XIX. The Birth Of The Princes…

XIX. The Birth Of The Princes

The seasons six in rapid flight Had circled since that glorious rite. Eleven months had passed away; ’Twas Chaitra’s ninth returning day.(130) The moon within that mansion shone Which Aditi looks kindly on. Raised to their apex in the sky Five brilliant planets beamed on high. Shone with the moon, in Cancer’s sign, Vṛihaspati(131) with light divine. Kauśalyá bore an infant blest With heavenly marks of grace impressed; Ráma, the universe’s lord, A prince by all the worlds adored. New glory Queen Kauśalyá won Reflected from her splendid son. So Aditi shone more and more, The Mother of the Gods, when she The King of the Immortals(132) bore, The thunder-wielding deity. The lotus-eyed, the beauteous boy, He came fierce Rávaṇ to destroy; From half of Vishṇu’s vigour born, He came to help the worlds forlorn. And Queen Kaikeyí bore a child Of truest valour, Bharat styled, With every princely virtue blest, One fourth of Vishṇu manifest. Sumitrá too a noble pair, Called Lakshmaṇ and Śatrughna, bare, Of high emprise, devoted, true, Sharers in Vishṇu’s essence too. ’Neath Pushya’s(133) mansion, Mina’s(134) sign, Was Bharat born, of soul benign. The sun had reached the Crab at morn When Queen Sumitrá’s babes were born, What time the moon had gone to make His nightly dwelling with the Snake. The high-souled monarch’s consorts bore At different times those glorious four, Like to himself and virtuous, bright As Proshṭhapadá’s(135) four-fold light. Then danced the nymphs’ celestial throng, The minstrels raised their strain; The drums of heaven pealed loud and long, And flowers came down in rain. Within Ayodhyá, blithe and gay, All kept the joyous holiday. The spacious square, the ample road With mimes and dancers overflowed, And with the voice of music rang Where minstrels played and singers sang, And shone, a wonder to behold, With dazzling show of gems and gold. Nor did the king his largess spare, For minstrel, driver, bard, to share; Much wealth the Bráhmans bore away, And many thousand dine that day.

Soon as each babe was twelve days old ’Twas time the naming rite to hold. When Saint Vaśishṭha, rapt with joy, Assigned a name to every boy. Ráma, to him the high-souled heir, Bharat, to him Kaikeyí bare: Of Queen Sumitrá one fair son Was Lakshmaṇ, and Śatrughna(136) one Ráma, his sire’s supreme delight, Like some proud banner cheered his sight, And to all creatures seemed to be The self-existent deity. All heroes, versed in holy lore, To all mankind great love they bore. Fair stores of wisdom all possessed, With princely graces all were blest. But mid those youths of high descent, With lordly light preëminent. Like the full moon unclouded, shone Ráma, the world’s dear paragon. He best the elephant could guide.(137) Urge the fleet car, the charger ride: A master he of bowman’s skill, Joying to do his father’s will. The world’s delight and darling, he Loved Lakshmaṇ best from infancy And Lakshmaṇ, lord of lofty fate, Upon his elder joyed to wait, Striving his second self to please With friendship’s sweet observances. His limbs the hero ne’er would rest Unless the couch his brother pressed; Except beloved Ráma shared He could not taste the meal prepared. When Ráma, pride of Reghu’s race, Sprang on his steed to urge the chase, Behind him Lakshmaṇ loved to go And guard him with his trusty bow. As Ráma was to Lakshmaṇ dear More than his life and ever near, So fond Śatrughna prized above His very life his Bharat’s love. Illustrious heroes, nobly kind In mutual love they all combined, And gave their royal sire delight With modest grace and warrior might: Supported by the glorious four Shone Daśaratha more and more, As though, with every guardian God Who keeps the land and skies, The Father of all creatures trod The earth before men’s eyes.

XX. Visvámitra’s Visit

Now Daśaratha’s pious mind Meet wedlock for his sons designed; With priests and friends the king began To counsel and prepare his plan. Such thoughts engaged his bosom, when, To see Ayodhyá’s lord of men, A mighty saint of glorious fame, The hermit Viśvámitra(138) came. For evil fiends that roam by night Disturbed him in each holy rite, And in their strength and frantic rage Assailed with witcheries the sage. He came to seek the monarch’s aid To guard the rites the demons stayed, Unable to a close to bring One unpolluted offering. Seeking the king in this dire strait He said to those who kept the gate: “Haste, warders, to your master run, And say that here stands Gádhi’s son.”

Soon as they heard the holy man, To the king’s chamber swift they ran With minds disordered all, and spurred To wildest zeal by what they heard. On to the royal hall they sped, There stood and lowly bowed the head, And made the lord of men aware That the great saint was waiting there. The king with priest and peer arose And ran the sage to meet, As Indra from his palace goes Lord Brahmá’s self to greet. When glowing with celestial light The pious hermit was in sight, The king, whose mien his transport showed, The honoured gift for guests bestowed. Nor did the saint that gift despise, Offered as holy texts advise; He kindly asked the earth’s great king How all with him was prospering. The son of Kuśik(139) bade him tell If all in town and field were well, All well with friends, and kith and kin, And royal treasure stored within: “Do all thy neighbours own thy sway? Thy foes confess thee yet? Dost thou continue still to pay To Gods and men each debt?” Then he, of hermits first and best, Vaśishṭha with a smile(140) addressed, And asked him of his welfare too, Showing him honour as was due. Then with the sainted hermit all Went joyous to the monarch’s hall, And sate them down by due degree, Each one, of rank and dignity. Joy filled the noble prince’s breast Who thus bespoke the honoured guest: “As amrit(141) by a mortal found, As rain upon the thirsty ground, As to an heirless man a son Born to him of his precious one, As gain of what we sorely miss, As sudden dawn of mighty bliss, So is thy coming here to me: All welcome, mighty Saint, to thee. What wish within thy heart hast thou? If I can please thee, tell me how. Hail, Saint, from whom all honours flow, Worthy of all I can bestow. Blest is my birth with fruit to-day, Nor has my life been thrown away. I see the best of Bráhman race And night to glorious morn gives place. Thou, holy Sage, in days of old Among the royal saints enrolled, Didst, penance-glorified, within The Bráhman caste high station win. ’Tis meet and right in many a way That I to thee should honour pay. This seems a marvel to mine eyes: All sin thy visit purifies; And I by seeing thee, O Sage, Have reaped the fruit of pilgrimage. Then say what thou wouldst have me do, That thou hast sought this interview. Favoured by thee, my wish is still, O Hermit, to perform thy will. Nor needest thou at length explain The object that thy heart would gain. Without reserve I grant it now: My deity, O Lord, art thou.”

The glorious hermit, far renowned, With highest fame and virtue crowned, Rejoiced these modest words to hear Delightful to the mind and ear.

XXI. Visvámitra’s Speech

The hermit heard with high content That speech so wondrous eloquent, And while each hair with joy arose,(142) He thus made answer at the close: “Good is thy speech O noble King, And like thyself in everything. So should their lips be wisdom-fraught Whom kings begot, Vaśishṭha taught. The favour which I came to seek Thou grantest ere my tongue can speak. But let my tale attention claim, And hear the need for which I came. O King, as Scripture texts allow, A holy rite employs me now. Two fiends who change their forms at will Impede that rite with cursed skill.(143) Oft when the task is nigh complete, These worst of fiends my toil defeat, Throw bits of bleeding flesh, and o’er The altar shed a stream of gore. When thus the rite is mocked and stayed, And all my pious hopes delayed, Cast down in heart the spot I leave, And spent with fruitless labour grieve. Nor can I, checked by prudence, dare Let loose my fury on them there: The muttered curse, the threatening word, In such a rite must ne’er be heard. Thy grace the rite from check can free. And yield the fruit I long to see. Thy duty bids thee, King, defend The suffering guest, the suppliant friend. Give me thy son, thine eldest born, Whom locks like raven’s wings adorn. That hero youth, the truly brave, Of thee, O glorious King, I crave. For he can lay those demons low Who mar my rites and work me woe: My power shall shield the youth from harm, And heavenly might shall nerve his arm. And on my champion will I shower Unnumbered gifts of varied power, Such gifts as shall ensure his fame And spread through all the worlds his name. Be sure those fiends can never stand Before the might of Ráma’s hand, And mid the best and bravest none Can slay that pair but Raghu’s son. Entangled in the toils of Fate Those sinners, proud and obstinate, Are, in their fury overbold, No match for Ráma mighty-souled. Nor let a father’s breast give way Too far to fond affection’s sway. Count thou the fiends already slain: My word is pledged, nor pledged in vain. I know the hero Ráma well In whom high thoughts and valour dwell; So does Vaśishṭha, so do these Engaged in long austerities. If thou would do the righteous deed, And win high fame, thy virtue’s meed, Fame that on earth shall last and live, To me, great King, thy Ráma give. If to the words that I have said, With Saint Vaśishṭha at their head Thy holy men, O King, agree, Then let thy Ráma go with me. Ten nights my sacrifice will last, And ere the stated time be past Those wicked fiends, those impious twain, Must fall by wondrous Ráma slain. Let not the hours, I warn thee, fly, Fixt for the rite, unheeded by; Good luck have thou, O royal Chief, Nor give thy heart to needless grief.”

Thus in fair words with virtue fraught The pious glorious saint besought. But the good speech with poignant sting Pierced ear and bosom of the king, Who, stabbed with pangs too sharp to bear, Fell prostrate and lay fainting there.

XXII. Dasaratha’s Speech

His tortured senses all astray, While the hapless monarch lay, Then slowly gathering thought and strength To Viśvámitra spoke at length: “My son is but a child, I ween; This year he will be just sixteen. How is he fit for such emprise, My darling with the lotus eyes? A mighty army will I bring That calls me master, lord, and king, And with its countless squadrons fight Against these rovers of the night. My faithful heroes skilled to wield The arms of war will take the field; Their skill the demons’ might may break: Ráma, my child, thou must not take. I, even I, my bow in hand, Will in the van of battle stand, And, while my soul is left alive, With the night-roaming demons strive. Thy guarded sacrifice shall be Completed, from all hindrance free. Thither will I my journey make: Ráma, my child, thou must not take. A boy unskilled, he knows not yet The bounds to strength and weakness set. No match is he for demon foes Who magic arts to arms oppose. O chief of saints, I have no power, Of Ráma reft, to live one hour: Mine aged heart at once would break: Ráma, my child, thou must not take. Nine thousand circling years have fled With all their seasons o’er my head, And as a hard-won boon, O sage, These sons have come to cheer mine age. My dearest love amid the four Is he whom first his mother bore, Still dearer for his virtues’ sake: Ráma, my child, thou must not take. But if, unmoved by all I say, Thou needs must bear my son away, Let me lead with him, I entreat, A four-fold army(144) all complete. What is the demons’ might, O Sage? Who are they? What their parentage? What is their size? What beings lend Their power to guard them and befriend? How can my son their arts withstand? Or I or all my armed band? Tell me the whole that I may know To meet in war each evil foe Whom conscious might inspires with pride.”

And Viśvámitra thus replied: “Sprung from Pulastya’s race there came A giant known by Rávaṇ’s name. Once favoured by the Eternal Sire He plagues the worlds in ceaseless ire, For peerless power and might renowned, By giant bands encompassed round. Viśravas for his sire they hold, His brother is the Lord of Gold. King of the giant hosts is he, And worst of all in cruelty. This Rávaṇ’s dread commands impel Two demons who in might excel, Márícha and Suváhu hight, To trouble and impede the rite.”

Then thus the king addressed the sage: “No power have I, my lord, to wage War with this evil-minded foe; Now pity on my darling show, And upon me of hapless fate, For thee as God I venerate. Gods, spirits, bards of heavenly birth,(145) The birds of air, the snakes of earth Before the might of Rávaṇ quail, Much less can mortal man avail. He draws, I hear, from out the breast The valour of the mightiest. No, ne’er can I with him contend, Or with the forces he may send. How can I then my darling lend, Godlike, unskilled in battle? No, I will not let my young child go. Foes of thy rite, those mighty ones, Sunda and Upasunda’s sons, Are fierce as Fate to overthrow: I will not let my young child go. Márícha and Suváhu fell Are valiant and instructed well. One of the twain I might attack. With all my friends their lord to back.”

XXIII. Vasishtha’s Speech

While thus the hapless monarch spoke, Paternal love his utterance broke. Then words like these the saint returned, And fury in his bosom burned: “Didst thou, O King, a promise make, And wishest now thy word to break? A son of Raghu’s line should scorn To fail in faith, a man forsworn. But if thy soul can bear the shame I will return e’en as I came. Live with thy sons, and joy be thine, False scion of Kakutstha’s line.”

