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THE PROPAGANDA FOR REFORM
IN
Proprietary Medicines
VOLUME 2
IV. Journal Contributions: Miscellany
PRESS OF AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, FIVE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIVE NORTH DEARBORN STREET,--CHICAGO
1922
COPYRIGHT, 1922 BY THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
PREFACE TO VOLUME 2
There were nine editions of the first volume of The Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines. The ninth edition contained the most important reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry and of the Chemical Laboratory. It contained also those articles from The Journal of the American Medical Association (up to, and including, 1916) which dealt with the problems of proprietaryship in medicine and the furtherance of rational drug therapy.
The present volume contains similar material covering the period from January, 1917, to April, 1922, inclusive. Like Volume 1, this volume is divided into four parts:
Part I. THE COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY: This section presents the principles and rules which govern the Council in the examination of medicaments, together with articles and reports bearing on the work of the Council, and the most important reports of the Council from 1917 to April, 1922, inclusive.
Part II. THE A. M. A. CHEMICAL LABORATORY: This section, besides presenting the aims and objects of the Association’s Chemical Laboratory, also outlines some of the Laboratory’s work which is of particular interest to physicians.
Part III. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE JOURNAL: Proprietary Products: This part contains articles on proprietary medicinal preparations and the methods by which they are exploited, which have appeared in The Journal A. M. A.
Part IV. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE JOURNAL: MISCELLANY: In this section are articles dealing with matters of interest to the medical profession but not coming strictly under the classification of proprietary medicinal preparations.
A comparison of the material that has appeared in Volume 1 of The Propaganda for Reform with that which appears in this volume will reveal the changing conditions in the proprietary medicine field. Many of the reports in the first volume brought out the fact that medicinal preparations were at that time foisted on the profession with false claims of composition; reports of this character are less conspicuous in the present volume. Many of the reports in Volume 2 deal with unwarranted therapeutic claims, especially those advanced for animal organ preparations, serums, vaccines, preparations for intravenous medication, etc. The present volume will also be found of interest in its portrayal of the changed conditions in the proprietary medicine business brought about by the World War.
Special attention is directed to the index in this volume. It is, in effect, a bibliography, including references not only to articles in this book but also (1) to articles which appeared in Volume 1; (2) to articles on the same general subject in The Journal of the American Medical Association, and (3) to the articles appearing in the annual reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry and of the A. M. A. Chemical Laboratory, but not reprinted in either volume of the Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines.
PREFACE TO VOLUME 1: NINTH EDITION
From time to time The Journal of the American Medical Association has published the reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry and the Chemical Laboratory, as well as other matter on proprietary medicines. Repeated requests for some of the matter have led to the compilation of “The Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines,” which, in the present volume, attains its ninth edition.
The seventh, eighth and ninth editions have been compiled on slightly different principles from their predecessors. The therapeutic reform work of The Journal and of the Association’s Chemical Laboratory was at first confined almost entirely to the criticism and analysis of the so-called ethical proprietaries. This was right; the medical profession owed it to the public to combat the nostrum evil within its own ranks.
As the more flagrant evils of the “ethical proprietary” question were mitigated, the Association has turned the light on the more widespread and dangerous “patent medicine” evil. The articles devoted to “patent medicines” or quackery being naturally of greater interest to the general public than to the medical profession, the number of inquiries from laymen regarding various quacks and nostrums has steadily increased. It has been thought best, therefore, to publish separately all of the matter from The Journal relative to quackery and to those nostrums exploited only or chiefly to the public, and to include in the Propaganda for Reform practically none of the matter that is of direct interest primarily to laymen. In one or two instances in which the subjects were of equal interest to the profession and to the public, matter that has already appeared in “Nostrums and Quackery” is also given here; but as a general rule the contents of the ninth edition of “The Propaganda for Reform” are of strictly professional interest. Those physicians who are desirous of obtaining in convenient form the matter dealing with “patent medicines” should order the book “Nostrums and Quackery” or the various pamphlets on the same subjects that have been issued since “Nostrums and Quackery” came from the press.
The ninth edition of “Propaganda for Reform” contains a number of new articles, greatly increasing the size of the book. It also contains one novel feature which greatly enhances its value. The index includes references not only to articles in the book, but also to matter on proprietaries not accepted by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry which appeared in The Journal of the American Medical Association and elsewhere. This index makes of this edition of “Propaganda for Reform” a very full work of reference on proprietaries which are undeserving of recognition. It should be understood, however, that not all articles indexed are condemned; some are merely discussed and compared.
