The 2008 CIA World Factbook (part 12 of 20)

The 2008 CIA World Factbook (part 12 of 20)

France agriculture: 2.2% industry: 20.6% services: 77.2% (2007 est.)

French Polynesia agriculture: 3.1% industry: 19% services: 77.8% (2005)

Gabon agriculture: 6.1% industry: 58% services: 35.9% (2007 est.)

Gambia, The agriculture: 32.8% industry: 8.7% services: 58.5% (2007 est.)

Gaza Strip agriculture: 8% industry: 13% services: 79% (includes West Bank) (2006 est.)

Georgia agriculture: 13% industry: 28.7% services: 58.3% (2007 est.)

Germany agriculture: 0.9% industry: 30.1% services: 69% (2007 est.)

Ghana agriculture: 37.3% industry: 25.3% services: 37.5% (2006 est.)

Gibraltar agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Greece agriculture: 3.6% industry: 24.5% services: 71.9% (2007 est.)

Greenland agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Grenada agriculture: 5.4% industry: 18% services: 76.6% (2003)

Guam agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Guatemala agriculture: 13.3% industry: 25.8% services: 60.9% (2007 est.)

Guernsey agriculture: 3% industry: 10% services: 87% (2000)

Guinea agriculture: 23.8% industry: 38.6% services: 37.6% (2007 est.)

Guinea-Bissau agriculture: 62% industry: 12% services: 26% (1999 est.)

Guyana agriculture: 31.1% industry: 21.7% services: 47.1% (2007 est.)

Haiti agriculture: 28% industry: 20% services: 52% (2004 est.)

Honduras agriculture: 13.4% industry: 28.1% services: 58.6% (2007 est.)

Hong Kong agriculture: 0.1% industry: 8.1% services: 91.7% (2007 est.)

Hungary agriculture: 2.8% industry: 31.5% services: 65.8% (2007 est.)

Iceland agriculture: 5.2% industry: 25.7% services: 69.1% (2007 est.)

India agriculture: 17.8% industry: 29.4% services: 52.8% (2007 est.)

Indonesia agriculture: 13.8% industry: 46.7% services: 39.4% (2007 est.)

Iran agriculture: 10.7% industry: 42.9% services: 46.5% (2007 est.)

Iraq agriculture: 5% industry: 68% services: 27% (2006 est.)

Ireland agriculture: 5% industry: 46% services: 49% (2002 est.)

Isle of Man agriculture: 1% industry: 13% services: 86% (2000 est.)

Israel agriculture: 2.7% industry: 30.2% services: 67.1% (2007 est.)

Italy agriculture: 2% industry: 27% services: 70.9% (2007 est.)

Jamaica agriculture: 5.1% industry: 32.7% services: 62.2% (2007 est.)

Japan agriculture: 1.4% industry: 26.5% services: 72% (2007 est.)

Jersey agriculture: 1% industry: 2% services: 97% (2005)

Jordan agriculture: 3.5% industry: 10.3% services: 86.2% (2007 est.)

Kazakhstan agriculture: 5.8% industry: 39.4% services: 54.8% (2007 est.)

Kenya agriculture: 23.8% industry: 16.7% services: 59.5% (2007 est.)

Kiribati agriculture: 8.9% industry: 24.2% services: 66.8% (2004)

Korea, North agriculture: 23.3% industry: 43.1% services: 33.6% (2002 est.)

Korea, South agriculture: 3% industry: 39.4% services: 57.6% (2007 est.)

Kosovo agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2007 est.)

Kuwait agriculture: 0.3% industry: 52.4% services: 47.3% (2007 est.)

Kyrgyzstan agriculture: 33.6% industry: 18.9% services: 47.5% (2007 est.)

Laos agriculture: 40.9% industry: 33.2% services: 25.9% (2007 est.)

Latvia agriculture: 3.3% industry: 22% services: 74.7% (2007 est.)

Lebanon agriculture: 5.2% industry: 19.5% services: 75.4% (2007 est.)

Lesotho agriculture: 15.2% industry: 45% services: 39.7% (2007 est.)

Liberia agriculture: 76.9% industry: 5.4% services: 17.7% (2002 est.)

Libya agriculture: 2% industry: 83.1% services: 14.8% (2007 est.)

Liechtenstein agriculture: 6% industry: 39% services: 55% (2001)

Lithuania agriculture: 5.3% industry: 33.3% services: 61.4% (2007 est.)

Luxembourg agriculture: 1% industry: 13% services: 86% (2005 est.)

Macau agriculture: 0.1% industry: 3.9% services: 96% (2006 est.)

Macedonia agriculture: 11.9% industry: 28.2% services: 59.9% (2007 est.)

Madagascar agriculture: 26.8% industry: 15.8% services: 57.4% (2007 est.)

Malawi agriculture: 37.8% industry: 18.1% services: 44.1% (2007 est.)

Malaysia agriculture: 9.9% industry: 45.3% services: 44.8% (2007 est.)

Maldives agriculture: 16% industry: 7% services: 77% (2006 est.)

Mali agriculture: 45% industry: 17% services: 38% (2001 est.)

Malta agriculture: 2.7% industry: 22.3% services: 74.9% (2003 est.)

Marshall Islands agriculture: 31.7% industry: 14.9% services: 53.4% (2004 est.)

Mauritania agriculture: 25% industry: 29% services: 46% (2001 est.)

Mauritius agriculture: 4.8% industry: 25% services: 70.1% (2007 est.)

Mayotte agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Mexico agriculture: 4% industry: 26.6% services: 69.5% (2007 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of agriculture: 28.9% industry: 15.2% services: 55.9% (2004 est.)

Moldova agriculture: 17.8% industry: 21.7% services: 60.5% (2007 est.)

Monaco agriculture: 0% industry: 4.9% services: 95.1% (2005)

Mongolia agriculture: 18.8% industry: 40.4% services: 40.8% (2006)

Montenegro agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Montserrat agriculture: 1.2% industry: 23.1% services: 75.7% (1999 est.)

Morocco agriculture: 13.8% industry: 38.4% services: 47.8% (2007 est.)

Mozambique agriculture: 23% industry: 30.1% services: 46.9% (2007 est.)

Namibia agriculture: 10.6% industry: 35.4% services: 53.9% (2007 est.)

Nauru agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Nepal agriculture: 38% industry: 20% services: 42% (FY05/06 est.)

Netherlands agriculture: 2% industry: 24.4% services: 73.6% (2007 est.)

Netherlands Antilles agriculture: 1% industry: 15% services: 84% (2000 est.)

New Caledonia agriculture: 15% industry: 8.8% services: 76.2% (2003)

New Zealand agriculture: 4.5% industry: 26.2% services: 69.3% (2007 est.)

Nicaragua agriculture: 16.9% industry: 25.8% services: 57.2% (2007 est.)

Niger agriculture: 39% industry: 17% services: 44% (2001)

Nigeria agriculture: 17.7% industry: 52.6% services: 29.8% (2007 est.)

Niue agriculture: 23.5% industry: 26.9% services: 49.5% (2003)

Northern Mariana Islands agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Norway agriculture: 2.4% industry: 41.9% services: 55.7% (2007 est.)

Oman agriculture: 2.2% industry: 38.2% services: 59.6% (2007 est.)

Pakistan agriculture: 20.6% industry: 26.6% services: 52.8% (2007 est.)

Palau agriculture: 6.2% industry: 12% services: 81.8% (2003)

Panama agriculture: 6.6% industry: 16.4% services: 77% (2007 est.)

Papua New Guinea agriculture: 34% industry: 37.3% services: 28.7% (2007 est.)

Paraguay agriculture: 22.7% industry: 17.6% services: 59.7% (2007 est.)

Peru agriculture: 8.4% industry: 25.6% services: 66% (2007 est.)

Philippines agriculture: 13.8% industry: 31.7% services: 54.5% (2007 est.)

Poland agriculture: 4.1% industry: 31.6% services: 64.4% (2007 est.)

Portugal agriculture: 8.2% industry: 25.4% services: 66.4% (2007 est.)

Puerto Rico agriculture: 1% industry: 45% services: 54% (2002 est.)

Qatar agriculture: 0.1% industry: 77.8% services: 22.1% (2007 est.)

Romania agriculture: 7.9% industry: 35.6% services: 56.5% (2007 est.)

Russia agriculture: 4.7% industry: 39.1% services: 56.2% (2007 est.)

Rwanda agriculture: 36.9% industry: 21.7% services: 41.4% (2007 est.)

Saint Helena agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Saint Kitts and Nevis agriculture: 3.5% industry: 25.8% services: 70.7% (2001)

Saint Lucia agriculture: 5% industry: 15% services: 80% (2005 est.)

Saint Martin agriculture: 1% industry: 15% services: 84% (2000)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines agriculture: 10% industry: 26% services: 64% (2001 est.)

Samoa agriculture: 11.4% industry: 58.4% services: 30.2% (2004 est.)

San Marino agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Sao Tome and Principe agriculture: 14.9% industry: 14% services: 71% (2007 est.)

Saudi Arabia agriculture: 3% industry: 63.7% services: 33.3% (2007 est.)