As Viśvámitra, mighty sage, Was moved with this tempestuous rage, Earth rocked and reeled throughout her frame, And fear upon the Immortals came. But Saint Vaśishṭha, wisest seer, Observant of his vows austere, Saw the whole world convulsed with dread, And thus unto the monarch said: “Thou, born of old Ikshváku’s seed, Art Justice’ self in mortal weed. Constant and pious, blest by fate, The right thou must not violate. Thou, Raghu’s son, so famous through The triple world as just and true, Perform thy bounden duty still, Nor stain thy race by deed of ill. If thou have sworn and now refuse Thou must thy store of merit lose. Then, Monarch, let thy Ráma go, Nor fear for him the demon foe. The fiends shall have no power to hurt Him trained to war or inexpert, Nor vanquish him in battle field, For Kuśik’s son the youth will shield. He is incarnate Justice, he The best of men for bravery. Embodied love of penance drear, Among the wise without a peer. Full well he knows, great Kuśik’s son, The arms celestial, every one, Arms from the Gods themselves concealed, Far less to other men revealed. These arms to him, when earth he swayed, Mighty Kriśáśva, pleased, conveyed. Kriśáśva’s sons they are indeed, Brought forth by Daksha’s lovely seed,(146) Heralds of conquest, strong and bold, Brilliant, of semblance manifold. Jayá and Vijayá, most fair, And hundred splendid weapons bare. Of Jayá, glorious as the morn, First fifty noble sons were born, Boundless in size yet viewless too, They came the demons to subdue. And fifty children also came Of Vijayá the beauteous dame, Sanháras named, of mighty force, Hard to assail or check in course. Of these the hermit knows the use, And weapons new can he produce. All these the mighty saint will yield To Ráma’s hand, to own and wield; And armed with these, beyond a doubt Shall Ráma put those fiends to rout. For Ráma and the people’s sake, For thine own good my counsel take, Nor seek, O King, with fond delay, The parting of thy son to stay.”

XXIV. The Spells

Vaśishṭha thus was speaking still: The monarch, of his own free will, Bade with quick zeal and joyful cheer Ráma and Lakshmaṇ hasten near. Mother and sire in loving care Sped their dear son with rite and prayer: Vaśishṭha blessed him ere he went; O’er his loved head the father bent, And then to Kuśik’s son resigned Ráma with Lakshmaṇ close behind. Standing by Viśvámitra’s side, The youthful hero, lotus-eyed, The Wind-God saw, and sent a breeze Whose sweet pure touch just waved the trees. There fell from heaven a flowery rain, And with the song and dance the strain Of shell and tambour sweetly blent As forth the son of Raghu went. The hermit led: behind him came The bow-armed Ráma, dear to fame, Whose locks were like the raven’s wing:(147) Then Lakshmaṇ, closely following. The Gods and Indra, filled with joy, Looked down upon the royal boy, And much they longed the death to see Of their ten-headed enemy.(148) Ráma and Lakshmaṇ paced behind That hermit of the lofty mind, As the young Aśvins,(149) heavenly pair, Follow Lord Indra through the air. On arm and hand the guard they wore, Quiver and bow and sword they bore; Two fire-born Gods of War seemed they.(150) He, Śiva’s self who led the way.

Upon fair Sarjú’s southern shore They now had walked a league and more, When thus the sage in accents mild To Ráma said: “Beloved child, This lustral water duly touch: My counsel will avail thee much. Forget not all the words I say, Nor let the occasion slip away. Lo, with two spells I thee invest, The mighty and the mightiest. O’er thee fatigue shall ne’er prevail, Nor age or change thy limbs assail. Thee powers of darkness ne’er shall smite In tranquil sleep or wild delight. No one is there in all the land Thine equal for the vigorous hand. Thou, when thy lips pronounce the spell, Shalt have no peer in heaven or hell. None in the world with thee shall vie, O sinless one, in apt reply, In fortune, knowledge, wit, and tact, Wisdom to plan and skill to act. This double science take, and gain Glory that shall for aye remain. Wisdom and judgment spring from each Of these fair spells whose use I teach. Hunger and thirst unknown to thee, High in the worlds thy rank shall be. For these two spells with might endued, Are the Great Father’s heavenly brood, And thee, O Chief, may fitly grace, Thou glory of Kakutstha’s race. Virtues which none can match are thine, Lord, from thy birth, of gifts divine, And now these spells of might shall cast Fresh radiance o’er the gifts thou hast.” Then Ráma duly touched the wave, Raised suppliant hands, bowed low his head, And took the spells the hermit gave, Whose soul on contemplation fed. From him whose might these gifts enhanced, A brighter beam of glory glanced: So shines in all his autumn blaze The Day-God of the thousand rays. The hermit’s wants those youths supplied, As pupils use to holy guide. And then the night in sweet content On Sarjú’s pleasant bank they spent.

XXV. The Hermitage Of Love

Soon as appeared the morning light Up rose the mighty anchorite, And thus to youthful Ráma said, Who lay upon his leafy bed: “High fate is hers who calls thee son: Arise, ’tis break of day; Rise, Chief, and let those rites be done Due at the morning’s ray.”(151) At that great sage’s high behest Up sprang the princely pair, To bathing rites themselves addressed, And breathed the holiest prayer. Their morning task completed, they To Viśvámitra came That store of holy works, to pay The worship saints may claim. Then to the hallowed spot they went Along fair Sarjú’s side Where mix her waters confluent With three-pathed Gangá’s tide.(152) There was a sacred hermitage Where saints devout of mind Their lives through many a lengthened age To penance had resigned. That pure abode the princes eyed With unrestrained delight, And thus unto the saint they cried, Rejoicing at the sight: “Whose is that hermitage we see? Who makes his dwelling there? Full of desire to hear are we: O Saint, the truth declare.” The hermit smiling made reply To the two boys’ request: “Hear, Ráma, who in days gone by This calm retreat possessed. Kandarpa in apparent form, Called Káma(153) by the wise, Dared Umá’s(154) new-wed lord to storm And make the God his prize. ’Gainst Stháṇu’s(155) self, on rites austere And vows intent,(156) they say, His bold rash hand he dared to rear, Though Stháṇu cried, Away! But the God’s eye with scornful glare Fell terrible on him. Dissolved the shape that was so fair And burnt up every limb. Since the great God’s terrific rage Destroyed his form and frame, Káma in each succeeding age Has borne Ananga’s(157) name. So, where his lovely form decayed, This land is Anga styled: Sacred to him of old this shade, And hermits undefiled. Here Scripture-talking elders sway Each sense with firm control, And penance-rites have washed away All sin from every soul. One night, fair boy, we here will spend, A pure stream on each hand, And with to-morrow’s light will bend Our steps to yonder strand. Here let us bathe, and free from stain To that pure grove repair, Sacred to Káma, and remain One night in comfort there.” With penance’ far-discerning eye The saintly men beheld Their coming, and with transport high Each holy bosom swelled. To Kuśik’s son the gift they gave That honoured guest should greet, Water they brought his feet to lave, And showed him honor meet. Ráma and Lakshmaṇ next obtained In due degree their share. Then with sweet talk the guests remained, And charmed each listener there. The evening prayers were duly said With voices calm and low: Then on the ground each laid his head And slept till morning’s glow.

XXVI. The Forest Of Tádaká

When the fair light of morning rose The princely tamers of their foes Followed, his morning worship o’er, The hermit to the river’s shore. The high-souled men with thoughtful care A pretty barge had stationed there. All cried, “O lord, this barge ascend, And with thy princely followers bend To yonder side thy prosperous way With naught to check thee or delay.”

Nor did the saint their rede reject: He bade farewell with due respect, And crossed, attended by the twain, That river rushing to the main. When now the bark was half way o’er, Ráma and Lakshmaṇ heard the roar, That louder grew and louder yet, Of waves by dashing waters met. Then Ráma asked the mighty seer: “What is the tumult that I hear Of waters cleft in mid career?” Soon as the speech of Ráma, stirred By deep desire to know, he heard, The pious saint began to tell What paused the waters’ roar and swell: “On high Kailása’s distant hill There lies a noble lake Whose waters, born from Brahmá’s will, The name of Mánas(158) take. Thence, hallowing where’er they flow, The streams of Sarjú fall, And wandering through the plains below Embrace Ayodhyá’s wall. Still, still preserved in Sarjú’s name Sarovar’s(159) fame we trace. The flood of Brahma whence she came To run her holy race. To meet great Gangá here she hies With tributary wave: Hence the loud roar ye hear arise, Of floods that swell and rave. Here, pride of Raghu’s line, do thou In humble adoration bow.”

He spoke. The princes both obeyed, And reverence to each river paid.(160) They reached the southern shore at last, And gaily on their journey passed. A little space beyond there stood A gloomy awe-inspiring wood. The monarch’s noble son began To question thus the holy man: “Whose gloomy forest meets mine eye Like some vast cloud that fills the sky? Pathless and dark it seems to be, Where birds in thousands wander free; Where shrill cicadas’ cries resound, And fowl of dismal note abound. Lion, rhinoceros, and bear, Boar, tiger, elephant, are there, There shrubs and thorns run wild: Dháo, Sál, Bignonia, Bel,(161) are found, And every tree that grows on ground. How is the forest styled?” The glorious saint this answer made: “Dear child of Raghu, hear Who dwells within the horrid shade That looks so dark and drear. Where now is wood, long ere this day Two broad and fertile lands, Malaja and Karúsha lay, Adorned by heavenly hands. Here, mourning friendship’s broken ties, Lord Indra of the thousand eyes Hungered and sorrowed many a day, His brightness soiled with mud and clay, When in a storm of passion he Had slain his dear friend Namuchi. Then came the Gods and saints who bore Their golden pitchers brimming o’er With holy streams that banish stain, And bathed Lord Indra pure again. When in this land the God was freed From spot and stain of impious deed For that his own dear friend he slew, High transport thrilled his bosom through. Then in his joy the lands he blessed, And gave a boon they long possessed: “Because these fertile lands retain The washings of the blot and stain,” ’Twas thus Lord Indra sware, “Malaja and Karúsha’s name Shall celebrate with deathless fame My malady and care.”(162) “So be it,” all the Immortals cried, When Indra’s speech they heard, And with acclaim they ratified The names his lips conferred. Long time, O victor of thy foes, These happy lands had sweet repose, And higher still in fortune rose. At length a spirit, loving ill, Táḍaká, wearing shapes at will, Whose mighty strength, exceeding vast, A thousand elephants, surpassed, Was to fierce Sunda, lord and head Of all the demon armies, wed. From her, Lord Indra’s peer in might Giant Márícha sprang to light: And she, a constant plague and pest, These two fair realms has long distressed. Now dwelling in her dark abode A league away she bars the road: And we, O Ráma, hence must go Where lies the forest of the foe. Now on thine own right arm rely, And my command obey: Smite the foul monster that she die, And take the plague away. To reach this country none may dare Fallen from its old estate, Which she, whose fury naught can bear, Has left so desolate. And now my truthful tale is told How with accursed sway The spirit plagued this wood of old, And ceases not to-day.”

XXVII. The Birth Of Tádaká

When thus the sage without a peer Had closed that story strange to hear, Ráma again the saint addressed To set one lingering doubt at rest: “O holy man, ’tis said by all That spirits’ strength is weak and small: How can she match, of power so slight, A thousand elephants in might?” And Viśvámitra thus replied To Raghu’s son the glorified: “Listen, and I will tell thee how She gained the strength that arms her now. A mighty spirit lived of yore; Suketu was the name he bore. Childless was he, and free from crime In rites austere he passed his time. The mighty Sire was pleased to show His favour, and a child bestow. Táḍaká named, most fair to see, A pearl among the maids was she, And matched, for such was Brahmá’s dower, A thousand elephants in power. Nor would the Eternal Sire, although The spirit longed, a son bestow That maid in beauty’s youthful pride Was given to Sunda for a bride. Her son, Márícha was his name, A giant, through a curse, became. She, widowed, dared with him molest Agastya,(163) of all saints the best. Inflamed with hunger’s wildest rage, Roaring she rushed upon the sage. When the great hermit saw her near, On speeding in her fierce career, He thus pronounced Márícha’s doom: “A giant’s form and shape assume.” And then, by mighty anger swayed, On Táḍaká this curse he laid: “Thy present form and semblance quit, And wear a shape thy mood to fit; Changed form and feature by my ban, A fearful thing that feeds on man.”

She, by his awful curse possessed, And mad with rage that fills her breast, Has on this land her fury dealt Where once the saint Agastya dwelt. Go, Ráma, smite this monster dead, The wicked plague, of power so dread, And further by this deed of thine The good of Bráhmans and of kine. Thy hand alone can overthrow, In all the worlds, this impious foe. Nor let compassion lead thy mind To shrink from blood of womankind; A monarch’s son must ever count The people’s welfare paramount, And whether pain or joy he deal Dare all things for his subjects’ weal; Yea, if the deed bring praise or guilt, If life be saved or blood be spilt: Such, through all time, should be the care Of those a kingdom’s weight who bear. Slay, Ráma, slay this impious fiend, For by no law her life is screened. So Manthará, as bards have told, Virochan’s child, was slain of old By Indra, when in furious hate She longed the earth to devastate. So Kávya’s mother, Bhrigu’s wife, Who loved her husband as her life, When Indra’s throne she sought to gain, By Vishṇu’s hand of yore was slain. By these and high-souled kings beside, Struck down, have lawless women died.”