RESOLUTION ENDORSING THE WORK OF THE COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY
Presented at the San Francisco Session and Signed by All the Members of the House of Delegates in Attendance
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Resolved, We, Members of the House of Delegates of the American | | Medical Association, believe that every effort must be made to | | do away with the evils which result from the exploitation of the | | sick for the sake of gain. Earnestly believing that the continued | | toleration of secret, semisecret, unscientific or untruthfully | | advertised proprietary medicines is an evil that is inimical to | | medical progress and to the best interest of the public, we | | declare ourselves in sympathy with, endorse and by our best | | efforts will further, the work which has been, and is being, done | | by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical | | Association in the attempt to eliminate this evil. | +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
I. COUNCIL REPORTS
PAGE
Foreword 1
Official Rules of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry 3
The Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, Present and Future 12
“Accepted by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry” 19
Helping the Council 20
Delays in Passing on Products 20
Cooperation of the Pharmaceutical Houses 21
Budwell’s Emulsion of Cod-Liver Oil, Nos. 1 and 2 22
Rheumalgine 23
Gray’s Glycerine Tonic 24
Tongaline and Ponca Compound 26
Alfatone 28
Uricsol 30
Jubol 31
Urodonal 32
Formamint 33
Hydragogin 41
Filudine 41
Lactopeptine and Elixir Lactopeptine 43
Iodum-Miller and Iod-Izd-Oil (Miller’s) 49
Elixir Iodo-Bromide of Calcium Comp. “Without Mercury” and “With Mercury” 52
Lecithin Preparations Omitted from N. N. R. 53
Proprietary Names for Liquid Petrolatum 55
Seng 55
Frosst’s Blaud Capsules 56
Tyree’s Elixir of Buchu and Hyoscyamus Compound 57
Hydroleine 58
Curative Vaccine, Bruschettini 58
Stearn’s Wine 59
Protonuclein and Protonuclein Beta 59
Hydropsin 61
Digitalysatum 63
So-Called Secretin Preparations 64
Has Secretin a Therapeutic Value? 65
Radio-Rem 79
Olio-Phlogosis 79
The Hypophosphite Fallacy 80
Pulvoids Calcylates 85
Sulfuryl Monal 86
Mark White Goiter Serum and Mark White Iodinized Oil 87
Kora-Konia 92
The Therapeutic Value of the Glycerophosphates 93
Hydras 96
Bromin-Iodin Compound 97
Ammonium Hypophosphite Omitted from N. N. R. 98
Alphozone Omitted from N. N. R. 99
Calcium Glycerophosphate and Sodium Glycerophosphate Omitted from N. N. R. 99
Gardner’s Syrup of Ammonium Hypophosphite Omitted from N. N. R. 100
Gluten Products Made by the Kellogg Food Company 100
Iodo-Mangan Omitted from N. N. R. 106
Liquid Albolene 106
Naphey’s Medicated Uterine Wafers 107
Nujol 108
Pulvoids Natrium Compound 108
Saloform 110
Secretogen 110
Iron Citrate Green 115
Aspirin 116
Pil. Cascara Compound-Robins 117
Casta-Flora 118
Firwein 119
Firolyptol Plain and Firolyptol with Kreosote 120
Biniodol 121
Comparative Symptoms Resulting from the Use of Several Oily Suspensions of Red Mercuric Iodid (Mercury Biniodid) 123
Corpora Lutea (Soluble Extract), Parke, Davis & Co. 128
Wheeler’s Tissue Phosphates 129
The Claimed Galactagogue Effects of Nutrolactis and Goat’s Rue Not Substantiated 131
The Alleged Galactagogue Action of Galega and Nutrolactis 131
The Russell Emulsion and the Russell Prepared Green Bone 134
Brom-I-Phos 136
Creosote-Delson and Creofos 137
Triner’s American Elixir of Bitter Wine 139
Trimethol 140
Ferrivine, Intramine and Collosol Iodine 144
Eskay’s Neuro Phosphates 146
K-Y Lubricating Jelly 147
Ziratol 148
Gonosan 150
Alcresta Ipecac 153
Iodeol and Iodagol 154
Capsules Bismuth Resorcinol Compound Not Admitted to N. N. R. 157
Dixon’s Tubercle Bacilli Extract and Dixon’s Suspension of Dead Tubercle Bacilli 158
Formosol 158
Iodolene, a Solution of Iodin in Liquid Petrolatum, Inadmissible to N. N. R. 159
Kalak Water 160
Minson’s Soluble Iodin “Kelpidine” Not Admitted to N. N. R. 161