Senegal agriculture: 16% industry: 19.4% services: 64.6% (2007 est.)

Serbia agriculture: 12.3% industry: 24.2% services: 63.5% (2007 est.)

Seychelles agriculture: 2.1% industry: 28.3% services: 69.6% (2007 est.)

Sierra Leone agriculture: 49% industry: 31% services: 21% (2001 est.)

Singapore agriculture: 0% industry: 31.2% services: 68.8% (2007 est.)

Slovakia agriculture: 2.6% industry: 33.5% services: 63.9% (2007 est.)

Slovenia agriculture: 2.1% industry: 34.4% services: 63.5% (2007 est.)

Solomon Islands agriculture: 42% industry: 11% services: 47% (2000 est.)

Somalia agriculture: 65% industry: 10% services: 25% (2000 est.)

South Africa agriculture: 3.2% industry: 31.3% services: 65.5% (2007 est.)

Spain agriculture: 3.6% industry: 30.2% services: 66.1% (2007 est.)

Sri Lanka agriculture: 11.7% industry: 29.9% services: 58.4% (2007 est.)

Sudan agriculture: 32% industry: 32.8% services: 35.2% (2007 est.)

Suriname agriculture: 10.8% industry: 24.4% services: 64.8% (2005 est.)

Swaziland agriculture: 11.8% industry: 45.7% services: 42.5% (2007 est.)

Sweden agriculture: 1.5% industry: 28.8% services: 69.7% (2007 est.)

Switzerland agriculture: 1.5% industry: 34% services: 64.5% (2003 est.)

Syria agriculture: 24% industry: 27.9% services: 48.2% (2007 est.)

Taiwan agriculture: 1.4% industry: 27.5% services: 71.1% (2007 est.)

Tajikistan agriculture: 23.8% industry: 30.4% services: 45.8% (2007 est.)

Tanzania agriculture: 42.5% industry: 18.9% services: 38.5% (2007 est.)

Thailand agriculture: 11.4% industry: 43.8% services: 44.8% (2007 est.)

Timor-Leste agriculture: 32.2% industry: 12.8% services: 55% (2005)

Togo agriculture: 40% industry: 25% services: 35% (2003 est.)

Tokelau agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Tonga agriculture: 25% industry: 17% services: 57% (FY05/06 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago agriculture: 0.6% industry: 62% services: 37.5% (2007 est.)

Tunisia agriculture: 11.6% industry: 25.7% services: 62.8% (2007 est.)

Turkey agriculture: 8.9% industry: 28.3% services: 62.8% (2007 est.)

Turkmenistan agriculture: 11.5% industry: 40.8% services: 47.7% (2007 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

Tuvalu agriculture: 16.6% industry: 27.2% services: 56.2% (2002)

Uganda agriculture: 30.2% industry: 24.7% services: 45.1% (2007 est.)

Ukraine agriculture: 9% industry: 32.2% services: 58.8% (2007 est.)

United Arab Emirates agriculture: 1.8% industry: 60.6% services: 37.6% (2007 est.)

United Kingdom agriculture: 0.9% industry: 23.4% services: 75.7% (2007 est.)

United States agriculture: 1.2% industry: 19.8% services: 79% (2007 est.)

Uruguay agriculture: 10.1% industry: 32% services: 57.9% (2007 est.)

Uzbekistan agriculture: 29.4% industry: 33.1% services: 37.5% (2007 est.)

Vanuatu agriculture: 26% industry: 12% services: 62% (2000 est.)

Venezuela agriculture: 3.8% industry: 38.4% services: 57.8% (2007 est.)

Vietnam agriculture: 19.5% industry: 42.3% services: 38.2% (2007 est.)

Virgin Islands agriculture: 1% industry: 19% services: 80% (2003 est.)

Wallis and Futuna agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

West Bank agriculture: 8% industry: 13% services: 79% (includes Gaza Strip) (2006 est.)

Western Sahara agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 40%

World agriculture: 4% industry: 32% services: 64% (2007 est.)

Yemen agriculture: 12.4% industry: 40.9% services: 46.7% (2007 est.)

Zambia agriculture: 17.4% industry: 26.1% services: 56.5% (2007 est.)

Zimbabwe agriculture: 18.1% industry: 22.6% services: 59.3% (2007 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2013 Radio broadcast stations

Afghanistan AM 21, FM 5, shortwave 1 (broadcasts in Pashto, Dari (Afghan Persian), Urdu, and English) (2006)

Akrotiri AM NA, FM 1, shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

Albania AM 13, FM 46, shortwave 1 (2005)

Algeria AM 25, FM 1, shortwave 8 (1999)

American Samoa AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)

Andorra AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)

Angola AM 21, FM 6, shortwave 7 (2001)

Anguilla AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)

Antarctica FM 2, shortwave 1 (information for US bases only); note - many research stations have a local FM radio station (2007)

Antigua and Barbuda AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Argentina AM 260 (includes 10 inactive stations), FM (probably more than 1,000, mostly unlicensed), shortwave 6 (1998)

Armenia AM 9, FM 16, shortwave 1 (2006)

Aruba AM 2, FM 16, shortwave 0 (2004)

Australia AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998)

Austria AM 2, FM 65 (plus several hundred repeaters), shortwave 1 (2001)

Azerbaijan AM 10, FM 17, shortwave 1 (1998)

Bahamas, The AM 3, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2006)

Bahrain AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Bangladesh AM 15, FM 13, shortwave 2 (2006)

Barbados AM 2, FM 6, shortwave 0 (2004)

Belarus AM 28, FM 37, shortwave 11 (1998)

Belgium AM 7, FM 79, shortwave 1 (1998)

Belize AM 1, FM 16, shortwave 0 (2006)

Benin AM 1, FM 34, shortwave 1 (2007)

Bermuda AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)

Bhutan AM 0, FM 9, shortwave 1 (2007)

Bolivia AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)

Bosnia and Herzegovina AM 8, FM 16, shortwave 1 (1998)

Botswana AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001)

Brazil AM 1,365, FM 296, shortwave 161 (of which 91 are collocated with AM stations) (1999)

British Indian Ocean Territory AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

British Virgin Islands AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2004)

Brunei AM 1, FM 2 (transmitting on 18 different frequencies), shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) station transmits two FM signals with English and Nepali service) (2006)

Bulgaria AM 31, FM 63, shortwave 2 (2001)

Burkina Faso AM 2, FM 26, shortwave 3

Burma AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 3 (2007)

Burundi AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Cambodia AM 2, FM 17, shortwave NA (2003)

Cameroon AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (2001)

Canada AM 245, FM 582, shortwave 6 (2004)

Cape Verde AM 0, FM 22 (plus 12 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2001)

Cayman Islands AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (2004)

Central African Republic AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2001)

Chad AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 5 (2001)

Chile AM 180 (8 inactive), FM 64, shortwave 17 (1 inactive) (1998)

China AM 369, FM 259, shortwave 45 (1998)

Christmas Island AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004)

Colombia AM 454, FM 34, shortwave 27 (1999)

Comoros AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2001)

Congo, Republic of the AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 3 (2001)

Cook Islands AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)

Costa Rica AM 65, FM 51, shortwave 19 (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 3 (1998)

Croatia AM 16, FM 98, shortwave 5 (1999)

Cuba AM 169, FM 55, shortwave 1 (1998)

Cyprus area under government control: AM 5, FM 76, shortwave 0 area administered by Turkish Cypriots: AM 1, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2004)

Czech Republic AM 31, FM 304, shortwave 17 (2000)

Denmark AM 2, FM 355, shortwave 0 (1998)

Dhekelia AM NA, FM 1 (located in Akrotiri), shortwave NA (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

Djibouti AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)

Dominica AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 0 (2003)

Dominican Republic AM 120, FM 56, shortwave 4 (1998)

Ecuador AM 392, FM 35, shortwave 29 (2001)

Egypt AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14, shortwave 3 (1999)

El Salvador AM 52, FM 144, shortwave 0 (2005)

Equatorial Guinea AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2001)

Eritrea AM 2, FM NA, shortwave 2 (2000)

Estonia AM 0, FM 98, shortwave 0 (2001)

Ethiopia AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2001)

European Union AM 930, FM 13,655, shortwave 71 (1998); note - sum of individual country radio broadcast stations; there is also a European-wide station (Euroradio)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)

Faroe Islands AM 1, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Fiji AM 13, FM 40, shortwave 0 (1998)

Finland AM 2, FM 186, shortwave 1 (1998)

France AM 41, FM about 3,500 (this figure is an approximation and includes many repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)

French Polynesia AM 2, FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)

Gabon AM 6, FM 7 (plus 11 repeaters), shortwave 4 (2001)

Gambia, The AM 3, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2001)

Gaza Strip AM 0, FM 10, shortwave 0 (2008)

Georgia AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998)

Germany AM 51, FM 787, shortwave 4 (1998)

Ghana AM 0, FM 86, shortwave 3 (2007)

Gibraltar AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

Greece AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998)

Greenland AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)

Grenada AM 2, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Guam AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2005)

Guatemala AM 130, FM 487, shortwave 15 (2000)