XXVIII. The Death Of Tádaká

Thus spoke the saint. Each vigorous word The noble monarch’s offspring heard, And, reverent hands together laid, His answer to the hermit made: “My sire and mother bade me aye Thy word, O mighty Saint, obey So will I, O most glorious, kill This Táḍaká who joys in ill, For such my sire’s, and such thy will. To aid with mine avenging hand The Bráhmans, kine, and all the land, Obedient, heart and soul, I stand.”

Thus spoke the tamer of the foe, And by the middle grasped his bow. Strongly he drew the sounding string That made the distant welkin ring. Scared by the mighty clang the deer That roamed the forest shook with fear, And Táḍaká the echo heard, And rose in haste from slumber stirred. In wild amaze, her soul aflame With fury toward the spot she came. When that foul shape of evil mien And stature vast as e’er was seen The wrathful son of Raghu eyed, He thus unto his brother cried: “Her dreadful shape, O Lakshmaṇ, see, A form to shudder at and flee. The hideous monster’s very view Would cleave a timid heart in two. Behold the demon hard to smite, Defended by her magic might. My hand shall stay her course to-day, And shear her nose and ears away. No heart have I her life to take: I spare it for her sex’s sake. My will is but, with minished force, To check her in her evil course.” While thus he spoke, by rage impelled Roaring as she came nigh, The fiend her course at Ráma held With huge arms tossed on high. Her, rushing on, the seer assailed With a loud cry of hate; And thus the sons of Raghu hailed: “Fight, and be fortunate.” Then from the earth a horrid cloud Of dust the demon raised, And for awhile in darkling shroud Wrapt Raghu’s sons amazed. Then calling on her magic power The fearful fight to wage, She smote him with a stony shower, Till Ráma burned with rage. Then pouring forth his arrowy rain That stony flood to stay, With winged darts, as she charged amain, He shore her hands away. As Táḍaká still thundered near Thus maimed by Ráma’s blows, Lakshmaṇ in fury severed sheer The monster’s ears and nose. Assuming by her magic skill A fresh and fresh disguise, She tried a thousand shapes at will, Then vanished from their eyes. When Gádhi’s son of high renown Still saw the stony rain pour down Upon each princely warrior’s head, With words of wisdom thus he said: “Enough of mercy, Ráma, lest This sinful evil-working pest, Disturber of each holy rite, Repair by magic arts her might. Without delay the fiend should die, For, see, the twilight hour is nigh. And at the joints of night and day Such giant foes are hard to slay.” Then Ráma, skilful to direct His arrow to the sound, With shafts the mighty demon checked Who rained her stones around. She sore impeded and beset By Ráma and his arrowy net, Though skilled in guile and magic lore, Rushed on the brothers with a roar. Deformed, terrific, murderous, dread, Swift as the levin on she sped, Like cloudy pile in autumn’s sky, Lifting her two vast arms on high, When Ráma smote her with a dart, Shaped like a crescent, to the heart. Sore wounded by the shaft that came With lightning speed and surest aim, Blood spouting from her mouth and side, She fell upon the earth and died. Soon as the Lord who rules the sky Saw the dread monster lifeless lie, He called aloud, Well done! well done! And the Gods honoured Raghu’s son. Standing in heaven the Thousand-eyed, With all the Immortals, joying cried: “Lift up thine eyes, O Saint, and see The Gods and Indra nigh to thee. This deed of Ráma’s boundless might Has filled our bosoms with delight, Now, for our will would have it so, To Raghu’s son some favour show. Invest him with the power which naught But penance gains and holy thought, Those heavenly arms on him bestow To thee entrusted long ago By great Kriśáśva best of kings, Son of the Lord of living things. More fit recipient none can be Than he who joys it following thee; And for our sakes the monarch’s seed Has yet to do a mighty deed.”

He spoke; and all the heavenly train Rejoicing sought their homes again, While honour to the saint they paid. Then came the evening’s twilight shade, The best of hermits overjoyed To know the monstrous fiend destroyed, His lips on Ráma’s forehead pressed, And thus the conquering chief addressed: “O Ráma gracious to the sight. Here will we pass the present night, And with the morrow’s earliest ray Bend to my hermitage our way.” The son of Daśaratha heard, Delighted, Viśvámitra’s word, And as he bade, that night he spent In Táḍaká’s wild wood, content. And the grove shone that happy day, Freed from the curse that on it lay, Like Chaitraratha(164) fair and gay.

XXIX. The Celestial Arms

That night they slept and took their rest; And then the mighty saint addressed, With pleasant smile and accents mild These words to Raghu’s princely child: “Well pleased am I. High fate be thine, Thou scion of a royal line. Now will I, for I love thee so, All heavenly arms on thee bestow. Victor with these, whoe’er oppose, Thy hand shall conquer all thy foes, Though Gods and spirits of the air, Serpents and fiends, the conflict dare. I’ll give thee as a pledge of love The mystic arms they use above, For worthy thou to have revealed The weapons I have learnt to wield.(165) First, son of Raghu, shall be thine The arm of Vengeance, strong, divine: The arm of Fate, the arm of Right, And Vishṇu’s arm of awful might: That, before which no foe can stand, The thunderbolt of Indra’s hand; And Śiva’s trident, sharp and dread, And that dire weapon Brahmá’s Head. And two fair clubs, O royal child, One Charmer and one Pointed styled With flame of lambent fire aglow, On thee, O Chieftain, I bestow. And Fate’s dread net and Justice’ noose That none may conquer, for thy use: And the great cord, renowned of old, Which Varuṇ ever loves to hold. Take these two thunderbolts, which I Have got for thee, the Moist and Dry. Here Śiva’s dart to thee I yield, And that which Vishṇu wont to wield. I give to thee the arm of Fire, Desired by all and named the Spire. To thee I grant the Wind-God’s dart, Named Crusher, O thou pure of heart, This arm, the Horse’s Head, accept, And this, the Curlew’s Bill yclept, And these two spears, the best e’er flew, Named the Invincible and True. And arms of fiends I make thine own, Skull-wreath and mace that smashes bone. And Joyous, which the spirits bear, Great weapon of the sons of air. Brave offspring of the best of lords, I give thee now the Gem of swords, And offer next, thine hand to arm, The heavenly bards’ beloved charm. Now with two arms I thee invest Of never-ending Sleep and Rest, With weapons of the Sun and Rain, And those that dry and burn amain; And strong Desire with conquering touch, The dart that Káma prizes much. I give the arm of shadowy powers That bleeding flesh of men devours. I give the arms the God of Gold And giant fiends exult to hold. This smites the foe in battle-strife, And takes his fortune, strength, and life. I give the arms called False and True, And great Illusion give I too; The hero’s arm called Strong and Bright That spoils the foeman’s strength in fight. I give thee as a priceless boon The Dew, the weapon of the Moon, And add the weapon, deftly planned, That strengthens Viśvakarmá’s hand. The Mortal dart whose point is chill, And Slaughter, ever sure to kill; All these and other arms, for thou Art very dear, I give thee now. Receive these weapons from my hand, Son of the noblest in the land.”

Facing the east, the glorious saint Pure from all spot of earthly taint, To Ráma, with delighted mind, That noble host of spells consigned. He taught the arms, whose lore is won Hardly by Gods, to Raghu’s son. He muttered low the spell whose call Summons those arms and rules them all And, each in visible form and frame, Before the monarch’s son they came. They stood and spoke in reverent guise To Ráma with exulting cries: “O noblest child of Raghu, see, Thy ministers and thralls are we.” With joyful heart and eager hand Ráma received the wondrous band, And thus with words of welcome cried: “Aye present to my will abide.” Then hasted to the saint to pay Due reverence, and pursued his way.

XXX. The Mysterious Powers.(166)

Pure, with glad cheer and joyful breast, Of those mysterious arms possessed, Ráma, now passing on his way, Thus to the saint began to say: “Lord of these mighty weapons, I Can scarce be harmed by Gods on high; Now, best of saints, I long to gain The powers that can these arms restrain.” Thus spoke the prince. The sage austere, True to his vows, from evil clear, Called forth the names of those great charms Whose powers restrain the deadly arms. “Receive thou True and Truly famed, And Bold and Fleet: the weapons named Warder and Progress, swift of pace, Averted-head and Drooping-face; The Seen, and that which Secret flies; The weapon of the thousand eyes; Ten-headed, and the Hundred-faced, Star-gazer and the Layer-waste: The Omen-bird, the Pure-from-spot, The pair that wake and slumber not: The Fiendish, that which shakes amain, The Strong-of-Hand, the Rich-in-Gain: The Guardian, and the Close-allied, The Gaper, Love, and Golden-side: O Raghu’s son receive all these, Bright ones that wear what forms they please; Kriśáśva’s mystic sons are they, And worthy thou their might to sway.” With joy the pride of Raghu’s race Received the hermit’s proffered grace, Mysterious arms, to check and stay, Or smite the foeman in the fray. Then, all with heavenly forms endued, Nigh came the wondrous multitude. Celestial in their bright attire Some shone like coals of burning fire; Some were like clouds of dusky smoke; And suppliant thus they sweetly spoke: “Thy thralls, O Ráma, here we stand: Command, we pray, thy faithful band” “Depart,” he cried, “where each may list, But when I call you to assist, Be present to my mind with speed, And aid me in the hour of need.”

To Ráma then they lowly bent, And round him in due reverence went, To his command, they answered, Yea, And as they came so went away. When thus the arms had homeward flown, With pleasant words and modest tone, E’en as he walked, the prince began To question thus the holy man: “What cloudlike wood is that which near The mountain’s side I see appear? O tell me, for I long to know; Its pleasant aspect charms me so. Its glades are full of deer at play, And sweet birds sing on every spray, Past is the hideous wild; I feel So sweet a tremor o’er me steal, And hail with transport fresh and new A land that is so fair to view. Then tell me all, thou holy Sage, And whose this pleasant hermitage In which those wicked ones delight To mar and kill each holy rite. And with foul heart and evil deed Thy sacrifice, great Saint, impede. To whom, O Sage, belongs this land In which thine altars ready stand! ’Tis mine to guard them, and to slay The giants who the rites would stay. All this, O best of saints, I burn From thine own lips, my lord, to learn.”

XXXI. The Perfect Hermitage

Thus spoke the prince of boundless might, And thus replied the anchorite: “Chief of the mighty arm, of yore Lord Vishṇu whom the Gods adore, For holy thought and rites austere Of penance made his dwelling here. This ancient wood was called of old Grove of the Dwarf, the mighty-souled, And when perfection he attained The grove the name of Perfect gained. Bali of yore, Virochan’s son, Dominion over Indra won, And when with power his proud heart swelled, O’er the three worlds his empire held. When Bali then began a rite, The Gods and Indra in affright Sought Vishṇu in this place of rest, And thus with prayers the God addressed: “Bali. Virochan’s mighty son, His sacrifice has now begun: Of boundless wealth, that demon king Is bounteous to each living thing. Though suppliants flock from every side The suit of none is e’er denied. Whate’er, where’er howe’er the call, He hears the suit and gives to all. Now with thine own illusive art Perform, O Lord, the helper’s part: Assume a dwarfish form, and thus From fear and danger rescue us.”(167)

Thus in their dread the Immortals sued: The God a dwarflike shape indued:(168) Before Virochan’s son he came, Three steps of land his only claim. The boon obtained, in wondrous wise Lord Vishṇu’s form increased in size; Through all the worlds, tremendous, vast, God of the Triple Step, he passed.(169) The whole broad earth from side to side He measured with one mighty stride, Spanned with the next the firmament, And with the third through heaven he went. Thus was the king of demons hurled By Vishṇu to the nether world, And thus the universe restored To Indra’s rule, its ancient lord. And now because the immortal God This spot in dwarflike semblance trod, The grove has aye been loved by me For reverence of the devotee. But demons haunt it, prompt to stay Each holy offering I would pay. Be thine, O lion-lord, to kill These giants that delight in ill. This day, beloved child, our feet Shall rest within the calm retreat: And know, thou chief of Raghu’s line, My hermitage is also thine.”

He spoke; and soon the anchorite, With joyous looks that beamed delight, With Ráma and his brother stood Within the consecrated wood. Soon as they saw the holy man, With one accord together ran The dwellers in the sacred shade, And to the saint their reverence paid, And offered water for his feet, The gift of honour and a seat; And next with hospitable care They entertained the princely pair. The royal tamers of their foes Rested awhile in sweet repose: Then to the chief of hermits sued Standing in suppliant attitude: “Begin, O best of saints, we pray, Initiatory rites to-day. This Perfect Grove shall be anew Made perfect, and thy words be true.”

