A dictionary of American authors (part 4 of 6)

A dictionary of American authors (part 4 of 6)

=Paine, Thomas.= E., 1737-1809. A celebrated political and deistical writer of English birth who came to America in 1774, and in 1776 issued his famous pamphlet, Common Sense, which was of great service to the American cause. In the American Crisis, published in numbers, 1776-83, he continued his defence of America. His other works include, The Rights of Man, a reply to Burke’s “Reflections on the French Revolution”; The Age of Reason, a work inferior to his other writings in matter and style, and fiercely assailed by the religious sentiment of his day. His works have been ably edited by M. D. Conway (1894-95), supra. See Lives by Chatham, Cobbett, Rickman, G. Chalmers, G. Vale, Sherwin, M. D. Conway; Atlantic Monthly, July, November, and December, 1859; Nineteenth Century, March, 1879; McMaster’s History of the People of the United States, Watson’s Men and Times of the Revolution; Allibone’s Dictionary; Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 43. Put.

=Paine, Timothy Otis.= Me., 1824-1895. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Elmwood, Massachusetts. Solomon’s Temple and Capitol; Idolatrous High Places. Hou.

=Palfrey= [pawl´fri], =Francis Winthrop.= Ms., 1831-1889. Son of J. G. Palfrey, infra. An officer in the Federal army during the Civil War, and from 1872 register of bankruptcy in Boston. Antietam and Fredericksburg; Memoir of William Francis Bartlett. Hou. Scr.

=Palfrey, John Gorham.= Ms., 1796-1881. A Unitarian clergyman in Cambridge, professor of sacred literature in Harvard University, 1831-37, subsequently a member of Congress, and postmaster of Boston, 1861-67. His literary reputation rests upon his History of New England, a painstaking, accurate work, but not especially attractive in style, and marred by want of perspective. Other works by him are, Lectures on the Jewish Scriptures; The Relation between Judaism and Christianity. Hou. Lit.

=Palfrey, Sarah Hammond.= “E. Foxton.” Ms., 1823- ----. Daughter of J. G. Palfrey, supra. A novelist and verse-writer of Cambridge. Her work in verse comprises, Prémices; Sir Pavon and St. Pavon; The Chapel; The Blossoming Rod; Agnes Wentworth. In fiction she has published Katharine Morne; Herman, or Young Knighthood. Le.

=Palmer, Alonzo Benjamin.= N. Y., 1815-1887. A physician who was medical professor in the University of Michigan from 1852. Homœopathy, What Is It?; The Treatment of the Science and Practice of Medicine; Epidemic Cholera; Temperance Teachings of Science; Diarrhœa and Dysentery.

=Palmer, Mrs. Anna [Campbell].= “Mrs. George Archibald.” N. Y., 1854- ----. A writer of Elmira, New York. The Summerville Prize; Little Brown Seed; Lally Gay; Lally Gay and her Sister; Verses from a Mother’s Corner.

=Palmer, Benjamin Morgan.= S. C., 1818-1902. A Presbyterian minister of New Orleans. Life and Letters of James Thornwell, infra; Sermons; The Family in its Civil and Churchly Aspects; Formation of Character; The Broken Home; Theology of Prayer.

=Palmer, Elihu.= Ct., 1764-1806. A writer of New York city who was in his early career a Congregational minister, but became a deist and a political agitator. The Principles of Nature; Prospect or View of the Moral World from 1804.

=Palmer, Mrs. Frances [Purdy].= N. Y., 1839- ----. A journalist and lecturer of Providence who has published A Dead Level, and Other Episodes.

=Palmer, George Herbert.= Ms., 1842- ----. Alford professor of natural religion, moral philosophy, and civil polity at Harvard University. He has published The New Education, and an English translation of the Odyssey in rhythmic prose. Hou. Lit.

=Palmer, Mrs. Henrietta [Lee].= Md., 1834- ----. Wife of J. W. Palmer, infra. The Stratford Gallery, or the Shakespeare Sisterhood; Home Life in the Bible; The Heroines of Shakespeare.

=Palmer, Horatio Richmond.= N. Y., 1834- ----. Elements of Musical Composition; Theory of Music.

=Palmer, John Williamson.= Md., 1825- ----. A physician and littérateur of Baltimore and subsequently of New York city. The Queen’s Heart: a Comedy; The Beauties and Curiosities of Engraving; After His Kind, a novel; The Golden Dagon, or Up and Down the Irrawaddi; The New and the Old, or California and India.

=Palmer, Julius Auboineau.= Ms., 1840-1899. About Mushrooms; Memories of Hawaii; One Voyage and its Consequences; Mushrooms of America; Again in Hawaii. Le. Lo. Wn.

=Palmer, Lynde.= See Peebles, Mrs.

=Palmer, Mrs. Phœbe Worrell.= N. Y., 1807-1874. A Wesleyan evangelist of New York city, whose writing is mainly concerned with the doctrine of perfection. The Way of Holiness; Entire Devotion; Faith and its Effect; Promises of the Father; Four Years in the Old World; Pioneer Experiences. See Life and Letters of, 1876.

=Palmer, Ray.= R. I., 1808-1887. A Congregational clergyman of Albany, widely known as a writer of hymns, the most famous of which is, “My Faith Looks up to Thee.” Home, or the Unlost Paradise; Spiritual Improvement; Closet Hours; Hymns and Poems; Hymns of My Holy Hours; Remember Me; Voices of Hope and Gladness. Bar. Le. Ran.

=Palmer, William Pitt.= Ms., 1805-1884. An insurance president of New York city known also as a verse-writer. Light; Echoes of Half a Century, a collection of poems.

=Pancoast, Joseph.= N. J., 1805-1882. An eminent surgeon of Philadelphia, professor of surgery in Jefferson Medical College, 1838-74. Operative Surgery; Essays and Lectures; System of Anatomy. See Gross’s Sketches of Contemporaries.

=Pancoast, Seth.= Pa., 1823-1889. A Philadelphia physician, professor in Pennsylvania Medical College, 1854-62. The Cabala; Consumption; Ladies’ Medical Guide; Boyhood’s Perils; Bright’s Disease.

=Pansy.= See Alden, Mrs.

=Parish, Elijah.= Ct., 1762-1825. A Congregational minister, pastor at Byfield, Massachusetts, 1787-1825. He was co-author with Jedediah Morse, supra, of several geographical works, and wrote a New System of Modern Geography. See Sermons of, with Memoir, 1826.

=Park, Edwards Amasa.= R. I., 1808-1900. A Congregational clergyman in Andover, Massachusetts, professor in the Theological Seminary there, 1835-1881. Discourses and Treatises on the Atonement; Discourses on Some Theological Doctrines as Related to the Religious Character; Lives of S. Hopkins, supra, N. Emmons, supra, B. B. Edwards, supra, S. H. Taylor, infra, W. B. Homer.

=Park, Roswell.= Ct., 1807-1869. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president and chancellor of Racine College, 1852-63. Sketch of the History of West Point; Jerusalem, and Other Poems; Pantology, or Systematic Survey of Human Knowledge.

=Park, Roswell.= Ct., 1852- ----. A professor of surgery in the University of Buffalo from 1883 who has published Lectures on Surgical Pathology.

=Parke, John.= Del., 1754-1789. An officer in the American army during the Revolution, who published The Lyric Works of Horace. The translation, in rhymed verse, was dedicated to Washington, and in it the names of American patriots were substituted for those of the Roman worthies.

=Parke, John Grubb.= Pa., 1827-1900. A soldier of distinction who was superintendent of the United States Military Academy in 1887, and was retired from active service in 1889. United States Laws Relating to Public Works; Laws Relating to the Construction of Bridges over Navigable Waters.

=Parker, Edward Griffin.= Ms., 1825-1868. A lawyer of New York city. The Golden Age of American Oratory; Reminiscences of Rufus Choate.

=Parker, Edwin Pond.= Me., 1836- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford, pastor of the South Church from 1860, Book of Praise; Memorial of H. Bushnell, supra; The Ministry of Natural Beauty.

=Parker, Mrs. Elizabeth Lowber [Chandler].= “Bessie Chandler.” N. Y., 1856- ----. A writer of Batavia, New York, who has contributed much to magazines. A Woman who Failed and Others. Rob.

=Parker, Foxhall Alexander.= N. Y., 1821-1879. A commodore in the United States navy. Fleet Tactics under Steam; The Naval Howitzer Afloat; The Naval Howitzer Ashore; The Fleets of the World; The Battle of Mobile Bay; Elia, or Spain Fifty Years Ago, a translation from the Spanish.

=Parker, Francis Wayland.= N. H., 1837-1902. A prominent educator of Chicago, principal of Cook County Normal School, and formerly supervisor of the Boston schools. Talks on Teaching; The Practical Teacher; Course in Arithmetic; How to Teach Geography. Ap.

=Parker, Sir [Horatio] Gilbert.= Ont., 1859- ----. A popular novelist of Canadian birth. Pierre and His People; An Adventurer of the North; A Romany of the Snows; A Lover’s Diary; When Valmond came to Pontiac; The Seats of the Mighty; The Pomp of the Lavillettes; The Battle of the Strong. Hou. St.

=Parker, Mrs. Helen Fitch.= N. Y., 1827-1874. Wife of H. W. Parker, infra. Sunrise and Sunset; Morning Stars of the New World; Rambles After Land Shells; Missions and Martyrs of Madagascar; Frank’s Search for Sea Shells; Constance of Aylmer, a tale; Blind Florette; Arthur’s Aquarium.

=Parker, Henry Webster.= N. Y., 1824- ----. Son of S. Parker, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, professor of mental science in Iowa College from 1879. The Story of a Soul, a poem; Verse.

=Parker, James Cutler Dunn.= Ms., 1828- ----. Nephew of R. G. Parker, infra. A Boston musician. Manual of Harmony; Theoretical and Practical Harmony.

=Parker, Joel.= N. H., 1795-1875. A jurist of Massachusetts, professor of law at Harvard University, 1847-75. The War Power of Congress; The Right of Secession; The Non-Extension of Slavery; Constitutional Law; Revolution and Construction; The Three Powers of Government; Conflict of Decisions.

=Parker, Joel.= Vt., 1799-1873. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city. Lectures on Unitarianism; Invitations to True Happiness; Reasonings of a Pastor; Sermons; Notes on Twelve Psalms, include his principal writings. Har.

=Parker, Nathan Howe.= 18-- - ----. Iowa as it is in 1855; Kansas and Nebraska Handbook for 1857-58; The Missouri Handbook (1865); Missouri as it is in 1867, are among his various statistical works.

=Parker, Mrs. Permelia Jane [Marsh].= N. Y., 1836- ----. A writer of Rochester, New York. Toiling and Hoping, a novel; The Boy Missionary; Losing the Way; Under His Banner; The Midnight Cry, a novel of the Millerite delusion; Rochester, a Story Historical; Life of S. F. B. Morse, supra; The Morgan Boys; Around the Manger; Andy, the Story of a Troublesome Boy. Cas. Do.

=Parker, Peter.= Ms., 1804-1888. A Congregational missionary and diplomat in China, and after 1857 a resident of Washington. Journal of an Expedition from Singapore to Japan; Statement respecting Hospitals in China.

=Parker, Richard Green.= Ms., 1798-1869. An educator of Boston. Natural Philosophy; Aids to English Composition.

=Parker, Samuel.= Ms., 1799-1866. A Congregational clergyman of New York State, said to have been the first who suggested the possibility of a railway through the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. He published, Exploring Tour Beyond the Rocky Mountains.

=Parker, Theodore.= Ms., 1810-1860. A famous Unitarian clergyman of West Roxbury, Massachusetts, whose extremely radical views excited great opposition in his denomination, and resulted in his becoming pastor of an independent congregation in Boston. He was very outspoken in his championship of freedom for the slave, temperance, and the rights of labour, and rapidly came to be a controlling influence in contemporary thought. Since his death his influence has deepened both in America and Europe. He was a prolific writer, but the purely literary value of his work is not great. Miscellaneous Writings; Sermons on Theism, Atheism, and Popular Theology; Occasional Sermons and Speeches; Matters Pertaining to Religion; Additional Sermons and Speeches; Sermons for the Times; Experience as a Minister; West Roxbury Sermons; Prayers; Lessons from the World of Matter and the World of Mind; Historic Americans; Views of Religion. His complete works, as edited by Frances Power Cobbe, fill twelve volumes. See Lives by John Weiss, 1864, Réville, 1865, O. B. Frothingham, 1874; The Story of Theodore Parker, by Miss Cobbe; Atlantic Monthly, October, 1860; North American Review, April, 1864. A. U. A. Rob.

=Parker, Thomas.= E., 1595-1677. A learned Puritan clergyman who was one of the founders of Newbury, Massachusetts, and its first pastor. Parker River, in that region, is named in his honour. Letter on Church Government; Prophecies of Daniel Expounded; Methodus Gratiæ Diviniæ; Theses de Traductione Peccatoris ad Vitam.

=Parker, Willard.= N. H., 1800-1884. A distinguished surgeon of Philadelphia, professor of surgery in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1839-1869. Cystotomy; Spontaneous Fractures; The Concussion of Nerves, are among his professional monographs.

=Parker, William Harwar.= N. Y., 1826-1896. Brother of F. Parker, supra. An officer in the Confederate navy during the Civil War. Instruction for Naval Light Artillery; Recollections of a Naval Officer. Scr.

=Parkhurst, Charles Henry.= Ms., 1842- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, pastor of the Madison Square Church from 1880, and very prominent as a municipal reformer. Forms of the Latin Verb Illustrated by the Sanskrit; The Blind Man’s Creed; The Pattern on the Mount; Three Gates on a Side; What Would the World Be Without Religion?; The Swiss Guide; Our Fight with Tammany. Ran. Rev. Scr.

=Parkinson, William.= Md., 1774-1848. A Baptist clergyman of New York city. Ecclesiastical History; Public Ministry of the Word; Sermons on Deuteronomy xxxii. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Parkman, Ebenezer.= Ms., 1703-1789. A Congregational pastor in Westborough, Massachusetts, from 1724 till his death. Reformers and Intercessors.

=Parkman, Francis.= Ms., 1788-1852. Grandson of E. Parkman, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, author of The Offering of Sympathy.

=Parkman, Francis.= Ms., 1823-1893. Son of F. Parkman, supra. The foremost of American historians. He was born in Boston, was a graduate of Harvard in 1844, and in 1846 explored the wilderness beyond the Rocky Mountains, The Oregon Trail resulting from this journey. For many years he was partially blind, but as far as possible continued the historical work which he was meditating, while as a relaxation he devoted much time to horticulture and published a Book of Roses in 1866. The work of his life was the series of historical narratives called France and England in North America, begun in 1864 and completed in 1892. The work includes, in their order, Pioneers of France in the New World; The Jesuits in North America; La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West; The Old Régime in Canada; Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV.; A Half Century of Conflict; Montcalm and Wolfe. The Conspiracy of Pontiac forms a sequel to the work, though first issued in 1857. The picturesque charm of his style has been widely acknowledged, while his scholarship has never been questioned. See Life and Uncollected Papers, by Farnham; Life by H. D. Sedgwick, 1904; Atlantic Monthly, November, 1874, May, 1894; Canadian Magazine, October, 1884; Harvard Graduates’ Magazine, June, 1895; Vedder’s American Writers. Lit.

=Parkman, George.= Ms., 1791-1849. Grandson of E. Parkman, supra. A Boston physician who published Insanity and the Management of the Insane. See Trial of Webster for the Murder of Dr. Parkman, 1850.

=Parks, Leighton.= N. Y., 1852- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston (1878-1904), and later of New York. His Star in the East; Winning of the Soul, and Other Sermons. Dut. Hou.

=Parley, Peter.= See Goodrich, S. G.

=Parloa, Maria.= Ms., 1843- ----. A lecturer and writer upon domestic economy, especially upon the science of food preparation. First Principles of Household Management and Cookery; Kitchen Companion; The Young Housekeeper; New Cook Book and Marketing Guide. Est. Hou.

=Parrish, Edward.= Pa., 1822-1872. Son of Joseph Parrish, 1st, infra. An educator and pharmacist of Philadelphia, and president of Swarthmore College, 1868-70. Introduction to Practical Pharmacy; The Phantom Bouquet, a Treatise on Skeletonizing Leaves; Essay on Education in the Society of Friends.

=Parrish, John.= Md., 1729-1807. A Quaker preacher of Pennsylvania noted as an early opponent of slavery, who published Remarks on the Slavery of the Black Race.

=Parrish, Joseph.= Pa., 1779-1840. Nephew of J. Parrish, supra. An eminent Philadelphia physician who was the author of Practical Observations on Strangulated Hernia. See Memoir by G. B. Wood.

=Parrish, Joseph.= Pa., 1818-1891. Son of Joseph Parrish, supra. A physician of Burlington, New Jersey, famous as an authority upon the treatment of inebriates. Alcoholic Inebriety from the Medical Standpoint.

=Parry, Charles Christopher.= E., 1823-1890. A botanist of Davenport, Iowa, among whose writings are, Botanical Observations in Western Wyoming; Botanical Observations in Southern Utah.

=Parsons, Mrs. Frances Theodora [Smith] [Dana].= N. Y., 1861- ----. A writer of Albany whose books were published under the name of Mrs. William Starr Dana. How to Know the Wild Flowers; According to Season; Plants and Their Children. Am. Scr.

=Parsons, Frank.= N. J., 1855- ----. A lawyer of Boston. The World’s Best Books; Our Country’s Need, or the Development of a Scientific Industrial System. He has edited several legal works.

=Parsons, George Frederic.= E., 1840- ----. A journalist of New York city. Life of J. W. Marshall, Discoverer of Gold in California; Middle Ground, a novel.

=Parsons, Jonathan.= Ms., 1705-1776. A Presbyterian minister of Newburyport, who adopted the views of Whitefield, and in whose house that famous preacher died. Lectures on Justification; Good News from a Far Country, said to be the first book published in New Hampshire; Sixty Sermons; Freedom from Ecclesiastical and Civil Slavery the Purchase of Christ. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Parsons, Theophilus.= Ms., 1750-1813. A jurist of Newburyport and after 1800 of Boston, and chief justice of Massachusetts from 1801. Commentaries on the Law of the United States; The Essex Result, a famous political pamphlet of 1777. See Memoir by his son.

=Parsons, Theophilus.= Ms., 1797-1882. Son of T. Parsons, supra. A noted legal writer, Dane professor of Law in Harvard University from 1847, and an eminent Swedenborgian thinker. Treatise on the Law of Contracts; Elements of Mercantile Law; The Laws of Business; Maritime Law; Law of Promissory Notes; Principles of the Law of Partnership; The Law of Marine Insurance; Treatise on the Law of Partnership; Political, Personal, and Property Rights of a United States Citizen; Memoir of Chief Justice Parsons, supra; The Ministry of Sorrow; Deus Homo; The Infinite and the Finite; Essays; Outlines of the Religion and Philosophy of Swedenborg; The Mystery of Life. Lip. Lit.

=Parsons, Thomas William.= Ms., 1819-1892. A poet of Boston who for some years practised his profession of dentistry there. The quality of his writing is uneven, but in such poems as the Lines on a Bust of Dante, and When Francesca Sings, he is at his best. His work includes a much-admired though incomplete translation in English verse of Dante’s Divina Commedia, of which an edition was issued in 1893, with introduction by C. E. Norton, supra, and memorial sketch by Miss Guiney, supra; Ghetto di Roma; The Magnolia; The Old Home at Sudbury; The Shadow of the Obelisk, and Other Poems; Poems (1893). See Atlantic Monthly; Stedman’s Poets of America; Hovey’s Seaward, an Elegy. Hou.

=Parsons, Usher.= Me., 1788-1868. A surgeon of Providence. The Art of Making Anatomic Preparations; Prize Dissertations; Sailors’ Physician; History of the Battle of Lake Erie; Life of Sir William Pepperell.

=Partington, Mrs.= See Shillaber.

=Parton, James.= E., 1822-1891. A popular littérateur of English birth who came to America when very young and for the latter part of his life resided in Newburyport. The permanent value of his writing is not great, with the possible exception of his Life of Voltaire. His other works include, Lives of Greeley, Aaron Burr, Andrew Jackson, Franklin, Jefferson; General Butler in New Orleans; Famous Americans of Recent Times; Smoking and Drinking; Captains of Industry; Triumphs of Enterprise; Noted Women of America and Europe; The People’s Book of Biography; Caricature and Other Comic Art; Topics of the Times (1871). See New England Magazine, January, 1893. Cr. Har. Hou.

=Parton, Mrs. Sarah Payson [Willis] [Eldridge].= “Fanny Fern.” Me., 1811-1872. Wife of J. Parton, supra, and sister of N. P. Willis, infra. A once popular but now neglected writer who for some sixteen years contributed a weekly article to The New York Ledger. Her writing was fresh and piquant in style, but wholly ephemeral in character. Rose Clark, a novel; Ruth Hall, a novel more or less autobiographic; Fern Leaves; Folly as it Flies; Ginger Snaps; Caper Sauce. See Memoir by J. Parton, supra.

=Partridge, William Ordway.= F., 1861- ----. A sculptor of Milton, Massachusetts. Art for America; The Technique of Sculpture; The Song Life of a Sculptor. Gi. Rob.

=Parvin, Theodore Sutton.= N. J., 1817-1901. An educator of Iowa, professor in Iowa University, 1859-70. History of Iowa; History of Templary in Iowa.

=Parvin, Theophilus.= Ar., 1829-1898. A Philadelphia physician, professor in Jefferson Medical College, who was author of The Science and Art of Obstetrics.

=Paschall, George Washington.= Ga., 1812-1878. A jurist of Texas, and later of Washington, where he was professor of jurisprudence in Georgetown College. Annotated Digest of Texas Laws; Decisions of Texas Supreme Court; Annotated Constitution of the United States.

=Patten, Claudius Buchanan.= 1828-1886. A banker of Boston who published, in 1885, England as Seen by an American Banker. Lo.

=Patten, George Washington.= R. I., 1808-1882. Son of W. Patten, infra. An officer in the United States army who wrote the noted lyrics, The Seminole’s Reply; Joys that We’ve Tasted. His published books include, Army Manual; Infantry Tactics; Cavalry Drill; Voices of the Border, a volume of verse.

=Patten, Simon Nelson.= Il., 1852- ----. A professor of political economy in the University of Pennsylvania from 1888. The Stability of Prices; The Consumption of Wealth; Economic Basis of Protection; Principles of Rational Taxation; Educational Value of Political Economy; Theory of Dynamic Economics; The Premises of Political Economy; The Theory of Social Forces.

=Patten, William.= Ms., 1763-1839. A Congregational clergyman of Newport, Rhode Island. Christianity the True Religion; Reminiscences of Samuel Hopkins, supra.

=Patterson, Christopher Stuart.= Pa., 1842- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia, professor of the law of real estate in the University of Pennsylvania from 1887. Memoir of Theodore Cuyler; Railway Accident Law; Federal Restraints on State Action; The United States and the State under the Constitution.

=Patterson, Robert.= I., 1743-1824. A professor of mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania, 1779-1814, and director of the Philadelphia Mint. The Newtonian System; Treatise on Arithmetic.

=Patterson, Robert.= I., 1829- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn, California, from 1880. The Fables of Infidelity and the Facts of Faith; The American Sabbath; The Sabbath: Scientific, American, and Christian; Christianity the Only Republican Religion; Christ’s Testimony to the Scriptures; Egypt’s Place in History.

=Patterson, Robert Mayne.= Pa., 1832- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia. History of Presbyterianism in Philadelphia; Paradise; Visions of Heaven; Elijah the Favored Man; History of the Synod of Pennsylvania.

=Patton, Alfred Spencer.= E., 1825-1888. A Baptist minister of Utica, and subsequently editor, in New York city, of The Baptist Weekly. Light in the Valley; My Joy and Crown; Kincaid, the Hero Missionary; The Losing and Taking of Mansoul.

=Patton, Francis Landey.= Ba., 1843- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, president of Princeton College from 1888. Inspiration of the Scriptures; Summary of Christian Doctrine.

=Patton, Jacob Harris.= Pa., 1812-1903. An historical writer of New York city. Concise History of the American People; Yorktown, 1781-1881; The Democratic Party: its History and Influence; Brief History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States; Natural Resources of the United States; Political Economy for American Youth; Four Hundred Years of American History; Political Parties in the United States. Fo. Lov.

=Patton, William.= Pa., 1798-1879. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, founder of the Union Theological Seminary. The Laws of Fermentation and the Wines of the Ancients; The Judgment of Jerusalem Predicted in Scripture; Jesus of Nazareth; Bible Principles and Bible Characters.

=Patton, William Weston.= N. Y., 1821-1889. Grandson of W. Patton, supra. A Congregational clergyman in New York city, and president of Howard University from 1877. Spiritual Victory; Prayer and its Remarkable Answers; The Young Man’s Friend; Conscience and Law; Slavery and Infidelity. Fa.

=Paul, John.= See Webb, C. H.

=Paulding, James Kirke.= Md., 1779-1860. A versatile and once popular writer of New York city, the friend of Irving, and co-author with him of The Salmagundi Papers in 1807. He was secretary of the navy, 1837-41. His various writings include: The Diverting History of John Bull and Brother Jonathan, his most successful work; Salmagundi, a second series, 1819; Koningsmarke, the Long Finne, a novel; John Bull in America; The Dutchman’s Fireside; Lay of the Scottish Fiddle, a travesty of the Lay of the Last Minstrel; Westward Ho; Merry Tales of the Three Wise Men of Gotham; The Puritan and his Daughter; The New Mirror for Travellers; The Backwoodsman, a poem; The Bucktails, a Comedy; Letters from the South; Life of George Washington; Slavery in America, a spirited defence of that institution. See Literary Life of Paulding by his son; Appletons’ American Biography. Scr.

=Payne, Charles Henry.= Ms., 1830-1899. A Methodist clergyman and educator, president of Ohio Wesleyan University, 1876-88. The Social Glass and Christian Obligation; Daniel, the Uncompromising Young Man; Guides and Guards in Character-Building; Methodism, its History and Results; Temperance; Women and their Work in Methodism. Meth.

=Payne, Daniel Alexander.= S. C., 1811-1893. A Methodist bishop of African descent, president of Wilberforce University, 1865-76. Domestic Education; History of the African Methodist Church; Recollections of Men and Things.

=Payne, John Howard.= N. Y., 1792-1852. A dramatist and actor of New York city in whose drama of Clari, the Maid of Milan, occurs the famous lyric, Home, Sweet Home, his chief claim to remembrance. From 1841 till his death he was United States consul at Tunis, his remains being removed from there to Washington in 1883. His best plays include, Brutus; Virginius; Charles II. See American Magazine of History, May, 1881; Biographical Sketch by Brainard, 1885.

=Payne, William Harold.= N. Y., 1836- ----. An educator of Tennessee, chancellor of the University of Nashville, and president of Peabody Normal College from 1888. School Supervision; Outlines of Educational Doctrine; Contributions to the Science of Education; Lectures on Pedagogy. Ap.

=Payne, Will[iam Hudson].= Il., 1865- ----. A journalist of Chicago. Jerry the Dreamer, a novel. Har.

=Payne, William Morton.= Ms., 1858- ----. An educator and literary critic of Chicago, professor of physical science in the High School. Our New Education; Little Leaders. Wy.

=Payson, Edward.= N. H., 1783-1827. A Congregational clergyman of Portland, Maine, whose three volumes of Sermons were for a long time widely popular in the religious world. See Bibliography of Maine.

=Payson, Edward.= 1814-1890. A writer of Deering, Maine. The Law of Equivalents in its Relations to Political and Social Ethics; Doctor Tom; The Maine Law in the Balance. Hou. Le.

=Peabody, Andrew Preston.= Ms., 1811-1893. A Unitarian clergyman of eminence, pastor of a church at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1833-60, and Plummer professor of Christian morals at Harvard University, 1860-81. A conservative, tolerant thinker, greatly beloved by all within the sphere of his influence. Sermons of Consolation; Lectures on Christian Doctrine; Christianity the Fruit of Nature; Moral Philosophy; Faults and Graces of Conversation; Sermons for Children; Christianity and Science; King’s Chapel Sermons; Reminiscences of European Travel; Christian Belief and Life; Baccalaureate Sermons; Building a Character; Harvard Graduates Whom I Have Known; Harvard Reminiscences; translations of the ethical writings of Cicero and Plutarch’s Delay of Divine Justice. A. U. A. Hou. Lit. Rob.

=Peabody, Elizabeth Palmer.= Ms., 1804-1894. A noted educator of Boston, very active in awakening American interest in the kindergarten system, and in her early life associated in teaching with A. B. Alcott, supra, as related in her Record of a School. Her other works include: Chronological History of the United States; Kindergarten Guide; Æsthetic Papers; Lectures to Kindergartners; First Steps to History; Reminiscences of Dr. Channing; Last Evening with Allston, and Other Papers. Le. Rob.

=Peabody, Ephraim.= N. H., 1807-1856. Cousin of A. P. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, rector of King’s Chapel, 1846-56. Christian Days and Thoughts; Sermons (with Memoir by S. A. Eliot), 1857.

=Peabody, Francis Greenwood.= Ms., 1847- ----. Son of E. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Cambridge, Parkman professor of theology at Harvard University, 1880-86, and Plummer professor of Christian morals from 1886. Mornings in the College Chapel. Hou.

=Peabody, Oliver William Bourne.= N. H., 1799-1848. A lawyer and journalist of Boston, subsequently a Unitarian clergyman and pastor of a church in Burlington, Vermont, 1845-48. He published Lives of Generals Sullivan and Putnam, in Sparks’s American Biography, and an edition of Shakespeare with Life and Notes.

=Peabody, William Bourne Oliver.= N. H., 1799-1847. Twin brother of O. W. B. Peabody, supra. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor of a church in Springfield, Massachusetts, 1820-47. He was the author of Lives of A. Wilson, Cotton Mather, Brainerd, and Oglethorpe, in Sparks’s American Biography; and Report on Birds of the Commonwealth. As a verse-writer he is best represented by such poems as Monadnock; Hymn of Nature; Winter Night.

=Peacock, Thomas Brower.= O., 1852- ----. A verse-writer of Topeka, whose ambitious lines are quite without poetic merit. The Rhyme of the Border War; The Vendetta; Poems of the Plains. Put.

=Peale, Charles Wilson.= Md., 1741-1827. An artist, inventor, and miscellaneous writer of Philadelphia, among whose works are, On Building Wooden Bridges; Domestic Happiness; Economy in Fuel. See Tuckerman’s Book of the Artists; Biography of, by R. Peale, infra; Boyle’s Distinguished Marylanders.

=Peale, Rembrandt.= Pa., 1778-1860. Son of C. W. Peale, supra. An artist of Philadelphia. Notes on Italy; Portfolio of an Artist; Graphics. See Tuckerman’s Book of the Artists.

=Pearson, Jonathan.= N. H., 1813-1887. A genealogist who was professor of chemistry and subsequently of botany at Union College from 1839. Early Records of the County of Albany; Genealogy of the First Settlers of Albany; Genealogies of the First Settlers of Schenectady.

=Pease, Theodore Claudius.= N. Y., 1853-1893. A Congregational clergyman of Malden, Massachusetts. The Christian Ministry. Hou.

=Peaselee, Edmund Randolph.= N. H., 1814-1878. A physician of New York city, medical professor in several institutions. Human Histology; Ovarian Tumors. Ap.

=Peattie, Mrs. Elia Wilkinson.= Mch., 1862- ----. A journalist of Chicago. The Judge, a novel; A Trip through Wonderland, a volume of Alaska travel; With Scrip and Staff, a story of the Children’s Crusade; A Mountain Woman. Wy.

=Peck, George.= N. Y., 1797-1876. A Methodist clergyman of prominence who was editor of several denominational journals. Christian Perfection; Early Methodism; Wyoming and its History; Universalism Examined; History of the Apostles and Evangelists; Rule of Faith; Manly Character, include his chief works. See Life and Times of, by himself. Meth.

=Peck, George Washington.= Ms., 1817-1859. A journalist of Boston and New York. Melbourne and the Chinchu Islands.

=Peck, George Wesley.= Pa., 1849- ----. Great-nephew of J. T. Peck, infra. A Methodist clergyman of Western New York. The Realization and Benefit of Ideals; Walk in the Light.

=Peck, George Wilbur.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A Wisconsin politician, successively mayor of Milwaukee and governor of Wisconsin. Peck’s Bad Boy; Compendium of Fun, and other works of his, represent almost the lowest depths of vulgarity to which American humour has descended.

=Peck, Harry Thurston.= Ct., 1856- ----. A professor of Latin at Columbia College and a literary critic. Latin Pronunciation; The Semitic Theory of Creation; The Personal Equation. Har.

=Peck, Jesse Truesdell.= N. Y., 1811-1883. Brother of G. Peck, supra. A bishop in the Methodist church. The Central Idea of Christianity; The True Woman; What Must I Do to be Saved?; The Great Republic. Meth.

=Peck, John Lord.= 18-- - ----. The Ultimate Generalization of Science; The Political Economy of Democracy and Capital and Labor.

=Peck, John Mason.= Ct., 1789-1858. A Baptist general missionary in the Western States. New Guide for Emigrants to the West (1836); Father Clark, or the Pioneer Preacher.

=Peck, Samuel Minturn.= Al., 1854- ----. A popular lyric poet and physician of Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Cap and Bells; Rings and Love Knots; Rhymes and Roses; Fair Women of To-Day. Sto.

=Peck, William Guy.= Ct., 1820-1892. A soldier and mathematician, professor in Columbia College from 1857. Elementary Mechanics; Popular Astronomy; and a complete course of mathematical text-books.

=Peck, William Henry.= Ga., 1830-189-. An educator of Georgia and a prolific writer of sensational novels remarkable for an entire absence of any literary quality. Among them are The McDonalds, or the Ashes of Southern Homes; The Confederate Flag of the Ocean; The Brother’s Vengeance. See Davidson’s Living Writers of the South.

=Pedder, James.= E., 1775-1859. An agricultural writer who came to America in 1832, and settled in Philadelphia as a sugar manufacturer. From 1844 to 1859 he edited The Boston Cultivator. The Farmer’s Land Measure; The Yellow Shoestrings; Frank.

=Peebles, Mrs. Mary Louise [Parmelee].= “Lynde Palmer.” N. Y., 1833- ----. A writer of religious juvenile tales and other works, among them being The Little Captain; Helps Over Hard Places; The Good Fight; Where Honour Leads; A Question of Honour, a story; The Magnet Stones; The Two Blizzards. Do. Kt.

=Peers, Benjamin Orrs.= Va., 1800-1842. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Kentucky, founder of the common school system of Kentucky. American Education.

=Peet, Harvey Prindle.= Ct., 1794-1873. A noted educator of deaf-mutes in New York city. Course of Instruction for the Deaf and Dumb; Legal Rights of the Deaf and Dumb; History of the United States, include his most important writings.

=Peet, Stephen Denison.= O., 1830- ----. A Congregational minister, eminent as an anthropologist. The Ashtabula Disaster; History of Ashtabula County, Ohio; Ancient Architecture in America; History of Early Missions in Wisconsin; Picture Writing; Primitive Symbolisms; The Effigy Mounds of Wisconsin. See Bibliography of Wisconsin.

=Peffer, William Alfred.= Pa., 1831- ----. A prominent lawyer and journalist of Kansas, and well known as a Populist Congressman. Tariff Manual; The Way Out.

=Peirce= [pêrss], =Benjamin.= Ms., 1778-1831. A merchant of Salem, Massachusetts, subsequently librarian of Harvard University, who published a History of Harvard University from 1636 to the American Revolution.

=Peirce, Benjamin.= Ms., 1809-1880. Son of B. Peirce, supra. An eminent mathematician, professor of mathematics and astronomy at Harvard University, 1833-67. Elementary Treatise on Plane and Spherical Trigonometry; Elementary Treatise on Sound; Curves, Functions, and Forces; Ideality in the Physical Sciences, compromise his most important works.

=Peirce, Benjamin Osgood.= Ms., 1854- ----. Kinsman of preceding. A professor of physics at Harvard University from 1884, and author of Theory of the Newtonian Potential Functions. Gi.

=Peirce, Bradford Kinney.= Vt., 1819-1889. A Methodist clergyman and journalist, editor of Zion’s Herald, 1872-88. Bible Scholar’s Manual; The Eminent Dead; Notes on the Acts; The Word of God Opened; A Half Century with Juvenile Delinquents; Trials of an Inventor; Audubon’s Adventures; Stories from Life which the Chaplain Told; The Chaplain with the Children; The Young Shetlander and His Home; Hymns of the Higher Life. Meth.

=Peirce, Charles Sanders.= Ms., 1839- ----. Son of B. Peirce, 2d, supra. A physician and lecturer on logic. Studies in Logic; Photometric Researches.

=Peirce, Ebenezer Weaver.= Ms., 1822- ----. An officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Peirce Family of the Old Colony; Indian History, Biography, and Genealogy; Contributions, Biographical, etc.

=Peirce, James Mills.= Ms., 1834- ----. Son of B. Peirce, 2d, supra. An educator of Cambridge, professor of mathematics in Harvard University from 1867. Text-Book of Analytical Geometry; Elements of Logarithms, are among his technical works. Gi.

=Peirson, Mrs. Lydia Jane [Wheeler].= Ct., 1802-1862. A verse-writer of Adrian, Michigan. Forest Leaves, and Other Poems; The Forest Minstrel. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America.

=Pellew, [William] George.= E., 1859-1892. A littérateur of New York city. Jane Austen’s Novels, a Dissertation; In Castle and Cabin, or Talks in Ireland; Woman and the Commonwealth; Life of John Jay. Hou.

=Pemberton, Ebenezer.= Ms., 1704-1777. A Presbyterian clergyman prominent as a loyalist in Boston at the opening of the Revolution. Sermons on Several Subjects; Practical Discourses; Salvation by Grace; Occasional Sermons. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Pendleton, Edmund Monroe.= 1815-1884. A physician who published Scientific Agriculture (1876).

=Pendleton, James Madison.= Va., 1811-1891. A Baptist clergyman of Upland, Pennsylvania. Three Reasons Why I Am a Baptist; Church Manual; Christian Doctrines; Sermons; Distinctive Principles of Baptists; Atonement of Christ. Bap.

=Pendleton, Louis [Beauregard].= Ga., 1861- ----. A novelist of Philadelphia. Bewitched, and Other Stories; In the Wire Grass, a novel of Southern Georgia; King Tom and the Runaways, a juvenile tale; The Wedding Garment, a Tale of the Life to Come; The Sons of Ham; Corona of the Nantahalas; In the Okefenokee, a juvenile tale. Ap. Cas. Mer. Rob.

=Pendleton, William Nelson.= Va., 1809-1883. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Virginia, a Confederate officer during the Civil War, and subsequently rector of Grace Church, Lexington, Virginia. Science a Witness for the Bible. See Memoirs of, by E. P. Lee. Lip.

=Penhallow, Samuel.= E., 1665-1726. A citizen of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, chief justice of New Hampshire, 1717-26. He published in 1726 a realistic and valuable History of the Wars of New England with the Eastern Indians. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Penick, Charles Clifton.= Va., 1843- ----. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of the West African Mission. He was consecrated in 1877, resigned in 1883, and is now (1897) a general agent at Baltimore of the commission on work among the coloured people. More than a Prophet, or Chapters on St. John the Evangelist.

=Penn, Arthur.= See Matthews, J. B.

=Pennell, Mrs. Elizabeth [Robins].= Pa., 1855- ----. Niece of C. G. Leland, supra, and wife of J. Pennell, infra. A writer who has lived in London for many years. Life of Mary Wollstonecraft; A Canterbury Pilgrimage; Two Pilgrims’ Progress; Our Sentimental Journey through France and Italy; Our Journey to the Hebrides; To Gipsyland; Play in Provence; The Feasts of Autolycus. Cent. Har. Mer. Rob. Scr.

=Pennell, Joseph.= Pa., 1859- ----. An artist living in London who has illustrated his wife’s books, and published Pen Drawing and Pen Draughtsmen; The Jew at Home; Modern Illustration. Ap. Mac.

=Penny, Virginia.= Ky., 1826- ----. An educator who has written much in relation to wider opportunities for women. The Employment of Women; Five Hundred Occupations Adapted to Women; Think and Act.

=Pennypacker, Isaac Rusling.= Pa., 1852- ----. A journalist and verse-writer of Philadelphia. Gettysburg, and Other Poems.

=Pennypacker, Samuel Whitaker.= Pa., 1843- ----. A jurist of Philadelphia. Annals of Phœnixville; Pennsylvania Supreme Court Reports; Historical and Biographical Sketches.

=Pentecost, George Frederick.= Il., 1843- ----. A Congregational minister in Brooklyn, 1881-90, and subsequently an evangelist in America and England. The Angel in the Marble; In the Volume of the Book; Out of Egypt; The Christian and the Modern Dance; Bible Studies; The Gospel of Luke; Grace Abounding in the Forgiveness of Sins. Bar. Rev.

=Pepper, George Dana Boardman.= Ms., 1833- ----. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Colby University from 1882. Outlines of Theology.

=Pepper, William.= Pa., 1843-1898. An eminent Philadelphia physician, provost of the University of Pennsylvania, 1881-94. Higher Medical Education; Diseases of Children (with J. F. Meigs, supra). Lip.

=Perce, Elbert.= N. Y., 1831-1869. A littérateur of New York city. Old Carl the Cooper; The Last of His Name; The Battle Roll; Gulliver Joi: his Three Voyages; and several translations from the Swedish of Carlén.

=Percival, James Gates.= Ct., 1795-1856. A verse-writer once popular, but now wholly neglected. His verse is not unmusical, but seldom rises much above mediocrity. Seneca Lake and The Coral Grove are still found lingering in anthologies. Prometheus; Clio; Dream of a Day; Poems, include his poetical works. He was a geologist of some reputation, and published Geological Surveys of Connecticut and Wisconsin. See Life and Letters, by Julius Ward, infra; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Percy, Florence.= See Allen, Mrs. Elizabeth.

=Perkins, Charles Callahan.= Ms., 1823-1886. A prominent art patron and critic of Boston. Raphael and Michael Angelo; Tuscan Sculptors; Italian Sculptors; Historical Handbook of Italian Sculpture; Ghiberti et son école; Art in Education; History of the Boston Handel and Haydn Society. Hou. Scr.

=Perkins, Eli.= See Landon.

=Perkins, Mrs. Elmira [Johnson].= Me., 1814-1896. A missionary among the Indians in Oregon. Her later life was passed in Boston. Harp of the Willows, a volume of verse.

=Perkins, Frederic Beecher.= Ct., 1828-1899. Grandson of Lyman Beecher, supra. A librarian. Scrope, or the Lost Library, a novel; Devil Puzzlers, and Other Studies; My Three Conversations with Miss Chester; Life of Dickens; Check List of American Local History, include the more important of his writings.

=Perkins, George Henry.= Ms., 1844- ----. A naturalist, State entomologist of Vermont. The Injurious Insects of Vermont; The Flora of Vermont.

=Perkins, George Roberts.= N. Y., 1812-1876. An educator of New York State, who published Plane and Solid Geometry, and other mathematical text-books.

=Perkins, James Breck.= Wis., 1847- ----. A lawyer of Rochester, New York. France Under Mazarin; France Under the Regency; France under Louis XV. Hou. Put.

=Perkins, James Handasyd.= Ms., 1810-1849. A Unitarian clergyman of Cincinnati, very active in the cause of prison discipline reform. Annals of the West. See Memoir by his cousin, W. H. Channing, supra.

=Perkins, Justin.= Ms., 1805-1869. A Congregational missionary in Persia. Residence of Eight Years in Persia; Missionary Life in Persia.

=Perkins, Maurice.= Ct., 1836-1901. A professor of chemistry at Union College from 1865, author of a Manual of Qualitative Analysis.

=Perkins, Samuel.= Ct., 1767-1850. A lawyer of Windham, Connecticut. History of the Late War between the United States and Great Britain (1825); General Jackson’s Conduct in the Seminole War; Historical Sketches of the United States.

=Perkins, William Rufus.= Pa., 1847-1895. An educator and poet, professor of history in the Iowa State University, 1887-95. He was the author of two careful historical monographs, History of the Trappist Abbey of New Melleray; and History of the Amana Society; and of Eleusis and Lesser Poems, a striking collection of musical meditative verse. Mg.

=Perrin, Mrs. Martha Chamberlin [Drinker].= Pa., 186- - ----. Chansons du Matin. Put.

=Perrin, Raymond S----.= N. Y., 1849- ----. The Student’s Dreams; The Religion of Philosophy, or the Unification of Knowledge. Put.

=Perrine, William Henry.= N. Y., 1827-1880. A Methodist clergyman, professor for some years in Albion College, Michigan. The Principles of Church Government with Special Application to the Polity of Episcopal Methodism.

=Perry, Amos.= Ms., 1812-1899. A Providence writer who was superintendent of the State census in 1865. Carthage and Tunis is his only work of importance.

=Perry, Arthur Latham.= N. H., 1830- ----. A professor of history and political economy at Williams College from 1853, and a prominent advocate of free trade. Elements of Political Economy; Introduction to Political Economy; Principles of Political Economy; Origins of Williamstown. Scr.

=Perry, Benjamin Franklin.= S. C., 1805-1886. A lawyer of South Carolina, provisional governor of his State at the close of the Civil War. Reminiscences of Public Men; Sketches of Eminent Statesmen (1887).

=Perry, Bliss.= Ms., 1860- ----. Son of A. L. Perry, supra. Editor of The Atlantic Monthly from 1899, and a professor of English literature at Princeton University, 1893-1900. The Plated City; Salem Kittredge, and Other Stories; The Broughton House; Powers at Play. Ho. Lgs. Scr.

=Perry, Carlotta.= See Perry, Charlotte.

=Perry, Charlotte Augusta.= “Carlotta Perry.” Wis., 1848- ----. A popular verse-writer of Milwaukee. Carlotta Perry’s Poems.

=Perry, Edward Delevan.= N. Y., 1854- ----. A professor of Sanskrit in Columbia College. Indra in the Rigveda; A Sanskrit Primer.

=Perry, Mary Alice.= Ms., 1854-1883. A writer of fiction. Esther Pennefather; More Ways Than One. Har.

=Perry, Nora.= Ms., 1832-1896. A poet and littérateur of Boston. Her verse was popular, and had not unfrequently the genuine poetic ring, while her stories for girls were animated and fresh. Her verse includes, After the Ball, and Other Poems; Her Lover’s Friend, and Other Poems; New Songs and Ballads; Legends and Lyrics. Her prose work comprises, The Tragedy of the Unexpected, and Other Stories; For a Woman, a novel; The Youngest Miss Lorton, and Other Stories; A Book of Love Stories; A Rosebud Garden of Girls; A Flock of Girls and their Friends; A Flock of Girls and Boys; Another Flock of Girls; Three Little Daughters of the Revolution; Hope Benham. Hou. Lit.

=Perry, Rufus Lewis.= Tn., 1833-1895. A Baptist clergyman of African descent, widely known as a linguist. Among his various writings is The Cushite, or the Children of Ham as seen by Ancient Historians and Poets.

=Perry, Thomas Sergeant.= R. I., 1845- ----. An educator of Boston. English Literature in the Eighteenth Century; Life of Lieber; From Opitz to Lessing, a Study of Pseudo-Classicism in Literature; The Evolution of the Snob; History of Greek Literature. Ho. Hou.

=Perry, William Stevens.= R. I., 1832-1898. The second Protestant Episcopal bishop of Iowa, prominent among High Churchmen. The Documentary History of the Protestant Episcopal Church; The History of the American Episcopal Church; Life Lessons from the Book of Proverbs; Some Summer Days Abroad; The General Ecclesiastical Constitution of the American Church; The American Episcopate. Wh.

=Peters, Christian Henry Frederick.= Sd., 1813-1890. A German astronomer, director of the observatory at Hamilton College, 1858-90, who discovered over forty asteroids. Celestial Charts.

=Peters, Edward Dyer.= Ms., 1849- ----. A metallurgist who has published Modern American Methods of Copper Smelting.

=Peters, George Nathaniel Henry.= Pa., 1825- ----. A Lutheran minister of Ohio. The Theocratic Kingdom of Christ.

=Peters, John Charles.= N. Y., 1819-1893. A physician of New York city of note as a bacteriologist. Diseases of the Brain and Nervous System; Diseases of Women; Diseases of the Eye; Notes on Asiatic Cholera; A New Materia Medica, are among his works.

=Peters, Mrs. Phillis [Wheatley].= Sl., 1754-1784. A verse-writer of African birth brought to Boston in childhood as a slave. Poems on Various Occasions, Religious and Moral, appeared in London in 1772, and won a fleeting popularity there, the author being regarded as a prodigy. But there is little in her work that should keep it in remembrance. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America.

=Peters, Samuel Andrew.= Ct., 1735-1826. An Episcopal clergyman of Hartford who published a famous General History of Connecticut by a Gentleman of that Province, a curious satirical production, to which may be traced the well-known fable of the Connecticut Blue Laws. Other works of his include a Life of Rev. Hugh Peters; History of Hebron, Connecticut.

=Peterson, Arthur.= Pa., 1851- ----. Son of H. Peterson, infra. A naval officer who has published Songs of New Sweden.

=Peterson, Charles Jacobs.= Pa., 1818-1887. A Philadelphia publisher and novelist, the founder of Peterson’s Magazine. Kate Aylesford; Cruising in the Last War; Military Heroes of the United States; Grace Dudley, or Arnold at Saratoga; Mabel, or Darkness and Dawn; The Old Stone Mansion, include his principal writings.

=Peterson, Frederick.= Min., 1859- ----. A physician and verse-writer. Poems and Swedish Translations; In the Shade of Ygdrasil (verse).

=Peterson, Mrs. Hannah [Bouvier].= Pa., 1811-1870. First wife of R. E. Peterson, infra. Familiar Astronomy.

=Peterson, Henry.= Pa., 1818-1891. Cousin of C. J. Peterson, supra. A Philadelphia verse-writer, and editor for many years of The Saturday Evening Post. The Modern Job, and Other Poems; Faire-Mount; Bessie’s Lovers; Cæsar, a Dramatic Study.

=Peterson, Robert Evans.= Pa., 1812-1894. Brother of H. Peterson, supra. A Philadelphia writer whose principal work is The Roman Catholic not the Only True Religion. Lip.

=Pettingill, Amos.= N. H., 1780-1830. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Connecticut. View of the Heavens; The Spirit of Methodism. See Memoir of, by Hart, 1832.

=Pettingill, John Hancock.= Vt., 1815-1887. A Congregational clergyman in Ohio, widely known as an earnest believer in conditional immortality. The Theological Trilemma; Platonism versus Christianity; Bible Terminology; Life Everlasting; The Unspeakable Gift; Views and Reviews in Eschatology.

=Peyton, John Lewis.= Va., 1824-1896. A lawyer of Staunton, Virginia, who served as an officer in the Confederate service. Adventures of my Grandfather; History of Augusta County, Virginia; The American Crisis; Over the Alleghanies; Memorials of Nature and Art.

=Phelan, James.= Mi., 1856-1891. A Memphis lawyer and journalist. Philip Massinger and his Plays; History of Tennessee. Hou.

=Phelps, Mrs. Almira [Hart] [Lincoln].= Ct., 1793-1884. A noted educator of Baltimore who published many text-books on the natural sciences. Among her works are, Geology for Beginners; Christian Households; Ida Norman, a tale; Familiar Lectures on Botany; Hours with my Pupils. See Mrs. Hale’s Woman’s Record. Lip.

=Phelps, Austin.= Ms., 1820-1890. A Congregational clergyman of Andover, Massachusetts, professor of sacred rhetoric in the Theological Seminary there, 1848-79. The Still Hour; The New Birth; The Theory of Preaching; English Style in Public Discourse; The Solitude of Christ; Studies of the Old Testament; Men and Books; My Study, and Other Essays; My Portfolio; My Note-Book. See Life by his daughter, Mrs. Ward, 1891. C. P. S. Lo. Scr.

=Phelps, Mrs. Elizabeth [Stuart].= Ms., 1815-1853. Wife of A. Phelps, supra. A writer whose Sunnyside, and A Peep at Number Five, stories descriptive of clerical life, were once widely popular. She wrote, also, Last Sheaf from Sunnyside, and a number of Sunday-school tales, the latter over the signature “H. Trusta.”

=Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart.= Daughter of A. and E. S. Phelps, supra. See Ward, Mrs. Elizabeth.

=Phelps, John Wolcott.= Vt., 1813-1885. Stepson of Mrs. Almira Phelps, supra. A writer of Brattleboro, Vermont, who was an officer in the United States army in the Mexican War and became a brigadier-general of United States volunteers in the Civil War. In 1880 he was the presidential nominee of the American party. Sibylline Leaves; Good Behavior; History of Madagascar; The Fables of Florian in English Verse.

=Phelps, Sylvanus Dryden.= Ct., 1816-1895. A Baptist clergyman of New Haven, and subsequently of Hartford. Eloquence of Nature, and Other Poems; Sunlight and Heartlight, and Other Poems; The Poet’s Song for Heart and Home; Bible Lands; Sermons in the Four Quarters of the Globe.

=Phelps, Thomas Stowell.= Me., 1822-1901. A rear-admiral in the United States navy who retired in 1885. Reminiscences of Washington Territory (1882).

=Phelps, William Lyon.= Ct., 1865- ----. An instructor at Yale University. The Beginnings of the English Romantic Movement. Gi.

=Philbrick, Edward Southwick.= Ms., 1827-1889. A sanitarian who published American Sanitary Engineering, 1881.

=Philbrick, John Dudley.= N. H., 1818-1886. A prominent educator of Boston who published nearly fifty valuable public-school reports, and City School Systems in the United States.

=Philips, Samuel.= Md., 1823- ----. A German Reformed clergyman, professor in Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, from 1866. Gethsemane and the Cross; The Christian Home; The Voice of Blood; The Communion of Saints.

=Phillips, Barnet.= Pa., 1828- ----. A journalist of New York city, on the staff of The Times from 1872. The Struggle, a novel; Burning their Ships.

=Phillips, George.= E., 1593-1644. A Puritan clergyman, minister at Watertown, Massachusetts, from 1630 till his death. He was a noted controversialist of his day, and published a treatise on Infant Baptism.

=Phillips, George Searle.= “January Searle.” E., 1818-1889. A writer and lecturer of Yorkshire, England, who, after some years of literary work in the United States, became, in 1873, an inmate of an insane asylum in New Jersey. Chapters in the History of a Life; Life of Ebenezer Elliott; Memoirs of Wordsworth; The Gypsies of the Dane’s Dyke; Chicago and Her Churches.

=Phillips, Henry.= Pa., 1838-1895. A lawyer of Philadelphia. History of American Colonial Paper Currency; History of American Continental Paper Money; Pleasures of Numismatic Science; Poems from the Spanish and German; Faust, from the German of Chamisso.

=Phillips, Maude Gillette.= Ms., 1860- ----. An educator who has published A Popular Manual of English Literature. Har.

=Phillips, Wendell.= Ms., 1811-1884. A celebrated orator of Boston, a vehement opponent of slavery, and an active champion of labor reform and woman-suffrage. The Constitution a Pro-Slavery Contract; Lectures, Orations, and Letters to 1861; Speeches, Lectures, and Addresses; The Scholar in a Republic. See Lives by G. L. Austin, C. Martyn; Appletons’ American Biography.

=Phillips, Willard.= Ms., 1784-1873. A lawyer of Boston. Treatise on the Law of Insurance; Manual of Political Economy; The Law of Patents; The Inventor’s Guide; Protection and Free Trade. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Phin, John.= S., 1832- ----. A New York publisher of technical journals. Open-Air Grape Culture; Chemical History of the Creation; Practical Treatise on Lightning Rods; How to Use the Microscope; Workshop Companion; Preparation and Use of Cements and Glue; Dictionary of Practical Agriculture; Trade Secrets and Private Recipes; A Pocket Dictionary of Monetary and Coinage Terms.

=Phœnix, John.= See Derby, George.

=Phyfe, William Henry Pinkney.= N. Y., 1855- ----. An author of New York city. How Should I Pronounce? The School Pronouncer; Seven Thousand Words Often Mispronounced; The Test Pronouncer; Five Thousand Words Commonly Misspelled. Put.

=Piatt= [pē-ăt´], =Donn.= O., 1819-1891. A lawyer and journalist of Washington, and during the Civil War a Federal officer. Sunday Meditations; Memories of the Men who Saved the Union; Poems and Plays; Life of General George H. Thomas; The Lone Grave of the Shenandoah (verse). See Life of, by C. G. Miller, 1893. Clke.

=Piatt, John James.= Ind., 1835- ----. Nephew of D. Piatt, supra. A poet who was consul at Cork, 1882-93. He has been a prolific writer of verse, but The Morning Street, one of his earlier poems, still ranks as his finest effort. Landmarks; Western Windows; Poems of House and Home; Idyls and Lyrics of the Ohio Valley; Poems in Sunshine and Firelight; The Lost Farm, and Other Poems; At the Holy Well; A Dream of Church Windows (a revised edition of Poems of House and Home); The Lost Hunting Ground; Little New World Idyls; Poems by Two Friends (with W. D. Howells, supra); The Children Out of Doors; and Nests at Washington (with Mrs. Piatt). His prose is included in Penciled Fly-Leaves; A Return to Paradise. Clke. Hou. Ls.

=Piatt, Mrs. Sarah Morgan [Bryan].= Ky., 1836- ----. Wife of J. J. Piatt, supra. A poet whose range of expression is not very wide, but, within its limits, genuine and original. A Woman’s Poems; A Voyage to the Fortunate Isles, and Other Poems; That New World, and Other Poems; Dramatic Persons and Moods; An Irish Garland; In Primrose Time; The Witch in the Glass; Complete Poems (1894); An Enchanted Castle; Child’s World Ballads. See Wide-Awake Magazine, November, 1876. Clke. Hou. Lgs.

=Picard, George Henry.= O., 1850- ----. A physician and novelist of New York city. A Matter of Taste; A Mission Flower; Old Boniface.

=Pick, Bernhard.= P., 1842- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of Pennsylvania, prior to 1884 a Presbyterian minister. Luther as a Hymnist; Historical Sketch of the Jews; Life of Christ according to Extra-Canonical Sources; Index to the Ante-Nicene Fathers; The Talmud: What It Is.

=Pickard, Samuel Thomas.= Ms., 1828- ----. A writer who for many years edited the Portland (Maine) Transcript. Life and Letters of John Greenleaf Whittier. Hou.

=Pickering, Charles.= Pa., 1805-1878. A grandson of Timothy Pickering, the noted statesman. A naturalist of eminence. Races of Men and their Geographical Distribution; Geographical Distribution of Animals and Men; Chronological History of Plants. _See Allibone’s Dictionary._

=Pickering, Edward Charles.= Ms., 1846- ----. Son of C. Pickering, supra. The director of Harvard Observatory at Cambridge, and author of Elements of Physical Manipulation. Hou.

=Pickering, Henry.= N. Y., 1781-1838. The third son of the statesman, Timothy Pickering. A verse-writer of New York who published Ruins of Pæstum; Athens, and Other Poems; The Buckwheat Cake.

=Pickering, John.= Ms., 1777-1846. The eldest son of Timothy Pickering. A lawyer of Boston and a linguist of eminence. Greek and English Lexicon; Collection of Words and Phrases Supposed to be Peculiar to the United States; Remarks on the Indian Languages of North America. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

=Pickering, Octavius.= Pa., 1791-1868. Brother of J. Pickering, supra. A Boston lawyer who published Reports of Cases in the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, 1822-40; and Life of Timothy Pickering (completed by Upham).

=Pickering, William Henry.= Ms., 1858- ----. Son of C. Pickering, supra. An astronomer, professor in Harvard University from 1887. Walking Guide to the White Mountain Range.

=Pickett, Albert James.= N. C., 1810-1858. A writer of Montgomery, Alabama, who published a History of Alabama.

=Pierce, Edward Lillie.= Ms., 1829-1897. A prominent Boston lawyer. American Railroad Law; Life of Charles Sumner; The Law of Railroads; Enfranchisement and Citizenship. Lit. Rob.

=Pierce, Frederick Clifton.= Ms., 1856- ----. An Illinois writer who has written town histories of Barre and Grafton, Massachusetts, and of Rockford, Illinois; The Harwood Genealogy; Pierce History and Genealogy; Peirce History and Genealogy; Pearse and Pearce Genealogy.

=Pierce, Henry Niles.= R. I., 1820-1899. The fourth Protestant Episcopal bishop of Arkansas, consecrated in 1870. The Agnostic, and Other Poems. Wh.

=Pierpont, John.= Ct., 1785-1866. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Hollis Street Church, 1819-45. He wrote a volume of sacred verse, Airs of Palestine, and a number of domestic lyrics, which were very popular, Passing Away being the best known of any. He compiled several school readers, the most noted of which was The American First-Class Book. See Atlantic Monthly, December, 1866. Lip.

=Pierrepont, Edward Willoughby.= N. Y., 1860-1885. A chargé d’affaires at Rome at the time of his death. From Fifth Avenue to Alaska.

=Pierson, Arthur Tappan.= N. Y., 1837- ----. A Congregational clergyman of note. Acts of the Holy Spirit; Many Infallible Proofs; The Crisis of Missions; The Miracles of Missions; The Divine Art of Preaching; The Heart of the Gospel; Keys to the Word; Lessons on Prayer, comprise his more important works. Fu. Ran. Rev.

=Pierson, Mrs. Cornelia [Tuthill].= Ct., 1820-1870. Daughter of Mrs. Tuthill, infra. Our Little Comfort; Wreaths and Blossoms for the Church; When are we Happiest?; The Belle, the Blue, and the Bigot, are among her works.

=Pierson, Hamilton Wilcox.= N. Y., 1817-1887. A Presbyterian clergyman in Kentucky. Thomas Jefferson at Monticello; In the Brush, or Old-Time Social, Political, and Religious Life in the Southwest. Ap.

=Pike, Albert.= Ms., 1809-1891. A lawyer and journalist of Little Rock, Memphis, and Washington successively, who served as an officer in the Confederate army. His writings include, Hymns to the Gods; Prose Sketches and Poems; Nugæ, a collection of Poems; Arkansas Supreme Court Reports, 1840-45. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Pike, James Shepherd.= Me., 1811-1882. A journalist of New York city who was minister to the Netherlands, 1861-66. A Prostrate State; The Restoration of the Currency; The Financial Crisis; Horace Greeley in 1872; The First Blows of the Civil War; The New Puritan: New England Two Hundred Years Ago. Har.

=Pike, Mrs. Mary Hayden [Green].= Me., 1825- ----. A once popular novelist. Ida May; Caste; Agnes; Bond and Free.

=Pilcher, Elijah Homes.= O., 1810-1887. A Methodist clergyman of Michigan who wrote a History of Protestantism in Michigan.

=Pilling, James Constantine.= D. C., 1840-1895. An ethnologist of distinction in the government service, among whose writings are Bibliographies of the Languages of the North American Indians, of the Eskimoan Languages, of the Siouan, of the Iroquoian, and others.

=Pillsbury, Parker.= Ms., 1809-1898. A noted anti-slavery agitator. Acts of the Anti-Slavery Apostles.

=Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth.= S. C., 1812-1898. An Episcopal clergyman of Charleston. Life of General Thomas Pinckney. Hou.

=Pindar, Susan.= N. Y., c. 1820-1892. Susan Pindar’s Story Books; Legends of the Flowers.

=Pinkerton, Allan.= S., 1819-1884. A Chartist who came to America in 1842 and settled in Chicago, where he founded a famous detective agency. Among his many detective stories are, The Molly Maguires and the Detectives; Criminal Reminiscences; The Spy of the Rebellion; Thirty Years a Detective; Railroad Forgers and the Detectives.

=Pinkney, Edward Coate.= E., 1802-1828. A lyric poet of Baltimore who published his Poems in 1825. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Piper, Richard Upton.= N. H., 1818- ----. A Chicago physician. Operative Surgery; The Trees of America.

=Pise= [pize], Charles Constantine. Md., 1802-1866. A once prominent Roman Catholic clergyman of Brooklyn. History of the Church to the Reformation; The Acts of the Apostles in Blank Verse; Father Rowland; Indian Cottage, a Unitarian Story; The Pleasures of Religion, and Other Poems; Horæ Vagabundæ; Alethia; Zenosius; Letters to Ada; Lives of St. Ignatius and his First Companions; Notes on a Protestant Catechism; Christianity and the Church.

=Pitkin, Timothy.= Ct., 1766-1847. A lawyer and politician of Connecticut, prominent as a Federalist congressman. A Statistical View of the Commerce of the United States; Political and Civil History of the United States, 1763-1847.

=Pitman, Benn.= E., 1822- ----. A stenographer of Cincinnati, and in his later years an art instructor of the school of design at the University of Cincinnati. The Reporter’s Companion; Manual of Phonography; Phonographic Dictionary (with J. B. Howard).

=Pitman, Mrs. Marie J---- [Davis].= N. Y., 1850-1888. A journalist and correspondent of Boston who published European Breezes and a number of juvenile stories.

=Pittenger, William.= O., 1840- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Philadelphia, a Federal soldier during the Civil War. Daring and Suffering; Oratory, Sacred and Secular; Extempore Speech.

=Pitzer, Alexander White.= Va., 1834- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of Washington, professor of biblical literature in Howard University from 1875. Ecce Deus Homo; Christ the Teacher of Men; The New Life and Not the Higher Life.

=Platt, Franklin.= Pa., 1844-1900. A Pennsylvania geologist, president of the Rochester and Pittsburg Coal Company from 1881. Coke Manufacturing; Waste in Mining Anthracite, and other volumes of geological reports.

=Platt, William Henry.= N. Y., 1821-1898. An Episcopal clergyman of Rochester, New York, and more recently of Petersburg, Virginia. Influence of Religion in the Development of Jurisprudence; After Death--What?; God Out and Man In; The Philosophy of the Supernatural.

=Pleasanton, Augustus James.= D. C., 1808-1894. An army officer prominent for a short time as the author of a work on the Influence of the Blue Ray in Developing Animal and Vegetable Life.

=Plumer= [plŭm´er], =William.= N. H., 1789-1854. A New Hampshire lawyer who was an active congressional opponent of slavery. Lyra Sacra; A Pastoral on the Story of Ruth.

=Plumer, William Swan.= Pa., 1802-1880. A Presbyterian clergyman of extreme Calvinistic views, professor of theology in the Theological Seminary at Columbia, South Carolina, 1856-80. His principal writings include, Pastoral Theology; Jehovah-jireh; Studies in the Book of Psalms; The Book of Our Salvation; Words of Truth and Love; The Saint and the Sinner; Vital Godliness; Commentary on Romans; A Word to the Weary. Har. Lip. Ran.

=Plympton, George Washington.= Ms., 1827- ----. A civil engineer of note, editor of Van Nostrand’s Engineering Magazine, 1870-86. The Blowpipe; The Starfinder; The Aneroid.

=Poe, Edgar Allan.= Ms., 1809-1849. A poet and romancer who is pronounced by some critics the foremost of American poets so far as melody and technique are concerned. He was born in Boston, his parents being actors then playing in that city, and, left an orphan at an early age, was adopted and educated by Mr. Allan, a Virginia merchant. At nineteen he published his first volume, Tamerlane, and Other Poems. He led a wandering, dissipated life, editing at various times Graham’s Magazine, The Southern Literary Messenger, and other periodicals, and died of delirium tremens in Baltimore. He criticized the work of his contemporaries with severity, yet in the main with justice, but in so doing raised up a host of literary enemies. Among his prose tales, The Gold Bug; The Fall of the House of Usher; Ligeia, are especially characteristic of his genius, while such poems as The Bells, The Raven, Annabel Lee, display wonderful melody and perfect mastery of metre. Beside Tamerlane, his writings include, The Conchologist’s First Book; Eureka, a Prose Poem; The Raven, and Other Poems; Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque; The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym. The best edition of Poe is that edited by E. C. Stedman and G. E. Woodberry, in ten volumes (1895). See Lives by Stoddard, Didier, Ingram, Woodberry; Fortnightly Review, July, 1880; Poe and his Critics by Mrs. Whitman; Stedman’s Poets of America. Co. Cr. Har. Kt. Lip. Mac. Sto.