Nutone 162
Tri-Arsenole, L. O. Compound No. 1 and L. O. Compound No. 2 163
Unctol 166
V-E-M (Schoonmaker Laboratories, Inc.) 166
Hemo-Therapin 168
Venosal 169
Secretin-Beveridge and the U. S. Patent Law 170
The Question of the Stability of Secretin 171
Need for Patent Law Revision 177
Surgodine 180
Medeol Suppositories 181
Guaiodine 183
Several “Mixed” Vaccines Not Admitted to N. N. R. 184
Ophthalmol-Lindemann 189
Silvol Ineligible for N.N.R 189
Katharmon 191
Iodinized Emulsion (Scott) and Creosotonic (Scott) 192
Campetrodin and Campetrodin No. 2 193
Carminzym 194
Phillips’ Phospho-Muriate of Quinine Comp 197
B. Iodine and B. Oleum Iodine 198
B. Iodine Products 199
Antithyroid Preparations (Antithyroidin-Moebius and Thyreoidectin) Omitted from N. N. R. 202
Cephaelin and Syrup Cephaelin-Lilly Omitted from N. N. R. and Syrup Emetic-Lilly Not Accepted 203
Colalin Omitted from N. N. R. 203
Foral 204
Granular Effervescent Bromide and Acetanilid Compound-Mulford 206
Holadin and Bile Salt Mixtures 207
Liquor Santaiva, S. & D., Omitted from N. N. R. 211
Maltzyme, Maltzyme with Cascara Sagrada, Maltzyme with Cod Liver Oil, Maltzyme Ferrated and Maltzyme with Yerba Santa Omitted from N. N. R. 211
Methaform Omitted from N. N. R. 212
Pineal Gland, Red Bone-Marrow and Thymus Gland and Their Preparations Omitted from N. N. R. 213
Piperazine and Lycetol Omitted from N. N. R. 214
Stanolind Liquid Paraffin Omitted from N. N. R. 214
Westerfield’s Digitalis Tablets 215
Xeroform-Heyden and Bismuth Tribromphenate-Merck Omitted from N. N. R. 216
Cream of Mustard Refused Recognition 218
“Pluriglandular” Mixtures 218
Cerelene Not Admitted to N. N. R. 219
Collosol Cocaine Not Admitted to N. N. R. 221
Cuprase Not Admitted to N. N. R. 222
Collosol Preparations 223
Pulvoids Calcylates Compound 226
Proteogens of the Wm. S. Merrell Company 227
“Arsenoven S. S.” and “Arseno-Meth-Hyd” 231
Hormotone and Hormotone Without Post-Pituitary 234
Formaldehyde Lozenges 235
Lavoris 237
Medinal 239
Omission of Cotarnin Salts (Stypticin and Styptol) from N. N. R. 240
Micajah’s Wafers and Micajah’s Suppositories 241
Alkalithia 242
Arhovin Omitted from N. N. R. 243
Chloron, Chlorax and Number “3” 244
Elarson Omitted from N. N. R. 248
Iodiphos 249
Mervenol and Armervenol Not Admitted to N. N. R. 249
Normal Phenol Serum (Cano) and Methyl-Phenol Serum (Cano) Not Accepted for N. N. R. 251
Soamin Omitted from N. N. R. 253
Some Mixed Vaccines Not Admitted to N. N. R. 254
Somnoform 255
Tablets Formothalates 256
Triple Arsenates with Nuclein 256
“Anti-Pneumococcic Oil” and the Use of Camphor in Pneumonia 257
Dial “Ciba” 259
Apothesine 260
Eumictine 262
Platt’s Chlorides 263
Anti-Tuberculous Lymph Compound (Sweeny) and Anti-Syphilitic Compound (Sweeny) 266
Syrup Leptinol (Formerly Syrup Balsamea) 268
Formitol Tablets, II 271
Sukro-Serum and Aphlegmatol 273
Supsalvs Not Admitted to N. N. R. 274
Hypodermic Solution No. 13, Iron, Arsenic and Phosphorus Compound Not Accepted for N. N. R. 275
Parathesin Not Admitted to N. N. R. 276
Chlorlyptus 277
Aquazone (Oxygen Water) 290
Coagulen-Ciba Omitted from N. N. R. 290
Ferric Cacodylate Omitted from New and Non-Official Remedies 292
Libradol 293
Helmitol Omitted from N. N. R. 295
Spirocide Not Admitted to N. N. R. 296
Digifolin-Ciba Not Admitted to N. N. R. 298
Some of Loesser’s Intravenous Solutions 299
“National Iodine Solution” Not Admitted to N. N. R. 300
Mon-Arsone Not Admitted to N. N. R. 302
Oxyl-Iodide Not Admitted to N. N. R. 304
Quassia Compound Tablets 306
Toxicide 307
Pil. Mixed Treatment (Chichester) 310
Atophan Omitted from N. N. R. 313
Urotropin Omitted from N. N. R. 316
Styptysate Not Admitted to N. N. R. 318
Lipoidal Substances (Horovitz) Not Admitted to N. N. R. 320
Yeast Preparations and Vitamin B Concentrates 321
II. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE A. M. A. CHEMICAL LABORATORY
The Chemical Laboratory of the American Medical Association 322
The Work of the American Medical Association Chemical Laboratory 322