Then, thus addressed, the holy man, The very glorious sage, began The high preliminary rite. Restraining sense and appetite. Calmly the youths that night reposed, And rose when morn her light disclosed, Their morning worship paid, and took Of lustral water from the brook. Thus purified they breathed the prayer, Then greeted Viśvámitra where As celebrant he sate beside The flame with sacred oil supplied.

XXXII. Visvámitra’s Sacrifice

That conquering pair, of royal race, Skilled to observe due time and place, To Kuśik’s hermit son addressed, In timely words, their meet request: “When must we, lord, we pray thee tell, Those Rovers of the Night repel? Speak, lest we let the moment fly, And pass the due occasion by.” Thus longing for the strife, they prayed, And thus the hermits answer made: “Till the fifth day be come and past, O Raghu’s sons, your watch must last. The saint his Dikshá(170) has begun, And all that time will speak to none.” Soon as the steadfast devotees Had made reply in words like these, The youths began, disdaining sleep, Six days and nights their watch to keep. The warrior pair who tamed the foe, Unrivalled benders of the bow, Kept watch and ward unwearied still To guard the saint from scathe and ill. ’Twas now the sixth returning day, The hour foretold had past away. Then Ráma cried: “O Lakshmaṇ, now Firm, watchful, resolute be thou. The fiends as yet have kept afar From the pure grove in which we are: Yet waits us, ere the day shall close, Dire battle with the demon foes.”

While thus spoke Ráma borne away By longing for the deadly fray, See! bursting from the altar came The sudden glory of the flame. Round priest and deacon, and upon Grass, ladles, flowers, the splendour shone, And the high rite, in order due, With sacred texts began anew. But then a loud and fearful roar Re-echoed through the sky; And like vast clouds that shadow o’er The heavens in dark July, Involved in gloom of magic might Two fiends rushed on amain, Márícha, Rover of the Night, Suváhu, and their train. As on they came in wild career Thick blood in rain they shed; And Ráma saw those things of fear Impending overhead. Then soon as those accursed two Who showered down blood be spied, Thus to his brother brave and true Spoke Ráma lotus-eyed: “Now, Lakshmaṇ, thou these fiends shalt see, Man-eaters, foul of mind, Before my mortal weapon flee Like clouds before the wind.” He spoke. An arrow, swift as thought, Upon his bow he pressed, And smote, to utmost fury wrought, Márícha on the breast. Deep in his flesh the weapon lay Winged by the mystic spell, And, hurled a hundred leagues away, In ocean’s flood he fell. Then Ráma, when he saw the foe Convulsed and mad with pain Neath the chill-pointed weapon’s blow, To Lakshmaṇ spoke again: “See, Lakshmaṇ, see! this mortal dart That strikes a numbing chill, Hath struck him senseless with the smart, But left him breathing still. But these who love the evil way, And drink the blood they spill, Rejoicing holy rites to stay, Fierce plagues, my hand shall kill.” He seized another shaft, the best, Aglow with living flame; It struck Suváhu on the chest, And dead to earth he came. Again a dart, the Wind-God’s own, Upon his string he laid, And all the demons were o’erthrown, The saints no more afraid. When thus the fiends were slain in fight, Disturbers of each holy rite, Due honour by the saints was paid To Ráma for his wondrous aid: So Indra is adored when he Has won some glorious victory. Success at last the rite had crowned, And Viśvámitra gazed around, And seeing every side at rest, The son of Raghu thus addressed: “My joy, O Prince, is now complete: Thou hast obeyed my will: Perfect before, this calm retreat Is now more perfect still.”

XXXIII. The Sone

Their task achieved, the princes spent That night with joy and full content. Ere yet the dawn was well displayed Their morning rites they duly paid, And sought, while yet the light was faint, The hermits and the mighty saint. They greeted first that holy sire Resplendent like the burning fire, And then with noble words began Their sweet speech to the sainted man: “Here stand, O Lord, thy servants true: Command what thou wouldst have us do.”

The saints, by Viśvámitra led, To Ráma thus in answer said: “Janak the king who rules the land Of fertile Míthilá has planned A noble sacrifice, and we Will thither go the rite to see. Thou, Prince of men, with us shalt go, And there behold the wondrous bow, Terrific, vast, of matchless might, Which, splendid at the famous rite, The Gods assembled gave the king. No giant, fiend, or God can string That gem of bows, no heavenly bard: Then, sure, for man the task were hard. When lords of earth have longed to know The virtue of that wondrous bow, The strongest sons of kings in vain Have tried the mighty cord to strain. This famous bow thou there shalt view, And wondrous rites shalt witness too. The high-souled king who lords it o’er The realm of Míthilá of yore Gained from the Gods this bow, the price Of his imperial sacrifice. Won by the rite the glorious prize Still in the royal palace lies, Laid up in oil of precious scent With aloe-wood and incense blent.”

Then Ráma answering, Be it so, Made ready with the rest to go. The saint himself was now prepared, But ere beyond the grove he fared, He turned him and in words like these Addressed the sylvan deities: “Farewell! each holy rite complete, I leave the hermits’ perfect seat: To Gangá’s northern shore I go Beneath Himálaya’s peaks of snow.” With reverent steps he paced around The limits of the holy ground, And then the mighty saint set forth And took his journey to the north. His pupils, deep in Scripture’s page, Followed behind the holy sage, And servants from the sacred grove A hundred wains for convoy drove. The very birds that winged that air, The very deer that harboured there, Forsook the glade and leafy brake And followed for the hermit’s sake. They travelled far, till in the west The sun was speeding to his rest, And made, their portioned journey o’er, Their halt on Śona’s(171) distant shore. The hermits bathed when sank the sun, And every rite was duly done, Oblations paid to Fire, and then Sate round their chief the holy men. Ráma and Lakshmaṇ lowly bowed In reverence to the hermit crowd, And Ráma, having sate him down Before the saint of pure renown, With humble palms together laid His eager supplication made: “What country, O my lord, is this, Fair-smiling in her wealth and bliss? Deign fully, O thou mighty Seer, To tell me, for I long to hear.” Moved by the prayer of Ráma, he Told forth the country’s history.

XXXIV. Brahmadatta

“A king of Brahmá’s seed who bore The name of Kuśa reigned of yore. Just, faithful to his vows, and true, He held the good in honour due. His bride, a queen of noble name, Of old Vidarbha’s(172) monarchs came. Like their own father, children four, All valiant boys, the lady bore. In glorious deeds each nerve they strained, And well their Warrior part sustained. To them most just, and true, and brave, Their father thus his counsel gave: “Beloved children, ne’er forget Protection is a prince’s debt: The noble work at once begin, High virtue and her fruits to win.” The youths, to all the people dear, Received his speech with willing ear; And each went forth his several way, Foundations of a town to lay. Kuśámba, prince of high renown, Was builder of Kauśámbí’s town, And Kuśanábha, just and wise, Bade high Mahodaya’s towers arise. Amúrtarajas chose to dwell In Dharmáraṇya’s citadel, And Vasu bade his city fair The name of Girivraja bear.(173) This fertile spot whereon we stand Was once the high-souled Vasu’s land. Behold! as round we turn our eyes, Five lofty mountain peaks arise. See! bursting from her parent hill, Sumágadhí, a lovely rill, Bright gleaming as she flows between The mountains, like a wreath is seen, And then through Magadh’s plains and groves With many a fair mæander roves. And this was Vasu’s old domain, The fertile Magadh’s broad champaign, Which smiling fields of tilth adorn And diadem with golden corn.

The queen Ghritáchí, nymph most fair, Married to Kuśanábha, bare A hundred daughters, lovely-faced, With every charm and beauty graced. It chanced the maidens, bright and gay As lightning-flashes on a day Of rain time, to the garden went With song and play and merriment, And there in gay attire they strayed, And danced, and laughed, and sang, and played. The God of Wind who roves at will All places, as he lists, to fill, Saw the young maidens dancing there, Of faultless shape and mien most fair. “I love you all, sweet girls,” he cried, “And each shall be my darling bride. Forsake, forsake your mortal lot, And gain a life that withers not. A fickle thing is youth’s brief span, And more than all in mortal man. Receive unending youth, and be Immortal, O my loves, with me.”

The hundred girls, to wonder stirred, The wooing of the Wind-God heard, Laughed, as a jest, his suit aside, And with one voice they thus replied: “O mighty Wind, free spirit who All life pervadest, through and through, Thy wondrous power we maidens know; Then wherefore wilt thou mock us so? Our sire is Kuśanábha, King; And we, forsooth, have charms to bring A God to woo us from the skies; But honour first we maidens prize. Far may the hour, we pray, be hence, When we, O thou of little sense, Our truthful father’s choice refuse, And for ourselves our husbands choose. Our honoured sire our lord we deem, He is to us a God supreme, And they to whom his high decree May give us shall our husbands be.”

He heard the answer they returned, And mighty rage within him burned. On each fair maid a blast he sent: Each stately form he bowed and bent. Bent double by the Wind-God’s ire They sought the palace of their sire, There fell upon the ground with sighs, While tears and shame were in their eyes. The king himself, with troubled brow, Saw his dear girls so fair but now, A mournful sight all bent and bowed, And grieving thus he cried aloud: “What fate is this, and what the cause? What wretch has scorned all heavenly laws? Who thus your forms could curve and break? You struggle, but no answer make.”

They heard the speech of that wise king Of their misfortune questioning. Again the hundred maidens sighed, Touched with their heads his feet, and cried: “The God of Wind, pervading space, Would bring on us a foul disgrace, And choosing folly’s evil way From virtue’s path in scorn would stray. But we in words like these reproved The God of Wind whom passion moved: “Farewell, O Lord! A sire have we, No women uncontrolled and free. Go, and our sire’s consent obtain If thou our maiden hands wouldst gain. No self-dependent life we live: If we offend, our fault forgive.” But led by folly as a slave, He would not hear the rede we gave, And even as we gently spoke We felt the Wind-God’s crushing stroke.”

The pious king, with grief distressed, The noble hundred thus addressed: “With patience, daughters, bear your fate, Yours was a deed supremely great When with one mind you kept from shame The honour of your father’s name. Patience, when men their anger vent, Is woman’s praise and ornament; Yet when the Gods inflict the blow Hard is it to support the woe. Patience, my girls, exceeds all price: ’Tis alms, and truth, and sacrifice. Patience is virtue, patience fame: Patience upholds this earthly frame. And now, I think, is come the time To wed you in your maiden prime. Now, daughters, go where’er you will: Thoughts for your good my mind shall fill.”

The maidens went, consoled, away: The best of kings, that very day, Summoned his ministers of state About their marriage to debate. Since then, because the Wind-God bent The damsels’ forms for punishment, That royal town is known to fame By Kanyákubja’s(174) borrowed name.

There lived a sage called Chúli then, Devoutest of the sons of men; His days in penance rites he spent, A glorious saint, most continent. To him absorbed in tasks austere The child of Urmilá drew near, Sweet Somadá, the heavenly maid And lent the saint her pious aid. Long time near him the maiden spent, And served him meek and reverent, Till the great hermit, pleased with her, Thus spoke unto his minister: “Grateful am I for all thy care: Blest maiden, speak, thy wish declare.” The sweet-voiced nymph rejoiced to see The favour of the devotee, And to that eloquent old man, Most eloquent she thus began: “Thou hast, by heavenly grace sustained, Close union with the Godhead gained. I long, O Saint, to see a son By force of holy penance won. Unwed, a maiden life I live: A son to me, thy suppliant, give.” The saint with favour heard her prayer, And gave a son exceeding fair. Him, Chúli’s spiritual child, His mother Brahmadatta(175) styled. King Brahmadatta, rich and great, In Kámpilí maintained his state, Ruling, like Indra in his bliss, His fortunate metropolis. King Kuśanábha planned that he His hundred daughters’ lord should be. To him, obedient to his call, The happy monarch gave them all. Like Indra then he took the hand Of every maiden of the band. Soon as the hand of each young maid In Brahmadatta’s palm was laid, Deformity and cares away, She shone in beauty bright and gay. Their freedom from the Wind-God’s might Saw Kuśanábha with delight. Each glance that on their forms he threw Filled him with raptures ever new. Then when the rites were all complete, With highest marks of honour meet The bridegroom with his brides he sent To his great seat of government.

The nymph received with pleasant speech Her daughters; and, embracing each, Upon their forms she fondly gazed, And royal Kuśanábha praised.

