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XXV. ANTIQUITY OF THE RIVER-DRIFT (part 2 of 2)

Part 9 of 9 · John Evans · Public domain text

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Source: Project Gutenberg e-text #51960, public domain in the United States · text not rewritten or summarized · How RedLectern is built

 

Contents (75)
  1. Opening about 5 min
  2. I. INTRODUCTORY under 1 min
  3. II. ON THE MANUFACTURE OF STONE IMPLEMENTS IN PREHISTORIC TIMES under 1 min
  4. III. CELTS under 1 min
  5. IV. CHIPPED OR ROUGH-HEWN CELTS under 1 min
  6. V. CELTS GROUND AT THE EDGE ONLY under 1 min
  7. VI. POLISHED CELTS about 1 min
  8. VII. PICKS, CHISELS, GOUGES, ETC under 1 min
  9. VIII. PERFORATED AXES under 1 min
  10. IX. PERFORATED AND GROOVED HAMMERS under 1 min
  11. X. HAMMER-STONES, ETC under 1 min
  12. XI. GRINDING-STONES AND WHETSTONES under 1 min
  13. XII. FLINT FLAKES, CORES, ETC under 1 min
  14. XIII. SCRAPERS under 1 min
  15. XIV. BORERS, AWLS, OR DRILLS under 1 min
  16. XV. TRIMMED FLAKES, KNIVES, ETC under 1 min
  17. XVI. JAVELIN AND ARROW HEADS under 1 min
  18. XVII. FABRICATORS, FLAKING TOOLS, ETC under 1 min
  19. XVIII. SLING-STONES AND BALLS under 1 min
  20. XIX. BRACERS, AND ARTICLES OF BONE under 1 min
  21. XX. SPINDLE-WHORLS, DISCS, SLICKSTONES, WEIGHTS, AND CUPS under 1 min
  22. XXI. PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, AMULETS, ETC under 1 min
  23. XXII. CAVE IMPLEMENTS about 1 min
  24. XXIII. IMPLEMENTS OF THE RIVER-DRIFT PERIOD about 1 min
  25. Chapter XXIV under 1 min
  26. XXV. ANTIQUITY OF THE RIVER-DRIFT about 1 min
  27. I. INTRODUCTORY under 1 min
  28. II. ON THE MANUFACTURE OF STONE IMPLEMENTS IN PREHISTORIC TIMES under 1 min
  29. III. CELTS under 1 min
  30. IV. CHIPPED OR ROUGH-HEWN CELTS about 1 min
  31. V. CELTS GROUND AT THE EDGE ONLY under 1 min
  32. VI. POLISHED CELTS about 2 min
  33. VII. PICKS, CHISELS, GOUGES, ETC under 1 min
  34. VIII. PERFORATED AXES about 1 min
  35. IX. PERFORATED AND GROOVED HAMMERS under 1 min
  36. X. HAMMER-STONES, ETC about 1 min
  37. XI. GRINDING-STONES AND WHETSTONES under 1 min
  38. XII. FLINT FLAKES, CORES, ETC under 1 min
  39. XIII. SCRAPERS about 1 min
  40. IV. BORERS, AWLS, OR DRILLS under 1 min
  41. XV. TRIMMED FLAKES, KNIVES, ETC about 1 min
  42. XVI. JAVELIN AND ARROW HEADS about 2 min
  43. XVII. FABRICATORS, FLAKING TOOLS, ETC under 1 min
  44. XVIII. SLING-STONES AND BALLS under 1 min
  45. XIX. BRACERS, AND ARTICLES OF BONE under 1 min
  46. XX. SPINDLE-WHORLS, DISCS, SLICKSTONES, WEIGHTS, AND CUPS under 1 min
  47. XXI. PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, AMULETS, ETC about 1 min
  48. XXII. CAVE IMPLEMENTS about 1 min
  49. XXIII. IMPLEMENTS OF THE RIVER-DRIFT PERIOD about 3 min
  50. I. INTRODUCTORY about 20 min
  51. Chapter II about 1 h 4 min
  52. III. CELTS about 16 min
  53. IV. CHIPPED OR ROUGH-HEWN CELTS about 29 min
  54. V. CELTS GROUND AT THE EDGE ONLY about 15 min
  55. VI. POLISHED CELTS about 1 h 35 min
  56. VII. PICKS, CHISELS, GOUGES, ETC about 13 min
  57. VIII. PERFORATED AXES about 42 min
  58. IX. PERFORATED AND GROOVED HAMMERS about 33 min
  59. X. HAMMER-STONES, ETC about 35 min
  60. XI. GRINDING-STONES AND WHETSTONES about 18 min
  61. XII. FLINT FLAKES, CORES, ETC about 42 min
  62. XIII. SCRAPERS about 32 min
  63. XIV. BORERS, AWLS, OR DRILLS about 8 min
  64. XV. TRIMMED FLAKES, KNIVES, ETC about 55 min
  65. XVI. JAVELIN AND ARROW HEADS about 1 h 16 min
  66. XVII. FABRICATORS, FLAKING TOOLS, ETC about 8 min
  67. XVIII. SLING-STONES AND BALLS about 13 min
  68. XIX. BRACERS, AND ARTICLES OF BONE about 18 min
  69. XX. SPINDLE-WHORLS, DISCS, SLICKSTONES, WEIGHTS, AND CUPS about 23 min
  70. XXI. PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, AMULETS, ETC about 32 min
  71. XXII. CAVE IMPLEMENTS about 1 h 22 min
  72. XXIII. IMPLEMENTS OF THE RIVER-DRIFT PERIOD about 2 h 30 min
  73. Chapter XXIV about 36 min
  74. XXV. ANTIQUITY OF THE RIVER-DRIFT (part 1 of 2) about 5 h 29 min
  75. XXV. ANTIQUITY OF THE RIVER-DRIFT (part 2 of 2) about 5 min