Guernsey AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Guinea AM 0, FM 5, shortwave 3 (2006)

Guinea-Bissau AM 1 (transmitter out of service), FM 4, shortwave 0 (2001)

Guyana AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998)

Haiti AM 41, FM 26, shortwave 0 (1999)

Holy See (Vatican City) AM 4, FM 3, shortwave 2 (2004)

Honduras AM 241, FM 53, shortwave 12 (1998)

Hong Kong AM 5, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2004)

Hungary AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998)

Iceland AM 3, FM about 70 (including repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)

India AM 153, FM 91, shortwave 68 (1998)

Indonesia AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998)

Iran AM 72, FM 5, shortwave 5 (1998)

Iraq after 17 months of unregulated media growth, there are approximately 80 radio stations (types NA) on the air inside Iraq (2004)

Ireland AM 9, FM 106, shortwave 0 (1998)

Isle of Man AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Israel AM 23, FM 15, shortwave 2 (1998)

Italy AM about 100, FM about 4,600, shortwave 9 (1998)

Jamaica AM 10, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)

Jan Mayen NA; note - there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)

Japan AM 215 (plus 370 repeaters), FM 89 (plus 485 repeaters), shortwave 21 (2001)

Jersey AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Jordan FM 31 (2007)

Kazakhstan AM 60, FM 17, shortwave 9 (1998)

Kenya AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001)

Kiribati AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (may be inactive) (2002)

Korea, North AM 17 (including 11 stations of Korean Central Broadcasting Station; North Korea has a "national intercom" cable radio station wired throughout the country that is a significant source of information for the average North Korean citizen; it is wired into most residences and workplaces and carries news and commentary), FM 14, shortwave 14 (2006)

Korea, South AM 61, FM 150, shortwave 2 (2005)

Kuwait AM 6, FM 11, shortwave 1 (1998)

Kyrgyzstan AM 3 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 23, shortwave NA (2007)

Laos AM 7, FM 14, shortwave 2 (2006)

Latvia AM 8, FM 56, shortwave 1 (1998)

Lebanon AM 20, FM 22, shortwave 4 (1998)

Lesotho AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)

Liberia AM 0, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2007)

Libya AM 16, FM 3, shortwave 3 (2001)

Liechtenstein AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Lithuania AM 29, FM 142, shortwave 1 (2001)

Luxembourg AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)

Macau AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Macedonia AM 29, FM 63, shortwave 0 (2007)

Madagascar AM 2 (plus a number of repeater stations), FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)

Malawi AM 9, FM 5 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 2 (plus one shortwave station on standby) (2001)

Malaysia AM 35, FM 391, shortwave 15 (2001)

Maldives AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)

Mali AM 1, FM 230 (27 regional and government stations, and 203 private stations), shortwave 1 (2001)

Malta AM 1, FM 18, shortwave 6 (1999)

Marshall Islands AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (additionally, the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Services (Central Pacific Network) operate one FM and one AM station on Kwajalein) (2005)

Mauritania AM 1, FM 14, shortwave 1 (2001)

Mauritius AM 4, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2001)

Mayotte AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)

Mexico AM 850, FM 545, shortwave 15 (2003)

Micronesia, Federated States of AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)

Moldova AM 2, FM 29, shortwave NA (2006)

Monaco AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)

Mongolia AM 7, FM 115 (includes 20 National radio broadcaster repeaters), shortwave 4 (2006)

Montenegro 31 (station types NA) (2004)

Montserrat AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Morocco AM 27, FM 25, shortwave 6 (1998)

Mozambique AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001)

Namibia AM 2, FM 39, shortwave 4 (2001)

Nauru AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

Nepal AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2000)

Netherlands AM 4, FM 246, shortwave 3 (2004)

Netherlands Antilles AM 8, FM 19, shortwave 0 (2003)

New Caledonia AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)

New Zealand AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998)

Nicaragua AM 63, FM 32, shortwave 1 (1998)

Niger AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 4 (2001)

Nigeria AM 83, FM 36, shortwave 11 (2001)

Niue AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)

Norfolk Island AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)

Northern Mariana Islands AM 1, FM 6, shortwave 1 (2005)

Norway AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998)

Oman AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)

Pakistan AM 31, FM 68, shortwave NA (2006)

Palau AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Panama AM 101, FM 134, shortwave 0 (1998)

Papua New Guinea AM 8, FM 19, shortwave 28 (1998)

Paraguay AM 41, FM 121, shortwave 6 (3 inactive) (2006)

Peru AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189 (1999)

Philippines AM 381, FM 628, shortwave 4 (each shortwave station operates on multiple frequencies in the language of the target audience) (2007)

Pitcairn Islands AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (15 Ham radio operators (VP6)) (2004)

Poland AM 14, FM 777, shortwave 1 (1998)

Portugal AM 47, FM 172 (many are repeaters), shortwave 2 (1998)

Puerto Rico AM 74, FM 53, shortwave 0 (2005)

Qatar AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998)

Romania 698 (frequency type NA) (2006)

Russia AM 323, FM 1,500 est., shortwave 62 (2004)

Rwanda AM 0, FM 8 (two main FM programs are broadcast through a system of repeaters, three international FM programs include the BBC, VOA, and Deutchewelle), shortwave 1 (2005)

Saint Helena Saint Helena: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 Ascension: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2005)

Saint Kitts and Nevis AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2003)

Saint Lucia AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)

Saint Martin FM 3 (2007)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines AM 1, FM 6, shortwave 0 (2004)

Samoa AM 2, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2004)

San Marino AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Sao Tome and Principe AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2001)

Saudi Arabia AM 43, FM 31, shortwave 2 (1998)

Senegal AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)

Serbia 153 (station types NA) (2001)

Seychelles AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (2001)

Sierra Leone AM 1, FM 9, shortwave 1 (2001)

Singapore AM 0, FM 17, shortwave 2 (2003)

Slovakia AM 15, FM 78, shortwave 2 (1998)

Slovenia AM 10, FM 230, shortwave 0 (2006)

Solomon Islands AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (2004)

Somalia AM 0, FM 11 (also 1 station each in Puntland and Somaliland), shortwave 1 (in Mogadishu) (2001)

South Africa AM 14, FM 347 (plus 243 repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 0 (2003)

Spain AM 208, FM 715, shortwave 1 (1998)

Sri Lanka AM 15, FM 52, shortwave 4 (2007)

Sudan AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998)

Suriname AM 4, FM 13, shortwave 1 (1998)

Svalbard AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)

Swaziland AM 3, FM 2 (plus 4 repeaters), shortwave 3 (2004)

Sweden AM 1, FM 265, shortwave 1 (1998)

Switzerland AM 4, FM 113 (plus many low-power stations), shortwave 2 (1998)

Syria AM 14, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)

Taiwan AM 140, FM 229, shortwave 49

Tajikistan AM 8, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2002)

Tanzania AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998)

Thailand AM 238, FM 351, shortwave 6 (2007)

Timor-Leste at least 21 (Timor-Leste has one national public broadcaster and 20 community and church radio stations - frequency type NA)

Togo AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998)

Tokelau AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)

Tonga AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Trinidad and Tobago AM 4, FM 18, shortwave 0 (2001)

Tunisia AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007)

Turkey AM 16, FM 107, shortwave 6 (2001)

Turkmenistan AM 16, FM 8, shortwave 2 (1998)

Turks and Caicos Islands AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)

Tuvalu AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)

Uganda AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001)

Ukraine 524 (station types NA) (2006)

United Arab Emirates AM 13, FM 8, shortwave 2 (2004)

United Kingdom AM 219, FM 431, shortwave 3 (1998)

United States AM 4,789, FM 8,961, shortwave 19 (2006)

Uruguay AM 93, FM 191, shortwave 7 (2005)

Uzbekistan AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 3 (2006)

Vanuatu AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Venezuela AM 201, FM NA (20 in Caracas), shortwave 11 (1998)

Vietnam AM 65, FM 7, shortwave 29 (1999)

Virgin Islands AM 6, FM 16, shortwave 0 (2005)

Wake Island AM 0, FM 0, shortwave 0 (Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio service provided by satellite (2005)

Wallis and Futuna AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000)

West Bank AM 0, FM 25, shortwave 0 (2008)

Western Sahara AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)

World AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA

Yemen AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)

Zambia AM 19, FM 5, shortwave 4 (2001)

Zimbabwe AM 7, FM 20 (plus 17 repeater stations), shortwave 1 (1998)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

======================================================================

@2015 Television broadcast stations

Afghanistan at least 7 (1 government-run central television station in Kabul and regional stations in 6 of the 34 provinces) (2006)

Akrotiri 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

Albania 65 (3 national, 62 local); 2 cable networks (2005)

Algeria 46 (plus 216 repeaters) (1995)

American Samoa 1 (2006)

Andorra 0 (1997)

Angola 6 (2000)

Anguilla 1 (1997)

Antarctica 1 (cable system with 6 channels; American Forces Antarctic Network-McMurdo - information for US bases only) (2002)

Antigua and Barbuda 2 (1997)

Argentina 42 (plus 444 repeaters) (1997)