XXXV. Visvámitra’s Lineage

“The rites were o’er, the maids were wed, The bridegroom to his home was sped. The sonless monarch bade prepare A sacrifice to gain an heir. Then Kuśa, Brahmá’s son, appeared, And thus King Kuśanábha cheered: “Thou shalt, my child, obtain a son Like thine own self, O holy one. Through him for ever, Gádhi named, Shalt thou in all the worlds be famed.” He spoke, and vanished from the sight To Brahmá’s world of endless light. Time fled, and, as the saint foretold, Gádhi was born, the holy-souled. My sire was he; through him I trace My line from royal Kuśa’s race. My sister—elder-born was she— The pure and good Satyavatí,(176) Was to the great Richíka wed. Still faithful to her husband dead, She followed him, most noble dame, And, raised to heaven in human frame, A pure celestial stream became. Down from Himálaya’s snowy height, In floods for ever fair and bright, My sister’s holy waves are hurled To purify and glad the world. Now on Himálaya’s side I dwell Because I love my sister well. She, for her faith and truth renowned, Most loving to her husband found, High-fated, firm in each pure vow, Is queen of all the rivers now. Bound by a vow I left her side And to the Perfect convent hied. There, by the aid ’twas thine to lend, Made perfect, all my labours end. Thus, mighty Prince, I now have told My race and lineage, high and old, And local tales of long ago Which thou, O Ráma, fain wouldst know. As I have sate rehearsing thus The midnight hour is come on us. Now, Ráma, sleep, that nothing may Our journey of to-morrow stay. No leaf on any tree is stirred: Hushed in repose are beast and bird: Where’er you turn, on every side, Dense shades of night the landscape hide, The light of eve is fled: the skies, Thick-studded with their host of eyes, Seem a star-forest overhead, Where signs and constellations spread. Now rises, with his pure cold ray, The moon that drives the shades away, And with his gentle influence brings Joy to the hearts of living things. Now, stealing from their lairs, appear The beasts to whom the night is dear. Now spirits walk, and every power That revels in the midnight hour.”

The mighty hermit’s tale was o’er, He closed his lips and spoke no more. The holy men on every side, “Well done! well done,” with reverence cried; “The mighty men of Kuśa’s seed Were ever famed for righteous deed. Like Brahmá’s self in glory shine The high-souled lords of Kuśa’s line, And thy great name is sounded most, O Saint, amid the noble host. And thy dear sister—fairest she Of streams, the high-born Kauśikí— Diffusing virtue where she flows, New splendour on thy lineage throws.” Thus by the chief of saints addressed The son of Gádhi turned to rest; So, when his daily course is done, Sinks to his rest the beaming sun. Ráma with Lakshmaṇ, somewhat stirred To marvel by the tales they heard, Turned also to his couch, to close His eyelids in desired repose.

XXXVI. The Birth Of Gangá

The hours of night now waning fast On Śona’s pleasant shore they passed. Then, when the dawn began to break, To Ráma thus the hermit spake: “The light of dawn is breaking clear, The hour of morning rites is near. Rise, Ráma, rise, dear son, I pray, And make thee ready for the way.”

Then Ráma rose, and finished all His duties at the hermit’s call, Prepared with joy the road to take, And thus again in question spake: “Here fair and deep the Śona flows, And many an isle its bosom shows: What way, O Saint, will lead us o’er And land us on the farther shore?” The saint replied: “The way I choose Is that which pious hermits use.” For many a league they journeyed on Till, when the sun of mid-day shone, The hermit-haunted flood was seen Of Jáhnaví,(177) the Rivers’ Queen. Soon as the holy stream they viewed, Thronged with a white-winged multitude Of sárases(178) and swans,(179) delight Possessed them at the lovely sight; And then prepared the hermit band To halt upon that holy strand. They bathed as Scripture bids, and paid Oblations due to God and shade. To Fire they burnt the offerings meet, And sipped the oil, like Amrit sweet. Then pure and pleased they sate around Saint Viśvámitra on the ground. The holy men of lesser note, In due degree, sate more remote, While Raghu’s sons took nearer place By virtue of their rank and race. Then Ráma said: “O Saint, I yearn The three-pathed Gangá’s tale to learn.”

Thus urged, the sage recounted both The birth of Gangá and her growth: “The mighty hill with metals stored, Himálaya, is the mountains’ lord, The father of a lovely pair Of daughters fairest of the fair: Their mother, offspring of the will Of Meru, everlasting hill, Mená, Himálaya’s darling, graced With beauty of her dainty waist. Gangá was elder-born: then came The fair one known by Umá’s name. Then all the Gods of heaven, in need Of Gangá’s help their vows to speed, To great Himálaya came and prayed The mountain King to yield the maid. He, not regardless of the weal Of the three worlds, with holy zeal His daughter to the Immortals gave, Gangá whose waters cleanse and save, Who roams at pleasure, fair and free, Purging all sinners, to the sea. The three-pathed Gangá thus obtained, The Gods their heavenly homes regained. Long time the sister Umá passed In vows austere and rigid fast, And the king gave the devotee Immortal Rudra’s(180) bride to be, Matching with that unequalled Lord His Umá through the worlds adored. So now a glorious station fills Each daughter of the King of Hills: One honoured as the noblest stream, One mid the Goddesses supreme. Thus Gangá, King Himálaya’s child, The heavenly river, undefiled, Rose bearing with her to the sky Her waves that bless and purify.”

[I am compelled to omit Cantos XXXVII and XXXVIII, THE GLORY OF UMÁ, and THE BIRTH OF KÁRTIKEYA, as both in subject and language offensive to modern taste. They will be found in Schlegel’s Latin translation.]

XXXIX. The Sons Of Sagar

The saint in accents sweet and clear Thus told his tale for Ráma’s ear, And thus anew the holy man A legend to the prince began: “There reigned a pious monarch o’er Ayodhyá in the days of yore: Sagar his name: no child had he, And children much he longed to see. His honoured consort, fair of face, Sprang from Vidarbha’s royal race, Keśini, famed from early youth For piety and love of truth. Aríshṭanemi’s daughter fair, With whom no maiden might compare In beauty, though the earth is wide, Sumati, was his second bride. With his two queens afar he went, And weary days in penance spent, Fervent, upon Himálaya’s hill Where springs the stream called Bhrigu’ rill. Nor did he fail that saint to please With his devout austerities. And, when a hundred years had fled, Thus the most truthful Bhrigu said: “From thee, O Sagar, blameless King, A mighty host of sons shall spring, And thou shalt win a glorious name Which none, O Chief, but thou shall claim. One of thy queens a son shall bear, Maintainer of thy race and heir; And of the other there shall be Sons sixty thousand born to thee.”

Thus as he spake, with one accord, To win the grace of that high lord, The queens, with palms together laid, In humble supplication prayed: “Which queen, O Bráhman, of the pair, The many, or the one shall bear? Most eager, Lord, are we to know, And as thou sayest be it so.” With his sweet speech the saint replied: “Yourselves, O Queens, the choice decide. Your own discretion freely use Which shall the one or many choose: One shall the race and name uphold, The host be famous, strong, and bold. Which will have which?” Then Keśini The mother of one heir would be. Sumati, sister of the king(181) Of all the birds that ply the wing, To that illustrious Bráhman sued That she might bear the multitude Whose fame throughout the world should sound For mighty enterprise renowned. Around the saint the monarch went, Bowing his head, most reverent. Then with his wives, with willing feet, Resought his own imperial seat. Time passed. The elder consort bare A son called Asamanj, the heir. Then Sumati, the younger, gave Birth to a gourd,(182) O hero brave, Whose rind, when burst and cleft in two, Gave sixty thousand babes to view. All these with care the nurses laid In jars of oil; and there they stayed, Till, youthful age and strength complete, Forth speeding from each dark retreat, All peers in valour, years, and might, The sixty thousand came to light. Prince Asamanj, brought up with care, Scourge of his foes, was made the heir. But liegemen’s boys he used to cast To Sarjú’s waves that hurried past, Laughing the while in cruel glee Their dying agonies to see. This wicked prince who aye withstood The counsel of the wise and good, Who plagued the people in his hate, His father banished from the state. His son, kind-spoken, brave, and tall, Was Anśumán, beloved of all.

Long years flew by. The king decreed To slay a sacrificial steed. Consulting with his priestly band He vowed the rite his soul had planned, And, Veda skilled, by their advice Made ready for the sacrifice.

XL. The Cleaving Of The Earth

The hermit ceased: the tale was done: Then in a transport Raghu’s son Again addressed the ancient sire Resplendent as a burning fire: “O holy man, I fain would hear The tale repeated full and clear How he from whom my sires descend Brought the great rite to happy end.” The hermit answered with a smile: “Then listen, son of Raghu, while My legendary tale proceeds To tell of high-souled Sagar’s deeds. Within the spacious plain that lies From where Himálaya’s heights arise To where proud Vindhya’s rival chain Looks down upon the subject plain— A land the best for rites declared(183)— His sacrifice the king prepared. And Anśumán the prince—for so Sagar advised—with ready bow Was borne upon a mighty car To watch the steed who roamed afar. But Indra, monarch of the skies, Veiling his form in demon guise, Came down upon the appointed day And drove the victim horse away. Reft of the steed the priests, distressed, The master of the rite addressed: “Upon the sacred day by force A robber takes the victim horse. Haste, King! now let the thief be slain; Bring thou the charger back again: The sacred rite prevented thus Brings scathe and woe to all of us. Rise, monarch, and provide with speed That naught its happy course impede.”

King Sagar in his crowded court Gave ear unto the priests’ report. He summoned straightway to his side His sixty thousand sons, and cried: “Brave sons of mine, I knew not how These demons are so mighty now: The priests began the rite so well All sanctified with prayer and spell. If in the depths of earth he hide, Or lurk beneath the ocean’s tide, Pursue, dear sons, the robber’s track; Slay him and bring the charger back. The whole of this broad earth explore, Sea-garlanded, from shore to shore: Yea, dig her up with might and main Until you see the horse again. Deep let your searching labour reach, A league in depth dug out by each. The robber of our horse pursue, And please your sire who orders you. My grandson, I, this priestly train, Till the steed comes, will here remain.”

Their eager hearts with transport burned As to their task the heroes turned. Obedient to their father, they Through earth’s recesses forced their way. With iron arms’ unflinching toil Each dug a league beneath the soil. Earth, cleft asunder, groaned in pain, As emulous they plied amain Sharp-pointed coulter, pick, and bar, Hard as the bolts of Indra are. Then loud the horrid clamour rose Of monsters dying neath their blows, Giant and demon, fiend and snake, That in earth’s core their dwelling make. They dug, in ire that naught could stay, Through sixty thousand leagues their way, Cleaving the earth with matchless strength Till hell itself they reached at length. Thus digging searched they Jambudvip(184) With all its hills and mountains steep. Then a great fear began to shake The heart of God, bard, fiend, and snake, And all distressed in spirit went Before the Sire Omnipotent. With signs of woe in every face They sought the mighty Father’s grace, And trembling still and ill at ease Addressed their Lord in words like these: “The sons of Sagar, Sire benign, Pierce the whole earth with mine on mine, And as their ruthless work they ply Innumerable creatures die. “This is the thief,” the princes say, “Who stole our victim steed away. This marred the rite, and caused us ill, And so their guiltless blood they spill.”

XLI. Kapil

The father lent a gracious ear And listened to their tale of fear, And kindly to the Gods replied Whom woe and death had terrified: “The wisest Vásudeva,(185) who The Immortals’ foe, fierce Madhu, slew, Regards broad Earth with love and pride And guards, in Kapil’s form, his bride.(186) His kindled wrath will quickly fall On the king’s sons and burn them all. This cleaving of the earth his eye Foresaw in ages long gone by: He knew with prescient soul the fate That Sagar’s children should await.”

The Three-and-thirty,(187) freed from fear, Sought their bright homes with hopeful cheer. Still rose the great tempestuous sound As Sagar’s children pierced the ground. When thus the whole broad earth was cleft, And not a spot unsearched was left, Back to their home the princes sped, And thus unto their father said: “We searched the earth from side to side, While countless hosts of creatures died. Our conquering feet in triumph trod On snake and demon, fiend and God; But yet we failed, with all our toil, To find the robber and the spoil. What can we more? If more we can, Devise, O King, and tell thy plan.”

His children’s speech King Sagar heard, And answered thus, to anger stirred: “Dig on, and ne’er your labour stay Till through earth’s depths you force your way. Then smite the robber dead, and bring The charger back with triumphing.” The sixty thousand chiefs obeyed: Deep through the earth their way they made. Deep as they dug and deeper yet The immortal elephant they met, Famed Vírúpáksha(188) vast of size, Upon whose head the broad earth lies: The mighty beast who earth sustains With shaggy hills and wooded plains. When, with the changing moon, distressed, And longing for a moment’s rest, His mighty head the monster shakes, Earth to the bottom reels and quakes. Around that warder strong and vast With reverential steps they passed. Nor, when the honour due was paid, Their downward search through earth delayed. But turning from the east aside Southward again their task they plied. There Mahápadma held his place, The best of all his mighty race, Like some huge hill, of monstrous girth, Upholding on his head the earth. When the vast beast the princes saw, They marvelled and were filled with awe. The sons of high-souled Sagar round That elephant in reverence wound. Then in the western region they With might unwearied cleft their way. There saw they with astonisht eyes Saumanas, beast of mountain size. Round him with circling steps they went With greetings kind and reverent.