=Poinsett, Joel Roberts.= S. C., 1779-1851. A South Carolina statesman, sent on a special mission to Mexico in 1822, minister to that country 1825-29, and secretary of war under President Van Buren. He was a botanist of some note, the genus Poinsettia having been named in his honour. Notes on Mexico, made in 1822.

=Pollard, Edward Albert.= Va., 1828-1872. A once noted journalist of Richmond, Virginia, and an active opponent of the policy of Jefferson Davis during the Civil War. Black Diamonds; Letters of the Southern Spy; Southern History of the War; Observations in the North; The Lost Cause; The Lost Cause Regained; Lee and his Lieutenants; Life of Jefferson Davis, with the Secret History of the Confederacy; The Virginia Tourist. Lip.

=Pollard, Josephine.= N. Y., 1834-1892. A littérateur of New York city, whose work was mainly intended for juvenile readers. The Gypsy Books; A Piece of Silver; Elfin Land; Vagrant Verses; Songs of Bird Life; The Decorative Sisters; The Boston Tea Party; Gellivor, a Christmas Legend. Meth. Ran.

=Pomeroy, Brick.= See Pomeroy, Marcus.

=Pomeroy, John Norton.= N. Y., 1828-1885. A lawyer of Rochester, New York, but subsequently professor of law in the University of California, 1878-85. Introduction to Municipal Law; Remedies and Remedial Rights; Specific Performance of Contract; Equity Jurisprudence; Riparian Rights; Introduction to United States Constitutional Law; Lectures on International Law in Time of Peace. Hou. Lit.

=Pomeroy, Marcus Mills.= “Brick Pomeroy.” N. Y., 1833-1896. A journalist successively of La Crosse, Wisconsin, New York city (where he established Brick Pomeroy’s Democrat), and Chicago. Sense; Nonsense; Gold Dust; Brick Dust; Our Saturday Nights; Home Harmonies; Perpetual Money.

=Pond, Enoch.= Ms., 1791-1882. A Congregational clergyman, professor in the Theological Seminary at Bangor, Maine, from 1832, and its president from 1856. Text-Book of Ecclesiastical History; Pastoral Theology; Memoir of Zinzendorf; Life of Increase Mather; Plato: his Life, Works, Opinions, and Influence; Christian Theology; History of God’s Church, are among his works. See Autobiography; Bibliography of Maine. C. P. S.

=Pond, Frederick Eugene.= “Will Wildwood.” Wis., 1856- ----. A sporting writer and editor of Chicago. Hand-book for Young Sportsmen; Memoirs of Eminent Sportsmen; Gun Trial and Field Records of America.

=Pond, George Edward.= Ms., 1837-1899. A journalist of New York and Philadelphia, editor of The Army and Navy Journal. The Shenandoah Valley in 1864. Scr.

=Pond, Samuel William.= Ct., 1808-1891. A Congregational missionary to the Indians in Minnesota. History of Joseph in the Dakota Language; Wowapi Inonpa, the Second Dakota Reading Book.

=Pool, Maria Louise.= Ms., 1845-1898. A novelist of Rockland, Massachusetts, for many years a writer for the New York Tribune. In Buncombe County; A Vacation in a Buggy; Tenting at Stony Beach; Dolly; Roweny in Boston; Mrs. Keats Bradford; Out of Step; The Two Salomes; Katharine North; Mrs. Gerald; Against Human Nature; In a Dike Shanty; In the First Person; Boss and Other Dogs. Har. Hou. S. St.

=Poole, Herman.= Ms., 1849- ----. A chemist and metallurgist. Geometry in Ten Lessons; Calorific Power of Fuels.

=Poole, Mrs. Hester Martha [Hunt].= Vt., 1843- ----. A writer living at Metuchen, New Jersey, who has written much for periodicals on social and domestic topics. Fruits and How to Use Them.

=Poole, William Frederick.= Ms., 1821-1894. A bibliographer of Chicago, librarian of the Public Library there, 1874-87, and, from the latter date, of the Newberry Library, Chicago; best known as compiler (with W. I. Fletcher) of Poole’s Index to Periodical Literature. Two supplementary volumes carry the work forward to January, 1892. Other works of his are, Anti-Slavery Opinions before 1800; The Battle of the Dictionaries; Websterian Orthography; Cotton Mather and Salem Witchcraft. Clke. Hou.

=Poore, Benjamin Perley.= Ms., 1820-1887. A once well-known journalist of Washington. Campaign Life of Zachary Taylor; Early Life of Napoleon; Rise and Fall of Louis Philippe; Agricultural History of Essex County, Massachusetts; Life of Burnside; Political Register and Congressional Directory, 1776-1878; Perley’s Reminiscences of Sixty Years. Hou.

=Pope, Franklin Leonard.= Ms., 1840-1895. An electrical engineer of New York city. Modern Practice of the Electric Telegraph; Life and Work of Joseph Henry, supra.

=Pope, John.= Ky., 1822-1892. A prominent general in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Virginia Campaign of July and August, 1862.

=Pope, Mrs. Marion [Manville].= Wis., 1859- ----. A verse-writer whose home in recent years has been in Valparaiso, Chili. Over the Divide, and Other Verses. Lip.

=Porcher, Francis Peyre.= S. C., 1825-1895. A physician and botanist of Charleston. Sketch of the Medical Botany of South Carolina; Resources of the Southern Fields and Forests, are among his writings.

=Porter, Benjamin Fickling.= S. C., 1808- ----. A lawyer of Alabama. Alabama Supreme Court Reports; Offices of Executors and Administrators.

=Porter, Charles Talbot.= N. Y., 1826- ----. A mechanical engineer of prominence. Mechanics and Faith, a Study of the Spiritual Truths in Nature.

=Porter, David.= Ms., 1780-1843. A once noted commodore in the United States navy. Journal of a Cruise to the Pacific Ocean in 1812-15; Constantinople and its Environs. See Life of, by his son.

=Porter, David Dixon.= Pa., 1813-1891. Son of D. Porter, supra. An admiral of the Federal navy who commanded the fleet at the storming of Fort Fisher, and amused his latest years by the composition of sensational romances. Life of Commodore Porter, supra; Allan Dare and Robert le Diable; Adventures of Harry Marline; Arthur Merton, a romance; Incidents and Anecdotes of the Civil War; History of the Navy in the War of the Rebellion. Ap.

=Porter, Ebenezer.= Ct., 1772-1834. A Congregational clergyman and educator, of contemporary renown as a preacher. He was professor of sacred rhetoric at Andover Theological Seminary, 1812-32, and president of that institution from 1827 till his death. Among his publications are, The Young Preacher’s Manual; A Rhetorical Reader, which reached its 300th edition; Lectures on Homiletics; Lectures on Eloquence and Style. See Memoir of, by Matthews, 1837.

=Porter, Fitz-John.= N. H., 1822-1901. A brevet brigadier-general dismissed from the service in 1863, reinstated by act of Congress, 1886. Narrative of the Services of the Fifth Army Corps in 1862 in Northern Virginia.

=Porter, James.= Ms., 1800-1888. A once prominent Methodist clergyman of Boston. History of Methodism; The Winning Worker; Hints to Self-Educated Ministers; Compendium of Methodism, comprise a portion of his writings. Meth.

=Porter, John Addison.= N. Y., 1822-1866. A professor of chemistry at Yale College, 1852-64. Principles of Chemistry; First Book of Chemistry.

=Porter, John Addison.= Ct., 1856-1900. Son of J. A. Porter, supra. The Corporation of Yale College; Administration of the City of Washington; Sketches of Yale Life.

=Porter, Linn Boyd.= “Albert Ross.” Ms., 1851- ----. A novelist of Cambridge whose writings have been extremely popular, although severely criticised from a literary point of view as well as from an ethical standpoint. Among them are, Thou Shalt Not; Speaking of Ellen; A Black Adonis; Out of Wedlock. Dil.

=Porter, Mrs. Lydia Ann [Emerson].= Ms., 1816- ----. Cousin of R. W. Emerson, supra. An educator of Springfield, Vermont. Uncle Jerry’s Letters to Young Mothers; The Lost Will, are among her writings.

=Porter, Noah.= Ct., 1811-1892. A Congregational clergyman of Connecticut, president of Yale College, 1871-85, and a metaphysician of distinction. The Human Intellect; Books and Reading; Elements of Intellectual Science; Elements of Moral Science; The American Colleges and the American Public; Science and Sentiment; Bishop Berkeley; Fifteen Years in Yale College Chapel, a volume of sermons; The Science of Nature and the Science of Man. Scr.

=Porter, Rose.= N. Y., 1845- ----. An author of New Haven who has written and compiled a large number of religious books. Among her original works are, Summer Driftwood for the Winter Fire; A Modern St. Christopher; Our Saints, a Family Story; My Son’s Wife. Lo. Ran. Rev.

=Porter, Thomas Conrad.= Pa., 1822-1901. A German Reformed clergyman famous as a botanist, and professor of botany at Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, from 1866. Sketch of the Flora of Pennsylvania; Sketch of the Botany of the United States; Synopsis of the Flora of Colorado (with J. M. Coulter); The Carices of Pennsylvania; The Grasses of Pennsylvania.

=Posse, Nils.= Baron Posse. Sn., 1862-1895. A Boston instructor in gymnastics. Special Kinesiology of Educational Gymnastics; Medical Gymnastics; Scientific Aspect of Swedish Gymnastics. Le.

=Post, Truman Marcellus.= Vt., 1810-1866. A Congregational clergyman and editor of St. Louis, professor of history in Washington University. The Skeptical Era in Modern History. See Life of, by T. H. Post.

=Post, Waldron Kintzing.= N. Y., 1868- ----. A lawyer of New York city. Harvard Stories. Put.

=Potter, Alonzo.= N. Y., 1800-1865. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania and an active promoter of educational movements. The Principles of Science Applied to Domestic and Mechanic Arts; Religious Philosophy; Political Economy; co-author with G. B. Emerson, supra, of The School and the Schoolmaster. See Memoirs of, 1870.

=Potter, Burton Willis.= N. Y., 1843- ----. A lawyer of Worcester, Massachusetts. The Road and Roadside, a legal treatise. Lit.

=Potter, Eliphalet Nott.= N. Y., 1836-1901. Son of A. Potter, supra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president of Hobart College, Geneva, New York, 1884-96. Parochial Sermons; Christian Evidences.

=Potter, Henry Codman.= N. Y., 1835- ----. Son of A. Potter, supra. The sixth Protestant Episcopal bishop of New York, and prominent among Broad Church thinkers. Sermons of the City; The Gates of the East; a Winter in Egypt and Syria; Sisterhoods and Deaconesses; Waymarks. Dut.

=Potter, Platt.= N. Y., 1800-1891. A jurist of Schenectady. Potter’s Dwarris; Treatise on Corporations; Equity Jurisprudence.

=Potter, William James.= Ms., 1830-1894. A Unitarian clergyman of New Bedford for many years, prominent as a radical thinker. Twenty-Five Sermons of Twenty-Five Years; Lectures and Sermons. El.

=Potts, James Henry.= Ont., 1848- ----. A Methodist clergyman, editor of The Michigan Christian Advocate from 1877. Methodism in the Field; Golden Dawn; Spiritual Life; Our Thorns and Crowns; Faith Made Easy.

=Potts, Stacey Gardner.= Pa., 1799-1865. A jurist of Trenton, New Jersey. Village Tales; Precedents and Notes of Practice in the New Jersey Chancery Court.

=Powell, Edward Payson.= N. Y., 1833- ----. A clergyman who has held pastorates in Congregational and Unitarian churches successively, and has long been resident in Clinton, New York. Our Heredity from God; Liberty and Life. Ap.

=Powell, John Wesley.= N. Y., 1834-1902. An eminent geologist, director of the United States Geological Survey, 1879-94. Exploration of the Uinta Mountains; The Arid Regions of the United States; Introduction to the Study of the Indian Languages; Studies in Sociology; Canyons of the Colorado. Am. Fl.

=Powell, Thomas.= E., 1809-1887. An English writer who came to America in 1849, and was for many years connected with the Frank Leslie publications. He wrote a number of plays, among which are, True at Last; The Shepherd’s Well. Other works of his are, Florentine Tales; Tales from Boccaccio; Living Authors of England; Living Authors of America.

=Powers, Edward.= N. Y., 1830- ----. Brother of H. N. Powers, infra. A civil engineer who published a work entitled War and the Weather, or the Artificial Production of Rain.

=Powers, Horatio Nelson.= N. Y., 1826-1890. An Episcopal clergyman of Chicago, Bridgeport, and, in his latest years, of Piermont, New York, who was favourably known as a poet. His writings include, Early and Late; Poems; Ten Years of Song; Lyrics of the Hudson; Through the Year, a volume of religious essays. Lo. Rob.

=Poyas, Catherine Gendron.= S. C., 1813-1882. A verse-writer of Charleston. Huguenot Daughters, and Other Verses; A Year of Grief.

=Pratt, Daniel Johnson.= N. Y., 1827-1884. Annals of Public Education in the State of New York, 1626-1746.

=Pratt, Mrs. Ella [Farman].= N. Y., 18-- - ----. A popular writer for young people, long the editor of The Wide Awake, and more recently of Our Little Men and Women. Among her writings are, Good-for-Nothing Polly; A Girl’s Money; A Little Woman; A White Hand; Happy Children. Cr. Lo.

=Pratt, Jacob Loring.= 1835-1891. A clergyman of Maine. Evening Rest; Branches of Palm; Broken Fetters; The Mask Lifted; Bonnie Aerie; Mecca; The Crown of Silver. Lo.

=Pratt, Orson.= N. Y., 1811-1881. A Mormon apostle and educator, professor of mathematics in Deseret University. Divine Authenticity of the Book of Mormon; Cubic and Bi-Quadratic Equations; The Great First Cause; The Absurdities of Immaterialism.

=Pratt, Parley Parker.= N. Y., 1807-1857. Brother of O. Pratt, supra. A Mormon apostle and missionary. Voice of Warning and Instruction to All People; History of the Persecutions of Missouri; Key to the Science of Theology.

=Pratt, Samuel Wheeler.= N. Y., 1838- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman at Monroe, Michigan, from 1883. A Summer at Peace Cottage, or Talks About Home Life; The Gospel of the Holy Spirit; Life of St. Paul. Ran.

=Pray, Isaac Clark.= Ms., 1813-1869. A journalist, playwright, and theatrical manager of New York city. Prose and Verse; The Book of the Drama; Memoirs of James Gordon Bennett, are among his miscellaneous works. Virginius; Hermit of Malta; Giulietta Gordoni, and the first and last acts of The Corsican Brothers, are a portion of his dramatic writings.

=Pray, Lewis Glover.= Ms., 1793-1882. A Boston philanthropist who published Child’s First Book of Thought; History of Sunday-Schools; The Sylphid’s School, and Other Pieces in Verse.

=Preble, George Henry.= Me., 1816-1885. A rear-admiral in the United States navy. History of the American Flag; Chronological History of Steam Navigation; The Preble Family in America.

=Preble, Henry.= Me., 1853- ----. An educator who was professor of Latin at Harvard University. He has edited a revised edition of Andrews and Stoddard’s Latin Grammar, and several volumes of Latin classics, and has published (with C. Parker) a Handbook of Latin Writing; and Latin Lessons (with L. C. Hull). Gi. Hou.

=Prentice, George.= Ms., 1834-18--. A Methodist clergyman, professor of modern languages at Wesleyan University. Life of Bishop Gilbert Haven, supra; Rome and Italy at the Opening of the Œcumenical Council, from the French of Pressensé; Life of Wilbur Fisk, supra. Hou.

=Prentice, George Denison.= Ct., 1802-1870. A once famous Kentucky journalist who was editor of The Louisville Journal, 1831-70, and widely known for his witticisms. Life of Henry Clay; Prenticeana. See Poems, with Memoir of, by J. J. Piatt; Lippincott’s Magazine, November, 1869; Harper’s Magazine, January, 1875. Clke.

=Prentiss, Charles.= Ms., 1774-1820. A journalist of Washington. Fugitive Essays in Prose and Verse; Poems; History of the United States; Trial of Calvin and Hopkins; Lives of Robert Treat Paine and General William Eaton.

=Prentiss, Mrs. Elizabeth [Payson].= Me., 1818-1878. Wife of G. L. Prentiss, infra. A popular writer of religious fiction whose Stepping Heavenward has been widely read. Among her many other works are, Pemaquid; The Home at Graylock; Aunt Jane’s Hero; The Flower of the Family; Little Susy Series; Fred, Maria, and Me. See Life by her husband. Ran. Scr.

=Prentiss, George Lewis.= Me., 1816-1903. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, professor of pastoral theology in Union Seminary from 1873. Memoir of Sargent Prentiss; Life of Elizabeth Prentiss, supra; Our National Bane; The Problem of the Veto Power; The Argument between Union Seminary and the General Assembly; Fifty Years of Union Seminary. Ran.

=Prescott, Albert Benjamin.= N. Y., 1832- ----. A chemist who has been dean of the school of pharmacy at Michigan University from 1876. Outlines of Proximate Organic Analysis; Chemical Examination of Alcoholic Liquors; Organic Analysis; Qualitative Analysis (with S. Douglas).

=Prescott, George Benjamin.= N. H., 1830-1894. A prominent electrician of New York city. History of the Electric Telegraph; Dynamo Electricity; Invention of Bell’s Telephone, are his principal writings.

=Prescott, Mary Newmarch.= Me., 1849-1888. Sister of Mrs. H. Spofford, infra. A popular magazine-writer of Newburyport who published Matt’s Follies, a juvenile tale.

=Prescott, William Hickling.= Ms., 1796-1859. A celebrated historian of Boston. While a student at Harvard College, he lost the use of one eye and not long afterwards the free use of the other, and, until in later life his eyesight improved, he was obliged to depend upon the reading of others in his historical researches. In 1837 his History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella appeared and brought him instant fame. It was followed by The Conquest of Mexico; The Conquest of Peru; an edition of Robertson’s Charles V., with Prescott’s own work on the cloister life of that monarch; History of Philip II.; Biographical and Critical Miscellanies. See Lives by R. Ogden (1904) and Ticknor, infra; Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

=Preston, Harriet Waters.= Ms., c. 1843- ----. A high authority upon Provençal literature and a writer of literary criticism and historical studies who has lived much in Europe. Her writings include, Aspendale; Love in the Nineteenth Century; Troubadours and Trouvères; A Year in Eden; Is That All? a novel; The Georgics of Virgil in English Verse; and a translation from the Provençal of Frédéric Mistral’s Mirèio.

=Preston, Mrs. Margaret [Junkin].= Va., 1820-1897. A poet and prose-writer of Lexington, Virginia, and later of Baltimore. Old Song and New; Beechenbrook, a Rhyme of the War; Colonial Ballads, Sonnets, and Other Verse; For Love’s Sake; The Young Ruler’s Question; Silverwood, a novel; A Handful of Monographs. Hou.

=Preston, Thomas Scott.= Ct., 1824-1891. A Roman Catholic clergyman, but prior to 1849 in orders in the Episcopal Church. From 1881 he was a domestic prelate of the papal household with the title of Monsignore. Protestantism and the Bible; Reason and Revelation; Christ and the Church; The Ark of the Covenant; Sermons for the Seasons; Life of St. Mary Magdalene; Life of St. Vincent de Paul; Christian Unity; Purgatorian Manual.

=Price, Bruce.= N. Y., 1845-1903. An architect of New York city. A Large Country House.

=Price, Eli Kirk.= Pa., 1797-1884. A Philadelphia lawyer of eminence. Law of Limitations and Liens against Real Estate. See Memoir of, by Rothrock, 1880.

=Price, Ira Maurice.= O., 1856- ----. An educator of Chicago, professor of Semitic languages in the University of Chicago from 1892. Syllabus of Old Testament History. Rev.

=Price, Thomas Randolph.= Va., 1839-1903. A professor of English literature at Columbia College from 1882. The Teaching of the Mother Tongue; Shakespeare’s Verse Construction.

=Priest, Josiah.= N. Y., c. 1790-c. 1850. A harness-maker of New York State, some of whose books were very popular. Wonders of Nature; View of the Millennium; Stories of the Revolution; American Antiquities; Slavery in the Light of History and Scripture.

=Prime, Benjamin Young.= L. I., 1733-1791. A physician of Huntington, Long Island, who wrote patriotic verses during the Revolutionary period. The Patriot Muse, published in 1764, includes his earlier poems. Columbia’s Glory, or British Pride Humbled, is a long poem printed in 1791.

=Prime, Edward Dorr Griffin.= N. Y., 1814-1891. Son of N. S. Prime, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman who was one of the editors of The New York Observer, to which he contributed the Letters of Eusebius. Around the World; Forty Years in the Turkish Empire, or Memoirs of Reverend William Goodell.

=Prime, Nathaniel Scudder.= L. I., 1785-1856. Son of B. Y. Prime, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman of Newburgh, New York. Familiar Illustration of Christian Baptism; History of Long Island.

=Prime, Samuel Irenæus.= N. Y., 1812-1885. Son of N. S. Prime, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman, editor of The New York Observer for forty-five years. Among his many works are, Fifteen Years of Prayer; Irenæus Letters; The Old White Meeting-House; Life in New York; Annals of the English Bible; Songs of the Soul; Life of S. B. F. Morse, supra; Prayer and its Answer; Walking with God; Travels in Europe and the East; The Bible in the Levant; The Alhambra and the Kremlin; Under the Trees. See Autobiography, 1886. Ap. Har. Ran. Scr.

=Prime, William Cowper.= N. Y., 1825- ----. Son of N. S. Prime, supra. A lawyer and journalist, professor of the history of art at Princeton College from 1884. Boat Life in Egypt; Tent Life in the Holy Land; Pottery and Porcelain; The Owl Creek Letters; Coins, Medals, and Seals; I Go A-Fishing; Holy Cross; Along New England Roads; Among the Northern Hills. Har. Ran.

=Prince, Mrs. Helen Choate [Pratt].= Ms., 1857- ----. A granddaughter of R. Choate, supra. A novelist now living in France. The Story of Christine Rochefort; A Transatlantic Chatelaine; The Strongest Master. Hou.

=Prince, Le Baron Bradford.= L. I., 1840- ----. Son of W. R. Prince, infra. A jurist of New Mexico. Agricultural History of Queen’s County, Long Island; E Pluribus Unum, or American Nationality; General Laws of New Mexico; History of New Mexico; The American Church and its Name.

=Prince, Thomas.= Ms., 1687-1758. A Congregational minister, pastor of the Old South Church in Boston, 1718-58, and one of the most fair-minded, accurate historical writers that America has had. His library now forms a separate collection in the Boston Public Library. Earthquakes of New England (1755); Chronological History of New England. See Tyler’s American Literature; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Prince, William.= L. I., 1766-1842. A horticulturist of Flushing, Long Island, whose Treatise on Horticulture (1826) was the first comprehensive work on the subject published in the United States.

=Prince, William Robert.= L. I., 1795-1869. Son of W. Prince, supra. A horticulturist of Flushing. History of the Vine (with W. Prince); Pomological Manual; Manual of Roses.

=Proctor, Edna Dean.= N. H., 1838- ----. A littérateur formerly of Brooklyn, New York, now (1904) of South Framingham, Massachusetts. Poems; A Russian Journey; The Song of the Ancient People. Hou.

=Proctor, Lucien Brock.= N. H., 1826-1900. A legal writer of Albany. The Bench and Bar of the State of New York; Lives of the State Chancellors; Life of Thomas Emmet; Lawyer and Client; Bench and Bar of King’s County; Legal History of Albany and Schenectady Counties.

=Proudfit, Alexander Moncrief.= Pa., 1770-1843. An Associate Reformed Presbyterian clergyman. Discourses on the Parables; Theological Works (four volumes, 1815). See Life of, by Forsyth.

=Proudfit, David Law.= “Peleg Arkwright.” N. Y., 1842-1897. A Federal officer during the Civil War, and subsequently a resident of New York city. Love Among the Gamins, and Other Poems; Mask and Domino (verse). Co.

=Proudfit, John Williams.= N. Y., 1803-1870. Son of A. M. Proudfit, supra. A Dutch Reformed clergyman, professor of Greek in Rutgers College, 1840-64. Man’s Two-Fold Life.

=Prudden, Theophile Mitchell.= Ct., 1849- ----. A New York physician, professor of pathology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Manual of Normal Histology (with Delafield); Dust and its Dangers; Water and Ice; Handbook of Pathological Anatomy; Story of the Bacteria. Put.

=Pugh= [pew], =Mrs. Eliza Lofton [Phillips].= “Arria.” La., 1841- ----. A novelist of Assumption Parish, Louisiana. Not a Hero; In a Crucible.

=Pulte, Joseph Hippolyt.= G., 1811-1884. A physician of Cleveland. The Homœopathic Domestic Physician; The Science of Medicine; The Woman’s Medical Guide.

=Pumpelly= [pum-pĕl´ly], =Mrs. Mary Hollenback [Welles].= Pa., 1803-1879. A verse-writer whose religious historical Poems were collected in a volume in 1852.

=Pumpelly, Raphael.= N. Y., 1837- ----. Son of Mrs. Pumpelly, supra. A geologist of note, professor of mining engineering at Harvard University from 1866. Geological Researches in China; Across America and Asia; Notes of a Five-Years’ Journey Around the World. Ho.

=Punchard, George.= Ms., 1806-1881. A Boston journalist, for many years editor of The Traveller, but who, prior to 1845, was a Congregational clergyman in New Hampshire. History of Congregationalism from A. D. 250; View of Congregationalism. C. P. S.

=Purinton, Daniel Boardman.= Pa., 1850- ----. A Baptist clergyman and educator of Ohio, president of Denison University from 1889. Christian Theism; The Battle of the Frogs, a poem. Put.

=Purple, Samuel Smith.= N. Y., 1822-1900. A physician of New York city. The Corpus Luteum; Menstruation; Contributions to the Practice of Midwifery; Observations on Wounds of the Heart.

=Purves, George Tybout.= Pa., 1852-1901. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of New Testament literature at Princeton College from 1892. The testimony of Justin Martyr to Early Christianity. Ran.

=Putnam, Albigence Waldo.= O., 1799-1869. A lawyer of Nashville; History of Middle Tennessee; Life and Times of General James Robertson; Life of General John Sevier.

=Putnam, Eleanor.= See Bates, Mrs. H.

=Putnam, George Haven.= E., 1844- ----. Son of G. P. Putnam, infra. A prominent publisher of New York city. Authors and Publishers; International Copyright; Authors and their Public in Ancient Times. Put.

=Putnam, George Palmer.= Me., 1814-1872. A well-known publisher of New York city, the founder of the present publishing house of G. P. Putnam’s Sons. The Tourist in Europe; American Facts; The World’s Progress. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Put.

=Putnam, Mrs. Katharine Hunt [Palmer].= Ms., 1792-1869. A Boston writer. Scripture Text Book; The Old Testament Unveiled.

=Putnam, James Osborne.= N. Y., 1818-1903. A Buffalo lawyer who was minister to Belgium in 1880. Addresses, Speeches, and Miscellanies.

=Putnam, Mrs. Mary [Lowell].= Ms., 1810-1898. Sister of J. R. Lowell, supra. A lifelong resident of Boston. Fifteen Days; History of the Court of Hungary; Records of an Obscure Man; Tragedy of Errors; Tragedy of Success.

=Putnam, Ruth.= 18-- - ----. Daughter of G. P. Putnam, supra. Life of William the Silent. Put.

=Putnam, Mrs. Sarah A.---- Brock.= Va., c. 1845- ----. A writer of New York city. Richmond During the War; The Southern Amaranth; Kenneth, My King; Myra, a novel.

=Pyle, Howard.= Del., 1853- ----. Artist and littérateur of Wilmington, Delaware. The Merrie Adventures of Robin Hood; Within the Capes: a novel; Otto of the Silver Hand; Twilight Land; The Garden Behind the Moon; Pepper and Salt, or Seasoning for Young Folk; A Modern Aladdin; The Rose of Paradise; Men of Iron, a romance of chivalry; Jack Ballister’s Fortunes. Cent. Har. Scr.

=Pynchon, Thomas Ruggles.= Ct., 1823-1904. Descendant of W. Pynchon, infra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, president of Trinity College, 1874-83, and professor of chemistry there. Bishop Butler: a Religious Philosopher for All Time; Introduction to Chemical Physics. Ap.

=Pynchon, William.= E., 1590-1662. A noted colonist of New England who founded the town of Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1636. In 1652 he returned to England. The Meritorious Price of Our Redemption, first published in 1650, excited a storm of controversy, and was publicly burned on Boston Common as an heretical book. It was reprinted in 1655 as The Meritorious Price of Man’s Redemption, or Christ’s Satisfaction discussed and explained, with a rejoinder to Rev. John Norton’s Answer; The Jewes Synagogue; How the First Sabbath was Ordained; The Covenant of Nature made with Adam.

Q

=Quackenbos, George Payn.= N. Y., 1826-1881. An educator of New York city. School History of the United States; Natural Philosophy; a series of English grammars; An Advanced Course of Rhetoric.

=Quackenbos, John Duncan.= N. Y., 1848- ----. Son of G. P. Quackenbos, supra. An adjunct professor of English literature at Columbia College from 1884. Illustrated History of the World; History of the English Language; History of Ancient Literature; Practical Rhetoric. Har.

=Qualtrough, Edward F----.= N. Y., 1850- ----. A United States naval officer who has published The Sailor’s Handy Book and Yachtsman’s Manual; The Boat Sailor’s Manual. Scr.

=Quiet, Charles.= See Noyes, C. H.

=Quinby, George Washington.= Me., 1810-1884. A Universalist clergyman in Maine and Ohio. The Salvation of Christ; Brief Exposition of Universalism; Marriage and Its Duties; The Gallows, the Prison, and the Poor House; Heaven Our Home.

=Quincy, Edmund.= Ms., 1703-1788. A Boston merchant who wrote a Treatise on Hemp Husbandry. One of his daughters married John Hancock.

=Quincy, Edmund.= Ms., 1808-1877. Son of J. Quincy, 2d, infra. A Boston writer whose literary fame was hardly proportioned to his deserts. Wensley, and Other Stories; The Haunted Adjutant, and Other Stories; Life of President Josiah Quincy. Hou. Lit.

=Quincy, Josiah.= Ms., 1744-1775. Nephew of E. Quincy, 1st. A famous Boston lawyer and patriot, very prominent at the opening of the Revolutionary period. Observations on the Boston Port Bill. See Life of, by his son.

=Quincy, Josiah.= Ms., 1772-1864. Son of J. Quincy, supra. An eminent Massachusetts statesman, mayor of Boston, 1823-29; president of Harvard University, 1829-45; representative in Congress, 1805-13. History of Harvard University; Speeches and Orations in Congress; History of Boston; Life of Josiah Quincy, Jr. See Life by E. Quincy; Duyckinck’s American Literature; Lowell, My Study Windows. Lit.

=Quincy, Josiah.= Ms., 1802-1882. Son of J. Quincy, 2d, supra. A citizen of Boston, and mayor of that city, 1845-1849. Figures of the Past. Rob.

=Quincy, Josiah Phillips.= Ms., 1829- ----. Son of J. Quincy, 3d, supra. A littérateur of Boston. Charicles, a drama; Lyteria, a drama; The Peckster Professorship, a Story; The Protection of Majorities, and Other Papers. Hou. Rob.

=Quincy, Samuel Miller.= Ms., 1833-1887. Son of J. Quincy, 3d. A Boston lawyer who served in the Federal army during the Civil War. The Man Who was Not a Colonel; A Prisoner’s Diary.

=Quint, Alonzo Hall.= N. H., 1828-1896. A prominent Congregational clergyman of Boston. The Potomac and the Rapidan, or Army Notes; Records of the Second Massachusetts Infantry, 1861-65.

=Quitman, Frederick Henry.= Wa., 1760-1832. A Lutheran clergyman of Rhinebeck, New York. Treatise on Magic; Sermons on the Reformation, are his more important writings.

R

=Raff, George Wertz.= O., 1825-1888. A savings bank president of Canton, Ohio. Guide to Executors and Administrators in Ohio; Manual of Pensions; The Law Relating to Roads in Ohio; War Claimant’s Guide.

=Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel.= Ty., 1784-1842. An eccentric naturalist and botanist of French parentage who, after years of travel, settled in Philadelphia. The value of his work is impaired as much by his inaccuracy as by his very eccentric methods. Among his many works are, Medical Flora of the United States; A Life of Travel and Researches; Annals of Kentucky; Recent and Fossil Conchology (edited by Binney and Tryon, 1864). See Silliman’s Journal, 1841; Life by R. E. Call. Mor.

=Ragozin, Madame Zénaïde Alexeïevna.= R., c. 1835- ----. A Russian historical writer, naturalized in the United States in 1874. The Story of Chaldea; The Story of Assyria; The Story of Media and Babylon; The Story of Vedic India. Put.

=Raguet= [ra-gā´], =Condy.= Pa., 1784-1842. A merchant and lawyer of Philadelphia. The Principles of Free Trade; Currency and Banking; An Inquiry into the Present State of the Circulating Medium of the United States (1815).

=Rains, George Washington.= N. C., 1817-1898. A Confederate army officer, professor of chemistry at the University of Georgia from 1867. Steam Portable Engines; Rudimentary Course of Analytical and Applied Chemistry; Chemical Qualitative Analysis.

=Rainsford, William Stephen.= I., 1850- ----. A prominent Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. George’s Church from 1883, and an active worker in philanthropic and other reforms. Sermons Preached in St. George’s; The Church’s Opportunity in the City of To-Day. Do.

=Ralph, Julian.= N. Y., 1853-1903. A popular journalist and littérateur. On Canada’s Frontier; Dixie; Our Great West; Chicago and the World’s Fair; People We Pass; Alone in China, and Other Stories. Har.

=Ralston, Samuel.= I., 1756-1851. A Presbyterian clergyman in what is now Monongahela City, Pennsylvania, from 1796 till his death. On Baptism; The Last Plagues; The Currycomb, are among his writings.

=Ralston, Thomas Neely.= Ky., 1806-1891. A Methodist clergyman and religious editor of Kentucky. Elements of Divinity; Evidences of Christianity; Ecce Unitas; Bible Truths.

=Ramsay, David.= Pa., 1749-1815. A physician of Charleston, eminent among early American historians. History of the American Revolution; History of the United States; Life of Washington; History of South Carolina, include his chief works. See Tuckerman’s Sketch of American Literature; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Ramsay, Mrs. Vienna G---- [Morrell].= Me., 1817- ----. Facts on Missions; Evenings With the Children; A Legend of the White Hills, and other Poems. Lo.

=Rand, Asa.= N. H., 1783-1871. A Congregational clergyman in Maine and New York prominent as an opponent of slavery. Teachers’ Manual in English Grammar; The Slave-Catcher Caught in the Meshes of Eternal Law.

=Rand, Benjamin.= N. S., 1856- ----. An instructor in philosophy at Harvard University. Economic History Since 1763; A Bibliography of Economics; and also bibliographies of æsthetics, ethics, psychology, metaphysics, logic, history of philosophy, philosophy of religion.

=Rand, Benjamin Howard.= Ms., 1792-1862. A Philadelphia teacher of penmanship who published The American Penman and similar works.

=Rand, Benjamin Howard.= Pa., 1827-1883. Son of B. H. Rand, supra. A physician of Philadelphia. Outlines of Medical Chemistry; Elements of Medical Chemistry. Lip.

=Rand, Edward Augustus.= N. H., 1837-1903. An Episcopal clergyman, rector at Watertown, Massachusetts, from 1883. Christmas Jack; Behind Manhattan Gables; School and Camp Series; Sailor Boy Bob; Pushing Ahead; Fighting the Sea Series, are among his many books for juvenile readers. Lo. Meth. Wh.

=Rand, Edward Sprague.= Ms., 1834-1897. Formerly a floriculturist of Dedham, Massachusetts. Garden Flowers; Complete Manual of Orchid-Culture; Popular Flowers; Rhododendrons; Flowers for the Parlor and Garden; The Window Gardener; Life Memoirs, and Other Poems. Hou.

=Rand, Mrs. Mary Frances [Abbott].= Me., 1840- ----. Wife of E. A. Rand, supra. Holly and Mistletoe; Home-Spun Yarns for Christmas Stockings.

=Randall, David Austin.= Ct., 1813-1884. A Baptist clergyman and religious editor of Ohio. God’s Handwriting in Egypt; The Wonderful Tent, or the Mosaic Tabernacle. Clke.

=Randall, Henry Stephens.= N. Y., 1811-1876. A once prominent advocate of public instruction in New York State. Sheep Husbandry; Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry; Practical Shepherd; Life of Thomas Jefferson. Lip.

=Randall, James Ryder.= Md., 1839- ----. A journalist of Augusta, Georgia, and elsewhere in the South, who has written a number of spirited lyrics, the best known of which is the famous song, Maryland, My Maryland.

=Randall, Samuel Sidwell.= N. Y., 1809-1881. Cousin of H. S. Randall, supra. A superintendent of public schools in New York city, 1854-70. History of the State of New York; Mental and Moral Culture; Principles of Popular Education; Incitements to the Study of Geology, include his more important works. Har.

=Randolph, Anson Davies Fitz.= N. J., 1820-1896. A publisher and religious verse-writer of New York city. Hopefully Waiting; Verses; At the Beautiful Gate; The Palace of the King; Unto the Desired Haven. Ran.

=Randolph, Sarah Nicholas.= Va., 1839-190-. A great-granddaughter of Thomas Jefferson. An educator of Baltimore. The Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson; The Lord Will Provide; The Life of Stonewall Jackson. Har. Lip. Ran.

=Ranger, Robert.= See Freeman, J. M.

=Rankin, Jeremiah Eames.= N. H., 1828-1904. A Presbyterian clergyman, president of Howard University. Auld Scotch Mither, and Other Poems; Subduing Kingdoms; The Hotel of God, and Other Sermons; Atheism of the Heart; Christ His Own Interpreter; Ingleside Rhaims.

=Rankin, John.= Tn., 1793-1886. A Presbyterian clergyman of Ripley, Ohio, famous as an abolitionist, and many times mobbed for his anti-slavery zeal. Letters on American Slavery; The Covenant of Grace. See Ritchie’s Life of, entitled The Soldier, the Battle, and the Victory.

=Rankin, John Chambers.= N. C., 1816-1900. A Presbyterian clergyman of Baskingridge, New Jersey, from 1851. The Coming of the Lord.

=Ranney, Ambrose Loomis.= Ms., 1848- ----. A physician, professor of nervous diseases in the University of the City of New York. A Practical Treatise on Surgical Diagnosis; Applied Anatomy of the Nervous System; Practical Medical Anatomy; Lectures on Nervous Diseases, include his principal writings. Ap.

=Rapelje, Stewart.= N. Y., 1842-1896. A legal writer of New York city. Digest of Decisions of New York Courts to 1881; Digest of Federal Decisions and Statutes from the Earliest Period to 1880; Treatise on the Law of Witnesses; Dictionary of American and English Decisions.

=Raphall, Morris Jacob.= Sn., 1798-1868. A Jewish clergyman once prominent in New York city. Post-Biblical History of the Jews; Literature of the Jews in Spain; Social Condition of the Jews; Festivals of the Lord; The Path to Immortality. Ap.

=Rarey, John S----.= O., 1828-1866. A famous horse-tamer who wrote a Treatise on Horse-Taming that was very extensively circulated.

=Rau, Charles.= Bm., 1826-1887. An archæologist of distinction of Belgian birth who settled in the United States in 1848, and was curator of antiquities in the United States National Museum, 1875-87. Early Man in Europe; Prehistoric Fishing. Har.

=Rauch, Friedrich Augustus.= G., 1806-1841. A psychologist of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, prominent among thinkers of the German Reformed faith. Psychology: a View of the Human Soul; The Inner Life of the Christian.

=Raum, Green Berry.= Il., 1829- ---- A commissioner of internal revenue, 1876-83; later United States commissioner of pensions. The Existing Conflict between Republican Government and Southern Oligarchy (1884).

=Ravenel, Henry William.= S. C., 1814-1887. A botanist of Aiken, South Carolina, distinguished for his knowledge of fungi. Fungi Caroliniani Exsiccati; Fungi Americani Exsiccati (with Cooke).

=Rawle, Francis.= E., 1660-1727. A Quaker colonist of Pennsylvania whose Ways and Means for the Inhabitants of Delaware to become Rich is said to have been the first book printed by Franklin.

=Rawle, William.= Pa., 1759-1836. Great-grandson of F. Rawle, supra. A distinguished lawyer of Philadelphia. View of the Constitution of the United States; The Study of the Law. See Memoir of, by Wharton, 1840; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Rawle, William Brooke.= Pa., 1843- ----. Grand-nephew of W. Rawle, supra. A lawyer of Philadelphia who has published The Right Flank at Gettysburg; With Gregg in the Gettysburg Campaign.

=Rawle, William Henry.= Pa., 1823-1889. Grandson of W. Rawle, supra. A prominent lawyer of Philadelphia. Law of Covenants for Title; Some Contrasts in the Growth of Pennsylvania in English Law; Equity in Pennsylvania. Lit.

=Rawson, Albert Leighton.= Vt., 1829-1902. A traveller of note who was the author of Histories of all Religions; Antiquities of the Orient; The Unseen World, and a number of dictionaries and vocabularies of Oriental tongues.

=Ray, Anna Chapin.= Ms., 1865- ----. A writer of West Haven, Connecticut, whose tales for juvenile reading have been popular. Cadets of Fleming Hall; Half a Dozen Boys; Half a Dozen Girls; In Blue Creek Cañon; Dick; Margaret Davis Tutor. Cr.

=Ray, Isaac.= Ms., 1807-1881. A physician of Philadelphia. Conversations on Animal Economy; Education in Relation to the Health of the Brain; Mental Hygiene; Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity.

=Ray, Joseph.= Va., 1807-1855. A mathematician and educator of Cincinnati, who published an Eclectic Series of Arithmetics long popular in the Western States.

=Raymond, George Lansing.= Il., 1839- ----. A professor of oratory at Princeton College from 1881. His writings in verse include, Colony Ballads; A Life in Song; Ballads of the Revolution, and Other Poems; Sketches in Song; Pictures in Verse. Other works of his are, The Orator’s Manual; Modern Fishers of Men, a novel; Poetry as a Representative Art; The Genesis of Art Form; Art in Theory; Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture as Representative Arts; Rhythm and Harmony in Poetry and Music; Ideals Made Real. Put.

=Raymond, Henry Jarvis.= N. Y., 1820-1869. A journalist who founded and edited The New York Times. Life of Lincoln; Political Lessons of the Revolution; History of the Administration of Lincoln; Letters to Mr. Yancey. See Maverick’s Raymond and the New York Press.

=Raymond, Miner.= N. Y., 1811-1897. A Methodist clergyman of Illinois, theological professor in Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois, from 1864. Systematic Theology. Meth.

=Raymond, Rossiter Worthington.= O., 1840- ----. A mining engineer of Brooklyn, editor of The Engineering and Mining Journal from 1868. Among his technical and other writings are included, Mines and Mining of the Rocky Mountains; Mines, Mills, and Furnaces of the Pacific Slope; Silver and Gold; Brave Hearts, a novel; The Man in the Moon, and Other People; The Book of Job; Essays and a Metrical Paraphrase; The Merry-Go-Round; Two Ghosts, and Other Tales. Lo.

=Rea, Mrs. Julie [de Marguerittes] [Foster].= E., 1814-1866. An opera singer and dramatic critic of Philadelphia. The Ins and Outs of Paris; Italy and the War of 1859; Parisian Pickings.

=Read, Hollis.= Vt., 1802-1887. A Presbyterian foreign missionary who after 1835 was settled over various New Jersey parishes. Journal in India; The Hand of God in History, a very popular book at one time; The Palace of the Great King; India and its People; The Coming Crisis of the World; The Negro Problem Solved; The Devil in History.

=Read, Jane Maria.= Ms., 1853- ----. A verse-writer of Colebrook Springs, Massachusetts, who has published, Between the Centuries, and Other Poems.

=Read, John Meredith.= Pa., 1837-1896. A lawyer of Albany who was minister to Greece 1873-79, and subsequently filled other important diplomatic positions. An Historical Inquiry Concerning Hendrick Hudson.

=Read, Opie.= Tn., 1852- ----. A journalist now living in Chicago who edited The Arkansaw Traveller for some years, and whose studies of Arkansas life have been widely read. My Young Master; An Arkansaw Planter; Len Gansett; Up Terrapin River; A Kentucky Colonel; On the Suwannee River; Miss Polly Lopp, and Other Stories; The Captain’s Romance; The Jucklins, a novel.

=Read, Thomas Buchanan.= Pa., 1822-1872. A poet and artist of Philadelphia whose later years were spent in Florence and Rome. As a poet he is best known by the famous Sheridan’s Ride; Drifting; and The Closing Scene, and it is by these poems that he will continue to be remembered. Poems; Lays and Ballads; The Pilgrims of the Great St. Bernard, a prose romance; The New Pastoral; The House by the Sea; The Wagoner of the Alleghanies, in which occurs the fine lyric beginning, “The maid who binds her warrior’s sash;” Sylvia; A Voyage to Iceland; A Summer Story; Sheridan’s Ride, and Other Poems. His complete poems were issued in 1882. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Lip.

=Realf= [rĕlf], =Richard.= E., 1834-1878. A journalist and verse-writer of Pittsburg who was a Federal officer during the Civil War. Guesses at the Beautiful. See Lippincott’s Magazine, February, 1879.

=Reavis= [rĕv´is], =Logan Uriah.= Il., 1831-1889. A St. Louis journalist, who published St. Louis the Future Great City of the World; Life of Horace Greeley; Thoughts for the Young Men and Women of America; Life of General Harney; Railway and River System.

=Redden, Laura.= See Searing, Mrs.

=Redfield, Amasa Angell.= N. Y., 1837-1902. A lawyer of New York city. Handbook of United States Tax Laws; Law and Practice of Surrogates’ Courts; Reports of Surrogates’ Courts of New York State, 1864-82; The Law of Negligence (with Shearman).

=Redfield, Isaac Fletcher.= Vt., 1804-1876. A lawyer who was chief justice of Vermont, 1852-60, and a resident of Boston after the latter date. The Law of Railways; The Law of Wills; Law of Carriers and Bailments; Leading American Railway Cases; Civil Pleading (with Herrick). Lit.

=Redfield, William Charles.= Ct., 1789-1857. A once noted meteorologist. On Whirlwind Storms, and many monographs upon meteorology. See Biography of, by D. Olmsted.

=Redpath, James.= E., 1833-1891. A New York journalist for many years on the staff of The Tribune, and prominent as an abolitionist. The Roving Editor; Handbook of Kansas Territory; Public Life of Captain John Brown; Echoes of Harper’s Ferry; Guide to Hayti; Talks About Ireland.

=Redway, Jacques Wardlaw.= Tn., 1849- ----. A geographer and educator of California. Complete Geography; Manual of Physical Geography; Manual of Geography and Travel.

=Reed, Edwin.= Me., 1835- ----. A Shakespearean scholar who has published Bacon vs. Shakspere, a history of the controversy, with arguments pro and con. Kt.

=Reed, Henry.= Pa., 1808-1854. An educator of Philadelphia, professor of English literature in the University of Pennsylvania. Lectures on English History; Lectures on English Literature; Lectures on the British Poets. See Memoir, by W. B. Reed, infra.

=Reed, Henry.= Pa., 1846- ----. Son of H. Reed, supra. A Philadelphia jurist who has published The Law of the Statute of Frauds.

=Reed, Hugh.= Ind., 1850- ----. A military educator of Virginia. Signal Tactics; Cadet Regulations; Military Science and Tactics; Broom Tactics.

=Reed, James.= Ms., 1834- ----. Son of S. Reed, infra. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Boston from 1858. Men and Women; Religion and Life; Swedenborg and the New Church. Hou.

=Reed, John.= Pa., 1786-1850. A Pennsylvania jurist, professor of law in Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1834-50, and author of The Pennsylvania Blackstone.

=Reed, Sampson.= Ms., 1800-1880. A Swedenborgian writer of Boston, editor of The New Church Magazine for Children. Observations on the Growth of the Mind. Hou.

=Reed, William Bradford.= Pa., 1806-1876. Brother of H. Reed, 1st, supra. A lawyer of Philadelphia, minister to China, 1857-58. Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed; Memoir of Henry Reed, supra.

=Rees, John Krom.= N. Y., 1851- ----. An astronomer, professor at Columbia College, and director of the Observatory from 1881. Report on the Solar Eclipse, 1878; International Time System; Observations of the Transit of Venus, 1882.

=Reese, David Meredith.= Pa., 1800-1861. An eminent physician of New York city, superintendent of the city public schools at one period. Strictures on Health; Review of the Anti-Slavery Society’s First Annual Report; Quakerism versus Calvinism; Phrenology Known by its Fruits; Medical Lexicon of Modern Terminology; Humbugs of New York.

=Reese, John James.= Pa., 1818-1892. A Philadelphia physician, professor of jurisprudence in the University of Pennsylvania. American Medical Formulary; Analysis of Physiology; Manual of Toxicology; Text-Book of Medical Jurisprudence.

=Reese, Lizette Woodworth.= Md., 1856- ----. A verse-writer and educator of Baltimore. A Branch of May; A Handful of Lavender; A Quiet Road. Hou.

=Reeve, James Knapp.= N. Y., 1856- ----. A novelist of Franklin, Ohio. Vawder’s Understudy; The Three Richard Whalens. Sto.

=Reeve, Tapping.= L. I., 1744-1823. An eminent jurist of Litchfield, Connecticut. Law of Baron and Femme, of Parent and Child, of Guardian and Ward, of Servant and Master; Treatise on the Law of Descents in the Several United States.

=Reeves, Marian Colhoun Legaré.= S. C., c. 1854- ----. A novelist of Washington. Ingemisco; Randolph Honor; Sea Drift; A Little Maid of Arcadie; Wearithorne; and with Emily Read, Old Martin Boscawen’s Jest; Pilot Fortune. Hou.

=Reichel, William Cornelius.= N. C., 1824-1876. A Moravian clergyman and educator of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, among whose writings are Moravianism in New York and Connecticut; Memorials of the Moravian Church; A Red Rose from the Olden Time.

=Reichert, Edward Tyson.= Pa., 1855- ----. A Philadelphia physician and educator, professor of physiology in the University of Pennsylvania from 1886. A Text-Book of Physiology.

=Reid, Christian.= See Tiernan, Mrs. Frances.

=Reid, David Boswell.= S., 1805-1863. A chemist who came to America in 1856, and was director of the medical inspection of the United States Sanitary Commission. Introduction to the Study of Chemistry; Rudiments of Chemistry of Daily Life; Ventilation for American Dwellings, are among his writings.

=Reid, John Morrison.= N. Y., 1820-1896. A Methodist clergyman and editor of religious journals who secured the library of Von Ranke for Syracuse University. Missions of the Methodist Church; Doomed Religions (edited). Meth.

=Reid, Samuel Chester.= N. Y., 1818-1897. A lawyer of New Orleans. The United States Bankrupt Law of 1841; The Battle of Chickamauga.

=Reid, Whitelaw.= O., 1837- ----. A journalist of prominence in New York city and editor of The Tribune from 1872. After the War, a Southern Tour; Ohio in the War; Schools of Journalism; Newspaper Tendencies. See Hart’s American Literature. Clke.

=Reid, William James.= N. Y., 1834-1902. A United Presbyterian clergyman, pastor at Pittsburg from 1889. Lectures on the Revelation; United Presbyterianism.

=Reily, William McClellan.= Pa., 1837- ----. A German Reformed clergyman and educator of Allentown, Pennsylvania, president of the Female College there from 1888. The Artist and his Mission.

=Remensnyder, Junius Benjamin.= Va., 1843- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of New York city from 1880. Heavenward; Doom Eternal; Lutheran Literature: its Distinctive Traits; Work and Personality of Luther; Six Days of Creation; Lutheran Manual. Fu.

=Remington, Frederic.= N. Y., 1861- ----. A popular artist and illustrator, whose work in the main reflects the life of the far West. Pony Tracks. Har.

=Remington, Joseph Price.= Pa., 1847- ----. A professor of pharmacy in the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy from 1874. The Practice of Pharmacy. Lip.

=Remington, Stephen.= N. Y., 1803-1869. A Baptist minister, but prior to 1845 a preacher of the Methodist faith. Reasons for Becoming a Baptist; A Defence of Restricted Communion.

=Remsen, Ira.= N. Y., 1846- ----. An eminent chemist, professor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University from 1876. Chemical Experiments (with W. Randall). Ho.

=Reno, Conrad.= Al., 1859- ----. A lawyer of Boston. Employers’ Liability Acts. Hou.

=Renwick, James.= N. Y., 1792-1863. A once prominent scientist of New York city, professor of natural and experimental philosophy and chemistry at Columbia College from 1820 to 1853. Lives of Rittenhouse, Fulton, Count Rumford, in Sparks’s American Biography; Outlines of Natural Philosophy; Treatise on the Steam Engine; Elements of Mechanics; Lives of Jay, Hamilton, De Witt Clinton, include the greater number of his works. Har.

=Repplier, Agnes.= Pa., 1859- ----. A popular essayist of Philadelphia. Books and Men; Points of View; In the Dozy Hours, and Other Papers; Essays in Idleness; Essays in Miniature; Varia. Hou.

=Requier, Augustus Julian.= S. C., 1825-1887. A lawyer of Mobile prior to the Civil War, and subsequently of New York city. The Old Sanctuary, a romance; Poems; and the dramas, Marco Bozzaris; The Spanish Exile.

=Revere, Joseph Warren.= Ms., 1812-1880. A grandson of Paul Revere, and an officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. Keel and Saddle: Retrospect of Forty Years’ Military Service (1872).

=Rexdale, Robert= (pseud.). Me., 1859- ----. A journalist and verse-writer of Portland, Maine. Drifting Songs and Sketches; Saved by the Sword, a novel; The Cuban Liberated.

=Rexford, Eben Eugene.= N. Y., 1848- ----. A popular verse and song writer of Shiocton, Wisconsin, whose poem Silver Threads Among the Gold has been set to music and widely sung. Brother and Lover; Grandmother’s Garden; John Fielding and his Enemy.

=Reynolds, Elmer Robert.= N. Y., 1846- ----. An ethnologist in the United States civil service from 1877. A Scientific Visit to the Caverns of Luray; Shell Mounds, etc., of the Choptank Indians; Aboriginal Soapstone Quarries in the District of Columbia, are among his professional monographs.

=Reynolds, John.= Pa., 1789-1865. An Illinois lawyer and journalist, governor of Illinois, 1832-34. Pioneer History of Illinois; Glance at the Crystal Palace; My Life and Times.

=Reynolds, William Morton.= Pa., 1812-1876. An Episcopal clergyman, but prior to 1864 a Lutheran clergyman. Discourse on the Swedish Churches. He translated, from the Swedish of Israel Acrelius, A History of New Sweden, with introduction and notes.

=Rhees, William Jones.= Pa, 1830- ----. The chief clerk of the Smithsonian Institution from 1852, who has published, among other works, The Smithsonian Institution; James Smithson and His Bequest.

=Rhodes, Albert.= Pa., 1840- ----. A writer who was successively United States consul at Jerusalem, Rotterdam, Rouen, and Elberstadt, and since 1885 has been a resident of Paris. Jerusalem as It Is; The French at Home; Monsieur at Home.

=Rhodes, James Ford.= O., 1848- ----. An historian, of Boston. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850. Har.

=Rhodes, Mosheim.= Pa., 1837- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of St. Louis from 1874. Life Thoughts for Young Men; Life Thoughts for Young Women; Recognition in Heaven; Vital Questions; The Throne of Grace; Expository Lectures on Philippians.

=Rice, David Hall.= Ms., 1841- ----. A lawyer of Boston, living in Brookline, Massachusetts. Protective Philosophy; Digest of Decisions of Commissioner of Patents, 1869-80 (with C. Lepine).

=Rice, Edwin Wilbur.= N. Y., 1831- ----. A Congregational clergyman connected with the Sunday-School Union from 1871. People’s Lesson Book in Matthew; Stories of Great Painters; Historical Sketch of the United States; People’s Commentary on the Acts.

=Rice, George Edward.= Ms., 1822-1861. A verse-writer of Boston. Ephemera; Nugamenta; An Old Play in a New Garb, a fanciful adaptation of Hamlet.

=Rice, Harvey.= Ms., 1800-1891. A prominent lawyer of Cleveland. Mount Vernon, and Other Poems; Select Poems; Nature and Culture; Pioneers of the Western Reserve; Sketches of Western Life; The Founder of the City of Cleveland. Le.

=Rice, Isaac Leopold.= Bo., 1850- ----. A lawyer of New York city who has written What Is Music?

=Rice, Nathan Lewis.= Ky., 1807-1877. A Presbyterian clergyman of note who held pastorates in St. Louis, Cincinnati, and New York city, and was an active controversialist. Romanism the Enemy of Free Institutions; The Signs of the Times; Baptism; The Pulpit; Discourses.

=Rich, Mrs. Helen [Hinsdale].= N. Y., 1827- ----. A verse-writer of Chicago. A Dream of the Adirondacks, and Other Poems; Madame de Staël. S.

=Richards, Mrs. Cornelia Holroyd [Bradley].= N. Y., 1822-1892. Wife of W. C. Richards, infra, and sister of Mrs. Alice Haven, supra. At Home and Abroad, or How to Behave; Pleasure and Profit, or Lessons on the Lord’s Prayer; Hester and I; Memoir of Mrs. Haven.

=Richards, Mrs. Ellen Henrietta [Swallow].= Ms., 1842- ----. An instructor in sanitary chemistry in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, wife of Professor Richards of the same institution. Chemistry of Cookery and Cleaning; Food Materials and their Adulterations; First Lessons in Minerals. Est.

=Richards, Mrs. Laura Elizabeth [Howe].= Ms., 1850- ----. Daughter of Mrs. J. W. Howe, supra. A writer of juvenile books, whose home is in Gardiner, Maine. The Joyous Story of Toto; Toto’s Merry Winter; In My Nursery; Five Mice; Captain January; Jim of Hellas; Queen Hildegarde, are among her books. Est. Rob.

=Richards, Mrs. Maria [Tolman].= Ms., 1821- ----. An educator and lecturer of Providence. Life in Judea; Life in Israel.

=Richards, William Carey.= E., 1818-1892. A Baptist minister of Chicago, widely known as a lecturer upon physical science. Baptist Banquets; The Lord is My Shepherd; The Mountain Anthem; Our Father in Heaven, a series of sonnets; Science in Song. Le.

=Richardson, Mrs. Abby [Sage].= Ms., 1837-1900. Wife of A. D. Richardson, infra. An educator and lecturer upon literature. Familiar Talks on English Literature; Stories from Old English Poetry; History of Our Country; Abelard and Heloise, a Mediæval Romance. She edited Songs from the Old Dramatists; Old Love Letters, and other works. Hou. Mg.

=Richardson, Albert Deane.= Ms., 1833-1869. A journalist of New York city, famous as the war correspondent of The Tribune during the Civil War. Beyond the Mississippi; Personal History of Ulysses Grant; The Field, the Dungeon, and the Escape; Garnered Sheaves. See Memoir.

=Richardson, Charles Francis.= Me., 1851- ----. A professor of English literature at Dartmouth College from 1882. Primer of American Literature; The Cross, a collection of verse; American Literature, 1607-1885; The Choice of Books. Co-editor with H. A. Clark of The College Book. Hou. Lip. Put.

=Richardson, Hobart Wood.= 1831-1889. A journalist of Portland, Maine. Paper Money; The National Banks; The Standard Dollar. Ap. Har.

=Richardson, Nathaniel Smith.= Ct., 1810-1883. An Episcopal clergyman who was editor of The American Church Review. Reasons Why I Am a Churchman; Reasons Why I Am Not a Papist; Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion, are among his writings.

=Richardson, William Adams.= Ms., 1821-1896. A Massachusetts jurist, chief justice of the United States Court of Claims from 1885, and secretary of the United States Treasury, 1873-74. The Banking Laws of Massachusetts; History of the Court of Claims; Practical Information concerning the United States Public Debt; National Banking Laws.

=Richardson, William Merchant.= N. H., 1774-1838. Chief justice of New Hampshire, 1816-38. The New Hampshire Justice; The Town Officer.

=Richmond, Mrs. Euphemia Johnson [Guernsey].= N. Y., 1825- ----. A writer of Upton, New York. Hope Raymond; Two Paths; The McAllisters, a temperance tale; The Jewelled Serpent; The Fatal Dower; Anna Maynard, the King’s Daughter, form a portion of her writings. Meth.

=Ricord= [rē-cor´], =Mrs. Elizabeth [Stryker].= L. I., 1788-1865. Wife of J. B. Ricord, infra. An educator of Geneva, New York, and after 1845 a resident of Newark, New Jersey. Philosophy of the Mind; Zamba, or the Insurrection, a Dramatic Poem.

=Ricord, Frederick William.= W. I., 1819-1897. Son of J. B. Ricord, infra. A lawyer and educator of Newark, New Jersey. History of Rome; The Youth’s Grammar; English Songs from Foreign Tongues; The Self-Tormentor, from the Latin of Terentius, with More English Songs.

=Ricord, Jean Baptiste.= F., 1777-1837. A French physician and naturalist who settled in New York city. Improved French Grammar; Recherches et expériences sur les poissons d’Amérique.

=Riddle, Albert Gallatin.= Ms., 1816-1902. A lawyer of Washington who wrote a number of romances of early life in Ohio. The House of Ross; Bart Ridgeley; Alice Brand; The Tory’s Daughter; Mark Loan; The Portrait; Personal Recollections of War Times; Students and Lawyers; Life of Benjamin Wade; Life of Garfield; Speeches and Arguments, include his principal works. Put.

=Rideing, William Henry.= E., 1853- ----. A Boston littérateur on the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. Pacific Railway Illustrated; A Saddle in the Wild West; Boys in the Mountains and on the Plains; Boys Coastwise; Stray Moments with Thackeray; Alpenstock; Young Folks’ History of London; The Boyhood of Living Authors; Thackeray’s London; A Little Upstart, a novel; In the Land of Lorna Doone; The Captured Cunarder. Ap. Cop. Cr. Est.

=Ridgaway, Henry Bascom.= Md., 1830-1895. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Illinois, president of Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois, from 1882. Life of Alfred Cookman; The Lord’s Land, or Travels in Sinai and Palestine; Lives of Bishops Janes, Waugh, Simpson. Meth.

=Ridgway, Robert.= O., 1850- ----. An eminent ornithologist of Washington, curator of the department of birds in the National Museum from 1879. The Birds of Colorado; Ornithology of the Fortieth Parallel; Manual of North American Birds; History of North American Birds (with Baird and Brewer, supra). Lip.

=Ridpath, John Clark.= Il., 1840-1900. A professor of belles-lettres at De Pauw University. Popular and Academic Histories of the United States; History of Texas; Life of Garfield; History of the World; Christopher Columbus; Columbia, a Quadricentennial Story; Great Races of Mankind; Epic of Life, a poem. Meth.

=Riggs, Elias.= N. J., 1810-1901. A Congregational missionary in Constantinople, famous as a linguist, among whose writings are, Manual of the Chaldee Language; Grammar of the Modern Armenian Language; Notes of Difficult Passages of the New Testament; A Harmony of the Gospels, in Bulgarian. Ran.

=Riggs, James Stevenson.= N. Y., 1853- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor in Auburn Theological Seminary from 1881, who has published The Bible in Art.

=Riggs, Mrs. Kate Douglas [Smith] [Wiggin].= Pa., 1857- ----. A popular writer of New York city. Timothy’s Quest; Polly Oliver’s Problem; The Birds’ Christmas Carol; The Story of Patsy; A Summer in a Cañon; Children’s Rights; A Cathedral Courtship, and Penelope’s English Experiences; The Village Watch-Tower; Marm Lisa; Nine Love Songs and a Carol. She has also written in collaboration with her sister, Nora Archibald Smith, The Story Hour; and The Republic of Childhood, a work on the kindergarten. Hou.

=Riggs, Stephen Return.= O., 1812-1883. A missionary to the Indians in Minnesota and Dakota. Forty Years Among the Sioux; The Bible in Dakota (with Williamson); and many translations and other writings relating to the Dakota Indians.

=Riis, Jacob August.= Dk., 1849- ----. A New York writer on social problems. How the Other Half Lives; The Children of the Poor; Nibsy’s Christmas; The Making of an American. Scr.

=Riley, Charles Valentine.= E., 1843-1895. A distinguished entomologist of Washington, at one period State entomologist of Missouri, and from 1881 till his death in charge of the entomological division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The Locust Plague in the United States; Potato Pests; Noxious, Beneficial, and Other Insects of Missouri.

=Riley, Henry Hiram.= Ms., 1813-1888. A lawyer of Constantine, Michigan, once known as a humourous writer. Paddleford and Its People; The Paddleford Papers, or Humors of the West. Le.

=Riley, James.= Ct., 1777-1840. A mariner who was enslaved by the Arabs of Africa in 1815 and ransomed by Mr. Willshire, the British consul, at Mogadore. In 1821 he settled in Ohio and founded the town of Willshire, named in honour of the consul. From his journals was prepared, in 1816, the Authentic Narrative of the Loss of the American Brig Commerce on the West Coast of Africa, with a Description of Timbuctoo.

=Riley, James.= I., 1848- ----. A verse-writer of Boston whose unpretentious Poems, published in 1886, reached a third edition in 1888.

=Riley, James Whitcomb.= Ind., 1852- ----. A very popular poet of Indianapolis whose dialect poems of Hoosier life have been greatly praised. His earliest work appeared over the signature “Benjamin F. Johnson of Boone.” His dialect and other poems display much real feeling and originality. The Old Swimmin’ Hole and ’Leven More Poems; The Boss Girl, and Other Sketches; Afterwhiles; Old-Fashioned Roses; Pipes o’ Pan at Zekesbury; Rhymes of Childhood; Flying Islands of the Night; Neighborly Poems; An Old Sweetheart of Mine; Green Fields and Running Brooks; Poems Here at Home; Armazindy; A Child World. Bo. Cent. Lgs.

=Riley, John Campbell.= D. C., 1828-1879. A Washington physician who wrote a Compend of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. Lip.

=Rimmer, Caroline Hunt.= Ms., 1851- ----. Daughter of W. Rimmer, infra. Animal Drawing. Hou.

=Rimmer, William.= E., 1816-1879. A Boston painter, sculptor, and teacher of art anatomy, who also practiced medicine, but gave up his profession to devote himself to art. Art Anatomy; Elements of Design. Hou.

=Riordan, Roger.= I., 1848- ----. A New York city journalist. A Score of Etchings; Sunrise Stories, a Glance at the Literature of Japan. Scr.

=Ripley, George.= Ms., 1802-1880. A Unitarian clergyman who was pastor in Boston, 1826-41, and then for several years the chief promoter of the famous Brook Farm experiment. In 1849 he became literary editor of The New York Tribune, and continued in that position until his death. With C. A. Dana, supra, he edited the American Cyclopædia, 1857-63, and also the revised edition of the same, 1873-76. His literary criticisms exerted a wide and beneficial influence. Discourses on the Philosophy of Religion; Letters to Andrews Norton, supra, on the Latest Form of Infidelity. See Modern Review, July, 1883; Appletons’ American Biography; Life by O. B. Frothingham, supra.