Armenia 48 (private television stations alongside 2 public networks; major Russian channels widely available) (2006)

Aruba 1 (1997)

Australia 104 (1997)

Austria 10 (plus more than 1,000 repeaters) (2001)

Azerbaijan 2 (1997)

Bahamas, The 2 (2006)

Bahrain 4 (1997)

Bangladesh 15 (1999)

Barbados 1 (plus 2 cable channels) (2004)

Belarus 47 (plus 27 repeaters) (1995)

Belgium 25 (plus 10 repeaters) (1997)

Belize 5 (2006)

Benin 6 (2007)

Bermuda 3 (2005)

Bhutan 1 (2007)

Bolivia 48 (1997)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 33 (plus 277 repeaters) (September 1995)

Botswana 2 (1 state-owned, 1 private)

Brazil 138 (1997)

British Indian Ocean Territory 1 (1997)

British Virgin Islands 1 (plus 1 cable company) (1997)

Brunei 4 (includes 2 UHF stations broadcasting a subscription service) (2006)

Bulgaria 39 (plus 1,242 repeaters) (2001)

Burkina Faso 3 (1 national, 2 private)

Burma 4 (2008)

Burundi 1 (2001)

Cambodia 9 (including 2 TV relay stations with French and Vietnamese broadcasts); excludes 18 regional relay stations (2006)

Cameroon 1 (2001)

Canada 80 (plus many repeaters) (1997)

Cape Verde 1 (plus 7 repeaters) (2001)

Cayman Islands 4 with cable system (2004)

Central African Republic 1 (2001)

Chad 1 (2001)

Chile 63 (plus 121 repeaters) (1997)

China 3,240 (of which 209 are operated by China Central Television, 31 are provincial TV stations, and nearly 3,000 are local city stations) (1997)

Christmas Island 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands 4 (2007)

Colombia 60 (1997)

Comoros NA

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 4 (2001)

Congo, Republic of the 1 (2001)

Cook Islands 1 (outer islands receive satellite broadcasts) (2004)

Costa Rica 20 (plus 43 repeaters) (2002)

Cote d'Ivoire 14 (1998)

Croatia 36 (plus 321 repeaters) (1995)

Cuba 58 (1997)

Cyprus area under government control: 8 area administered by Turkish Cypriots: 2 (plus 4 relay) (2004)

Czech Republic 150 (plus 1,434 repeaters) (2000)

Denmark 26 (plus 51 repeaters) (1998)

Dhekelia 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia) (2006)

Djibouti 1 (2001)

Dominica 1 (2004)

Dominican Republic 25 (2003)

Ecuador 7 (plus 14 repeaters) (2000)

Egypt 98 (September 1995)

El Salvador 5 (1997)

Equatorial Guinea 1 (2001)

Eritrea 2 (2006)

Estonia 3 (2001)

Ethiopia 1 (plus 24 repeaters) (2001)

European Union 2,700 (1995); note - sum of individual country television broadcast stations excluding repeaters; there is also a European-wide station (Eurovision)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)

Faroe Islands 3 (plus 43 repeaters) (September 1995)

Fiji NA

Finland 120 (plus 431 repeaters) (1999); note - On 1 September 2007, Finland became one of the first countries in the world to broadcast all television signals digitally

France 584 (plus 9,676 repeaters) (1995)

French Polynesia 7 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)

Gabon 4 (plus 4 repeaters) (2001)

Gambia, The 1 (government-owned) (1997)

Gaza Strip 1 (2008)

Georgia 12 (plus repeaters) (1998)

Germany 373 (plus 8,042 repeaters) (1995)

Ghana 7 (2007)

Gibraltar 1 (plus 3 repeaters) (1997)

Greece 36 (plus 1,341 repeaters); also 2 stations in the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (1995)

Greenland 1 (plus some local low-power stations, and 3 Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) stations (1997)

Grenada 2 (1997)

Guam 3 (2006)

Guatemala 26 (plus 27 repeaters) (1997)

Guernsey 1 (1997)

Guinea 6 (2001)

Guinea-Bissau NA (2005)

Guyana 3 (1 public station; 2 private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997)

Haiti 2 (plus a cable TV service) (1997)

Holy See (Vatican City) 1 (2005)

Honduras 11 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)

Hong Kong 55 (2 TV networks, each broadcasting on 2 channels) (2007)

Hungary 35 (plus 161 repeaters) (1995)

Iceland 14 (plus 156 repeaters) (1997)

India 562 (1997)

Indonesia 54 local TV stations (11 national TV networks; each with its group of local transmitters) (2006)

Iran 28 (plus 450 repeaters) (1997)

Iraq 21 (2004)

Ireland 4 (many repeaters) (2001)

Isle of Man 0 (receives broadcasts from the UK and satellite) (1999)

Israel 17 (plus 36 repeaters) (1995)

Italy 358 (plus 4,728 repeaters) (1995)

Jamaica 7 (1997)

Japan 211 (plus 7,341 repeaters); in addition, US Forces are served by 3 TV stations and 2 TV cable services (1999)

Jersey 2 (1997)

Jordan 22 (2007)

Kazakhstan 12 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)

Kenya 8 (2001)

Kiribati 1 (possibly inactive) (2002)

Korea, North 4 (includes Korean Central Television, Mansudae Television, Korean Educational and Cultural Network, and Kaesong Television targeting South Korea) (2003)

Korea, South 43 (plus 59 cable operators and 190 relay cable operators) (2005)

Kuwait 13 (plus several satellite channels) (1997)

Kyrgyzstan 8 (2 countrywide and 6 regional stations; state-owned); note - there are about 20 private TV stations, most of which rebroadcast other channels (2007)

Laos 7 (includes 1 station relaying Vietnam Television from Hanoi) (2006)

Latvia 44 (plus 31 repeaters) (1995)

Lebanon 15 (plus 5 repeaters) (1995)

Lesotho 1 (2000)

Liberia 4 (plus 4 repeaters) (2007)

Libya 12 (plus 1 repeater) (1999)

Liechtenstein NA (linked to Swiss networks) (1997)

Lithuania 27 (may have as many as 100 transmitters, including repeater stations) (2001)

Luxembourg 5 (1999)

Macau 1 (2006)

Macedonia 52 (2007)

Madagascar 1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)

Malawi 1 (2001)

Malaysia 88 (mainland Malaysia 51, Sabah 16, and Sarawak 21) (2006)

Maldives 1 (2006)

Mali 2 (plus repeaters) (2007)

Malta 5 (2006)

Marshall Islands 2 (both are US military stations; Marshalls Broadcasting Service, a cable company, operates on Majuro) (2005)

Mauritania 1 (2002)

Mauritius 2 (plus several repeaters) (1997)

Mayotte 3 (2001)

Mexico 236 (plus repeaters) (1997)

Micronesia, Federated States of 3 (cable TV also available) (2004)

Moldova 40 (2006)

Monaco 5 (1998)

Mongolia 456 (including provincial and low-power repeaters) (2006)

Montenegro 13 (2004)

Montserrat 1 (1997)

Morocco 35 (plus 66 repeaters) (1995)

Mozambique 1 (2000)

Namibia 2 (2007)

Nauru 1 (1997)

Nepal 1 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)

Netherlands 21 (plus 26 repeaters) (1995)

Netherlands Antilles 3 (there is also a cable service that supplies programs received from various US satellite networks and 4 Venezuelan channels) (2003)

New Caledonia 6 (plus 25 repeaters) (1997)

New Zealand 41 (plus about 700 repeaters) (1997)

Nicaragua 3 (plus 7 repeaters) (1997)

Niger 5 (2007)

Nigeria 3 (the government controls 2 of the broadcasting stations and 15 repeater stations) (2001)

Niue 1 (1997)

Norfolk Island 1 (local programming station plus 2 repeaters that air Australian programs by satellite) (2005)

Northern Mariana Islands 1 (on Saipan; in addition, 2 cable services on Saipan provide varied programming from satellite networks) (2006)

Norway 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995)

Oman 13 (plus 25 repeaters) (1999)

Pakistan 20 (5 state-run channels and 15 privately-owned satellite channels) (2006)

Palau 1 (cable) (2005)

Panama 38 (including repeaters) (1998)

Papua New Guinea 3 (all in the Port Moresby area; stations at Mt. Hagen, Goroka, Lae, and Rabaul are planned) (2004)

Paraguay 5 (2007)

Peru 13 (plus 112 repeaters) (1997)

Philippines 250 (plus 1,501 CATV networks) (2007)

Poland 40 (2006)

Portugal 62 (plus 166 repeaters; includes Azores and Madeira Islands) (1995)

Puerto Rico 32 (2006)

Qatar 1 (plus 3 repeaters) (2001)

Romania 623 (plus 200 repeaters) (2006)

Russia 7,306 (1998)

Rwanda 2 (2004)

Saint Helena 0 (3 television channels are received via satellite and distributed by UHF) (2005)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 1 (plus 3 repeaters) (2003)

Saint Lucia 2 (1 commercial broadcast station and 1 community antenna television or CATV channel) (2003)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 0 (2 repeaters rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 (plus 3 repeaters) (2004)