On, on—no thought of rest or stay— They reached the seat of Soma’s sway. There saw they Bhadra, white as snow, With lucky marks that fortune show, Bearing the earth upon his head. Round him they paced with solemn tread, And honoured him with greetings kind, Then downward yet their way they mined. They gained the tract ’twixt east and north Whose fame is ever blazoned forth,(189) And by a storm of rage impelled, Digging through earth their course they held.

Then all the princes, lofty-souled, Of wondrous vigour, strong and bold, Saw Vásudeva(190) standing there In Kapil’s form he loved to wear, And near the everlasting God The victim charger cropped the sod. They saw with joy and eager eyes The fancied robber and the prize, And on him rushed the furious band Crying aloud, Stand, villain! stand! “Avaunt! avaunt!” great Kapil cried, His bosom flusht with passion’s tide; Then by his might that proud array All scorcht to heaps of ashes lay.(191)

XLII. Sagar’s Sacrifice

Then to the prince his grandson, bright With his own fame’s unborrowed light, King Sagar thus began to say, Marvelling at his sons’ delay: “Thou art a warrior skilled and bold, Match for the mighty men of old. Now follow on thine uncles’ course And track the robber of the horse. To guard thee take thy sword and bow, for huge and strong are beasts below. There to the reverend reverence pay, And kill the foes who check thy way; Then turn successful home and see My sacrifice complete through thee.”

Obedient to the high-souled lord Grasped Anśumán his bow and sword, And hurried forth the way to trace With youth and valour’s eager pace. On sped he by the path he found Dug by his uncles underground. The warder elephant he saw Whose size and strength pass Nature’s law, Who bears the world’s tremendous weight, Whom God, fiend, giant venerate, Bird, serpent, and each flitting shade, To him the honour meet he paid With circling steps and greeting due, And further prayed him, if he knew, To tell him of his uncles’ weal, And who had dared the horse to steal. To him in war and council tried The warder elephant replied: “Thou, son of Asamanj, shalt lead In triumph back the rescued steed.”

As to each warder beast he came And questioned all, his words the same, The honoured youth with gentle speech Drew eloquent reply from each, That fortune should his steps attend, And with the horse he home should wend. Cheered with the grateful answer, he Passed on with step more light and free, And reached with careless heart the place Where lay in ashes Sagar’s race. Then sank the spirit of the chief Beneath that shock of sudden grief, And with a bitter cry of woe He mourned his kinsmen fallen so. He saw, weighed down by woe and care, The victim charger roaming there. Yet would the pious chieftain fain Oblations offer to the slain: But, needing water for the rite, He looked and there was none in sight His quick eye searching all around The uncle of his kinsmen found, King Garuḍ, best beyond compare Of birds who wing the fields of air. Then thus unto the weeping man The son of Vinatá(192) began: “Grieve not, O hero, for their fall Who died a death approved of all. Of mighty strength, they met their fate By Kapil’s hand whom none can mate. Pour forth for them no earthly wave, A holier flood their spirits crave. If, daughter of the Lord of Snow, Gangá would turn her stream below, Her waves that cleanse all mortal stain Would wash their ashes pure again. Yea, when her flood whom all revere Rolls o’er the dust that moulders here, The sixty thousand, freed from sin, A home in Indra’s heaven shall win. Go, and with ceaseless labour try To draw the Goddess from the sky. Return, and with thee take the steed; So shall thy grandsire’s rite succeed.”

Prince Anśumán the strong and brave Followed the rede Suparṇa(193) gave. The glorious hero took the horse, And homeward quickly bent his course. Straight to the anxious king he hied, Whom lustral rites had purified, The mournful story to unfold And all the king of birds had told. The tale of woe the monarch heard, Nor longer was the rite deferred: With care and just observance he Accomplished all, as texts decree. The rites performed, with brighter fame, Mighty in counsel, home he came. He longed to bring the river down, But found no plan his wish to crown. He pondered long with anxious thought But saw no way to what he sought. Thus thirty thousand years he spent, And then to heaven the monarch went.

XLIII. Bhagírath

When Sagar thus had bowed to fate, The lords and commons of the state Approved with ready heart and will Prince Anśumán his throne to fill. He ruled, a mighty king, unblamed, Sire of Dilípa justly famed. To him, his child and worthy heir, The king resigned his kingdom’s care, And on Himálaya’s pleasant side His task austere of penance plied. Bright as a God in clear renown He planned to bring pure Gangá down. There on his fruitless hope intent Twice sixteen thousand years he spent, And in the grove of hermits stayed Till bliss in heaven his rites repaid. Dilípa then, the good and great, Soon as he learnt his kinsmen’s fate, Bowed down by woe, with troubled mind, Pondering long no cure could find. “How can I bring,” the mourner sighed, “To cleanse their dust, the heavenly tide? How can I give them rest, and save Their spirits with the offered wave?” Long with this thought his bosom skilled In holy discipline was filled. A son was born, Bhagírath named, Above all men for virtue famed. Dilípa many a rite ordained, And thirty thousand seasons reigned. But when no hope the king could see His kinsmen from their woe to free, The lord of men, by sickness tried, Obeyed the law of fate, and died; He left the kingdom to his son, And gained the heaven his deeds had won. The good Bhagírath, royal sage, Had no fair son to cheer his age. He, great in glory, pure in will, Longing for sons was childless still. Then on one wish, one thought intent, Planning the heavenly stream’s descent, Leaving his ministers the care And burden of his state to bear, Dwelling in far Gokarna(194) he Engaged in long austerity. With senses checked, with arms upraised, Five fires(195) around and o’er him blazed. Each weary month the hermit passed Breaking but once his awful fast. In winter’s chill the brook his bed, In rain, the clouds to screen his head. Thousands of years he thus endured Till Brahmá’s favour was assured, And the high Lord of living things Looked kindly on his sufferings. With trooping Gods the Sire came near The king who plied his task austere: “Blest Monarch, of a glorious race, Thy fervent rites have won my grace. Well hast thou wrought thine awful task: Some boon in turn, O Hermit, ask.”

Bhagírath, rich in glory’s light, The hero with the arm of might, Thus to the Lord of earth and sky Raised suppliant hands and made reply: “If the great God his favour deigns, And my long toil its fruit obtains, Let Sagar’s sons receive from me Libations that they long to see. Let Gangá with her holy wave The ashes of the heroes lave, That so my kinsmen may ascend To heavenly bliss that ne’er shall end. And give, I pray, O God, a son, Nor let my house be all undone. Sire of the worlds! be this the grace Bestowed upon Ikshváku’s race.”

The Sire, when thus the king had prayed, In sweet kind words his answer made. “High, high thy thought and wishes are, Bhagírath of the mighty car! Ikshváku’s line is blest in thee, And as thou prayest it shall be. Gangá, whose waves in Swarga(196) flow, Is daughter of the Lord of Snow. Win Śiva that his aid be lent To hold her in her mid descent, For earth alone will never bear Those torrents hurled from upper air; And none may hold her weight but He, The Trident wielding deity.” Thus having said, the Lord supreme Addressed him to the heavenly stream; And then with Gods and Maruts(197) went To heaven above the firmament.

XLIV. The Descent Of Gangá

The Lord of life the skies regained: The fervent king a year remained With arms upraised, refusing rest While with one toe the earth he pressed, Still as a post, with sleepless eye, The air his food, his roof the sky. The year had past. Then Umá’s lord,(198) King of creation, world adored, Thus spoke to great Bhagírath: “I, Well pleased thy wish will gratify, And on my head her waves shall fling The daughter of the Mountains’ King!”

He stood upon the lofty crest That crowns the Lord of Snow, And bade the river of the Blest Descend on earth below. Himálaya’s child, adored of all, The haughty mandate heard, And her proud bosom, at the call, With furious wrath was stirred. Down from her channel in the skies With awful might she sped With a giant’s rush, in a giant’s size, On Śiva’s holy head. “He calls me,” in her wrath she cried, “And all my flood shall sweep And whirl him in its whelming tide To hell’s profoundest deep.” He held the river on his head, And kept her wandering, where, Dense as Himálaya’s woods, were spread The tangles of his hair. No way to earth she found, ashamed, Though long and sore she strove, Condemned, until her pride were tamed, Amid his locks to rove. There, many lengthening seasons through, The wildered river ran: Bhagírath saw it, and anew His penance dire began. Then Śiva, for the hermit’s sake, Bade her long wanderings end, And sinking into Vindu’s lake Her weary waves descend. From Gangá, by the God set free, Seven noble rivers came; Hládiní, Pávaní, and she Called Naliní by name: These rolled their lucid waves along And sought the eastern side. Suchakshu, Sítá fair and strong, And Sindhu’s mighty tide—(199) These to the region of the west With joyful waters sped: The seventh, the brightest and the best, Flowed where Bhagírath led. On Śiva’s head descending first A rest the torrents found: Then down in all their might they burst And roared along the ground. On countless glittering scales the beam Of rosy morning flashed, Where fish and dolphins through the stream Fallen and falling dashed. Then bards who chant celestial lays And nymphs of heavenly birth Flocked round upon that flood to gaze That streamed from sky to earth. The Gods themselves from every sphere, Incomparably bright, Borne in their golden cars drew near To see the wondrous sight. The cloudless sky was all aflame With the light of a hundred suns Where’er the shining chariots came That bore those holy ones. So flashed the air with crested snakes And fish of every hue As when the lightning’s glory breaks Through fields of summer blue. And white foam-clouds and silver spray Were wildly tossed on high, Like swans that urge their homeward way Across the autumn sky. Now ran the river calm and clear With current strong and deep: Now slowly broadened to a mere, Or scarcely seemed to creep. Now o’er a length of sandy plain Her tranquil course she held; Now rose her waves and sank again, By refluent waves repelled. So falling first on Śiva’s head, Thence rushing to their earthly bed, In ceaseless fall the waters streamed, And pure with holy lustre gleamed. Then every spirit, sage, and bard, Condemned to earth by sentence hard, Pressed eagerly around the tide That Śiva’s touch had sanctified. Then they whom heavenly doom had hurled, Accursed, to this lower world, Touched the pure wave, and freed from sin Resought the skies and entered in. And all the world was glad, whereon The glorious water flowed and shone, For sin and stain were banished thence By the sweet river’s influence. First, in a car of heavenly frame, The royal saint of deathless name, Bhagírath, very glorious rode, And after him fair Gangá flowed. God, sage, and bard, the chief in place Of spirits and the Nága race, Nymph, giant, fiend, in long array Sped where Bhagírath led the way; And all the hosts the flood that swim Followed the stream that followed him. Where’er the great Bhagírath led, There ever glorious Gangá fled, The best of floods, the rivers’ queen, Whose waters wash the wicked clean.

It chanced that Jahnu, great and good, Engaged with holy offerings stood; The river spread her waves around Flooding his sacrificial ground. The saint in anger marked her pride, And at one draught her stream he dried. Then God, and sage, and bard, afraid, To noble high-souled Jahnu prayed, And begged that he would kindly deem His own dear child that holy stream. Moved by their suit, he soothed their fears And loosed her waters from his ears. Hence Gangá through the world is styled Both Jáhnavi and Jahnu’s child. Then onward still she followed fast, And reached the great sea bank at last. Thence deep below her way she made To end those rites so long delayed. The monarch reached the Ocean’s side, And still behind him Gangá hied. He sought the depths which open lay Where Sagar’s sons had dug their way. So leading through earth’s nether caves The river’s purifying waves, Over his kinsmen’s dust the lord His funeral libation poured. Soon as the flood their dust bedewed, Their spirits gained beatitude, And all in heavenly bodies dressed Rose to the skies’ eternal rest.

Then thus to King Bhagírath said Brahmá, when, coming at the head Of all his bright celestial train, He saw those spirits freed from stain: “Well done! great Prince of men, well done! Thy kinsmen bliss and heaven have won. The sons of Sagar mighty-souled, Are with the Blest, as Gods, enrolled, Long as the Ocean’s flood shall stand Upon the border of the land, So long shall Sagar’s sons remain, And, godlike, rank in heaven retain. Gangá thine eldest child shall be, Called from thy name Bhágirathí; Named also—for her waters fell From heaven and flow through earth and hell— Tripathagá, stream of the skies, Because three paths she glorifies. And, mighty King, ’tis given thee now To free thee and perform thy vow. No longer, happy Prince, delay Drink-offerings to thy kin to pay. For this the holiest Sagar sighed, But mourned the boon he sought denied. Then Anśumán, dear Prince! although No brighter name the world could show, Strove long the heavenly flood to gain To visit earth, but strove in vain. Nor was she by the sages’ peer, Blest with all virtues, most austere, Thy sire Dilípa, hither brought, Though with fierce prayers the boon he sought. But thou, O King, earned success, And won high fame which God will bless. Through thee, O victor of thy foes, On earth this heavenly Gangá flows, And thou hast gained the meed divine That waits on virtue such as thine. Now in her ever holy wave Thyself, O best of heroes, lave: So shalt thou, pure from every sin, The blessed fruit of merit win. Now for thy kin who died of yore The meet libations duly pour. Above the heavens I now ascend: Depart, and bliss thy steps attend.”