Lead in “Akoz” 328
Sodium Acetate in Warming Bottles 329
Anti-Syphilitic Compound (Sweeny) 330
“Ambrine” and Paraffin Films 330
The Stability of Iodine Ointments 337
Iodolene and the Solubility of Iodin in Liquid Petrolatum 344
American-Made Synthetic Drugs--I 344
Standardization of Commercial Bismuth Tribromphenate 348
Standardization of Procain and Examination of the Market Supply 355
Deterioration of Sodium Hypochlorite Solutions 358
Syphilodol 359
Cerelene 362
Dr. De Sanctis’ Rheumatic and Gout Pills 363
Iodex and Liquid Iodex 365
III. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE JOURNAL: PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS
Iodin in Liquid Petrolatum 367
American-Made Synthetic Drugs--II 369
Nostrums in Retrospect 379
Bell-Ans (Pa-Pay-Ans Bell) 380
Anasarcin and Anedemin 383
Pepto-Mangan 387
Cactina Pillets 391
Ammonol and Phenalgin 393
Fellows’ Syrup, and Other Preparations of the Hypophosphites 395
Shotgun Nostrums 398
Tyree’s Antiseptic and Aseptinol 401
Neurosine and the Original Package Evil 404
Anasarcin Advertising 407
Antimeristem-Schmidt 408
Antiphlogistine 409
“Auto-Hemic Serum” 409
“Autolysin” Advertising 413
“Basic Cancer Research” and “Cosmopolitan Cancer Research Society” 414
Seleni-Bascca 416
Bell-Ans (Papayans, Bell) 418
Campho-Phenique 418
“Cinchophen”: Formerly “Atophan” 419
“Collosols”: An Uncritical English Endorsement 420
Cotton Process Ether 421
Dionol 422
The Eli Products of Eli H. Dunn 424
Glover’s Cancer Serum 425
Glyco-Thymoline and Poliomyelitis 427
Glykeron: Cold Storage Testimonials 428
Gray’s Glycerine Tonic: “Whose Bread I Eat His Song I Sing” 429
Hagee’s Cordial of Cod Liver Oil 429
Hypno-Bromic Compound 430
Intravenous Compound (Loffler) 430
Intravenous Specialties 435
Iodex 436
The William F. Koch Cancer Remedy 437
The Lucas Laboratories’ Products 440
“Phylacogens” 441
Pineoleum Advertising Methods 442
“Proteal Therapy” and Henry Smith Williams 443
Proteogens 445
Pulvane 450
Sal Hepatica 451
Salicon 453
So-Called Secretin Preparations 454
Succus Cineraria Maritima 455
Tekarkin 458
Tyree’s Antiseptic Powder Again 462
Wheeler’s Tissue Phosphates 463
Briefer Paragraphs 465
IV. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE JOURNAL: MISCELLANY
Albert Abrams, A.M., M.D., LL.D., F.R.M.S. 472
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Not Aspirin 480
The Allied Medical Associations of America 486
“Arsenicals” 491
Beer and Cancer Cures 494
Biologic Therapeutics and Its Commercial Domination 496
Capell’s Uroluetic Test 497
Chemotherapy and Tumors 499
The Direct Sales Company 510
Discoveries and Discoverers 511
“Drug Reform” 513
Drug Therapy: The Fallibility of Textbooks 515
Thomas Webster Edgar 515
Glycerophosphates 520
Influenza Vaccine 520
Intravenous Therapy 522
Iodin Fumes 523
Italian Physico-Chemical Company 524
What is Liquid Petrolatum? 526
The Lowenthal Postgraduate Course 527
Medical Society of the United States 531
The National Formulary--A Review of the Fourth Edition 535
Nonspecific Protein Therapy 536
Willard Ealon Ogden 538
“Patents” 542
Pharmaceutical Barnums 545
The Pharmacopeia 546
Physician’s Stock in Prescription Products 548
Pituitary Gland Preparations 549
Proprietorship in Medicine 550
Philip Rahtjen and His Discoveries 553
Sodium Cacodylate in Syphilis 555
Tablets: Dependability of Dosage 556
Therapeutic Evidence: Its Crucial Test 557
“Vaccines in Toxic Conditions” 560
Vitamins: Their Distribution 561
The William A. Webster Co. and the Direct Pharmaceutical Co. 564
Yeast 566
Briefer Paragraphs 570
THE PROPAGANDA FOR REFORM IN PROPRIETARY MEDICINES
Foreword
THE COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY
The Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry was established by the American Medical Association primarily for the purpose of gathering and disseminating such information as would protect the medical profession--and thus the public--in the prescribing of proprietary medicinal articles.