Samoa 2 (2002)

San Marino 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)

Sao Tome and Principe 2 (2001)

Saudi Arabia 117 (1997)

Senegal 4 (2007)

Seychelles 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)

Sierra Leone 2 (1999)

Singapore 1 (broadcasting on six channels); additional reception of numerous UHF and VHF signals originating in Malaysia and Indonesia (2006)

Slovakia 80 (national broadcasting 6, regional 7, local 67) (2004)

Slovenia 31 (2006)

Somalia 4 (2 in Mogadishu and 2 in Hargeisa) (2001)

South Africa 556 (plus 144 network repeaters) (1997)

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 0 (2003)

Spain 224 (plus 2,105 repeaters; includes 11 television broadcast stations and 88 repeaters in the Canary Islands) (1995)

Sri Lanka 14 (2006)

Sudan 3 (1997)

Suriname 3 (plus 7 repeaters) (2000)

Svalbard NA

Swaziland 12 (includes 7 relay stations) (2004)

Sweden 169 (plus 1,299 repeaters) (1995)

Switzerland 115 (plus 1,919 repeaters) (1995)

Syria 44 (plus 17 repeaters) (1995)

Taiwan 76 (46 digital and 30 analog) (2007)

Tajikistan 6 (2006)

Tanzania 3 (1999)

Thailand 111 (2006)

Timor-Leste 1 (Timor-Leste has one national public broadcaster)

Togo 3 (plus 2 repeaters) (1997)

Tonga 3 (2004)

Trinidad and Tobago 6 (2005)

Tunisia 26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)

Turkey 635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995)

Turkmenistan 4 (government-owned and programmed) (2004)

Turks and Caicos Islands 0 (broadcasts received from The Bahamas; 2 cable television networks) (2003)

Tuvalu 0 (2004)

Uganda 8 (plus 1 repeater) (2001)

Ukraine 647 (2006)

United Arab Emirates 15 (2004)

United Kingdom 228 (plus 3,523 repeaters) (1995)

United States 2,218 (2006)

Uruguay 62 (2005)

Uzbekistan 28 (includes 1 cable rebroadcaster in Tashkent and approximately 20 stations in regional capitals) (2006)

Vanuatu 1 (2004)

Venezuela 66 (plus 45 repeaters) (1997)

Vietnam 67 (includes 61 relay, provincial, and city TV stations) (2006)

Virgin Islands 5 (2006)

Wake Island 0 (2005)

Wallis and Futuna 2 (2000)

West Bank 30 (2008)

Western Sahara NA

World NA

Yemen 3 (including one Egypt-based station that broadcasts in Yemen); plus several repeaters (2007)

Zambia 9 (2001)

Zimbabwe 16 (1997)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

======================================================================

@2018 Sex ratio (male(s)/female)

Afghanistan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Albania at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Algeria at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

American Samoa at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Andorra at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Angola at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Anguilla at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Argentina at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Armenia at birth: 1.15 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 0.89 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Aruba at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Australia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Austria at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Azerbaijan at birth: 1.14 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bahamas, The at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bahrain at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.36 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.1 male(s)/female total population: 1.25 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bangladesh at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.15 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Barbados at birth: 1.01 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Belarus at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female total population: 0.87 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Belgium at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Belize at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Benin at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bermuda at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bhutan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.13 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bolivia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Botswana at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Brazil at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

British Virgin Islands at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.07 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Brunei at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Bulgaria at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Burkina Faso at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Burma at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Burundi at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cambodia at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cameroon at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Canada at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cape Verde at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.58 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cayman Islands at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Central African Republic at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Chad at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Chile at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

China at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Christmas Island NA

Colombia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Comoros at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Congo, Republic of the at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cook Islands total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 census)

Costa Rica at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Croatia at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cuba at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Cyprus at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Czech Republic at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Denmark at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Djibouti at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Dominica at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Dominican Republic at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Ecuador at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Egypt at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

El Salvador at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Equatorial Guinea at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Eritrea at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Estonia at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.5 male(s)/female total population: 0.84 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Ethiopia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

European Union at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Faroe Islands at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.15 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Fiji at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Finland at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

France at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

French Polynesia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Gabon at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Gambia, The at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Gaza Strip at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Georgia at birth: 1.13 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Germany at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Ghana at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Gibraltar at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Greece at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Greenland at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Grenada at birth: 1 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guam at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guatemala at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guernsey at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guinea at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guinea-Bissau at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Guyana at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Haiti at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Honduras at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Hong Kong at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Hungary at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Iceland at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

India at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Indonesia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Iran at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Iraq at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Ireland at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Isle of Man at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Israel at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Italy at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Jamaica at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Japan at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Jersey at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Jordan at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.15 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Kazakhstan at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.54 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Kenya at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Kiribati at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Korea, North at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Korea, South at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Kuwait at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.78 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.67 male(s)/female total population: 1.53 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Kyrgyzstan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Laos at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Latvia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.49 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Lebanon at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Lesotho at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Liberia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Libya at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Liechtenstein at birth: 1 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Lithuania at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.53 male(s)/female total population: 0.89 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Luxembourg at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Macau at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Macedonia at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Madagascar at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Malawi at birth: 1.01 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Malaysia at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Maldives at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.59 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.41 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mali at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Malta at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Marshall Islands at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mauritania at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mauritius at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mayotte at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mexico at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of NA

Moldova at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Monaco at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mongolia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Montserrat at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Morocco at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Mozambique at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Namibia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Nauru at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.08 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Nepal at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Netherlands at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Netherlands Antilles at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

New Caledonia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

New Zealand at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Nicaragua at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Niger at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Nigeria at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Niue NA

Norfolk Island NA

Northern Mariana Islands at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.68 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.06 male(s)/female total population: 0.75 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Norway at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Oman at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.4 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.29 male(s)/female total population: 1.23 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Pakistan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Palau at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Panama at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Papua New Guinea at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Paraguay at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Peru at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Philippines at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Pitcairn Islands NA

Poland at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Portugal at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Puerto Rico at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Qatar at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.47 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.4 male(s)/female total population: 2.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Romania at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Russia at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.45 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Rwanda at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saint Helena at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saint Lucia at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Samoa at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

San Marino at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Saudi Arabia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.3 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.08 male(s)/female total population: 1.19 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Senegal at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Seychelles at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.46 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Sierra Leone at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Singapore at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Slovakia at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Slovenia at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Solomon Islands at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Somalia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

South Africa at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Spain at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Sri Lanka at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Sudan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.1 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Suriname at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Svalbard NA

Swaziland at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.61 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Sweden at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Switzerland at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Syria at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Taiwan at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Tajikistan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Tanzania at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Thailand at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Timor-Leste at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Togo at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Tokelau NA

Tonga at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Tunisia at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Turkey at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Turkmenistan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Tuvalu at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Uganda at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Ukraine at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

United Arab Emirates at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.74 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.84 male(s)/female total population: 2.19 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

United Kingdom at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

United States at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Uruguay at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Uzbekistan at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Vanuatu at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.07 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Venezuela at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Vietnam at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Virgin Islands at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

West Bank at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Western Sahara NA

World at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Yemen at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Zambia at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Zimbabwe at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.82 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2019 Heliports

Afghanistan 9 (2007)

Albania 1 (2007)

Algeria 2 (2007)

Antarctica 53 note: all year-round and seasonal stations operated by National Antarctic Programs stations have some kind of helicopter landing facilities, prepared (helipads) or unprepared (2007)

Argentina 1 (2007)

Australia 1 (2007)

Austria 1 (2007)

Azerbaijan 1 (2007)

Bahamas, The 1 (2007)

Bahrain 1 (2007)

Belarus 1 (2007)

Belgium 1 (2007)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 5 (2007)

Brazil 16 (2007)

Brunei 3 (2007)

Bulgaria 4 (2007)

Burma 4 (2007)

Burundi 1 (2007)

Cambodia 1 (2007)

Canada 11 (2007)

China 35 (2007)

Colombia 2 (2007)

Croatia 2 (2007)

Cyprus 10 (2007)

Czech Republic 1 (2007)

Ecuador 1 (2007)

Egypt 3 (2007)

El Salvador 1 (2007)

Eritrea 1 (2007)

Estonia 1 (2007)

European Union 100 (2007)

France 3 (2007)

French Polynesia 1 (2007)

Gaza Strip 1 (2007)

Georgia 3 (2007)

Germany 28 (2007)

Greece 9 (2007)

Hong Kong 5 (2007)

Hungary 5 (2007)

India 30 (2007)

Indonesia 17 (2007)

Iran 14 (2007)

Iraq 17 (2007)

Israel 3 (2007)

Italy 5 (2007)

Japan 14 (2007)

Jordan 1 (2007)

Kazakhstan 5 (2007)

Korea, North 23 (2007)

Korea, South 536 (2007)

Kosovo 2 (2008)

Kuwait 4 (2007)

Libya 2 (2007)

Luxembourg 1 (2007)

Macau 1 (2007)

Malaysia 2 (2007)

Mexico 1 (2007)

Monaco 1 (2007)

Mongolia 1 (2007)

Montenegro 1 (2007)