=Ripley, Henry Jones.= Ms., 1798-1875. A Baptist clergyman who held a pastorate in Georgia, 1819-26, and from 1826 to 1860 was a professor in the Theological Seminary at Newton, Massachusetts. Notes on the Gospels, Acts, Hebrews; Christian Baptism; Church Polity; The Exclusiveness of the Baptists.

=Ripley, Roswell Sabine.= O., 1823-1887. A Confederate army officer of prominence who wrote a History of the Mexican War.

=Ritchie, Mrs. Anna Cora [Ogden] [Mowatt].= F., 1822-1870. A once popular actress who retired from the stage in 1854, and for the last ten years of her life lived in Florence and London. Her writings include several novels, The Fortune Hunter; The Mute Singer; Fairy Fingers; Evelyn; The Twin Roses; The Clergyman’s Wife; two successful plays, Fashion and Armand; Mimic Life, or Before and Behind the Curtain; Autobiography of an Actress, the last named an exceedingly popular book.

=Ritter, Abraham.= Pa., 1792-1860. A merchant of Philadelphia. History of the Moravian Church in Philadelphia; Philadelphia and her Merchants.

=Ritter, Mrs. Frances Malone [Raymond].= E., 1830-1890. Wife of F. L. Ritter, infra. Woman as a Musician; Some Famous Songs, an Art Historical Sketch; Songs and Ballads.

=Ritter, Frédéric Louis.= F., 1834-1891. A musician of Alsace who came to the United States in 1856, and, becoming professor of music at Vassar College in 1867, retained that position until his death. Music in England; Music in America; History of Music in the Form of Lectures; Manual of Musical History. Dit. Scr.

=Rivers, Pearl.= See Nicholson, Mrs.

=Rivers, Richard Henderson.= Tn., 1814-1894. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Alabama, for many years pastor in Louisville, 1883-87. Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; Our Young People; Life of Robert Paine; Arrows From Two Quivers.

=Rivers, William James.= S. C., 1822- ----. An educator of South Carolina and Maryland, professor in Washington College in the latter State from 1873. History of South Carolina to the Close of the Proprietary Government in 1719; Catechism of the Constitution of South Carolina.

=Rives= [reevz], =Amélie.= Granddaughter of W. C. Rives, infra. See Troubetzkoy.

=Rives, Mrs. Judith Page [Walker].= Va., 1802-1882. Wife of W. C. Rives, infra. Souvenirs of a Residence in Europe; Home and the World; The Canary Bird; Epitome of the Bible.

=Rives, William Cabell.= Va., 1793-1868. A prominent Virginia statesman, twice minister to France, and during the Civil War a member of the Confederate Congress. Lives of John Hampden, James Madison; Ethics of Christianity.

=Robbins, Chandler.= Ms., 1810-1882. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Second Church, 1833-74. Liturgy for the Use of a Christian Church; History of the Second or Old North Church; Memoir of Benjamin Curtis, supra; Portrait of a Christian Drawn from Life. See Frothingham’s Boston Unitarianism. A. U. A.

=Robbins, Eliza.= Ms., 1786-1853. An educator in Boston for many years. Elements of Mythology; Grecian History; Tales from American History, are among her published works.

=Robbins, Mrs. Mary Caroline [Pike].= Me., 1842- ----. Daughter of J. S. Pike, supra. The wife of a physician of Hingham, Massachusetts. A writer for the magazines on art, landscape gardening, and kindred topics. The Rescue of An Old Place. Hou.

=Robbins, Royal.= Ct., 1787-1861. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Kensington, Connecticut, 1816-61. Outlines of Ancient History; The World Displayed.

=Roberts, Mrs. Anna Smith [Rickey].= Pa., 1827-1858. Wife of S. W. Roberts, infra. A verse-writer who published Forest Flowers of the West.

=Roberts, Benjamin Titus.= N. Y., 1823-1893. A Free Methodist clergyman of North Chili, New York, founder of Chesbrough Academy there in 1865, and president of that institution, 1869-1893. Fishers of Men; Why Another Sect; First Lessons on Money; Ordaining Women.

=Roberts, Charles George Douglas.= N. B., 1860- ----. A popular Canadian poet and littérateur, formerly a professor of literature in King’s College, Windsor, Nova Scotia, and in recent years a resident of New York city. His work in verse includes, Orion, and Other Poems; In Divers Tones; The Book of the Native. His prose comprises, Earth’s Enigmas, a collection of short stories; The Forge in the Forest, an Acadian Romance; A History of Canada; Around the Camp Fire; Canadian Guide Book; Reube Dare’s Shad Boat; Raid from Beausejour, and How the Carter Boys Lifted the Mortgage. Ap. Cr. Lam. Lo. Meth.

=Roberts, Edmund Quincy.= N. H., 1784-1836. A diplomatist who did much to promote trade in Farther India. Embassy to the Eastern Courts (1857).

=Roberts, Ellis Henry.= N. Y., 1827- ----. Formerly a journalist of Utica; now (1897) president of a national bank in New York city. He was a member of Congress from 1871 to 1875. Government Revenue; New York: the Planting and Growth of the Empire State. Hou.

=Roberts, John Bingham.= Pa., 1852- ----. A Philadelphia physician. Paracentesis of the Pericardium; Compendium of Anatomy.

=Roberts, Oran Milo.= S. C., 1815-1898. A Texas jurist who was governor of Texas, 1879-83, and professor of law in the University of Texas from 1883. He wrote a description of his State, entitled Governor Robinson’s Texas.

=Roberts, Robert Ellis.= N. Y., 1809-1888. A prominent merchant and citizen of Detroit. Sketches of Detroit; The City of the Straits.

=Roberts, Solomon White.= Pa., 1811-1882. A distinguished civil engineer of Pennsylvania. The Destiny of Pittsburg.

=Roberts, William.= W., 1809-1887. A Welsh Presbyterian clergyman of Utica from 1875. He published, in Welsh, The Abrahamic Covenant; The Election of Grace.

=Roberts, William Henry.= W., 1844- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of theology in Lane Seminary, 1886-93, and stated clerk of the General Assembly from 1884. History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States; Ecclesiastical Status of Theological Seminaries; The Presbyterian System.

=Robertson, John.= Va., 1787-1873. A Virginia jurist. Riego, or the Spanish Martyr, a tragedy; Opuscula, a book of verse.

=Robinson, Mrs. Annie Douglas [Green].= “Marian Douglas.” N. H., 1842- ----. A writer of Bristol, New Hampshire. Picture Poems for Young Folks; Peter and Polly, or Home Life in New England One Hundred Years Ago. Do.

=Robinson, Charles.= Ms., 1818-1894. A noted Kansas politician, three times governor of the State as candidate of the Free State party, 1856-59. The Kansas Conflict (1892). Har.

=Robinson, Charles Seymour.= Vt., 1829-1899. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in New York city, well known as an hymnologist. Besides Laudes Domini, and other hymnals, he published Church Work, a volume of sermons; Studies on the New Testament; Studies of Neglected Texts; The Pharaohs of the Bondage and the Exodus; Simon Peter, his Life and Work; Studies in Mark’s Gospel; Simon Peter’s Later Life and Labors; Sermons in Songs; Sabbath Evening Sermons. Fu.

=Robinson, Edith.= Ms., 1858- ----. A Boston novelist. A Forced Acquaintance; Penhallow Tales; A Loyal Little Maid. Cop. Hou. Kt.

=Robinson, Edward.= Ct., 1794-1863. A distinguished Congregational clergyman and Biblical scholar of New York city, a professor in Union Seminary, 1837-63, and the founder of the Bibliotheca Sacra. Harmony of the Four Gospels, in Greek; Harmony of the Four Gospels, in English; Biblical Researches in Palestine; Physical Geography of the Holy Land; A Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament. See Life by R. D. Hitchcock; Allibone’s Dictionary. Hou. Rev.

=Robinson, Ezekiel Gilman.= Ms., 1815-1894. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Brown University, 1872-89. Yale Lectures on Preaching; Principles and Practice of Morality; Christian Evidences. Ho. Sil.

=Robinson, Fayette.= Va., -----1859. Mexico and her Military Chieftains; Account of the Organization of the United States Army; California and the Gold Regions (1849); Spanish Grammar; Wizard of the Wave, a romance; and a number of translations from the French.

=Robinson, Frank Torrey.= Ms., 1845-1898. A journalist and art critic of Boston, and more recently one of the curators of the Metropolitan Museum of New York city. Quaint New England; Living New England Artists; History of the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteer Militia.

=Robinson, Mrs. Harriet Jane [Hanson].= Ms., 1825- ----. Wife of W. S. Robinson, infra. A prominent woman-suffragist of Malden, Massachusetts. In her early life she was one of the contributors to the noted Lowell Offering. Massachusetts in the Woman Suffrage Movement; Captain Mary Miller, a drama; Early Factory Labor in New England; The New Pandora, a drama in blank verse. Put. Rob.

=Robinson, Harry Perry.= E. I., 1860- ----. An English littérateur resident in the United States from 1883, and now (1897) living in Chicago. A brother of Philip Robinson, the English writer. Men Born Equal, a novel; monographs on railway topics. Har.

=Robinson, Horatio Nelson.= N. Y., 1806-1867. A mathematician and educator of Cincinnati, Ohio, after 1854 a resident of Eldridge, New York. University Algebra; Mathematical Recreations; Treatise on Surveying and Navigation; Treatise on Astronomy; Analytical Geometry and Conic Sections, include the greater number of his writings. Am.

=Robinson, John Hovey.= Me., 1825- ----. A physician who wrote a large number of sensational romances of slight literary merit, among which are, White Rover; Nightshade; Silver-Knife.

=Robinson, Mrs. Leora [Bettison].= Ark., 1840- ----. A writer and educator of Tallahassee. House with Spectacles; Than; Patsy.

=Robinson, Mrs. Martha Harrison.= Va., 18-- - ----. A writer of Philadelphia who has published a number of translations from the French, and Helen Erskine, an original novel. Lip.

=Robinson, Mrs. Mary Dommet [Nauman].= Pa., 185- - ----. A novelist of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Twisted Threads; Sidney Elliot; The Enchanted Princess; Clyde Wardleigh’s Promise; Eva’s Adventures in Shadowland. Lip.

=Robinson, Rowland Evans.= Vt., 1833-1900. A farmer of Ferrisburgh, Vermont. Danvis Folks, a novel; Vermont: a Study of Independence; Uncle ’Lisha’s Shop; In New England Fields and Woods. Hou.

=Robinson, Mrs. Sarah Tappan Doolittle [Lawrence].= Ms., 1827- ----. Wife of C. Robinson, supra. A writer of Lawrence, Kansas, who published, in 1856, Kansas: its Exterior and Interior Life, a work giving valuable information concerning a critical period in the history of the State.

=Robinson, Solon.= Ct., 1803-1880. A journalist of New York city long known as an agricultural writer for The Tribune, and after 1870 a resident of Jacksonville, Florida. Hot Corn, or Life Scenes in New York, a very popular book for a short period; Facts for Farmers, which was extensively circulated; How to Live, or Domestic Economy Illustrated; Me-won-i-toc.

=Robinson, Stillman Williams.= Vt., 1838- ----. A civil engineer, professor of physics at Ohio State University from 1878. Practical Treatise on the Teeth of Wheels; Railroad Economics; Strength of Wrought Iron Bridge Materials.

=Robinson, Stuart.= I., 1816-1881. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in Louisville. Discourses of Redemption; The Church of God. Ap.

=Robinson, Mrs. Therese Albertine Luise [Von Jakob].= “Talvi.” G., 1797-1869. Wife of E. Robinson, supra. An able and learned author who wrote both in English and German, using the pseudonym Talvi in the latter case. Characteristik der Volkslieder germanischen Nationen; Die Unechtheit der Lieder Ossians; Aus der Geschichte der ersten Ansiedelungen in den Vereinigten Staaten; Die Colonisation von New England; Fifteen Years, a Picture from the Last Century; Historical View of the Language and Literature of the Slavic Nations. She also wrote a number of stories which her daughter translated from the German, including Psyche; Heloise; Life’s Discipline; The Exiles.

=Robinson, Tracy.= N. Y., 1833- ----. An official of the Panama Railway, 1861-74, and subsequently a resident of New York city. Song of the Palm, and Other Poems.

=Robinson, William Stevens.= “Warrington.” Ms., 1818-1876. A journalist of Boston long known as the Boston correspondent of the New York Tribune and the Springfield Republican. The Salary Grab; Manual of Parliamentary Practice; Warrington’s Pen Portraits; Personal and Political. See Memoir by Mrs. Robinson. Le.

=Roche, James Jeffrey.= I., 1847- ----. A popular Boston journalist, since 1890 the editor of The Pilot. Songs and Satires; Ballads of Blue Water; Life of John Boyle O’Reilly, supra; The Story of the Filibusters; Her Majesty the King. Hou. St.

=Rochester, Thomas Fortescue.= N. Y., 1823-1887. A once prominent physician of Buffalo. The Army Surgeon; Medical Men and Medical Matters in 1776.

=Rockwell, Alphonso David.= Ct., 1840- ----. A physician of New York city. Relation of Electricity to Medicine and Surgery; Medical and Surgical Uses of Electricity (with G. M. Beard, supra).

=Rockwell, Charles.= Ct., 1806-1882. A Congregational clergyman who held pastorates in the New England and other States. Sketches of Foreign Travel and Life at Sea; The Catskill Mountains and the Region Around.

=Rockwell, Joel Edson.= Vt., 1816-1882. A Presbyterian clergyman of Stapleton, Staten Island. Sketches of the Presbyterian Church; The Young Christian Warned; Scenes and Impressions Abroad; My Sheet Anchor; Seed Thoughts.

=Rockwell, John Arnold.= Ct., 1803-1861. A jurist of Norwich, Connecticut. Spanish and American Law in Relation to Mines and Titles to Real Estate.

=Rodenbough, Theophilus Francis.= Pa., 1838- ----. A Federal army officer, assistant inspector-general of New York State, 1880-83. From Everglade to Cañon with the Second United States Cavalry; Afghanistan and the Anglo-Russian Dispute; Uncle Sam’s Medal of Honor.

=Rodman, Thomas Jefferson.= Ind., 1815-1871. An army officer, brevetted brigadier-general in 1865. He invented the method of hollow casting. Report of Experiments on Metals for Cannon and Cannon Powder.

=Rodney, Cæsar Augustus.= Del., 1772-1824. A noted Delaware jurist, prominent in Congress, and the first United States minister to Argentina. Reports on the Present State of the United Provinces of South America (with T. Graham) (1824).

=Roe, Azel Stevens.= N. Y., 1798-1886. A once popular novelist who was for many years a wine merchant of New York city. True to the Last; A Long Look Ahead; Time and Tide; To Love and To Be Loved; James Montjoy; True Love Rewarded; How Could He Help It?; Looking Around; Woman Our Angel; The Cloud in the Heart.

=Roe, Edward Payson.= N. Y., 1838-1888. A Presbyterian clergyman who retired from the ministry, and, living at Cornwall-on-the-Hudson, devoted himself to novel-writing. His stories, which are nearly all of a semi-religious character, have been extraordinarily popular, but it must be admitted that their literary merit is very slight, the style being weak and inflated and the construction poor. The best that can be said in their favour is that they are well-intentioned. Barriers Burned Away; Opening a Chestnut Burr; A Face Illumined; His Sombre Rivals; What Can She Do?; Near to Nature’s Heart; From Jest to Earnest; A Knight of the Nineteenth Century; A Day of Fate; Without a Home; A Young Girl’s Wooing; An Original Belle; Driven Back to Eden; Nature’s Serial Story; The Earth Trembled; Miss Lou; Taken Alive, and Other Stories. He also published two horticultural books, The Home Acre; Success with Small Fruits. Do.

=Roe, Edward Reynolds.= 18-- - ----. A novelist of Chicago. Brought to Bay; The Grey and the Blue; God Reigns: Lay Sermons; From the Beaten Path; May and June.

=Roebling, John Augustus.= P., 1800-1869. A civil engineer of note who built the suspension bridge across the Ohio between Cincinnati and Covington, and was the designer of the Brooklyn Bridge. Long and Short Span Railway Bridges.

=Roebling, Washington Augustus.= P., 1837- ----. Son of J. A. Roebling, supra. A famous civil engineer of Brooklyn who completed the Brooklyn Bridge. He has published Military Suspension Bridges. See Schuyler’s Studies in American Architecture.

=Roemer, Jean.= E., 1806-1892. An educator of New York city, vice-president of the College of the City of New York from 1869. Dictionary of English-French Idioms; Polyglot Readers; Cavalry; Principles of General Grammar; Cours de lecture et de traduction; Origins of the English People and Language; Left in the Wilderness. Ap.

=Rogé, Mrs. Charlotte Fiske [Bates].= N. Y., 1838- ----. An educator and verse-writer of Cambridge and New York city who has written Risk, and Other Poems, and edited The Cambridge Book of Poetry and other works. Cr. Hou.

=Rogers, Fairman.= Pa., 1833-1900. A professor of civil engineering in the University of Pennsylvania, 1855-70. The Magnetism of Iron Vessels.

=Rogers, Henry Darwin.= Pa., 1808-1866. A noted geologist who was professor in the University of Pennsylvania, 1835-46, and held the chair of natural history in the Scottish University of Glasgow from 1857 till his death. The Geology of Pennsylvania; Geological Map of Pennsylvania. Lip.

=Rogers, Henry Wade.= N. Y., 1853- ----. A lawyer and educator, president of Northwestern University, 1890-1900. Illinois Citations; Expert Testimony.

=Rogers, Horatio.= R. I., 1836- ----. A Providence jurist who has published The Private Libraries of Providence; Mary Dyer of Rhode Island, the Quaker Martyr; and edited Hadden’s Journal and Orderly Books. Pr.

=Rogers, James Webb.= N. C., 1822-1896. A writer who in early life was an Episcopal clergyman in Tennessee, and during the Civil War a Confederate officer. He became a Roman Catholic in 1878 and settled in Washington as a lawyer. Lafitte, or the Greek Slave; Arlington, and Other Poems; Parthenon.

=Rogers, Robert Cameron.= N. Y., 1862- ----. A littérateur of Buffalo. The Wind in the Clearing, and Other Poems; Will of the Wasp, a yarn of the War of 1812; Old Dorset, a collection of short stories. Put.

=Rogers, Robert William.= Pa., 1864- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor of Hebrew in Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, New Jersey, from 1893. Two Texts of Esarhaddon; Unpublished Inscriptions of Esarhaddon; The Inscriptions of Sennacherib.

=Rogers, William Barton.= Pa., 1804-1882. Brother of H. D. Rogers, supra. An eminent scientist of Boston, the founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in 1862, and its president, 1862-70, and again, 1878-81. The Geology of the Virginias; Elements of Mechanical Philosophy; The Strength of Materials. See The Brothers Rogers, by W. Ruschenberger, infra, 1885; Life by E. Rogers, 1896. Ap.

=Rohlfs, Mrs. Anna Katharine [Green].= L. I., 1846- ----. A very popular novelist of Buffalo whose detective romances display much inventive skill. The Sword of Damocles; The Leavenworth Case; A Strange Disappearance; Hand and Ring; The Mill Mystery; Behind Closed Doors; Cynthia Wakeham’s Money; Marked “Personal”; Miss Hurd; An Enigma; Dr. Izard; Old Stone House, and Other Stories; 7 to 12; X, Y, Z; The Doctor, His Wife, and the Clock; That Affair Next Door; Risifi’s Daughter, a Drama; The Defence of the Bride, and Other Poems. Put.

=Rolfe, John Carew.= Ms., 1859- ----. Son of W. J. Rolfe, infra. A professor of Latin in the University of Michigan. Heauton Timorumenos of Terence. Gi.

=Rolfe, William James.= Ms., 1827- ----. A distinguished Shakespearean scholar and educator of Cambridge. He has published Shakespeare the Boy; two annotated editions of Shakespeare, the Friendly Edition in twenty volumes, and a School Edition in forty volumes; and a series of annotated editions of selections from Tennyson, Browning, Wordsworth, Gray, Goldsmith, Scott, and other English poets. He has also edited Craik’s English of Shakespeare; and is co-author with J. H. Hanson of several classical text-books, and with J. A. Gillet of The Cambridge Physics. Har. Hou.

=Rollins, Mrs. Alice Marland [Wellington].= Ms., 1847-1897. A littérateur of New York city. My Welcome Beyond, and Other Poems; The Ring of Amethyst, and Other Poems; The Story of a Ranch; All Sorts of Children; The Three Tetons; From Palm to Glacier; Uncle Tom’s Tenement, a study of New York tenement-house life. Put.

=Rollins, Mrs. Ellen Chapman [Hobbs].= “E. H. Arr.” N. H., 1831-1881. A writer of Philadelphia. New England Bygones; Old-Time Child-life. See Memoir by Gail Hamilton, 1882. Lip.

=Ronayne, Maurice.= I., 1828-1903. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New York city, professor of history at St. Francis Xavier’s College from 1888. Religion and Science; God Knowable and Known.

=Rood, Ogden Nicholas.= Ct., 1831-1902. A physicist of note, professor of physics at Columbia College from 1863, and author of Modern Chromatics. Ap.

=Roosa= [ro´zah], =Daniel Bennett St. John.= N. Y., 1838- ----. A prominent physician of New York city, and a professor at the University of the City of New York, 1863-82. Treatise on the Ear; A Doctor’s Suggestions; On the Necessity of Wearing Glasses.

=Roosevelt, Blanche.= See Macchetta d’Allegri, Marchesa.

=Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell.= N. Y., 1829- ----. A lawyer of New York city who was minister to the Netherlands, 1888-89. The Game Fish of North America; Coast and Game Birds of the Northern States; Florida and the Game Water Birds; Love and Luck; Progressive Petticoats; Five Acres Too Much, a Satire. Har.

=Roosevelt, Theodore.= N. Y., 1858- ----. Nephew of R. B. Roosevelt, supra. The twenty-fifth president of the United States. The Naval War of 1812; Hunting Trips of a Ranchman; Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail; The Winning of the West; The Wilderness Hunter; Essays on Practical Politics; History of the City of New York; American Ideals, and Other Essays; The Rough Riders; The Strenuous Life: Essays and Addresses; The Deer Family (with others); Lives of Thomas H. Benton, supra, Gouverneur Morris, supra, and Oliver Cromwell. Cent. Hou. Lgs. Mac. Put.

=Ropes, John Codman.= R., 1836-1899. A lawyer of Boston well known as a military historian. The Army under Pope; The Campaign of Waterloo; Atlas of Waterloo; The First Napoleon; The Story of the Civil War. Hou. Put. Scr.

=Rose, Aquila.= E., 1695-1723. A printer and verse-writer of Philadelphia whose Poems on Several Occasions were collected after his death.

=Rosengarten, Joseph George.= Pa., 1835- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia. The German Soldier in the Wars of the United States. Lip.

=Rosenthal, Lewis.= Md., 1856- ----. A journalist who has published America and France: the Influence of the United States on France in the Eighteenth Century. Ho.

=Ross, Albert.= See Porter, L. B.

=Ross, Clinton.= N. Y., 1861- ----. A novelist of New York city. The Silent Workman; The Countess Bettina; The Speculator; Adventures of Three Worthies; Improbable Tales; Two Soldiers and a Politician; The Puppet; The Scarlet Coat; Battle Tales; Bobbie McDuff; The Meddling Hussy; Zuleika. Lam. Put. St.

=Ross, Frederick Augustus.= Va., 1796-1883. A Presbyterian clergyman of Huntsville, Alabama. Slavery as Ordained of God.

=Rosser, Leonidas.= Va., 1815-1892. A Methodist clergyman of Virginia. Baptism; Experimental Religion; Class Meetings; Recognition in Heaven; Open Communion; Initial Life; Reply to Howell’s “Evils of Baptism.”

=Rotch= [rōch], =Abbott Lawrence.= Ms., 1861- ----. A meteorologist who founded the Blue Hill meteorological observatory in Milton, Massachusetts, in 1885, and who has published many valuable meteorological papers.

=Rothrock, Joseph Trimble.= Pa., 1839- ----. A professor of botany in the University of Pennsylvania from 1877. Botany of the Wheeler Expedition; Vacation Cruisings; Flora of Alaska; Revision of the North American Gaurineæ, include his principal publications. Lip.

=Round, William Marshall Fitz.= R. I., 1845- ----. A writer active in prison reforms. His books for juvenile readers include, Achsah; Child Marion Abroad; Torn and Mended; Hal; Rosecroft. Le.

=Rouquette= [roŏ-ket´], =Adrien Emmanuel.= La., 1813-1887. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New Orleans, known as the Abbé Rouquette. Les Savannes; Poésies américaines; Wild Flowers; Sacred Poetry; Le Thébaïde en Amérique; L’Antoniade, ou la Solitude avec Dieu; Poëmes patriotiques.

=Rouquette, François Dominique.= Pa., 1810-1890. Brother of A. E. Rouquette, supra. A lawyer who resided in France for part of his life. Les Meschacébéennes; Fleurs d’Amérique; and a work in French and English on the Choctaw Indians.

=Rowe, Mrs. Henrietta Gould.= Me., 1835- ----. A writer of Bangor, Maine. Re-told Tales of the Hills and Shores of Maine; Queenshithe.

=Rowland, Henry Augustus.= Ct., 1804-1859. A Congregational clergyman of Newark, New Jersey. Common Maxims of Infidelity; The Path of Life; Light in a Dark Valley; The Way of Peace. See Memorial of, by Fairchild, 1860.

=Rowson, Mrs. Susanna [Haswell].= E., 1762-1824. A once famous novelist whose Charlotte Temple was the most popular tale of its day. Born in England, she came to Boston as a child, but returned to England in 1784 and there married. In 1793 she came again to America, and after a short career as an actress opened a school in Boston, which was very successful. Her writings include Victoria; Mary, or the Test of Honour; The Fille de Chambre; The Inquisitor; The Trials of the Heart; Reuben and Rachel; Lucy Temple, a sequel to Charlotte Temple; Miscellaneous Poems; The Slaves of Algiers, an opera; The Volunteers, a farce; The French Patriot, a comedy. See Memoir by E. Nason, supra, 1870.

=Royall, Mrs. Anne.= Va., 1769-1854. A once well-known and unpopular Washington journalist, editor of the Washington Paul Pry, whose literary style was quite devoid of merit. The Black Book; The Tennessean, a novel; Sketches of History, Life, and Manners in the United States; A Southern Tour: Letters from Alabama.

=Royce, Josiah.= Cal., 1855- ----. A professor of the history of philosophy at Harvard University. The Religious Aspect of Philosophy; California: a Study of American Character; The Feud of Oakfield Creek, a novel; Primer of Logical Analysis; The Spirit of Modern Philosophy. Hou.

=Rudder, William.= B. G., 1820-1880. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, rector of St. Stephen’s Church. Sermons; A Rationale of the Church’s Liturgic Worship. Co. Lip.

=Rude, Mrs. Ellen [Sergeant].= N. Y., 1838- ----. A verse-writer of Duluth who has published Magnolia Leaves (verse).

=Ruffner, Henry.= Va., 1798-1861. A Presbyterian clergyman of Virginia, and a noted opponent of slavery. Fathers of the Desert: a History of Monachism; Future Punishment.

=Ruffner, William Henry.= Va., 1824- ----. Son of W. Ruffner, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia, and from 1870 State superintendent of public instruction in Virginia. Charity and the Clergy.

=Ruggles, Henry Joseph.= N. Y., 1813- ----. A lawyer of New York city. The Method of Shakespeare as an Artist; The Plays of Shakespeare founded on Literary Forms. Hou.

=Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, Count.= Ms., 1753-1814. A statesman and philosopher. After serving Great Britain in the War of the Revolution, he entered the service of the Elector of Bavaria, rose to the position of minister of war, and was created Count of the Holy Roman Empire, taking his title Rumford from Rumford, now Concord, New Hampshire. Essays: Political, Economical, and Philosophical, 1798-1806. See Cuvier’s Éloge de Rumford; Sparks’s American Biography; Life by G. E. Ellis, supra; Atlantic Monthly, April, 1871.

=Runcie, Mrs. Constance [Faunt Le Roy].= Ind., 1836- ----. A writer whose home was many years at St. Joseph, Missouri. Divinely Led; Poems, Dramatic and Lyric; Woman’s Work; Felix Mendelssohn; Children’s Stories and Fables.

=Runkle, John Daniel.= N. Y., 1822-1902. A noted mathematician, professor of mathematics in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1870-78. Elements of Plane and Solid Analytic Geometry. Gi.

=Rupp, Isaac Daniel.= Pa., 1803-1878. An industrious local historian of Pennsylvania, who, besides writing histories of nearly thirty counties in his State, published also Events in Indian History; History of Religious Denominations in the United States; Early History of Western Pennsylvania; Thirty Thousand Names of German Emigrants.

=Ruschenberger= [roo´shĕn-ber-ḡer], =William S. W.= N. Y., 1807-1895. A noted naval surgeon and naturalist of Philadelphia. Elements of Natural History; A Voyage Around the World; Three Weeks in the Pacific; Notes and Commentaries during Voyages to Brazil and China; Lexicon of Natural History Terms; Account of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Philadelphia, 1787-1887; The Brothers Rogers.

=Rush, Benjamin.= Pa., 1745-1813. An eminent physician of Philadelphia who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence and treasurer of the United States Mint, 1799-1813. Treatise on Diseases of the Mind; Essays, Literary, Moral, and Philosophical; Sixteen Introductory Lectures. See Thacher’s Medical Biography; Allibone’s Dictionary; Appletons’ American Biography.

=Rush, Benjamin.= Pa., 1811-1877. Son of R. Rush, infra. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Appeal for the Union; Letters on the Rebellion, 1862.

=Rush, Jacob.= Pa., 1746-1820. Brother of B. Rush, 1st. A Philadelphia jurist. Charges on Moral and Religious Subjects; Character of Christ; Christian Baptism.

=Rush, James.= Pa., 1786-1869. Son of B. Rush, 1st. A distinguished Philadelphia citizen, the founder of the Ridgeway Library, to which he left one million dollars. He was a physician by profession, but lived the life of a recluse. The Philosophy of the Human Voice; Analysis of the Human Intellect; Rhymes of Contrast on Wisdom and Folly. Lip.

=Rush, Richard.= Pa., 1780-1859. Son of B. Rush, 1st, supra. A Philadelphia statesman who was secretary of the treasury, 1825-29. Codification of the Laws of the United States (1815); Court of London (1819-25); Washington in Domestic Life; Occasional Productions. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Russell, Addison Peale.= O., 1826- ----. An Ohio journalist and essayist, now (1897) living in retirement in Wilmington, Ohio. Half Tints; Library Notes; Thomas Corwin, a Sketch; Characteristics; A Club of One; In a Club Corner; Sub-Cœlum. Clke. Hou.

=Russell, Francis Thayer.= Ms., 1828- ----. Son of W. Russell, infra. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Waterbury, Connecticut, rector of St. Margaret’s School there, and voice instructor in the General Theological Seminary in New York city. The Use of the Voice.

=Russell, Irwin.= Mi., 1853-1879. A Southern writer of dialect verse. Dialect Poems. Cent.

=Russell, Israel Cook.= N. Y., 1852- ----. A professor of geology in the University of Michigan from 1892, and a geologist in the United States Geological Survey, 1880-92. Lakes of North America; Lake Lahontan; Quarternary History of Moro Valley; Glaciers of North America; Present and Extinct Lakes of Nevada; Volcanoes of North America, and many geological reports. Am. Gi.

=Russell, William.= S., 1798-1873. An elocutionist of note, widely known in his day as a teacher. Orthophony, or Vocal Culture; Pulpit Elocution; Lessons in Enunciation; Grammar of Composition. Hou.

=Russell, William Eustis.= Ms., 1857-1896. A popular Massachusetts statesman, mayor of his native city of Cambridge, 1884-88, and governor of Massachusetts, 1890-93. Speeches and Messages. Lit.

=Rutherford, Mildred.= Ga., 1852- ----. An educator of Athens, Georgia. Her series of literary text-books includes, English Authors; American Authors; Classic Authors; French and German Authors.

=Rutledge, Edward.= S. C., 1797-1832. An Episcopal clergyman who was professor of moral philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. The Family Altar; History of the Church of England.

=Ruttenber, Edward Manning.= Vt., 1824- ----. An antiquary of Newburg, New York, who has published a History of Newburg; History of Orange County; History of the Hudson River Tribes.

=Ryan, Abram Joseph.= “Father Ryan.” Va., 1839-1888. A Roman Catholic priest and verse-writer of the South whose verse has been much over-praised in some quarters. It is spirited and fluent, but has not the literary quality needful to preserve it. Poems, Patriotic, Religious, and Miscellaneous; The Conquered Banner, and Other Poems; A Crown for Our Queen.

=Ryan, Father.= See Ryan, Abram.

=Ryan, Mrs. Marah Ellis [Martin].= Pa., 1860- ----. An actress and novelist living at Fayette Springs, Pennsylvania. A Pagan of the Alleghanies; Merze; On Love’s Domains; Told in the Hills; Squaw Eloise.

=Ryan, Patrick John.= I., 1831- ----. A Roman Catholic archbishop of Philadelphia. What Catholics do Not Believe; Some of the Causes of Modern Religious Scepticism.

=Ryan, Stephen Vincent.= Ont., 1825-1896. The Roman Catholic bishop of Buffalo from 1860. The Claims of a Protestant Episcopal Bishop to Apostolical Succession and Valid Orders Disproved.

=Rylance, Joseph Hine.= E., 1826- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. Mark’s in the Bowery from 1871, and prominent among Broad Churchmen. Preachers and Preaching; Essays on Miracles; Social Questions; Pulpit Talks on Topics of the Time; Christian Rationalism. Wh.

S

=Sabin, Elijah Robinson.= Ct., 1776-1818. A Methodist evangelist of New England. The Road to Happiness; Charles Observator.

=Sabin, Joseph.= E., 1821-1881. An English publisher and bibliophile who came to America in 1848, and finally, settling in New York city, became widely known as a bookseller and collector of rare books. The Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England, with Scriptural Proofs; Bibliotheca Americana; Bibliography of Bibliographies.

=Sabine, Lorenzo.= N. H., 1803-1877. Son of E. R. Sabin, supra, but choosing another spelling of his surname. A secret government agent in relation to the Ashburton Treaty, and secretary of the Boston Board of Trade in his later years, as well as member of Congress from Massachusetts. The American Loyalists; Life of Commodore Edward Preble, in Sparks’s American Biography; Notes on Duels and Duelling; Report on the Principal Fisheries of the American Seas. Lit.

=Sachs, Bernard.= Md., 1858- ----. A physician of New York city, well known as a neurologist. Nervous and Mental Diseases of Childhood, and many professional monographs.

=Sachse, Julius Friedrich.= Pa.,1842- ----. A journalist of Philadelphia. The German Pietists of Provincial Pennsylvania; The Genesis of the Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania.

=Sadlier= [săd-leer´], =Anna Teresa.= Q., 1856- ----. Daughter of Mrs. Sadlier, infra. Seven Years and Mair; The King’s Page; Ethel Hamilton; Names that Live: a volume of biographies; Women of Catholicity; The Silent Woman of Alood; and many translations from the French, Italian, and German. Har. Sad.

=Sadlier, Mrs. Mary Anne [Madden].= I., 1820-1903. A prominent writer of Roman Catholic Sunday-school tales, wife of J. Sadlier, a New York publisher. Among her many writings are, Alice Riordan; Red Hand of Ulster; The Daughter of Tyrconnell; The Old House by the Boyne.

=Sadtler, Samuel Philip.= Pa., 1847- ----. A chemist of Philadelphia, professor in the University of Pennsylvania from 1875. Chemical Experimentation; Handbook of Industrial Organic Chemistry; A Text-Book of Chemistry (with H. Trimble). Lip.

=Safford, James Merrill.= O., 1822- ----. The State geologist of Tennessee from 1854, professor in Vanderbilt University from 1875. A Geological Reconnoissance of Tennessee; Geology of Tennessee.

=Safford, Truman Henry.= Vt., 1836-1901. An astronomer of note, famous in childhood as a mathematician, and professor of astronomy at Williams College from 1876. Mathematical Teaching and its Modern Methods.

=Safford, William Harrison.= W. Va., 1821- ----. A lawyer of Chillicothe, Ohio. Life of Blennerhasset; The Blennerhasset Papers. Clke.

=Salisbury, Edward Elbridge.= Ms., 1814-1901. A philologist of distinction, professor of Arabic at Yale University, 1841-56. General and Biographical Monographs (1885).

=Saltus, Edgar Evertson.= N. Y., 1858- ----. A novelist of New York city. Balzac: a Study; The Philosophy of Disenchantment; The Anatomy of Negation; Mr. Incoul’s Misadventure; The Truth about Tristram Varick; Eden; A Transaction in Hearts; When Dreams Come True; The Pace that Kills. Hou.

=Saltus, Francis Saltus.= N. Y., 1849-1889. Brother of E. E. Saltus, supra. An erratic verse-writer, much of whose life was passed abroad. His verse is not without a certain luxurious power, but it is wilful in the extreme, diffuse, and unpruned. Honey and Gall; Shadows and Ideals; The Witch of Endor; The Bayadere, and Other Sonnets. Lip. Put.

=Sampson, Ezra.= Ms., 1749-1823. A Congregational clergyman at Plympton, Massachusetts, 1775-95, subsequently a journalist in Hartford. Beauties of the Bible; The Historical Dictionary; The Sham Patriot Unmasked; The Brief Remarker on the Ways of Men. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit. Har.

=Sampson, John Patterson.= N. C., 1837- ----. A minister of the African Methodist church, prior to 1882 a lawyer in Washington. Common Sense Physiology; The Disappointed Bride; Temperament and Phrenology of Mixed Races; Jolly People; Illustrations in Theology.

=Sampson, William.= I., 1764-1836. A once famous lawyer of New York city who came to America in 1798, having previously been a barrister in Dublin. Sampson Against the Philistines, or the Reform of Lawsuits; Memoir of William Sampson, are his chief works.

=Samson, George Whitefield.= Ms., 1819-1896. A Baptist clergyman and educator of New York city, president of Rutgers Female College from 1871. A voluminous writer whose principal works comprise, Elements of Art Criticism; Physical Media in Spiritual Manifestations; The Atonement; The Divine Law as to Wines; Idols of Fashion and Culture; Tested Truths as to Relations of Capital and Labor; Outlines of the History of Ethics; Spiritualism Tested, originally issued as To Daimonion; Guide to Self-Education; The Bible Revisers’ Greek Text; Guide to Bible Interpretation. Lip.

=Samuels, Adelaide Frances.= Ms., 1845- ----. Sister of E. A. Samuels, infra. A writer for juveniles. Dick and Daisy Series; Dick Travers Abroad Series; Daisy Travers. Le.

=Samuels, Edward Augustus.= Ms., 1836- ----. A Boston naturalist. Ornithology and Oölogy of New England; Among the Birds; Mammalogy of New England; The Living World (with A. Arnold).

=Samuels, Samuel.= Pa., 1825- ----. A noted seaman and inventor who organized the Steam Heating Company of New York city in 1881. From Forecastle to Cabin. Har.

=Samuels, Mrs. Susan Blagge [Caldwell].= Ms., 1848- ----. Wife of E. A. Samuels, supra. A popular writer for juveniles. The Golden Rule Series. Le.

=Sanborn, Alvan Francis.= Ms., 1866- ----. Moody’s Lodging House, and Other Tenement Sketches; Meg McIntyre’s Raffle, and Other Stories. Cop.

=Sanborn, Edwin David.= N. H., 1808-1885. An educator who was professor of literature at Dartmouth College, 1863-85, and author of a History of New Hampshire.

=Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin.= N. H., 1831- ----. A noted journalist and reformer living at Concord, Massachusetts, and connected with The Springfield Republican from 1868. Life of Thoreau; Life and Letters of John Brown; Life of Dr. S. E. Howe, supra. Fu. Hou. Rob.

=Sanborn, Helen Josephine.= Me., 1857- ----. A Winter in Central America, a volume of travels. Le.

=Sanborn, Kate.= See Sanborn, Katherine.

=Sanborn, Katherine Abbott.= N. H., 1839- ----. Daughter of E. D. Sanborn, supra. A popular and versatile writer of ephemeral books, who was professor of English literature at Smith College prior to 1886. Home Pictures of English Poets; Vanity and Insanity of Genius; Adopting an Abandoned Farm; Abandoning an Adopted Farm; A Truthful Woman in Southern California; My Literary Zoo, and a number of compilations. Ap. Fu. Hou.

=Sanborn, Mrs. Mary [Farley].= 18-- - ----. A novelist of Boston. Sweet and Twenty; It Came to Pass; Paula Ferris. Le.

=Sandeman, Robert.= S., 1718 or 1723-1771. The founder of the Sandemanian sect, who came to America in 1764 and gathered a church at Danbury, Connecticut, where he died. Letters on Theron and Aspasio; Thoughts on Christianity.

=Sanders, Daniel Clarke.= Ms., 1768-1850. A Congregational clergyman and educator, president of the University of Vermont, 1800-14, subsequently pastor at Medfield, Massachusetts. A History of the Indian Wars with the First Settlers of the United States, which he published in 1812, is now a very rare book. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Sanders, Mrs. Elizabeth [Elkins].= Ms., 1762-1851. A writer of Salem, Massachusetts. Conversations, principally on the Aborigines of North America; First Settlers of New England; Reviews.

=Sanderson, John.= Pa., 1783-1844. An educator of Philadelphia, classical professor in the High School, 1836-44, and of some note in his day as a humourist. The American in Paris; The American in England; and the first two volumes of the Biography of the Signers of the Declarations of Independence. See Hart’s American Literature.

=Sanderson, John Philip.= Pa., 1818-1864. An officer in the Federal army. Views and Opinions of American Statesmen on Foreign Immigration; Republican Landmarks.

=Sanderson, Joseph.= I., 1823- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman in New York and other localities. Jesus on the Holy Mount; Memorial Tributes; The Bow in the Cloud.

=Sands, Alexander Hamilton.= Va., 1828-1887. A lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, who entered the Baptist ministry not long before his death. History of a Suit in Equity; Recreations of a Southern Barrister; Practical Law Forms; Sermons by a Village Pastor.

=Sands, Robert Charles.= N. Y., 1799-1832. A journalist and verse-writer of New York city who wrote a Life of Paul Jones; The Talisman (with Bryant and Verplanck); co-author with Eastburn of the once noted poem Yamoyden. See Life by Verplanck; Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Sanford, Henry Shelton.= Ct., 1823-1891. A diplomatist who was secretary of the United States legation at Paris, 1849-53, chargé d’affaires there till April, 1854, and minister to Belgium, 1861-69; and who founded the town of Sanford, Florida, in 1870. Penal Codes in Europe; The Avendslood Correspondence.

=Sangster, Mrs. Margaret Elizabeth [Munson].= N. Y., 1838- ----. A journalist of New York city, editor of Harper’s Bazar, 1889-99, and a popular verse-writer whose domestic poems display sentiment of a very genuine kind. Her writings in verse comprise, On the Road Home; Easter Bells; Poems of the Household; Home Fairies and Heart Flowers. She has also written a Manual of Missions of the Reformed Church, and several books for girls, including Hours with Girls; Home and Heaven; Splendid Times; Five Happy Weeks; May Stanhope and her Friend; Miss Dewbury’s School; Little Knights and Ladies. Maidie’s Problem. Har. Hou. Meth. Wh.

=Santayana, George.= Sp., 1863- ----. An instructor in philosophy at Harvard University. Sonnets and Other Poems; The Sense of Beauty: being the Outlines of Æsthetic Theory. St.

=Sargent, Charles Sprague.= Ms., 1841- ----. Grand-nephew of L. M. Sargent, infra. A botanist of eminence, Arnold professor of arboriculture at Harvard University from 1879, editor of Garden and Forest from 1888. The Silva of North America; Report on the Forests of North America; The Woods of the United States; Notes on the Forest Flora of Japan. Ap. Hou.

=Sargent, Epes.= Ms., 1813-1880. A once prominent Boston journalist and littérateur, who perhaps will be longest remembered by the familiar poem, Life on the Ocean Wave. His verse includes, Songs of the Sea; Poems; The Woman who Dared. In fiction he published, Wealth and Worth; What’s to be Done?; Fleetwood; Peculiar, a tale of the Great Rebellion. He wrote the dramas, Bride of Genoa; Velasco; Change Makes Change; The Priestess. His miscellaneous writings comprise, Life of Henry Clay; American Adventures by Land and Sea; Arctic Adventures by Sea and Land; Original Dialogues; Planchette, the Despair of Science; Memoir of Franklin. He edited a popular series of school and critical editions of many English poets, and Harper’s Cyclopedia of Poetry. Co. Har. Le. Rob.

=Sargent, Fitzwilliam.= Ms., 1820- ----. Grand-nephew of W. Sargent, 1st, and father of John Singer Sargent, the artist. A Philadelphia surgeon who went to live in Switzerland in 1854. Bandaging and Other Operations of Minor Surgery.

=Sargent, Henry Winthrop.= Ms., 1810-1882. A noted horticulturist of Fishkill, New York. Skeleton Routes through England, etc.; Treatise on Landscape Gardening. Ap.

=Sargent, John Osborne.= Ms., 1811-1891. Brother of E. Sargent, supra. A lawyer and journalist of New York city. He translated Grün’s Last Knight; and published, also, Papers for the Times by a Berkshire Farmer; and Horatian Echoes: Translation of the Odes of Horace. Hou.

=Sargent, Lucius Manlius.= Ms., 1786-1867. Brother of H. W. Sargent, supra, and a distant cousin of W. Sargent, 1st, infra. A once prominent temperance advocate of Boston. Temperance Tales, a very popular work; Dealings with the Dead; The Irrepressible Conflict; Hubert and Ellen, and Other Poems; Translations from the Minor Latin Poets. See Reminiscences of, by Sheppard, 1889.

=Sargent, Nathan.= Vt., 1794-1875. A journalist and politician. Life of Henry Clay; Public Men and Events (1875).

=Sargent, Winthrop.= Ms., 1753-1820. A patriot soldier in the Revolutionary War, governor of Northwest Territory, 1798-1800, and of Mississippi Territory, 1790 and 1801. Papers Relating to Certain American Antiquities; Boston, a poem.

=Sargent, Winthrop.= Pa., 1825-1870. Grandson of W. Sargent, supra. A lawyer of New York city. Life of Major André, a work displaying much research. He also edited the History of Braddock’s Expedition, from Original Papers.

=Sartwell, Henry Parker.= Ms., 1792-1867. A botanist and physician of Penn Yan, New York, who from 1840 devoted his attention to the genus Carex. His herbarium of more than eight thousand specimens is in Hamilton College. Carices Americanæ Exsiccatæ.

=Satterlee, Henry Yates.= N. Y., 1843- ----. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Washington, prior to 1896 a prominent clergyman of New York city. A Creedless Gospel and the Gospel Creed. Scr.

=Saunders, Frederick.= E., 1807-1902. The librarian of the Astor Library, New York city, 1859-96. New York in a Nut-Shell; Salad for the Solitary and Salad for the Social; Memoirs of the Great Metropolis; The Story of Some Famous Books; Story of the Discovery of the New World by Columbus (1892); Pastime Papers; Stray Leaves of Literature; Character Studies. Ran. Wh.

=Savage, Edward Hartwell.= N. H., 1812-1893. A Boston policeman and justice of the peace. Boston Police Recollections; Five Thousand Boston Events, 1630-1880.

=Savage, James.= Ms., 1784-1873. A Boston lawyer eminent as a genealogist. He is best known as the author of a Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England, upon which twenty years of labour were expended.

=Savage, John.= I., 1828-1888. A journalist of New York city, and subsequently of Washington. Poems; Picturesque Ireland; Lays of the Folkstead; Modern Revolutionary History of Ireland; Our Living Representative Men; Life of Andrew Johnson; Fenian Heroes and Martyrs; Sibyl, a tragedy; and several other plays.

=Savage, Minot Judson.= Me., 1841- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of prominence among radical thinkers, pastor of Unity Church, Boston, 1874-96, and, since the latter year, of the Church of the Messiah in New York city. Christianity the Science of Manhood; Beliefs About Man; Belief in God; Life Questions; Poems; The Religion of Evolution; The Religion of Morals; Talks About Jesus; The Modern Sphinx; Man, Woman, and Child; Social Problems; My Creed; Religious Reconstruction; Signs of the Times; Helps for Daily Living; Four Great Questions Concerning God; The Evolution of Christianity; Is This a Good World?; Jesus and Modern Life; A Man; Light on the Cloud; Bluffton, a novel; The Minister’s Handbook. See Men of Progress of Massachusetts. El.

=Savage, Philip Henry.= Ms., 1868-1899. Son of M. J. Savage, supra. A Boston littérateur. First Poems and Fragments. Cop.

=Savage, Richard Henry.= N. Y., 1846-1903. A novelist. My Official Wife; For Life and Love; A Daughter of Judas; The Anarchist; Delilah of Harlem; In the Old Chateau; The Little Judge of Lagunitas; The Masked Venus; The Flying Halcyon; Miss Devereux of the Mariquita; After Many Years, and Other Poems. Ne.

=Sawtelle, Henry Allen.= Me., 1832-1885. A Baptist clergyman of San Francisco and elsewhere. Open Communion; Things to Think Of. Ne.

=Sawyer, Mrs. Caroline Mehetabel [Fisher].= Ms., 1812-1894. Wife of T. J. Sawyer, infra. The Poetry of Hebrew Tradition.

=Sawyer, Frederick William.= Me., 1810-1875. A Boston lawyer. Merchant’s and Shipmaster’s Guide; Plea for Amusements; Hits at American Whims.

=Sawyer, Leicester Ambrose.= N. Y., 1807-1898. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, after 1860 a resident of Whitesboro, New York, prominent as a biblical scholar. Elements of Biblical Interpretation; Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; A Critical Exposition of Baptism; Organic Christianity; Reconstruction of Bible Theories. He made a translation of the Scriptures, of which the New Testament was published.

=Sawyer, Lemuel.= N. C., 1777-1852. A North Carolina lawyer. Life of John Randolph; Autobiography.

=Sawyer, Thomas Jefferson.= Vt., 1804-1899. A Universalist clergyman and educator, after 1869 a professor of theology at Tufts College. Doctrine of Eternal Salvation; Who Is God,--the Son or the Father?; Endless Punishment in the Very Words of its Advocates.

=Saxe, John Godfrey.= Vt., 1816-1887. A lawyer and littérateur of Vermont and subsequently of New York, widely known as a humourous poet. Progress; A New Rape of the Lock; The Proud Miss McBride; The Money King; Clever Songs of Many Nations; The Masquerade; Leisure Day Rhymes; Fables and Lyrics in Rhyme. Hou.

=Say, Thomas.= Pa., 1787-1834. A zoölogist who was the first curator of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. In 1825 he removed to New Harmony, Indiana, and was the agent of the Owen socialist colony there. Vocabularies of Indian Languages; American Conchology; American Entomology. His Complete Writings on Conchology have been edited by Binney, and those on Entomology by Le Conte. See Memoir by Ord.

=Sayles, John.= N. Y., 1825-1897. A Texas jurist, professor in Baylor University from 1880. Practice in the District and Supreme Courts of Texas; Civil Jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in the State of Texas; Principles of Pleading in Civil Actions in the Courts of Texas; Probate Laws of Texas; Laws of Business; Constitution of Texas, with Notes; Notes on Texan Reports, include the larger number of his professional writings. See Bibliography of Texas.

=Sayre, Lewis Albert.= N. J., 1820-1900. A distinguished surgeon of New York city, professor of orthopædic surgery in Bellevue Hospital College. Practical Manual of the Treatment of Club-Foot; Lectures on Orthopædic Surgery; Spinal Curvature and its Treatment. Ap.

=Scarborough, William Saunders.= Ga., 1852- ----. An educator of African descent, professor of ancient languages in Wilberforce University, Ohio, from 1877. First Lessons in Greek; Theory and Functions of the Thematic Vowel in the Greek Verb.

=Schaeffer= [shā´fe̯r], =Charles Frederick.= Pa., 1807-1879. Son of F. D. Shaeffer, infra. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor of systematic theology in the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia, 1864-76. A System of Lutheran Theology is one of several important works which he translated from the German. See American Lutheran Biographies.

=Schaeffer, Charles William.= Md., 1813-1896. Nephew of C. F. Schaeffer, supra. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of eminence, professor of church history in the Philadelphia Lutheran Seminary from 1864. History of the Lutheran Church in the United States; Family Prayers.

=Schaeffer, Frederick David.= G., 1760-1836. A once prominent Lutheran clergyman of Philadelphia. Antwort auf eine Vertheidigung der Methodisten; Eine herzliche Anrede.

=Schaff= [shäf], =Philip.= Sd., 1819-1893. A distinguished German Reformed divine who came to the United States in 1844, and was professor of church history in the seminary at Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, 1844-63. In 1873 he became professor of sacred literature in Union Seminary in New York city. Principles of Protestantism; History of the Christian Church; Creeds of Christendom; Theological Propædeutics; Christ and Christianity; Critical Edition of the Heidelberg Catechism; Bible Revision; Through Bible Lands; Progress of Religious Freedom; Church and State in the United States; The Person of Christ; Literature and Poetry; A Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version, include his principal original works. He has edited the Schaff-Herzog Encyclopædia of Religious Knowledge; Lange’s Commentary, and other important works. Fu. Har. Ran. Scr. Wh.

=Scharf, John Thomas.= Md., 1843-1898. An historical writer of Baltimore. Chronicles of Baltimore; History of Maryland; History of Baltimore; History of Western Maryland; History of the City of St. Louis; History of Philadelphia; History of the Confederate Navy; History of Delaware.

=Schauffler= [show´fler], =William Gottlieb.= G., 1798-1883. A Congregational missionary in Turkey well known as a linguist. He translated the Bible into Hebrew-Spanish and Turkish, and also wrote Essay on the Right Use of Property; Meditations on the Last Days of Christ. See Autobiography, 1887. Ran.

=Schayer, Mrs. Julia [Thompson] [von Storch].= Me., 1840- ----. A Washington writer. The Tiger Lily, and Other Stories.

=Schem= [shem], =Alexander Jacob.= G., 1826-1881. A statistician of note who was assistant superintendent of schools in New York city, 1874-81. Latin-English Dictionary (with G. Crooks, supra); Statistics of the World; Cyclopædia of Education (with H. Kiddle, supra).

=Schenck, William Edward.= N. J., 1819-1903. A Presbyterian minister of Philadelphia. Children in Heaven; Nearing Home; The Fountain for Sin; Church Extension in Cities.

=Schereschewsky, Samuel Isaac Joseph.= R., 1831- ----. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of the China Mission. He was consecrated in 1877, but resigned his office in 1883 and lived for some years in Cambridge, but since 1895 has lived at Shanghai. He is the author of a translation of the Bible into Chinese.

=Schiefflin= [shĕf´lin], =Samuel Bradhurst.= N. Y., 1811-1900. A business man of New York city who wrote on religious topics. Message to the Ruling Elders; Foundations of History; Words to Christian Teachers; The Church in Ephesus and the Presbyterian and Reformed Churches.

=Schindler, Solomon.= Sil., 1842- ----. A Hebrew clergyman now (1897) living in Cambridge but formerly in charge of Temple Adath Israel, Boston. Young West, a sequel to “Looking Backward;” Messianic Exhortations and Modern Judaism; Dissolving Views on the History of Judaism. Ar. Le.

=Schley, Winfield Scott.= Md., 1839- ----. A naval officer and explorer who published (with J. R. Soley, infra) The Rescue of Greeley. Scr.

=Schmauk= [shmowk], =Theodore Emmanuel.= Pa., 1860- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, editor of The Lutheran from 1889, and author of The Negative Criticism.

=Schmidt, Henry Immanuel.= Pa., 1806-1889. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of New York city, professor of German in Columbia College, 1848-80. History of Education; The Lutheran Doctrine of the Lord’s Supper; Course of American Geography.

=Schmucker, Beale Melanchthon.= Pa., 1827-1888. Son of S. S. Schmucker, infra. A Lutheran clergyman of Pittsville, Pennsylvania, 1881-88. A liturgical scholar of note, editor of The Church Book of the General Council, and of The Church Service, 1888.

=Schmucker, Samuel Mosheim.= Va., 1823-1863. Son of S. S. Schmucker, infra. A Philadelphia author who was in the early part of his career a Lutheran minister. His various writings, which display industry rather than original talent, comprise for the most part Errors of Modern Infidelity; The Spanish Wife, a play; History of the Four Georges; History of All Religions; Court and Reign of Catharine II.; Lives of Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, Webster, Clay, Dr. Kane, Frémont; Memorable Scenes in French History; History of the Modern Jews; History of Napoleon Third; Arctic Explorations; History of the Civil War in the United States (1863). Co.

=Schmucker, Samuel Simon.= Md., 1799-1873. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor in the Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, 1826-64. He was an advocate of American Lutheranism as characterized by indifference to the distinctive doctrines of Lutheranism. Elements of Popular Theology; Psychology; Lutheran Manual; Lutheran Symbols, or American Lutheranism Vindicated; Church of the Redeemer; The Unity of Christ’s Church, are his chief works. Ran.

=Schneck, Benjamin Shroder.= Pa., 1806-1874. A Lutheran clergyman, pastor at Chambersburg from 1855. Die deutsche Kanzel; The Burning of Chambersburg; Mercersburg Theology.

=Schodde, George Henry.= Pa., 1854- ----. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of Ohio, professor at Capitol University from 1880. The Book of Enoch translated from the Ethiopic, with Notes; A Day in Capernaum, from the German of Delitzsch.

=Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe.= N. Y., 1793-1864. An eminent ethnologist and geologist, thirty years of whose life were spent among the Indians, chiefly at Mackinaw. His later life was passed in Washington. He discovered the source of the Mississippi. Among his many works are included, View of the Lead Mines of Missouri; Algic Discoveries; Historical Information Concerning the Indian Tribes; Narrative of an Expedition to Itasca Lake; Oneota, reissued as The Indian and His Wigwam; The Myth of Hiawatha; Personal Memoirs of Thirty Years’ Residence with Indian Tribes; Scenes and Adventures in the Ozark Mountains; Life of General Cass, and several volumes of verse. His talents lay rather in accumulating facts than in perceiving their relations to each other. Lip.

=Schoolcraft, Mrs. Mary [Howard].= S. C., ---------. Wife of H. R. Schoolcraft, supra. The Black Gauntlet, a Tale of Plantation Life. Lip.

=Schouler= [skool´er], =James.= Ms., 1839- ----. Son of W. Schouler, infra. A lawyer and historian of Boston, professor in the law school of Boston University. The Law of Bailments; The Law of Personal Property; The Law of Husband and Wife; Law of Executors and Administrators; Law of Wills; A History of the United States under the Constitution; Life of Thomas Jefferson; Historical Briefs. Do. Lit.

=Schouler, William.= S., 1814-1872. A journalist of Boston who published A History of Massachusetts during the Civil War.

=Schroeder, John Frederick.= Md., 1800-1857. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Flushing, Long Island. Life of Washington; Maxims of Washington; Class Book of Astronomy; Sunday Addresses. Ap.

=Schuette, Conrad Herman Louis.= G., 1843- ----. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of Ohio, professor in Capitol University from 1872. Church Member’s Manual; The State, the Church, and the School.

=Schulte, Mrs. Mary Jemima [McColl].= E., 1847- ----. A verse-writer of Jersey City. Bide a Wee, and Other Poems.

=Schurman, Jacob Gould.= P. E. I., 1854- ----. A Canadian educator, since 1892 president of Cornell University. Kantian Ethics and the Ethics of Evolution; The Ethical Import of Darwinism; Belief in God; Agnosticism and Religion. Scr.

=Schurz= [shoorts], =Carl.= P., 1829- ----. A statesman of eminence, active in the support of civil service reform. He came to America in 1852; settled in Missouri, from which he went to Congress as senator; served as general in the Union army during the Civil War; removed to New York city in 1875, and was editor of The Evening Post, 1881-84. Speeches; Life of Henry Clay; Abraham Lincoln: an Essay. Hou. Le. Lip.

=Schuyler= [sky´le̯r], =Aaron.= N. Y., 1828- ----. A mathematician who was professor in Baldwin University and president of that institution, 1875-81, and since 1885 a professor in Kansas Wesleyan University. The Human Soul; Higher Arithmetic; Principles of Logic; Surveying and Navigation; Elements of Geometry; Empirical and Rational Psychology.

=Schuyler, Anthony.= N. Y., 1816-1900. An Episcopal clergyman, rector of Grace Church at Orange, New Jersey, from 1868, and author of Household Religion.

=Schuyler, Eugene.= N. Y., 1840-1890. Son of G. W. Schuyler, infra. A diplomatist who was United States secretary of legation at St. Petersburg, 1870-76, secretary of legation and consul-general at Constantinople, 1876-78, and minister to Greece, 1882-84. Peter the Great as Ruler and Reformer; Turkistan; American Diplomacy and the Furtherance of Commerce. Scr.

=Schuyler, George Washington.= N. Y., 1810-1888. A prominent State official of New York for many years. Colonial New York; Philip Schuyler and his Family. Scr.

=Schuyler, Montgomery.= N. Y., 1814-1896. Cousin of Anthony Schuyler, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of St. Louis, rector of Christ Church from 1854. The Church: its Ministry and Worship; The Pioneer Church.

=Schuyler, Montgomery.= N. Y., 1843- ----. Son of Anthony Schuyler, supra. A journalist of New York city on the staff of The Times. Studies in American Architecture. Har.

=Schwatka, Frederick.= Ill., 1849-1892. A naval officer and explorer. In the Land of Cave and Cliff Dwellers; Nimrod in the North; Along Alaska’s Great River; The Children of the Cold. See Schwatka’s Search, by W. H. Gilder, supra. Cas.

=Schweinitz, Edmund Alexander de.= Pa., 1825-1887. Son of L. D. de Schweinitz, infra. A Moravian bishop in Pennsylvania, president of the Moravian College, 1867-84. The Moravian Manual; The Moravian Episcopate; Life of Zeisberger, the Western Pioneer and Apostle to the Indians; Some of the Fathers of the American Moravian Church; History of the Church known as the Unitas Fratrum; Systematic Benevolence.

=Schweinitz, George Edmund de.= Pa., 1858- ----. Son of E. A. de Schweinitz, supra. A Philadelphia physician of note as an ophthalmologist who has written Diseases of the Eye, and professional monographs and papers.

=Schweinitz, Lewis David de.= Pa., 1780-1834. A Moravian clergyman of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, famous in his day as a botanist. Conspectus Fungorum Lusatiæ; Synopsis Fungorum Carolinæ Superioris; Synopsis Fungorum in America; Boreali Media Digentium. See Memoir of, by W. R. Johnson, supra.

=Scollard, Clinton.= N. Y., 1860- ----. An educator of Clinton, New York, professor of English literature and Anglo-Saxon at Hamilton College, 1888-1896, and a well-known poet of the day. His writings in verse include, Pictures in Song; With Reed and Lyre; Old and New World Lyrics; Giovio and Giulia; Songs of Sunrise Lands; Hills of Song; Skenandoa; A Boy’s Book of Rhyme. In prose he has published, Under Summer Skies; On Sunny Shores; A Man-at-Arms. Hou. Lo. Sto.

=Scott, Charles.= Tn., 1811-1861. Son of E. Scott, infra. A lawyer of Jackson, Mississippi. Analogy of Ancient Craft Masonry to Natural and Revealed Religion; The Keystone of the Masonic Arch.

=Scott, Eben[ezer] Greenough.= Pa., 1836- ----. A writer of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. Development of Constitutional Liberty in the English Colonies of America; Commentaries upon the Intestate System of Pennsylvania; Reconstruction During the Civil War in the United States of America. Hou. Put.

=Scott, Edward.= Va., 1774-1852. A Tennessee lawyer, prominent in the State’s early history, who published Laws of the State of Tennessee, in 1822.

=Scott, Henry Lee.= N. C., 1814-1886. Son-in-law of Winfield Scott, infra. An army officer who served in the Mexican and Civil Wars, and was the author of A Military Dictionary.

=Scott, John.= Pa., 1820- ----. A Methodist Protestant clergyman of Cincinnati. Pulpit Echoes; The Land of Sojourn.

=Scott, Mrs. Julia H---- [Kinney].= Pa., 1809-1842. A verse-writer of Towanda, Pennsylvania, whose Poems, with Memoir, were posthumously published.

=Scott, Robert Nicholson.= Tn., 1838-1887. Son of W. A. Scott, infra. An army officer, in charge of the publication of war records at Washington, 1877-87, who published a Digest of the Military Laws of the United States.

=Scott, William Anderson.= Tn., 1813-1885. A Presbyterian clergyman of San Francisco, professor in the Theological Seminary there from 1871. The Bible and Politics; Strauss and Renan; Daniel: a Model for Young Men; Achan in El Dorado; The Giant Judge; The Church in the Army; The Christ of the Apostles’ Creed; Trade and Letters, include his chief work.

=Scott, Winfield.= Va., 1786-1866. A famous general who served in the War of 1812, and was commander-in-chief of the American army during the war with Mexico. General Regulations of the Army; System of Infantry and Rifle Tactics; Autobiography (1864). See Lives by Mansfield, 1846, Headley, 1852, Victor, 1861; and United States histories.

=Scouller, James Brown.= Pa., 1820-1899. A prominent United Presbyterian clergyman. Manual of the United Presbyterian Church; History of the United Presbyterian Church; Calvinism: its History and Influence.

=Scoville, Joseph A----.= “Walter Barrett.” Ct., 1811-1864. A journalist of New York city, clerk of the Common Council, and at one period private secretary to Calhoun. Adventures of Clarence Bolton, or Life in New York; The Old Merchants of New York; Vigor, a novel; Marion.

=Scripture, Edward Wheeler.= N. H., 1864- ----. A scientist, director of the physical laboratory of Yale University. Thinking, Feeling, Doing, a popular psychology; The New Psychology; Studies from the Yale Physical Laboratory. Among his various monographs the more important are those on the association of ideas and the measurement of hallucinations. Fl.

=Scudder, Eliza.= Ms., 1821-1896. Cousin of H. E. Scudder, infra. A hymn-writer of Massachusetts. Hymns and Sonnets. Hou.

=Scudder, Henry Martyn.= Cy., 1822-1895. Son of J. Scudder, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman and missionary, pastor in Chicago, 1883-87, and from 1887 a missionary in Japan. He published, in the Tamil language, Liturgy of the Dutch Reformed Church; The Bazaar Book; Sweet Savors of Divine Truth; Spiritual Teaching.

=Scudder, Horace Elisha.= Ms., 1838-1902. A Boston littérateur, editor of The Atlantic Monthly, 1890-1898. Seven Little People and their Friends; Dream Children; Stories from my Attic; The Dwellers in Five-Sisters Court; Stories and Romances; Boston Town; Life of Noah Webster; A History of the United States; A Short History of the United States; Book of Fables; Book of Folk Stories; George Washington: an Historical Biography; Men and Letters, essays; Childhood in Literature and Art; Recollections of Samuel Breck; The Bodley Books, a series of popular juveniles; James Russell Lowell: a Biography. Co. Hou. Scr. Sh.

=Scudder, John.= N. J., 1793-1855. A Dutch Reformed missionary and physician in Ceylon, 1820-39. Letters from the East; Letters to Pious Young Men; Promises for Passing Over Jordan. See Memoir by J. B. Waterbury, 1856.