Continue:

XXV. ANTIQUITY OF THE RIVER-DRIFT (part 2 of 2)

[2766] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 293. See also Lyell, “Princ. of Geol.,” vol. i. p. 366.

[2767] Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 1866. Trans. in Smithsonian Report, 1866, p. 425.

[2768] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 296.

[2769] See p. 664.

[2770] H. G. Seeley, Q. J. G. S., vol. xxii. p. 472.

[2771] Q. J. G. S., vol. xxv. p. 455.

[2772] Quar. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxv. p. 453.

[2773] Phil. Trans., 1860, pl. xi.

[2774] Prestwich, Phil. Trans., 1860, pl. xi. See p. 577, supra.

[2775] Brit. Assoc. Report, 1896, p. 400.

[2776] Geol. Mag., vol. iii. p. 348.

[2777] Q. J. Geol. Soc., vol. xxvi. p. 528.

[2778] Q. J. Geol. Soc., vol. xv. p. 219.

[2779] Q. J. Geol. Soc., vol. xx. p. 189.

[2780] Geologist, vol. v. p. 452.

[2781] “Rivers and their Catchment Basins.”

[2782] R. A. C. Godwin-Austen, Q. J. G. S., vol. xiii. p. 50.

[2783] There may be some decree of uncertainty whether the gravels at this spot are to be connected immediately with the main stream, or with an affluent running into it approximately by the same course as that of the present Bourne, but this is of little moment.

[2784] Q. J. G. S., vol. xiii. p. 45.

[2785] Q. J. G. S., vol. xxvi. p. 532.

[2786] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 266.

[2787] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 291.

[2788] Q. J. G. S., vol. xxv. p. 209.

[2789] P. 580 supra.

[2790] Q. J. G. S., vol. vii. p. 31.

[2791] Q. J. G. S., vol. xxii. p. 553.

[2792] “Heat considered as a Mode of Motion,” p. 182. Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 408.

[2793] Q. J. G. S., vol. xxiv. p. 103; xxv. p. 57.

[2794] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 278, &c.

[2795] “Flint Chips,” p. 47.

[2796] Ravin, Mém. de la Soc. d’Emul. d’ Abbeville, 1838, p. 196. Phil. Trans., 1860, p. 301.

[2797] “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 365.

[2798] Athenæum, 1863, July 4.

[2799] Hamy, “Paléontologie humaine,” p. 210, et seqq. Bull. Soc. d’Anthrop. de Paris, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 331. Belgrand, “Bassin de la Seine,” pl. xlviii. and xlix.

[2800] Rec. Geol. Sur. of India, vol. xxvii., 1894, p. 101. Geol. Mag., Dec. 4, vol. i., 1894, p. 525. Nat. Science, vol. v. p. 345, vol. x. p. 233.

[2801] Trans. Herts. Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. i. p. 145. Brit. Assoc. Rep., 1890, p. 963. Nature, vol. xlii. p. 50.