Morocco 1 (2007)

Netherlands 1 (2007)

New Caledonia 6 (2007)

Nigeria 2 (2007)

Northern Mariana Islands 1 (2007)

Norway 1 (2007)

Oman 2 (2007)

Pakistan 18 (2007)

Panama 2 (2007)

Papua New Guinea 2 (2007)

Peru 1 (2007)

Philippines 2 (2007)

Poland 7 (2007)

Qatar 1 (2007)

Romania 2 (2007)

Russia 47 (2007)

Saudi Arabia 8 (2007)

Serbia 2 (2007)

Sierra Leone 2 (2007)

Slovakia 1 (2007)

Solomon Islands 3 (2007)

South Africa 1 (2007)

Spain 8 (2007)

Spratly Islands 3 (2007)

Sudan 4 (2007)

Svalbard 1 (2007)

Sweden 2 (2007)

Switzerland 2 (2007)

Syria 7 (2007)

Taiwan 4 (2007)

Thailand 3 (2007)

Timor-Leste 9 (2007)

Turkey 18 (2007)

Turkmenistan 1 (2007)

Ukraine 10 (2007)

United Arab Emirates 5 (2007)

United Kingdom 11 (2007)

United States 146 (2007)

Venezuela 2 (2007)

Vietnam 1 (2007)

World 1,359 (2007)

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2020 Elevation extremes (m)

Afghanistan lowest point: Amu Darya 258 m highest point: Nowshak 7,485 m

Albania lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m

Algeria lowest point: Chott Melrhir -40 m highest point: Tahat 3,003 m

American Samoa lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata Mountain 964 m

Andorra lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m

Angola lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morro de Moco 2,620 m

Anguilla lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m

Antarctica lowest point: Bentley Subglacial Trench -2,555 m highest point: Vinson Massif 4,897 m note: the lowest known land point in Antarctica is hidden in the Bentley Subglacial Trench; at its surface is the deepest ice yet discovered and the world's lowest elevation not under seawater

Antigua and Barbuda lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m

Arctic Ocean lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m

Argentina lowest point: Laguna del Carbon -105 m (located between Puerto San Julian and Comandante Luis Piedra Buena in the province of Santa Cruz) highest point: Cerro Aconcagua 6,960 m (located in the northwestern corner of the province of Mendoza)

Armenia lowest point: Debed River 400 m highest point: Aragats Lerrnagagat' 4,090 m

Aruba lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Jamanota 188 m

Ashmore and Cartier Islands lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m

Atlantic Ocean lowest point: Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench -8,605 m highest point: sea level 0 m

Australia lowest point: Lake Eyre -15 m highest point: Mount Kosciuszko 2,229 m

Austria lowest point: Neusiedler See 115 m highest point: Grossglockner 3,798 m

Azerbaijan lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m highest point: Bazarduzu Dagi 4,485 m

Bahamas, The lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Alvernia, on Cat Island 63 m

Bahrain lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m

Bangladesh lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Keokradong 1,230 m

Barbados lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Hillaby 336 m

Belarus lowest point: Nyoman River 90 m highest point: Dzyarzhynskaya Hara 346 m

Belgium lowest point: North Sea 0 m highest point: Signal de Botrange 694 m

Belize lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Doyle's Delight 1,160 m

Benin lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Sokbaro 658 m

Bermuda lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m

Bhutan lowest point: Drangme Chhu 97 m highest point: Kula Kangri 7,553 m

Bolivia lowest point: Rio Paraguay 90 m highest point: Nevado Sajama 6,542 m

Bosnia and Herzegovina lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Maglic 2,386 m

Botswana lowest point: junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m highest point: Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m

Bouvet Island lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Olav Peak 935 m

Brazil lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico da Neblina 3,014 m

British Indian Ocean Territory lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m

British Virgin Islands lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Sage 521 m

Brunei lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m

Bulgaria lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Musala 2,925 m

Burkina Faso lowest point: Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m highest point: Tena Kourou 749 m

Burma lowest point: Andaman Sea 0 m highest point: Hkakabo Razi 5,881 m

Burundi lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point: Heha 2,670 m

Cambodia lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m highest point: Phnum Aoral 1,810 m

Cameroon lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Fako 4,095 m (on Mt. Cameroon)

Canada lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Logan 5,959 m

Cape Verde lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)

Cayman Islands lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: The Bluff (Cayman Brac) 43 m

Central African Republic lowest point: Oubangui River 335 m highest point: Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m

Chad lowest point: Djourab Depression 160 m highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m

Chile lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,880 m

China lowest point: Turpan Pendi -154 m highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m

Christmas Island lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m

Clipperton Island lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Rocher Clipperton 29 m

Cocos (Keeling) Islands lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m

Colombia lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico Cristobal Colon 5,775 m note: nearby Pico Simon Bolivar also has the same elevation

Comoros lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Le Karthala 2,360 m

Congo, Democratic Republic of the lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pic Marguerite on Mont Ngaliema (Mount Stanley) 5,110 m

Congo, Republic of the lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Berongou 903 m

Cook Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Te Manga 652 m

Coral Sea Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Cato Island 6 m

Costa Rica lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro Chirripo 3,810 m

Cote d'Ivoire lowest point: Gulf of Guinea 0 m highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m

Croatia lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Dinara 1,830 m

Cuba lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Pico Turquino 2,005 m

Cyprus lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Olympus 1,951 m

Czech Republic lowest point: Elbe River 115 m highest point: Snezka 1,602 m

Denmark lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m highest point: Yding Skovhoej 173 m

Djibouti lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m

Dominica lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Morne Diablatins 1,447 m

Dominican Republic lowest point: Lago Enriquillo -46 m highest point: Pico Duarte 3,175 m

Ecuador lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Chimborazo 6,267 m

Egypt lowest point: Qattara Depression -133 m highest point: Mount Catherine 2,629 m

El Salvador lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m

Equatorial Guinea lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m

Eritrea lowest point: near Kulul within the Denakil depression -75 m highest point: Soira 3,018 m

Estonia lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Suur Munamagi 318 m

Ethiopia lowest point: Denakil Depression -125 m highest point: Ras Dejen 4,533 m

European Union lowest point: Lammefjord, Denmark -7 m; Zuidplaspolder, Netherlands -7 m highest point: Mont Blanc 4,807 m; note - situated on the border between France and Italy

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m

Faroe Islands lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Slaettaratindur 882 m

Fiji lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m

Finland lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Haltiatunturi 1,328 m

France lowest point: Rhone River delta -2 m highest point: Mont Blanc 4,807 m

French Polynesia lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Orohena 2,241 m

French Southern and Antarctic Lands lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont de la Dives on Ile Amsterdam (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul) 867 m; unnamed location on Ile Saint-Paul (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul) 272 m; Pic Marion-Dufresne in Iles Crozet 1,090 m; Mont Ross in Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m; unnamed location on Bassas de India (Iles Eparses) 2.4 m; unnamed location on Europa Island (Iles Eparses) 24 m; unnamed location on Glorioso Islands (Iles Eparses) 12 m; unnamed location on Juan de Nova Island (Iles Eparses) 10 m; unnamed location on Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses) 7 m

Gabon lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Iboundji 1,575 m

Gambia, The lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 53 m

Gaza Strip lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Auda) 105 m

Georgia lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m

Germany lowest point: Neuendorf bei Wilster -3.54 m highest point: Zugspitze 2,963 m

Ghana lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Afadjato 880 m

Gibraltar lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m

Greece lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m

Greenland lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m

Grenada lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m

Guam lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m

Guatemala lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m

Guernsey lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m

Guinea lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m

Guinea-Bissau lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location in the northeast corner of the country 300 m

Guyana lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m

Haiti lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m

Heard Island and McDonald Islands lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m

Holy See (Vatican City) lowest point: unnamed location 19 m highest point: unnamed location 75 m

Honduras lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m

Hong Kong lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m

Hungary lowest point: Tisza River 78 m highest point: Kekes 1,014 m

Iceland lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Hvannadalshnukur 2,110 m (at Vatnajokull glacier)

India lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m

Indian Ocean lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m highest point: sea level 0 m

Indonesia lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m

Iran lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m highest point: Kuh-e Damavand 5,671 m

Iraq lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: unnamed peak; 3,611 m; note - this peak is neither Gundah Zhur 3,607 m nor Kuh-e Hajji-Ebrahim 3,595 m

Ireland lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Carrauntoohil 1,041 m

Isle of Man lowest point: Irish Sea 0 m highest point: Snaefell 621 m

Israel lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Har Meron 1,208 m

Italy lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur 4,748 m (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)

Jamaica lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Mountain Peak 2,256 m

Jan Mayen lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m

Japan lowest point: Hachiro-gata -4 m highest point: Mount Fuji 3,776 m

Jersey lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m

Jordan lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Jabal Ram 1,734 m

Kazakhstan lowest point: Vpadina Kaundy -132 m highest point: Khan Tangiri Shyngy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m

Kenya lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m

Kiribati lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m

Korea, North lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m highest point: Paektu-san 2,744 m