=Scudder, John Milton.= O., 1829-1894. A Cincinnati physician and educator, long a professor in the Eclectic Medical Institute. Diseases of Women; Principles of Medicine; Specific Medication; The Reproductive Organs; Specific Diagnosis.

=Scudder, Moses Lewis.= Ms., 1843- ----. A broker of Chicago. Brief Honors, a romance; Almost an Englishman; National Banking; Congested Prices; The Labor Value Prophecy.

=Scudder, Samuel Hubbard.= Ms., 1837- ----. Brother of H. E. Scudder, supra. A naturalist of Cambridge. The Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada; Butterflies, their Structure, Changes, and Life Histories; Brief Guide to the Commoner Butterflies; The Life of a Butterfly; Frail Children of the Air: Excursions into the World of Butterflies; A Century of Orthoptera; The Fossil Insects of North America. Ho. Hou. Mac.

=Scudder, Vida Dutton.= E. I., 1861- ----. Niece of H. E. Scudder, supra. An educator of Massachusetts, professor in Wellesley College. How the Rain Sprites were Freed; The Life of the Spirit in the Modern English Poets; The Witness of Denial; The Prometheus Unbound of Shelley. Dut. He. Hou.

=Seabury, Samuel.= Ct., 1729-1796. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Connecticut. He was the first American bishop and the first presiding bishop. Being refused consecration by the Anglican Church, he was consecrated at Aberdeen, Scotland, and through him the Episcopal Church in the United States derives its succession from the Church in Scotland. During the early days of the American Revolution he attracted much attention by his pamphlets signed A. W. Farmer, which sharply criticised the actions of the patriots. They include, Free Thoughts on the Proceedings of the Continental Congress; The Continental Congress Canvassed; View of the Controversy between Great Britain and her English Colonies. His Sermons have been issued in three volumes. See Life by E. E. Beardsley, 1881; Seabury Centennial Commemoration.

=Seabury, Samuel.= Ct., 1801-1872. Grandson of S. Seabury, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, prominent among High Churchmen, and professor in the General Theological Seminary. Continuity of the Church of England; Mary the Virgin; Historical Sketch of Augustine of Hippo; Supremacy of Conscience; American Slavery Justified; Theory and Use of the Calendar; Discourses on the Holy Calendar.

=Seabury, William Jones.= N. Y., 1837- ----. Son of Samuel Seabury, 2d. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of the Church of the Annunciation from 1868, and professor in the General Seminary from 1873. Suggestions in Aid of Devotion; Introduction to the Study of Ecclesiastical Polity. See American Church Review, July, 1885.

=Seaman, Ezra Champion.= N. Y., 1805-1880. The comptroller of the treasury, 1849-53, and subsequently inspector of the Michigan State prisons. Essays on the Progress of Nations; Commentaries on the Constitution, Laws, People, and History of the United States; The American System of Government; Views of Nature.

=Seaman, Valentine.= L. I., 1770-1817. A once prominent physician of New York city, active in introducing the practice of vaccination. Waters of Saratoga; Midwife’s Monitor; On Vaccination.

=Searing, Mrs. Laura Catherine [Redden].= “Howard Glyndon.” Md., 1840- ----. A verse-writer and journalist now living in California, but from 1868-76 on the staff of The New York Mail. Sounds from Secret Chambers; Poems; Idylls of Battle; Brother and Sister. Hou.

=Searle, Arthur.= E., 1837- ----. A professor of astronomy at Harvard University from 1887, who has published Outlines of Astronomy.

=Searle, January.= See Phillips, E. S.

=Searles, William Henry.= O., 1837- ----. A civil engineer. Field Engineering; The Railroad Spiral. Wil.

=Sears, Barnas.= Ms., 1802-1880. A Baptist clergyman and educator of prominence in his day. He was professor at Newton Theological Seminary, 1836-48, and president of Brown University, 1855-67. Life of Luther; The Ciceronian or Prussian Mode of Instruction in Latin; Essays on Classical Literature (with B. B. Edwards, supra, and C. C. Felton, supra).

=Sears, Edmund Hamilton.= Ms., 1810-1876. A Unitarian clergyman and religious poet, pastor at Weston, Massachusetts, 1865-76. He wrote the familiar Christmas hymn, “Calm on the listening ear of night.” Regeneration; Foregleams and Foreshadows of Immortality, originally published as Athanasia; The Fourth Gospel the Heart of Christ; Christ in the Life; Sermons and Songs of the Christian Life; Pictures of the Olden Time; That Glorious Song of Old. A. U. A. Le.

=Sears, George W----.= Ms., 1821- ----. A writer of Wellsboro, Pennsylvania, who served in the Federal army during the Civil War. Woodcraft; Forest Runes (verse).

=Sears, [Joseph] Hamblen.= Ms., 1865- ----. A writer of New York city. The Governments of the World To-Day. Fl.

=Seawell, Molly Elliot.= Va., 1860- ----. A Washington writer and newspaper correspondent. The Sprightly Romance of Marsac; Hale Weston, a novel; The Berkeleys and their Neighbors; Throckmorton; Maid Marian, and Other Stories; Children of Destiny; Little Jarvis; Midshipman Paulding; Paul Jones; Decatur and Somers; Through Thick and Thin; A Strange, Sad Comedy; Quarterdeck and Fok’sle. Ap. Lo. We.

=Seccomb, John.= Ms., 1708-1792. A Congregational minister at Harvard, Massachusetts, 1733-57, and after 1763 at Chester, Nova Scotia. He was the author of Father Abbey’s Will, a once extremely popular piece of doggerel, which was followed by The Letter to the Widow Abbey, a work as destitute of genuine wit and worth as its predecessor. See Tyler’s American Literature; Hart’s American Literature.

=Seccomb, Joseph.= Ms., 1706-1760. Brother of J. Seccomb, supra. A Congregational minister at Kingston, New Hampshire, from 1737, and author of A Plain and Brief Rehearsal of the Operations of Christ as God.

=Sedgwick, Arthur George.= N. Y., 1844- ----. Son of T. Sedgwick, 2d, infra. A lawyer of New York city. Principles and Practices Governing the Trial of Title to Land (with F. S. Wait); Elements of Damages. Lit.

=Sedgwick, Catharine Maria.= Ms., 1789-1867. A once famous novelist whose name was for a time the foremost among those of American literary women. Her work has very real excellence, but its merits were hardly of a quality to preserve it, and it is now superseded by the writings of others who have cultivated the same field with even more skill. Hope Leslie; Redwood; The New England Tale; The Traveller; Clarence; Le Bossu; The Linwoods; Married or Single (1857), include her novels. Other works for older readers are, Letters from Abroad; Historical Sketches of the Old Painters. Her juvenile moral tales, of which Live and Let Live; Poor Rich Man and Rich Poor Man; Means and Ends; Morals and Manners, are good examples, are as entertaining as they were popular. For a half century she was principal of a school for girls in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, her native town. See Life and Letters, 1871. Har.

=Sedgwick, Mrs. Elizabeth Buckminster [Dwight].= Ms., 1791-1864. Sister-in-law of C. M. Sedgwick, supra, and a teacher for many years. Beatitudes and Pleasant Sundays; Lessons Without Books; A Talk with My Pupils; Stories of the Spanish Conquest.

=Sedgwick, Henry Dwight.= Ms., 1785-1831. Brother of C. M. Sedgwick, supra. An eminent lawyer of New York city who was a noted opponent of slavery, and author of English Practice of the Common Law.

=Sedgwick, Mrs. Susan Livingston [Ridley].= 1789-1867. Wife of T. Sedgwick, 1st, infra. A writer for young people. Walter Thornley; The Morals of Pleasure; The Young Emigrants; Allen Prescott; Alida, or Town and Country. Har.

=Sedgwick, Theodore.= Ms., 1780-1839. Brother of C. M. Sedgwick, supra. A lawyer of Albany, and from 1819 a resident of Stockbridge, Massachusetts. Public and Private Economy; Hints to my Countrymen.

=Sedgwick, Theodore.= N. Y., 1811-1859. Son of T. Sedgwick, supra. A lawyer of New York city. Rules which Govern the Interpretation and Application of Statutory and Court Law; Treatise on the Measure of Damages, a work of much importance.

=Seeley, Charles Sumner.= See Munday, J. W.

=Seely, [Edward] Howard.= N. Y., 1856-1894. A littérateur of New York city. A Lone Star Bo-peep, and Other Tales of Texan Ranch Life; A Ranchman’s Stories; A Nymph of the West; The Jonah of Lucky Valley, and Other Stories; A Border Leander. Ap. Do. Har.

=Seelye= [see´le], =Mrs. Elizabeth [Eggleston].= Min., 1858- ----. Daughter of E. Eggleston, supra. A writer living at Lake George, New York. The Story of Columbus; Montezuma; Brandt and Red Jacket; Pocahontas; Tecumseh (with E. Eggleston); The Story of Washington. _Ap. Do._

=Seelye, Julius Hawley.= Ct., 1824-1895. A Congregational clergyman long prominent as an educator. He was a professor of Amherst College from 1850, and its president, 1876-90. Natural Religion; The Way, the Truth, and the Life; Christian Missions; Duty. Do.

=Seemuller, Mrs. Annie Moncure [Crane].= Md., 1838-1872. A novelist of New York city whose somewhat striking fictions were popular for a brief period. Emily Chester; Reginald Archer; Opportunity. See Boyle’s Distinguished Marylanders.

=Seguin= [sā-gwin´], =Edouard= F., 1812-1880. A French physician who came to the United States in 1848 and whose specialty was the training of idiots. Among his many works on this and other professional topics are, New Facts Concerning Idiocy; Family Thermometer; Medical Thermometry; Théorie et practique de l’éducation des idiots; Traitement moral, hygiène et éducation des idiots et des autre enfants arrièrés; Idiocy and its Treatment by the Physiological Methods.

=Segur, Seth Willard.= Vt., 1831-1875. A Congregational clergyman of Ohio and subsequently of Massachusetts. Relation and Responsibilities of Pastor and People; The True Manhood; The Nation’s Hope; National Blessings and Duties.

=Seiss= [seess], =Joseph Augustus.= Md., 1823-1904. An eminent Lutheran clergyman of Philadelphia, pastor of the Church of the Holy Communion, and a voluminous writer on religious themes. Among his many works are, The Gospel in the Stars; The Miracle in Stone, a re-statement of Piazzi Smyth’s famous theory of the Pyramid; Lectures on the Apocalypse; Lectures on the Epistle to the Hebrews; Luther and the Reformation; The Lutheran Church; Recreation Songs; Life After Death; Right Life; The Children of Silence, the Story of the Deaf; Christ’s Descent into Hell; The Last Times; Voices from Babylon. See American Lutheran Biographies. Co. Lip.

=Seligman, Edwin Robert Anderson.= N. Y., 1861- ----. A professor of political economy and finance in Columbia College. Chapters on Mediæval Guilds in England; Owen and the Christian Socialists; Railway Tariffs; Shifting and Incidence of Taxation; Progressive Taxation in Theory and Practice; Essays on Taxation. Mac.

=Selyns, Henricus.= H., 1636-1701. A Dutch clergyman who came to New York in 1600, remaining four years as pastor in Brooklyn before returning to Holland. Settling permanently in New York in 1682, he was pastor of the First Dutch Reformed Church for the rest of his life. His Poems, written in Dutch, have been translated by H. C. Murphy, supra.

=Semmes, Alexander Jenkins.= D. C., 1828- ----. Cousin of R. Semmes, infra. A surgeon in the Confederate navy who became a Roman Catholic clergyman, president of Pio Nono College, Macon, Georgia, from 1886. Medical Sketches of Paris; Gunshot Wounds; Notes from a Surgical Diary, are among his writings.

=Semmes, Raphael.= Md., 1809-1877. A celebrated naval officer in the Confederate service during the Civil War as commander of the Alabama. Service Afloat and Ashore during the Mexican War; Campaign of General Scott in the Valley of Mexico; The Cruise of the Alabama; Memoirs of Service Afloat during the War between the States. See Sinclair’s Two Years in the Alabama, 1895.

=Sergeant, Thomas.= Pa., 1782-1860. A Philadelphia jurist. Treatise on the Law of Pennsylvania relating to Proceedings by Foreign Attachment; Constitutional Law; View of the Land Laws of Pennsylvania; Sketch of the National Judiciary Powers.

=Seth, James.= S., 1860- ----. A professor of moral philosophy in Cornell University from 1896. A Study of Ethical Principles. Scr.

=Seton, Mrs. Elizabeth Ann [Bayley].= N. Y., 1774-1821. The founder and first superior of the order of Sisters of Charity in the United States. After the death of her husband she became a Roman Catholic, took the veil as a Sister of Charity in 1809, and in 1812 founded at Emmettsburg, Maryland, the first American house of the order. A volume entitled Memoirs of Mrs. Seton, written by Herself: a Fragment of Real History, was published in 1817. See Life by White; Vie de Madame Seton by Madame de Barbary.

=Seton, Robert.= I., 1839- ----. A grandson of Mrs. Seton, supra. A Roman Catholic clergyman of Jersey City, dean of the monsignori in the United States. Memoirs, Letters, and Journal of E. Seton; Essays on Various Subjects, principally Roman.

=Seton, William.= N. Y., 1835- ----. A grandson of Mrs. E. Seton, supra. A naval officer of the United States. Romance of the Charter Oak; The Pride of Lexington; Rachel’s Fate, and Other Tales; The Poor Millionaire; The Shamrock Gone West; Moida, a Tale of the Tyrol; The Pioneer, a poem.

=Severance, Mark Sibley.= O., 1846- ----. Hammersmith: his Harvard Days, a novel. Hou.

=Sewall, Frank.= Me., 1837- ----. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Washington. Moody Mike, or the Power of Love; The Hem of his Garment; The Pillow of Stones; The New Ethics; The New Metaphysics; Angelo and Ariel, are among his writings. Lip. Ran.

=Sewall, Mrs. Harriet [Winslow].= Me., 1819-1889. A religious verse-writer of Boston, some of whose lyrics are found in the anthologies. A collection of her Poems, with Memoir by Mrs. E. Cheney, supra, appeared in 1889.

=Sewall, Jonathan Mitchell.= Ms., 1748-1808. A lawyer of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, popular in his own day as a verse-writer. His verse is for the most part forgotten, but his song, War and Washington, is yet remembered, and in his Epilogue to Cato occurs the famous couplet:--

“No pent-up Utica contracts your powers, But the whole boundless continent is yours.”

Miscellaneous Poems (1801).

=Sewall, Rufus King.= Me., 1814-1903. A lawyer of Wiscasset, Maine. Lectures on the Holy Spirit; Sketches of St. Augustine; Ancient Dominions of Maine.

=Sewall, Samuel.= E., 1652-1730. A noted jurist of Boston, best remembered for his connection with the Salem witchcraft trials. The Selling of Joseph; Answer to Queries Respecting America; Accomplishment of Prophecies; Memorial Relating to the Kennebec Indians; Description of the New Heaven. See Diary of, Tyler’s American Literature; Whittier’s Prophecy of Samuel Sewall.

=Sewall, Stephen.= Me., 1734-1804. A grand-nephew of S. Sewall, supra. A Hebrew scholar, professor of Hebrew at Harvard College, 1765-85, among whose writings are, Hebrew Grammar; Scripture Account of the Shechinah; Carmina Sacra quæ Latine Græceque condidit America.

=Sewall, Thomas.= Me., 1786-1845. A Washington physician, professor of anatomy in Columbian University from 1821, who is chiefly remembered for his work, The Pathology of Drunkenness, which had a wide circulation.

=Seward, George Frederick.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A nephew of W. H. Seward, infra, and minister to China, 1876-80. Chinese Immigration in its Social and Economical Aspects.

=Seward, Theodore Frelinghuysen.= N. Y., 1835-1902. Cousin of W. H. Seward, infra. A musical educator of note. Hadrian Theology; The School of Life; A Plea for the Christian Year.

=Seward, William Henry.= N. Y., 1801-1872. A statesman of distinction, secretary of state during the Civil War period. Diplomatic History of the Civil War; Orations and Speeches; Life of J. Q. Adams, supra; Travels Round the World. His complete works in five volumes have been edited by G. E. Baker. See Autobiography; North American Review, October, 1866; Bartlett’s Modern Agitators; Life by Lothrop; and Histories of the Civil War. Ap. Co. Hou.

=Seybert, Adam.= Pa., 1773-1825. A Philadelphia chemist who published The Statistical Annals of the United States, 1789-1818. It was in a notice of this book for The Edinburgh Review that Sydney Smith made the famous query, “Who reads an American book?”

=Seyffarth= [zif´fa͝art], =Gustav.= Sxy., 1796-1885. A German scientist who was professor of Oriental archæology at Leipzig University, 1825-55, and, coming to America in the latter year, was professor at Concordia Seminary, in St. Louis, 1855-71. The remainder of his life was passed in New York city. He was distinguished for the extremely literal nature of his biblical interpretations. Among his voluminous writings are, Rudimenta Hieroglyphica; Grammatica Ægyptiaca; Egyptian Theology according to a Paris Mummy Coffin. See Literary Life of, an autobiography, 1886.

=Seymour, George Franklin.= R. I., 1829- ----. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Springfield, and prominent among extreme High Churchmen. Modern Romanism not Catholicism.

=Seymour, Mrs. Mary Harrison [Browne].= Ct., 1835- ----. A writer of Hartford whose writings are mainly juvenile. Among them are, Mollie’s Christmas Stocking; Sunshine and Starlight; Recompense; Through the Darkness; Ned, Nellie, and Amy. Dut. Ran. Wh.

=Seymour, Thomas Day.= O., 1840- ----. A professor of Greek at Yale University from 1880. Homeric Vocabulary; School Iliad; Selected Odes of Pindar, with Notes; Introduction to the Language and Verse of Homer; Homer’s Iliad, books i.-vi. Gi.

=Shaffner, Taliaferro Preston.= Va., 1818-1881. An inventor of note. The Telegraph Companion; The Telegraph Manual; The Secession War in America; History of America; Odd Fellowship.

=Shaler, Nathaniel Southgate.= Ky., 1841- ----. An eminent geologist, professor of paleontology at Harvard University, 1868-87, and of geology from 1887. Kentucky Geological Reports; Kentucky, a Pioneer Commonwealth; The Nature of Intellectual Property and its Importance to the State; The Interpretation of Nature; The Story of Our Continent; Illustrations of the Earth’s Surface: Glaciers (with W. M. Davis); The United States of America: a study of the American Commonwealth; First Book in Geology; Nature and Man in America; Sea and Land: Features of Coasts and Oceans; Aspects of the Earth; Fossil Branchiopods of the Ohio Valley; American Highways; Domesticated Animals: their Relation to Man. Am. Ap. Clke. Gi. Hou. Scr.

=Shanks, William Franklin Gore.= Ky., 1837- ----. A journalist of New York city. Recollections of Distinguished Generals; A Noble Treason, a tragedy. Har.

=Shanly, Charles Dawson.= I., 1811-1875. A journalist and verse-writer of New York city. The Walker in the Snow is his best-known poem. A Jolly Bear and His Friends; The Monkey of Porto Bello; The Truant Chicken.

=Shapley, Rufus Edmond.= Pa., 1840- ----. A Philadelphia lawyer, author of Solid for Mulhooly, a political satire.

=Sharswood, George.= Pa., 1810-1883. An eminent Philadelphia jurist. Professional Ethics; Popular Lectures on Common Law; Lectures on Commercial Law; Sharswood’s Blackstone. Lip.

=Shattuck, Mrs. Harriette [Robinson].= Ms., 1850- ----. Daughter of W. S. Robinson, supra. A writer of Malden, Massachusetts, who has published The Story of Dante’s Divine Comedy; Little Folks East and West; Woman’s Manual of Parliamentary Law.

=Shaw, Albert.= O., 1857- ----. A journalist of New York city, the American editor of The Review of Reviews from 1891, and a recognized authority on such themes as municipal government and municipal reforms. Icaria: a Chapter in the History of Communism; Local Government in Illinois; Coöperation in a Western City; Municipal Government in Great Britain; Municipal Government in Continental Europe. Cent.

=Shaw, Charles.= Me., 1782-1828. A lawyer of Montgomery, Alabama, who published A Topographical Description of Boston from its First Settlement (1817).

=Shaw, Henry Wheeler.= “Josh Billings.” Ms., 1818-1885. A noted humourist whose shrewd, sensible sayings have been hardly appraised at their full value owing to the laboriously bad spelling in which they have been given to the world. Josh Billings’s Sayings; Everybody’s Friend; Josh Billings’s Trump Kards; Josh Billings’s Spice Box. See Life by F. S. Smith, 1883.

=Shaw, Thomas.= Ont., 1843- ----. A Canadian educator, since 1893 professor of animal husbandry at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. The First Principles of Agriculture; Weeds and How to Eradicate Them.

=Shea= [shā], =George.= I., 1827-1895. Son of J. A. Shea, infra. A jurist who was chief justice of the City Court of New York. Alexander Hamilton: a Historical Study; Nature and Form of the American Government. Hou.

=Shea, John Augustus.= I., 1802-1845. An Irish verse-writer who came to America in 1827, and was a journalist in New York city. His writings include, Adolph; Parnassian Wild Flowers; Ruddeki, an Eastern Romance, in verse; Clontarf, a Poem.

=Shea, John Dawson Gilmary.= N. Y., 1824-1892. An historical writer of note, for a number of years editor of Frank Leslie’s Chimney Corner, in New York city. The Catholic Church in the United States; Legendary History of Ireland; History of Catholic Indian Missions; Discovery and Exploration of the Mississippi Valley; Early Voyages Up and Down the Mississippi; Novum Belgium, an Account of New Netherlands, 1633-44; The Operations of the French under De Grasse; Life of Pius Ninth; The Catholic Church in Colonial Days; The Catholic Hierarchy of the United States; Life and Times of Archbishop Carroll, include his principal original works.

=Shearman= [sher´man], =Thomas Gaskell.= E., 1834-1900. A lawyer and political economist of New York city. Law of Practice and Pleadings; Law of Negligence; Talks on Free Trade; Does Protection Protect?; Pauper Labor of Europe; The Single Tax; Natural Taxation; Henry George’s Mistake; Crooked Taxation.

=Shecut, John Linnæus Edward Whitridge.= S. C., 1770-1836. A once eminent physician and scientist of Charleston. Flora Carolinensis; Medical and Philosophical Essays; Elements of Natural Philosophy; A New Theory of the Earth, comprise his chief works.

=Shedd, Joel Herbert.= Ms., 1834- ----. An eminent civil engineer of Providence whose most important professional labour is the Providence Water Works. He has written a work on Landscape Gardening (with Follen), and many important professional papers.

=Shedd, Mrs. Julia Ann [Clark].= Me., 1834-1897. Wife of J. H. Shedd, supra. Famous Painters and Paintings; Famous Sculptors and Sculpture; The Ghiberti Gates; Raphael: his Madonnas and Holy Families. Hou.

=Shedd, William Greenough Thayer.= Ms., 1820-1894. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, professor in Union Seminary, 1863-90, and a theologian of a very conservative type. History of Christian Doctrine; Sermons to the Natural Man; Homiletics and Pastoral Theology; Theological Essays; Sermons to the Spiritual Man; Endless Punishment; Dogmatic Theology; The Pro-Revision of the Westminster Standards; Calvinism Pure and Mixed; Literary Essays. Ran. Scr.

=Sheeleigh, Matthias.= Pa., 1820-1900. A Lutheran minister at Fort Washington, near Philadelphia, from 1869. American Ecclesiad; A Gettysburgiad; Luther: a Song Tribute; Brief History of Luther; Outlines of Old and New Testament History.

=Sheldon, David Newton.= Ct., 1807-1889. A Baptist clergyman who became a Unitarian in 1856. He was president of Colby University, 1843-1853. Sin and Redemption.

=Sheldon, Edward Austin.= N. Y., 1823-1897. A noted educator of Oswego, principal of the Normal School there from 1862. Manual of Elementary Training; Lessons on Objects, are his principal works.

=Sheldon, Edward Stevens.= Me., 1851- ----. A professor of Romance philology at Harvard University from 1883. Short German Grammar and monographs.

=Sheldon, George William.= S. C., 1843- ----. A journalist and art critic of New York city, now (1897) in charge of the London office of D. Appleton and Company, publishers. American Painters; The Story of the Volunteer Fire Department of New York City; Hours with Art and Artists; Artistic Homes; Artistic Country Seats; Selections in Modern Art; Recent Ideals of American Art. Har.

=Sheldon, Henry Clay.= N. Y., 1845- ----. A Methodist clergyman, professor of historic theology in Boston University from 1882. History of Christian Doctrine; History of the Christian Church. Cr. Har.

=Sheldon, Mary Downing.= Daughter of E. A. Sheldon, supra. See Barnes, Mrs.

=Shelton, Frederick William.= L. I., 1814-1881. An Episcopal clergyman of Carthage Landing, New York, who wrote in both prose and verse a number of humourous and satirical books. The Trollopiad, or the Travelling Gentleman in America; The Rector of St. Bardolph’s; Peeps from the Belfry, or the Parish Sketch-Book; Salander and the Dragon, a romance; Up the River, a collection of rural sketches; Chrystalline, a romance; The Gold Mania; Use and Abuse of Reason.

=Shepard, Charles Upham.= R. I., 1804-1886. A geologist, professor of geology at Amherst College, who published a valuable Report on the Geology of Connecticut.

=Shepard, Edward Morse.= N. Y., 1850- ----. A lawyer of Brooklyn, author of a Life of Martin Van Buren. Hou.

=Shepard, Elihu Hotchkiss.= Vt., 1795-1876. An educator of St. Louis. Autobiography (1869); Early History of St. Louis and Missouri.

=Shepard, Isaac Fitzgerald.= Ms., 1816-1889. A Federal officer in the Civil War who was consul at Swatow and Hankow, 1874-80. Pebbles from Castalia; Poetry of Feeling; Scenes and Songs of Social Life; Household Tales.

=Shepard, Thomas.= E., 1605-1649. A Puritan clergyman who came to America in 1635, and from 1636 until his death was minister of what is now the Shepard Church in Cambridge. He won great renown as a preacher, and as a theologian was a Calvinist of the extremest type. New Englands Lamentations for Old Englands present Errours; The Sound Beleever; The Clear Sunshine of the Gospel; Theses Sabbaticæ; Subjection to Christ; The Parable of the Ten Virgins Opened and Applied; Autobiography. His Sermons, with Memoir by Alger, were printed in three volumes in 1853. See Tyler’s American Literature; Memoir by S. Mather and Greenhill, 1652; Life by Cotton Mather in the Magnalia.

=Shepard, William.= See Walsh, W. S.

=Shepherd, William Robert.= S. C., 1871- ----. History of Proprietary Government in Pennsylvania. Mac.

=Sheppard, Furman.= N. J., 1823-1893. A Philadelphia lawyer who published a Constitutional Text-Book.

=Sheppard, Nathan.= Md., 1834-1888. A journalist and educator who was a special correspondent of The Cincinnati Gazette during the Franco-German war. Shut up in Paris during the Siege; Darwinism Stated by Himself; Before an Audience; Saratoga Chips. Ap. Fu.

=Sherburne, John Henry.= N. H., 1794-c. 1850. A register of the navy in Washington. Osceola, a tragedy; Erratic Poems; Life of John Paul Jones; The Tourist’s Guide in Europe; A Suppressed History of the Administration of John Adams.

=Sheridan, Philip Henry.= N. Y., 1831-1888. A famous soldier, lieutenant-general of the United States army, 1869-88, and general for the two months preceding his death. Personal Memoirs (1888). See Appletons’ American Biography; Life by H. E. Davies; histories of the Civil War.

=Sherman, Frank Dempster.= N. Y., 1860- ----. A lyrist of New York city, adjunct professor of architecture at Columbia College, who has written much pleasing vers de société as well as other verse. Madrigals and Catches; Lyrics for a Lute; Little-Folk Lyrics; New Waggings of Old Tales (with J. K. Bangs, supra). Hou. Sto.

=Sherman, Henry.= N. Y., 1808-1879. A Hartford lawyer, author of An Analytical Digest of the Laws of Marine Insurance to the Present Time (1841); The Governmental History of the United States; Slavery in the United States.

=Sherman, John.= Ct., 1772-1828. A Unitarian clergyman of Trenton Falls, New York, where he conducted an academy. From 1797 to 1805 he was a Congregational minister at Mansfield, Connecticut, but resigned his charge on account of his becoming a Unitarian. One God in One Person Only, the first noteworthy defence of Unitarianism in America; Philosophy of Language Illustrated; A Description of Trenton Falls. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Sherman, John.= O., 1823-1900. Brother of W. T. Sherman, infra. A noted statesman of Ohio; United States senator, 1861-77 and 1881-97; secretary of the treasury, 1877-1881; and secretary of state, 1897-1898. Recollections of Forty Years in the House, Senate, and Cabinet; Selected Speeches and Reports on Taxation, 1859-78. See Life by Bronson, 1880.

=Sherman, William Tecumseh.= O., 1820-1891. A distinguished soldier who was general of the United States army, 1869-84. The Military Lessons of the War; Memoirs by Himself. See Appletons’ American Biography; Johnson’s Universal Cyclopædia; The Sherman Letters; and histories of the Civil War. Ap.

=Sherwin, Thomas.= N. H., 1799-1869. A noted educator of Boston, master of the High School, 1838-69, and author of treatises on algebra.

=Sherwood, Adiel.= N. Y., 1791-1879. A Baptist minister and educator of Georgia. Gazetteer of Georgia; Christian and Jewish Churches; Notes on the New Testament. See Memoir by his daughter, 1884.

=Sherwood, Mrs. Emily [Lee].= Ind., 1843- ----. A Washington journalist who has published Willis Peyton, a novel.

=Sherwood, James Manning.= N. Y., 1814-1890. A Presbyterian clergyman and editor of religious journals. A Plea for the Old Foundations; The History of the Cross; Books and Authors. Fu.

=Sherwood, Mrs. John.= See Sherwood, Mrs. Mary.

=Sherwood, John D=[7] N. Y., 1818-1891. Cousin of J. M. Sherwood, supra. A writer whose home was at Englewood, New Jersey. Comic History of the United States; The Case of Cuba.

=Sherwood, Mrs. Katherine Margaret [Brownlee].= Pa., 1841- ----. A verse-writer and journalist of Canton, Ohio, who has been especially successful as a writer of army lyrics and poems for military occasions. Camp Fire and Memorial Poems; Columbia.

=Sherwood, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth [Wilson].= N. H., 1830-1903. A Washington novelist and miscellaneous writer, prominent as a social leader. The Sarcasm of Destiny; A Transplanted Rose; Amenities of Home; Home Amusements; Manners and Social Usages; Royal Girls and Royal Courts; Sweet Brier; Roxobel; The Art of Entertaining. Ap. Do. Har. Lo.

=Shew, Joel.= N. Y., 1816-1855. A hydropathic physician of New York State among whose writings are, Hydropathy, or the Water Cure; Cholera Treated by Water; The Hydropathic Family Physician.

=Shields, Charles Woodruff.= Ind., 1825-1904. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of the harmony of science and revealed religion at Princeton College from 1865, and active in behalf of church unity. The Presbyterian Book of Common Prayer according to the Revision of the Westminster Divines; Philosophia Ultima, or Science of the Sciences; The Order of the Sciences; Religion and Science in their Relations to Philosophy; Essays on Church Unity; The Historic Episcopate; The Question of Unity; The United Church of the United States. Scr.

=Shields, Mrs. Sarah Annie [Frost].= 18-- - ----. Parlor Charades and Proverbs; Laws and By-Laws of American Society; The Art of Dressing Well; Almost a Woman; Sunshine for Rainy Days, are among her works.

=Shillaber, Benjamin Penhallow.= “Mrs. Partington.” N. H., 1814-1890. A journalist of Boston, once widely known as a humourist, whose latest years were spent in Chelsea, Massachusetts. Life and Sayings of Mrs. Partington; Partingtonian Patchwork; Mrs. Partington’s Mother Goose; Ike Partington Stories; Lines in Pleasant Places; Wide Swath, a volume of collected verse; Rhymes with Reason; Cruises with Captain Bob; The Double-Runner Club. See New England Magazine, June, 1891. Le.

=Shimeall= [shim´e-all], =Richard Cunningham.= N. Y., 1803-1874. An Episcopal clergyman who adopted Reformed Dutch tenets in 1834, and subsequently became a Presbyterian. He was a noted biblical scholar of millenarian views. The End of Prelacy; Christ’s Second Coming; Prophetic Career and Destiny of Napoleon III.; Unseen World; Political Economy of Prophecy, are his principal works.

=Shindler, Mrs. Mary Stanley Bunce [Palmer] [Dana].= S. C., 1810-1883. A once popular South Carolina verse-writer whose home was at Nacogdoches, Texas, after 1869. In 1844 she became a Unitarian, and published the next year Letters on the Trinity. In 1848 she married her second husband, an Episcopal clergyman, and was received into his church. The Northern Harp; The Southern Harp; The Parted Family, and Other Poems; The Temperance Lyre; and several prose works, including Charles Martin, or the Young Patriot; The Young Sailor; Forecastle Tom; A Southerner Among the Spirits. See Bibliography of Texas.

=Shinn, Asa.= N. J., 1781-1853. A Methodist Protestant minister in Ohio. Essay on the Plan of Salvation; Benevolence and Rectitude of the Supreme Being.

=Shinn, Charles Howard.= Ts., 1852- ----. A California writer who has published Mining Camps, a Study in American Frontier Government; The Story of the Mine. Ap. Scr.

=Shinn, Earl.= “Edward Strahan.” Pa., 1837-1886. A New York journalist, at one period art critic of The Nation. The New Hyperion: from Paris to Marly by Way of the Rhine; Studies in Modern French Art. Lip.

=Shinn, George Wolfe.= Pa., 1839- ----. An Episcopal clergyman, rector of Grace Church, Newton, Massachusetts, from 1875. Friendly Talks About Marriage; Manual of the Prayer Book; Manual of Church History; Questions about Our Church; Questions that Trouble Beginners in Religion; Stories for Christmas Time; Some Modern Substitutes for Christianity. Kt. Wh.

=Shipp, Albert Micajah.= N. C., 1819-1887. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor of theology in Vanderbilt University from 1874, and author of The History of Methodism in South Carolina.

=Shipp, Barnard.= Mi., 1813- ----. A verse-writer of Natchez, and subsequently of Louisville. Fame, and Other Poems; Progress of Freedom, and Other Poems.

=Shippen, Edward.= N. J., 1827- ----. An eminent naval surgeon of Philadelphia who published Thirty Years at Sea.

=Shirley, John Milton.= N. H., 1831-1887. A lawyer of Andover, New Hampshire. The Early Jurisprudence of New Hampshire; Complete History of the Dartmouth College Case; Reports of Cases in Supreme Judicial Court.

=Shirley, William.= E., 1693-1771. A noted colonial soldier who planned the conquest of Cape Breton, and was governor of Massachusetts, 1741-45. Electra, a tragedy; The Birth of Hercules, a masque; Letter to the Duke of Newcastle, with Journal of the Siege of Louisburg; The Conduct of General Shirley Briefly Stated.

=Shock, William Henry.= Md., 1821- ----. A United States naval officer whose Steam Boilers: their Design, Construction, and Management, is a standard authority.

=Shoemaker, Michael Myers.= Ky., 1853- ----. A writer of travels. Eastward to the Land of Morning; The Kingdom of the White Woman, a volume of Mexican travel; Trans-Caspia: the Sealed Provinces of the Czar. Clke.

=Shoup, Francis Asbury.= Ind., 1834-1896. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Sewanee, Tennessee, professor of metaphysics in the University of the South, and a Confederate officer in the Civil War. Infantry Tactics; Artillery Division Drill; Elements of Algebra.

=Shreve, Samuel Henry.= N. J., 1829-1884. A civil engineer of New York city. The Strength of Bridges and Roofs.

=Shreve, Thomas H----.= D. C., 1808-1853. Cousin of S. H. Shreve, supra. A journalist of Louisville. Drayton, an American tale; Poems.

=Shuck= [shook], =Mrs. Henrietta [Hall].= Va., 1817-1844. The wife of a missionary in China. Scenes in China (1852). See Life by Jeter, 1848.

=Shurtleff, Ernest Warburton.= Ms., 1862- ----. A Congregational clergyman and verse-writer of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Poems; Easter Gleams; Song of Hope; When I was a Child; New Year’s Peace.

=Shurtleff, Nathaniel Bradstreet.= Ms., 1810-1874. An antiquarian of Boston. Elements of Phrenology; A Perpetual Calendar of Old and New Style; Topographical Description of Boston; Passengers of the Mayflower in 1620, comprise his principal writings. With D. Pulsifer he edited The Records of the Colony of New Plymouth, in twelve volumes.

=Sibler, Wilhelm.= P., 1801-1885. A Lutheran clergyman of Missouri. Sermons on the Epistles and Gospels of the Christian Year. See Biography (Lebeslauf), 1880.

=Sibley, John Langdon.= Me., 1804-1885. The librarian of Harvard University, 1841-77. History of the Town of Union, Maine; Biographical Sketches of Harvard University Graduates.

=Sidney, Margaret.= See Lothrop, Mrs.

=Sigourney= [sĭg´or-nĭ], =Mrs. Lydia Howard [Huntly].= Ct., 1791-1865. One of the most popular of the earlier American writers, but now quite neglected. Her fifty-three volumes of prose and verse were adapted to an uncritical audience that demanded only gentle feeling and excellence of intention, and they served their purpose well in their day. Her verse is not without sweetness, but it never strays far beyond the realm of the commonplace. She was nearly all her life a resident of Hartford. Among her prose writings are, Myrtis; Post Meridian; Letters to My Pupils; Letters to Young Ladies; Traits of the Aborigines in America; Letters of Life (1866). Other works are, Pocahontas; Moral Pieces in Prose and Verse; Poetry for Children; Zinzendorf, and Other Poems. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America; Allibone’s Dictionary; Stone’s First Editions of American Authors. Har.

=Sikes, Mrs. Olive [Logan].= N. Y., 1841- ----. Wife of W. W. Sikes, infra. An actress and author, popular at one period as a lecturer. Photographs of Paris Life; Chateau Frissac, or Home Scenes in France; John Morris’s Money; Somebody’s Stockings; Apropos of Women and Theatres; Before the Footlights and Behind the Scenes; The Mimic World; Get Thee Behind Me, Satan; They Met by Chance, a novel.

=Sikes, William Wirt.= N. Y., 1836-1883. A journalist of New York city who was consul at Cardiff, Wales, 1876-1883. British Goblins: Welsh Folk-Lore; One Poor Girl; Rambles and Studies in Old South Wales; Studies of Assassination.

=Sill, Edward Rowland.= Ct., 1841-1887. A poet and educator of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, professor in the University of California, 1874-82. His verse is small in quantity, but of rare quality. The Hermitage, and Other Poems; The Hermitage, and Later Poems; Poems (containing The Venus of Milo, and other poems). See Mrs. E. Ward’s Chapters from a Life. Ho. Hou.

=Sill, John Mahelon Berry.= N. Y., 1831-1901. A Michigan educator of prominence, principal of the State Normal School. Synthesis of the English Sentence; Practical Lessons in English.

=Silliman, Augustus Ely.= R. I., 1807-1884. Cousin of B. Silliman, 2d, infra. A banker of New York city who published A Gallop Among American Scenery.

=Silliman, Benjamin.= Ct., 1779-1864. A chemist of distinction, professor of chemistry at Yale University, 1802-55, and the founder in 1818 of Silliman’s Journal of Science and Art. Journal of Travels in England (1810); Narrative of a Visit to Europe (1853); Elements of Chemistry; Consistency of Modern Geology with Sacred History. See Life by G. P. Fisher; American Journal of Science, May, 1865; Popular Science Monthly, June, 1883.

=Silliman, Benjamin.= Ct., 1816-1885. Son of B. Silliman, supra. A professor of chemistry at Yale University from 1846 until his death, and editor of Silliman’s Journal. First Principles of Chemistry; American Contributions to Chemistry; Principles of Physics.

=Silloway, Thomas William.= Ms., 1828- ----. A Boston architect who became a Universalist minister in 1862. Theogonis; Text-Book of Modern Carpentry; Warming and Ventilation; Cathedral Towns of England (with L. Powers).

=Silsbee, Mrs. Marianne Cabot [Devereux].= 1812-1889. A Boston writer who published A Half Century in Salem, and several compilations of poems. Hou.

=Silver, Thomas.= N. J., 1813-1888. A civil engineer well known as an inventor. A Trip to the North Pole, or Theory of the Origin of Icebergs.

=Simmons, William Johnson.= S. C., 1849- ----. A Baptist minister of African birth who has published Men of Mark.

=Simms, Jeptha Root.= Ct., 1807-1883. A once popular writer of Fort Plain, New York. History of Schoharie County; The American Spy: Nathan Hale; The Frontiersman; Trappers of New York.

=Simms, Joseph.= N. Y., 1833- ----. Nephew of J. R. Simms, supra. A writer on physiognomy. Nature’s Revelations of Character; Book of Scientific Lectures; Health and Character; Practical and Scientific Physiognomy; Human Faces: What They Mean.

=Simms, William Gilmore.= S. C., 1806-1870. A voluminous romancer and verse-writer of Charleston, long popular but now little read. Among his thirty romances, The Partisan; The Yemassee; Guy Rivers; Martin Faber; Border Beagles; Beauchampe, are as well known as any; and of some twelve volumes of verse, Atalantis; Lays of the Palmetto; Areytos, or Songs and Ballads of the South, are the most characteristic. Other works of his include, A History of South Carolina; Lives of Marion, General Greene, Captain John Smith, Chevalier Bayard. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Life by Trent. Stone’s First Editions of American Authors. Lov.

=Simonds, William.= “Walter Aimwell.” Ms., 1822-1859. A Boston journalist who was a very popular writer for young people. The Aimwell Stories; The Boys’ Own Guide; Boys’ Book of Morals and Manners.

=Simpson, Edward.= N. Y., 1824-1888. A naval officer of prominence, rear-admiral from 1884. Ordnance and Naval Gunnery; The Naval Mission to Europe; Report of the Gun Foundry Board.

=Simpson, Henry.= Pa., 1790-1868. A Philadelphia author who published Lives of Eminent Philadelphians.

=Simpson, James Hervey.= N. J., 1813-1883. A colonel of engineers and brevet brigadier-general in the United States army. A Military Reconnoissance from Santa Fé to the Navajo Country in 1849. The Shortest Route to California; Coronado’s March in Search of the Seven Cities of Cibola. Lip.

=Simpson, Matthew.= O., 1811-1884. A Methodist bishop famous as a pulpit orator. Lectures on Preaching; A Hundred Years of Methodism; Sermons; Cyclopædia of Methodism. See Life of, by G. R. Crooks, supra. Har. Meth.

=Sims, Clifford Stanley.= Pa., 1839-1896. A lawyer of Arkansas, and latterly of New Jersey, whose principal work is The Origin and Signification of Scottish Surnames.

=Sims, James Marion.= S. C., 1813-1883. A celebrated surgeon of New York city to whose influence is due the establishment of gynæcology as a department of medicine. Clinical Notes on Uterine Surgery; Ovariotomy; The Story of My Life. See Life of, by T. A. Emmet, supra. Ap.

=Sinclair, Carrie Bell.= Ga., 1837- ----. A verse-writer of Philadelphia. Poems; Heart Whispers, or Echoes of Song.

=Skene, Alexander Johnston Chalmers.= S., 1837-1900. A Brooklyn physician, professor of gynæcology in Long Island College Hospital from 1884. Diseases of the Bladder in Women; Diseases of Women from the Standpoint of the Physician. Ap.

=Skinner, Charles Montgomery.= N. Y., 1852- ----. A journalist and littérateur of Brooklyn, associate editor of The Eagle. Villon the Vagabond, and other plays; Myths and Legends of Our Own Land; Nature in a City Yard. Cent. Lip.

=Skinner, Otis Ainsworth.= Ms., 1807-1861. A Universalist minister of Boston and elsewhere. Family Prayer Book; Sermons on Doctrinal Subjects; Universalism Defended; Letters on Revivals; Moral Duties of Parents, are his principal works. See Life of, by T. B. Thayer, infra.

=Skinner, Thomas Harvey.= N. C., 1791-1871. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, professor of sacred rhetoric in Union Seminary, 1848-71. Religion of the Bible; Aids to Preaching and Hearing; Discussions in Theology; Thoughts on Evangelizing the World. Ran.

=Slade, Daniel Denison.= Ms., 1823-1896. A physician and scientist, professor of zoölogy at Harvard University from 1871. Diphtheria: its Nature and Treatment; Twelve Days in the Saddle, a Journey in New England in 1883. Evolution of Horticulture in New England. Put.

=Slaughter, Philip.= Va., 1808-1890. Cousin of W. B. Slaughter, infra. An Episcopal clergyman of Virginia, historiographer of the diocese. The Colonial Church in Virginia; Man and Woman, are his most important writings.

=Slaughter, William Bank.= Va., 1798-1879. A Wisconsin lawyer of note who published Reminiscences of Distinguished People I Have Met.

=Sleeper, John Sherburne.= Ms., 1794-1878. A shipmaster and subsequently a journalist of Boston, editor of The Journal, 1834-54. Tales of the Ocean; Salt-Water Bubbles; Jack in the Forecastle; Mark Rowland, a Tale of the Sea.

=Slenker, Mrs. Elmina [Drake].= N. Y., 1827- ----. A writer living at Snowville, Virginia. Studying the Bible; John’s Way; The Darwins; Mary Jones; Little Lessons for Little Folks.

=Slicer, Henry.= Md., 1801-1874. A Methodist clergyman, eight times chaplain of the United States Senate. Appeal on Christian Baptism; Discourse on Duelling, which materially helped forward the passage of the anti-duelling law in Congress.

=Sloan, Samuel.= N. C., 1815-1884. An architect of Philadelphia. City and Suburban Architecture; Constructive Architecture; The Model Architect; Homestead Architecture. Bai. Lip.

=Sloane, Thomas O’Conor.= N. Y., 1851- ----. A chemist of New York city, on the editorial staff of The Scientific American. Home Experiments in Science; Standard Electrical Dictionary.

=Sloane, William Milligan.= O., 1850- ----. A professor of history at Columbia College. The French War and the Revolution; Life of James M’Cosh, supra; Life of Napoleon Bonaparte. Cent. Scr.

=Slosson, Mrs. Annie [Trumbull].= Ct., 184- - ----. An author of New York city noted for the excellence of her short stories, and also known as an entomologist whose specialty is the study of moths. Aunt Liefy; Fishin’ Jimmy; Seven Dreamers; The Heresy of Mehetabel Clark; Anna Malann; The China Hunter’s Club. Har. Ran.

=Sluter, George Ludewig.= G., 1837- ----. A Lutheran clergyman, pastor at Arlington, New Jersey, from 1881. History of Our Beloved Church; Life of Tiberius; The Religion of Politics, are his principal writings.

=Smalley, Eugene Virgil.= O., 1841-1899. A journalist of St. Paul. History of the Northern Pacific Railroad; History of the Republican Party.

=Smalley, George Washburn.= Ms., 1833- ----. A noted journalist who was the London correspondent of The New York Tribune, 1867-95, and from 1895 American correspondent of The London Times. London Letters, and Some Others; Studies of Men. Har.

=Smalley, John.= Ct., 1734-1820. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at New Britain from 1758 till his death. National and Moral Inability; Universal Salvation.

=Smart, Mrs. Helen Hamilton [Gardener].= Va., 1853- ----. A Boston novelist whose writings are mainly concerned with the furtherance of social reforms. An Unofficial Patriot; Is This Your Son, My Lord?; Facts and Fictions of Life; Pray You, Sir, Whose Daughter?; Pushed by Unseen Hands; A Thoughtless Yes; The Fortunes of Margaret Weld. Ar.

=Smedes, Mrs. Susan [Dabney].= Mi., 1840- ----. A Mississippi writer now living in Washington, whose Memorials of a Southern Planter is much valued as an accurate picture of Southern life.

=Smith, Arthur Donaldson.= Pa., 1864- ----. An African explorer. Through Unknown African Countries.

=Smith, Ashbel.= Ct., 1805-1886. A Texas politician and physician. Account of the Geography of Texas; Permanent Identity of the Human Race.

=Smith, Augustus William.= N. Y., 1802-1866. An educator who was professor of mathematics at Wesleyan University, 1831-51, and president of that institution from 1851. Elementary Treatise on Mechanics.

=Smith, Buckingham.= Ga., 1810-1871. A Spanish-American scholar and antiquary of note, twice secretary of the United States legation at Mexico, and after 1859 a lawyer in Florida. Among his many publications are, Grammatical Sketch of the Heve Language; Grammar of the Pima, or Nevome; Coleccion de Varios Documentos para la Historia de la Florida; Narratives of the Career of Hernando de Soto in the Conquest of Florida.

=Smith, Charles.= Pa., 1765-1836. Son of William Smith, 1st, infra. A Philadelphia lawyer who published a Treatise on the Land Laws of Philadelphia.

=Smith, Charles Adam.= N. Y., 1809-1879. A Lutheran clergyman, pastor at Rhinebeck, New York, and elsewhere. The Catechumen’s Guide; Men of the Olden Time; Before the Flood and After; Among the Lilies; Inlets and Outlets; Stoneridge, pastoral sketches; Popular Exposition of the Gospels (with J. Morris). Lip.

=Smith, Charles Henry.= “Bill Arp.” Ga., 1826-1903. A lawyer and journalist of Rome, Georgia, well known as a humorous contributor to The Atlanta Constitution. Bill Arp’s Letters; Bill Arp’s Scrap Book: The Farm and the Fireside: A Side Show of the Southern Side of the War; Georgia as a Colony and State, 1733-1893. Gi.

=Smith, Daniel.= Ct., 1806-1852. A Methodist clergyman of New York State very active in the temperance cause. Wisdom in Miniature; Gems of Female Biography; Anecdotes for the Young; Teachers’ Assistant; Lectures to Young Men; Book of Manners; Anecdotes of the Christian Ministry. Meth.

=Smith, Edward Delafield.= N. Y., 1826-1878. A lawyer of New York city. Avidæ, a poem; Destiny, a poem; Oratory, a poem; Reports of Cases in the New York Court of Common Pleas; Addresses to Juries in Slave Trade Trials.

=Smith, Eli.= Ct., 1801-1857. A Congregational missionary at Beirut. Missionary Researches in Armenia (1853); and an Arabic translation of the Bible.

=Smith, Elias.= Ct., 1769-1846. A Congregational clergyman of Massachusetts. The Clergyman’s Looking-Glass; History of Anti-Christ; Sermons on the Prophecies, are among his writings.

=Smith, Elihu Hubbard.= Ct., 1771-1798. A physician and verse-writer of New York city. Edwin and Angelina, an opera; American Poems, Original and Selected.

=Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Oakes [Prince].= Me., 1806-1893. Wife of Seba Smith, infra. A once prominent writer of prose and verse, who was the first woman lecturer in America. Her later years were passed in Hollywood, South Carolina. Among her many works are, The Sinless Child, and Other Poems; The Newsboy, which first directed public attention to a hitherto neglected class; Riches Without Wings; Old New York, or Jacob Leisler, a tragedy; Woman and Her Needs; Bertha and Lily; The Western Captive.

=Smith, Erasmus Peshine.= N. Y., 1814-1882. A jurist and political economist. Manual of Political Economy.

=Smith, Mrs. Erminnie Adelle [Platt].= N. Y., 1837-1886. An ethnologist who published an Iroquois-English dictionary. See Memorial, 1890.

=Smith, Ethan.= Ms., 1762-1849. A Congregational clergyman, city missionary of Boston, 1832-49. A View of the Trinity; A View of the Hebrews, in which the origin of the American Indians was traced to the ten tribes of Israel. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Smith, Mrs. Eugenia M. [Bryce].= Vt., 1852- ----. A fiction-writer of Dubuque. Winsome but Wicked; The Parson’s Sin; Our Money-Makers, a poultry book.

=Smith, Florence.= N. Y., 1845-1871. A verse-writer of New York city who published Piero’s Painting, and Other Poems.

=Smith, Mrs. Frances Irene [Burge].= See Griswold, Mrs. Frances.

=Smith, Francis Henney.= Va., 1812-1890. A Confederate officer who was professor of mathematics at Hampden Sidney College, Virginia, 1837-39, and superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute, 1839-61 and 1865-90. Best Methods of Conducting Common Schools; College Reform; and a series of algebras.

=Smith, Francis Hopkinson.= Md., 1838- ----. An artist, civil engineer, and popular littérateur of New York city. Well-Worn Roads of Spain, Holland, and Italy; Old Lines in New Black and White; A White Umbrella in Mexico; Colonel Carter of Cartersville, a novel; A Day at Laguerre’s, and Other Days; American Illustrators; A Gentleman Vagabond, and Some Others; Tom Grogan; Gondola Days; Caleb West. Hou. Scr.

=Smith, Gerrit.= N. Y., 1797-1874. A famous philanthropist of Peterboro, New York, who was an ardent opponent of slavery. Speeches in Congress; Sermons and Speeches; The Religion of Reason; The Theologies; Nature the Basis of a Free Theology. See Life of, by O. B. Frothingham, supra.

=Smith, Gertrude.= Cal., 1860- ----. Sister of M. C. Smith, infra. A Boston writer, whose early life was spent in the West. The Rousing of Mrs. Potter, and Other Stories; The Arabella and Araminta Stories; Dedora Heywood. Cop. Do. Hou.

=Smith, Gustavus Woodson.= Ky., 1822-1896. A Confederate general who lived in New York city from 1876. Notes on Life Insurance; Confederate War Papers.

=Smith, Hamilton Lanphere.= Ct., 1819-1903. An educator who was professor of natural philosophy at Hobart College from 1868. Natural Philosophy; First Lessons in Astronomy and Geology.

=Smith, Henry Boynton.= Me., 1815-1877. A Presbyterian clergyman of eminence as a theologian, and professor of systematic theology in Union Seminary, New York city, 1854-74. Faith and Philosophy; Apologetics; Chronological History of the Church of Christ; Introduction to Christian Theology; System of Christian Theology. See Life and Work of, 1881; Life by Stearns, 1892. Scr.

=Smith, Henry Hollingsworth.= Pa., 1815-1890. A surgeon of Philadelphia. Minor Surgery; System of Operative Surgery; Practice of Surgery; Professional Visit to London and Paris.

=Smith, Herbert Huntington.= N. Y., 1851- ----. A scientist who has been engaged upon geological surveys in Ohio, New York, and Brazil. Brazil, the Amazons, and the Coast. Scr.

=Smith, Horace Wemyss.= Pa., 1825-1891. Son of R. P. Smith, infra. A Philadelphia journalist whose principal works include, Nuts for Future Historians to Crack; Yorktown Orderly Book; Life of Reverend William Smith, infra.

=Smith, James.= I., c. 1720-1806. A lawyer of York, Pennsylvania, who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He wrote The Constitutional Power of Great Britain over the Colonies in America, which materially aided the cause of the patriots.

=Smith, James.= Pa., 1737-1812. A once noted Kentucky pioneer. Shakerism Developed; Shakerism Detected; Remarkable Adventures in the Life of Colonel James Smith; Mode and Manner of Indian War. See Bibliography of Ohio.

=Smith, Jerome Van Crowninshield.= N. H., 1800-1879. A physician of Boston, where he was mayor in 1854, and subsequently of New York city. Class Book of Anatomy; Life of Andrew Jackson; Natural History of the Fishes of Massachusetts; Pilgrimage to Palestine; Turkey and the Turks; The Ways of Women.

=Smith, Job Lewis.= N. Y., 1827-1897. A physician of New York city who wrote a Treatise on Diseases of Children.

=Smith, John.= E., 1579-1631. A celebrated sea captain and adventurer who was one of the founders of Virginia, and of the company who settled at Jamestown in 1607. He was a forcible, vigourous writer, much given to magnifying his own exploits, and not always to be trusted in the absence of other testimony. A True Relation of Virginia; The Generall Historie of Virginia, which is partly original and partly compiled; A Map of Virginia, with a Description of the Country; A Description of New England (1616); An Accidence, or Pathway to Experience; A Sea Grammar; The True Travels of Captain John Smith, a work in which his imagination is under very little restraint as regards facts. See Lives by Hillard in Sparks’s American Biography, Mrs. Robinson, 1845, Simms, 1846, Deane, 1859, Warner, 1881, True, 1882; Tyler’s American Literature; North American Review, January, 1867; Appletons’ American Biography.

=Smith, John.= N. H., 1752-1809. A Congregational minister and educator, professor of languages at Dartmouth College and college pastor, 1778-1809, as well as librarian of the college for some thirty years. He was the author of Hebrew, Greek, and Latin Grammars, as well as some minor publications. See Memoir by his Wife, 1815.

=Smith, John Augustine.= Va., 1782-1865. A physician of New York city, previously president of William and Mary College, 1814-26. Mutations of the Earth; Moral and Physical Science; Functions of the Nervous System.

=Smith, John Cotton.= Ms., 1826-1882. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of the Church of the Ascension, 1860-82. The Church’s Law of Development; Certain Aspects of the Church; Miscellanies; Old and New; The Liturgy as a Basis of Union.

=Smith, John Hyatt.= N. Y., 1824-1886. A prominent Baptist clergyman of Brooklyn, a member of Congress, 1880-82. Gilead; The Open Door.

=Smith, John Jay.= N. J., 1798-1881. A librarian of Philadelphia who edited many works, and was author of Notes for a History of the Library Company of Philadelphia; A Summer’s Jaunt Across the Water; Historical and Literary Curiosities (with J. F. Watson).

=Smith, John Lawrence.= S. C., 1818-1883. A chemist of note who was professor of chemistry in the University of Louisville. Mineralogy and Chemistry: Original Researches.

=Smith, John Talbot.= N. Y., 1855- ----. A Roman Catholic clergyman in the diocese of Ogdensburg. History of Ogdensburg Diocese; A Woman of Culture, a novel; Solitary Island, a novel; Prairie Boy, a juvenile tale; Our Seminaries: an essay on Clerical Training.

=Smith, Joseph.= Pa., 1796-1868. A Presbyterian clergyman, once prominent in western Pennsylvania. History of Jefferson College; Old Redstone, or Historical Sketches of Western Presbyterianism.

=Smith, Joseph Edward Adams.= “Godfrey Greylock.” 1822-1896. A writer of Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Taghconic: the Romance and Beauty of the Hills; A History of Paper.

=Smith, Joseph Mather.= N. Y., 1789-1866. A physician of New York city. Elements of the Etiology and Philosophy of Epidemics; Illustrations of Medical Phenomena in Public Life.

=Smith, Judson.= Ms., 1837- ----. A Congregational clergyman and educator, secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions from 1884. Lectures in Church History; Lectures on Modern History.

=Smith, Justin Almerin.= N. Y., 1819-1896. A Baptist clergyman of Chicago, editor of The Standard from 1853. The Martyr of Vilvorde; Sinclair Thompson, the Shetland Apostle; The Spirit in the Word; Modern Church History; Patmos.

=Smith, Mrs. Luella [Dowd].= Ms., 1847- ----. A verse-writer of Hudson, New York. Wayside Leaves; Wind Flowers.

=Smith, Mrs. Lura Eugenie [Brown].= N. Y., 1864- ----. A journalist of Little Rock. On the Track and Off the Train.

=Smith, Mrs. Margaret [Bayard].= Pa., 1778-1844. Wife of S. H. Smith, infra, and once a social leader in Washington. A Winter in Washington; What is Gentility?

=Smith, Mrs. Mary Louise [Riley].= N. Y., 1842- ----. A popular verse-writer of New York city. Sometime, and Other Poems; The Inn of Rest; A Gift of Gentians, and Other Verses; Cradle and Armchair. Ran.

=Smith, Mrs. Mary Prudence [Wells].= “P. Thorne.” N. Y., 1840- ----. A Cincinnati writer for young people. The Browns; Child Life on a Farm; Jolly Good Times at School; Jolly Good Times at Hackmatack; More Good Times at Hackmatack; Miss Ellis’s Mission. A. U. A. Rob.

=Smith, Mrs. Mary Stuart [Harrison].= Pa., 1834- ----. The wife of a professor at the University of Virginia. She has made many translations from the German and French, and has also published, Heirs of the Kingdom; Virginia Cookery Book. Har.

=Smith, Matthew Hale.= Me., 1810-1879. Son of Elias Smith, supra. A clergyman of the Universalist and subsequently of the Presbyterian and other faiths, who was also a lawyer and a brilliant journalist, known as “Burleigh.” Universalism Examined, Renounced, and Exposed; Universalism not of God; Sabbath Evenings; Mount Calvary; Sunshine and Shadow in New York; Bulls and Bears of Wall Street, include his chief works.

=Smith, Minna Caroline.= Cal., 1860- ----. A journalist of Boston. The Boys of Cary Farm, a juvenile tale; Trilby, the Fairy of Argyle, from the French of Nodier. Lam. Lo.

=Smith, Nathan.= N. H., 1762-1828. A physician who was a medical professor in Dartmouth College, 1798-1813. Practical Essays on Typhus Fever; Medical and Surgical Memoirs.

=Smith, Nathan Ryno.= N. H., 1797-1877. Son of N. Smith, supra. A professor of surgery in the University of Maryland, 1840-70. Surgical Anatomy of the Arteries; Legends of the South, are among his works.

=Smith, Oliver Hampton.= N. J., 1794-1859. A once prominent United States senator from Indiana. Recollections of a Congressional Life; Early Indian Trials.

=Smith, Persifor Frazer.= Pa., 1808-1882. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Forms of Procedure in Pennsylvania Courts; Pennsylvania Supreme Court Reports, 1865-82.

=Smith, Richard Penn.= Pa., 1790-1854. Grandson of William Smith, 1st, infra. A lawyer and dramatist of Philadelphia, fifteen of whose plays were placed on the stage, and were once popular, Caius Marius being one of the best. He wrote also The Forsaken, a novel; The Actress of Padua, and Other Tales; Lives of Crockett and Martin Van Buren. His complete works in four volumes were issued in 1888.

=Smith, Richard Somers.= Pa., 1813-1877. A soldier and educator, president of Girard College, 1863-68, and for the last seven years of his life in charge of the department of drawing at the United States Naval Academy. Manual of Topographical Drawing; Manual of Linear Perspective.

=Smith, Richmond Mayo.= O., 1854-1901. A professor of political economy at Columbia College from 1883. Statistics and Economics; Emigration and Immigration; Statistics and Sociology. Mac. Scr.

=Smith, Samuel.= N. J., 1720-1766. A colonial treasurer of the province of West Jersey, who published a History of Nova Cæsarea, or New Jersey, from its Settlement to 1721.

=Smith, Samuel Francis.= Ms., 1808-1895. A Baptist clergyman near Boston, who wrote much religious verse, but will probably be longest remembered for the familiar “My Country, ’tis of thee.” He published, for juvenile readers and others, Knights and Sea Kings; Mythology and Early Greek History; Noble Workers; Poor Boys who Became Great; Rambles in Mission Fields. Lo.

=Smith, Samuel Stanhope.= Pa., 1750-1819. A Presbyterian divine, president of Princeton College, 1794-1812. Lectures on the Evidences of the Christian Religion; Moral and Political Philosophy; Sermons; Comprehensive View of Natural and Revealed Religion; On the Variety of Complexion and Figure of the Human Species, which was much noticed in its day.

=Smith, Mrs. Sarah Louisa [Hickman].= Mch., 1811-1832. A Cincinnati verse-writer whose Poems appeared in 1829.

=Smith, Seba.= “Jack Downing.” Me., 1792-1868. A journalist of Portland, Maine, and, after 1842, of New York city, very popular as a humourist in the earlier part of his career. The Letters of Major Jack Downing; Powhatan, a metrical romance; New Elements of Geometry; Way Down East, or Portraitures of Yankee Life; My Thirty Years Out of the Senate; Dew-Drops of the Nineteenth Century.

=Smith, Sebastian Bach.= G., 1845-1895. A Roman Catholic clergyman at Paterson, New Jersey. Elements of Ecclesiastical Law; New Procedure in Criminal and Disciplinary Causes of Ecclesiastics in the United States.

=Smith, Solomon Franklin.= N. Y., 1801-1869. A once popular low comedian who left the stage in 1853, and was afterward a noted lawyer of St. Louis. Theatrical Apprenticeship; Theatrical Journey Work; Autobiography (1868). Har.

=Smith, Stephen.= N. Y., 1823- ----. A New York surgeon, professor of clinical surgery in the University of the City of New York from 1874. Handbook of Surgical Operations; Principles of Operative Surgery.

=Smith, Uriah.= N. H., 1832-1903. A Seventh Day Adventist writer of Battle Creek, Michigan. Looking Unto Jesus; Here and Hereafter; The Destiny of the Wicked; Nature and Destiny of Man; A Word for the Sabbath (verse); The United States in the Light of Prophecy; Daniel and the Revelation, a very popular work, the sale of which has reached 72,000 copies; The Sure Foundation; Scripture Pathways Cleared of Stumbling-Stones.

=Smith, William.= S., 1721-1803. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia who came to America from Scotland in 1751, and in 1754 was made first provost of the University of Pennsylvania. A General Idea of the College of Mirania first brought him to the knowledge of Franklin, who was then laying plans for the university. He was author, also, of Brief Account of the Province of Pennsylvania; Sermons; Discourses on Public Occasions. See Tyler’s American Literature; Life and Correspondence of H. W. Smith, supra; Fisher’s Pennsylvania: Colony and Commonwealth.

=Smith, William.= N. Y., 1728-1793. A jurist of New York city who was a loyalist during the Revolution, and in 1786 was appointed chief justice of Canada. History of the Province of New York from its Discovery to 1732. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Smith, William.= S., 1754-1821. Nephew of W. Smith, 1st, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of Newport, Rhode Island, and elsewhere, of some note as an educator in his day. Essays on the Christian Ministry. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Smith, William Andrew.= Va., 1802-1870. A Methodist clergyman of Virginia whose Lectures on the Philosophy and Practice of Slavery are considered the ablest presentation of the pro-slavery side of the question.

=Smith, William Farrar.= Vt., 1824-1903. A brevet major-general in the United States army who resigned in 1867. From Chattanooga to Petersburg under Generals Grant and Butler. Hou.

=Smith, William Henry.= O., 1833-1896. A journalist of Cincinnati, subsequently collector of Chicago. The St. Clair Papers; Political History of the United States.

=Smith, William Loughton.= S. C., 1758-1812. A diplomatist who was minister to Portugal (1797-1800) and to Spain (1800-01), and an active Federalist politician. Speeches; Comparative View of the Constitutions of the States; American Arguments for British Rights.

=Smith, William L---- G----.= Vt., 1814- ----. Uncle Tom’s Cabin as It Is.

=Smith, William Rudolph.= Pa., 1787-1868. A Wisconsin lawyer, author of Observations on Wisconsin Territory, 1831; History of Wisconsin.

=Smith, William Russell.= Al., 1813-1896. A lawyer of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, who was a congressman prior to the Civil War, and during that period sat in the Confederate congress. The Alabama Justice; The Uses of Solitude, a poem; As It Is, a novel; Condensed Alabama Reports.

=Smith, Worthington.= Ms., 1795-1856. A Congregational clergyman of Vermont, pastor at St. Albans, 1823-1849, and president of the University of Vermont, 1849-56. His Select Sermons were much read. See Memoir by Torrey, 1861.

=Smith, Zachariah Frederick.= Ky., 1827- ----. An educator who was superintendent of public instruction in Kentucky for four years and author of a History of Kentucky.

=Smock, John Conover.= N. J., 1842- ----. A geologist, assistant in charge of the New York State Museum from 1885. Report on Clay Deposits; On Building-Stones in New York.