Thus to the mighty king who broke His foemens’ might, Lord Brahmá spoke, And with his Gods around him rose To his own heaven of blest repose. The royal sage no more delayed, But, the libation duly paid, Home to his regal city hied With water cleansed and purified. There ruled he his ancestral state, Best of all men, most fortunate. And all the people joyed again In good Bhagírath’s gentle reign. Rich, prosperous, and blest were they, And grief and sickness fled away. Thus, Ráma, I at length have told How Gangá came from heaven of old. Now, for the evening passes swift, I wish thee each auspicious gift. This story of the flood’s descent Will give—for ’tis most excellent— Wealth, purity, fame, length of days, And to the skies its hearers raise”

XLV. The Quest Of The Amrit

High and more high their wonder rose As the strange story reached its close, And thus, with Lakshmaṇ, Ráma, best Of Raghu’s sons, the saint addressed: “Most wondrous is the tale which thou Hast told of heavenly Gangá, how From realms above descending she Flowed through the land and filled the sea. In thinking o’er what thou hast said The night has like a moment fled, Whose hours in musing have been spent Upon thy words most excellent: So much, O holy Sage, thy lore Has charmed us with this tale of yore.”

Day dawned. The morning rites were done And the victorious Raghu’s son Addressed the sage in words like these, Rich in his long austerities: “The night is past: the morn is clear; Told is the tale so good to hear: Now o’er that river let us go, Three-pathed, the best of all that flow. This boat stands ready on the shore To bear the holy hermits o’er, Who of thy coming warned, in haste, The barge upon the bank have placed.”

And Kuśik’s son approved his speech, And moving to the sandy beach, Placed in the boat the hermit band, And reached the river’s further strand. On the north bank their feet they set, And greeted all the saints they met. On Gangá’s shore they lighted down, And saw Viśálá’s lovely town. Thither, the princes by his side, The best of holy hermits hied. It was a town exceeding fair That might with heaven itself compare. Then, suppliant palm to palm applied, Famed Ráma asked his holy guide: “O best of hermits, say what race Of monarchs rules this lovely place. Dear master, let my prayer prevail, For much I long to hear the tale.” Moved by his words, the saintly man Viśálá’s ancient tale began: “List, Ráma, list, with closest heed The tale of Indra’s wondrous deed, And mark me as I truly tell What here in ancient days befell. Ere Krita’s famous Age(200) had fled, Strong were the sons of Diti(201) bred; And Aditi’s brave children too Were very mighty, good, and true. The rival brothers fierce and bold Were sons of Kaśyap lofty-souled. Of sister mothers born, they vied, Brood against brood, in jealous pride. Once, as they say, band met with band, And, joined in awful council, planned To live, unharmed by age and time, Immortal in their youthful prime. Then this was, after due debate, The counsel of the wise and great, To churn with might the milky sea(202) The life-bestowing drink to free. This planned, they seized the Serpent King, Vásuki, for their churning-string, And Mandar’s mountain for their pole, And churned with all their heart and soul. As thus, a thousand seasons through, This way and that the snake they drew, Biting the rocks, each tortured head, A very deadly venom shed. Thence, bursting like a mighty flame, A pestilential poison came, Consuming, as it onward ran, The home of God, and fiend, and man. Then all the suppliant Gods in fear To Śankar,(203) mighty lord, drew near. To Rudra, King of Herds, dismayed, “Save us, O save us, Lord!” they prayed. Then Vishṇu, bearing shell, and mace, And discus, showed his radiant face, And thus addressed in smiling glee The Trident wielding deity: “What treasure first the Gods upturn From troubled Ocean, as they churn, Should—for thou art the eldest—be Conferred, O best of Gods, on thee. Then come, and for thy birthright’s sake, This venom as thy first fruits take.” He spoke, and vanished from their sight, When Śiva saw their wild affright, And heard his speech by whom is borne The mighty bow of bending horn,(204) The poisoned flood at once he quaffed As ’twere the Amrit’s heavenly draught. Then from the Gods departing went Śiva, the Lord pre-eminent. The host of Gods and Asurs still Kept churning with one heart and will. But Mandar’s mountain, whirling round, Pierced to the depths below the ground. Then Gods and bards in terror flew To him who mighty Madhu slew. “Help of all beings! more than all, The Gods on thee for aid may call. Ward off, O mighty-armed! our fate, And bear up Mandar’s threatening weight.” Then Vishṇu, as their need was sore, The semblance of a tortoise wore, And in the bed of Ocean lay The mountain on his back to stay. Then he, the soul pervading all, Whose locks in radiant tresses fall, One mighty arm extended still, And grasped the summit of the hill. So ranged among the Immortals, he Joined in the churning of the sea.

A thousand years had reached their close, When calmly from the ocean rose The gentle sage(205) with staff and can, Lord of the art of healing man. Then as the waters foamed and boiled, As churning still the Immortals toiled, Of winning face and lovely frame, Forth sixty million fair ones came. Born of the foam and water, these Were aptly named Apsarases.(206) Each had her maids. The tongue would fail— So vast the throng—to count the tale. But when no God or Titan wooed A wife from all that multitude, Refused by all, they gave their love In common to the Gods above. Then from the sea still vext and wild Rose Surá,(207) Varuṇ’s maiden child. A fitting match she sought to find: But Diti’s sons her love declined, Their kinsmen of the rival brood To the pure maid in honour sued. Hence those who loved that nymph so fair The hallowed name of Suras bear. And Asurs are the Titan crowd Her gentle claims who disallowed. Then from the foamy sea was freed Uchchaihśravas,(208) the generous steed, And Kaustubha, of gems the gem,(209) And Soma, Moon God, after them.

At length when many a year had fled, Up floated, on her lotus bed, A maiden fair and tender-eyed, In the young flush of beauty’s pride. She shone with pearl and golden sheen, And seals of glory stamped her queen, On each round arm glowed many a gem, On her smooth brows, a diadem. Rolling in waves beneath her crown The glory of her hair flowed down, Pearls on her neck of price untold, The lady shone like burnisht gold. Queen of the Gods, she leapt to land, A lotus in her perfect hand, And fondly, of the lotus-sprung, To lotus-bearing Vishṇu clung. Her Gods above and men below As Beauty’s Queen and Fortune know.(210) Gods, Titans, and the minstrel train Still churned and wrought the troubled main. At length the prize so madly sought, The Amrit, to their sight was brought. For the rich spoil, ’twixt these and those A fratricidal war arose, And, host ’gainst host in battle, set, Aditi’s sons and Diti’s met. United, with the giants’ aid, Their fierce attack the Titans made, And wildly raged for many a day That universe-astounding fray. When wearied arms were faint to strike, And ruin threatened all alike, Vishṇu, with art’s illusive aid, The Amrit from their sight conveyed. That Best of Beings smote his foes Who dared his deathless arm oppose: Yea, Vishṇu, all-pervading God, Beneath his feet the Titans trod Aditi’s race, the sons of light, slew Diti’s brood in cruel fight. Then town-destroying(211) Indra gained His empire, and in glory reigned O’er the three worlds with bard and sage Rejoicing in his heritage.

XLVI. Diti’s Hope

But Diti, when her sons were slain, Wild with a childless mother’s pain, To Kaśyap spake, Marícha’s son, Her husband: “O thou glorious one! Dead are the children, mine no more, The mighty sons to thee I bore. Long fervour’s meed, I crave a boy Whose arm may Indra’s life destroy. The toil and pain my care shall be: To bless my hope depends on thee. Give me a mighty son to slay Fierce Indra, gracious lord! I pray.”

Then glorious Kaśyap thus replied To Diti, as she wept and sighed: “Thy prayer is heard, dear saint! Remain Pure from all spot, and thou shalt gain A son whose arm shall take the life Of Indra in the battle strife. For full a thousand years endure Free from all stain, supremely pure; Then shall thy son and mine appear, Whom the three worlds shall serve with fear.” These words the glorious Kaśyap said, Then gently stroked his consort’s head, Blessed her, and bade a kind adieu, And turned him to his rites anew. Soon as her lord had left her side, Her bosom swelled with joy and pride. She sought the shade of holy boughs, And there began her awful vows. While yet she wrought her rites austere, Indra, unbidden, hastened near, With sweet observance tending her, A reverential minister. Wood, water, fire, and grass he brought, Sweet roots and woodland fruit he sought, And all her wants, the Thousand-eyed, With never-failing care, supplied, With tender love and soft caress Removing pain and weariness.

When, of the thousand years ordained, Ten only unfulfilled remained, Thus to her son, the Thousand-eyed, The Goddess in her triumph cried: “Best of the mighty! there remain But ten short years of toil and pain; These years of penance soon will flee, And a new brother thou shalt see. Him for thy sake I’ll nobly breed, And lust of war his soul shall feed; Then free from care and sorrow thou Shalt see the worlds before him bow.”(212)

XLVII. Sumati

Thus to Lord Indra, Thousand-eyed, Softly beseeching Diti sighed. When but a blighted bud was left, Which Indra’s hand in seven had cleft:(213) “No fault, O Lord of Gods, is thine; The blame herein is only mine. But for one grace I fain would pray, As thou hast reft this hope away. This bud, O Indra, which a blight Has withered ere it saw the light— From this may seven fair spirits rise To rule the regions of the skies. Be theirs through heaven’s unbounded space On shoulders of the winds to race, My children, drest in heavenly forms, Far-famed as Maruts, Gods of storms. One God to Brahmá’s sphere assign, Let one, O Indra, watch o’er thine; And ranging through the lower air, The third the name of Váyu(214) bear. Gods let the four remaining be, And roam through space, obeying thee.”

The Town-destroyer, Thousand-eyed, Who smote fierce Bali till he died, Joined suppliant hands, and thus replied: “Thy children heavenly forms shall wear; The names devised by thee shall bear, And, Maruts called by my decree, Shall Amrit drink and wait on me. From fear and age and sickness freed, Through the three worlds their wings shall speed.”

Thus in the hermits’ holy shade Mother and son their compact made, And then, as fame relates, content, Home to the happy skies they went. This is the spot—so men have told— Where Lord Mahendra(215) dwelt of old, This is the blessed region where His votaress mother claimed his care. Here gentle Alambúshá bare To old Ikshváku, king and sage, Viśála, glory of his age, By whom, a monarch void of guilt, Was this fair town Viśálá built. His son was Hemachandra, still Renowned for might and warlike skill. From him the great Suchandra came; His son, Dhúmráśva, dear to fame. Next followed royal Srinjay; then Famed Sahadeva, lord of men. Next came Kuśáśva, good and mild, Whose son was Somadatta styled, And Sumati, his heir, the peer Of Gods above, now governs here. And ever through Ikshváku’s grace, Viśálá’s kings, his noble race, Are lofty-souled, and blest with length Of days, with virtue, and with strength. This night, O prince, we here will sleep; And when the day begins to peep, Our onward way will take with thee, The king of Míthilá to see.”

Then Sumati, the king, aware Of Viśvámitra’s advent there, Came quickly forth with honour meet The lofty-minded sage to greet. Girt with his priest and lords the king Did low obeisance, worshipping, With suppliant hands, with head inclined, Thus spoke he after question kind; “Since thou hast deigned to bless my sight, And grace awhile thy servant’s seat, High fate is mine, great Anchorite, And none may with my bliss compete.”

XLVIII. Indra And Ahalyá

When mutual courtesies had past, Viśálá’s ruler spoke at last: “These princely youths, O Sage, who vie In might with children of the sky, Heroic, born for happy fate, With elephants’ or lions’ gait, Bold as the tiger or the bull, With lotus eyes so large and full, Armed with the quiver, sword, and bow, Whose figures like the Aśvins(216) show, Like children of the deathless Powers, Come freely to these shades of ours,(217)— How have they reached on foot this place? What do they seek, and what their race? As sun and moon adorn the sky, This spot the heroes glorify. Alike in stature, port, and mien, The same fair form in each is seen,”

He spoke; and at the monarch’s call The best of hermits told him all, How in the grove with him they dwelt, And slaughter to the demons dealt. Then wonder filled the monarch’s breast, Who tended well each royal guest. Thus entertained, the princely pair Remained that night and rested there, And with the morn’s returning ray To Mithilá pursued their way.