[2802] Several writers have attempted to bridge over this gap, or to show that it does not exist. See Journ. Anth. Inst., vol. xxii. p. 66. Cazalis de Fondouce, Cong. Préh. Stockholm, 1874, p. 112. Brown, “Early Man in Midd.” Worthington Smith, “Man the Prim. Savage.”

[2803] Trans. Preh. Cong., 1868, p. 278. Supra, p. 485.

[2804] “Princ. of Geol.,” 10th ed., vol. i. p. 295.

[2805] “Preh. Times,” 4th ed. p. 423.

[2806] Geol. Mag., vol. v. p. 249.

[2807] Phil. Trans., 1864, p. 299. Proc. R. S., xiii. p. 135.

[2808] Lubbock, “Preh. Times,” 4th ed., p. 430.

* * * * * *

Transcriber’s note:

Original printed spelling and grammar are retained, with a few exceptions noted below.

A few words found in the Indexes have been silently changed to match the spelling of the same word in the text. For example “Grewingk” occurs on page 47; the corresponding Index entry was changed to agree, from “Grewinck”.

Some missing commas and full stops have been inserted silently.

Ditto marks, including the word “Do.”, were replaced with the appropriate repeated text—for example, in the table starting on page 508. However, in the list of Woodcut Illustrations, the ditto marks and associated white space have been replaced with one em dash per word to be repeated.

Several footnotes contained references like this one on page 44: “Pfahlbauten, 1ter Bericht.”, where the first character in the “1ter” place could a priori be any numeric digit, and sometimes this digit was separated from “ter” by a space. In this edition, the spaces have been removed. In one case, in page 323, first footnote, “1ster” was printed; herein it is “1ter”.

In the General Index and in the Index, Geographical and Topographical, explicit nested list html structures have been adopted for this edition. In general, this reduces ambiguity, and is a good thing. However, a few examples could be quoted wherein the exact meaning of the original printed book was less than clear, and so mistakes could result from this reduction in ambiguity. Here's one. The original, on page 712, read like this―

Ash, Irish arrow-shaft of, 408; in brick earth at Hoxne, 537

which has at least two different possible meanings. In this edition, a draft was originally rendered―

Ash, Irish arrow-shaft of, 408; in brick earth at Hoxne, 537

but, upon examining page 537, we find that it should be, and finally has been rendered―

Ash, Irish arrow-shaft of, 408; in brick earth at Hoxne, 537

Here's another nice example. The original ambiguous form printed on page 713 read

Brooch of metal in interment, 214; possible use of ring as, 466

In this case, inspection of page 466 seems to confirm the form adopted for this edition. But not all such ambiguities have been checked.

Page 5. The Coptic word for iron is rendered using rare Unicode characters which may not appear correctly without your attention to installed fonts. Furthermore, the fifth (counting right-to-left) letter of the word is rendered herein as U+2C88 COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER EIE, although it looks in the original print more like a Latin Capital E. The same word in the Index, page 713, was printed with two letters EIE.

Page 9. Here are Hebrew words, rendered herein in uncommon Unicode letters.

Page 104, third note. There was no anchor for this note, which said “Arch. Journ., vol. xxxi., p. 301.”, so it has been moved here.

Page 112 note. “vol^1 xvi.” is rendered herein as printed, though it might be a printer’s error.

Page 125 first note. No footnote label was printed, but this note has now been linked with its anchor, in the third paragraph, after “Manor”.

Page 317. “produciug” to “producing”.

Page 341, note. There was no anchor printed for this note; a new one has been inserted at the top of the page.

Page 365. Closing double quotation mark added after ‘against the AITHADH or elf-shot.’

Page 368, fourth and fifth footnotes. These contained the word “I1.”. This has been changed to “II.”.

Page 370, first note. Here is a Saxon word, rendered in uncommon Unicode characters.

Page 399, fifth note. This had no anchor; a new one has been inserted after “those of other countries;”.

Page 558. A reversed “S” was printed; herein U+01A7 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER TONE TWO, “Ƨ”, is substituted.

Page 573, third note. The third footnote had no anchor on page 573, evidently links to the anchor printed at the top of page 574. Both anchor and footnote had originally the label “3”.

Page 634 note. The left double quotation mark, unmatched in the original print, was removed from the word ‘Quar’.

Page 666, 1st note. This note had no footnote label; a new one was inserted.

Page 717, entry “Eolithic”. “762” changed to “702”.

Page 724, entry “Museums”. The entry “Neufchâtel” was changed to “Neuchâtel”

Page 745, entry “VIENNE”. “Chatellerault” to “Châtellerault”.

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