=Smyth, Albert Henry.= Pa., 1863- ----. An educator of Philadelphia, professor of English at the Central High School from 1886. Life of Bayard Taylor. Hou.

=Smyth, Egbert Coffin.= Me., 1829-1904. Son of W. Smyth, infra. A Congregational clergyman prominent among liberal thinkers in his denomination, and professor of ecclesiastical history at Andover Seminary from 1863. The Value of the Study of Church History in Ministerial Education; translation of Uhlhorn’s Conflict of Christianity and Heathenism (with W. Ropes).

=Smyth, Herbert Weir.= Del., 1857- ----. A professor of Greek in Bryn Mawr College from 1888. Der Diphthong EI in Griech; Sounds and Inflections of the Greek Dialects. Mac.

=Smyth, Julian Kennedy.= N. Y., 1856- ----. A Swedenborgian clergyman of Boston. Footprints of the Saviour; Holy Names as Interpretations of the Story of the Manger and the Cross. Rob.

=Smyth, [Samuel] Newman [Phillips].= Me., 1843- ----. Son of W. Smyth, infra. A Congregational clergyman of prominence and of liberal theology, pastor of the First Church at New Haven from 1882. Old Faiths in New Light; The Orthodox Theology of To-Day; The Religious Feeling; The Morality of the Old Testament; Personal Creeds; Christian Ethics; Dorner on the Future State; the Reality of Faith. Cas. Scr.

=Smyth, Thomas.= I., 1808-1873. A Presbyterian clergyman of Charleston, pastor of the Second Church, 1832-73, and very active as a controversialist, among whose many writings are, Lectures on the Prelatical Doctrine of the Apostolical Succession; History of the Westminster Assembly; Why Do I Live?; Solace for Bereaved Parents; Calvin and his Enemies; Ecclesiastical Republicanism.

=Smyth, William.= Me., 1797-1868. An educator who was professor of mathematics at Bowdoin College from 1825. Elements of Algebra; Treatise on Algebra; Trigonometry, Surveying, and Navigation; Elements of Analytical Geometry; Elements of the Differential and Integral Calculus; Lectures on Modern History.

=Snead, Thomas Lowndes.= Va., 1828-1890. A St. Louis lawyer who served in the Confederate army, and after 1865 resumed his profession in New York city. The Fight for Missouri in 1861. Scr.

=Snelling, Henry Hunt.= N. Y., 1817- ----. Brother of W. J. Snelling, infra. A writer living at Cornwall, New York, from 1871. History and Practice of Photography; Dictionary of the Photographic Art.

=Snelling, William Joseph.= Ms., 1804-1848. A journalist of Boston. The Polar Regions of the Western Continent Explored; Truth: a Satirical Poem; Six Months in a House of Correction.

=Snethen, Nicholas.= L. I., 1769-1845. A Methodist itinerant preacher, active in the formation of the Methodist Protestant denomination. Preaching the Gospel; Lay Representation; Lectures on Biblical Subjects. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Snider, Denton Jaques.= O., 1841- ----. A literary lecturer of St. Louis. System of Shakespeare’s Dramas; A Walk in Hellas; Delphic Days, an idyl in the elegiac distich; Agamemnon’s Daughter, a classic romantic poem; An Epigrammatic Voyage; Goethe’s Faust: a Commentary; The Shakespearean Drama.

=Snively, William Andrew.= Pa., 1833-1901. An Episcopal clergyman of Louisville. Family Prayers for the Christian Year; Testimonies to the Supernatural; Parish Lectures on the Prayer Book; Æsthetics in Worship; The Oberammergau Passion Play. Wh.

=Snow, Caleb Hopkins.= Ms., 1796-1835. A Boston physician who published A History of Boston; Geography of Boston and Adjacent Towns.

=Snow, Marshall Solomon.= Ms., 1842- ----. A professor of history in Washington University, author of The City Government of St. Louis. J. H. U.

=Snowden, James Ross.= Pa., 1810-1878. A numismatist who was director of the mint, 1856-61. The Mint at Philadelphia; The Mint Manual of Coins; The Coins of the Bible and its Money Terms; Medals; The Cornplanter Memorial. Lip.

=Soley, James Russell.= Ms., 1850- ----. An educator, professor at the Naval Academy, 1871-82, and lecturer on international law at Newport Naval College from 1885. The Rescue of Greeley (with W. Schley, supra); Foreign Systems of Education; The Blockade and the Cruisers; The Boys of 1812 and Other Naval Heroes; History of the Naval Academy; The Sailor Boys of ’61. Est. Scr.

=Somerville, William Clarke.= Md., 1790-1826. A writer who was appointed minister to Sweden, but died before reaching there and was buried at the Marquis Lafayette’s home at Lagrange. Letters from Paris on the Causes of the French Revolution.

=Sophocles, Evangelinus Apostolides.= Gr., 1807-1883. A Greek scholar of distinction, professor at Harvard University, 1849-83. His chief work is a Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods; and among his other publications are, Greek Grammar for Learners; History of the Greek Alphabet. Scr.

=Sotheran, Charles.= E., 1847-1902. An English bibliographer who came to America in 1874, and, settling in New York city, engaged in journalism. Alessandro di Cagliostro: Impostor or Martyr; Shelley as Philosopher and Reformer.

=Soule= [soo´lay], =Mrs. Caroline Augusta [White].= N. Y., 1824-1904. The widow of a Universalist minister who entered the ministry herself, was the first foreign missionary of that denomination, and in 1888 was in charge of a congregation in Glasgow, Scotland. House Life; The Pet of the Settlement; Wine or Water.

=Soule= [sole], =Richard.= Ms., 1812-1877. A lexicographer of Boston. Manual of English Pronunciation (with W. H. Wheeler, infra); Dictionary of English Synonyms; Pronouncing Handbook (with L. Campbell). Le.

=Southgate, Horatio.= Me., 1812-1894. The first and only Protestant Episcopal bishop of Constantinople. He was consecrated in 1844, but resigned his office in 1850, and held various rectorships subsequently, including that of Zion Church, New York city, 1859-72, in which latter year he retired from active duties. The Cross Above the Crescent; Parochial Sermons; Narrative of a Tour Through Armenia, etc.; The War in the East; Practical Directions for the Observance of Lent.

=Southworth, Mrs. Emma Dorothy Eliza [Nevitte].= D. C., 1819-1899. A voluminous writer of sensational romances, mainly of Southern life and some sixty in number, for many years a resident of Washington, but from 1876 of Yonkers, New York. The literary merit of her works is very slender. They were in nearly every case first issued serially in The New York Ledger, and have been very popular amongst uncritical readers. Among them are, Ishmael; The Widow’s Son; Retribution; The Family Doom. See Hart’s American Literature.

=Spaeth= [spāt], =Adolph.= Wg., 1839- ----. A prominent Lutheran clergyman of Philadelphia, pastor of St. John’s Church from 1867. Die Evangelien des Kirchenjahrs; Brosamen von des Herrn Tische; Saarkörner; Luther in Lied seiner Zeitgenossen; Phœbe the Deaconess; Liederlust; Faith and Life Represented by Luther; Annotations on the Gospel according to St. John.

=Spahr, Charles Barzillai.= O., 1860-1904. A political economist, associate editor of The Outlook from 1886. The Distribution of American Wealth. Cr.

=Spalding, John Franklin.= Me., 1828-1902. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of the diocese of Colorado. The Threefold Ministry; Manual of Prayers; The Church and its Apostolic Ministry.

=Spalding, John Lancaster.= Ky., 1840- ----. Nephew of M. J. Spalding, infra. The Roman Catholic bishop of Peoria, and widely known as a thoughtful essayist and educator. Life of Archbishop Spalding; Essays and Reviews; Religious Mission of the Irish People and Catholic Colonization; Lectures and Discourses; America, and Other Poems; The Poet’s Praise; Education and the Higher Life; Means and Ends of Education; Things of the Mind; Songs, chiefly from the German. Mg.

=Spalding, Lyman.= N. H., 1775-1821. A physician at Portsmouth, in his native State, and subsequently of New York city, who was one of the early advocates of vaccination. Reflections on Fever; Reflections on Yellow Fever Periods.

=Spalding, Martin John.= Ky., 1810-1872. A Roman Catholic archbishop of Baltimore, 1864-72, active as a controversialist. Review of D’Aubigné’s History of the Reformation; Modern Civilization; Evidences of Catholicity; Life of Bishop Flaget; Early Catholic Missions in Kentucky; Miscellanea. See Life by J. L. Spalding, supra; Gross’s Sketches of Contemporaries.

=Spalding, Mrs. Susan [Marr].= Me., 18-- - ----. A verse-writer of Philadelphia whose poems are much above the level of average verse. The Wings of Icarus, and Other Poems. Rob.

=Sparhawk, Frances Campbell.= Me., 1847- ----. A novelist and philanthropist of Newton, Massachusetts, who has written much in behalf of the Indian cause. A Chronicle of Conquest, a romance of the Indian school at Carlisle; Little Polly Blatchley; Miss West’s Class in Geography; Elizabeth, a colonial romance; The Query Club; A Lazy Man’s Work; Onoqua, an Indian Story; Senator Intrigue and Inspector Nosely. Le. Lo.

=Sparks, Jared.= Ct., 1789-1866. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor at Baltimore, 1819-23, professor of history at Harvard University, 1839-49, and president of Harvard University, 1849-53. He is best known by the American Biography which he edited, and of which he was in part the author. It includes sixty lives, of which he wrote those of Ethan Allen; Benedict Arnold; Marquette; La Salle; Pulaski; Ribault; Charles Lee; Ledyard. He was also author of a Life of Gouverneur Morris. He published editions of the works of Franklin and Washington, with notes and life of each; and also Correspondence of the American Revolution. His editing has been sometimes criticised because he occasionally toned down passages of unorthodox vigour and corrected the spelling of his subjects, but his eminent merits in other respects have been generally recognized. See Lives by Mayer, supra, 1867; G. E. Ellis, supra, 1869; Herbert Adams, supra. Har.

=Sparks, William Henry.= Ga., 1800-1882. A Mississippi planter, after 1850 a lawyer of New Orleans, who published Memories of Fifty Years. He was a popular verse-writer, his best-known poems being, Somebody’s Darling; The Dying Year.

=Spaulding, Elbridge Gerry.= N. Y., 1809-1897. A banker of Buffalo, author of a History of Legal Tender Money During the Great Rebellion.

=Spaulding, Henry George.= Ms., 1837- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of Massachusetts, among whose writings are, The Teachings of Jesus; Later Heroes of Israel; Forty Hymns and their Authors.

=Spaulding, Solomon.= Ct., 1761-1816. A Congregational clergyman of New England who left the ministry in 1795 and was subsequently an iron-founder at Conneaut, Ohio, where he wrote a romance called The Manuscript Found, published in 1812, and sometimes asserted to be the basis of the Mormon Bible. See Patterson’s, Who Wrote the Mormon Bible? 1882.

=Spear, Charles.= Ms., 1801-1863. A Universalist minister of Boston active in prison reform. Names and Titles of Christ; Essays on the Punishment of Death; Plea for Discharged Convicts; Voices from Prison.

=Spear, Samuel Thayer.= N. Y., 1812-1891. A Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn, editor of The New York Independent from 1871. Family Power; Religion and the State; Constitutionality of the Legal Tender Act; The Law of the Federal Judiciary; The Law of Extradition; The Bible Heaven. Fu.

=Spears, John Randolph.= O., 1850- ----. A journalist of New York city. The Gold Diggings of Cape Horn; The Port of Missing Ships, and Other Stories of the Sea. Mac. Put.

=Speed, John Gilmer.= Ky., 1853- ----. A journalist of New York city. Life of Keats.

=Speer, William.= Pa., 1822- ----. A Presbyterian missionary in China. China and the United States; The Great Revival of 1800; God’s Rule for Christian Giving.

=Spencer, Mrs. Bella Zilfa.= E., 1840-1867. A novelist who was the first wife of General George E. Spencer, formerly of the United States army. Ora, the Lost Wife; Tried and True; Surface and Depth.

=Spencer, Mrs. Cornelia [Phillips].= N. Y., 1825- ----. A North Carolina writer who published The Last Ninety Days of the War in North Carolina; History of North Carolina.

=Spencer, Ichabod Smith.= Vt., 1798-1854. A Presbyterian clergyman prominent in Brooklyn for many years. A Pastor’s Sketches; Sermons; Sacramental Discourses; Evidences of Divine Revelation.

=Spencer, Jesse Ames.= N. Y., 1816-1898. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, professor in the College of the City of New York, 1869-83, and editor of many valuable classical text-books. His other works include, History of the English Reformation; History of the United States, a very popular work; Sermons; Discourses; The East: Sketches of Travel in Egypt and the Holy Land; Greek Praxis; Five Last Things; Studies in Eschatology; Papalism vs. Catholic Truth; Memorabilia of Sixty-Five Years, 1820-86. Wh.

=Spencer, Mrs. Sara [Andrews].= N. Y., 1837- ----. A prominent woman-suffragist of Washington, proprietor of the Spencerian Business College. Problems on the Woman Question; Lessons in the English Language.

=Spencer, Thomas.= Ms., 1793-1857. A physician who was medical professor at Hobart College, 1835-57. Lectures on Vital Chemistry; Practical Observations on Epidemic Diarrhœa known as Cholera. See Memoir of, by S. Willard, 1858.

=Spencer, Mrs. William Loring [Nuñez].= Fl., 18-- - ----. A writer who is the second wife of General George E. Spencer, formerly of the United States army. Salt Lake Fruit; The Story of Mary, republished as Dennis Day; A Plucky One; Calamity Jane. Cas.

=Spitzka, Edward Charles.= N. Y., 1852- ----. A physician of New York city eminent as a neurologist. Insanity, its Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

=Spofford, Ainsworth Rand.= N. H., 1825- ----. The librarian of Congress, and editor of The American Almanac and Treasury of Facts. Library of Choice Literature; Library of Historical Characters.

=Spofford, Mrs. Harriet Elizabeth [Prescott].= Me., 1835- ----. A novelist and poet of Newburyport whose best work in both prose and verse is markedly original, and characterized by striking luxuriance of description. Azarian; Sir Rohan’s Ghost; The Amber Gods, and Other Stories; New England Legends; The Thief in the Night; The Marquis of Carabas, a romance; A Lost Jewel; Hester Stanley at St. Mark’s, a story for girls; The Scarlet Poppy, and Other Stories; Art Decoration Applied to Furniture; Home and Hearth; Essays on the Domestic Relations; Three Heroines of New England (with Alice Brown, supra, and L. Guiney, supra); The Servant Girl Question; A Master Spirit; Ballads About Authors; Poems; In Titian’s Garden, and Other Poems. See Atlantic Monthly, April, 1882. Cop. Do. Har. Hou. Le. Rob. Scr.

=Spooner, Lysander.= Ms., 1808-1887. A lawyer of Boston prominent as an abolitionist. Our Finances; The Deist’s Reply to the Alleged Supernatural Evidences of Christianity; A Defence for Fugitive Slaves; Unconstitutionality of Slavery; The Law of Prices; Poverty: Causes and Cure.

=Spooner, Shearjashub.= Vt., 1809-1859. A dentist of New York city. Guide to Sound Teeth; Surgical and Mechanical Dentistry; Biographical and Critical Dictionary of Painters, Engravers, Sculptors, and Architects; Anecdotes of Painters.

=Sprague, Alfred White.= Sh., 1821- ----. A Boston chemist who published Chemical Experiments; Elements of Natural Philosophy.

=Sprague, Charles.= Ms., 1791-1875. A cashier of the Globe Bank, Boston, 1825-65, well known in his lifetime as a verse-writer, and still pleasantly remembered for the genuine sentiment in such poems as The Family Meeting and The Winged Worshippers, though an Ode to Shakespeare was once much praised. His poems first appeared in 1841, the latest edition being that of 1876. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Sprague, Charles Ezra.= N. Y., 1842- ----. The secretary of the Dime Savings Institution in New York city from 1878. Logical Symbolism; Handbook of Volapük.

=Sprague, John Titcomb.= Ms., 1810-1888. An officer of the United States army who was military governor of Florida in 1865. Origin, etc., of the Florida War (1848).

=Sprague, Mary Aplin.= O., 1849- ----. A novelist of Newark, Ohio. An Earnest Trifler. Hou.

=Sprague, Peleg.= Ms., 1793-1880. A once noted jurist of Boston. Speeches and Addresses; Decisions in Admiralty and Maritime Cases.

=Sprague, William Buell.= Ct., 1795-1875. A Presbyterian clergyman of Albany whose Annals of the American Pulpit in ten volumes is the work by which he is best known. Other works of his include, Letters to a Daughter; The Daughter’s Own Book; Letters from Europe; Letters on Revivals; True Christianity, and Other Systems; Life of Edward Dorr Griffin, supra; Letters to Young Men; Women of the Bible; Visits to European Celebrities; Life of Jedidiah Morse, supra; Aids to Early Religion.

=Sprecher, Samuel.= Md., 1810- ----. A Lutheran clergyman, president of Wurtemburg Seminary at Springfield, Ohio, 1849-74, and author of The Groundwork of a System of Lutheran Theology.

=Spring, Gardiner.= Ms., 1785-1873. A Presbyterian clergyman, long prominent in New York city as pastor of the Brick Church, 1810-73. Power of the Pulpit; The Church in the Wilderness; Sermons; Distinguishing Traits of Christian Character; Pulpit Ministrations; Attractions of the Cross; The Bible Not of Man; The Mercy Seat, comprise his chief works. See Personal Reminiscences of. C. P. S.

=Spring, Leverett Wilson.= Vt., 1840- ----. A Congregational clergyman and educator, professor of English literature at the University of Kansas, 1881-86, and professor of rhetoric at Williams College from 1886. History of Kansas; Mark Hopkins: Teacher. Hou.

=Springer, Mrs. Rebecca [Ruter].= Ind., 1832- ----. The wife of an Illinois senator, and author of Songs of the Sea, and two novels, Beechwood; Self.

=Sproull= [sprowl], =Thomas.= Pa., 1803-1892. A Reformed Presbyterian clergyman of Pittsburg, who published Prelections on Theology.

=Squier= [skwīr], =Ephraim George.= N. Y., 1821-1888. An archæologist and diplomatist, consul to Peru, 1863-1865, and consul-general of Honduras at New York in 1868. Nicaragua; Mexican Hieroglyphics; Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley (with E. H. Davis, supra); Antiquities of the State of New York; Waikna, or Adventures on the Mosquito Coast; The States of Central America; Serpent Symbols; Peru. Ho.

=Squier, Miles Powell.= Vt., 1792-1866. A Presbyterian clergyman of Geneva, New York. The Problem Solved, or Sin Not of God; Reason and the Bible; Miscellaneous Writings; Autobiography.

=Staley, Cady.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A civil engineer, president of the Case School of Applied Science at Cleveland, and author of The Separate System of Sewerage (with G. S. Pierson).

=Stall, Sylvanus.= N. Y., 1847- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1880-87, and since then editor of Stall’s Lutheran Year Book. Methods of Church Work; Pastor’s Record; Talks to the King’s Children; Five-Minute Object Sermons to Children. Fu.

=Stallo, John Bernhard.= G., 1823-1900. A Cincinnati lawyer, minister to Italy in 1885. Concepts and Theories of Modern Physics; General Principles of the Philosophy of Nature. Ap.

=Stanley, Anthony Dumond.= Ct., 1810-1853. An educator who was a professor of mathematics at Yale University, 1836-53. Elementary Treatise of Spherical Geometry and Trigonometry; Tables of Logarithms.

=Stanley, Sir Henry Morton=, originally John Rowlands. W., 1841-1904. A noted African explorer. In 1855 he was adopted by a New Orleans merchant whose name he took. He was sent by the New York Herald in search of Livingstone in 1870, and was again sent to Africa by the Herald in 1874. In 1879 he accompanied an African expedition sent by the King of the Belgians, which resulted in the establishment of the Congo Free State. How I Found Livingstone; My Kalulu, Prince, King, and Slave, a Study of Central Africa; Coomassie and Magdala; Through the Dark Continent; The Congo and the Founding of its Free State; In Darkest Africa; My Dark Companions; My Early Travels in America and Asia; Slavery and the Slave Trade in India. See Stanley and Africa, 1890; Headley’s Adventures of Stanley; Lives by Montefiore, 1889, Little, 1890, Reddall, 1890; Packard’s Stanley and the Congo; Stanley and his Heroic Relief of Emin Pasha, by E. P. Scott; Wauters’s Stanley’s Emin Pasha Expedition; With Stanley’s Rear Column. Har.

=Stansbury, Howard.= N. Y., 1806-1863. An explorer who was a topographical engineer in the United States army, and published An Expedition to Great Salt Lake (1852). Lip.

=Stanton, Mrs. Elizabeth [Cady].= N. Y., 1815-1902. Wife of H. B. Stanton, infra. A celebrated woman-suffragist and reformer who devoted the larger part of her life to suffrage and other reforms, and (with S. Anthony and F. Gage) published a History of the Woman Suffrage Movement.

=Stanton, Frank Lebby.= Ga., 1858- ----. A journalist and popular verse-writer of Atlanta. Songs of the Soil. Ap.

=Stanton, Henry Brewster.= Ct., 1805-1887. A journalist and reformer of New York city. Sketches of Reforms and Reformers in Great Britain and Ireland; Random Recollections. Har.

=Stanton, Henry Thompson.= Va., 1834-1898. Son of R. H. Stanton, infra. An officer in the United States army and an Indian commissioner who wrote much humorous verse. The Moneyless Man, and Other Poems; Jacob Brown, and Other Poems. Clke.

=Stanton, Richard Henry.= Va., 1812-1891. A jurist of Kentucky. Code of Civil and Criminal Practice in Kentucky; Practical Treatise for Justices of the Peace; Manual for Kentucky Executors.

=Stanton, Robert Livingstone.= Ct., 1810-1885. Brother of H. B. Stanton, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman who published The Church and the Rebellion.

=Stanton, Theodore.= N. Y., 1851- ----. Son of H. B. and E. Stanton, supra. A journalist living in Paris. The Woman Question in Europe. Put.

=Stanwood, Edward.= Me., 1841- ----. A Boston journalist, managing editor of The Youth’s Companion. A History of Presidential Elections; History of Cotton Manufacture in New England. Hou.

=Starr, Eliza Allen.= Ms., 1824-1901. An art lecturer in Chicago. Patron Saints; Pilgrims and Shrines; Songs of a Lifetime.

=Starr, Frederic Ratchford.= N. S., 1821-1889. A noted dairy farmer of Litchfield, Connecticut. Didley Dumps, the Newsboy; May I Not?; What Can I Do?; Farm Echoes; From Shore to Shore.

=Starr, Moses Allen.= N. Y., 1854- ----. A physician of New York city, prominent as a neurologist. Familiar Forms of Nervous Diseases; Lectures on Insanity; Brain Surgery.

=Stauffer, Francis Henry.= Pa., 1832- ----. A sensational novelist of Philadelphia, long a contributor to the Saturday Night. Among his serials published in that paper, none of them of much literary merit, are Ruth Brandon; Lucy Darrel; Devona the Dauntless.

=Staunton, William.= E., 1803-1889. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city who published an Ecclesiastical Dictionary, and wrote much on musical topics.

=Stearns, Asahel.= Ms., 1774-1839. A Massachusetts lawyer and Congressman, professor of law at Harvard University, 1817-29. Summary of the Law and Practice of Real Actions; General Laws, 1780-1822 (with L. Shaw).

=Stearns, Charles.= Ms., 1753-1826. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor at Lincoln, Massachusetts, from 1785 till his death. The Ladies’ Philosophy of Love, a Poem; Principles of Morality and Religion.

=Stearns, Charles Woodward.= Ms., 1818-1887. A physician and surgeon of note as a Shakespearean scholar. Shakespeare’s Medical Knowledge; Shakespeare Treasury of Wisdom and Knowledge; Concordance of the Constitution of the United States; The Black Men and the South and the Rebels.

=Stearns, Edward Josiah.= Ms., 1810-1890. An Episcopal clergyman and educator in Maryland. A Platform for All Parties; Notes on Uncle Tom’s Cabin; Practical Guide to English Pronunciation; The Faith of Our Forefathers, an Examination of Archbishop Gibbons’s “Faith of Our Fathers;” The Archbishop’s Champion Brought to Book. Wh.

=Stearns, Frank Preston.= Ms., 1846- ----. Great-nephew of L. M. Child, supra. A Boston writer upon art, literature, and history. The Real and Ideal in Literature; Life of Tintoretto; The Midsummer of Italian Art; Sketches from Concord and Appledore; Modern English Prose; Summer Travel in Europe. Put.

=Stearns, John Glazier.= N. H., 1795-1874. A Baptist clergyman once prominent in central New York. The Primitive Church; Letters on Freemasonry; The Sovereignty of God and Free Agency; The Influence of the Spirit and the Word in Regeneration.

=Stearns, John William.= Ms., 1829- ----. A professor in the University of Wisconsin from 1884. The History of Education in Wisconsin.

=Stearns, Lewis French.= Ms., 1847-1892. A Presbyterian clergyman, afterwards professor of systematic theology in Bangor Theological Seminary, 1880-92. The Evidence of Christian Experience; Present Day Theology, with Biographical Sketch by G. L. Prentiss, supra; Life of Henry Boynton Smith, supra. Hou. Scr.

=Stearns, Oakman Sprague.= Me., 1817-1893. A Baptist clergyman of Massachusetts, professor of biblical interpretation at Newton Theological Seminary from 1868. A Syllabus of Messianic Passages in the Old Testament; Introduction to the Books of the Old Testament.

=Stearns, Samuel.= Ms., 1747-1819. A physician and astronomer of Worcester, New York city, and lastly of Brattleboro, Vermont. Tour to London and Paris; Mystery of Animal Magnetism; American Oracle; The American Herbal or Materia Medica.

=Stearns, William Augustus.= Ms., 1805-1876. A Congregational clergyman, president of Amherst College, 1854-76. Infant Church Membership; A Plea for the Nation.

=Stearns, Winfrid Alden.= 185- - ----. Son of W. A. Stearns, supra. Labrador: a Sketch of its Peoples, etc.; Wrecked on Labrador; New England Bird Life (with E. Coues, supra).

=Stebbins, Giles Badger.= 1817-1900. After Dogmatic Theology, What?; The American Protectionist’s Manual; Chapters from the Bible of the Ages; Facts and Opinions Touching the American Colonization Society; Progress from Poverty.

=Stebbins, Emma.= N. Y., 1815-1882. A sculptress who lived many years in Rome, where she formed a friendship with Charlotte Cushman. Charlotte Cushman: Her Letters and Memories of her Life. Hou.

=Stebbins, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth [Moore] [Hewitt].= Ms., 1818- ----. Memorial of F. S. Osgood, supra; Songs of Our Lord; Heroines of History; Poems: Sacred, Passionate, and Legendary.

=Stebbins, Rufus Phineas.= Ms., 1810-1885. A Unitarian clergyman of Ithaca, New York, and subsequently of Newton Centre, Massachusetts. A Study of the Pentateuch; A Common Sense View of the Books of the Old Testament.

=Stedman, Edmund Clarence.= Ct., 1833- ----. A poet and literary critic of New York city, for many years a member of the Stock Exchange there. His volumes of verse include, Poems: Lyric and Idyllic; The Prince’s Ball; The Battle of Bull Run; Alice of Monmouth; Idyl of the Great War, and Other Poems; The Blameless Prince; Hawthorne, and Other Poems; Lyrics and Idyls; Poems, Household Edition; The Star Bearer. His other works comprise, Octavius Brooks Frothingham and the New Faith; Victorian Poets; Poets of America; The Nature and Elements of Poetry. His most important labours as editor have been, A Library of American Literature (with E. M. Hutchinson, supra); The Works of Poe (with G. E. Woodberry, infra); A Victorian Anthology. See Vedder’s American Writers; Foley’s American Authors, 1897. Hou.

=Steele, Daniel.= N. Y., 1824- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator of note. Commentary on Joshua; Love Enthroned; Milestone Papers; Antinomianism Revived; Commentary on Leviticus and Numbers; Bible Readings; Sermons and Essays. Meth.

=Steele, David.= I., 1827- ----. A Reformed Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia from 1861. The Times in Which we Live, and the Ministry they Require; The Apologetics of History.

=Steele, Mrs. Esther [Baker].= N. Y., 1835- ----. Wife of J. D. Steele, infra, and co-author with him of a General History and school histories of the United States; France; Ancient Peoples; Mediæval and Modern Peoples; Greece; Rome.

=Steele, George McKendree.= N. Y., 1823-1902. A Methodist clergyman and educator, principal of Wilbraham Academy, Massachusetts. Outline Study of Political Economy. Meth.

=Steele, Joel Dorman.= N. Y., 1836-1886. A prominent educator of Elmira, New York, who published Barnes’s History of the United States and a series of text-books on the sciences, each intended for a course of study of fourteen weeks, including Natural Philosophy; Geology; Human Physiology; Zoölogy; Chemistry.

=Steele, Mrs. Margaret.= See Conkling, Mrs.

=Steele, Thomas Sedgwick.= Ct., 1845- ----. Canoe and Camera: a Tour Through the Maine Forests; Paddle and Portage from Moosehead Lake to the Aroostook River; A Voyage to Vikingland. Est.

=Steendam, Jacob.= H., 1616-16--?. The earliest verse-writer of New York. He was in the employ of the Dutch West India Company, and lived in New Amsterdam, now New York, from 1650 to 1663, about which time he returned to Holland. The place and date of his death are unknown. His four small volumes of verse include, Der Distelvink (The Thistle Finch); Klacht van Nieuw Amsterdam (The Complaint of New Amsterdam); Tlof van Nieuw Nederland (The Praise of New Netherland); Prichel Vaarsen (Spurring Verses). The literary merit of his work is small.

=Steenstra, Peter Henry.= H., 1833- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Cambridge, Massachusetts, professor of Old Testament criticism and interpretation in the Episcopal Theological School from 1867. The Being of God as Unity and Trinity. Hou.

=Steiger, Ernst.= Sxy., 1832- ----. A bibliographer and publisher of New York city. Der Nachdruck in Nordamerika; Das Copyright Law in den Vereinigten Staaten; Periodical Literature, a bibliography.

=Stella.= See Lewis, Mrs.

=Stellhorn, Frederick William.= G., 1841- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of Ohio, professor of theology in Capitol University, who has published a Lexicon of New Testament Greek; Annotations on the Acts of the Apostles; Annotations on the Gospels.

=Stephen, Mrs. Elizabeth [Willison].= Al., 1856- ----. The wife of a Presbyterian clergyman in Rockport, Illinois. The Confessions of Two, a novel.

=Stephens, Alexander Hamilton.= Ga., 1812-1883. A distinguished Georgia statesman who was a representative in Congress from his State, 1843-59, vice-president of the Confederacy, subsequently a member of Congress, and in 1882 governor of Georgia. School History of the United States; History of the War between the States; Compendium of United States History. See Carroll’s Twelve Americans; Life by F. H. Norton; Life by Johnston and Browne; Harper’s Magazine, February, 1870; Appletons’ American Biography; Trent’s Southern Statesmen. Lip.

=Stephens, Mrs. Ann Sophia [Winterbotham].= Ct., 1813-1886. A novelist and littérateur of New York city whose books were at one time much read. Among them are, Fashion and Famine, her best work; A Story of Western Life; The Old Homestead; Myra, the Child of Adoption; The Heiress; Wives and Widows; The Curse of Gold; A Popular History of the United States. She wrote not a little verse, her best known poem being the familiar Polish Boy.

=Stephens, Charles Asbury.= Me., 1847- ----. A writer of Norway, Maine. Camping Out; Off the Geysers; Left on Labrador; Fox Hunting; On the Amazon; The Young Moose-Hunters; The Knockabout Club in the Woods and in the Tropics. Co. Est.

=Stephens, Harriet Marion.= 1823-1850. Home Scenes and Home Sounds; Hagar the Martyr, a novel.

=Stephens, John Lloyd.= N. J., 1805-1852. A traveller of note. Incidents of Travel in Central America; Yucatan; Egypt, Arabia, and the Holy Land; Greece, Turkey, and Russia. See Allibone’s Dictionary. Har.

=Stephens, William.= E., 1671-1753. A colonial governor of Georgia, 1743-1750, who published a Journal of the Proceedings in Georgia. See Biography by his son, entitled The Castle Builder, or the History of William Stephens of the Isle of Wight.

=Stern, Simon Adler.= Pa., 1838- ----. Florentine Nights; Excerpts; Jottings of Travel in China and Japan.

=Sternberg, George Miller.= N. Y., 1838- ----. A surgeon in the United States army. Photo-Micrographs; Malaria and Malarial Diseases; Bacteria, from the French of Maguin; Immunity: Protective Inoculations in Infectious Diseases; Manual of Bacteriology. Hou.

=Sterne, Simon.= Pa., 1839-1901. A prominent politician of New York city. Popular Government and Personal Representation; Constitutional History and Development of the United States; Suffrage in Cities; Hindrances to Prosperity. Lip. Put.

=Sterne, Stuart.= See Bloede.

=Sterrett, John Robert Sitlington.= Va., 1851- ----. A professor of Greek at Amherst College from 1892. Qua in re Hymni Homerici quinque majores inter se differunt; Inscriptions of Assos; Epigraphical Journey in Asia Minor; The Wolfe Expedition to Asia Minor.

=Stevens, Abel.= Pa., 1815-1897. A Methodist clergyman of New York city of prominence as a writer, and long connected with the Methodist Book Concern. History of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States; History of Methodism; Life of Madame de Staël; Life of Nathan Bangs, supra; Character Sketches; Women of Methodism; Christian Work and Consolation; Church Polity; Tales from the Parsonage, are among his many publications. Har. Meth.

=Stevens, Alexander Hodgdon.= N. Y., 1789-1869. A surgeon of New York city, whose chief works are, Inflammation of the Eye; Lectures on Lithotomy; First Lines of Surgery.

=Stevens, Benjamin Franklin.= Vt., 1833-1902. Brother of H. Stevens, infra. A bibliographer who edited Campaign in Virginia in 1781; Facsimiles of MSS. in European Archives Relating to America, 1773-83.

=Stevens, Charles Ellis.= Ms., 1853- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia. The Sources of the Constitution of the United States in Relation to Colonial and English History. Mac.

=Stevens, George Barker.= N. Y., 1854- ----. A Congregational clergyman and educator of New Haven, professor in Yale Divinity School from 1886. Commentary on Galatians; The Pauline Theology; The Johannine Theology; Doctrine and Life. Scr.

=Stevens, Henry.= Vt., 1819-1886. A bibliographer of prominence, who lived in London after 1845. Historical Nuggets; Historical Collections; Recollections of James Lenox; The Tehuantepec Railway; Historical and Geographical Notes; The Bibles in the Caxton Exhibition; Catalogue of the American Books in the British Museum; and indexes to state papers in London relating to Virginia, Maryland, Rhode Island, and New Jersey.

=Stevens, John Austin.= N. Y., 1827- ----. An author of New York city, and later of Newport, Rhode Island, who founded the Magazine of American History; The Valley of the Rio Grande; The Expedition of Lafayette against Arnold; Life of Albert Gallatin, supra. Hou.

=Stevens, John Leavitt.= Me., 1820-1895. A diplomatist who was minister to Uruguay and Paraguay, 1870-73, to Sweden, 1877-83, to Hawaii, 1889-93. History of Gustavus Adolphus.

=Stevens, Thomas.= E., 1855- ----. A noted cyclist who has published, Scouting for Stanley in East Africa; Around the World on a Bicycle: From San Francisco to Teheran, From Teheran to Yokohama; Through Russia on a Mustang. Cas. Scr.

=Stevens, William Bacon.= Me., 1815-1887. The fourth Protestant Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania, consecrated in 1862. History of Georgia; The Bow in the Cloud; Sermons; Sabbaths of Our Lord; Parables of the New Testament Unfolded; History of Silk Culture in Georgia; The Sunday at Home. Co.

=Stevenson, E[dward] Irenæus.= N. J., 1858- ----. A littérateur of New York city, since 1881 the editor of The New York Independent, and for many years an editor of Harper’s Weekly. He has been the musical editor of several journals for a number of years. White Cockades, an Incident of the “Forty-five;” Janus, reissued as A Matter of Temperament, a musical novel; Left to Themselves, reissued as Philip and Gerald; Mrs. Dee’s Encore; A Square of Sevens. Har. Meth. Scr.

=Stevenson, Sarah Hackett.= Il., 1843- ----. A physician of Chicago. Boys and Girls in Biology; The Physiology of Woman.

=Steward, Theophilus Gould.= N. J., 1843- ----. A clergyman of African descent. Death, Hades, and the Resurrection; The End of the World; Genesis Re-read.

=Stewart, Austin.= Va., c. 1793-186-. An author and educator of African descent who published, Twenty-Two Years a Slave and Forty Years a Freeman.

=Stewart, Charles Samuel.= N. J., 1795-1870. A Presbyterian clergyman, chaplain in the navy. Residence at the Sandwich Islands in 1822-23; Visit to the South Seas in the Ship Vincennes; Sketches of Society in Great Britain and Ireland in 1832; Brazil and La Plata in 1850-63; Personal Record of a Cruise.

=Stewart, Mrs. Electra Maria [Sheldon].= N. Y., 1817- ----. A writer of Detroit. Early History of Michigan; The Clevelands, a religious juvenile tale.

=Stewart, Ferdinand Campbell.= Va., 1815- ----. A physician of New York city who removed to England in 1855. Hospitals and Surgeons of Paris.

=Stewart, James.= N. Y., 1799-1864. A physician of New York city. Diseases of Children; The Lungs.

=Stewart, Thomas McCants.= S. C., 1854- ----. A New York city lawyer of African descent. Liberia: the Americo-African Republic; Perils of a Great City.

=Stickney, Albert.= Ms., 1839- ----. A lawyer of New York city. The Lawyer and his Clients; A True Republic; Democratic Government: a Study of Politics; The Political Problem. Har.

=Stickney, Mrs. Julia Granby [Noyes].= Ms., 1830- ----. A verse-writer of Groveland, Massachusetts. Poems on Lake Winnepesaukee.

=Stiles, Ezra.= Ct., 1727-1795. A Congregational clergyman, famous in colonial days, who was president of Yale College, 1778-95. Account of the Settlement of Bristol, Rhode Island; History of Three of the Judges of Charles the First, Whalley, Goffe, and Dixwell. See Life, by Abiel Holmes, supra; Life by Kingsley in Sparks’s American Biography; The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles.

=Stiles, Henry Reed.= N. Y., 1832- ----. Kinsman of E. Stiles, supra. A prominent physician of Brooklyn. History and Genealogies of Ancient Windsor, Connecticut; History of Brooklyn, Long Island; The Wallabout Prison Ship.

=Stiles, Joseph Clay.= Ga., 1795-1875. A Presbyterian clergyman, after 1860 an evangelist in the South. Modern Reform Examined, or the Union of North and South on Slavery; The National Controversy.

=Stiles, William Henry.= Ga., 1808-1865. Brother of J. C. Stiles, supra. A Savannah lawyer who was an officer in the Confederate army. History of Austria.

=Still, William.= N. J., 1821-1902. A noted Philadelphia philanthropist of African descent. The Underground Railroad; Voting and Laboring; Struggle for the Rights of Colored People in Philadelphia.

=Stillé= [stĭl´le], =Alfred.= Pa., 1813-1900. A physician of Philadelphia. Elements of General Pathology; The Unity of Medicine; Humboldt’s Life and Character; War as an Element of Civilization; Othello and Desdemona: their Characters; The National Dispensatory (with Maisch); Therapeutics and Materia Medica; Epidemic Meningitis; Epidemic or Malignant Cholera. Lip.

=Stillé, Charles Janeway.= Pa., 1819-1899. Brother of A. Stillé, supra. A Philadelphia educator, provost of the University of Pennsylvania, 1868-80. Historical Development of American Civilization; Studies in Mediæval Civilization; Beaumarchais and the Lost Million, a chapter of the Secret History of the American Revolution; History of the United States Sanitary Commission; How a Free People Conduct a Long War; Northern Interest and Southern Independence; Life and Times of John Dickinson; General Anthony Wayne and the Pennsylvania Line. Lip.

=Stillé, Moreton.= Pa., 1822-1855. Brother of A. Stillé, supra. A Philadelphia physician, co-author with F. Wharton of a Treatise on Medical Jurisprudence.

=Stillman, Samuel.= Pa., 1738-1807. A Baptist clergyman, pastor of the First Baptist Church in Boston from 1765 till his death, and a man of prominence in his day. His Select Sermons were published in 1808. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Stillman, William James.= N. Y., 1828-1901. A littérateur and artist who was consul at Rome, 1861-65, and in Crete, 1865-69. He lived at Rome from 1886 to 1898 as correspondent of the London Times for Italy and Greece. History of the Cretan Insurrection; Poetic Localities of Cambridge; Herzegovina and the Late Uprising; Turkish Rule and Warfare; On the Track of Ulysses; Manual of Photography; Autobiography. Hou.

=Stimpson, William.= Ms., 1830-1872. A naturalist of eminence. Descriptiones Animalium Evertebratorum; Notes on North American Crustacea; Crustacea Dredged in the Gulf Stream.

=Stimson, Alexander Lovett.= Ms., 1816- ----. A lawyer and journalist. History of the Express Companies; New England Boys; Waifwood, a novel.

=Stimson, Frederick Jesup.= “J. S. of Dale.” Ms., 1855- ----. A lawyer and popular novelist of Boston. Labor in its Relations to Law; Handbook of the Labor Law of the United States; American Statute Law; Glossary of Technical Terms of the Common Law; Uniform State Legislation. In fiction he has published, Guerndale; The Crime of Henry Vane; The King’s Men; The Residuary Legatee; The Sentimental Calendar; In the Three Zones; First Harvests; Pirate Gold; King Noanett; Rollo’s Journey to Cambridge (with J. T. Wheelwright, infra). Hou. Lam. Lit. Scr.

=Stimson, John Ward.= N. J., 1850- ----. An artist of New York city, four years superintendent of the Metropolitan Museum art schools. The Law of Three Primaries.

=Stimson, Lewis Atterbury.= N. J., 1844- ----. A physician of New York city, professor of surgery in the University of the City of New York. Manual of Operative Surgery; Practical Treatise on Fractures; Treatise on Dislocations.

=Stith, William.= Va., 1689-1785. An Episcopal clergyman of Virginia, president of William and Mary College, 1752-55. He wrote a History of Virginia, which though diffuse is not without interest and dignity of style. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Stockton, Francis Richard.= Pa., 1834-1902. A widely popular humorist and novel-writer who first attracted general notice by his now famous Rudder Grange, a thoroughly original piece of humour. In the same vein are, The Rudder Grangers Abroad, and Other Stories; Pomona’s Travels; The Casting Away of Mrs. Leeks and Mrs. Aleshine. His other works, which all display original inventive humour, are, Tales Out of School; The Ting-a-Ling Stories; Roundabout Rambles; What Might Have Been Expected; A Jolly Fellowship; The Floating Prince; The Story of Viteau; The Late Mrs. Null; The Lady or the Tiger?, his most celebrated work; The Christmas Wreck, and Other Stories; The Hundredth Man; The Bee Man of Orn; The Dusantes; Amos Kilbright; Ardis Claverden; The Great War Syndicate; The Stories of the Three Burglars; The Merry Chanter; The House of Martha; Kobel Land; The Clocks of Rondaine; The Watchmaker’s Wife; The Adventures of Captain Horn; A Chosen Few; Personally Conducted; A Story-Teller’s Pack, a volume of short stories; Stories of New Jersey; Captain Chap, or the Rolling Stones. See Vedder’s American Writers. Am. Cent. Do. Hou. Lip. Scr.

=Stockton, Thomas Hewlings.= N. J., 1808-1868. Half brother of F. R. Stockton, supra. A Methodist preacher of Baltimore and Philadelphia, chaplain to both houses of Congress successively, and famous for his eloquence. Floating Flowers from a Hidden Brook; Poems; Stand Up for Jesus, and Other Poems; The Book Above All. See Life by Wilson, 1869.

=Stoddard, Amos.= Ct., 1762-1813. Great-grandson of S. Stoddard, infra. A soldier of note in the early days of the Republic. Sketches of Louisiana (1812); The Political Crisis.

=Stoddard, Charles Augustus.= Ms., 1833- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, editor of The Observer from 1885. Across Russia; Spanish Cities; Beyond the Rockies; Cruising Among the Caribbees. Scr.

=Stoddard, Charles Warren.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A lecturer on English literature in the Catholic University of America at Washington. Poems; Mashallah: a Flight into Egypt; South Sea Idyls; Summer Cruising in the South Seas; The Lepers of Molokai. Scr.

=Stoddard, Mrs. Elizabeth Drew [Barstow].= Ms., 1823-1902. Wife of R. H. Stoddard, infra. A novelist and poet whose work in verse and fiction shows much individuality. The Morgesons; Temple House; Two Men; Lolly Dinks’s Doings, a juvenile tale; Poems. Cas. Hou.

=Stoddard, John F----.= N. Y., 1825-1873. An educator of New York State who published a Universal Algebra, and a widely circulated series of arithmetics.

=Stoddard, John Lawson.= Ms., 1850- ----. A popular stereopticon lecturer. Red Letter Days Abroad; Napoleon from Corsica to St. Helena. Hou. Mer.

=Stoddard, Richard Henry.= Ms., 1825-1903. A poet, journalist, and critic of New York city, literary editor of The Mail and Express from 1880. His verse is unequal in merit, but his best work has always won the praise of the discriminating few, though never much heeded by the average reader. He edited the Bric-a-Brac Series and other volumes, while his own writings include, Poems; Adventures in Fairy Land; Footprints; Life of Humboldt; Songs of Summer; The King’s Bell; The Book of the East; Abraham Lincoln: a Horatian Ode; Putnam the Brave; A Century After; Life of Washington Irving; The Lion’s Cub, with Other Verse; Under the Evening Lamp, a collection of essays on literary topics. See Stedman’s Poets of America; Vedder’s American Writers. Scr.

=Stoddard, Solomon.= Ms., 1643-1729. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Northampton, Massachusetts, from 1669 until his death. Appeal to the Learned; Guide to Christ; Safety in the Righteousness of Christ; Doctrine of Instituted Churches Explained, a reply to Increase Mather’s “Order of the Gospel,” and one which occasioned much exciting controversy.

=Stoddard, William Osborn.= N. Y., 1835- ----. A journalist and inventor whose writings have been largely though not entirely for juvenile readers, and have been very popular. Little Smoke; The Windfall; Esau Hardery; Dab Kinzer; Saltillo Boys; Wrecked; Verses of Many Days; The Heart of It; The White Cave, an Australian Story; The Red Mustang; Two Arrows; Among the Lakes; The Quartet; Winter Fun; Men of Business; The Talking Leaves; The Volcano Under the City, a story of the draft riots in New York; Lives of the Presidents; Gid Granger; Chuck Purdy, comprise the greater part of his works. Ap. Cent. Fo. Har. Lo. Mer. Scr. Sto.

=Stoever, Martin Luther.= Pa., 1820-1870. A Pennsylvania educator, a professor in the college at Gettysburg, 1840-70. Brief Sketch of the Lutheran Church in the United States; Life and Times of Henry Muhlenberg.

=Stone, Andrew Leete.= Ct., 1815-1892. A Congregational clergyman in San Francisco from 1866. Service the End of Living; Ashton’s Mothers; Memorial Discourses; Leaves from a Finished Pastorate.

=Stone, David Marvin.= Ct., 1817-1895. Brother of A. L. Stone, supra. A noted journalist of New York city, editor of The Journal of Commerce, 1849-93. He published Frank Forrest (1850), a work that passed into twenty editions.

=Stone, Ebenezer Whitten.= Ms., 1801-1880. An adjutant-general of the Massachusetts militia from 1851. Digest of Massachusetts Militia Laws; Compend of Instructions in Military Tactics; Manual of Percussion Aim.

=Stone, Edwin Martin.= Ms., 1805-1883. A Congregational clergyman of Providence. Life of Elhanan Winchester; History of Beverly, Massachusetts, 1630-1842; The Invasion of Canada in 1775; Our French Alliès in the Revolution.

=Stone, Edwin Winchester.= Ms., 1835-1878. Son of E. M. Stone, supra. A soldier in the Federal army during the Civil War. He was the war correspondent of The Providence Journal, and author of Rhode Island in the Rebellion.

=Stone, James Kent.= Ms., 1840- ----. Son of J. S. Stone, infra. A Roman Catholic clergyman of the order of Passionists, and known as Father Fidelis. He was formerly an Episcopal clergyman and president of Hobart College. The Invitation Heeded, issued in 1870, and giving his reasons for his recent change of faith, was widely read.

=Stone, James Samuel.= E., 1852- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Chicago. Simple Sermons on Simple Subjects; The Heart of Merrie England; Readings in Church History; Woods and Dales of Derbyshire. Co.

=Stone, John Augustus.= Ms., 1801-1834. A dramatist and actor. He is best remembered by Metamora, a play written for Edwin Forrest, for whom he also wrote The Ancient Briton; and Fauntleroy. Other dramas by him are, Tancred; The Demoniac; La Roque.

=Stone, John Seely.= Ms., 1795-1882. An Episcopal clergyman of Cambridge, dean of the Episcopal Theological School there, 1867-72, and prominent among the Low Churchmen of his day. The Living Temple; The Christian Sacraments; Sermons; Memoir of Bishop Griswold; The Christian Sabbath; The Contrast, or the Evangelical and Tractarian Systems Compared. Ran.

=Stone, Thomas Treadwell.= Me., 1801-1895. A Unitarian clergyman of Bolton, Massachusetts. Sermons on War; Sermons; The Rod and Staff; Sketches of Oxford County, Maine.

=Stone, William Leete.= N. Y., 1792-1844. A journalist of prominence in New York city, and the first superintendent of public schools there. History of the Albany Constitutional Convention of 1821; Tales and Sketches; Matthias and his Impostures; Maria Monk and the Nunnery of the Hotel Dieu; Ups and Downs of a Distressed Gentleman, a social satire; Letters on Animal Magnetism; Poetry and History of Wyoming; Lives of Brant, Red Jacket; Letters on Masonry. See Life by his son.

=Stone, William Leete.= N. Y.,1835- ----. Son of W. L. Stone, supra. A lawyer and historical writer of Jersey City. History of New York City; Life of Sir William Johnson; Burgoyne’s Campaigns; Life and Military Journals of General Riedesel; Reminiscences of Saratoga and Ballston; Life of William Leete Stone, supra; Visits to Saratoga Battle Grounds, include his principal publications.

=Storer, David Humphreys.= Me., 1804-1891. A Boston physician, dean of the Harvard Medical School, 1854-1868. Ichthyology and Herpetology of Massachusetts; Synopsis of North American Fishes; History of the Fishes of Massachusetts.

=Storer, Francis Humphreys.= Me., 1832- ----. Son of D. H. Storer, supra. An eminent chemist, professor of agricultural chemistry at Harvard University from 1870, and dean of the Bussey Institute. Alloys of Copper and Zinc; Manufacture of Paraffin Oils; First Outlines of a Dictionary of the Solubilities of Chemical Substances; Manual of Inorganic Chemistry (with C. W. Eliot, supra); Manual of Qualitative Chemical Analysis; Agriculture in Some of its Relations with Chemistry. Scr.

=Storer, Horatio Robinson.= Ms., 1830- ----. Son of D. H. Storer, supra. A surgeon of note. Why Not? a Book for Every Woman; Is It I? a Book for Every Man; Nurses and Nursing; Criminal Abortion (with F. F. Heard, supra). Le. Lit.

=Storey, Moorfield.= Ms., 1845- ----. A Boston lawyer living in Brookline, Massachusetts. Life of Charles Sumner. Hou.

=Stork, Charles Augustus.= Md., 1838-1883. Son of T. Stork, supra. A Lutheran clergyman, professor of theology at Gettysburg, 1881-83. Light on the Pilgrim’s Way. See the Stork Family in the Lutheran Church, 1886.

=Stork, Theophilus.= N. C., 1814-1874. A Lutheran clergyman of Philadelphia. Life of Luther; Luther’s Christmas Tree; Luther and the Bible; Afternoon; Home Scenes in the New Testament; The Unseen World, are his principal works. Lip.

=Storrs, Richard Salter.= Ms., 1821-1900. A distinguished Congregational clergyman of Brooklyn, pastor of the Church of the Pilgrims from 1846. The Constitution of the Human Soul; Historical Addresses; Divine Origin of Christianity; Conditions of Success in Preaching without Notes; John Wycliffe and the First English Bible; Manliness in the Scholar; Love to Christ; Recognition of the Supernatural; Bernard of Clairvaux; Forty Years of Pastoral Life. Do. Ran. Scr.

=Story, Isaac.= Ms., 1774-1803. Cousin of J. Story, infra. A lawyer and verse-writer of Castine, Maine. An Epistle from Tarico to Inkle; Consolatory Odes; A Parnassian Shop.

=Story, Joseph.= Ms., 1779-1845. A jurist of eminence, Dane professor of law at Harvard University, 1829-45. His earliest work was The Power of Solitude, with Fugitive Poems, a somewhat callow performance; and his first legal production, which appeared in 1805, was a Selection of Pleadings in Civil Actions. His subsequent works include, Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States; The Conflict of Laws, his most able effort; Equity Jurisprudence; The Law of Agency; Law of Bailments; Equity Pleadings; Law of Partnership; Law of Promissory Notes; Miscellaneous Writings. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Life by W. W. Story; Biographical Encyclopædia of Massachusetts. Har. Lit.

=Story, William Wetmore.= Ms., 1819-1895. Son of J. Story, supra. A poet, sculptor, and essayist. He studied law and practised at the bar in Boston for a short time, but after 1848 lived in Rome and became widely known as a sculptor. His prose writings include, The Law of Contracts; The Law of Sales; Life of Joseph Story; Proportions of the Human Figure; Roba di Roma; The American Question; Fiammetta, a novel; Conversations in a Studio; Excursions in Art and Letters. The Castle of St. Angelo; A Roman Lawyer in Jerusalem; Nero, an Historical Play; and a two-volume edition of Poems, comprise his verse. He and She: a Poet’s Portfolio; and A Poet’s Portfolio: Later Readings, contain both poetry and prose. See Appletons’ Annual Cyclopædia, 1895. Hou. Lip. Lit.

=Stow, Baron.= N. H., 1801-1869. A Baptist clergyman of Boston, of much prominence in his day, among whose writings are, Helen’s Pilgrimage; History of the English Baptist Mission to India; Christian Brotherhood; First Things. See Life by Neale, 1870; Memoir of by J. C. Stockbridge, 1895.

=Stowe, Calvin Ellis.= Ms., 1802-1886. A Congregational clergyman and educator who held successive professorships at Dartmouth College, Lane Seminary, Bowdoin College, and Andover Seminary. While at Lane Seminary he married his second wife, Harriet Beecher, the daughter of Lyman Beecher, supra. Origin and History of the Books of the Bible; Elementary Instruction in Europe; Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews; Introduction to Biblical Criticism.

=Stowe, Mrs. Harriet Elizabeth [Beecher].= Ct., 1811-1896. Wife of C. E. Stowe, supra, and daughter of Lyman Beecher, supra. In 1836 she was married to Professor Stowe at Cincinnati, and, in frequent visits to the slave States at that period, acquired a knowledge of Southern customs. In 1850 she removed to Brunswick, Maine, and, having by this time become deeply impressed with the wrong of slavery, she wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin for The National Era at Washington, in which paper it appeared serially from June, 1851, till April, 1852. It was then published in book form and speedily became world-famous, five hundred thousand copies being sold in America within five years, while translations of it appeared in twenty languages. As a moral agent few books have been of so much importance. From a literary point of view there is less to be said of it; and The Minister’s Wooing, a novel of the early days of the republic, must rank as her finest work. The quality of her other work is uneven, its highest level being represented by Oldtown Folks; The Pearl of Orr’s Island; Dred; The Chimney Corner; Religious Poems, among which is the well-known hymn, “Still, still with Thee.” Her lesser works comprise, My Wife and I; Sam Lawson’s Fireside Stories; We and Our Neighbors; Little Foxes; The Mayflower, and Other Sketches; Sunny Memories of Foreign Lands; Our Charley; Agnes of Sorrento, an Italian novel; House and Home Papers; Stories about Our Dogs; Queer Little People; Daisy’s First Winter; Men of Our Times, biographical sketches; The American Woman’s Home (with Catherine Beecher); Little Pussy Willow; Pink and White Tyranny; Palmetto Leaves; Betty’s Bright Idea; Footsteps of the Master; Bible Heroines; Poganuc People; A Dog’s Mission. See Life of, by her Son; Atlantic Monthly, July, 1882, August and September, 1896; The Century Magazine, September, 1896; New England Magazine, September, 1896; The Forum, August, 1896; The Outlook, July 25, 1896; Life of, by Mrs. Fields, supra. Fo. Hou.

=Stowell, Charles Henry.= N. Y., 1850- ----. A microscopist, professor of histology in the University of Michigan. Students’ Manual of Microscopy; Physiology and Hygiene; The Microscopical Structure of the Human Tooth; A Primer of Health; A Healthy Body; Essentials of Health. Sil.

=Stowell, Mrs. Louisa Maria [Reed].= Mch., 1850- ----. Wife of C. H. Stowell, supra. An instructor in microscopical botany at the University of Michigan for twelve years. Microscopical Structure of Wheat; Microscopic Diagnosis (with C. H. Stowell).

=Strachey, William.= E., c. 1585-16--. The first secretary of the Virginia colony. He was the author of A True Repertory of the Wracke and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates upon and from the Islands of the Bermudas, supposed to have been the inspiration of Shakespeare’s Tempest; Historie of Travaile into Virginia Britannia; For the Colony in Virginia Britannia: Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall, a compilation. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Strahan, Edward.= See Shinn, Earl.

=Stranahan, Mrs. Clara Cornelia [Harrison].= Ms., 183- - ----. An art writer of Brooklyn. A History of French Painting from its Earliest to its Latest Practice. Scr.

=Straus, Oscar Solomon.= Bv., 1850- ----. A municipal reformer of New York city, minister to Turkey in 1887. The Origin of Republican Government in the United States; Roger Williams, the Pioneer of Religious Liberty. Cent. Put.

=Street, Alfred Billings.= N. Y., 1811-1882. A verse-writer of Albany, and State librarian of New York from 1848. His verse is chiefly nature poetry and was popular for a time. His writings include, Frontenac; Woods and Waters; Forest Pictures; The Burning of Schenectady, and Other Poems; Drawings and Tintings; Fugitive Poems; Digest of Taxation in the United States. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Strickland, William.= Pa., 1787-1854. A Philadelphia architect whose chief professional work was the Capitol at Nashville, Tennessee. Triangulation of the Entrance into Delaware Bay; Report on Canals and Railways; Public Works of the United States (with Gill and Campbell).

=Strickland, William Peter.= Pa., 1809-1884. A Methodist clergyman, pastor of a Presbyterian church at Bridgehampton, Long Island, 1865-77, whose principal writings comprise, Pioneers of the West; History of the American Bible Society; The Genius of Methodism; Light of the Temple; Old Mackinaw, or the Fortress of the Lakes; Christianity Demonstrated by Facts; The Astrologer of Chaldea, or the Life of Faith. Meth.

=Strohm, Gertrude.= O., 1843- ----. A writer living near Dayton, Ohio. Word Pictures; Universal Cookery Book; Flower Idyls; The Young Scholar’s Companion.

=Strong, Augustus Hopkins.= N. Y., 1836- ----. A Baptist clergyman of Rochester, New York, president of Rochester Theological Seminary from 1872. Systematic Theology; Philosophy and Religion.

=Strong, George Crockett.= Vt., 1832-1863. A general in the Federal army during the Civil War who fell in the assault on Fort Wagner. Cadet Life at West Point.

=Strong, James.= N. Y., 1822-1894. A Methodist clergyman and educator of eminence, professor in Drew Seminary at Madison, New Jersey, from 1868. With T. McClintock, supra, he edited a Biblical Encyclopædia, continuing the work alone after 1870. His other writings include, English Harmony of the Gospels; Greek Harmony of the Gospels; Irenics; The Tabernacle of Israel; Sacred Idyls; Future Life; Jewish Life; Our Lord’s Life; Commentary on Ecclesiastes; Concordance of the Bible. Meth.

=Strong, Josiah.= Il., 1847- ----. A Congregational clergyman, general agent of the Evangelical Alliance in America after 1886. Our Country; The New Era of the Coming Kingdom.

=Strong, Latham Cornell.= N. Y., 1845-1879. A journalist and verse-writer of Troy, New York. Castle Windows; Pots of Gold; Poke o’ Moonshine; Midsummer Dreams.

=Strong, Nathan.= Ct., 1748-1816. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford. Sermons; The Doctrine of Eternal Misery Consistent with the Infinite Benevolence of God.

=Strong, Theodore.= Ms., 1790-1869. A professor of mathematics at Rutgers College, 1827-63. Treatise on Elementary Algebra; On Differential and Integral Calculus.

=Strong, Titus.= Ms., 1787-1855. An Episcopal clergyman of Greenfield, Massachusetts. Tears of Columbia, a Political Poem; Candid Examination of the Episcopal Church; The Deerfield Captive; The Young Scholar’s Manual.

=Strother= [strŭth´e̯r], =David Hunter.= “Porte Crayon.” Va., 1816-1888. An artist of Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, once popular as a magazinist. During the Civil War he was a colonel in the Union army, and in 1865 he was brevetted brigadier-general. The Blackwater Chronicle; Virginia Illustrated. See Hart’s American Literature.

=Stroud, George McDowell.= Pa., 1795-1875. A Philadelphia jurist who published Sketch of Laws Relating to Slavery in the Several States.

=Stryker, Melanchthon Woolsey.= N. Y., 1851- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, president of Hamilton College from 1892. Beside several hymnals, he has published Miriam, and Other Verse; Hamilton, Lincoln, and Other Addresses; The Letter of James the Just. Gi.

=Stuart, Charles Beebe.= N. H., 1814-1881. A military engineer in government service. Naval Dry Docks of the United States; Water Works of the United States; Civil and Military Engineers of the United States.

=Stuart, Moses.= Ct., 1780-1852. A Congregational clergyman and educator of Massachusetts, professor of sacred literature at Andover Seminary, 1809-1848. Among his writings are, Commentaries on the Epistles to the Romans and the Hebrews; Hints on the Prophecies; Conscience and the Constitution; Critical History and Defence of the Old Testament Canon.

=Stuart, Mrs. Ruth McEnery.= La., 1856- ----. A Golden Wedding, and Other Tales; Carlotta’s Intended, and Other Stories; The Story of Babette; Sonny; Solomon Crow’s Christmas Pockets. Cent. Har.

=Stuckenberg, John Henry Wilburn.= G., 1835-1903. A Lutheran clergyman, professor of theology at Wittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio, 1873-80, and minister in charge of the American chapel at Berlin from 1880. Christian Sociology; Life of Kant; Introduction to the Study of Philosophy.

=Sturges, Mrs. Mary Jane [Upshur] [Stith].= Va., 1828- ----. A writer of New York city. Confederate Notes, a novel; Poems.

=Sturgis, Frederick Russell.= Ph., 1844- ----. A prominent physician and surgeon of New York city. Human Cestoids; Students’ Manual of Venereal Diseases.

=Sturgis, Russell.= Md., 1836- ----. An architect of New York city, a valued authority upon art, architecture, and archæology. European Architecture. Mac.

=Sturtevant, Julian Monson.= Ct., 1805-1886. A prominent educator of Jacksonville, Illinois, professor in Illinois College, 1830-86. Economics, or the Science of Wealth; Keys of Sect. Le. Put.

=Sullivan, James.= Me., 1744-1808. An eminent Boston jurist who was governor of Massachusetts, 1807-08. History of Land Titles of Massachusetts; Observations on the Government of the United States; The Path to Riches, or a Dissertation on Banks; The Altar of Baal Thrown Down, or the French Nation Defended; Impartial Review of Causes of the French Revolution. See Life by Amory, 1859.

=Sullivan, James William.= Pa., 1848- ----. A journalist of New York city, editor of social reform journals, 1893-96. Tenement Tales of New York; So the World Goes; Direct Legislation through the Initiative and Referendum, a widely circulated work. Ho.

=Sullivan, Mrs. Margaret Frances [Buchanan].= I., 1847-1903. A journalist of Chicago. Ireland of To-Day (1881).

=Sullivan, Thomas Russell.= Ms., 1799-1862. Grandson of J. Sullivan, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Keene, New Hampshire, 1825-35, and from 1835 till his death an educator in Boston. Letters Against the Immediate Abolition of Slavery; Limits of Responsibility in Reforms.

=Sullivan, Thomas Russell.= Ms., 1849- ----. A novelist of Boston. Tom Sylvester; Roses of Shadow; Day and Night Stories; and several plays. Scr.

=Sullivan, William.= Me., 1774-1839. Son of J. Sullivan, supra. A lawyer of Boston. Familiar Letters on Public Men of the Revolution; Historical Causes and Effects; Sea Life.

=Sullivant, William Starling.= O., 1803-1873. A botanist of Ohio. Musci Alleghanienses; Musci Cubenses; Icones Muscorum; Musci and Hepaticæ of the United States East of the Mississippi.

=Sully, Thomas.= E., 1783-1872. A distinguished portrait painter of Philadelphia. Hints to Young Painters.

=Summerfield, John.= E., 1798-1825. A Methodist clergyman, renowned for eloquence in his day. His Sermons and Sketches of Sermons were posthumously published. See Lives by Holland, 1829, Willett, 1857. Har.

=Summers, Thomas Osmond.= E., 1812-1882. A Methodist clergyman of Nashville. Commentary on the Gospels, Acts, and Ritual of the Methodist Church South; Treatise on Baptism; On Holiness; Talks Pleasant and Profitable, include his principal writings. See Life of, by Fitzgerald, 1884.

=Sumner, Charles.= Ms., 1811-1874. Son of C. P. Sumner, infra. A distinguished Massachusetts statesman who succeeded Daniel Webster in 1851 in the Senate of the United States. He was a fearless opponent of slavery, and, in consequence of this attitude of his, was assaulted in the Senate Chamber by Preston Brooks, of South Carolina, in 1856, and severely injured. The True Grandeur of Nations; Prophetic Voices Concerning America. His Complete Works, including his many orations and speeches, have been issued in fifteen volumes. See Lives by Pierce, Storey. Le.

=Sumner, Charles Allen.= Ms., 1835- ----. A stenographer of San Francisco. Shorthand and Reporting; Golden Gate Sketches; Travel in Southern Europe; Poems (with R. Sumner).

=Sumner, Charles Pinckney.= Ms., 1766-1839. A lawyer of Boston, high sheriff of Suffolk County from 1825 till his death. Eulogy on Washington; The Compass (verse); Letters on Speculative Masonry.

=Sumner, George.= Ct., 1793-1855. A Hartford physician, professor of botany at Trinity College, 1824-55. Compendium of Physiological and Systematic Botany.

=Sumner, William Graham.= N. J., 1840- ----. An Episcopal clergyman, prominent as a political economist, professor of political and social science at Yale University from 1872. A History of American Currency; What Social Classes Owe to Each Other; Problems in Political Economy; Collected Essays in Political and Social Science; Protectionism; Lives of Andrew Jackson, Alexander Hamilton, Robert Morris; The Financier and the Finances of the Revolution, a more extended life of Robert Morris. Do. Har. Ho. Hou.