When Janak’s lovely city first Upon their sight, yet distant, burst, The hermits all with joyful cries Hailed the fair town that met their eyes. Then Ráma saw a holy wood, Close, in the city’s neighbourhood, O’ergrown, deserted, marked by age, And thus addressed the mighty sage: “O reverend lord. I long to know What hermit dwelt here long ago.” Then to the prince his holy guide, Most eloquent of men, replied: “O Ráma, listen while I tell Whose was this grove, and what befell When in the fury of his rage The high saint cursed the hermitage. This was the grove—most lovely then— Of Gautam, O thou best of men, Like heaven itself, most honoured by The Gods who dwell above the sky. Here with Ahalyá at his side His fervid task the ascetic plied. Years fled in thousands. On a day It chanced the saint had gone away, When Town-destroying Indra came, And saw the beauty of the dame. The sage’s form the God endued, And thus the fair Ahalyá wooed: “Love, sweet! should brook no dull delay But snatch the moments when he may.” She knew him in the saint’s disguise, Lord Indra of the Thousand Eyes, But touched by love’s unholy fire, She yielded to the God’s desire.

“Now, Lord of Gods!” she whispered, “flee, From Gautam save thyself and me.” Trembling with doubt and wild with dread Lord Indra from the cottage fled; But fleeing in the grove he met The home-returning anchoret, Whose wrath the Gods and fiends would shun, Such power his fervent rites had won. Fresh from the lustral flood he came, In splendour like the burning flame, With fuel for his sacred rites, And grass, the best of eremites. The Lord of Gods was sad of cheer To see the mighty saint so near, And when the holy hermit spied In hermit’s garb the Thousand-eyed, He knew the whole, his fury broke Forth on the sinner as he spoke: “Because my form thou hast assumed, And wrought this folly, thou art doomed, For this my curse to thee shall cling, Henceforth a sad and sexless thing.”

No empty threat that sentence came, It chilled his soul and marred his frame, His might and godlike vigour fled, And every nerve was cold and dead.

Then on his wife his fury burst, And thus the guilty dame he cursed: “For countless years, disloyal spouse, Devoted to severest vows, Thy bed the ashes, air thy food, Here shalt thou live in solitude. This lonely grove thy home shall be, And not an eye thy form shall see. When Ráma, Daśaratha’s child, Shall seek these shades then drear and wild, His coming shall remove thy stain, And make the sinner pure again. Due honour paid to him, thy guest, Shall cleanse thy fond and erring breast, Thee to my side in bliss restore, And give thy proper shape once more.”(218)

Thus to his guilty wife he said, Then far the holy Gautam fled, And on Himálaya’s lovely heights Spent the long years in sternest rites.”

XLIX. Ahalyá Freed

Then Ráma, following still his guide, Within the grove, with Lakshmaṇ, hied, Her vows a wondrous light had lent To that illustrious penitent. He saw the glorious lady, screened From eye of man, and God, and fiend, Like some bright portent which the care Of Brahmá launches through the air, Designed by his illusive art To flash a moment and depart: Or like the flame that leaps on high To sink involved in smoke and die: Or like the full moon shining through The wintry mist, then lost to view: Or like the sun’s reflection, cast Upon the flood, too bright to last: So was the glorious dame till then Removed from Gods’ and mortals’ ken, Till—such was Gautam’s high decree— Prince Ráma came to set her free.

Then, with great joy that dame to meet, The sons of Raghu clapped her feet; And she, remembering Gautam’s oath, With gentle grace received them both; Then water for their feet she gave, Guest-gift, and all that strangers crave.

The prince, of courteous rule aware, Received, as meet, the lady’s care. Then flowers came down in copious rain, And moving to the heavenly strain Of music in the skies that rang, The nymphs and minstrels danced and sang: And all the Gods with one glad voice Praised the great dame, and cried, “Rejoice! Through fervid rites no more defiled, But with thy husband reconciled.” Gautam, the holy hermit knew— For naught escaped his godlike view— That Ráma lodged beneath that shade, And hasting there his homage paid. He took Ahalyá to his side, From sin and folly purified, And let his new-found consort bear In his austerities a share.

Then Ráma, pride of Raghu’s race, Welcomed by Gautam, face to face, Who every highest honour showed, To Mithilá pursued his road.

L. Janak

The sons of Raghu journeyed forth, Bending their steps ’twixt east and north. Soon, guided by the sage, they found, Enclosed, a sacrificial ground. Then to the best of saints, his guide, In admiration Ráma cried:

“The high-souled king no toil has spared, But nobly for his rite prepared, How many thousand Bráhmans here, From every region, far and near, Well read in holy lore, appear! How many tents, that sages screen, With wains in hundreds, here are seen! Great Bráhman, let us find a place Where we may stay and rest a space.” The hermit did as Ráma prayed, And in a spot his lodging made, Far from the crowd, sequestered, clear, With copious water flowing near.

Then Janak, best of kings, aware Of Viśvámitra lodging there, With Śatánanda for his guide— The priest on whom he most relied, His chaplain void of guile and stain— And others of his priestly train, Bearing the gift that greets the guest, To meet him with all honour pressed. The saint received with gladsome mind Each honour and observance kind: Then of his health he asked the king, And how his rites were prospering, Janak, with chaplain and with priest, Addressed the hermits, chief and least, Accosting all, in due degree, With proper words of courtesy. Then, with his palms together laid, The king his supplication made: “Deign, reverend lord, to sit thee down With these good saints of high renown.” Then sate the chief of hermits there, Obedient to the monarch’s prayer. Chaplain and priest, and king and peer, Sate in their order, far or near. Then thus the king began to say: “The Gods have blest my rite to-day, And with the sight of thee repaid The preparations I have made. Grateful am I, so highly blest, That thou, of saints the holiest, Hast come, O Bráhman, here with all These hermits to the festival. Twelve days, O Bráhman Sage, remain— For so the learned priests ordain— And then, O heir of Kuśik’s name, The Gods will come their dues to claim.”

With looks that testified delight Thus spake he to the anchorite, Then with his suppliant hands upraised, He asked, as earnestly he gazed: “These princely youths, O Sage, who vie In might with children of the sky, Heroic, born for happy fate, With elephants’ or lions’ gait, Bold as the tiger and the bull, With lotus eyes so large and full, Armed with the quiver, sword and bow, Whose figures like the Aśvins show, Like children of the heavenly Powers, Come freely to these shades of ours,— How have they reached on foot this place? What do they seek, and what their race? As sun and moon adorn the sky, This spot the heroes glorify: Alike in stature, port, and mien, The same fair form in each is seen.”(219)

Thus spoke the monarch, lofty-souled, The saint, of heart unfathomed, told How, sons of Daśaratha, they Accompanied his homeward way, How in the hermitage they dwelt, And slaughter to the demons dealt: Their journey till the spot they neared Whence fair Viśálá’s towers appeared: Ahalyá seen and freed from taint; Their meeting with her lord the saint; And how they thither came, to know The virtue of the famous bow.

Thus Viśvámitra spoke the whole To royal Janak, great of soul, And when this wondrous tale was o’er, The glorious hermit said no more.

LI. Visvámitra

Wise Viśvámitra’s tale was done: Then sainted Gautam’s eldest son, Great Śatánanda, far-renowned, Whom long austerities had crowned With glory—as the news he heard The down upon his body stirred,— Filled full of wonder at the sight Of Ráma, felt supreme delight. When Śatánanda saw the pair Of youthful princes seated there, He turned him to the holy man Who sate at ease, and thus began: “And didst thou, mighty Sage, in truth Show clearly to this royal youth My mother, glorious far and wide, Whom penance-rites have sanctified? And did my glorious mother—she, Heiress of noble destiny— Serve her great guest with woodland store, Whom all should honour evermore? Didst thou the tale to Ráma tell Of what in ancient days befell, The sin, the misery, and the shame Of guilty God and faithless dame? And, O thou best of hermits, say, Did Ráma’s healing presence stay Her trial? was the wife restored Again to him, my sire and lord? Say, Hermit, did that sire of mine Receive her with a soul benign, When long austerities in time Had cleansed her from the taint of crime? And, son of Kuśik, let me know, Did my great-minded father show Honour to Ráma, and regard, Before he journeyed hitherward?” The hermit with attentive ear Marked all the questions of the seer: To him for eloquence far-famed, His eloquent reply he framed: “Yea, ’twas my care no task to shun, And all I had to do was done; As Reṇuká and Bhrigu’s child, The saint and dame were reconciled.”

When the great sage had thus replied, To Ráma Śatánanda cried: “A welcome visit, Prince, is thine, Thou scion of King Raghu’s line. With him to guide thy way aright, This sage invincible in might, This Bráhman sage, most glorious-bright, By long austerities has wrought A wondrous deed, exceeding thought: Thou knowest well, O strong of arm, This sure defence from scathe and harm. None, Ráma, none is living now In all the earth more blest than thou, That thou hast won a saint so tried In fervid rites thy life to guide. Now listen, Prince, while I relate His lofty deeds and wondrous fate. He was a monarch pious-souled. His foemen in the dust he rolled; Most learned, prompt at duty’s claim, His people’s good his joy and aim.

Of old the Lord of Life gave birth To mighty Kuśa, king of earth. His son was Kuśanábha, strong, Friend of the right, the foe of wrong. Gádhi, whose fame no time shall dim, Heir of his throne was born to him, And Viśvámitra, Gádhi’s heir, Governed the land with kingly care. While years unnumbered rolled away The monarch reigned with equal sway. At length, assembling many a band, He led his warriors round the land— Complete in tale, a mighty force, Cars, elephants, and foot, and horse. Through cities, groves, and floods he passed, O’er lofty hills, through regions vast. He reached Vaśishṭha’s pure abode, Where trees, and flowers, and creepers glowed, Where troops of sylvan creatures fed; Which saints and angels visited. Gods, fauns, and bards of heavenly race, And spirits, glorified the place; The deer their timid ways forgot, And holy Bráhmans thronged the spot. Bright in their souls, like fire, were these, Made pure by long austerities, Bound by the rule of vows severe, And each in glory Brahmá’s peer. Some fed on water, some on air, Some on the leaves that withered there. Roots and wild fruit were others’ food; All rage was checked, each sense subdued, There Bálakhilyas(220) went and came, Now breathed the prayer, now fed the flame: These, and ascetic bands beside, The sweet retirement beautified. Such was Vaśishṭha’s blest retreat, Like Brahmá’s own celestial seat, Which gladdened Viśvámitra’s eyes, Peerless for warlike enterprise.

LII. Vasishtha’s Feast

Right glad was Viśvámitra when He saw the prince of saintly men. Low at his feet the hero bent, And did obeisance, reverent.

The king was welcomed in, and shown A seat beside the hermit’s own, Who offered him, when resting there, Fruit in due course, and woodland fare. And Viśvámitra, noblest king, Received Vaśishṭha’s welcoming, Turned to his host, and prayed him tell That he and all with him were well. Vaśishṭha to the king replied That all was well on every side, That fire, and vows, and pupils throve, And all the trees within the grove. And then the son of Brahmá, best Of all who pray with voice suppressed, Questioned with pleasant words like these The mighty king who sate at ease: “And is it well with thee? I pray; And dost thou win by virtuous sway Thy people’s love, discharging all The duties on a king that fall? Are all thy servants fostered well? Do all obey, and none rebel? Hast thou, destroyer of the foe, No enemies to overthrow? Does fortune, conqueror! still attend Thy treasure, host, and every friend? Is it all well? Does happy fate On sons and children’s children wait?”

He spoke. The modest king replied That all was prosperous far and wide.

Thus for awhile the two conversed, As each to each his tale rehearsed, And as the happy moments flew, Their joy and friendship stronger grew. When such discourse had reached an end, Thus spoke the saint most reverend To royal Viśvámitra, while His features brightened with a smile: “O mighty lord of men. I fain Would banquet thee and all thy train In mode that suits thy station high: And do not thou my prayer deny. Let my good lord with favour take The offering that I fain would make, And let me honour, ere we part, My royal guest with loving heart.”

Him Viśvámitra thus addressed: “Why make, O Saint, this new request? Thy welcome and each gracious word Sufficient honour have conferred. Thou gavest roots and fruit to eat, The treasures of this pure retreat, And water for my mouth and feet; And—boon I prize above the rest— Thy presence has mine eyesight blest. Honoured by thee in every way, To whom all honour all should pay, I now will go. My lord, Good-bye! Regard me with a friendly eye.”

Him speaking thus Vaśishṭha stayed, And still to share his banquet prayed. The will of Gádhi’s son he bent, And won the monarch to consent, Who spoke in answer. “Let it be, Great Hermit, as it pleases thee.” When, best of those who breathe the prayer, He heard the king his will declare, He called the cow of spotted skin, All spot without, all pure within. “Come, Dapple-skin,” he cried, “with speed; Hear thou my words and help at need. My heart is set to entertain This monarch and his mighty train With sumptuous meal and worthy fare; Be thine the banquet to prepare. Each dainty cate, each goodly dish, Of six-fold taste(221) as each may wish— All these, O cow of heavenly power, Rain down for me in copious shower: Viands and drink for tooth and lip, To eat, to suck, to quaff, to sip— Of these sufficient, and to spare, O plenty-giving cow, prepare.”