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A Manual of Elementary Geology or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants as Illustrated by Geological Monuments

Sir Charles Lyell · Public domain text

237,610 words · about 16 h 38 min to read

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The text of A Manual of Elementary Geology or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and its Inhabitants as Illustrated by Geological Monuments comes from Project Gutenberg e-text #34350. It is in English and public domain in the United States. Project Gutenberg’s header and license text are removed, and RedLectern sets the text out for reading on screen; no words of the book are rewritten or summarized. More formats (EPUB, Kindle) · How RedLectern is built

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About this book

Author
Lyell, Charles, Sir (1797–1875)
Language
English
Subjects
Geology
Length
237,610 words · about 16 h 38 min
Sections
81 reader sections · Table of contents
Contents (81)
  1. Opening about 2 min
  2. Book I about 1 min
  3. II. CHANGES NOW IN PROGRESS IN THE INORGANIC WORLD under 1 min
  4. III. CHANGES OF THE ORGANIC WORLD NOW IN PROGRESS about 1 min
  5. Postscript about 31 min
  6. I. ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ROCKS under 1 min
  7. Chapter II under 1 min
  8. III. ARRANGEMENT OF FOSSILS IN STRATA--FRESHWATER AND MARINE under 1 min
  9. IV. CONSOLIDATION OF STRATA AND PETRIFACTION OF FOSSILS under 1 min
  10. Chapter V under 1 min
  11. VI. DENUDATION under 1 min
  12. VII. ALLUVIUM under 1 min
  13. VIII. CHRONOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS under 1 min
  14. IX. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE AQUEOUS ROCKS under 1 min
  15. X. CLASSIFICATION OF TERTIARY FORMATIONS.--POST-PLIOCENE GROUP under 1 min
  16. XI. NEWER PLIOCENE PERIOD.--BOULDER FORMATION under 1 min
  17. XII. BOULDER FORMATION--continued under 1 min
  18. XIII. NEWER PLIOCENE STRATA AND CAVERN DEPOSITS under 1 min
  19. XIV. OLDER PLIOCENE AND MIOCENE FORMATIONS under 1 min
  20. XV. UPPER EOCENE FORMATIONS under 1 min
  21. XVI. EOCENE FORMATIONS--continued under 1 min
  22. XVII. CRETACEOUS GROUP under 1 min
  23. XVIII. WEALDEN GROUP under 1 min
  24. XIX. DENUDATION OF THE CHALK AND WEALDEN under 1 min
  25. XX. OOLITE AND LIAS under 1 min
  26. XXI. OOLITE AND LIAS--continued under 1 min
  27. XXII. TRIAS OR NEW RED SANDSTONE GROUP under 1 min
  28. XXIII. PERMIAN OR MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE GROUP under 1 min
  29. XXIV. THE COAL OR CARBONIFEROUS GROUP under 1 min
  30. XXV. CARBONIFEROUS GROUP--continued under 1 min
  31. XXVI. OLD RED SANDSTONE, OR DEVONIAN GROUP under 1 min
  32. XXVII. SILURIAN GROUP under 1 min
  33. XXVIII. VOLCANIC ROCKS under 1 min
  34. XXIX. VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued under 1 min
  35. XXX. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS under 1 min
  36. XXXI. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued under 1 min
  37. XXXII. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued under 1 min
  38. XXXIII. PLUTONIC ROCKS--GRANITE under 1 min
  39. XXXIV. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE PLUTONIC ROCKS under 1 min
  40. XXXV. METAMORPHIC ROCKS under 1 min
  41. XXXVI. METAMORPHIC ROCKS--continued under 1 min
  42. XXXVII. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE METAMORPHIC ROCKS under 1 min
  43. XXXVIII. MINERAL VEINS about 2 min
  44. I. ON THE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ROCKS about 20 min