=Sunderland, Jabez Thomas.= E., 1842- ----. A Unitarian clergyman, editor of The Unitarian from 1880. A Rational Faith; What is the Bible?; The Liberal Christian Ministry; Home Travel in Bible Lands; The Bible: its Origin and Place among the Sacred Books of the World; Orthodoxy and Revivalism. El. Put.

=Sunderland, La Roy.= R. I., 1802-1885. A writer who in early life was a zealous Methodist preacher, and after 1845 an equally zealous opponent of Christianity, slavery, Spiritualism, and Mormonism. Among his writings are, History of South America; Book of Human Nature; Book of Psychology; The Trance, and How Introduced; Anti-Slavery Manual; Mormonism Exposed.

=Suplée= [su-play´], =Thomas Danly.= Pa., 1848- ----. An educator of New Jersey. Frank Muller, or Labor and its Fruits; Pebbles from the Fountain of Castalia; Poems; Plain Talks; Riverside, a romance; Civil Government under the United States Constitution.

=Suydam, John Howard.= N. Y., 1832- ----. A Dutch Reformed clergyman of Jersey City from 1869. The Cruger Family; Cruel Jim; The Wreckmaster.

=Swain, David Lowry.= N. C., 1801-1868. A governor of North Carolina, 1832-35, who wrote a Revolutionary History of North Carolina.

=Swain, James Barrett.= N. Y., 1820-1895. A journalist of New York city, post-office inspector, 1881-85. Life and Speeches of Henry Clay; Historical Notes to Speeches of Henry Clay; A Military History of New York State.

=Swan, James.= S., 1754-1831. A soldier in the American army during the Revolution, afterwards adjutant-general of Massachusetts. The last fifteen years of his life were passed in a debtors’ prison in Paris. Dissuasion to Great Britain and the Colonies from the Slave Trade to Africa (1772); Causes qui sont opposées au Progrès du commerce entre la France et les États-Unis de l’Amérique (1790); On the Fisheries; Fisheries of Massachusetts; National Arithmetick; Address on Agriculture, Manufactures, and Commerce.

=Swan, Josiah Rockwell.= N. Y., 1802-1884. A prominent jurist of Columbus, Ohio. Treatise on Justices of the Peace and Constables in Ohio; Manual for Executors and Administrators; Pleading and Practice; Commentaries on Pleadings under the Ohio Code, constitute his principal writings.

=Swan, William Draper.= Ms., 1809-1864. An educator and bookseller of Boston. He published a popular series of school readers, and (with R. Swan and D. Leach) a series of widely used arithmetics.

=Swank, James Moore.= Pa., 1832- ----. The general manager of the American Iron and Steel Association since 1885. History of the Department of Agriculture; Iron Making and Coal Mining in Pennsylvania; Iron Manufacture in All Ages.

=Swartz, Joel.= Va., 1827- ----. A Lutheran clergyman, pastor at Gettysburg from 1881. Dreamings of the Waking, with Other Poems; Lyra Lutherana.

=Sweat, Mrs. Margaret Jane [Muzzey].= Me., 1823- ----. Ethel’s Love Life; Highways of Travel, or a Summer in Europe.

=Sweet, Alexander Edwin.= N. B., 1841-1901. A Texas journalist who served in the Confederate army. Three Dozen Good Stories from Texas Siftings.

=Sweet, Homer De Lois.= N. Y., 1826- ----. A civil engineer of Syracuse. The Averys of Groton, a genealogy; Twilight Hours in the Adirondacks.

=Sweetser, Charles Humphreys.= Ms., 1841-1871. A journalist of New York city and subsequently of Chicago. Songs of Amherst; History of Amherst College; Tourist’s and Invalid’s Guide to the Northwest.

=Sweetser, Moses Foster.= Ms., 1848-1897. A Boston writer who has published Europe for Two Dollars a Day; Artist Biographies; Summer Days Down East; guide-books to New England, the Middle States, the White Mountains, and the Maritime Provinces; In Distance and in Dream, a story. Hou. Kt.

=Sweetser, William.= Ms., 1797-1875. A physician who was professor of medicine at Bowdoin College, 1845-61. Treatise on Consumption; Digestion and its Disorders; Mental Hygiene; Human Life.

=Swenson, Carl Aaron.= Pa., 1857-1904. A Lutheran clergyman, founder and president of Bethany College in Lindsborg, Kansas, editor of several Swedish journals, and author of Sondagsskolboken; Minnen från Kyrkan; Vid Hemmets Härd.

=Swett, John Appleton.= Ms., 1808-1854. A physician of New York city. Diseases of the Chest. Ap.

=Swett, Josiah.= N. H., 1814-1890. An Episcopal clergyman long prominent in Vermont. English Grammar; Pastoral Visiting; Family Prayer; The Firmament in the Midst of the Waters.

=Swett, Samuel.= Ms., 1782-1866. A once prominent citizen of Boston who during the War of 1812 served in the American army as a topographical engineer. History and Topographical Sketch of Bunker Hill Battle; Who was Commander at Bunker Hill?; Sketches of Distinguished Men of Newbury and Newburyport.

=Swett, Sophia Miriam.= Me., 186- - ----. A writer of short stories and juvenile books, now (1897) living at Arlington, Massachusetts. Pennyroyal and Mint; The Lollipops’ Vacation; Captain Polly; Flying Hill Farm; The Mate of the Mary Ann; Cap’n Thistletop; The Ponkaty Branch Road. Est. Har. Lo. We.

=Swett, Susan Hartley.= Me., 186- - ----. Sister of S. M. Swett, supra. A writer of Arlington, Massachusetts. Field Clover and Beach Grass, a volume of short stories. Est.

=Swett, William.= N. H., 1825-1884. A deaf-mute who founded the Deaf-Mute Industrial School at Beverly, Massachusetts. Adventures of a Deaf-Mute, in the White Mountains.

=Swift, John Lindsay.= Ms., 1828-1895. A Boston lawyer and journalist, deputy collector of the port of Boston from 1890. About Grant. Le.

=Swift, Zephaniah.= Ms., 1759-1823. A noted Connecticut jurist. System of the Laws of Connecticut; Digest of the Laws of Evidence; Digest of the Laws of Connecticut, a standard authority.

=Swinburne, Louis Judson.= N. Y., 1855-1887. A Colorado writer who was in Paris during the siege in 1871, and published a volume of observations on the subject entitled Paris Sketches.

=Swing, David.= O., 1830-1894. A Presbyterian clergyman of Chicago, tried for heresy in 1874, and acquitted, subsequently pastor of the Central Church there until his death. Sermons; Club Essays; Truths for To-day; Motives of Life; Old Pictures of Life, a collection of essays. Mg. St.

=Swinton, John.= S., 1829-1901. Brother of W. Swinton, infra. A journalist of New York city whose principal work is John Swinton’s Travels.

=Swinton, William.= S., 1833-1892. A journalist and educator, long prominent in New York city. Rambles Among Words; Twelve Decisive Battles of the War; Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac; The “Times’s” Review of McClellan; History of the New York Seventh Regiment; Word Analysis; Bible Word Book; Studies in English Literature. Har. Scr.

=Swisher, Mrs. Bella [French].= Ga., 1837-1894. A writer who resided in Texas from 1877. Struggling up to the Light, a novel; Rocks and Shoals; Florecita, a romance; History of Brown County, Wisconsin; Cassie; Homeless Though at Home; The Story of a Woman’s Love.

=Swisshelm, Mrs. Jane Gray [Cannon].= Pa., 1815-1884. A journalist of Pittsburg, and subsequently of St. Cloud, Minnesota, prominent as an abolitionist. Letters to Country Girls; Half a Century, an autobiography. See Hart’s American Literature. Mg.

=Sylvester, Herbert Milton.= Ms., 1849- ----. A Boston lawyer who has published two volumes of sympathetic nature studies. Prose Pastorals; Homestead Highways. Hou.

=Sylvester, Nathaniel Bartlett.= N. Y., 1825-1894. A lawyer of Troy, New York. Historical Sketches of Northern New York; History of the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts; Indian Legends of Saratoga; Historical Narratives of the Upper Hudson; Histories of Saratoga, Rensselaer, and Ulster Counties, New York.

=Symmes, John Cleves.= N. J., 1780-1829. A soldier of Newport, Kentucky. He was the author of The Theory of Concentric Spheres, an attempt to prove that the earth is hollow, open at the poles, and habitable in the interior. See Harper’s Magazine, October, 1882; Atlantic Monthly, April, 1873; McBride’s Pioneer Biography.

=Sypher, Josiah Rinehart.= Pa., 1832- ----. A journalist and lawyer of Philadelphia, war correspondent of The New York Tribune, 1862-65. History of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps; School History of Pennsylvania; The Art of Teaching School; School History of New Jersey (with E. A. Apgar). Lip.

=Szabad, Emeric.= Hy., c. 1822- ----. A soldier under Garibaldi who came to America in 1861, and served in the Federal army. Hungary Past and Present; State Policy of Modern Europe; Modern War: its Theory and Practice.

T

=Tabb, John Banister.= Md., 1845- ----. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator, professor of English literature in St. Charles’s College, Ellicott City, Maryland. His verse has received much well merited praise. Poems; Lyrics; An Octave to Mary. Cop.

=Tafel, Johann Friedrich Leonhard.= Wg., 1800- ----. A German educator who removed to the United States in 1853, and lived in St. Louis. Staat und Christenthum; Der Christ und der Atheist; A German-English and English-German Pocket Dictionary (with his son Ludwig Tafel).

=Tafel, Rudolph Leonhard.= Wg., 1831- ----. Son of J. F. L. Tafel, supra. Formerly an educator of St. Louis, but since 1868 a Swedenborgian minister in London, England. Emanuel Swedenborg as Philosopher and Man; Our Heavenward Journey; Authority in the New Church; The Preaching Gift; Investigation as to the Laws of English Pronunciation and Prosody.

=Talbot, Charles Remington.= 1851-1891. A writer of juvenile books who was an Episcopal clergyman at Wrentham, Massachusetts. Honor Bright; Miltiades Peterkin Paul; Royal Louise; Romulus and Remus, a dog story; A Midshipman at Large; The Impostor; A Romance of the Revolution. Lo.

=Talbot, Henry Paul.= Ms., 1864- ----. An associate professor of analytical chemistry in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. An Introductory Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Mac.

=Talmage= [tăl-mĭj or tăm-ĭj], =Thomas De Witt.= N. J., 1832-1902. A Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn, 1869-1894, and subsequently of New York, widely known as a preacher. Though he was a prolific writer, the literary worth of his books is very slight. Crumbs Swept Up; Sermons; From Manger to Throne; Sports that Kill; Social Dynamite; The Pathway of Life; The Marriage Ring; Old Wells Dug Out; Every-Day Religion; Sundown; Fishing Too Near Shore, include his principal works. Fu.

=Talvi.= See Robinson, Mrs. Thérèse.

=Tannehill, Wilkins.= Pa., 1787-1858. A journalist of Nashville. Freemasons’ Manual; Sketches of the History of Literature; Sketches of the History of Roman Literature.

=Tanner, Benjamin Tucker.= Pa., 1835- ----. A bishop of the African Methodist Church. Paul vs. Pius Ninth; The Negro’s Origin, and Is the Negro Cursed?; Outline of the History and Government of the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

=Tanner, Henry S----.= N. Y., 1786-1858. A geographer of Philadelphia. Memoir on the Recent Surveys in the United States (1830); View of the Valley of the Mississippi; American Traveller; Central Traveller; New Picture of Philadelphia; Description of Canals and Railways in the United States (1840).

=Tappan, David.= Ms., 1752-1803. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Newbury, Massachusetts, 1774-92, and Hollis professor of divinity at Harvard University from 1792 until his death. Sermons on Important Subjects; Lectures on Jewish Antiquities. See Memoir by Abiel Holmes, supra.

=Tappan, Eli Todd.= O., 1824-1888. A professor of mathematics at Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio, 1875-87, and afterwards Ohio commissioner of common schools. Plane and Solid Geometry; Elements of Geometry; Treatise on Geometry and Trigonometry.

=Tappan, Henry Philip.= N. Y., 1805-1881. A Dutch Reformed clergyman, professor of philosophy in the University of the City of New York, chancellor of the University of Michigan, 1852-1863. Elements of Logic; Treatise on Universal Education; Review of Edwards’s “Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will;” The Doctrine of the Freedom of the Will Determined by an Appeal to Consciousness; The Doctrine of the Freedom of the Will Applied to Moral Agency; A Step from the Old World to the New and Back Again; Introductions to Illustrious Personages of the Nineteenth Century.

=Tappan, Lewis.= Ms., 1788-1873. A merchant of New York city, proprietor of The Journal of Commerce, and active as an abolitionist. Life of Arthur Tappan, by his brother, a valuable contribution to anti-slavery literature.

=Tappan, William Bingham.= Ms., 1794-1849. A verse-writer and educator of Philadelphia and Boston. Poetry of the Heart; Poetry of Life; New England, and Other Poems; Songs of Judah; Lyrics; Sacred and Miscellaneous Poems; The Sunday School, and Other Poems; Early and Late Poems. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America; Duyckinck’s American Literature.

=Tarbell, Frank Bigelow.= Ms., 1853- ----. A professor of Greek in the University of Chicago from 1892. A History of Greek Art; The Philippics of Demosthenes, with Introduction and Notes. Fl. Gi.

=Tarbell, Ida Minerva.= Pa., 1857- ----. Madame Roland; Early Life of Abraham Lincoln (with J. M. Davis). Scr.

=Tarbell, John Adams.= Ms., 1810-1864. A homœopathic physician of Boston. Sources of Health; Homœopathy Simplified.

=Tarbox, Increase Niles.= Ct., 1815-1888. A Congregational clergyman who was secretary of the American College and Education Society, 1851-84. Winnie and Walter Stories; When I was a Boy; Nineveh, or the Buried City; Uncle George’s Stories; Journeys and Labors of St. Paul; Life of General Israel Putnam; Sir Walter Raleigh and His Colony in America; Songs and Hymns for Common Life. Lo.

=Tarr, Ralph Stockman.= Ms., 1864- ----. A geologist, assistant professor of geology at Cornell University, 1892-1897, professor of dynamic geology and physical geography there from 1897. Elementary Geology; Economic Geology of the United States; Elementary Physical Geography. Mac.

=Tatham, William.= E., 1752-1819. An engineer and lawyer of Virginia who served in the American army during the Revolution. An Analysis of the State of Virginia; Remarks on Inland Canals; National Irrigation.

=Taussig= [tŏw´sig], =Frank William.= Mo., 1859- ----. A professor of political economy at Harvard University. Protection to Young Industries as Applied in the United States; The History of the Present Tariff, 1860-83; The Tariff History of the United States; The Silver Situation in the United States (1892); Wages and Capital. Ap. Put.

=Taylor, Alfred.= Pa., 1831-1889. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia. Peeps at Our Sunday-Schools; Sunday-School Photographs; Hints about Sunday-School Work. Meth.

=Taylor, Bayard.= See Taylor, [James] Bayard.

=Taylor, Benjamin Franklin.= N. Y., 1819-1887. A popular verse-writer of Chicago whose work is always pleasing, though it never reaches a very high plane of inspiration. Songs of Yesterday; Old Time Pictures, and Sheaves of Rhyme; Dulce Domum; Between the Gates; Summer Savory; The River of Time; Pictures of Life in Camp and Field; Complete Poems (1887); Theophilus Trent, a novel. Ap. Sc.

=Taylor, Charles.= Ms., 1819- ----. A Methodist clergyman who was a missionary to China, 1848-54. Five Years in China; Baptism in a Nutshell.

=Taylor, Charles Fayette.= Vt., 1827-1899. A surgeon of New York city. Theory and Practice of the Movement Cure; Spinal Irritation; Sensation and Pain; Mechanical Treatment of Angular Curvature of the Spine; Treatment of Disease of the Hip Joint; Infantile Paralysis. Lip.

=Taylor, Fitch Waterman.= Ct., 1803-1865. An Episcopal chaplain in the United States navy. The Flag Ship, or a Voyage Around the World; The Broad Pennant, a work of similar nature.

=Taylor, George Boardman.= Va., 1832- ----. A Baptist missionary in Rome since 1873. Oakland Stories; Costar Grew; Roger Bemant, the Pastor’s Son; Walter Ennis, a tale of the Early Virginia Baptists; Life of J. B. Taylor, infra. Bap.

=Taylor, George Henry.= Vt., 1821- ----. Brother of C. F. Taylor, supra. A physician of New York city, among whose writings are, Exposition of the Swedish Movement Cure; Health for Women; Massage; Pelvic and Hernial Therapeutics.

=Taylor, George Lansing.= N. Y., 1835-1903. A Methodist clergyman of eastern New York. Elijah the Reformer, a Ballad Epic; Grant: an Elegy, and Other Poems; What Shall we Do with the Sunday-School?; The New Africa. Fu. Meth.

=Taylor, Hannis.= N. C., 1851- ----. A lawyer of Mobile, minister to Spain, 1893-97. The Origin and Growth of the English Constitution. Hou.

=Taylor, Henry Osborn.= N. Y., 1856- ----. A legal writer of New York city. Treatise on the Law of Private Corporations, a standard work much used as a text-book in law schools; Ancient Ideals. Put.

=Taylor, Hobart Chatfield.= See Chatfield-Taylor.

=Taylor, James Barnett.= E., 1819-1871. A Baptist missionary in Virginia. Life of Lot Cary; Lives of Virginia Baptist Ministers. See Life, by G. B. Taylor, supra. Bap.

=Taylor, [James] Bayard= [bi´ard]. Pa., 1825-1878. An author well known as poet, novelist, translator, and traveller. It was as a poet that he most desired to be remembered, but except in a few instances his verse does not reach a very lofty level of attainment, and, while often excellent in quality, lacks usually the element of spontaneity. His volumes of verse comprise, Ximena, and Other Poems; Rhymes of Travel; Poems and Ballads; Poems of Home and Travel; Poems of the Orient, his most original work; The Picture of St. John; The Poet’s Journal; Lars; The Masque of the Gods; Home Pastorals; Prince Deukalion; The Prophet, a tragedy; Centennial Ode. In fiction he published, Beauty and the Beast; Hannah Thurston; The Story of Kennett; John Godfrey’s Fortune; Joseph and his Friend. His travels include, Views Afoot; Eldorado; Byways of Europe; Central Africa; Egypt and Iceland; Greece and Russia; At Home and Abroad; India, China, and Japan; The Lands of the Saracen; Colorado. The translation of Faust is his greatest work, and the one on which his fame will most securely rest. Other works of his are, School History of Germany; Literary Essays and Notes; Studies in German Literature; The Echo Club, and Other Literary Diversions. See Catholic World, April, 1879; Lippincott’s Magazine, August, 1879; Stedman’s Poets of America; Life and Letters of, by Marie Hansen-Taylor and H. E. Scudder; Life by Smyth; Allibone’s Dictionary. Ap. Hou. My. Put.

=Taylor, James Monroe.= N. Y., 1848- ----. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Vassar College from 1886. Psychology.

=Taylor, James Wickes.= N. Y., 1819-1893. A United States consul at Winnipeg, Manitoba, from 1870. The Victim of Intrigue, a Tale of Burr’s Conspiracy; History of Ohio, First Period: 1620-1787; Manual of Ohio School System; Forest and Fruit Culture in Manitoba; Mineral Resources of the United States (with Browne).

=Taylor, John.= Va., 1750-1824. A politician of prominence in his day as a senator from Virginia. Inquiry into the Principles and Polity of the United States Government; Agricultural Essays; Construction Construed; Tyranny Unmasked; New Views of the United States Constitution.

=Taylor, John Louis.= E., 1769-1829. A former chief justice of North Carolina, 1810-29. Superior Court Cases in Law and Equity; The North Carolina Law Repository; Term Reports; Duties of Executors and Administrators.

=Taylor, John Neilson.= N. J., 1805-1878. A lawyer of Brooklyn. American Law of Landlord and Tenant; The Law of Executors and Administrators in New York State. Lit.

=Taylor, John Orville.= N. Y., 1807-1890. An educational writer and reformer long prominent in New York State, and after 1879 a resident of New Brunswick, New Jersey. The District School, or Popular Education.

=Taylor, Marshall William.= Ky., 1846-1887. A Methodist clergyman of African descent in Kentucky. Handbook for Schools; The Negro in Methodism.

=Taylor, Nathaniel William.= Ct., 1786-1858. A Congregational clergyman prominent in his day as the exponent of the New Haven type of theology, who was Dwight professor at Yale University, 1822-38. Practical Sermons; Moral Government of God; Essays, etc., upon Select Topics in Revealed Theology.

=Taylor, Oliver Alden.= Ms., 1801-1851. A Congregational clergyman of Manchester, Massachusetts. Brief Views of the Saviour; Life of Jesus. See Memoir by A. A. Taylor.

=Taylor, Richard.= La., 1826-1879. A son of President Taylor, and a Confederate officer. Destruction and Reconstruction. Ap.

=Taylor, Richard Cowling.= E., 1789-1851. An English geologist who came to America in 1830, among whose publications are, Geology and Natural History of the Northeast Extremity of the Alleghany Mountains; History and Description of Fossil Fuel; Statistics of Coal. Bai.

=Taylor, Rufus.= Ms., 1811-1894. Brother of O. A. Taylor, supra. A Congregational minister of Massachusetts, whose home was at Beverly, New Jersey, after 1878. Union to Christ; Love to God; Thoughts on Prayer; Cottage Piety Exemplified. Lip.

=Taylor, Samuel Harvey.= N. H., 1807-1871. An educator long prominent in Massachusetts, principal of Phillips Academy, Andover, 1837-71. Method of Classical Study. See Memorial compiled by his last class.

=Taylor, Thomas House.= S. C., 1799-1869. An Episcopal clergyman, prominent in New York city as the rector of Grace Church, 1834-67, and active as a Low Church controversialist. Sermons Preached in Grace Church.

=Taylor, Walter Herron.= Va., 1838- ----. A Confederate officer during the Civil War, and subsequently a banker in Norfolk. The Book of Travels of a Doctor of Physic; Four Years with General Lee. Ap.

=Taylor, William.= Va., 1821-1902. A noted Methodist missionary and evangelist, appointed bishop in Africa in 1884, among whose writings are, California Life Illustrated; Seven Years’ Street Preaching in San Francisco; Pauline Methods of Missionary Work; The Model Preacher; Reconciliation; The Election of Grace; Christian Adventures in South Africa; Our South American Cousins.

=Taylor, William Mackergo.= S., 1829-1895. A Presbyterian clergyman of eminence. He came from Scotland to New York city in 1871, and was pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle, 1871-1893. Contrary Winds; The Limitations of Life; The Lost Found; The Gospel Miracles; Prayer and Business; Life Truths; John Knox; Joseph the Prime Minister; Ruth the Gleaner and Esther the Queen; David, King of Israel; Elijah the Prophet; Peter the Apostle; Daniel the Beloved; Moses the Law-Giver; Paul the Missionary; The Scottish Pulpit from the Reformation, comprise his most important works. Har. Ran. Scr.

=Tefft, Benjamin Franklin.= N. Y., 1813-1885. A Methodist clergyman of Maine. The Shoulder-Knot, a Story of the 17th Century; Memorials of Prison Life; Methodism Successful; Our Political Parties; Evolution and Christianity; Hungary and Kossuth; Life of Daniel Webster. Co. Le.

=Tennent, Gilbert.= I., 1703-1764. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia, active in his day as a controversialist. XXIII Sermons; Discourses on Several Subjects; Sermons on Important Subjects.

=Tenney, Edward Payson.= 1835- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Cambridge, at one time President of Colorado College. Agamenticus; Constance of Acadia, a novel. Le. Rob.

=Tenney, Sanborn.= N. H., 1827-1877. A naturalist who was professor of natural history at Williams College from 1868. Elements of Zoölogy; Manual of Zoölogy; Geology for Teachers.

=Tenney, Mrs. Sarah [Brownson].= Ms., 1839-1876. Wife of W. J. Tenney, infra, and daughter of O. Brownson, supra. Marion Elwood, or How Girls Live; At Anchor; Life of Demetrius Gallitzin, Prince and Priest.

=Tenney, Mrs. Tabitha [Gilman].= N. H., 1762-1837. The wife of a noted physician of Exeter, New Hampshire. She wrote Female Quixotism, an amusing satirical novel, which was long popular.

=Tenney, William Jewett.= R. I., 1814-1883. A writer who lived at Elizabeth, New Jersey, for many years. He edited Appletons’ Annual Cyclopedia, 1861-82, and wrote a Military and Naval History of the Rebellion.

=Terhune, Albert Payson.= N. J., 1868- ----. Son of Mrs. Terhune, infra. A journalist and author of New York city. Syria from the Saddle, a volume of travels; Columbia Stories, a collection of sketches; The Great Cedarhurst Mystery. Sil.

=Terhune, Mrs. Mary Virginia [Hawes].= “Marion Harland.” Va., 1835- ----. A popular novelist, lecturer, and writer on domestic topics, the wife of a Dutch Reformed clergyman of New York city. Her work in fiction includes, Alone; Moss-Side; Beechdale; Judith; The Hidden Path; Handicapped; Nemesis; At Last; Helen Gardner’s Wedding-Day; Jessamine; With the Best Intentions; True as Steel; Sunnybank; From My Youth Up; My Little Love; A Gallant Fight; The Royal Road; His Great Self; Mr. Wayt’s Wife’s Sister; Marion. Other works of hers are, Eve’s Daughters; Common Sense in the Household, a widely known manual of housewifery; Common Sense in the Nursery; The Cottage Kitchen; The Dinner Year-Book; Breakfast, Luncheon, and Tea; The Story of Mary Washington; Loitering in Pleasant Paths. Cas. Do. Hou. Scr.

=Terry, Adrian Russell.= Ct., 1808-1864. A physician and educator who was for some years professor in Bristol College, Pennsylvania, and author of Travels in the Equatorial Regions of South America in 1832.

=Terry, John Orville.= L. I., 1796-1869. A rural versifier of Orient, Long Island, who published The Poems of J. O. T., consisting of Song, Satire, and Pastoral Descriptions.

=Terry, Milton Spenser.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, since 1884 a professor in Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois. Commentary on Judges, Ruth, and Samuel; Commentary on Kings, Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah; Commentary on Genesis and Exodus; Biblical Hermeneutics; Sibylline Oracles (from the Greek); The Song of Songs; Prophecies of Daniel Expounded; Rambles in the Old World. Meth.

=Teuffel, Mrs. Blanche Willis [Howard] von.= Me., 1847-1898. A novelist who resided in Stuttgart, Germany, from 1875. One Summer; Aulnay Tower; Aunt Serena; Guenn; The Open Door; No Heroes, a Story for Boys; A Fellowe and His Wife (with William Sharp); Seven on the Highway, short stories; One Year Abroad: European Travel Sketches. Hou.

=Thacher, James.= Ms., 1754-1844. A physician of Plymouth, Massachusetts, prominent in his youth as a military surgeon in the battles of the American Revolution. American Medical Biography; History of Plymouth; Essay on Demonology; American New Dispensatory; Observations on Hydrophobia; A Military Journal during the American Revolution, a work of great value; The Management of Bees; American Orchardist; Observations Relating to the Execution of Major André.

=Thacher, John Boyd.= N. Y., 1847- ----. A critical scholar and bibliographer of Albany, mayor of that city in 1897. Charlecote, a drama; The Continent of America, its Discovery and its Baptism; Little Speeches. Do.

=Thacher, Mary Potter.= See Higginson, Mrs. Mary.

=Thacher, Samuel Cooper.= Ms., 1785-1818. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the New South Church, 1811-15. An Apology for Rational and Evangelical Christianity; The Unity of God; Sermons; Evidences Necessary to Establish the Doctrine of the Trinity.

=Thacher, Thomas.= E., 1620-1678. A Puritan clergyman, pastor and physician at Weymouth, Massachusetts, 1644-66, and pastor of the Old South Church in Boston from 1666. He published, in 1677, A Brief Rule to Guide the Common People of New England How to Order Themselves and Theirs in the Small Pocks or Measels, supposed to be the first medical work published in New England. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Thanet, Octave.= See French, Alice.

=Tharin, Robert Seymour Symmes.= Al., 1830- ----. A lawyer of Alabama who was prominent as a Unionist during the Civil War, and has since been employed in the auditor’s office in Washington. Arbitrary Arrests in the South; Letters on the Political Situation.

=Thatcher, Benjamin Bussey.= Me., 1809-1840. A Boston lawyer and littérateur. Indian Biography; Indian Traits; Traits of the Boston Tea Party; Tales of the American Revolution; Memoir of Phillis Wheatley. Har.

=Thatcher, Oliver Joseph.= O., 185- - ----. A Presbyterian clergyman, assistant professor of mediæval and English history in the University of Chicago from 1893. A Sketch of the History of the Apostolic Church; Europe in the Middle Age (with F. Schwill); A Short History of Mediæval Europe. Hou. Scr.

=Thaxter, Adam Wallace.= Ms., 1832-1864. A dramatist of Boston among whose plays are, The Sculptor; Olympia; Mary Tudor; The Painter of Naples. He published, also, The Grotto Nymph.

=Thaxter, Mrs. Celia [Laighton].= N. H., 1835-1894. A poet whose childhood and much of whose later life was spent in the Isles of Shoals. Her verse is distinctly original and is largely the poetry of the shore, such poems as The Sandpiper; Courage; Kittery Church-Yard; The Spaniards’ Graves; The Watch of Boon Island, being characteristic of her work in verse. Her volumes of verse comprise, Drift-Weed; The Cruise of the Mystery; Idyls and Pastorals; Verses; Poems for Children; Poems, Appledore Edition (1896). She wrote, also, An Island Garden; Among the Isles of Shoals. See Letters of; Appletons’ Annual Cyclopedia, 1894. Hou. Lo.

=Thayer, Alexander Wheelock.= Ms., 1817-1897. A writer whose later life was spent abroad, and who was consul at Trieste, 1859-82. His most important work, a Life of Beethoven, the third volume of which was published in Berlin in 1887, has not been printed in English. It was unfinished in 1897. The Hebrews and the Red Sea; Signor Masoni, and Other Papers of the late J. Brown.

=Thayer, Eli.= Ms., 1819-1899. An educator of Worcester, Massachusetts, very prominent in the history of the settlement of Kansas. A History of the Kansas Crusade: its Friends and its Foes. Har.

=Thayer, Mrs. Emma [Homan] [Graves].= N. Y., 1842- ----. A writer and artist of Salida, Colorado. Wild Flowers of Colorado; Wild Flowers of the Pacific Coast; An English American, a novel.

=Thayer, James Bradley.= Ms., 1831-1902. A professor in the Harvard Law School at Cambridge. A Western Journey with Mr. Emerson; Cases on Constitutional Law; A Preliminary Treatise on Evidence at the Common Law.

=Thayer, Joseph Henry.= Ms., 1828-1901. A Congregational clergyman, professor of New Testament criticism and interpretation in the Divinity School of Harvard University from 1884. Books and Their Use; The Change of Attitude Toward the Bible; A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. Har. Hou.

=Thayer, Martin Russell.= Va., 1819- ----. A jurist of Philadelphia. The Duties of Citizenship; The Great Victory: its Cost and Value; The Law as a Progressive Science; On Libraries; Life and Works of Francis Lieber; The Battle of Germantown.

=Thayer, Stephen Henry.= N. H., 1839- ----. A banker of New York city living at Tarrytown, New York, who has published Songs of Sleepy Hollow.

=Thayer, Sylvanus.= Ms., 1785-1872. Cousin of M. R. Thayer, supra. A military engineer of distinction, superintendent of West Point Academy, 1817-1833, and from 1836-68 in charge of the military defences of Boston. Papers on Practical Engineering.

=Thayer, Thomas Baldwin.= Ms., 1812-1882. A Universalist clergyman of Lowell. Over the River; Christianity vs. Infidelity; Historical Doctrine of Endless Punishment; Bible Class Assistant; Theology of Universalism.

=Thayer, William Makepeace.= Ms., 1820-1898. A Congregational clergyman who retired from the ministry, and, living at Franklin, Massachusetts, devoted himself to authorship. His books, which have been extraordinarily popular, are mainly intended for juvenile reading. Among them are, Youths’ History of the Rebellion; The Bobbin Boy; The Pioneer Boy; The Printer Boy; The Poor Boy and the Merchant Prince; Turning Points in Successful Careers; Marvels of the New West; The White House Series; Aim High: Hints for Young Men; Life of Garfield; Men Who Win; Women Who Win. Cr. Wh.

=Thayer, William Roscoe.= Ms., 1859- ----. Formerly an instructor at Harvard University. His writings in verse include, The Confessions of Hermes; Hesper; Poems, New and Old. He has published, also, The Dawn of Italian Independence; The Best Elizabethan Plays. Gi. Hou.

=Thébaud= [tay-bo´], =Augustine J----.= F., 1807-1885. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New York city. The Irish Race in the Past and Present; Louisa Kirkbride, a tale of New York; The Church and the Moral World; The Twit-Twats, a bird allegory.

=Theller, Edward Alexander.= Q., c. 1810-1859. A Canadian physician who, for his activity in the Canadian rebellion of 1837, was imprisoned and sentenced to death. He escaped to the United States, and was subsequently a journalist in California and superintendent of schools in San Francisco. Canada in 1837-38.

=Thieblin, Nicolas Leon.= Iy., 1834-1889. A journalist of London, and, after 1874, of New York city. He was Spanish correspondent of The Herald in the Carlist war. A Little Book About Great Britain; Spain and the Spaniards. Le.

=Thoburn, James Mills.= O., 1836- ----. A Methodist missionary, bishop in India and Malaysia since 1888. Missionary Addresses; My Missionary Apprenticeship in New York; India and Malaysia; Light in the East; The Deaconess and Her Vocation; Christless Nations. Meth.

=Thomas, Abel Charles.= Pa., 1807-1880. A Universalist clergyman of Philadelphia, and for a short time in Lowell, where he established the Lowell Offering, a periodical written by the factory operatives. Allegories and Divers Day Dreams; Centenary of Universalism; Discussions on Universalism; The Christian Helper; Autobiography.

=Thomas, Amos Russell.= N. Y., 1826-1895. A Philadelphia physician, dean of Hahnemann Medical College. Post Mortem Examinations and Morbid Anatomy.

=Thomas, Benjamin Franklin.= Ms., 1813-1878. Grandson of I. Thomas, infra. A jurist of Worcester, Massachusetts. Digest of Laws of Massachusetts in Relation to Powers, Duties, and Liabilities of Towns and Town Officers; Life of Isaiah Thomas, infra.

=Thomas, Cyrus.= Tn., 1825- ----. A noted ethnologist and entomologist in the government service. Actididæ of North America; Noxious and Beneficial Insects of Illinois; Study of the Manuscript Troano; Notes on Certain Maya and Mexican Manuscripts; Aids to the Study of the Maya Chronicles; The Cherokees and Shawnees in Pre-Columbian Times; Catalogue of Prehistoric Works East of the Rocky Mountains; Mound Exploration of the Bureau of Ethnology. Clke.

=Thomas, David.= Pa., 1776-1859. A pomologist and engineer, once prominent in western New York. Travels in the West (1819).

=Thomas, Ebenezer Smith.= Ms., 1780-1844. Nephew of I. Thomas, infra. A Cincinnati journalist who published Reminiscences of the Last Sixty-Five Years (1840); Reminiscences of South Carolina.

=Thomas, Mrs. Edith [Carpenter].= N. H., c. 1864-1901. A writer of Millville, New Jersey. Lorenzo di Medici: an Historical Portrait; Your Money or Your Life, a novel. Put. Scr.

=Thomas, Edith Matilda.= O., 1854- ----. A poet and prose-writer, formerly of Geneva, Ohio, but since 1888 of New York city and its vicinity. The best of her poems are marked by great refinement of expression as well as subtlety of thought. Beside a volume of prose papers, The Round Year, she has published in verse, A New Year’s Masque; A Winter Swallow, with Other Verse; Fair Shadow Land; Lyrics and Sonnets; The Inverted Torch; In Sunshine Land; In the Young World, the two last named being intended for juvenile reading. Hou. Scr.

=Thomas, Frederick William.= R. I., 1811-1864. Son of E. S. Thomas, supra. A journalist, novelist, and educator who was also a Methodist clergyman. The Emigrant, a Poem; The Beechen Tree, and Other Poems; Sketches of Character; Randolph of Roanoke. His novels include, Clinton Bradshaw; East and West; Howard Pinckney.

=Thomas, Isaiah.= Ms., 1749-1831. A noted printer of Worcester, Massachusetts, who was the founder of the American Antiquarian Society at Worcester. He published The Massachusetts Spy till 1801; The New England Almanac; and wrote a valuable History of Printing. See Life of, by B. F. Thomas, supra.

=Thomas, Jesse Burgess.= Il., 1832- ----. A Baptist clergyman, professor in the Theological Seminary at Newton, Massachusetts, from 1887. The Old Bible and the New Science; The Mould of Doctrine; Significance of the Historical Element in Scripture.

=Thomas, John Jacobs.= N. Y., 1810-1895. Son of D. Thomas, supra. An agricultural writer of Albany, long on the editorial staff of The Country Gentleman. He edited Rural Affairs, and was author of The American Fruit Culturist; Farm Implements: their Construction and Use; Farm Implements and Farm Machinery. He was a much-esteemed authority in his department.

=Thomas, Joseph.= N. Y., 1811-1891. Son of D. Thomas, supra. An eminent lexicographer of Philadelphia. A Pronouncing Gazetteer and Dictionary of the World; Gazetteer of the United States; Medical Dictionary; Universal Pronouncing Dictionary of Biography and Mythology; First Book of Etymology; Travels in Egypt and Palestine. Lip.

=Thomas, Lewis Foulke.= Md., 1815-1868. Son of E. S. Thomas, supra. A lawyer and verse-writer of Washington. India, and Other Poems; Cortez the Conqueror, a drama; Osceola, a drama; Rhymes of the Routes.

=Thomas, Martha McCannon.= Md., 1825- ----. Daughter of E. S. Thomas, supra. Life’s Lessons, a Tale; Captain Phil, a story of the Civil War. Ho.

=Thomas, Mary von Erden.= S. C., 1825- ----. Daughter of E. S. Thomas, supra. A computer in the Coast Survey Office at Washington from 1854. Winning the Battle, a novel.

=Thomas, Reuen.= E., 1840- ----. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the Harvard Church at Brookline, Massachusetts, from 1875. Through Death to Life; Divine Sovereignty; Grafenburg People; Leaders of Thought in the Modern Church. Lo.

=Thomas, Robert Baily.= Ms., 1766-1846. Editor for fifty-three years of The Farmer’s Almanack, which he first published in 1793 and which is still issued yearly.

=Thomas, Theodore Gaillard.= S. C., 1832-1903. An eminent physician of New York city who published Diseases of Women; Abortion and its Treatment. Ap.

=Thomes, William Henry.= Me., 1824-1895. A journalist and traveller. Life in the East Indies; A Whaleman’s Adventures; A Slaver’s Adventures; Running the Blockade; The Belle of Australia; On Land and Sea; Lewey and I; Ocean Rovers.

=Thompson, Alexander Ramsey.= N. Y., 1822-1895. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city who published Christianity and Patriotism; Casting Down Imaginations, and was the author of many hymns.

=Thompson, Augustus Charles.= Ct., 1812-1901. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the Eliot Church at Roxbury, Massachusetts, from 1842. Lyra Cœlestis, or Hymns on Heaven; Christian’s Consolation; Songs in the Night; The Mercy Seat; Foreign Missions; Moravian Missions; Future Probation and Foreign Missions; Our Birthdays; Protestant Missions. Cr. Scr.

=Thompson, Benjamin.= See Rumford.

=Thompson, Charles Lemuel.= Pa., 1839- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city. Times of Refreshing: a History of American Revivals; Etchings in Verse. Ran.

=Thompson, Charles Miner.= Vt., 1864- ----. Grandson of D. P. Thompson, infra. A Boston writer on the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. The Nimble Dollar, with Other Stories; Life of Ethan Allen. Hou.

=Thompson, Daniel Greenleaf.= Vt., 1850-1897. Son of D. P. Thompson, infra. A lawyer of New York city. First Book in Latin; A System of Psychology; The Problem of Evil; The Religious Sentiments of the Human Mind; Social Progress; Philosophy of Fiction in Literature; Politics in a Democracy; Woman’s New Opportunity. Lgs.

=Thompson, Daniel Pierce.= Ms., 1795-1868. A lawyer of Montpelier, Vermont, whose semi-historical fictions, though somewhat artless in construction, are vigorously conceived narratives of early life in Vermont, and have been very popular. Gaut Gurley; May Martin; Green Mountain Boys; Locke Amsden; Lucy Hosmer; The Doomed Chief; The Rangers; Tales of the Green Mountains; Centeola, and Other Tales; History of Montpelier. Cr. Le.

=Thompson, Hugh Miller.= I., 1830-1902. The second Protestant Episcopal bishop of Mississippi. Unity and its Restoration; Copy, a collection of essays; Sin and its Penalty; First Principles; The World and the Logos; The World and the Kingdom; The World and the Man; The World and the Wrestlers; Absolution. Wh.

=Thompson, [James] Maurice.= Ind., 1844-1901. A writer of Crawfordsville, Indiana, who was a Confederate soldier during the Civil War, and State geologist of Indiana, 1885-89. His work in fiction includes, A Tallahassee Girl; His Second Campaign; At Love’s Extremes; A Fortnight of Folly; The Ocala Boy; King of Honey Island. Other works are, Hoosier Mosaics, a volume of sketches; The Witchery of Archery; Songs of Fair Weather; Byways and Bird Notes; Sylvan Secrets; The Story of Louisiana; Poems (1892); Lincoln’s Grave, a Poem. Hou. Lo. Scr. St.

=Thompson, John Reuben.= Va., 1823-1873. A journalist and lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, editor of The Southern Literary Messenger, 1847-59, and very popular in the South as a lyrist. See Manly’s Southern Literature.

=Thompson, Joseph Parrish.= Pa., 1819-1879. An eminent Congregational clergyman of New York city, pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle, 1845-71, and from 1872 a resident in Berlin, Germany. The Theology of Christ; Man in Genesis and Geology; Lectures to Young Men; Church and State in the United States; The United States as a Nation; Egypt Past and Present; The Workman: his False Friends and his True Friends; Life of Christ; American Comments on European Questions; Christianity and Emancipation; The Holy Comforter, include his principal works. Ran.

=Thompson, Lewis O----.= N., 1839-1887. A Presbyterian clergyman of Peoria, Illinois. The Presidents and their Administrations; Nothing Lost; How to Conduct Prayer Meetings; The Prayer Meeting and its Improvement; Nineteen Christian Centuries in Outline. Lo.

=Thompson, Maurice.= See Thompson, J. M.

=Thompson, Mortimer.= “Q. K. Philander Doesticks.” 1830-1875. A once popular humourous writer and lecturer. Doesticks: What he Says; Plu-Ri-Bus-Tah, a travesty of “Hiawatha;” The Witches of New York; Nothing to Say; History and Records of the Elephant Club.

=Thompson, Richard Wigginton.= Va., 1809-1900. An Indiana jurist who was secretary of the United States navy, 1877-81. The Papacy and the Civil Power; Footprints of the Jesuits; History of Protective Tariff Laws. Cr. Har. Meth.

=Thompson, Robert Ellis.= I., 1844- ----. A political economist of Philadelphia. He was editor of The Penn Monthly, 1870-80; professor in the University of Pennsylvania, 1870-92; president of the Central High School from 1894. History of the Presbyterian Churches in the United States; Elements of Political Economy; Social Science and National Economy; Hard Times and What to Learn from Them; Protection to Home Industry; De Civitate Dei. Ap. Bai. Gi. Wat.

=Thompson, William Tappan.= O., 1812-1882. A prominent journalist of Savannah, the rough, extravagant humour of whose studies of Georgia life was once popular. Major Jones’s Courtship; Major Jones’s Sketches of Travel; Major Jones’s Characters of Pineville; The Live Indian, a Farce; John’s Alive. See Manly’s Southern Literature. Ap.

=Thompson, Seymour Dwight.= Il., 1842-1904. A lawyer of Saint Louis. On the Liability of Stockholders in Corporations; Charging the Jury; The Law of Carriers of Passengers; The Law of Negligence in Relations not resting in Contract; Liabilities of Directors; Homesteads and Exemptions.

=Thompson, Zadock.= Vt., 1796-1856. An Episcopal clergyman, professor of natural history in the University of Vermont, and State geologist, 1845-48. History of Vermont, Natural, Civil, and Statistical; Gazetteer of Vermont; Geography and Geology of Vermont; Guide to Lake George.

=Thomson, Charles.= I., 1729-1824. A writer of Lower Merion, Pennsylvania, who was secretary of the first Continental Congress. He published Inquiry into the Causes of the Alienation of the Delaware and Shawanese Indians; Synopsis of the Four Evangelists; a noted translation of the Bible, that of the Old Testament being the earliest English version of the Septuagint.

=Thomson, Charles West.= Pa., 1798-1879. An Episcopal clergyman at York, Pennsylvania, 1849-66, who wrote The Limner, in prose; and in verse, The Phantom Barge; The Sylph; Elinor; The Love of Home.

=Thomson, Edward.= E., 1810-1870. A Methodist clergyman, president of Ohio Wesleyan University, 1846-60. Evidences of Revealed Religion; Our Oriental Missions; Educational Essays; Moral and Religious Essays; Biographical Sketches; Letters from Europe; Letters from India. See Life of, by his son. Meth.

=Thomson, Edward William.= Ont., 1849- ----. A civil engineer of Boston who was for some years editor-in-chief of The Toronto Globe. Old Man Savarin, and Other Stories, a striking collection of short stories; Walter Gibbs, a book for boys; and the metrical portions of M. S. Henry’s version of Aucassin and Nicolette. Cop. Cr.

=Thomson, James Bates.= Vt., 1808-1883. An educator of Brooklyn who was a mathematician and conchologist. He published a School Algebra; Arithmetical Analysis, and a popular series of arithmetics.

=Thomson, Samuel.= N. H., 1769-1843. A physician of Boston who originated the Thomsonian school of medicine, so called. Materia Medica and Family Physician; New Guide to Health; Life and Medical Discoveries.

=Thomson, Samuel Harrison.= Ky., 1813-1882. Cousin of W. M. Thomson, infra. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator. The Mosaic Account of the Creation; Geology an Interpreter of Scripture.

=Thomson, William Hanna.= Sa., 1833- ----. Son of W. M. Thomson, infra. A physician of New York city. The Great Argument, or Jesus Christ in the Old Testament; The Parables and Their Home; Materialism and Modern Physiology of the Nervous System. Har. Put.

=Thomson, William McClure.= O., 1806-1894. A Presbyterian missionary in Beyrout, 1833-76, widely known as author of The Land and the Book. He wrote also The Land of Promise. Har.

=Thorburn, Grant.= “Lawrie Todd.” S., 1773-1863. A Scottish nail-maker who came to America in 1794, and subsequently established himself in New York city as a seedsman. He was a noted figure in his day, not only as the hero of Galt’s novel, Lawrie Todd, but because of his eccentricities. Lawrie Todd’s Notes on Virginia; Fifty Years’ Reminiscences of New York; Men and Manners in Great Britain; Hints to Merchants, Married Men, and Bachelors; Forty Years’ Residence in America. See Autobiography.

=Thoreau= [thō´rō], =Henry David.= Ms., 1817-1862. A unique figure in literature, whose fame, circumscribed in his lifetime, has steadily widened since his death. He was all his life a resident of Concord, Massachusetts, devoting himself to the study of nature, and occasionally working at his trade of pencil-making, surveying, or lecturing, for his support. A Week on the Concord and Merrimac Rivers, and Walden were the only works by him which were published in his lifetime. Those since issued include, Excursions; Maine Woods; Cape Cod; A Yankee in Canada. Early Spring in Massachusetts; Summer; Autumn; Winter, are selections from Thoreau’s Journal edited by H. G. O. Blake. Still other works are, Miscellanies; Letters to Various Persons; Familiar Letters; Poems of Nature. See North American Review, October, 1865; Fraser’s Magazine, April, 1866; Memoir by Emerson in Thoreau’s Miscellanies; Thoreau: the Poet Naturalist, by W. E. Channing, 1873; Life and Aims of, by Page, 1877; Encyclopædia Britannica, ninth edition; Harvard Register, April, 1881; Life by Sanborn, 1882; Thoreau: a Glimpse, by S. H. Jones, 1890; Life by Salt, 1890; Atlantic Monthly, December, 1896; Foley’s American Authors, 1897. Hou.

=Thorne, P.= See Smith, Mrs. Mary.

=Thorne, William Henry.= E., 18-- - ----. An aggressive essayist and critic, editor of The Globe Review from 1889. He came to the United States from England in 1855, and after some years spent in the Presbyterian ministry became a Roman Catholic layman. Modern Idols: Studies in Biography and Criticism; Quintets, and Other Verses. Lip.

=Thornton, Jessy Quinn.= W. Va., 1810-1888. An Oregon jurist of note. Oregon and California in 1848; History of the Provisional Government of Oregon; The Gold Mines of California.

=Thornton, John Wingate.= Me., 1818-1878. A Boston lawyer of genealogical tastes. Colonial Schemes of Popham and Gorges; The Landing at Cape Anne; First Records of Anglo-American Civilization; The Pulpit of the American Revolution; Historical Relation of New England to the English Commonwealth, include his principal publications.

=Thornton, William.= W. I., 17-- -1827. A physician and architect of Philadelphia who removed to Washington, where he drew the plans of the first Capitol building, and was at the head of the Patent Office, 1802-27. Cadmus, or the Elements of Written Language.

=Thornton, William.= E., 1846- ----. A physician of Boston. The Origin, Purpose, and Destiny of Man.

=Thornwell, James Henley.= S. C., 1812-1862. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor in the theological seminary at Columbia, South Carolina, prominent alike for his rigid Calvinism and his extreme pro-slavery opinions. Arguments of Romanists Discussed and Refuted; Discourses on Truth; Rights and Duties of Masters; The State of the Country.

=Thorpe, Francis Newton.= Ms., 1857- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia. The Government of the People of the United States; The Story of the Constitution. Meth.

=Thorpe, Kamba.= See Bellamy, Mrs.

=Thorpe, Mrs. Rosa [Hartwick].= Ind., 1850- ----. A verse-writer chiefly known as the author of Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight. Temperance Poems; Ringing Ballads; and several juvenile prose works, including The Year’s Best Days; The Chester Girls; Fred’s Dark Days; The Fenton Family; Minna Bruce. Le.

=Thorpe, Thomas Bangs.= Ms., 1815-1878. An artist and author of New Orleans, 1836-53, and in later life of New York city. Niagara as It Is is his finest painting. His writings include, The Hive of the Bee Hunter; Tom Owen the Bee Hunter; Mysteries of the Backwoods; Our Army of the Rio Grande; Our Army at Monterey; A Voice to America; Scenes in Arkansas; Lynde Weirs, an Autobiography.

=Throop, Montgomery Hunt.= N. Y., 1827-1892. A lawyer of New York city. The Future: a Political Essay; Validity of Verbal Agreements; Annotated Code of Civil Procedure; The New York Justices’ Manual; Digest of Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Decisions; Revised Statutes of the State of New York.

=Thurber, Charles Herbert.= N. Y., 1864- ----. An educator of Chicago, a professor in the University of Chicago from 1895. In and Out of Ithaca; The Higher Schools of Prussia.

=Thurber, George.= R. I., 1821-1890. A botanist who edited The American Agriculturist, 1863-90. He published American Weeds and Useful Plants, a revision of Darlington’s Agricultural Botany.

=Thurston, Robert Henry.= R. I., 1839-1903. An eminent mechanical engineer and inventor, professor in Stevens Technological Institute at Hoboken, 1871-85, and director of Sibley College, Cornell University, from 1885. Friction and Lubrication; Manual of the Steam Engine; Manual of Steam Boilers; Engine and Boiler Trials; History of the Growth of the Steam Engine; Materials of Engineering; Friction and Lost Work; Steam-Boiler Explosions in Theory and Practice; Heat as a Form of Energy; Robert Fulton, his Life and its Results, include his most important works. Ap. Do. Hou. Wil.

=Thwaites, Reuben Gold.= Ms., 1853- ----. An historical writer in Wisconsin, and secretary of the State Historical Society. Historic Waterways: Six Hundred Miles of Canoeing down the Rock, Fox, and Wisconsin Rivers; The Story of Wisconsin; Our Cycling Tour in England; The Colonies, 1492-1750. He is also the editor of the Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents. See Bibliography of Wisconsin. Bur. Le. Lgs. Mg.

=Thwing= [twing], =Charles Franklin.= Me., 1853- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Minneapolis from 1886. American Colleges; The Reading of Books; The Working Church; The Family: an Historical and Social Study (with Mrs. Thwing); The College Woman. Le. Put.

=Thwing, Edward Payson.= Mo., 1830-1893. A Congregational clergyman and professor of vocal culture. The Preacher’s Cabinet; Out-Door Life in Europe; Windows of Character; The King in His Beauty; Ex-Oriente; Drill Book in Vocal Culture. Fu.

=Ticknor, Caleb B----.= Ct., 1805-1840. A homœopathic physician of New York city. Medical Philosophy; Guide to Mothers and Nurses.

=Ticknor, Caroline.= Ms., 18-- - ----. A Boston writer of short stories. A Hypocritical Romance, and Other Stories; Miss Belladonna, a Child of To-day. Kt. Lit.

=Ticknor, Francis Orrery.= Ga., 1822-1874. A physician near Columbus, Georgia. Virginians of the Valleys, and Other Poems, edited by Paul Hayne, supra, appeared in 1879. Lip.

=Ticknor, George.= 1791-1871. A noted Boston historian who was professor of modern languages at Harvard University, 1820-35. A History of Spanish Literature, the fruit of many years’ study and research, is his principal work. It is a recognized authority in its department, but is cold and lifeless in its treatment of the subject. Other works by him are, Life of W. H. Prescott, supra; Life of Lafayette. See London Quarterly Review, October, 1850; Lippincott’s Magazine, May, 1876; Life, Letters, and Journals; Allibone’s Dictionary and Supplement. Foley’s American Authors, 1897. Hou. Lip.

=Tidball, John Caldwell.= W. Va., 1825- ----. A Federal officer during the Civil War who has published a Manual of Heavy Artillery Service.

=Tidball, Mrs. Mary Langdon.= 18-- -1904. Wife of J. C. Tidball, supra. A novelist of Virginia. Barbara’s Vagaries. Har.

=Tidball, Thomas Allen.= Va., 1847- ----. Cousin of J. C. Tidball, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, rector of the Church of the Epiphany. Christ in the New Testament; The Character of Christ its Own Witness; The Holy Spirit as Energizing the Sacrament. Wh.

=Tiedeman, Christopher Gustavus.= S. C., 1857-1903. A legal writer, professor of law in the University of Missouri, 1881-91, and from 1891 professor of constitutional law in the University of the City of New York. The Law of Real Property; Limitations of the Police Power; Commercial Paper; The Unwritten Constitution of the United States; Law of Sales; Law of Municipal Corporations. Put.

=Tiernan, Mrs. Frances [Fisher].= “Christian Reid.” N. C., 18-- - ----. A popular novelist whose writings include, Valerie Aylmer; Mabel Lee; Morton House; A Daughter of Bohemia; Miss Churchill; Bonny Kate; Ebb Tide; Nina’s Atonement, and Other Stories; After Many Days; Heart of Steel; Hearts and Hands; A Question of Honor; A Summer Idyl; A Gentle Belle; Roslyn’s Fortune; A Comedy of Elopement; The Picture of Las Cruces; The Land of the Sun; A Woman of Fortune. Ap.

=Tiernan, Mrs. Mary Spear [Nicholas].= 1836-1891. A Georgia novelist. Homoselle; Suzette; Jack Horner. Ho. Hou.

=Tiffany, Alexander Ralston.= Ont., 1796-1868. A jurist of Palmyra, Michigan, The Justices’ Guide; Criminal Law; Form Book for Michigan Attorneys.

=Tiffany, Charles Comfort.= Md., 1829- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, but prior to 1866 a Congregational clergyman. Expression in Church Architecture; History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States.

=Tiffany, Francis.= Md., 1827- ----. A Unitarian clergyman living in Cambridge, pastor at West Newton, Massachusetts, 1865-82. Life of Dorothea Lynde Dix, supra; Bird Bolts; Life of Charles Francis Barnard; This Goodly Frame, the Earth, a volume of travels in America, Japan, Egypt, Palestine, and Greece. El. Hou.

=Tiffany, Joel.= 18-- - ----. Treatise on Government and Constitutional Law; Man and His Destiny; Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of Appeals of the State of New York; The Book of Forms (with H. Smith); Laws of Trusts and Trustees (with E. Bullard); Treatise on Practice and Pleadings in the Courts of Record (with H. Smith).

=Tiffany, Osmond.= Md., 1823- ----. A custom-house clerk in Baltimore from 1869. The Canton Chinese; Brandon, a Tale of the American Revolution; Life of General Otho Williams.

=Tiffany, Otis Henry.= Md., 1825- ----. A Methodist clergyman of prominence. Pulpit and Platform Addresses and Sermons. Meth.

=Tigert, John James.= Ky., 1856- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator in Nashville. Handbook of Logic; The Preacher Himself; A Voice from the South; Constitutional History of American Episcopal Methodism.

=Tilden, Samuel Jones.= N. Y., 1814-1886. A distinguished lawyer and statesman, governor of New York in 1874, and the Democratic candidate for the presidency in 1876. Writings and Speeches, edited by John Bigelow. See Lives of, by Cook, 1876, J. Bigelow, 1895. Har.

=Tilden, William Phillips.= Ms., 1811-1890. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston. The Work of the Ministry; Buds for the Bridal Wreath. See Autobiography. El. Le.

=Tillett, Wilbur Fisk.= N. C., 1854- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, vice-chancellor of Vanderbilt University, Nashville. 1882-95. Our Hymns and their Authors; Discussions in Theology.

=Tillinghast, Nicholas.= Ms., 1804-1856. A Massachusetts educator, principal of the Normal School at Bridgewater, 1840-53. Elements of Plane Geometry; Prayers for Schools.

=Tillman, Samuel Dyer.= N. Y., 1815-1875. A lawyer who practiced in Seneca Falls, New York, and, removing to New York city in 1850, devoted himself to scientific pursuits, and published a Treatise on Musical Sounds.

=Tillman, Samuel Escue.= Tn., 1847- ----. A soldier and educator, professor of chemistry at West Point from 1880. Elementary Lessons in Heat; Essential Principles of Chemistry.

=Tilton, Benjamin Trowbridge.= R. I., 1868- ----. Brother of W. F. Tilton, infra. A physician of New York city, translator of Die Specielle Chirurgie, in two volumes, and Allgemeine Chirurgie from the German of Tillmanns. Ap.

=Tilton, Theodore.= N. Y., 1835- ----. A journalist and verse-writer who was editor of The New York Independent, 1863-72, and since 1883 has lived in Europe. The American Board and Slavery; The King’s Ring; Sanctum Sanctorum or an Editor’s Proof Sheets; Life of Victoria Woodhull; Tempest-Tossed, a novel; Swabian Stories; The Sexton’s Tale, and Other Poems; Thou and I, a volume of verse.

=Tilton, William Frederic.= Ms., 1867- ----. An historical writer. Die Spanische Armada; The Life of Philip the Second.

=Timayenis, Telemachus Thomas.= A. M., 1853- ----. A writer of New York city of Greek parentage, resident in the United States from 1870. The Modern Greek, its Pronunciation and Relations to Ancient Greek; A History of Greece; Greece in the Times of Homer; Contes Tirés de Shakespeare; Talks with Æsop; In Search of Happiness, a play. Ap. Scr.

=Timrod, Henry.= S. C., 1829-1867. Son of W. H. Timrod, infra. A poet and journalist of Charleston, and, in his last years, of Columbia, South Carolina, whose verse has very real merit. Spring in Carolina is one of his best poems. See Poems (1873), with Memoir by Paul Hayne, supra; Manly’s Southern Literature.

=Timrod, William Henry.= S. C., 1792-1838. A bookbinder of Charleston who published a volume of Lyrics.

=Tincker, Mary Agnes.= Me., 1833- ----. A popular novelist who lived in Italy, 1873-87, and subsequently in Boston. Signor Monaldini’s Niece; The Jewel in the Lotus; Aurora; Two Coronets; By the Tiber; The House of Yorke; A Winged Word; Grapes and Thorns; Six Sunny Months; San Salvador. Hou. Lip. Rob.

=Tinto, Dick.= See Goodrich, F. B.

=Titchener, Edward Bradford.= E., 1867- ----. A professor of psychology at Cornell University from 1892, and Sage professor of psychology there from 1895; the American editor of Mind, and co-editor of The American Journal of Psychology. Beside translating Knelpe’s Outlines of Psychology and other German works, he has published An Outline of Psychology. Mac.

=Titcomb, Sarah Elizabeth.= Ms., 1841-1895. A Boston writer who published Early New England People; Mind-Cure on a Material Basis; Aryan Sun Myths the Origin of Religions.

=Titcomb, Timothy.= See Holland, J. G.

=Todd, Albert.= R. I., 1854- ----. A lieutenant in the United States army who has published The Campaigns of the Rebellion.

=Todd, Charles Burr.= Ct., 1849- ----. A magazinist of Redding, Connecticut. Life and Letters of Joel Barlow, supra; General History of the Burr Family; History of Redding, Connecticut; Story of the City of New York; The Story of the City of Washington. Put.

=Todd, David Peck.= N. Y., 1855- ----. Son of S. E. Todd, infra. A professor of astronomy at Amherst College from 1881. Stars and Telescopes (with W. T. Lynn); Astronomy for Beginners, and many scientific papers. Am. Rob.

=Todd, John.= Vt., 1800-1873. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the First Church in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, 1842-72. Among his many popular works are included, Lectures to Children; Student’s Manual; Truth Made Simple; Hints to Young Men; The Daughter at School; Mountain Gems; Woman’s Rights; Sunset Land; Old-Fashioned Lives; Future Punishment. See Life; Harper’s Magazine, February, 1876. Le. Ran.

=Todd, Lawrie.= See Thorburn, Grant.

=Todd, Mrs. Mabel [Loomis].= Ms., 1858- ----. Wife of D. P. Todd, supra, and daughter of E. J. Loomis, supra. She has edited The Poems and Letters of Emily Dickinson, supra; A Cycle of Sonnets, and is the author of a work on Total Eclipses of the Sun. Rob.

=Todd, Mrs. Marion.= N. Y., 1841- ----. A lawyer and lecturer of Eaton Rapids, Michigan. Railways of Europe and America, or Government Ownership; Protective Tariff Delusion. Ar.

=Todd, Sereno Edwards.= N. Y., 1820-1898. A journalist of New York city, at one period agricultural editor of The Times, and afterward living at Orange, New Jersey. The Apple Culturist; Young Farmer’s Manual; The American Wheat Culturist; Country Homes; Rural Poetry and Country Lyrics. Har.

=Toland, Mrs. Mary B---- M----.= 18-- - ----. Sir Rae; Stella; Iris; Onti Ora; Aegle and the Elf; Eudora; Legend Layamone; Tisáyac of the Yo-Semite; Atlina, the Queen of the Floating Isle. Lip.

=Tomes, Robert.= N. Y., 1817-1882. A physician and littérateur. Panama in 1855; Bourbon Prince; My College Days; Richard the Lion-Hearted; Oliver Cromwell; The Americans in Japan; Battles of America by Sea and Land; The War with the South; The Champagne Country. Har.

=Tomlinson, Everett Titsworth.= N. J., 1859- ----. A Baptist clergyman of Elizabeth, New Jersey, popular as a writer of juvenile tales, among which are, The Search for Andrew Field; The Boy Soldiers of 1812; The Boy Officers of 1812; Three Colonial Boys; Tecumseh’s Young Braves; Three Young Continentals. Hou. Le. We.

=Tompson, Benjamin.= Ms., 1642-1714. A colonial educator, the master of a preparatory school in Cambridge for nearly forty years from 1670, and a satirical verse-writer of some merit. New England’s Crisis, a poem on King Philip’s War. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Tone, William Theobald Wolfe.= I., 1791-1828. A son of Wolfe Tone, the Irish patriot and French general. After serving in the French army he came to America in 1816 and was in the artillery service of the United States for ten years. L’État civil et politique de l’Italie sous la domination des Goths; School of Cavalry, a proposed system for the United States cavalry. He also edited his father’s autobiography.

=Toner, Joseph Meredith.= Pa., 1825-1896. An eminent physician of Washington city, among whose writings are, Abortion in its Medical and Moral Aspects; Maternal Instinct; Medical Men of the Revolution.

=Toppan, Robert Noxon.= Pa., 1836-1901. A lawyer of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Historical Summary of Metallic Money; Biographical Sketches of Old Newbury. Lit.

=Torrey, Bradford.= Ms., 1843- ----. An essayist of Boston, a member of the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. Birds in the Bush; The Foot-Path Way; A Rambler’s Lease; A Florida Sketch-Book; Spring Notes from Tennessee. Hou.

=Torrey, Charles Turner.= Ms., 1813-1846. An anti-slavery reformer who was imprisoned in Baltimore for aiding in the escape of slaves, and died in imprisonment. Memoir of William Saxton; Home, or the Pilgrim’s Faith Reward. See Memoir of the Martyr Torrey, 1847.

=Torrey, John.= N. Y., 1796-1873. A distinguished botanist and physician of New York city, professor in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1827-55, and United States assayer, 1853-73. Catalogue of Plants Growing Spontaneously Within Thirty Miles of New York; Flora of the Northern and Middle States; Flora of New York State.

=Torrey, Joseph.= Ms., 1797-1867. A Congregational clergyman and educator, professor in the University of Vermont, 1827-67. A Theory of Art; translation of Neander’s History of the Christian Religion. Scr.

=Totten, Benjamin J----.= W. I., 1806-1877. A naval officer of New Bedford. Totten’s Naval Text-Book.

=Totten, Charles Adelle Lewis.= Ct., 1851- ----. A military inventor. Strategos, the American War Game; Yale Military Lectures; Nativity: its Facts and Fancies. Ap.

=Totten, Joseph Gilbert.= Ct., 1788-1864. A military engineer of distinction, brevetted major-general in 1864. Essays on Hydraulic and Other Cements.

=Totten, Silas.= N. Y., 1804-1873. An Episcopal clergyman, president of Trinity College, 1837-48. New Introduction to Algebra; The Analogy of Truth.

=Toucey, Sinclair.= Ct., 1818-1887. A publisher of New York city, president of the American News Company, 1864-87. Papers from Over the Water.

=Toulmin, Henry.= E., 1767-1823. A jurist who was the Kentucky secretary of state, 1796-1804, and president of Transylvania University, and subsequently lived in Alabama. A Description of Kentucky; Magistrate’s Assistant; Collection of the Acts of Kentucky; Review of the Criminal Law of Kentucky (with J. Blair); Digest of the Territorial Laws of Alabama.

=Tourgée= [toor-zhay´], =Albion Winegar.= O., 1838- ----. A writer who settled in North Carolina at the close of the Civil War and practised law there, becoming a member of the judiciary. Some of his experiences are related in his novel, A Fool’s Errand, which made a great sensation when first issued. He was subsequently editor of Our Continent, in Philadelphia, and in 1897 became consul at Bordeaux. His other works include, Bricks Without Straw; Figs and Thistles; Hot Plowshares; An Appeal to Cæsar; Black Ice; With Gauge and Swallow; Pactolus Prime; Mervale Eastman; Button’s Inn; An Outing with the Queen of Hearts; Letters to a King; John Eax; A Royal Gentleman; The Mortgage on the Hip-Roof House. Cas. Fo. Lip. Meth. Rob.