Korea, South lowest point: Sea of Japan 0 m highest point: Halla-san 1,950 m

Kosovo lowest point: Drini i Bardhe/Beli Drim 297 m (located on the border with Albania) highest point: Gjeravica/Deravica 2,565 m

Kuwait lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: unnamed location 306 m

Kyrgyzstan lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m

Laos lowest point: Mekong River 70 m highest point: Phou Bia 2,817 m

Latvia lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Galzina Kalns 312 m

Lebanon lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Qurnat as Sawda' 3,088 m

Lesotho lowest point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m highest point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m

Liberia lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Wuteve 1,380 m

Libya lowest point: Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m highest point: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m

Liechtenstein lowest point: Ruggeller Riet 430 m highest point: Vorder-Grauspitz 2,599 m

Lithuania lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Juozapines Kalnas 293.6 m

Luxembourg lowest point: Moselle River 133 m highest point: Buurgplaatz 559 m

Macau lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m

Macedonia lowest point: Vardar River 50 m highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,764 m

Madagascar lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Maromokotro 2,876 m

Malawi lowest point: junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m highest point: Sapitwa (Mount Mlanje) 3,002 m

Malaysia lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m

Maldives lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m

Mali lowest point: Senegal River 23 m highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m

Malta lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Ta'Dmejrek 253 m (near Dingli)

Marshall Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m

Mauritania lowest point: Sebkhet Te-n-Dghamcha -5 m highest point: Kediet Ijill 915 m

Mauritius lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Piton 828 m

Mayotte lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m

Mexico lowest point: Laguna Salada -10 m highest point: Volcan Pico de Orizaba 5,700 m

Micronesia, Federated States of lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m

Moldova lowest point: Dniester River 2 m highest point: Dealul Balanesti 430 m

Monaco lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m

Mongolia lowest point: Hoh Nuur 518 m highest point: Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m

Montenegro lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m

Montserrat lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)

Morocco lowest point: Sebkha Tah -55 m highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m

Mozambique lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m

Namibia lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Konigstein 2,606 m

Nauru lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m

Navassa Island lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: unnamed location on southwest side 77 m

Nepal lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m

Netherlands lowest point: Zuidplaspolder -7 m highest point: Vaalserberg 322 m

Netherlands Antilles lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Scenery 862 m

New Caledonia lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m

New Zealand lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m

Nicaragua lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mogoton 2,438 m

Niger lowest point: Niger River 200 m highest point: Mont Bagzane 2,022 m

Nigeria lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Niue lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m

Norfolk Island lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m

Northern Mariana Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Agrihan 965 m

Norway lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m

Oman lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m highest point: Jabal Shams 2,980 m

Pacific Ocean lowest point: Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench -10,924 m highest point: sea level 0 m

Pakistan lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m

Palau lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m

Panama lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Volcan Baru 3,475 m

Papua New Guinea lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m

Paracel Islands lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m

Paraguay lowest point: junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m highest point: Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m

Peru lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m

Philippines lowest point: Philippine Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Apo 2,954 m

Pitcairn Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Pawala Valley Ridge 347 m

Poland lowest point: near Raczki Elblaskie -2 m highest point: Rysy 2,499 m

Portugal lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores 2,351 m

Puerto Rico lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,339 m

Qatar lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m

Romania lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Moldoveanu 2,544 m

Russia lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m highest point: Gora El'brus 5,633 m

Rwanda lowest point: Rusizi River 950 m highest point: Volcan Karisimbi 4,519 m

Saint Barthelemy lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne du Vitet 286 m

Saint Helena lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m

Saint Kitts and Nevis lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m

Saint Lucia lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Gimie 950 m

Saint Martin lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m

Saint Pierre and Miquelon lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: La Soufriere 1,234 m

Samoa lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mauga Silisili (Savaii) 1,857 m

San Marino lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m highest point: Monte Titano 755 m

Sao Tome and Principe lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m

Saudi Arabia lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal Sawda' 3,133 m

Senegal lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m

Serbia lowest point: NA highest point: Midzor 2,169 m

Seychelles lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m

Sierra Leone lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m

Singapore lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m

Slovakia lowest point: Bodrok River 94 m highest point: Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m

Slovenia lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Triglav 2,864 m

Solomon Islands lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Makarakomburu 2,447 m

Somalia lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Shimbiris 2,416 m

South Africa lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Njesuthi 3,408 m

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m

Southern Ocean lowest point: -7,235 m at the southern end of the South Sandwich Trench highest point: sea level 0 m

Spain lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m

Spratly Islands lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m

Sri Lanka lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Pidurutalagala 2,524 m

Sudan lowest point: Red Sea 0 m highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m

Suriname lowest point: unnamed location in the coastal plain -2 m highest point: Juliana Top 1,230 m

Svalbard lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m

Swaziland lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m

Sweden lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.41 m highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m

Switzerland lowest point: Lake Maggiore 195 m highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m

Syria lowest point: unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m highest point: Mount Hermon 2,814 m

Taiwan lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Yu Shan 3,952 m

Tajikistan lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m

Tanzania lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m

Thailand lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m highest point: Doi Inthanon 2,576 m

Timor-Leste lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m

Togo lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Agou 986 m

Tokelau lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m

Tonga lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m

Trinidad and Tobago lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m

Tunisia lowest point: Shatt al Gharsah -17 m highest point: Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m

Turkey lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Ararat 5,166 m

Turkmenistan lowest point: Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; note - Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m) highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m

Turks and Caicos Islands lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m

Tuvalu lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m

Uganda lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m

Ukraine lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m

United Arab Emirates lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m

United Kingdom lowest point: The Fens -4 m highest point: Ben Nevis 1,343 m

United States lowest point: Death Valley -86 m highest point: Mount McKinley 6,198 m

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Baker Island, unnamed location - 8 m; Howland Island, unnamed location - 3 m; Jarvis Island, unnamed location - 7 m; Johnston Atoll, Sand Island - 10 m; Kingman Reef, unnamed location - less than 2 m; Midway Islands, unnamed location - 13 m; Palmyra Atoll, unnamed location - 3 m

Uruguay lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m

Uzbekistan lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m

Vanuatu lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Tabwemasana 1,877 m

Venezuela lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Pico Bolivar (La Columna) 5,007 m

Vietnam lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Fan Si Pan 3,144 m

Virgin Islands lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crown Mountain 475 m

Wake Island lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 6 m

Wallis and Futuna lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Singavi 765 m

West Bank lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m

Western Sahara lowest point: Sebjet Tah -55 m highest point: unnamed elevation 805 m

World lowest point: Bentley Subglacial Trench -2,540 m note: in the oceanic realm, Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is the lowest point, lying -10,924 m below the surface of the Pacific Ocean highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m

Yemen lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m highest point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m

Zambia lowest point: Zambezi river 329 m highest point: unnamed location in Mafinga Hills 2,301 m

Zimbabwe lowest point: junction of the Runde and Save rivers 162 m highest point: Inyangani 2,592 m

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2021 Natural hazards

Afghanistan damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts

Albania destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought

Algeria mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season

American Samoa typhoons common from December to March

Andorra avalanches

Angola locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau

Anguilla frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)

Antarctica katabatic (gravity-driven) winds blow coastward from the high interior; frequent blizzards form near the foot of the plateau; cyclonic storms form over the ocean and move clockwise along the coast; volcanism on Deception Island and isolated areas of West Antarctica; other seismic activity rare and weak; large icebergs may calve from ice shelf

Antigua and Barbuda hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts

Arctic Ocean ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May

Argentina San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding

Armenia occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts

Aruba hurricanes; lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened

Ashmore and Cartier Islands surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards

Atlantic Ocean icebergs common in Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, and the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from October to May; persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to September; hurricanes (May to December)

Australia cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires

Austria landslides; avalanches; earthquakes

Azerbaijan droughts

Bahamas, The hurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive flood and wind damage

Bahrain periodic droughts; dust storms

Bangladesh droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season

Barbados infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides

Belarus NA

Belgium flooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes

Belize frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and coastal flooding (especially in south)

Benin hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December to March

Bermuda hurricanes (June to November)

Bhutan violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season

Bolivia flooding in the northeast (March-April)

Bosnia and Herzegovina destructive earthquakes

Botswana periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility

Bouvet Island NA

Brazil recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south

British Indian Ocean Territory NA

British Virgin Islands hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)

Brunei typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare

Bulgaria earthquakes, landslides

Burkina Faso recurring droughts

Burma destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts

Burundi flooding, landslides, drought

Cambodia monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts

Cameroon volcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes

Canada continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains

Cape Verde prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active

Cayman Islands hurricanes (July to November)

Central African Republic hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common

Chad hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues

Chile severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis

China frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts); damaging floods; tsunamis; earthquakes; droughts; land subsidence

Christmas Island the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard

Clipperton Island NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands cyclone season is October to April

Colombia highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts

Comoros cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April); Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano

Congo, Democratic Republic of the periodic droughts in south; Congo River floods (seasonal); in the east, in the Great Rift Valley, there are active volcanoes

Congo, Republic of the seasonal flooding

Cook Islands typhoons (November to March)