  45. Chapter II about 21 min
  46. III. ARRANGEMENT OF FOSSILS IN STRATA--FRESHWATER AND MARINE about 19 min
  47. IV. CONSOLIDATION OF STRATA AND PETRIFACTION OF FOSSILS about 21 min
  48. Chapter V about 38 min
  49. VI. DENUDATION about 26 min
  50. VII. ALLUVIUM about 20 min
  51. VIII. CHRONOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS about 15 min
  52. IX. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE AQUEOUS ROCKS about 15 min
  53. X. CLASSIFICATION OF TERTIARY FORMATIONS.--POST-PLIOCENE GROUP about 36 min
  54. XI. NEWER PLIOCENE PERIOD.--BOULDER FORMATION about 19 min
  55. XII. BOULDER FORMATION--continued about 32 min
  56. XIII. NEWER PLIOCENE STRATA AND CAVERN DEPOSITS about 25 min
  57. XIV. OLDER PLIOCENE AND MIOCENE FORMATIONS about 23 min
  58. XV. UPPER EOCENE FORMATIONS about 30 min
  59. XVI. EOCENE FORMATIONS--continued about 30 min
  60. XVII. CRETACEOUS GROUP about 26 min
  61. XVIII. WEALDEN GROUP about 22 min
  62. XIX. DENUDATION OF THE CHALK AND WEALDEN about 32 min
  63. XX. OOLITE AND LIAS about 22 min
  64. XXI. OOLITE AND LIAS--continued about 20 min
  65. XXII. TRIAS OR NEW RED SANDSTONE GROUP about 28 min
  66. XXIII. PERMIAN OR MAGNESIAN LIMESTONE GROUP about 10 min
  67. XXIV. THE COAL, OR CARBONIFEROUS GROUP about 29 min
  68. XXV. CARBONIFEROUS GROUP--continued about 23 min
  69. XXVI. OLD RED SANDSTONE, OR DEVONIAN GROUP about 11 min
  70. XXVII. SILURIAN GROUP about 23 min
  71. XXVIII. VOLCANIC ROCKS about 25 min
  72. XXIX. VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued about 32 min
  73. XXX. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS about 20 min
  74. XXXI. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued about 23 min
  75. XXXII. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE VOLCANIC ROCKS--continued about 26 min
  76. XXXIII. PLUTONIC ROCKS--GRANITE about 19 min
  77. XXXIV. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE PLUTONIC ROCKS about 25 min
  78. XXXV. METAMORPHIC ROCKS about 18 min
  79. XXXVI. METAMORPHIC ROCKS--continued about 17 min
  80. XXXVII. ON THE DIFFERENT AGES OF THE METAMORPHIC ROCKS about 15 min
  81. XXXVIII. MINERAL VEINS about 1 h 35 min

The opening of Postscript

Tracks of a Lower Silurian reptile in Canada--Chelonian footprints in Old Red Sandstone, Morayshire--Skeleton of a reptile in the same formation in Scotland--Eggs of Batrachians (?) in a lower division of the "Old Red," or Devonian--Footprints of Lower Carboniferous reptiles in the United States--Fossil rain-marks of the Carboniferous period in Nova Scotia--Triassic Mammifer from the Keuper of Stuttgart--Cretaceous Gasteropoda--Dicotyledonous leaves in Lower Cretaceous strata--Bearing of the recent discoveries above-mentioned on the theory of the progressive development of animal life.

Tracks of a Lower Silurian reptile in Canada.--In the year 1847, Mr. Robert Abraham announced in the Montreal Gazette, of which he was editor, that the track of a freshwater tortoise had been observed on the surface of a stratum of sandstone in a quarry opened on the banks of the St. Lawrence at Beauharnais in Upper Canada. The inhabitants of the parish being perfectly familiar with the track of the amphibious mud-turtles or terrapins of their country, assured Mr. Abraham that the fossil impressions closely resembled those left by the recent species on sand or mud. Having satisfied himself of the truth of their report, he was struck with the novelty and geological interest of the phenomenon.

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