=Towle= [tōle], =George Makepeace.= D. C., 1841-1893. A Boston journalist and littérateur. History of Henry V.; Glimpses of History; Modern France; Certain Men of Mark; American Society; Beaconsfield; England and Russia in Asia; England in Egypt; Young People’s History of England; Young People’s History of Ireland; The Nation in a Nutshell; Heroes of History; The Literature of the English Language; Heroes and Martyrs of Invention. Ap. Har. Hou. Le. Rob.

=Towler, John.= E., 1811- ----. An English educator who settled in America in 1850, was a professor in Hobart College, Geneva, New York, 1853-82, and subsequently lived at Orange, New Jersey. Beside publishing a number of works on photography, he wrote Der Kleine Engländer, and was co-editor of Hilpert’s German and English Dictionary.

=Towles, Catherine.= See McCoy, Mrs.

=Town, Ithiel.= Ct., 1784-1844. An architect of New York city who built the State capitols of North Carolina and Indiana. School-House Architecture; Atlantic Steamships; Improvement in Construction of Bridges.

=Town, Salem.= Ms., 1779-1864. A once noted educator of New York and Indiana. System of Speculative Masonry; Analysis of English Derivatives; and, with N. Holbrook, a popular series of readers.

=Towne, Edward Cornelius.= Ms., 1834- ----. A Congregational clergyman of New Haven. The Question of Hell; Electricity and Life.

=Townsend, Calvin.= 18-- - ----. Analysis of the United States Constitution; Compendium of Commercial Law; Analysis of Letter-Writing; Shorter Course in Civil Government. Am.

=Townsend, Charles.= 18-- - ----. Essays on Mind, Matter, Force, etc.; Primordial Principles of the Universe.

=Townsend, Edward Davis.= Ms., 1817-1893. An adjutant-general of the United States army, at the time of his death on the retired list as brigadier-general. He was chief executive officer of the war department in Washington during the Civil War. Catechism of the Bible; Anecdotes of the Civil War in the United States. Ap.

=Townsend, Edward Waterman.= O., 1855- ----. A journalist of New York city whose studies of Bowery life and dialect have been widely popular. Chimmie Fadden, Major Max, and Other Stories; Chimmie Fadden Explains, Major Max Expounds; A Daughter of the Tenements, a novel; Near a Whole City Full, a collection of short dramatic stories. In collaboration he has written several plays, including Chimmie Fadden; A Daughter of the Tenements; The Marquis of Michigan. Ll.

=Townsend, Eliza.= Ms., 1789-1854. A verse-writer of Boston whose collected Poems and Miscellanies appeared in 1856. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America.

=Townsend, George Alfred.= “Gath.” Del., 1841- ----. A journalist of New York city and Chicago famous as a war correspondent, among whose writings are, Washington Outside and Inside; Tales of the Chesapeake; Bohemian Days; Campaigns of a Non-Combatant; The Entailed Hat, a novel; Poems; Life of Garibaldi; The Real Life of Abraham Lincoln; Katy of Catoctin, a National Romance; Mrs. Reynolds and Hamilton. See Hart’s American Literature. Ap. Har.

=Townsend, Howard.= N. Y., 1823-1867. A physician of Albany. The Sunbeam and the Spectroscope; Food and its Digestion; Sinai Bible.

=Townsend, John Kirk.= Pa., 1809-1851. A naturalist of Washington. A Journey to the Columbia River (1839), republished in London as Sporting Adventures in the Rocky Mountains.

=Townsend, Luther Tracy.= Me., 1838- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator of prominence, professor in Boston University, 1873-93, a pastor in Baltimore from 1893. God-Man; Credo; The Fate of Republics; Outlines of Christian Theology; Sword and Garment; The Arena and the Throne; The Intermediate World; Search and Manifestations; The Mosaic Record and Modern Science; Bible Miracles and Modern Thought; Outlines of Theology; The Supernatural Factor in Religious Revivals; Real and Pretended Christianity; The Bible and Other Ancient Literature in the Nineteenth Century; The Chinese Problem; The Intermediate World; The Art of Speech. Ap. Le. Meth.

=Townsend, Mrs. Mary Ashley [Van Voorhees].= “Xariffa.” N. Y., 1832-1901. A popular verse-writer of New Orleans. Xariffa’s Poems; Down the Bayou, and Other Poems; Distaff and Spindle; The Captain’s Story, a Poem; The Brother Clerks. Lip.

=Townsend, Virginia Frances.= Ct., 1836- ----. Kinswoman to L. T. Townsend, supra. A novelist. A Woman’s Word; One Woman’s Two Lovers; Lenox Dare; Protestant Queen of Navarre; Only Girls; Sirs, Only Seventeen; A Boston Girl’s Ambition; Six in All; But a Philistine; That Queer Girl, are a few of her works. Le. Lip. Meth.

=Toy, Crawford Howell.= Va., 1836- ----. A Unitarian clergyman, professor of Hebrew in Harvard University Divinity School. Quotations in the New Testament; History of the Religion of Israel; Judaism and Christianity, the Progress of Thought from the Old Testament to the New. Lit. Scr.

=Tracy, Charles Chapin.= Pa., 1838- ----. A Presbyterian foreign missionary. Letters to Members of Oriental Families; Myra, or a Child’s Story of Missionary Life.

=Tracy, Ira.= Vt., 1806-1875. Brother of J. Tracy, infra. A Congregational missionary in the East Indies, author of Duty to the Heathen.

=Tracy, Joseph.= Vt., 1794-1874. A Congregational clergyman, secretary of the Massachusetts Colonization Society. Three Last Things; The Great Awakening, a History of the Revival of Religion in the Time of Edwards and Whitefield.

=Tracy, Roger Sherman.= Vt., 1841- ----. A physician of New York city. Handbook of Sanitary Information for Householders; Essentials of Anatomy; Physiology and Hygiene; The New Liber Primus. Ap.

=Trafton, Adeline.= Daughter of M. Trafton, infra. See Knox, Mrs.

=Trafton, Mark.= Me., 1810-1901. A Methodist clergyman of prominence in his day, member of Congress, 1855-57. Rambles in Europe; Safe Investment; Baptism: its Subjects and Mode; Scenes in My Life. Meth.

=Train, Elizabeth Phipps.= Ms., 1857- ----. A novelist of Duxbury, Massachusetts. Dr. Lamar; Autobiography of a Professional Beauty; A Social Highwayman; A Marital Liability. Her translations from the French include, The Apostate; The Shadow of Dr. Laroque; Recollections of the Court of the Tuileries. Cr. Lip.

=Train, George Francis.= Ms., 1830-1904. A lecturer of New York city widely known for his eccentricities. An American Merchant in Europe; Young America Abroad; Young America in Wall Street; Spread Eagleism; Union Speeches; Irish Independency, include his chief writings.

=Trall, Russell Thacher.= Ct., 1812-1877. A homœopathic physician of New York city, and subsequently of Florence, New Jersey. The Bath: the History and Uses of, in Health and Disease; Digestion and Dyspepsia; The Mother’s Hygienic Handbook; The Human Voice; Popular Physiology; The True Temperance Platform; Encyclopedia of Hydropathy; Uterine Diseases, include most of his writing.

=Trautwine, John Cresson.= Pa., 1810-1883. A civil engineer of eminence. Method of Calculating Cubic Contents of Excavations and Embankments; Field Practice of Laying out Railroad Curves; Civil Engineer’s Pocket-Book. Wil.

=Treadwell, Daniel.= Ms., 1791-1872. The inventor of the power-press, and Rumford professor at Harvard University, 1834-45. The Relations of Science to the Useful Arts; The Practicability of Constructing Cannon of Great Calibre; Construction of Hooped Cannon.

=Treadwell, Seymour Boughton.= C., 1795-1867. A politician of Jackson, Michigan. American Liberties and American Slavery Politically Illustrated (1838).

=Treat, John Harvey.= N. H., 1839- ----. A business man and writer of Lawrence, Massachusetts. Notes on the Rubric of the Communion Office; Truro Baptisms, 1711-1800; The Catholic Faith; Genealogy of the Treat Family.

=Treat, Mrs. Mary Lua Adelia [Davis] [Allen].= N. Y., 1835- ----. A naturalist of Vineland, New Jersey. Chapters on Ants; Injurious Insects of the Farm and Garden; Home Studies in Nature; My Garden Pets. Am. Ju. Lo.

=Tremain, Henry Edwin.= N. Y., 1840- ----. A lawyer of New York city who was an officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. Sailor’s Creek to Appomattox Court House, or the Last Hours of Sheridan’s Cavalry.

=Trent, William Peterfield.= Va., 1862- ----. A professor of English and history at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, from 1888. English Culture in Virginia; Life of William Gilmore Simms, supra; Southern Statesmen of the Old Régime. See The Bookman, May, 1897. Hou. J. H. U.

=Trescot, William Henry.= S. C., 1822-1898. A lawyer and diplomatist of Washington. Diplomacy of the Revolution; Diplomatic History of the Administrations of Washington and Adams.

=Trott, Nicholas.= E., 1663-1740. A Charleston jurist, very eminent in the Carolinas in his day. Laws of South Carolina (1734); Clavis Linguæ Sanctæ; Laws relating to the Church and Clergy in America.

=Troubat, Francis Joseph.= Pa., 1802-1868. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Practice in Civil Actions in Pennsylvania Supreme Court (with W. Haley); The Law of Limited Partnership in the United States; Treatise on the Law of Partnerships.

=Troubetzkoy, Mrs. Amélie [Rives] [Chanler].= Va., 1863- ----. A novelist whose second husband is a Russian prince. Though her work excited much unfavourable criticism, yet it enjoyed a sudden brief popularity. The Quick or the Dead; A Brother to Dragons; Virginia of Virginia; Barbara Dering; The Witness of the Sun; Athelwold, a tragedy; Herod and Marianne, a drama. Har. Lip.

=Trowbridge, Catherine Maria.= Ct., 1818- ----. A writer of South Manchester, Connecticut, who has made many contributions to juvenile literature, a few among them being, Christian Heroism; Victory at Last; Will and Will Not; Snares and Safeguards; Changing Paths.

=Trowbridge, John.= Ms., 1843- ----. A physicist of note, professor at Harvard University from 1880, Rumford professor of the application of science to the useful arts there from 1888. What is Electricity?; The New Physics; Three Boys on an Electrical Boat; The Electrical Boy. Ap. Hou. Rob.

=Trowbridge, John Townsend.= N. Y., 1827- ----. A popular writer of Arlington, Massachusetts, whose work in verse and prose reaches a high grade of excellence. His novel, Neighbor Jackwood, when first issued in 1857, was a strong moral agent in stimulating anti-slavery sentiment. His other fictions include, Lucy Arlyn; Coupon Bonds, and Other Stories; Farnell’s Folly; Neighbors’ Wives; Martin Merrivale; Cudjo’s Cave; Three Scouts. Among his very many juvenile tales are, The Drummer Boy; The Prize Cup; The Lottery Ticket; The Tide-Mill Stories; The Toby Trafford Series; The Little Master; Jack Hazard Series. His published volumes of verse include, The Vagabonds (his best known poem), and Other Poems; The Emigrant’s Story, and Other Poems; A Home Idyl, and Other Poems; The Lost Earl; The Book of Gold, and Other Poems. At Sea and Midsummer are two of his finest poems. Cent. Co. Har. Hou. Le. Lo.

=Trowbridge, William Petit.= Mch., 1828-1892. An engineer and scientist in charge of the engineering department of the School of Mines, Columbia College, 1877-92. Steam Generator; Heat as a Source of Power; Turbine Wheels; Stationary Steam Engines. Wil.

=True, Charles Kittridge.= Me., 1809-1878. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor at Wesleyan University, 1849-60. Elements of Logic; Shawmut, or the Settlement of Boston; John Winthrop and the Great Colony; Lives of Raleigh, John Knox, John Harvard, Captain John Smith; The Thirty Years’ War; Heroes of Holland. Meth.

=True, John Preston.= Me., 1859- ----. A Boston writer. Their Club and Ours, a popular juvenile tale; Shoulder Arms, a tale of life in a military school. Lo. Meth.

=Truman, Benjamin Cummings.= R. I., 1835- ----. A California writer, military governor of Tennessee during the Civil War. The South During the War; Semi-Tropical California; Occidental Sketches; Winter Resorts of California; From the Crescent City to the Golden Gate; Homes and Happiness in the Golden Gate; The Field of Honor, a history of duelling. Fo.

=Trumbull, Benjamin.= Ct., 1735-1820. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at North Haven, Connecticut, for sixty years. Plea in Vindication of the Connecticut Title to the Contested (Western) Lands; Divine Origin of the Holy Scriptures; General History of the United States (1810); A Complete History of Connecticut, 1630-1764.

=Trumbull, Gurdon.= Ct., 1841-1903. Brother of J. H. Trumbull, infra. An artist and ornithologist who published, American Game Birds, or Names and Portraits of Birds which Interest Gunners, with Descriptions. Har.

=Trumbull, Henry Clay.= Ct., 1830-1903. Brother of J. H. Trumbull, infra. A Congregational clergyman of Philadelphia, editor of The Sunday-School Times. A Model Superintendent; The Threshold Covenant; The Knightly Soldier; Kadesh-Barnea; Teaching and Teachers; The Blood Covenant, a Primitive Rite; The Sunday-School, its Origin, Methods, and Auxiliaries; Children in the Temple; Some Army Sermons; The Worth of an Historic Consciousness; Principles and Practice; Friendship the Master Passion; Studies in Oriental Social Life. Wat.

=Trumbull, James Hammond.= Ct., 1821-1897. A Hartford philologist, an acknowledged authority upon Indian languages. The Composition of Indian Geographical Names; Best Method of Studying the Indian Languages; Indian Names of Places; On the Algonkin Verb; The True Blue-Laws of Connecticut. He had edited The Colonial Records of Connecticut; Roger Williams’s Key to the Languages of North America, and other works.

=Trumbull, John.= Ct., 1750-1831. A noted jurist of Hartford, famous in his day as a satirical poet. With Barlow and others he published The Anarchiad, a series of satirical essays, and he was the author of The Progress of Dulness; but MacFingal, a Hudibrastic poem, the first canto of which appeared in 1775, is his best title to remembrance. It bristles with sharp points of satire, and quite deserved the extensive popularity it for a time enjoyed. See Stedman’s Poets of America; Tyler’s Literary History of the American Revolution.

=Tryon, George Washington.= Pa., 1838-1888. A conchologist of Philadelphia. Land and Fresh-Water Shells of North America; Marine Conchology; Structural and Systematic Conchology; Manual of Conchology.

=Tucker, George.= Ba., 1775-1861. Kinsman of Saint George Tucker, infra. A Virginia lawyer and educator, professor of moral philosophy and political economy in the University of Virginia, 1825-45. Among his writings are included, Life of Jefferson; Political History of the United States; Essays Moral and Philosophical; Theory of Money and Banks; Essays on Subjects of Taste; Principles of Rent, Wages, and Profits; The Valley of the Shenandoah, a novel; A Voyage to the Moon, a satirical romance.

=Tucker, George Fox.= Ms., 1852- ----. A lawyer of New Bedford, Massachusetts. Manual of Wills; Manual of Business Corporations; Manual of the Constitution of Massachusetts, the Interpretation of Statutes, Special Writs, and Motions for New Trials; The Monroe Doctrine; Notes on the United States Revised Statutes (with J. M. Gould); A Quaker Home, a novel; Uncle Calup’s Christmas Dinner; Your Will: how to Make It. Hou. Lit.

=Tucker, Henry Holcombe.= Ga., 1819-1890. A Baptist clergyman and educator of Georgia, editor of The Christian Index, at Atlanta, from 1878. Religious Liberty; The Gospel in Enoch; The Old Theology Restated in Sermons. The Position of Baptism in the Christian System is a noted sermon by him.

=Tucker, Henry Saint George.= Va., 1780-1848. Son of Saint George Tucker, infra. An eminent Virginia lawyer. Lectures on Natural Law and Government; Lectures on Constitutional Law; Commentaries on the Law of Virginia.

=Tucker, Henry Saint George.= Va., 1828-1863. Grandson of Saint George Tucker, infra. A lieutenant-colonel in the Confederate army. Hansford, a Tale of Bacon’s Rebellion; The Southern Cross.

=Tucker, Joshua Thomas.= Ms., 1812-1897. A Congregational clergyman of Boston. The Sinless One, a life of Christ; Christ’s Infant Kingdom.

=Tucker, Mrs. Margaretta [Ames].= “Margaret May.” N. H., 1836- ----. A verse-writer of Boston. For My Friend, a collection of verses; Driftwood, and Other Poems, are among her writings, some of which have been set to music.

=Tucker, Mrs. Mary Eliza.= See Lambert, Mrs.

=Tucker, Nathaniel Beverly.= Va., 1784-1851. Son of Saint George Tucker, infra. A Virginia jurist, professor of law at William and Mary College, 1834-51. The Partisan Leader (1836) is his most noted book. It is a political novel, having for its theme the revolt of the Southern States, and in 1861 it was republished as A Key to the Southern Conspiracy. Other works of his are, George Balcombe, a novel; Principles of Pleading.

=Tucker, Pomeroy.= N. Y., 1802-1870. A Canandaigua journalist who published a work on The Origin of Mormonism.

=Tucker, Saint George.= Ba., 1752-1828. The stepfather of John Randolph the statesman. A Virginia jurist who published Letters on the Alien and Sedition Laws; The Probationary Odes of Jonathan Pindar, a collection of political satires; an annotated Blackstone; but is known to general literature only by the lyric beginning, “Days of my Youth, ye have Glided Away.” See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Tucker, William Jewett.= Ct., 1839- ----. A Congregational clergyman and educator. He was professor in Andover Theological Seminary, 1879-93, and has been president of Dartmouth College from 1893. The New Movement in Humanity. Hou.

=Tuckerman, Arthur Lyman.= N. Y., 1861-1892. Son of C. K. Tuckerman, infra. An architect of New York city, superintendent of the Metropolitan Museum Art Schools in 1888. A Short History of Architecture. Scr.

=Tuckerman, Bayard.= N. Y., 1855- ----. A writer of New York city. History of English Prose Fiction; Life of Lafayette; Life of William Jay, supra; Life of Peter Stuyvesant. Do. Put.

=Tuckerman, Charles Keating.= Ms., 1821-1896. Brother of H. T. Tuckerman, infra. A diplomat who was minister to Greece, 1868-72, and lived in Europe subsequently. The Greeks of To-Day (1872); Poems; Personal Recollections of Notable People. Do.

=Tuckerman, Edward.= Ms., 1817-1886. Nephew of J. Tuckerman, infra. A professor of botany at Amherst College, 1858-86. Genera Lichenum; Synopsis of the North American Lichens; Catalogue of Plants Growing Wild within Thirty Miles of Amherst. See Memoir of, by Farlow.

=Tuckerman, Frederick Goddard.= Ms., 1821-1877. Brother of E. Tuckerman, supra. A lawyer and littérateur of Boston whose only published book was a volume of poems.

=Tuckerman, Henry Theodore.= Ms., 1813-1871. Nephew of J. Tuckerman, infra. A writer once ranked among the first of American essayists, but whose criticisms, though delicate and discriminating, lack the force and originality of many later writers in the same field. Much of his life was spent abroad, largely in Italy, his intimate acquaintance with Italian affairs appearing in his earliest works, The Italian Sketch-Book; Isabel, or Sicily, a Pilgrimage (1839), republished as Sicily and Pilgrimage (1852). His subsequent writings include, Thoughts on the Poets; The Book of the Artists; Essays Biographical and Critical; Artist Life; Rambles and Reveries; Characteristics of Literature; The Criterion; Maga Papers about Paris; Leaves from the Diary of a Dreamer; Life of J. P. Kennedy, supra; America and Her Commentators; The Optimist, a series of essays; A Sheaf of Verse; Poems; Mental Portraits; The Collector, a volume of essays. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Foley’s American Writers.

=Tuckerman, Joseph.= Ms., 1778-1840. A Unitarian clergyman, minister at Chelsea, Massachusetts, 1801-28, long eminent as a philanthropist. Gleams of Truth; Principles and Results of the Ministry at Large in Boston. Elevation of the Poor (1874), is a collection of his most important writings. See Memoir by Mary Carpenter; Allibone’s Dictionary. Rob.

=Tudor, William.= Ms., 1779-1830. A Boston merchant who founded the ice trade with the tropics. Gebel Teir; Life of James Otis, supra; Letters on the Eastern States; Miscellanies.

=Tully, William.= Ct., 1785-1859. A noted New England botanist and physician, medical professor at Yale University, 1829-42. Essays upon Fever (with T. Miner); Materia Medica, or Pharmacology; Therapeutics.

=Tunis, John.= N. Y., 1858-1896. An Episcopal clergyman of Millbrook, New Jersey, but prior to 1892 in the Unitarian ministry. The Faith By Which We Stand.

=Tuomy, Michael.= I., 1808-1857. A professor of geology in the University of Alabama, 1847-57, State geologist of South Carolina from 1844, and of Alabama from 1848. Geological and Agricultural Survey of South Carolina; Report on the Geology of South Carolina; Fossils of South Carolina (with F. Holmes); First and Second Biennial Reports on the Geology of Alabama.

=Tupper, Henry Allen.= S. C., 1828-1902. A Baptist clergyman of Richmond, Virginia. Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention; Truth in Romance. Bap.

=Turchin, John Basil= (Ivan Vasilevitch Turchinoff). R., 1822-1901. A Russian soldier who came to America in 1856, served in the Federal army during the Civil War, and in 1873 established the Polish colony of Radone in Illinois. The Campaign and Battle of Chickamauga.

=Turnbull, Laurence.= S., 1821-1900. An eminent physician of Baltimore. Hints and Observations on Military Hygiene; Imperfect Hearing; Clinical Manual of Diseases of the Ear; Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Anæsthesia; The Electro-Magnetic Telegraph. Lip.

=Turnbull, Robert.= S., 1809-1877. A Baptist clergyman of Hartford, 1845-1869. The Theatre; Olympia Morata; The Genius of Scotland; The Genius of Italy; Pulpit Orators of France and Switzerland; The Student Preacher; Theophany; The World We Live In; Life Pictures; Christ in History.

=Turnbull, Robert James.= Fl., 1775-1833. A lawyer and political writer of Charleston. A Visit to the Philadelphia Penitentiary, much noticed at the time of its appearance in 1797; The Crisis, a work on nullification; The Principle of Dernier Ressort.

=Turnbull, William Paterson.= S., 1830-1871. A Philadelphia ornithologist. Birds of East Lothian; Birds of East Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

=Turner, Mrs. Eliza [Sproat].= Pa., 1826- ----. A verse-writer of Pennsylvania. Out-of-Door Rhymes.

=Turner, Henry McNeal.= S. C., 1833- ----. A bishop of the African Methodist Church, author of a work on Methodist Polity.

=Turner, Samuel Epes.= Md., 1846-1896. A Sketch of the Germanic Constitution from Early Times to the Dissolution of the Empire. Put.

=Turner, Samuel Hulbeart.= Pa., 1790-1861. An Episcopal clergyman, professor in the General Theological Seminary in New York city, 1818-61, best known by his Commentaries on Hebrews, Romans, Ephesians, and Galatians. Other works by him are, Companion to the Book of Genesis; Thoughts on Scripture Prophecy; Comparing Spiritual Things with Spiritual; Biographical Notices of Jewish Rabbis. See Autobiography; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Turner, Thomas Sloss.= Ky., 1860- ----. A Texas journalist and verse-writer. Life’s Brevity, and Other Poems; Heart Melodies; A Dream of Bachelors.

=Tuthill= [tŭt´il], =Cornelia.= Daughter of Mrs. L. Tuthill, infra. See Pierson, Mrs.

=Tuthill, Mrs. Louisa Caroline [Huggins].= Ct., 1798-1879. A once popular writer of moral tales for young people, whose home was at Princeton, New Jersey, from 1849. Among her many publications are, I Will be a Gentleman; I Will be a Lady; Tales for the Young; True Manliness; I Will be a Sailor; I Will be a Soldier; Onward, Right Onward; Romantic Belinda; Ancient Architecture. See Hart’s Female Prose-Writers of America.

=Tuttle, Charles Richard.= N. S. 1850- ----. General History of Michigan; Border Wars of Two Centuries; History of Indiana; History of Canada; History of Wisconsin (with D. Durrie); The Boss Devil of America (verse).

=Tuttle, Mrs. Emma [Rood].= O., 1839- ----. Wife of Hudson Tuttle, infra. A lecturer and verse-writer of Berlin Heights, Ohio. Blossoms of Our Spring; Gazelle; From Soul to Soul, Poems; Stories for Our Children; The Lyceum Guide.

=Tuttle, Herbert.= Vt., 1846-1894. A professor at Cornell University, 1883-1894, occupying the chair of modern European history from 1891. The History of Prussia; German Political Leaders. See Biographical Sketch, by H. B. Adams, supra, in vol. iv. of The History of Prussia. Hou.

=Tuttle, Hudson.= O., 1836- ----. A spiritual medium of Berlin Heights, Ohio. Life in the Spheres; Arcana of Nature; Career of the God Idea; Career of the Christ Idea; Career of Religious Ideas; Origin and Development of Man; Clair, a Tale; Camile, or Love and Labor; Heloise; Love or Religion. Ban.

=Tuttle, Joseph Farrand.= N. J., 1818-1901. A Presbyterian clergyman. Life of William Tuttle; The Way Lost and Found; Annals of Morris County, New Jersey.

=Twain, Mark.= See Clemens.

=Twichell, Joseph Hopkins.= Ct., 1838- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford from 1865. Life of John Winthrop, infra; Some Old Puritan Love Letters (edited). Do.

=Tyler, Bennet.= Ct., 1783-1858. A Congregational clergyman, president of Dartmouth College, 1822-28, and subsequently minister at Portland, Maine. History of New Haven Theology; The Sufferings of Christ; New England Revivals; Lectures on Christian Nurture, include his principal works.

=Tyler, John Mason.= Ms., 1851- ----. Son of W. S. Tyler, infra. A professor of biology at Amherst College. The Whence and the Whither of Man. Scr.

=Tyler, Joseph.= 18-- -1895. Son of B. Tyler, supra. A Congregational missionary in South Africa for forty years, for the last ten years of his life a resident of St. Johnsbury, Vermont. Forty Years Among the Zulus. C. P. S.

=Tyler, Lyon Gardiner.= Va., 1853- ----. A son of President John Tyler and president of William and Mary College from 1888. The Letters and Times of the Tylers; Parties and Patronage in the United States.

=Tyler, Moses Coit.= Ct., 1835-1900. A professor of American history at Cornell University from 1881. From 1860 to 1881 he was a member of the Congregational ministry, but in the latter year took orders in the Episcopal Church. He is best known by an admirable History of American Literature During the Colonial Period, 1606-1765, which is as readable as it is scholarly, the style being both vigorous and original. Other works of his are, The Brawnville Papers; Life of Patrick Henry; Three Men of Letters (Berkeley, Dwight, Joel Barlow); The Literary History of the American Revolution, 1763-1783; Manual of English Literature. Hou. Put. Sh.

=Tyler, Ransom Hebbard.= Ms., 1813-1881. A lawyer and bank president of Fulton, New York. The Bible and Social Reform; American Ecclesiastical Law; Commentaries on the Law of Infancy and Covertures; Ejectment and Adverse Enjoyment; Usury; Pawns and Loans; Fixtures; Boundaries, Fences, and Window Lights.

=Tyler, Robert.= Va., 1818-1877. The eldest son of President John Tyler. A lawyer of Philadelphia, and after the Civil War a journalist in Montgomery, Alabama. Ahasuerus, a Poem; Death, a Poem; Is Virginia a Repudiating State?

=Tyler, Royall.= Ms., 1757-1826. A Vermont jurist, chief justice of the supreme court of his State from 1800. Reports of Vermont Supreme Court Cases; The Contrast, a brilliant comedy, the first American play acted by regular comedians, and the earliest in which “Yankee dialect” is employed; May Day, a comedy; The Georgia Speculator, or Land in the Moon; The Algerine Captive; Moral Tales for American Youths; The Yankey in London.

=Tyler, Samuel.= Md., 1809-1878. A jurist of Frederick, Maryland. The Progress of Philosophy; Discourse on the Baconian Philosophy; Burns as a Poet and as a Man; Memoir of Chief Justice Taney; Commentary on the Law of Partnership.

=Tyler, William Seymour.= Pa., 1810-1897. A Congregational clergyman and educator, professor at Amherst College from 1836; latterly professor emeritus of the Greek language and literature. Prayer for Colleges; Theology of the Greek Poets; editions of Tacitus and the Iliad of Homer; History of Amherst College, 1821 to 1891. Har.

=Tyng, Dudley Atkins.= Md., 1825-1858. Son of S. H. Tyng, infra, 1st. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia. Vital Truth and Deadly Error; Children of the Kingdom; Our Country’s Troubles.

=Tyng, Stephen Higginson.= Ms., 1800-1885. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. George’s Church, 1844-85, and long prominent among Low Churchmen. Among his works are, The Christian Pastor; Family Commentary on the Gospels; Lectures on the Law and the Gospel; The Israel of God; Christ is All; The Rich Kinsman, the history of Ruth; The Prayer-Book Illustrated by Scripture; The Captive Orphan; Esther the Queen of Persia; Forty Years’ Experience in Sunday Schools. See Life of, by C. R. Tyng. Har.

=Tyng, Stephen Higginson.= N. Y., 1839-1898. Son of S. H. Tyng, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, for a number of years subsequent to 1881 the manager of an insurance company in Paris. The Square of Life; He Will Come; Our Church Work.

=Tyson, James.= 1841- ----. A Philadelphia physician, medical professor in the University of Pennsylvania from 1870. Manual of Physical Diagnosis; The Cell Doctrine; Introduction to Practical Histology; Practical Examination of the Urine; Treatise on Bright’s Disease. Lip.

=Tyson, Job Roberts.= Pa., 1804-1858. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Essay on the Penal Laws of Pennsylvania; The Lottery System of the United States; Social and Intellectual State of Pennsylvania prior to 1743; Resources and Commerce of Philadelphia.

U

=Underwood, Benjamin Franklin.= 1839- ----. Formerly the editor of The Index in Boston. Influence of Christianity upon Civilization; Essays and Lectures.

=Underwood, Francis Henry.= Ms., 1825-1894. A Boston littérateur, the organizer of The Atlantic Monthly. He was American consul at Glasgow, 1885-89, and subsequently at Leith, where he died. Handbooks of English Literature: British Authors, and American Authors; Builders of American Literature; biographies of Lowell, Longfellow, and Whittier; The Poet and the Man, Recollections of James Russell Lowell; Cloud Pictures; and the novels, Lord of Himself; Man Proposes; Dr. Gray’s Quest; Quabbin. Hou. Le.

=Underwood, Lucien Marcus.= N. Y., 1853- ----. Cousin of F. H. Underwood, supra. A professor of botany at Syracuse University from 1883. Systematic Plant Record; Our Native Ferns and How to Study Them; Our Native Ferns and Their Allies; North American Hepaticæ. Ho. Wh.

=Upham, Charles Wentworth.= N. B., 1802-1875. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor of the First Church in Salem, Massachusetts, 1824-44, subsequently prominent as a politician in his city and State. Lectures on the Logos; Prophecy as an Evidence of Christianity; Salem Witchcraft and Cotton Mather; Life of Timothy Pickering; Life of Sir Henry Vane; Lectures on Witchcraft; Principles of Congregationalism.

=Upham, Francis William.= N. H., 1817-1895. Brother of T. C. Upham, infra. An educator of New York city, whose writings were chiefly a defence of the Scriptures as opposed to “the higher criticism.” The Debate Between the Church and Science; The Wise Men: Who They Were; The Star of Our Lord; Thoughts on the Gospels; St. Matthew’s Witness; The First Words from God.

=Upham, Mrs. Grace Le Baron [Locke].= “Grace Le Baron.” Ms., 1845- ----. A Boston writer of popular juvenile tales. The Rosebud Club; Little Miss Faith; Little Daughter. Le.

=Upham, Thomas Cogswell.= N. H., 1799-1872. A professor of philosophy at Bowdoin College, 1824-72. Elements of Moral Philosophy; Treatise on the Will; Life of Madame Guyon; Principles of the Hidden Life; Disordered Mental Action; Elements of Intellectual Philosophy; Ratio Disciplinæ; Christ in the Soul; The Life of Faith; The Manual of Peace; Divine Union; American Cottage Life, a book of verse; Life of Madame Catherine Adorna; View of the Absolute Religion. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Bibliography of Maine. Har.

=Upshur, Abel Parker.= Va., 1790-1844. A Virginia lawyer and Congressman, secretary of the navy, 1841-1843, and of State, 1843-44. Inquiry into the Nature and Character of Our Federal Government.

=Upshur, Mary.= Niece of A. P. Upshur, supra. See Sturges, Mrs.

=Upton, Emory.= 1839-1881. An officer with the rank of major-general in the Federal army during the Civil War. Infantry Tactics; The Armies of Asia and Europe; Tactics for NonMilitary Bodies. See Life of, by Michie. Ap.

=Upton, Francis Henry.= Ms., 1814-1876. An eminent lawyer of New York city. Treatise on the Law of Trade-Marks; The Law of Nations affecting Commerce During War.

=Upton, George Putnam.= Ms., 1834- ----. A Chicago journalist. Letters of Peregrine Pickle; The Great Fire; Woman in Music; The Standard Operas; The Standard Oratorios; The Standard Cantatas; The Standard Symphonies; Lives of Haydn, Liszt, and Wagner, from the German of Nohl; Memories, from the German of Max Müller. Mg.

=Upton, Jacob Kendrick.= N. H., 1837- ----. The assistant secretary of the treasury in 1880. Money in Politics; A Coin Catechism. Lo.

=Urmy, Clarence [Thomas].= Cal., 1858- ----. An organist and verse-writer of San José, California. A Rosary of Rhyme; A Vintage of Verse. He has been a contributor to magazines.

=Usher, Edward Preston.= Ms., 1851- ----. A Boston lawyer living in Grafton, Massachusetts. Sales of Personal Property; Protestantism, a Study in the Direction of Religious Truth. Le.

=Utter, Mrs. Rebecca [Palfrey].= Ms., 1844- ----. Daughter of C. Palfrey, supra, and wife of a Unitarian clergyman. The King’s Daughter, and Other Poems.

V

=Vachell, Horace Annesley.= E., 1861- ----. A novelist many years resident in California, but in 1883 an English lieutenant in the Rifle Brigade. The Romance of Judge Ketchum; The Model of Christian Gay; The Quicksands of Pactolus; An Impending Sword; John Christy. Do. Ho. Lip.

=Vail, Alfred.= N. J., 1807-1859. A scientist who was one of the inventors of the telegraph. He published a work on The American Electro-Magnetic Telegraph.

=Vail, Stephen Montford.= N. Y., 1818-1880. A Methodist clergyman, at one time tried by his church for advocating an educated ministry. Outlines of Hebrew Grammar; Education in the Methodist Church; The Bible Against Slavery. Meth.

=Vail, Thomas Hubbard.= Va., 1812-1889. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Kansas, consecrated bishop in 1864. Hannah, a Sacred Drama; The Comprehensive Church.

=Vale, Gilbert.= E., 1788-1866. A Brooklyn writer prominent as a free-thinker. Fanaticism; Life of Thomas Paine, supra.

=Valentine, David Thomas.= N. Y., 1801-1869. The clerk of the New York Common Council, 1831-69, and author of a Manual of the Corporation of New York City; History of New York City.

=Valentine, Milton.= Md., 1825- ----. A Lutheran clergyman, professor of systematic theology at Gettysburg Theological Seminary from 1884. Natural Theology, or Rational Theism; The Relations of the Family to the Church; The Dynamics of Success; Knowledge by Service; Absolute Christianity; Truth’s Testimony to its Servants: Is the Lord’s Day only a Human Institution? Sil.

=Valentini, Philipp Johann Joseph.= P., 1828-1899. A New York archæologist among whose writings upon Mexican archæology are, The Landa Alphabet: a Spanish fabrication; Mexican Copper Tools; The Olmecas and the Tultecas.

=Vallentine, Benjamin Bennaton.= E., 1843- ----. A journalist of New York city, dramatic critic of The Herald. The Fitznoodle Papers; Fitznoodle in America; The Lost Train.

=Van-Anderson, Mrs. Helen [Van Metre].= Ia., 1859- ----. A minister and lecturer of Boston. The Right Knock; It is Possible; The Story of Teddy; Journal of a Live Woman. Le.

=Van Brunt, Henry.= Ms., 1832-1903. An architect of note, the designer of Memorial Hall at Cambridge. Greek Lines, and Other Architectural Essays. Hou.

=Van Buren, John Desh.= N. Y., 1838- ----. A civil engineer of New York city. Investigation of Formulas for the Strength of Iron Parts of Steam Machinery; Quay and Other Retaining Walls.

=Van Buren, Martin.= N. Y., 1782-1862. The eighth President of the United States. An Inquiry into the Origin and Causes of Political Parties in the United States is his only writing of importance, except state papers. See Lives by Emmons, 1835, Grund (in German), 1835, Holland, 1836, Crockett, 1836, Mackenzie, 1846, Butler, 1862, Shepard, 1888, Bancroft, 1889; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Van Buren, William Holme.= Pa., 1819-1883. An eminent surgeon of New York city. Contributions to Practical Surgery; Diseases of the Rectum; Diseases of the Genito-Urinary Organs (with Keyes); The Principles of Surgery. Ap.

=Vandegrift, Margaret.= See Janvier, Margaret.

=Vandenhoff, George.= E., 1820- ----. An actor and elocutionist of note. Plain System of Elocution; Leaves from an Actor’s Note Book; Dramatic Reminiscences; Clerical Assistant, or Elocutionary Guide; Common Sense; The Art of Reading Aloud.

=Van Deusen, Mrs. Mary [Westbrook].= N. Y., 1829- ----. A writer of Rondout, New York, whose principal works include, Rachel Du Mont; Gertrude Willoughby, a novel; Colonial Dames of America; Voices of My Heart, a book of verse.

=Van Dyke, Henry Jackson.= Pa., 1822-1891. A Presbyterian clergyman of Brooklyn. The Lord’s Prayer; The Church: Her Ministry and Sacraments.

=Van Dyke, Henry Jackson.= Pa., 1852- ----. Son of H. J. Van Dyke, supra. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, pastor of the Brick Church from 1882. The Reality of Religion; The Story of the Psalms; The National Sin of Literary Piracy; The Poetry of Tennyson; Historic Presbyterianism; Straight Sermons to Young Men; The Christ Child in Art; Little Rivers; The Story of the Other Wise Man; God and Little Children; The Gospel for an Age of Doubt; The Builders, and Other Poems. Har. Mac. Ran. Scr.

=Van Dyke, John Charles.= N. J., 1856- ----. An art critic, librarian of the Sage Library at New Brunswick, New Jersey. Books and How to Use Them; Principles of Art; How to Judge a Picture; Serious Art in America; Art for Art’s Sake; History of Painting; Old Dutch and Flemish Masters. Cent. Fo. Lgs. Scr. Meth.

=Van Dyke, Joseph Smith.= N. J., 1832- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman, minister at Cranbury, New Jersey, from 1869. Popery the Foe of the Church; Prohibition of the Liquor Traffic; Through the Prison to the Throne; From Gloom to Gladness; Giving or Entertainment,--Which?; Theism or Evolution. Fu.

=Van Dyke, Theodore Strong.= N. J., 1842- ----. Brother of J. C. Van Dyke, supra. A lawyer and sportsman of Southern California. Rifle, Rod, and Gun in California; Southern California; The Still Hunter; Game Birds at Home; Southern California the Italy of America. Fo.

=Van Horne, Thomas B[udd].= 18-- - ----. A clergyman, chaplain in the Federal army during the Civil War. History of the Army of the Cumberland; Life of Major-General Thomas. Clke. Scr.

=Van Lennep, Henry John.= A. M., 1815-1889. A Congregational missionary in Asia Minor, 1839-69. Ten Days Among Greek Brigands; Bible Lands; Travels in Little Known Parts of Asia Minor; The Oriental Album. Har. C. P. S.

=Vannah, Letitia Catharine.= Me., 1857- ----. A verse-writer of Gardiner, Maine, who has published a volume of Verses.

=Van Ness, Thomas.= Md., 1859- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Second Church. The Coming Religion; The Ideal Commonwealth; My Visit to Count Tolstoi. Rob.

=Van Ness, William Peter.= N. Y., 1778-1826. A jurist of New York city. Examination of Charges against Aaron Burr; Laws of New York (with Woodworth); Concise Narrative of Jackson’s First Invasion of Florida.

=Van Nest, Abraham Rynier.= N. Y., 1823-1892. A Dutch Reformed clergyman in charge of American chapels abroad, and pastor in Philadelphia, 1878-86. Signs of the Times; Life of G. Bethune, supra.

=Van Norden, Charles.= Ct., 1843- ----. A Congregational clergyman at Suffield, Connecticut. The Outermost Rim and Beyond; The Psychic Factor. Ap. Ran.

=Van Rensselaer= [rĕn´sĕl-ar], =Cortland.= N. Y., 1808-1860. A Presbyterian clergyman who was secretary of the Presbyterian Board of Education, 1846-60. Miscellaneous Sermons, Essays, and Addresses; Essays and Discourses.

=Van Rensselaer, Mrs. Mariana [Griswold].= N. Y., 1851- ----. An art critic of New York city. Art Out of Doors, a work on gardening; English Cathedrals; Six Portraits; Handbook of English Cathedrals; Henry Hobson Richardson; One Man who was Content, and Other Stories. Cent. Hou. Scr.

=Van Rensselaer, Maunsell.= N. Y., 1819-1900. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city. Sister Louise: her Life Book; Annals of the Van Rensselaers in the United States.

=Van Santvoord, Cornelius.= N. J., 1816-1901. A Dutch Reformed clergyman of New York State. Memoir of Eliphalet Nott, supra; Limitation of the Liabilities of Ship Owners Under United States Laws.

=Van Santvoord, George.= N. J., 1819-1863. Brother of C. Van Santvoord, supra. A lawyer of Kinderhook, New York. Life of Algernon Sidney; Lives of the Chief Justices of the United States; The Indiana Justice; Principles of Pleading in Civil Actions; Precedents of Pleading; Practice in Equity Actions in New York Supreme Court.

=Van Santvoord, Harold.= N. Y., 1854- ----. Son of G. Van Santvoord, supra. A New York littérateur. Half Holidays, a volume of essays.

=Van Schaack, Henry Cruger.= N. Y., 1802-1887. Son of P. Van Schaack, infra. A lawyer of Manlius, New York. History of Manlius Village; An Old Kinderhook Mansion; Captain Thomas Morris; Life of Peter Van Schaack, infra.

=Van Schaack, Peter.= N. Y., 1747-1832. A once famous jurist of Kinderhook, New York. Laws of the Colony of New York; Conductor Generalis. See Life of, by his son, with Journal, Diary, and Letters.

=Vanuxem, Lardner.= Pa., 1792-1848. A scientist who was State geologist of New York, 1836-42. Geology of New York, Third District; Essay on the Ultimate Principles of Chemistry, Natural Philosophy, and Physiology (1827), an early declaration of the qualitative interconvertibility of heat, light, electricity, and magnetism.

=Van Zile, Edward Sims.= N. Y., 1863- ----. A novelist and journalist of New York city on the staff of The World. Wanted, a Sensation; The Last of the Van Slacks; A Magnetic Man, and Other Stories; Don Miguel, and Other Stories; The Manhattaners; A Crown Prince. Cas. Lov.

=Varley, John Philip.= See Mitchell, L. E.

=Varney, George Jones.= Me., 1836-1901. Young People’s History of Maine; Gazetteer of Maine; A Brief History of Maine; The Story of Patriot’s Day. Le.

=Varnum, Joseph Bradley.= D. C., 1818-1874. A lawyer and littérateur of New York city. The Seat of Government of the United States; The Washington Sketch-Book.

=Vasey, George.= E., 1822-1893. A physician and botanist who was botanist of the Department of Agriculture at Washington, 1872-93. Beauties and Utilities of a Library; The Philosophy of Laughing and Smiling; A Descriptive Catalogue of Native Forest Trees of the United States; Grasses of the United States; Agricultural Grasses of the United States; Grasses of the South; Grasses of the Arid Districts; Descriptive Catalogue of the Grasses of the United States; Individual Liberty.

=Vassar, John Guy.= N. Y., 1811-1888. A philanthropist of Poughkeepsie, nephew of the founder of Vassar College. Twenty Years Around the World.

=Vassar, Thomas Edwin.= N. Y., 1834- ----. Cousin of J. G. Vassar, supra. A Baptist clergyman, author of Uncle John Vassar, or The Fight of Faith, a very popular work.

=Vaughan= [vawn], =John.= Pa., 1775-1807. A physician of Wilmington, Delaware, very eminent in his day. Chemical Syllabus; Observations on Animal Electricity.

=Vaux= [vauks], =Calvert.= E., 1824-1895. An English architect and landscape gardener who settled in the United States in 1851. With F. L. Olmsted, supra, he designed Central Park in New York city, and he was associated with him in many similar works throughout the country. He published Villas and Cottages in the earlier part of his career. See Annual Cyclopædia, 1895.

=Vaux, Richard.= Pa., 1816-1895. Son of R. Vaux, infra. A distinguished penologist of Philadelphia. His writings include every annual report of the Eastern Penitentiary for more than fifty years; Recorders’ Decisions; and many volumes on the subject of penology.

=Vaux, Roberts.= Pa., 1786-1836. A jurist and penologist of Philadelphia, prominent in all local philanthropic enterprises throughout his life. Memoirs of Benjamin Lay, Ralph Sandiford, and Anthony Benezet; Efforts to Improve the Discipline of the Prison at Philadelphia.

=Vedder, Henry Clay.= N. Y., 1853- ----. A journalist for many years, and subsequently professor of church history at Crozer Theological Seminary, Upland, Pennsylvania. American Writers of To-day; A Short History of the Baptists. Bap. Sil.

=Veeder, Mrs. Emily Elizabeth [Ferris].= N. Y., 1841- ----. A novelist and verse-writer of St. Louis. Her Brother Donnard; Entranced; The Unexpected; In the Garden, and Other Poems. Lip.

=Venable, Charles Scott.= Va., 1827-1900. A Confederate army officer, professor of mathematics in the University of Virginia from 1865, and author of a series of popular mathematical text-books.

=Venable, Francis Preston.= Va., 1856- ----. Son of C. S. Venable, supra. A professor of chemistry at the University of North Carolina from 1880. A Short Course in Qualitative Analysis; The Development of the Periodic Law.

=Venable, William Henry.= O., 1836- ----. An educator and littérateur of Cincinnati. School History of the United States; Footprints of the Pioneers in the Ohio Valley; The Beginnings of Literary Culture in the Ohio Valley; Let Him First be a Man, a collection of essays on education. His writings in verse include, June on the Miami, and Other Poems; The Melodies of the Heart. Clke. Le.

=Verdi, Tullio Suzzara.= Iy., 1829- ---- A homœopathic physician practicing in Washington from 1857. Maternity; Mothers and Daughters; The Infant Philosopher; Special Diagnosis for Popular Use.

=Verplanck= [vĕr-plănk´], =Gulian Crommelin.= N. Y., 1786-1870. A Shakespearean scholar of New York city whose carefully edited Shakespeare appeared in 1846. He was the author of Essays on Revealed Religion; Discourses on American History, Art, and Literature; Discourses and Addresses; Essay on the Doctrine of Contrasts; The Bucktail Bards. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Very, Jones.= Ms., 1813-1880. A Unitarian clergyman living at Salem, Massachusetts, who must be accounted as one of the most purely spiritual of American poets. His Essays and Poems appeared in 1839, the poems including fifty sonnets on the Shakespearean model remarkable for their extreme delicacy and purity of conception. A fuller edition of the Poems alone appeared in 1883, and a complete and revised edition of Poems and Essays in 1886. See Memoir, by W. P. Andrews, in Poems, 1883; Biographical Notice, by J. F. Clarke, supra, in Poems and Essays, 1886; Atlantic Monthly, July, 1883. Hou.

=Very, Lydia Louisa Anna.= Ms., 1823-1901. Sister of J. Very, supra. For many years a teacher in Salem. Poems and Prose Writings.

=Vethake, Henry.= B. G., 1792-1866. A Philadelphia educator who was professor in the University of Pennsylvania from 1836, and provost in 1854. Principles of Political Economy.

=Vetromile, Eugene.= Iy., 1819-1881. A noted Italian Jesuit missionary long resident among the Penobscot Indians. Travels in Europe, etc.; The Abenaki and Their History; and several works in the Abenaki language. See Bibliography of Maine.

=Veysey, Arthur Henry.= E., 1869- ----. A littérateur of New York city. A Cheque for Three Thousand, a novel. Dil.

=Victor, Mrs. Frances Auretta [Fuller] [Barrett].= O., 1826-1902. Sister of Mrs. M. Victor, infra, with whom she published Poems of Sentiment and Imagination (1851). After her second marriage to a brother of O. Victor, infra, she removed to California. The River of the West; All Over Oregon; The New Penelope, and Other Stories; Atlantis Arisen. Ap. Lip.

=Victor, Mrs. Metta Victoria [Fuller].= “Seeley Register.” Pa., 1831-1885. A novelist and verse-writer of New York city. Fresh Leaves from Western Woods; Last Days of Tul, a Yucatan romance; The Senator’s Son, a plea for the Maine Law; Two Mormon Wives; The Gold Hunters; Miss Slimmens’ Window, and Other Papers; Uncle Ezekiel; Too True; Alice Wilde; The Backwoods Bride; Maum Guinea; Jo Daviess’s Client; The Dead Letter; Figure Eight; Passing the Portal; Blunders of a Bashful Man; The Bad Boy’s Diary; The Naughty Girl’s Diary; The Rasher Family, comprise the greater portion of her works. Her poem Compound Interest is still quoted.

=Victor, Orville James.= O., 1827- ----. An author and editor of New York city. History of the Southern Rebellion; Incidents and Anecdotes of the War; History of American Conspiracies.

=Viele, Egbert Ludovickus.= N. Y., 1825-1902. A military engineer who served in the Civil War, and became Park Commissioner of New York City in 1883. Handbook for Active Service; Topographical Atlas of New York City.

=Vincent, Francis.= Del., 1822-1884. A journalist of Wilmington, Delaware, who published A History of Delaware.

=Vincent, Frank.= L. I., 1848- ----. A traveler of note. The Land of the White Elephant; Norsk, Lapp, and Finn; Through and Through the Tropics; The Republics of South America; Around and About South America; In and Out of Central America; Actual Africa; Lady of Cawnpore, a novel (with A. Lancaster). Ap. Fu. Har. Put.

=Vincent, John Heyl.= Al., 1832- ----. A Methodist bishop now living at Topeka, of much prominence as the founder of the celebrated Chautauqua Movement in 1878. Studies in Young Life; The Modern Sunday School; Little Footprints in Bible Lands; Earthly Footsteps of the Man of Galilee; Better Not; The Chautauqua Movement; To Old Bethlehem; Our Own Church; Outline History of Greece; Outline History of Rome, include his more important works. See The Outlook, October, 1896. Fu. Fl. Meth.

=Vincent, Marvin Richardson.= N. Y., 1834- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, professor in Union Seminary from 1888. Faith and Character; Student’s Handbook of the Topics and Literature of New Testament Introduction; Word Studies in the New Testament; Stranger and Guest; Gates into the Psalm Country; Amusement a Force in Christian Training; The Two Prodigals; The Minister’s Handbook; What Is It To Believe?; God and Bread; The Covenant of Peace; The Law of Sowing and Reaping; Bible Inspiration and Christ; That Monster, the Higher Critic; Christ as a Teacher; In the Shadow of the Pyrenees, from Basque Land to Carcassonne; The Age of Hildebrand. Do. Ran. Scr.

=Vincent, Thomas McCurdy.= O., 1832- ----. An army officer who has published The Military Power of the United States during the War of the Rebellion.

=Vinght, Francisco Javier.= C., 1823- ----. A Cuban educator, after 1848 a resident of New York, and professor of Spanish in the University of the City of New York. Spanish Grammar; Spanish and English Phrase Book; El Maestro de Francés; El Maestro de Inglés; Le Maître d’Espagnol; Lector y Traductor Inglés.

=Vinton, Alexander Hamilton.= R. I., 1807-1881. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston, prominent as a Low Churchman. Bohlen Lectures for 1877; Sermons. Wh.

=Vinton, Arthur Dudley.= N. Y., 1852- ----. Son of F. Vinton, infra. A lawyer and novelist of New York city. The Pomfret Mystery; The Unpardonable Sin.

=Vinton, Francis.= R. I., 1809-1872. Brother of A. H. Vinton, supra. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of Trinity Church, 1855-72. Arthur Tremaine, or Annals of Cadet Life; Evidences of Christianity; Manual Commentary on the General Canon Law of the Episcopal Church.

=Vinton, Francis Laurens.= Me., 1835-1879. Nephew of A. H. Vinton, supra. An officer in the Federal army during the Civil War, who rose to the rank of brigadier-general. The Guardian, a poem; Lectures on Machines; Theory of the Strength of Materials.

=Vinton, John Adams.= Ms., 1801-1877. A Congregational clergyman and genealogist. The Vinton Memorial; The Symmes Memorial; The Giles Memorial; The Sampson Family in America.

=Virgin, William Wirt.= Me., 1823-1893. A jurist who was justice of the supreme court of Maine. The Maine Civil Officer; Digest of the Decisions of the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine; Law and Equity Reports.

=Vogdes, William.= Pa., 1802-1886. A lawyer and educator of Philadelphia. United States Arithmetic; Elementary Treatise on Mensuration.

=Von Holst.= See Holst, H. E. von.

=Vos, Geerhardus.= H., 1862- ----. A Dutch clergyman, professor of biblical theology at Princeton Seminary from 1894. The Mosaic Origin of the Pentateuchal Codes; Die Kämpfe und Streitigkeiten zwischen den Banu Umajja und den Banu Haschim; The Doctrine of the Covenants in Reformed Theology; Biblical Theology as a Science and as a Discipline.

=Vose, George Leonard.= Me., 1831- ----. A civil engineer, professor in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1881-86. Orographic Geology; Manual for Railway Engineers; Bridge Disasters in America; A Graphic Method for Solving Algebraic Problems; Elementary Course of Geometric Drawing; Life of G. W. Whistler, Civil Engineer. Le.

=Vose, John.= N. H., 1766-1840. An educator of Atkinson, New Hampshire, prominent in his day, and author of System of Astronomy; Compendium of Astronomy.

W

=Wackerhagen, Augustus.= G., 1774-1865. A Lutheran clergyman of Columbia County, New York. Inbegriff des Glaubens und Sittenlehre.

=Wade, William P----.= 18- ----. Treatise on the Law of Notice; On the Operation and Construction of Retroactive Laws; Manual of American Mining Laws in the Western States; The Laws of Notice as Affecting Civil Rights and Remedies; The Law of Attachment and Garnishment.

=Wadsworth, Marshman Edward.= Me., 1847- ----. The State geologist of Michigan from 1888. Geology of the Iron and Copper Districts of Lake Superior; The Azoid System (with J. D. Whitney, infra); Lithological Studies, are among his writings.

=Wagner, Arthur Lockwood.= Il., 1853- ----. An officer in the United States army. Catechism of Outpost Duty; Organization and Tactics; The Service of Security and Information; The Campaign of Königgrätz.

=Wainwright, Jonathan Mayhew.= E., 1792-1854. A provisional Protestant Episcopal bishop of New York, 1852-54. The Land of Bondage; Short Family Prayers; The Pathway and Abiding Places of Our Lord; Lessons on the Church Religious Education; Selected Sermons. See Lives by Doane, 1856, Norton, 1858. Ap. Dut.

=Wait, William.= N. Y., 1821-1880. An eminent lawyer of Fulton County, New York. Law and Practice in Civil Actions; New York Annotated Code of Procedure; Actions and Defences at Law and in Equity; Treatise on General Principles of the Law.

=Waite, Charles Burlingame.= N. Y., 1824- ----. A Chicago jurist, author of The Christian Religion to A. D. 200.

=Waite, Mrs. Catherine [Van Valkenburg].= Ont., 1829- ----. Wife of C. B. Waite, supra. A Chicago lawyer, founder of The Chicago Law Times, and an active advocate of woman-suffrage. The Mormon Prophet and his Harem.

=Waite, Henry Randall.= N. Y., 1845- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman who has published The Motive of St. Paul’s Life; Illiteracy and the Mormon Problem; A Boy’s Workshop. Lo.

=Wakefield, Mrs. Nancy Amelia Woodbury Priest.= N. H., 1836-1870. A verse-writer remembered for her poem, Over the River. See Poems of, with Memoir, 1871.

=Wakeley, Joseph Beaumont.= Ct., 1804-1876. A Methodist clergyman of New York city among whose writings are, The Heroes of Methodism; Lost Chapters Recovered from Early American Methodism; Reminiscences; The American Temperance Cyclopedia. Meth.

=Walcott, Charles Doolittle.= N. Y., 1850- ----. A geologist of note, director of the United States Geological Survey from 1894. The Trilobite; Paleontology of the Eureka District; The Cambrian Faunas of North America; The Fauna of the Lower Cambrian or Olinus Zone; Correlation Papers.

=Walcott, Charles Melton.= E., 1815-1868. An actor and playwright of Philadelphia among whose plays are, The Course of True Love; Hoboken; Washington, or Valley Forge; A Good Fellow.

=Walden, Treadwell.= N. Y., 1830- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Washington. Sunday-School Prayer Book; Our English Bible and its Ancestors; The Great Meaning of Metanoia. Co. Wh.

=Waldo, Frank.= O., 1857- ----. A meteorologist of Princeton, New Jersey, formerly a junior professor in the United States signal service. Beside a number of scientific monographs, he has published Modern Meteorology; Elementary Meteorology. Am.

=Waldo, Samuel Putnam.= Ct., 1780-1826. A writer of Hartford, Connecticut. Tour of President Monroe in 1818; Memoirs of General Andrew Jackson; Life of Stephen Decatur; Biographical Sketches.

=Waldstein, Charles.= N. Y., 1856- ----. An eminent archæologist, the director of the American School of Archæology at Athens from 1888. Excavations at the Heraion of Argos; The Balance of Emotion and Intellect; Essays on the Art of Pheidias; The Work of John Buskin; Study of Art in Universities. Gi. Har.

=Wales, Philip Skinner.= Md.; 1837- ----. A United States naval officer who has published a Treatise on Mechanical Therapeutics.

=Walke, Henry.= Va., 1808-1896. A naval officer appointed rear-admiral in 1870, and the author of Naval Scenes and Reminiscences of the Civil War.

=Walker, Alexander Joseph.= Va., 1819-1893. A lawyer and journalist of New Orleans. Jackson and New Orleans; History of the Battle of Shiloh; Butler at New Orleans; Duelling in Louisiana; Life of General Andrew Jackson.

=Walker, Amasa.= Ct., 1799-1875. A political economist of Boston. The Science of Wealth; The Nature and Uses of Money. Lip.

=Walker, Charles Manning.= O., 1834- ----. A journalist of Indianapolis. History of Athens County, Ohio; First Settlement of Ohio at Marietta; Lives of Oliver Martin and Alvin Hovey. Clke.

=Walker, Cornelius.= Va., 1819- ----. An Episcopal clergyman, professor in the Virginia Theological Seminary from 1866. Sorrowing Not Without Hope; Outlines of Christian Theology; Lectures on Christian Ethics. Wh.

=Walker, Edward Dwight.= L. I., 1859-1890. A journalist and littérateur of New York city. Reincarnation, a Study of Forgotten Truth.

=Walker, Francis Amasa.= Ms., 1840-1897. Son of A. Walker, supra. The president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1881, and during the Civil War a Federal officer, rising to the rank of colonel, and brevetted brigadier-general in 1865. A distinguished authority on financial topics; an advocate of bimetallism. Wages; Money; Money in its Relations to Trade and Industry; Political Economy; The Indian Question; Land and its Rent; History of the Second Army Corps; Life of General Hancock; The Making of the Nation; Double Taxation in the United States; International Bimetallism. See Review of Reviews, February, 1897. Ap. Ho. Lit. Mac. Scr.

=Walker, George Leon.= Vt., 1830-1900. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of a church in Hartford, Connecticut, from 1879. History of the First Church in Hartford, 1633-1883; Thomas Hooker: Preacher, Founder, Democrat; Some Aspects of the Religious Life of New England. Do. Sil.

=Walker, James.= Ms., 1794-1874. A Unitarian clergyman, minister at Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1818-38, president of Harvard University, 1853-60. Lectures on Natural Religion; Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion; Sermons Preached in the College Chapel; Discourses. A. U. A.

=Walker, James Barr.= Pa., 1805-1887. A popular Presbyterian clergyman in Ohio and Illinois. Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation; Poetry of Reason and Conscience; Pioneer Life in the West; God Revealed in Nature and in Christ; Philosophy of Skepticism and Ultraism; The Divine Operation in the Redemption of Man; Living Questions of the Age; Doctrine of the Holy Spirit; Poems. Meth.

=Walker, James Bradford Richmond.= Ms., 1821-1885. A Congregational clergyman of Massachusetts. Comprehensive Concordance to the Holy Scriptures. C. P. S.

=Walker, James Murdock.= S. C., 1813-1854. A South Carolina lawyer. The Theory of Common Law; Tract on Government; The State versus Bank of South Carolina; Roman Jurisprudence in the Law of Real Estate.

=Walker, James Perkins.= N. H., 1829-1868. A Boston publisher. Faith and Patience, a story for boys; Book of Raphael’s Madonnas; Sunny-Eyed Tim. See Memoir of, 1869.

=Walker, Joseph Burbeen.= N. H., 1822- ----. An agriculturist of New Hampshire. Land Drainage; Forests of New Hampshire; Prospective Agriculture in New Hampshire; Oats; Rogers the Ranger; Birth of the Federal Constitution.

=Walker, Joseph Henry.= Ms., 1829- ----. A Republican Congressman from Massachusetts whose home is in Worcester. A Few Facts and Suggestions on Money, Trade, and Banking. Hou.

=Walker, Mrs. Katherine Kent [Child].= Vt., 1840- ----. A writer who is best known by a famous paper in The Atlantic Monthly on The Total Depravity of Inanimate Things. Bible Stories for the Young; Life of Christ; From the Crib to the Cross. Ran.

=Walker, Mrs. Mary Spring.= 18-- - ----. A Boston writer. Wife of J. B. R. Walker, supra. The Family Doctor, or Mrs. Barry and her Bourbon; Rev. Dr. Willoughby and his Wine; Both Sides of the Street; Down in a Saloon; White Robes.

=Walker, Robert James.= Pa., 1801-1869. The secretary of the United States Treasury, 1845-49, and author of Letters on the Finances and Resources of the United States.

=Walker, Sears Cook.= Ms., 1805-1853. Brother of T. Walker, infra. An astronomer who published a number of professional monographs.

=Walker, Timothy.= Ms., 1806-1856. A jurist of Cincinnati. Elements of Geometry; Introduction to American Law. Lit.

=Walker, William.= Tn., 1824-1860. A famous adventurer who led a filibustering expedition into Nicaragua in 1855, and was afterwards court-martialled and shot by the authorities of Honduras. The War in Nicaragua. See Walker’s Expedition to Nicaragua, by W. V. Wells, 1856; Reminiscences of the Filibuster War by Doubleday, 1886; Joaquin Miller’s Walker in Nicaragua.

=Walker, William McCreary.= Md., 1813-1866. A United States naval officer who published a work on Screw Propulsion.

=Walker, Williston.= Me., 1860- ----. Son of G. L. Walker, supra. A Congregational clergyman, professor of Germanic and Western Church History in Hartford Theological Seminary from 1889. The Creeds and Platforms of Congregationalism; On the Increase of Royal Power under Philip Augustus; A History of the Congregational Church in the United States. Scr.

=Wallace, Horace Binney.= Pa., 1817-1852. Son of J. B. Wallace, infra. A lawyer and littérateur of Philadelphia. Literary Criticisms; Art and Scenery in Europe. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Wallace, John Bradford.= N. J., 1778-1837. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Remarks on the Law of Bailment; Reports of Cases of the Third Circuit Court. See Memoir by his wife, 1848.

=Wallace, John William.= Pa., 1815-1884. Son of J. B. Wallace, supra. A master in chancery of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. The Reporters, Chronologically Arranged; Cases in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Third Circuit; Cases Argued and Adjudged in the Supreme Court of the United States, 1863-1874; An Old Philadelphian: Colonel William Bradford, the Patriot Printer of 1776. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Wallace, Lew[is].= Ind., 1827- ----. A Federal major-general during the Civil War, subsequently a lawyer of Crawfordsville, Indiana, and minister to Turkey, 1881-85. Ben Hur, a Tale of the Christ, has been extremely popular, but neither this nor his other romances have met the entire approval of literary critics. His other works include, The Fair God, an Aztec Story; The Prince of India; The Boyhood of Christ; Life of General Benjamin Harrison. Har.

=Wallace, Mrs. Susan Arnold [Elston].= Ind., 1830- ----. Wife of L. Wallace, supra. The Storied Sea; Ginevra, a Christmas Story; The Land of the Pueblos; The Repose in Egypt. Har.

=Wallace, William Ross.= Ky., 1819-1881. A lawyer and verse-writer of New York city. Perdita; Alban; Meditations in America, and Other Poems. The Liberty Bell is his best-known poem. See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America.

=Wallack, Lester= (real name John Johnstone Wallack). N. Y., 1820-1888. A noted comedian and dramatist of New York city. The Veteran; Rosedale. See Galaxy Magazine, October, 1868; Autobiography of, 1889. Scr.

=Wallis, Severn Teackle.= Md., 1816-1894. A lawyer of Baltimore. Glimpses of Spain; Spain: her Institutions, Politics, and Public Men. A memorial edition of his writings in four volumes was published in 1896. Har.

=Waln, Robert.= Pa., 1765-1836. A Philadelphia merchant. Answer to the Anti-Protection Report of Henry Lee; Seven Letters to Elias Hicks, widely read at the time of their appearance.

=Waln, Robert.= Pa., 1794-1825. Son of R. Wain, supra. A Philadelphia littérateur. The Hermit in America; American Bards, a satire; Sisyphi Opus, with Other Poems; Life of Lafayette.

=Walsh, Michael.= I., 1763-1840. A once popular educator of Massachusetts who published a Mercantile Arithmetic, and a New System of Bookkeeping.

=Walsh, Robert.= Md., 1784-1859. A prominent Philadelphian who was United States consul at Paris, 1845-51. In 1811 he established the American Review of History and Politics, the first quarterly in the United States. An Appeal from the Judgments of Great Britain; Letter on the Genius and Disposition of the French Government; Correspondence Respecting Russia; Didactics; The Museum of Foreign Literature and Science. See Edinburgh Review, May, 1820; North American Review, April, 1820.

=Walsh, William Shepard.= “William Shepard.” F., 1854-189-. Grandson of R. Walsh, supra. A Philadelphia littérateur, editor of Lippincott’s Magazine, 1886-90. Authors and Authorship; Pen Pictures of Earlier Victorian Authors; Faust: the Legend and the Poem; Paradoxes of a Philistine; Pen Pictures of Modern Authors; Our Young Folks’ History of the Roman Empire.

=Walter, Nehemiah.= I., 1663-1750. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Roxbury, Massachusetts, from 1688 until his death. The Sense of Indwelling Sin in the Unregenerate; Sermons; Practical Discourses on the Holiness of Heaven.

=Walter, Thomas.= Ms., 1696-1725. Son of N. Walter, supra. A Congregational clergyman, the colleague of his father. Grounds and Rules of Music Explained; Infallibility May Sometimes Mistake.