The Council consists of sixteen members, fifteen appointed for a term of five years without pay, and the sixteenth, a secretary, who is also the director of the Chemical Laboratory of the American Medical Association (see Part II).
At the present time (1921) the membership is:
C. L. Alsberg, A.M., M.D., Chief of the Bureau of Chemistry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
C. W. Edmunds, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.
R. A. Hatcher, Ph.G., M.D., Professor of Pharmacology, Cornell University Medical College, New York City.
A. W. Hewlett, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Leland Stanford Junior University School of Medicine, San Francisco.
John Howland, M.D., Professor of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University Medical Department, Baltimore.
Reid Hunt, M.D., Professor of Pharmacology, Medical School, Harvard University, Boston.
W. T. Longcope, A.B., M.D., New York.
G. W. McCoy, M.D., Director of the Hygienic Laboratory, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C.
Lafayette B. Mendel, Ph.D., Sc.D., Professor of Physiological Chemistry, Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University, New Haven.
F. G. Novy, Sc.D., M.D., Professor of Bacteriology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.
W. W. Palmer, B.S., M.D., Bard Professor of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York.
W. A. Puckner, Phar.D., Secretary of the Council, Director of the Chemical Laboratory of the American Medical Association, Chicago.
L. G. Rowntree, M.D., Sc.D., Professor of Medicine, Mayo Foundation, Rochester.
G. H. Simmons, M.D., LL.D., Chairman of the Council, Editor of The Journal of the American Medical Association, Chicago.
Torald Sollmann, M.D., Professor of Pharmacology and Materia Medica, Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland.
Julius Stieglitz, Ph.D., Sc.D., Chem.D., Professor of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Vice-Chairman of the Council, Chicago.
At its first meeting in 1905, the Council began examining the proprietary and nonofficial medicinal preparations offered to physicians of the United States, and authorized the publication of a book (New and Nonofficial Remedies) containing descriptions of those preparations which were deemed worthy of the consideration of physicians. It also issued reports (Reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry) to the medical profession on those preparations which were not eligible. The Council adopted a set of rules by which to measure the eligibility of each preparation for admission to New and Nonofficial Remedies. These rules were designed primarily to protect the public--through the medical profession--against fraud, undesirable secrecy and objectionable advertising in connection with proprietary medicinal articles. The rules originally adopted have been subjected to revision from time to time to meet changing conditions. For the information of those who wish to familiarize themselves with the work of the Council the rules which are now in force (1921) follow this introduction. A summary is also to be found in the article, “The Work of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, Present and Future,” page 12.
Since 1906, the Council has issued New and Nonofficial Remedies annually. In each issue are listed and described the articles that stand accepted on January 1 of the year of publication. The book describes proprietary medicinal articles on the American market that are found eligible under the rules, and also such nonproprietary, nonofficial articles as give promise of therapeutic usefulness, listing the acceptable brands. Articles of a similar character are grouped together, and each group is preceded by a general discussion for the purpose of comparison.
Since 1908, the Council has also issued an annual volume, “Reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry,” which contains reports on proprietary medicines that were found inadmissible to New and Nonofficial Remedies. The reports issued prior to 1916--and deemed of sufficient interest to physicians--were reprinted in the Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines, ninth edition (1916). The more important reports issued from 1916 to 1921, inclusive, are in this volume.
While it is the chief function of the Council to investigate and report on proprietary medicinal preparations, its work has broadened so that the Council’s work may now be characterized as a propaganda for the rational use of drugs. Thus, its Committee on Therapeutic Research encourages the investigation of questions concerning the actions of drugs. These investigations are brought together in the “Annual Reports of the Therapeutic Research Committee.” The Council also has a committee on medical teaching which has issued the publication “Useful Drugs,” a concise, but thorough and up-to-date, discussion of the more important drugs. In addition, the Council appointed a committee to prepare an “Epitome of the U. S. Pharmacopeia and National Formulary,” in which are presented those portions of the United States Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary that are of interest to physicians and in which is given a concise statement of the therapeutic usefulness of such drugs and preparations.
OFFICIAL RULES OF THE COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY
[May 1, 1921]