=Walter, William Bicker.= Ms., 1796-1822. Great-grandnephew of T. Walter, supra. A verse-writer who published Poems; Sukey, suggested by Halleck’s “Fanny.”

=Walters, William Thompson.= Pa., 1820-1891. A merchant of Baltimore, long prominent as an art patron. Antoine Louis Barye, from the French of Various Critics; The Percheron Horse, from the French of Du Hays; Notes upon Certain Masters of the Nineteenth Century.

=Walther, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm.= Sxy., 1811-1887. A Lutheran clergyman who came to America in 1839, and was president of the Lutheran Theological Seminary at St. Louis, 1849-1887. Dr. Luther’s kleiner Katechismus ausgelegt von Dr. J. C. Dietrich, mit Zusätzen; Amerikanisch-Lutherische Evangelien-Postille; Amerikanisch-Lutherische Epistel-Postille; Amerikanisch-Lutherische Pastoral-theologie. He was the leader of what are known as Missouri Lutherans. See Biography of, by Günther (Lebensbild), 1890; Brömel’s Homiletische Characterbilder, 1874.

=Walton, George Edward.= O., 1839- ----. A Cincinnati physician, professor of medicine in Cincinnati College from 1880. The Mineral Springs of the United States and Canada.

=Walworth= [wŏ´wŏrth], =Clarence Alphonsus.= N. Y., 1820-1900. Son of Reuben Walworth, infra. A Roman Catholic clergyman who was one of the founders of the Paulist order in the United States, a prominent temperance advocate, and since 1864 rector of St. Mary’s, Albany. The Gentle Sceptic; The Doctrine of Hell; Andiatorocté, and Other Poems.

=Walworth, Mrs. Ellen [Hardin].= Il., 1832- ----. Wife of M. T. Walworth, infra. A Saratoga writer who has published Saratoga, the Battle Ground.

=Walworth, Ellen Hardin.= N. Y., 1858- ----. Daughter of M. T. Walworth, infra. An Old World as Seen Through Young Eyes.

=Walworth, Mrs. Jeanette Ritchie [Hadermann].= Pa., 1837- ----. A novelist of New York city. Dead Men’s Shoes; The Bar Sinister; The Man at Rossmere; At Bay; Southern Silhouettes; Forgiven at Last; Baldy’s Point; The Silent Witness; Heavy Yokes; An Old Fogy; The Little Radical; Uncle Scipio, are among her numerous fictions. Cas. Ho.

=Walworth, Mansfield Tracy.= N. Y., 1837-1873. Son of Reuben H. Walworth, infra. A lawyer once well known as a writer of extremely sensational romances. Among them are, Beverly; Warwick; Lulu; Delaplene; Stormcliff; Mission of Death; Tahara, a Leaf from Empire.

=Walworth, Reuben Hyde.= Ct., 1787-1867. An eminent jurist of Saratoga, the last Chancellor of the State of New York. Rules and Orders of the New York Court of Chancery; The Hyde Genealogy.

=Walworth, Reubena Hyde.= Ky., 1867-1898. Daughter of M. T. Walworth, supra. Where was Elsie?, a comedietta.

=Ward, Aaron.= N. Y., 1790-1867. A New York congressman and major-general of militia, the author of Around the Pyramids, a volume of travel.

=Ward, Andrew Henshaw.= Ms., 1784-1864. A lawyer of Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, and subsequently of Newton in the same State. History of Shrewsbury; Genealogy of the Rice Family; The Ward Family.

=Ward, Artemus.= See Browne, C. F.

=Ward, Mrs. Elizabeth Stuart [Phelps].= Ms., 1844- ----. Wife of Herbert D. Ward, infra, daughter of A. Phelps, supra. A popular New England novelist whose life was mainly passed at Andover and Gloucester until her marriage in 1888. She has more recently lived in Newton, Massachusetts. The publication in 1869 of The Gates Ajar, a tale whose theme is the life of departed spirits in the next world, aroused much discussion, and instantly made its author famous. She has since pursued the same motive in Beyond the Gates, and The Gates Between. Her latest works, as a whole, show an increase of power and a higher level of literary excellence. Hedged in; The Silent Partner; Sealed Orders, and Other Stories; Men, Women, and Ghosts; Friends: a Duet; Dr. Zay; The Story of Avis; An Old Maid’s Paradise, and Burglars in Paradise; Fourteen to One, a book of short stories; Donald Marcy; Jack the Fisherman; The Madonna of the Tubs; A Singular Life; The Supply at St. Agatha’s; The Master of the Magicians (with H. D. Ward); Come Forth (with H. D. Ward); What to Wear?; The Struggle for Immortality, a collection of essays; Chapters from a Life, an autobiography. Less widely known as a poet, her Poetic Studies, and Songs of the Silent World, perhaps represent her highest point of attainment. Her juvenile books include, Gypsey’s Rainy Day Book; My Cousin and I; The Trotty Book; Trotty’s Wedding Tour and Story Book. See Vedder’s American Writers. Hou.

=Ward, Ferdinand De Wilton.= N. Y., 1812- ----. A Presbyterian missionary in India, 1836-47, and subsequently a minister in Geneseo, New York. India and the Hindoos; Christian Gift, or Pastoral Letters Upon Character; Summer Vacation Abroad; History of the Churches of Rochester, New York.

=Ward, Henry Augustus.= N. Y., 1834- ----. Nephew of F. Ward, supra. A naturalist of note, professor in the University of Rochester, 1860-75. Notices of the Megatherium Cuvieri; Description of the Most Celebrated Fossil Animals in Royal Museums of Europe.

=Ward, Henry Dana.= Ms., 1797-1884. A Baptist clergyman prominent as an opponent of freemasonry. Freemasonry: its Pretensions; The Gospel of the Kingdom; The History of the Cross; The Faith of Abraham and Christ.

=Ward, Herbert Dickinson.= Ms., 1861- ----. Son of W. H. Ward, infra. The Captain of the Kittie Wink; A Dash to the Pole; The New Senior at Andover; The White Crown, and Other Stories; The Burglar who Moved Paradise. Hou. Ll. Lo. Lov. Rob.

=Ward, Mrs. H. O.= See Bloomfield-Moore, Mrs. Clara.

=Ward, James Harman.= Ct., 1806-1861. A United States naval officer. Elementary Course of Instruction in Naval Gunnery; Manual of Naval Tactics; Steam for the Million.

=Ward, James Warner.= N. J., 1818- ----. A verse-writer; librarian, 1874-1895, of the Grosvenor library at Buffalo. Home-made Verses and Stories in Rhyme; Yorick, and Other Poems; Higher Water, a parody upon Hiawatha.

=Ward, John.= N. Y., 1838- ----. Cousin of S. Ward, infra. A soldier and physician of New York city. The Overland Route to California, and Other Poems.

=Ward, Julius Hammond.= Ms., 1837-1897. An Episcopal clergyman and journalist of Boston on the staff of The Boston Herald. Life of J. G. Percival, supra; The Bible in Modern Thought; Life of Bishop White, infra; Phillips Brooks in Massachusetts; The Church in Modern Society; The White Mountains, a Guide to their Interpretation. Ap. Do. Hou.

=Ward, Lester Frank.= Il., 1841- ----. A botanist and geologist employed in the United States Geological Survey. Guide to the Flora of Washington and Vicinity; Sketch of Paleontological Botany; Synopsis of the Flora of the Laramie Group; Types of the Laramie Flora; Geographical Distribution of Fossil Plants; Dynamic Sociology; The Psychic Factors of Civilization; The Principles of Sociology. Ap. Gi.

=Ward, Matthew Flournoy.= Ky., 1826-1863. A writer of Louisville. Letters From Three Continents; English Items.

=Ward, Mrs. May [Alden].= O., 1853- ----. President of the Massachusetts State Federation of Women’s Clubs. Petrarch; Dante: Sketch of his Life and Works; Old Colony Days. Rob.

=Ward, Nathaniel.= E., c. 1580-1652. A Puritan clergyman, minister at Ipswich, 1634-36, and a resident of the colony of Massachusetts until 1646, when he returned to England, and was rector of Shenfield in Essex, 1647-52. He is famous as the author of The Simple Cobler of Aggavvam in America, a piece of satire as able as it is vindictive and intolerant. The first code of laws made in New England was drafted by Ward in 1639, and formally adopted in 1644. It is styled The Body of Liberties. Mercurius Anti-mechanicus, or the Simple Cobbler’s Boy with his Lap-full of Caveats, is usually attributed to Ward, and probably with truth. Other writings ascribed to him are, A Religious Retreat Sounded to a Religious Army; A Sermon before Parliament (1647). See Tyler’s American Literature; Memoir by John Ward Dean, 1868.

=Ward, Samuel.= N. Y., 1814-1884. A once prominent banker of New York city who published Lyrical Recreations.

=Ward, Thomas.= N. J., 1807-1873. A littérateur of New York city. A Month of Freedom; Passaic: a Group of Poems; Flora, or the Gypsy’s Frolic, a pastoral opera; War Lyrics.

=Ward, William Hayes.= Ms., 1835- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city, editor of The Independent, and eminent as an Assyriologist. Notes on Oriental Antiquities.

=Warden, David Baillie.= I., 1788-1845. A consul and secretary of the United States legation at Paris from 1804 until his death. Origin and Nature of Consular Establishments; Inquiry Concerning the Intellectual and Moral Faculties and Literature of the Negroes (1810); Description of the District of Columbia; Bibliotheca Americana Septentrionalis; L’art de vérifier les dates: chronologie historique de l’Amérique; A Statistical History of the United States.

=Warden, Robert Bruce.= Ky., 1824- ----. A lawyer formerly of Cincinnati, but since 1873 of Washington. A Familiar Forensic View of Man and Law; A Voter’s Version of the Life and Character of Stephen Douglas; Private Life of Salmon Chase.

=Warder, John Aston.= Pa., 1812-1883. A Cincinnati physician very active in promoting a general interest in forestry and landscape gardening. Hedge Manual; American Pomology.

=Ware, Henry.= Ms., 1764-1845. A Unitarian clergyman of Massachusetts, pastor of Hingham, 1787-1805. His election in the latter year to the Hollis professorship of divinity at Harvard University precipitated the dissensions which ultimately resulted in dividing the Congregational body into Unitarian and Trinitarian portions. Letters to Trinitarians and Calvinists; Inquiry into Foundation, Evidences, and Truth of Religion. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Ware, Henry.= Ms., 1794-1843. Son of H. Ware, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Massachusetts, pastor of the Second Church in Boston, 1817-30, and Parkman professor at Harvard University, 1830-42. The Vision of Liberty, an ode; Hints on Extemporaneous Speaking; Discourses on the Offices and Character of Christ; Sermons on Small Sins; On the Formation of Christian Character, which has been very widely read; Life of the Saviour; Lives of Priestley and Noah Worcester, infra. See Memoir by John Ware, infra; Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit. A. U. A.

=Ware, John.= Ms., 1795-1864. Son of H. Ware, 1st, supra. A Boston physician, professor of medicine at Harvard University, 1832-58. History and Treatment of Delirium Tremens; Hints to Young Men on the Relation of the Sexes; Success in the Medical Profession; Life of Henry Ware, supra. A. U. A.

=Ware, John Fothergill Waterhouse.= Ms., 1818-1881. Son of Henry Ware, 2d, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Baltimore, and subsequently of Boston. Wrestling and Waiting; Sermons; War Tracts; The Silent Pastor; Home Life. El. Le.

=Ware, Mrs. Katherine Augusta [Rhodes].= Ms., 1797-1843. The wife of a United States naval officer. She published The Power of the Passions, and Other Poems.

=Ware, Mrs. Mary Greene [Chandler]=, Ms., 1818- ----. Wife of J. Ware, supra. Elements of Character; Thoughts in My Garden; Death and Life.

=Ware, Nathaniel A----.= Ms., c. 1789-1854. A Southern writer whose later years were spent in Philadelphia and Cincinnati. Views of the Federal Constitution; Notes on Political Economy.

=Ware, William.= Ms., 1797-1852. Son of H. Ware, 1st, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of New York city, 1821-36, whose historical novels are still popular. Letters from Palmyra, republished as Zenobia; Probus, afterwards called Aurelian; Julian; American Unitarian Biography (edited); Lectures on the Works of Washington Allston; Sketches of European Capitals; Life of Nathaniel Bacon in Sparks’s American Biography; Sermons Illustrative of Unitarian Christianity; Unitarianism the Doctrine of Matthew’s Gospel. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit. Est.

=Ware, William Robert.= Ms., 1832- ----. Son of H. Ware, 2d, supra. A professor of architecture in Columbia College School of Mines from 1881. He has published Modern Perspective. Mac.

=Warfield, Benjamin Breckenridge.= Ky., 1851- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, professor of didactic and polemical theology at Princeton Theological Seminary from 1887. The Divine Origin of the Bible; Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament; The Canon of the New Testament; The Gospel of the Incarnation, include his more important works.

=Warfield, Mrs. Catherine Anne [Ware].= Mi., 1816-1877. Daughter of N. Ware, supra. A Kentucky novelist who with her sister Eleanor wrote The Wife of Leon, and Other Poems; The Indian Chamber, and Other Poems. Her own separate writings include, The Household of Bouverie; The Romance of the Green Seal; Miriam Monfort; Hester Howard’s Temptation; A Double Wedding; Lady Ernestine; Miriam’s Memoirs; Sea and Shore; The Cardinal’s Daughter; Ferne Fleming; The Romance of Beauscincourt.

=Warfield, Ethelbert Dudley.= Ky., 1861- ----. A lawyer and educator, president of Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, from 1891. The Kentucky Resolutions of 1798, an Historical Study.

=Waring= [wā´rĭng], =George Edwin.= N. Y., 1833-1898. An eminent sanitary engineer, superintendent of the street-cleaning department of New York city, 1895-97. The Sanitary Drainage of Houses and Towns; A Farmer’s Vacation; The Bride of the Rhine; Tyrol and the Skirt of the Alps; Village Improvements; Farm Villages; Elements of Agriculture; Draining for Profit and Draining for Health; Book of the Farm; How to Drain a House; Sewage and Land Drainage; Sanitary Condition of City and Country Dwellings; Modern Methods of Sewage Disposal. Co. Hou. Vn.

=Warman, Cy.= Il., 1855- ----. A Colorado journalist who was for a time a railway engineer. Tales of an Engineer, with Rhymes of the Rail. Scr.

=Warner, Adoniram Judson.= N. Y., 1834- ----. A Federal officer during the Civil War, since 1866 a resident of Ohio. Appreciation of Money; Source of Value in Money.

=Warner, Amos Griswold.= Ia., 1861-1900. A professor of applied economics in Leland Stanford Junior University, who, beside reports as superintendent of charities for the District of Columbia, published, American Charities: a Study in Philanthropy and Economics; Three Phases of Coöperation in the West. Cr.

=Warner, Anna Bartlett.= “Amy Lothrop.” N. Y., 1820- ----. Sister of S. Warner, infra, and co-author with her of Say and Seal; Wych Hazel; Books of Blessing; Ellen Montgomery’s Bookshelf. Among her separate novels and religious and other works are, Dollars and Cents; My Brother’s Keeper; Stories of Vinegar Hill; The Fourth Watch; The Other Shore; Three Little Spades, a Child’s Book of Gardening; Gardening by Myself; Up and Down the House. Har. Lip. Ran.

=Warner, Beverley Ellison.= N. J., 1855- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of New Orleans. English History in Shakespeare’s Plays. Lgs.

=Warner, Charles Dudley.= Ms., 1829-1900. A popular novelist and essayist of Hartford, editor of The Hartford Courant from 1867, and one of the editors of Harper’s Magazine, 1884-1898. As a humorous writer he presents the literary and not the newspaper aspect of American humour. My Summer in a Garden; Backlog Studies; Saunterings; Being a Boy; Baddeck and that Sort of Thing; Mummies and Moslems; In the Wilderness: Adirondack Essays; Life of Washington Irving; Life of Captain John Smith; In the Levant; My Winter on the Nile; A Roundabout Journey; On Horseback, a Tour in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee, with Notes of Travel in Mexico and California; The Work of Washington Irving; Studies in the South and West; Southern California; A Little Journey in the World; Their Pilgrimage; The Golden House; As We Go; As We Were Saying; The Relation of Life to Literature; Our Italy. See Vedder’s American Writers; Foley’s American Authors. Har. Ho. Hou.

=Warner, Eliza A----.= 18-- - ----. A writer of Northampton, Massachusetts, among whose works are, Tom Tracy; The Red House; Our Two Lives.

=Warner, Susan.= “Elizabeth Wetherell.” N. Y., 1818-1885. A once famous novelist of Highland Falls, New York, whose Wide, Wide World, a priggish religious tale appearing in 1849, attained an extraordinary popularity in America and England. Among her other works are, Queechy; The Old Helmet; Stephen, M. D.; The Hills of the Shatemuc; Melbourne House; Daisy; Diana; The Law and the Testimony, a theological work. Lip. Put.

=Warner, Zebedee.= Va., 1833- ----. A minister of the sect of United Brethren. Christian Baptism; Rise and Progress of the United Brethren Church; Life of Jacob Buchtel; The Roman Catholic not a True Christian Church.

=Warren, Cornelia.= Ms., 1857- ----. Miss Wilton, a novel. Hou.

=Warren, Gouverneur Kemble.= N. Y., 1830-1882. A lieutenant-colonel in the engineer corps, major-general of United States volunteers, and brevet major-general in the United States army. Explorations in the Dacota Country in 1855; Exploration of the Country Between the Missouri and the Platte Rivers; The Battle of Five Forks, Virginia.

=Warren, Henry White.= Ms., 1831- ----. A Methodist bishop living in Denver. The Bible in the World’s Education; Lectures on the Bible in English; Sights and Insights, or Knowledge by Travel; Studies of the Stars; Recreations in Astronomy. Har. Meth.

=Warren, Ira.= Ont., 1806-1864. A journalist and physician of Boston. Causes and Cure of Puseyism; The Household Physician.

=Warren, Israel Perkins.= Ct., 1814-1892. A Congregational clergyman, editor of The Christian Mirror at Portland, Maine, from 1875. Three Judges; Chauncey Judd; The Seaman’s Cause; Sadduceeism; The Parousia; The Book of Revelation: an Exposition, include his principal works. Cr. Fu.

=Warren, John.= Ms., 1753-1815. A Boston physician, professor of anatomy at Harvard University from 1783. He was a brother of General Joseph Warren who fell at Bunker Hill. Mercurial Practice in Febrile Diseases.

=Warren, John Collins.= Ms., 1778-1856. Son of J. Warren, supra. A Boston physician who succeeded his father as professor of anatomy at Harvard University in 1815. He was one of the founders in 1820 of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and its chief surgeon till his death. He published, Cases of Organic Diseases of the Heart; Surgical Observations on Tumors, and lesser works. See Life of, by E. Warren, 1860.

=Warren, John Collins.= Ms., 1842- ----. Son of J. M. Warren, infra. A professor of surgery at Harvard University from 1887. The Anatomy and Development of Rodent Ulcer; Pathology of Carbuncle and Columnal Adipose; The Healing of Arteries after Ligature in Men and Animals; Surgical Pathology and Therapeutics.

=Warren, Jonathan Mason.= Ms., 1811-1867. Son of J. C. Warren, supra. A Boston physician. Surgical Observations, with Cures and Operations. See Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Warren, Mrs. Mercy [Otis].= Ms., 1728-1814. Sister of James Otis, supra, very prominent as a literary figure in her day, and especially esteemed as a political satirist. The Group, a political satire; History of the American Revolution; three tragedies, including The Adulator, the Sack of Rome, The Ladies of Castille; Poems: Dramatic and Miscellaneous. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America; Mrs. Ellet’s Women of the Revolution; Life of, by Alice Brown, supra, 1896.

=Warren, Nathan Boughton.= N. Y., 1805-1898. An author of Troy, New York. The Ancient Plain Song of the Church; The Order of Daily Service, with the English Musical Notation; The Holidays; Hidden Treasure, a Goblin Story.

=Warren, Samuel Edward.= Ms., 1831- ----. An educator of Newton, Massachusetts. Elementary Projection Drawing; General Problems of Shades and Shadows; Problems in Stone Cutting; Descriptive Geometry; Machine Drawing; The Sunday Question, are among his published works.

=Warren, Thomas Robinson.= N. Y., 1828- ----. A traveller and merchant. Dust and Foam Tracks; The Yachtsman Primer; Shooting, Boating, and Fishing; On Deck; Juliette Irving and the Jesuit.

=Warren, William.= Me., 1806-1879. A Congregational clergyman at Gorham, Maine. School Geography; Household Consecration; The Spirit’s Sword; Twelve Years Among Children; These for Those.

=Warren, William Fairfield.= Ms., 1833- ----. A Methodist clergyman, president of Boston University from 1873. Paradise Found: the Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole; The True Key to Ancient Chronology; In the Footsteps of Arminius; Constitutional Law Questions in the Methodist Church; The Quest of the Perfect Religion; The Story of Gottlieb. Fl. Hou. Meth.

=Warriner, Edward Augustus.= Ms., 1829- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Montrose, Pennsylvania. Victor La Tourette; Kear, a Poem; I Am That I Am, a Metrical Essay.

=Warriner, Francis.= Ms., 1805-1866. A Congregational clergyman who was a United States naval chaplain, 1831-1834. The Cruise of the Potomac.

=Warrington.= See Robinson, W. S.

=Washburn, Charles Ames.= Me., 1822-1889. A diplomatist who was minister to Paraguay, 1863-68. The History of Paraguay; From Poverty to Competence: Graduated Taxation; Political Evolution; Philip Thaxter; Gomery of Montgomery. Le.

=Washburn, Edward Abiel.= Ms., 1819-1881. An Episcopal clergyman of Broad Church views, rector of Calvary Church, New York city. The Social Law of God; Voices from a Busy Life, a volume of verse; The Relation of the Episcopal Church to Other Bodies; Epochs of Church History; Beatitudes, and Other Sermons. Dut. Wh.

=Washburn, Emory.= Ms., 1800-1877. A lawyer of Worcester, 1828-56; was governor of Massachusetts, 1854-56; and professor of law in Harvard University, 1856-76. Sketches of the Judicial History of Massachusetts; History of Leicester, Massachusetts; Treatise on American Law of Real Property; American Law of Easements and Servitudes; Testimony of Experts; Lectures on the Study and Practice of the Law. Hou. Lit.

=Washburn, Francis.= N. Y., 1843- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Newburg, New York. Meditations on Charity; The Soul Athirst, and Other Sermons; Thoughts on the Lord’s Prayer. Wh.

=Washburn, Israel.= Me., 1813-1883. Brother of C. A. Washburn, supra; governor of Maine, 1861. Notes, Historical, Descriptive, and Personal, of Livermore, Maine. See Bibliography of Maine.

=Washburn, Peter Thacher.= Ms., 1814-1870. A lawyer of Woodstock, Vermont, and governor of his State in 1869. Reports of the Supreme Court of Vermont; Digest of All Cases in the Vermont Supreme Court.

=Washburn, William Tucker.= Ms., 1841- ----. A lawyer and novelist of New York city. Fair Harvard; The Unknown City, a story of New York; Spring and Summer, a collection of verse.

=Washburne, Elihu Benjamin.= Me., 1816-1887. Brother of C. A. Washburn, supra, but adding an “e” to the family name. A statesman who was secretary of state in 1869, and minister to France, 1869-77. Sketch of Edward Coles and the Slavery Struggle of 1823-24; Recollections of a Minister to France. Scr.

=Washington, Booker Taliaferro.= Va., 1856- ----. A distinguished educator of African descent, president of Tuskegee Institute in Alabama from 1881. Up from Slavery.

=Washington, Bushrod.= Va., 1762-1829. Nephew of G. Washington, infra. A jurist of Richmond, Virginia. Reports of Cases in the Virginia Court of Appeals; Reports of Cases in the United States Circuit Court, Third District, 1803-27. See Life by H. Binney, 1858.

=Washington, George.= Va., 1732-1799. The first president of the United States, and known to general literature by his Farewell Address. His writings, including his Diary and Correspondence, have been edited in fourteen volumes by W. C. Ford, supra. See United States histories; Lives by Marshall, Bancroft, Irving, Paulding, Sparks, Weems, Ramsay, E. E. Hale, Lodge, and many others; Allibone’s Dictionary. Put.

=Washington, Mrs. Lucy Hall [Walker].= Vt., 1835- ----. A temperance reformer and verse-writer, the wife of a Baptist clergyman at Port Jervis, New York. Echoes of Song; Memory’s Casket.

=Wasson, David Atwood.= Me., 1823-1887. A Unitarian clergyman of Massachusetts, prominent as a radical thinker, who lived at West Medford after his retirement from the ministry. Poems; Essays: Religious, Social, Political. See Memoir of, by O. B. Frothingham, supra. Le.

=Waterbury, Jared Bell.= N. Y., 1799-1876. A Presbyterian clergyman who was city missionary of Brooklyn. Advice to a Young Christian; Voyage of Life; Sketches of Eloquent Preachers; Southern Planters and Freedmen, are among his works.

=Waterhouse, Benjamin.= R. I., 1754-1846. A physician who was professor of medicine at Harvard University, 1783-1812, and of natural history at Brown University, 1784-91. Lectures on the Theory and Practice of Medicine; The Principles of Vitality; The Botanist; The Journal of a Young Man of Massachusetts, a novel.

=Waterman, Thomas Glasby.= N. Y., 1788-1862. A lawyer of Binghamton, New York, who published The Justice’s Manual.

=Waterman, Thomas Whitney.= N. Y., 1821-1898. Son of T. G. Waterman, supra. A lawyer of Binghamton, New York, who edited many law books and wrote, The Civil Jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in New York; Civil and Criminal Jurisdiction of Justices in Wisconsin and Iowa; Principles of Law and Equity; The Law of Set-Off; The Law of Trespass; The Law Relating to Specific Performance of Contracts; The Law of Corporations other than Municipal.

=Waters, Mrs. Clara [Erskine] [Clement].= Mo., 1834- ----. An art-writer of Boston. Handbook of Legendary and Mythological Art; Painters, Sculptors, Architects, Engravers, and their Works, a Handbook; Christian Symbols (with K. Conway, supra); Artists of the Nineteenth Century and their Works (with L. Hutton, supra); Life of Charlotte Cushman; Eleanor Maitland, a novel; Stories of Art and Artists; Naples, the City of Parthenope; Venice, Mediæval and Modern; Constantinople, the City of the Sultans; History of Painting for Beginners and Students; Rome the Eternal City. Est. Hou. Sto.

=Waters, Robert.= S., 1835- ----. An educator of Hoboken, New Jersey. Life of William Cobbett; Shakespeare Portrayed by Himself; How Genius Works its Wonders.

=Waterston, Mrs. Anne Cabot Lowell [Quincy].= Ms., 1812-1899. Wife of R. C. Waterston, infra, and daughter of J. Quincy (1772-1864), supra. Verses by A. C. Q. W.; Adelaide Phillipps, a Record.

=Waterston, Robert Cassie.= Me., 1812-1893. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston. Thoughts on Moral and Spiritual Culture; Arthur Lee and Tom Palmer.

=Watson, Beriah Andre.= N. Y., 1836-1892. A physician of Jersey City. Amputations and their Complications; The Sportsman’s Paradise, or the Lake Lands of Canada.

=Watson, Elkanah.= Ms., 1758-1842. A noted traveller and agriculturist. Men and Times of the Revolution, his best-known work, is mainly autobiographic. Other works of his are, Tour in Holland in 1784; History of the Canals in the State of New York from 1788 to 1819; Rise of Modern Agricultural Societies; History of Agricultural Societies on the Berkshire System.

=Watson, Henry Clay.= Md., 1831-1869. A journalist of Philadelphia, and subsequently of California. Camp-fires of the Revolution; Camp-fires of Napoleon; Romance of History; Lives of the Presidents; Nights in a Block-House; Old Bell of Independence; The Yankee Teapot; Heroic Women of History; Universal Naval History. Le. La.

=Watson, James Craig.= Ont., 1838-1880. A professor of astronomy in the University of Wisconsin at the time of his death. He discovered several asteroids and comets. Popular Treatise on Comets; Theoretical Astronomy; Simple and Compound Interest Tables.

=Watson, James Madison.= N. Y., 1827-1900. An educator of Elizabeth, New Jersey. Handbook of Gymnastics; Manual of Calisthenics, and a series of Independent Readers.

=Watson, John Fanning.= N. J., 1780-1860. A bookseller, and subsequently a banker, of Philadelphia. Historic Tales; Annals of Philadelphia.

=Watson, John Whittaker.= N. Y., 1824-1890. A journalist of New York city. Beautiful Snow and Other Poems; The Outcast and Other Poems.

=Watson, Paul Barron.= N. J., 1861- ----. Grandson of J. F. Watson, supra. A lawyer of Boston. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus; Bibliography of Pre-Columbian Discoveries of America; The Swedish Revolution under Gustavus Vasa, a very effective study of an important epoch in Swedish history. Har. Lit.

=Watson, Sereno.= Ct., 1826-1892. A noted botanist of Cambridge, curator of the Herbarium of Harvard University, 1888-92. Bibliographical Index of North American Botany; Botany of California (with Gray and Brewer).

=Watson, William.= Ms., 1834- ----. A professor of mechanical engineering. Technical Education; Course in Descriptive Geometry; Course in Shades and Shadows.

=Watson, Winslow Cossoul.= N. Y., 1803- ----. Son of E. Watson, supra. Treatise on Practical Husbandry; Pioneer History of the Champlain Valley; History of Essex County, New York.

=Watterson, George.= N. Y., 1783-1854. A Washington lawyer who was the first librarian of Congress. Letters from Washington; The Wanderer in Washington; Course of Study Preparatory to the Bar or Senate; The Lawyer, or Man as He Ought Not to Be.

=Watterson, Henry.= D. C., 1840- ----. A journalist of Louisville, long prominent as editor of The Courier-Journal. Oddities of Southern Life and Character.

=Wayland, Francis.= N. Y., 1796-1865. A Baptist clergyman eminent as a metaphysician, who was president of Brown University, 1827-55. Elements of Moral Science; Intellectual Philosophy; Human Responsibility; Elements of Political Economy; Occasional Discourses; Moral Law of Accumulation; Domestic Slavery Considered as a Scriptural Institution; Sermons to the Churches; Principles and Practice of Baptist Churches; Letters on the Ministry of the Gospel. See Allibone’s Dictionary; Lives by his sons, 1867, Murray, 1890.

=Wayland, Heman Lincoln.= R. I., 1830-1898. Son of F. Wayland, supra. A Baptist clergyman, editor of The National Baptist at Philadelphia, 1872-1894, and editor of The Examiner from 1894. Life and Labors of F. Wayland (with his brother); Faith and Works of Charles Spurgeon.

=Wayman, Alexander Washington.= Md., 1821-1895. An African Methodist bishop. My Recollections; Cyclopedia of African Methodism; Wayman on Discipline.

=Wead, Charles Kasson.= N. Y., 1848- ----. An electrician of Hartford. Aims and Methods of the Teaching of Physics; Lecture Notes on Sound and Light.

=Weaver, George Sumner.= Vt., 1818- ----. A Universalist clergyman. Lectures on Mental Science; Hopes and Helps for the Young; Aims and Aids for Girls; The Ways of Life; The Christian Household; The Open Way; Moses and Modern Science; The Heart of the Word; Lives and Graves of Our Presidents.

=Weaver, Jonathan.= O., 1824-1901. A clergyman of Ohio, bishop of the Church of the United Brethren. Discourses on the Resurrection; Ministerial Salary; Divine Providence; Universal Restoration not Sustained by the Word of God.

=Webb, Alexander Stewart.= N. Y., 1835- ----. Son of J. W. Webb, infra. The president of the College of the City of New York from 1869, and during the Civil War a general in the Federal army. The Peninsula; McClellan’s Campaign of 1862. Scr.

=Webb, Charles Henry.= “John Paul.” N. Y., 1834- ----. A journalist now living at Nantucket very popular as a humourist in the earlier part of his career. Liffith Lank; St. Twel’mo’; John Paul’s Book; Parodies in Prose and Verse; Vagrom Verse. See Hart’s American Literature. Hou.

=Webb, Mrs. Frances Isabel [Currie].= N. J., 1857-1895. A magazinist of New York city. A Tiff with the Tiffins; Gala Day Books; A Breath of Suspicion.

=Webb, James Watson.= N. Y., 1802-1884. A journalist of New York city, minister to Brazil, 1861-69. Altowan, or Life in the Rocky Mountains; Slavery and its Tendencies.

=Webber, Charles Wilkins.= Ky., 1819-1856. A journalist and traveller who was killed in Walker’s expedition in Nicaragua. Hunter-Naturalist; Tales of the Southern Border; Old Hicks the Guide; Gold Mines of the Gila; Shot in the Eye; Adventures with Texas Rifle Rangers; Wild Scenes and Song Birds; History of Mystery; Spiritual Vampirism; Texan Virago; Wild Girl of Nebraska; Romance of Natural History. See Bibliography of Texas. Lip.

=Webber, Samuel.= Ms., 1759-1810. An educator of Cambridge, professor of mathematics in Harvard University, 1789-1806, and president of the same, 1806-10. He published a System of Mathematics that was for a long time the only text-book on that subject in use in New England colleges.

=Webber, Samuel.= Ms., 1797-1880. Son of S. Webber, supra. A physician of Charlestown, New Hampshire. Zogan, an Indian Tale, in Verse; War, a Poem.

=Webster, Albert Falvey.= Ms., 1848-1876. A magazinist of New York city the best of whose short stories are, Little Majesty; An Operation in Money; Miss Eunice’s Glove.

=Webster, Daniel.= N. H., 1782-1852. A distinguished statesman who was a graduate of Dartmouth College in 1801. He represented New Hampshire in Congress, 1813-17, and, removing to Massachusetts in 1816, was a representative from that State, 1823-27. He was a member of the Senate, 1827-41 and 1845-50, and secretary of state, 1841-1843 and 1850-52. He died at Marshfield, Massachusetts, October 24, 1852. He was a master of English style, the best of his orations on especial occasions being those delivered at the second Pilgrim centennial in 1820, on the laying of the corner-stone of Bunker Hill Monument in 1825, and the eulogy of Adams and Jefferson in 1826. See Parton’s Famous Americans; Private Life of, by C. Lanman, supra; Whipple’s Great Speeches of Webster, 1879; Atlantic Monthly, February, 1882; Lives by Curtis, Lyman, Smucker, Everett, Fletcher Webster, Tefft, Lodge; Appletons’ American Biography; Johnson’s Universal Cyclopedia; Allibone’s Dictionary; Reminiscences of, by Harvey; Biographical Encyclopædia of Massachusetts. Co. Lit.

=Webster, John White.= Ms., 1793-1850. A chemist who was professor at Harvard University, 1824-50, and was tried and executed in 1850 for the murder of Dr. Parkman, supra. Description of the Island of St. Michael; Manual of Chemistry. See Reports of Trial by Bemis and Stone.

=Webster, Nathan Burnham.= N. H., 1821-1900. An educator of Norfolk, Virginia. Outlines of Chemistry.

=Webster, Noah.= Ct., 1758-1843. A famous lexicographer, best known by his Spelling Book and his American Dictionary of the English Language (1828). His great dictionary is still published, being revised and enlarged from time to time, and edited according to the principles laid down by its originator. The unabridged edition is now called the International Dictionary. Among his other works are included, A Philosophical and Practical Grammar of the English Language; The Prompter, or Common Sayings and Subjects; Rights of Neutrals; Dissertations on the English Language; A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language (1806). See North American Review, April, 1829; Life by H. E. Scudder, 1882; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Webster, Pelatiah.= Ct., 1725-1797. A once famous political economist of Philadelphia. Essays on Free Trade and Finance; Essay on Credit; Political Essay on the Nature and Operation of Money, are among his writings.

=Webster, Richard.= N. Y., 1811-1856. A Presbyterian clergyman, pastor at Mauch Chunk, 1835-56. History of the Presbyterian Church in America till 1760.

=Webster, Warren.= N. H., 1835-1896. An army surgeon during the Civil War. The Army Medical Staff; Sympathetic Diseases of the Eye, from the German of Mauthner.

=Weed, Clarence Moores.= O., 1864- ----. A professor of zoölogy and entomology at the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, Durham, New Hampshire. Ten New England Blossoms and their Insect Visitors; Insects and Insecticides; Fungi and Fungicides; Spraying Crops. Hou. Ju.

=Weed, Thurlow.= N. Y., 1797-1882. A journalist of note who founded The Albany Evening Journal in 1830. Letters from Europe; Autobiography. See Memoir by Thurlow Weed Barnes. Hou.

=Weeden, William Babcock.= R. I., 1834- ----. A woollen manufacturer of Providence. The Morality of Prohibitory Liquor Laws; Social Law of Labor; The Economic and Social History of New England, 1620-1789. Hou. Rob.

=Weeks, Edwin Lord.= Ms., 1849-1903. An artist of note. From the Black Sea through Persia and India. Har.

=Weeks, John M----.= Ct., 1788-1858. An inventor o£ Salisbury, Vermont. Manual on Bees; History of Salisbury.

=Weeks, Robert Kelley.= N. Y., 1840-1876. A lawyer and verse-writer of New York city whose poems are not without individuality and a very measurable degree of charm. Twenty Poems; Episodes and Lyric Pieces. Ho.

=Weeks, Stephen Beauregard.= N. C., 1865- ----. An historical writer. Bibliography of the Historical Literature of North Carolina; Church and State in North Carolina; The Press of North Carolina in the Eighteenth Century; Southern Quakers and Slavery. J. H. U.

=Weeks, William Raymond.= Ct., 1783-1848. A Presbyterian clergyman of Newark, New Jersey. Nine Sermons; Pilgrim’s Progress in the Nineteenth Century; Scripture Catechism.

=Weems, Mason Locke.= Va., 1759-1825. An Episcopal clergyman, famous as a book agent in his day, but at one time rector of Pohick Church, Mount Vernon, where Washington attended. He was an erratic personage whose regard for truth is far from being the strongest feature of his biographies. His Life of Washington, which as early as 1811 had reached an eleventh edition, is still the most popular life of its subject, as from some points of view it is the most entertaining. He wrote, also, Lives of Marion, Penn, and Franklin, which are as untrustworthy as his more noted performance. Lip.

=Weidemeyer, John William.= 1819-1896. A writer of New York city. Catalogue of North American Butterflies; Real and Ideal, a volume of verse; Themes and Translations; American Fish and How to Catch Them; From Alpha to Omega.

=Weidner, Revere Franklin.= Pa., 1851- ----. A Lutheran clergyman, professor of systematic theology at Augustana Seminary, Rock Island, 1885-1891, and subsequently at the Lutheran Seminary, Chicago. Commentary on Mark; Exegetical Theology; Historical Theology; System of Dogmatic Theology; Grammar of New Testament Greek; Commentary on the Hebrew Text of Obadiah; Method for Study of New Testament Greek. Scr.

=Weir, James.= Ky., 1821- ----. A Kentucky romancer. Lonz Powers, or the Regulators; Simon Kenton; Winter Lodge.

=Weir, John Ferguson.= N. Y., 1841- ----. The director of the School of Fine Arts at Yale University from 1869, and professor of painting and design there. The Way: the Nature and Means of Revelation. Hou.

=Weiss= [wīss], =John.= Ms., 1818-1879. A Unitarian clergyman of very radical views who was pastor at Watertown, Massachusetts, and was prominent as an abolitionist. Wit, Humor, and Shakespeare; American Religion; The Immortal Life; Life of Theodore Parker. Rob.

=Weiss, Mrs. Susan Archer [Talley].= Va., 1835- ----. A verse-writer of New York city whose poems were first collected in 1859.

=Weisse, John Adam.= F., 1810-1888. A philologist, born in Lorraine, who came to America in 1840, and ten years later settled in New York city, where he was president of the New York Philological Society. Key to the French Language; Origin, Progress, and Destiny of the English Language and Literature; The Obelisk and Freemasonry.

=Welby, Mrs. Amelia [Coppuck].= Md., 1819-1852. A versifier of Louisville whose sentimental lyrics attained an extraordinary popularity in their author’s lifetime. Poems by Amelia. See Griswold’s Female Poets of America; Coggeshall’s Poets of the West.

=Welch, Adonijah Strong.= Ct., 1821-1889. A lawyer and educator of Michigan and Iowa, president of Iowa Agricultural College, 1869-83. Analysis of the English Sentence; Object Lessons; Talks on Psychology; The Teacher’s Psychology.

=Welch, John.= O., 1805- ----. A jurist of Ohio. Mathematical Curiosities; Index Digest of Ohio Decisions.

=Welch, Philip Henry.= N. Y., 1849-1889. A journalist and humourist of New York city. The Tailor-made Girl; Said In Fun. Scr.

=Welch, Ransom Bethune.= N. Y., c. 1825-1890. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of Christian theology at Auburn Seminary. Faith and Modern Thought; Outlines of Christian Theology.

=Welch, William Henry.= Ct., 1850- ----. A Baltimore physician, professor of pathology in Johns Hopkins University from 1884. General Pathology of Fever.

=Weld, Mrs. Angelina Emily [Grimke].= S. C., 1805-1879. Wife of T. D. Weld, infra, and daughter of J. F. Grimke, supra. Letters to Catharine Beecher, a review of the slavery question; Appeal to the Christian Women of the South; Sacred Palmlands.

=Weld, Horatio Hastings.= Ms., 1811-1888. An Episcopal clergyman of Riverton, New Jersey. Corrected Proofs; Life of Christ; Women of the Scriptures.

=Weld, Theodore Dwight.= Ct., 1803-1895. A reformer of Boston, long prominent as an abolitionist. The Bible Against Slavery; American Slavery As It Is; Slavery and the Internal Slave Trade in the United States.

=Weller, George.= Ms., 1790-1841. An Episcopal clergyman once prominent in Tennessee and Mississippi. Vindication of the Church; The Weller Tracts.

=Welles, Charles Stuart.= N. Y., 1848- ----. A physician who has published Bohème (verse); Lilian; The New Marriage and Other Uniform Laws.

=Welles, Gideon.= Ct., 1808-1878. A journalist and politician, secretary of the navy, 1861-69. Lincoln and Seward.

=Wellington, Arthur Mellen.= Ms., 1847-1895. A civil engineer of distinction. The Computation of Earthwork from Diagrams; The Economic Theory of the Location of Railways; Car-Builders’ Dictionary; Field Work of Railway Location. See Annual Cyclopædia, 1895. Wil.

=Wells, Mrs. Catherine Boott [Gannett].= E., 1838- ----. Daughter of E. S. Gannett, supra. A Boston essayist and novelist who has contributed largely to periodicals. In the Clearings; Miss Curtis; Two Modern Women; About People, a collection of essays; several Sunday-school manuals of ethics and normal methods. Hou. Lip.

=Wells, David Ames.= Ms., 1828-1898. A distinguished writer on economics. Familiar Science; Science of Common Things; Our Merchant Marine; Primer of Tariff Reform; Practical Economics; Local Taxation; Robinson Crusoe’s Money; Study of Mexico; Recent Economic Changes; Relation of the Tariff to Wages; Principles of Taxation; Production and Distribution of Wealth. Ap. Har. Put.

=Wells, Henry Parkhurst.= R. I., 1842- ----. A lawyer of New York city. City Boys in the Woods; Fly Rods and Fly Tackle; The American Salmon Fisherman. Har.

=Wells, J---- C----.= 18-- - ----. A legal writer of Ohio. Delineation of the Law of Limitation in Illinois; My Uncle Toby: his Table Talks and Reflections; Questions of Law and Fact; Treatise on the Doctrines of Res Adjudicata and Stare Decisis; On the Separate Property of Married Women under the Separate Enabling Acts; E Pluribus Unum; Magna Charta, or the Rise and Progress of Constitutional Civil Liberty in England and America; The Jurisdiction of Courts; Powers and Duties of Ohio County Commissioners.

=Wells, Mrs. Kate Gannett.= See Wells, Mrs. Catherine.

=Wells, Samuel Roberts.= Ct., 1820-1875. A phrenologist of New York city, long a member of the publishing house of Fowler & Wells. The New Physiognomy; Wedlock, or the Right Relations of the Sexes.

=Wells, William Harvey.= Ct., 1812-1885. An educator of Chicago, superintendent of the city public schools, 1856-64. Historical Authorship of English Grammar; several popular text-books on English Grammar.

=Wells, William Vincent.= Ms., 1826- ----. Great-grandson of S. Adams, supra. Explorations in Honduras; Walker’s Expedition to Nicaragua; Life of Samuel Adams.

=Welsh, Alfred Hix.= O., 1850-1889. A professor of English in Ohio State University from 1885. Development of English Literature and Language; English Literature in the Eighteenth Century; The Conflict of Ages; Man and His Relations; Plane Trigonometry. Sil. Sc.

=Welsh, Herbert.= Pa., 1851- ----. A philanthropist of Philadelphia, prominent as a champion of the rights of the Indians. Civilization among the Sioux Indians; Four Weeks among some of the Sioux Tribes; A Visit to the Navajo, Pueblo, and Hualpais Indians.

=Wendell, Barrett.= Ms., 1855- ----. An assistant professor of English at Harvard University. The Duchess Emilia, a romance; Rankell’s Remains, a novel; Life of Cotton Mather, supra; English Composition; Stelligeri, and Other Essays; William Shakspere, a Study in Elizabethan Literature; Ralegh in Guiana, a play. Do. Scr.

=Wesselhoeft, Conrad.= G., 1834- ----. A well-known homœopathic physician of Boston, professor of pathology and therapeutics in the Boston University School of Medicine, who has translated Hahnemann’s Organon and contributed extensively to homœopathic journals.

=Wesselhoeft, Mrs. Elizabeth Foster [Pope].= Ms., 1840- ----. Wife of C. Wesselhoeft, supra. A Boston writer of popular juvenile tales. Jerry the Blunderer; Sparrow the Tramp; Flipwing the Spy; Old Rough the Miser; The Winds, the Woods, and the Wanderer; Frowzle, the Runaway. Rob.

=West, Andrew Fleming.= Pa., 1853- ----. A professor of Latin in Princeton College from 1883. The Philobiblion of Richard de Bury; Alcuin and the Rise of the Christian Schools. Scr.

=West, Mary Allen.= Il., 1837-1892. An Illinois educator who was Knox County superintendent of schools, 1873-1892. Childhood: its Care and Culture.

=West, Nathaniel.= I., 1794-1864. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia. The Ark of God the Safety of the Nation; Popery the Prop of European Despotism; Babylon the Great; Right and Left Hand Blessings of God; Complete Analysis of the Whole Bible.

=West, Stephen.= Ct., 1735-1819. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 1759-1819. Essay on Moral Agency; Life of Reverend Samuel Hopkins, supra; Evidence of the Divinity of Christ; Duty and Obligation of Christians to Marry Only in the Lord. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Westcott, Thompson.= Pa., 1820-1888. A Philadelphia journalist, editor of The Sunday Dispatch, 1848-84. Life of John Fitch, the Inventor of the Steamboat; The Tax-payer’s Guide; Official Guide to Philadelphia; Historic Mansions of Philadelphia. Co.

=Weston, Mrs. Mary Catherine [North].= N. Y., 1822-1882. Calvary Catechism; Synopsis of the Bible; Jewish Antiquities; Biography of Old and New Testament Characters. Dut.

=Weston, Roxana.= 1800-1891. A verse-writer of Skowhegan, Maine, whose poems were published in 1889.

=Wetherell, Elizabeth.= See Warner, Susan.

=Wetherill, Charles Mayer.= Pa., 1825-1871. A professor of chemistry at Lehigh University, 1866-71; The Manufacture of Vinegar.

=Wetherill, Julie K.= See Baker, Mrs. J.

=Wetmore, Mrs. Elizabeth [Bisland].= Ts., 1863- ----. A journalist of New York city. A Flying Trip Around the World. Har.

=Wetmore, Prosper Montgomery.= Ct., 1798-1876. A once prominent citizen of New York city. Lexington, and Other Fugitive Poems; Observations on the War with Mexico.

=Wharey, James.= N. C., 1789-1842. A Presbyterian clergyman of Goochland County, Virginia. Baptism; Sketches of Church History. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit.

=Wharton, Anne Hollingsworth.= Pa., 1845- ----. A Philadelphia writer. The Wharton Family; Virgilia; St. Bartholomew’s Eve; Colonial Days and Dames; Through Colonial Doorways; A Last Century Maid, and Other Stories for Children; Martha Washington, a biography. Lip. Scr.

=Wharton, Charles Henry.= Md., 1748-1833. An Episcopal clergyman of Burlington, New Jersey, rector of St. Mary’s Church, 1798-1833. Reply to Bishop Carroll’s Address to the Roman Catholics of America; Proofs of the Divinity of Christ; Concise View of the Principal Points of Controversy between Protestant and Roman Catholic churches.

=Wharton, Francis.= Pa., 1820-1889. Son of T. I. Wharton, infra. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston, professor of ecclesiastical and international law in the Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge. Criminal Law of the United States; Medical Jurisprudence; State Trials of the United States; The Silence of Scripture; Treatise on Theism; Precedents of Indictments; The Law of Homicide in the United States; The Conflict of Laws; Law of Agency and Agents; Digest of International Law (with M. Stillé, supra); The Law of Negligence; Commentary on the Law of Evidence in Civil Issues; The Law of Contracts. Lip.

=Wharton, Henry.= Pa., 1827-1880. Son of T. I. Wharton, infra. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Practical and Elementary Treatise on the Law of Vicinage.

=Wharton, Thomas Isaac.= Pa., 1791-1856. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Digest of Cases in United States Court, Third District; Reports of Cases in Pennsylvania Supreme Court; Memoir of William Rawle, supra.

=Wharton, Thomas Isaac.= Pa., 1859-1896. Son of H. Wharton, supra. A journalist. A Latter Day Saint; Hannibal of New York; Bobbo.

=Wheat, John Thomas.= D. C., 1800-1888. An Episcopal clergyman in Tennessee who published a very popular Preparation for Holy Communion.

=Wheatley, Charles Moore.= E., 1822-1882. A mineralogist of Phœnixville, Pennsylvania, who published a Catalogue of the Shells of the United States.

=Wheatley, Phillis.= See Peters, Mrs.

=Wheatley, Richard.= E., 1831- ----. A Methodist clergyman of New Jersey. Cathedrals and Abbeys in Great Britain and Ireland. Har.

=Wheaton, Henry.= R. I., 1785-1848. A diplomatist and an eminent authority upon international law, chargé d’affaires to Denmark, 1827-35, minister to Prussia, 1835-45. History of the Progress of the Law of Nations; Elements of International Law (completed by Lawrence); History of the Northmen; Reports of Cases in United States Supreme Court; Digest of Supreme Court Decisions from 1789 to 1820; Life of William Pinkney in Sparks’s American Biography. See Westminster Review, July, 1847; Allibone’s Dictionary.

=Whedon, Daniel Denison.= N. Y., 1808-1885. A Methodist clergyman, editor of The Methodist Quarterly Review, 1856-84. The Freedom of the Will; Commentary on the New Testament; Commentary on the Old Testament; Essays, Reviews, and Discourses; Statements: Theological and Critical. Meth.

=Wheeler, Andrew Carpenter.= “Nym Crynkle.” N. Y., 1835-1903. A dramatic and musical critic of New York city. The Chronicles of Milwaukee; The Twins, a comedy; The Primrose Path of Dalliance, a theatrical tale.

=Wheeler, Benjamin Ide.= Ms., 1854- ----. A professor of comparative philology at Cornell University from 1886, and of Greek also from 1888. Life of Alexander the Great; The Greek Noun Accents; Introduction to Study of History and Language. Put.

=Wheeler, Charles Gardiner.= Ms., 1855- ----. Nephew of W. A. Wheeler, infra. A writer formerly of Winchendon, Massachusetts, and later of Topsham, Maine. Who Wrote It? a literary index, and Familiar Allusions, both begun by his uncle, were completed by him. The Course of Empire: Outlines of the Chief Political Changes in the History of the World. Hou.

=Wheeler, Charles Stearns.= Me., 1816-1843. A classical scholar who published an edition of Herodotus from the text of Schweighäuser.

=Wheeler, Crosby Howard.= Me., 1823-1896. A missionary to Turkey. Little Children in Eden; Letters from Eden; Ten Years on the Euphrates; Odds and Ends; Grace Illustrated.

=Wheeler, David Hilton.= N. Y., 1829-1902. A Methodist clergyman, president of Allegheny College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, 1883-87. Brigandage in South Italy; By-Ways of Literature; Our Industrial Utopia and its Unhappy Citizens. Mg.

=Wheeler, Henry Nathan.= Ms., 1850- ----. Formerly an instructor in mathematics at Harvard University and now engaged in educational publishing work in Boston. Plane and Spherical Trigonometry; The Elements of Logarithms; Second Lessons in Arithmetic. Gi. Hou.

=Wheeler, John Hill.= N. C., 1806-1882. A diplomatist who was minister to Nicaragua, 1854-57. History of North Carolina; Legislative Manual of North Carolina; Reminiscences and Memoirs of North Carolina.

=Wheeler, Junius Brutus.= N. C., 1830-1886. Brother of J. H. Wheeler, supra. A military engineer, professor at West Point, 1866-85. Civil Engineering; Art and Science of War; Elements of Field Fortifications; Military Engineering.

=Wheeler, Mrs. Mary Sparks.= E., 1835- ----. A Philadelphia writer. Poems for the Fireside; Modern Cosmogony and the Bible. Meth.

=Wheeler, William Adolphus.= Ms., 1833-1874. A librarian of Boston who, besides editing an edition of Webster’s Dictionary, was author of Noted Names of Fiction; Familiar Allusions; Who Wrote It? a literary index. Hou. Le.

=Wheelwright, John Tyler.= Ms., 1856- ----. A Boston lawyer. Rollo’s Journey to Cambridge (with F. Stimson, supra); A Child of the Century, a novel; A Bad Penny. Lam. Scr.

=Wheildon, William Willder.= Ms., 1805-1892. A journalist of Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1827-70, and long a resident of Concord, in the same State. Letters from Nahant; Contributions to Thought; New History of the Battle of Bunker Hill; The Arctic Regions; Curiosities of History.

=Whelan, James.= I., 1823-1878. A Roman Catholic bishop of Nashville. Catena Aurena, or Papal Infallibility no Novelty.

=Whelpley, Samuel.= Ms., 1766-1817. A Baptist clergyman (from 1806 Presbyterian) and educator of New Jersey. Letters on Capital Punishment; a once popular Compend of History; The Triangle, a theological discussion.

=Whipple, Edwin Percy.= Ms., 1819-1886. A Boston essayist and critic, whose writing was as discriminating as it was vigourous and epigrammatic in style. Character and Characteristic Men; Literature and Life; Essays and Reviews; Success and its Conditions; Literature of the Age of Elizabeth; Recollections of Eminent Men, with Other Papers; American Literature, and Other Papers; Outlooks on Society, Literature, and Politics; Rufus Choate, a volume of personal recollections. Har. Hou.

=Whipple, Squire.= Ms., 1804-1888. A civil engineer of note. The Way to Happiness; Treatise on Bridge Building; The Doctrine of Central Forces.

=Whistler, James Abbott McNeill.= Ms., 1834-1903. An artist who from 1863 to 1892 lived in London, and in Paris from the latter date. Ten O’Clock; The Gentle Art of Making Enemies. Hou.

=Whitaker, Alexander.= E., 1588-after 1613. An Episcopal clergyman who came to Virginia in 1611. He baptized Pocahontas, and officiated at her wedding. Good Newes from Virginia, one of the very first books written in the colony. See Tyler’s American Literature.

=Whitaker, Epher.= N. J., 1820- ----, A Presbyterian clergyman, pastor at Southold, Long Island, from 1851. The War of Death; New Fruits from an Old Field; Ready for Duty; Collection of Original Hymns; History of Southold, 1640-1740; Old Town Records.

=Whitaker, Mrs. Mary Scrimgeour [Furman] [Miller].= S. C., 1820- ----. A New Orleans writer. Poems; Albert Hasting, a novel.

=Whitaker, Nathaniel.= L. I., 1732-1795. A Presbyterian clergyman in New England and Virginia, popular in the colonial period. Discourses on Reconciliation; Discourses on Toryism, which were widely read.

=Whitcher, Mrs. Frances Miriam [Berry].= N. Y., 1812-1852. A still popular humourist who was the wife of an Episcopal clergyman in Elmira, New York. The Widow Bedott Papers; Widow Spriggins, and Other Sketches.

=White, Andrew Dickson.= N. Y., 1832- ----. A distinguished diplomatist and educator, minister to Germany, 1879-81, and to Russia, 1892, president of Cornell University, 1867-85, appointed ambassador to Germany in 1897. Lectures on Mediæval and Modern History; The New Germany; History of the Doctrine of Comets; European Schools of History and Politics; Studies in General History; Paper Money Inflation in France; The Warfare of Science with Theology. Ap.

=White, Carlos.= Vt., 1842- ----. Ecce Femina, an Attempt to Solve the Woman Question.

=White, Catherine Ann.= N. Y., 1825-1878. A former Superior of the Convent of the Sacred Heart, New York city. The Students’ Mythology; Classical Literature; Bible Literature.

=White, Charles.= Ind., 1795-1861. A Congregational clergyman and educator, president of Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Indiana, 1841-1861. Essays in Literature and Ethics.

=White, Charles Abiathar.= Ms., 1826- ----. The State geologist of Iowa, 1865-70, and on the United States Geological Survey from 1882. Report of Iowa Geological Survey; Physical Geography of Iowa.

=White, Charles Ignatius.= Md., 1807-1877. A Roman Catholic clergyman of Washington, long pastor of St. Matthew’s Church. Life of Mrs. Eliza Seton, supra. He translated, from the French, Chateaubriand’s Genius of Christianity, and other works.

=White, Daniel Appleton.= Ms., 1776-1861. A jurist of Salem, Massachusetts. The Jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Court of Probate; New England Congregationalism in its Origin and Purity; Eulogy on Nathaniel Bowditch.

=White, Eliza Orne.= N. H., 1856- ----. A writer of Brookline, Massachusetts. Miss Brooks; When Molly was Six, a juvenile tale; Winterborough; A Little Girl of Long Ago; The Coming of Theodora. _Hou. Rob._

=White, Mrs. Ellen G---- [Harmon].= Me., 1828- ----. Wife of James White, infra. The Spirit of Prophecy.

=White, Emerson Eldridge.= O., 1829-1902. An Ohio educator, superintendent of the Cincinnati public schools from 1883. The Elements of Pedagogy; School Management.

=White, Greenough.= Ms., 1863-1901. An Episcopal clergyman and educator, professor of English at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, 1885-1887, and professor of ecclesiastical history and polity there from 1894. Sketch of the Philosophy of American Literature; The Rise of Papal Supremacy; Outline of the Philosophy of English Literature. Gi.

=White, Henry.= Ms., 1790-1858. A Congregational clergyman of Maine and New Hampshire, who published, The Early History of New England.

=White, Henry Clay.= Md., 1850- ----. The State chemist of Georgia from 1880. Complete History of the Cotton Plant; Elementary Geology of Tennessee (with MacAdoo).

=White, Horace.= N. H., 1834- ----. A journalist, editor of The Chicago Tribune, 1864-74, and since 1883 one of the editors of The New York Evening Post. The Silver Question; The Tariff Question; Coin’s Financial Fool; Money and Banking Illustrated by American History; The Gold Standard. Gi.

=White, James.= Me., 1821- ----. A Seventh Day Adventist elder who published Life Incidents of the Great Advent Movement.

=White, James Terry.= Ms., 1845- ----. A publisher of New York city, but formerly a resident of San Francisco. His volumes of original verse comprise, Christmas Greeting; Bouquet of California Flowers; Flowers from Arcady; Captive Memories.

=White, John.= Ms., 1677-1760. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Gloucester, Massachusetts, 1703-60. The Gospel Treasure in Earthen Vessels; New England’s Lamentations for the Decay of Godliness (1735).

=White, John Blake.= S. C., 1781-1857. An artist, lawyer, and dramatist of Charleston. Foscari; Mysteries of the Castle; Intemperance; Modern Honor; Triumph of Liberty.

=White, John Silas.= Ms., 1847- ----. An educator of New York city, master of the Berkeley School from 1880. Boys’ and Girls’ Plutarch; Herodotus and Pliny. Gi.

=White, John Williams.= O., 1849- ----. A professor of Greek at Harvard University from 1877. Greek and Latin at Sight; First Lessons in Greek; The Beginner’s Greek Book; An Illustrated Dictionary to Xenophon’s Anabasis (with M. H. Morgan). Gi.

=White, Matthew.= N. Y., 1857- ----. An editor and novelist of New York city. One of the Profession; The Affair at Islington; A Born Aristocrat.

=White, Pliny Holton.= Ct., 1822-1869. A Unitarian clergyman of Coventry, Vermont, but prior to 1859 a lawyer there. History of Coventry.

=White, Mrs. Rhoda Elizabeth [Waterman].= 18-- - ----. Portraits of My Married Friends; From Infancy to Womanhood, a Book for Young Mothers; What Will the World Say?

=White, Richard Grant.= N. Y., 1822-1885. An eminent Shakespearean scholar and littérateur of New York city. His critical twelve-volume edition of Shakespeare appeared in 1865, and the Riverside edition in 1883. His original works comprise, Words and Their Uses; Every-Day English; England Without and Within; Biographical and Critical Handbook of Christian Art; Shakespeare’s Scholar; Memoirs of Shakespeare; Studies in Shakespeare; The New Gospel of Peace, a political satire; Revelations: a Companion to The New Gospel of Peace; The Fate of Mansfield Humphreys, a novel; The Fall of Man, or the Loves of the Gorillas; The American View of the Copyright Question; The Chronicles of Gotham. See Atlantic Monthly, February, 1882; Foley’s American Authors. Hou.

=White, Sallie Joy.= See White, Mrs. Sarah.

=White, Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth [Joy].= Me., 18-- - ----. A Boston journalist. Housekeepers and Homemakers; Business Openings for Girls. Lo.

=White, William.= Pa., 1748-1836. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Pennsylvania. Memoir of the Episcopal Church; Lectures on the Catechism; Comparative View of the Controversy Between Calvinists and Arminians, are among his writings. See Life by Bird Wilson, 1839; Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit. Dut.

=White, William Allen.= Ks., 1868- ----. The Real Issue, and Other Stories; Stratagems and Spoils.

=White, William Charles.= Ms., 1777-1818. A lawyer and dramatist of Worcester, Massachusetts. The Country Cousin; The Poor Lodger; Compendium of the Laws of Massachusetts.

=White, William N----.= N. Y., 1819-1861. A bookseller of Athens, Georgia, who edited The Southern Cultivator. Gardening for the South; Scientific Gardening.

=Whitehead, Charles Edward.= N. Y., 1829- ----. The Campfires of the Everglades, or Wild Sports in the South.

=Whitehead, William Adee.= N. J., 1810-1884. A prominent citizen of Newark, New Jersey. Biographical Sketch of William Franklin; Contributions to the Early History of Perth Amboy; East Jersey Under the Proprietary Governments.

=Whiteley, Mrs. Isabel [Nixon].= N. Y., 1859- ----. A Philadelphia writer. The Falcon of Langéac, a romance. Cop.

=Whitfield, Henry.= E., 1597-1658. A Puritan clergyman who came to New England in 1637, and was one of the founders of the New Haven colony. He returned to England in 1650. Helps to stir up to Christian Duties; The Light Appearing; Strength out of Weakness.

=Whiting, Charles Goodrich.= Vt., 1842- ----. A journalist of Springfield, Massachusetts, on the editorial staff of The Republican. The Saunterer: Essays on Nature. Hou.

=Whiting, Henry.= Ms., c. 1790-1851. A United States army officer. Otway, the Son of the Forest, a Poem; Sanilæ, a Poem; The Age of Steam; Life of Zebulon Pike, in Sparks’s American Biography.

=Whiting, Lilian.= N. Y., 1855- ----. A Boston journalist. From Dreamland Sent, verse; The World Beautiful, two collections of essays; After her Death; A Study of Elizabeth Barrett Browning; Kate Field: A Record. Lit.

=Whiting, Samuel.= E., 1597-1679. A Puritan clergyman, pastor at Lynn, Massachusetts, 1636-79. Oratio quam Comitijs Cantab. Americanis, etc.; The Last Judgment; Abraham Interceding for Sodom.

=Whiting, William.= Ms., 1813-1873. Descendant of S. Whiting, supra. A Boston jurist whose chief work, The War Powers of the President and the Legislative Powers of Congress, has been widely read. See Duyckinck’s American Literature. Le.

=Whitlock, George Clinton.= Vt., 1808- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Iowa. Elements of Geometry; New System of Surveying.

=Whitman, Bernard.= Ms., 1796-1834. A Unitarian clergyman, pastor at Waltham, Massachusetts, 1826-34, and prominent as a controversialist. On Denying the Lord Jesus; Letters on Religious Liberty; Village Sermons; Friendly Letters to a Universalist. See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit; Memoir by J. Whitman, infra.

=Whitman, Charles Otis.= Me., 1842- ----. A naturalist of note, head professor of zoölogy in the University of Chicago from 1892. He established The Journal of Morphology in 1887. Methods of Research in Microscopical Anatomy and Embryology.

=Whitman, Jason.= Ms., 1798-1848. Brother of B. Whitman, supra. A Unitarian clergyman of Portland, Maine. Memoir of B. Whitman, supra; Young Man’s Assistant; Young Lady’s Aid to Usefulness; Week Day Religion; Discussions on the Lord’s Prayer.

=Whitman, Mrs. Sarah Helen [Power].= R. I., 1813-1878. A poet of Providence whose Still Day in Autumn, her finest effort, still finds an honoured place in anthologies. Hours of Life, and Other Poems; Edgar Poe and his Critics. A complete edition of her poems appeared in 1879. See Easy Chair of Harper’s Magazine, September, 1878.

=Whitman, Walter= [commonly =Walt=]. N. Y., 1819-1892. A poet regarding whose claims to the title much controversy has raged. During the Civil War he served as a volunteer nurse in the Washington hospitals, and, after holding a government clerkship till 1873, removed to Camden, New Jersey, where the rest of his life was passed. Leaves of Grass, his first book, appeared in 1855, a vigourous protest against established rules of versification in its utter formlessness. Drum Taps, which included the now famous Lincoln elegies, When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed, and O Captain, My Captain, followed in 1865. The republication of his poems in England in 1868 aroused instant attention there, and excited extravagant praise in some quarters. His rejection of rhyme and metre will probably always repel the mass of readers. His later works include, After All Not to Create Only; A Passage to India; As a Strong Bird on Pinions Free; Two Rivulets; November Boughs; Good Bye My Fancy; Sands at Seventy; Specimen Days and Collect; in prose, Franklin Evans, or the Inebriate; Democratic Vistas; Memoranda During the War. See O’Connor’s Good Gray Poet; Burroughs’s Notes on Whitman, and Study of Whitman; Walt Whitman, by R. M. Bucke; Whitman, by W. Clarke; Whitman: a Study of Democracy, by Triggs; Whitman: a Study, by J. H. Symonds; Annual Cyclopedia, 1892; Life of by W. S. Kennedy, supra; Cheney’s That Dome in Air; In Re Walt Whitman; Foley’s American Authors; T. Donaldson’s Walt Whitman the man.

=Whitmarsh, Caroline.= See Guild, Mrs.

=Whitmore, William Henry.= Ms., 1836-1900. A genealogist of Boston. American Genealogy; Elements of Heraldry; History of the Old State House, Boston; and many genealogies.

Spotted a typo or a problem in this chapter? Tell us