Coral Sea Islands occasional tropical cyclones

Costa Rica occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season and landslides; active volcanoes

Cote d'Ivoire coast has heavy surf and no natural harbors; during the rainy season torrential flooding is possible

Croatia destructive earthquakes

Cuba the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common

Cyprus moderate earthquake activity; droughts

Czech Republic flooding

Denmark flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes

Djibouti earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods

Dominica flash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months

Dominican Republic lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding; periodic droughts

Ecuador frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts

Egypt periodic droughts; frequent earthquakes, flash floods, landslides; hot, driving windstorm called khamsin occurs in spring; dust storms, sandstorms

El Salvador known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes

Equatorial Guinea violent windstorms, flash floods

Eritrea frequent droughts; locust swarms

Estonia sometimes flooding occurs in the spring

Ethiopia geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts

European Union flooding along coasts; avalanches in mountainous area; earthquakes in the south; volcanic eruptions in Italy; periodic droughts in Spain; ice floes in the Baltic

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) strong winds persist throughout the year

Faroe Islands NA

Fiji cyclonic storms can occur from November to January

Finland NA

France metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones), flooding, volcanic activity (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion)

French Polynesia occasional cyclonic storms in January

French Southern and Antarctic Lands Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are inactive volcanoes; Iles Eparses subject to periodic cyclones; Bassas da India is a maritime hazard since it is under water for a period of three hours prior to and following the high tide and surrounded by reefs

Gabon NA

Gambia, The drought (rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last 30 years)

Gaza Strip droughts

Georgia earthquakes

Germany flooding

Ghana dry, dusty, northeastern harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts

Gibraltar NA

Greece severe earthquakes

Greenland continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island

Grenada lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November

Guam frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June - December)

Guatemala numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms

Guernsey NA

Guinea hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season

Guinea-Bissau hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season; brush fires

Guyana flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons

Haiti lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts

Heard Island and McDonald Islands Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island

Holy See (Vatican City) NA

Honduras frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast

Hong Kong occasional typhoons

Iceland earthquakes and volcanic activity

India droughts; flash floods, as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes

Indian Ocean occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches

Indonesia occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires

Iran periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes

Iraq dust storms, sandstorms, floods

Ireland NA

Isle of Man NA

Israel sandstorms may occur during spring and summer; droughts; periodic earthquakes

Italy regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding; land subsidence in Venice

Jamaica hurricanes (especially July to November)

Jan Mayen dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985

Japan many dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year; tsunamis; typhoons

Jersey NA

Jordan droughts; periodic earthquakes

Kazakhstan earthquakes in the south, mudslides around Almaty

Kenya recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons

Kiribati typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level

Korea, North late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall

Korea, South occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest

Kuwait sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April and bring heavy rain, which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year but are most common between March and August

Kyrgyzstan NA

Laos floods, droughts

Latvia NA

Lebanon dust storms, sandstorms

Lesotho periodic droughts

Liberia dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March)

Libya hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms

Liechtenstein NA

Lithuania NA

Luxembourg NA

Macau typhoons

Macedonia high seismic risks

Madagascar periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation

Malawi NA

Malaysia flooding, landslides, forest fires

Maldives low level of islands makes them sensitive to sea level rise

Mali hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding

Malta NA

Marshall Islands infrequent typhoons

Mauritania hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind blows primarily in March and April; periodic droughts

Mauritius cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards

Mayotte cyclones during rainy season

Mexico tsunamis along the Pacific coast, volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean coasts

Micronesia, Federated States of typhoons (June to December)

Moldova landslides

Monaco NA

Mongolia dust storms, grassland and forest fires, drought, and "zud," which is harsh winter conditions

Montenegro destructive earthquakes

Montserrat severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)

Morocco northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts

Mozambique severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces

Namibia prolonged periods of drought

Nauru periodic droughts

Navassa Island hurricanes

Nepal severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons

Netherlands flooding

Netherlands Antilles Sint Maarten, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are subject to hurricanes from July to October; Curacao and Bonaire are south of Caribbean hurricane belt and are rarely threatened

New Caledonia cyclones, most frequent from November to March

New Zealand earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity

Nicaragua destructive earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes

Niger recurring droughts

Nigeria periodic droughts; flooding

Niue typhoons

Norfolk Island typhoons (especially May to July)

Northern Mariana Islands active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons (especially August to November)

Norway rockslides, avalanches

Oman summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts

Pacific Ocean surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October); tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December

Pakistan frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)

Palau typhoons (June to December)

Panama occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area

Papua New Guinea active volcanism; situated along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis

Paracel Islands typhoons

Paraguay local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)

Peru earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity

Philippines astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis

Pitcairn Islands typhoons (especially November to March)

Poland flooding

Portugal Azores subject to severe earthquakes

Puerto Rico periodic droughts; hurricanes

Qatar haze, dust storms, sandstorms common

Romania earthquakes, most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides

Russia permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout Siberia and parts of European Russia

Rwanda periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the northwest along the border with Democratic Republic of the Congo

Saint Helena active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961

Saint Kitts and Nevis hurricanes (July to October)

Saint Lucia hurricanes and volcanic activity

Saint Pierre and Miquelon persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat

Samoa occasional typhoons; active volcanism

San Marino NA

Sao Tome and Principe NA

Saudi Arabia frequent sand and dust storms

Senegal lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts

Serbia destructive earthquakes

Seychelles lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible

Sierra Leone dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms

Singapore NA

Slovakia NA

Slovenia flooding and earthquakes

Solomon Islands typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and volcanic activity; tsunamis

Somalia recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season

South Africa prolonged droughts

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism

Southern Ocean huge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice (generally 0.5 to 1 m thick) with sometimes dynamic short-term variations and with large annual and interannual variations; deep continental shelf floored by glacial deposits varying widely over short distances; high winds and large waves much of the year; ship icing, especially May-October; most of region is remote from sources of search and rescue

Spain periodic droughts

Spratly Islands typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard

Sri Lanka occasional cyclones and tornadoes

Sudan dust storms and periodic persistent droughts

Suriname NA

Svalbard ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic

Swaziland drought

Sweden ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic

Switzerland avalanches, landslides, flash floods

Syria dust storms, sandstorms

Taiwan earthquakes and typhoons

Tajikistan earthquakes and floods

Tanzania flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought

Thailand land subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts

Timor-Leste floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones

Togo hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts

Tokelau lies in Pacific typhoon belt

Tonga cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou

Trinidad and Tobago outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms

Tunisia NA

Turkey severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van

Turkmenistan NA

Turks and Caicos Islands frequent hurricanes

Tuvalu severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level

Uganda NA

Ukraine NA

United Arab Emirates frequent sand and dust storms

United Kingdom winter windstorms; floods

United States tsunamis, volcanoes, and earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the midwest and southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands: the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard Kingman Reef: wet or awash most of the time, maximum elevation of less than 2 m makes Kingman Reef a maritime hazard Midway Islands, Johnston, and Palmyra Atolls: NA

Uruguay seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind that blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts

Uzbekistan NA

Vanuatu tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanic eruption on Aoba (Ambae) island began 27 November 2005, volcanism also causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis

Venezuela subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts

Vietnam occasional typhoons (May to January) with extensive flooding, especially in the Mekong River delta

Virgin Islands several hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes

Wake Island occasional typhoons

Wallis and Futuna NA

West Bank droughts

Western Sahara hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility

World large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions)

Yemen sandstorms and dust storms in summer

Zambia periodic drought, tropical storms (November to April)

Zimbabwe recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2022 People - note

Cook Islands 2001 census counted a resident population of 15,017

Cuba illicit emigration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US including direct flights to Miami and over-land via the southwest border

Germany second most populous country in Europe after Russia

Rwanda Rwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa

Trinidad and Tobago in 2007, the government of Trinidad and Tobago estimated the population to be 1.3 million

Turks and Caicos Islands destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2023 Area - comparative

Afghanistan slightly smaller than Texas

Akrotiri about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

Albania slightly smaller than Maryland

Algeria slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas

American Samoa slightly larger than Washington, DC

Andorra 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Angola slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Anguilla about half the size of Washington, DC

Antarctica slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US

Antigua and Barbuda 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Arctic Ocean slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US

Argentina slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US

Armenia slightly smaller than Maryland

Aruba slightly larger than Washington, DC

Ashmore and Cartier Islands about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Atlantic Ocean slightly less than 6.5 times the size of the US

Australia slightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states

Austria slightly smaller than Maine

Azerbaijan slightly smaller than Maine

Bahamas, The slightly smaller than Connecticut

Bahrain 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Bangladesh slightly smaller than Iowa

Barbados 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Belarus slightly smaller than Kansas

Belgium about the size of Maryland

Belize slightly smaller than Massachusetts

Benin slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Bermuda about one-third the size of Washington, DC

Bhutan about one-half the size of Indiana

Bolivia slightly less than three times the size of Montana

Bosnia and Herzegovina slightly smaller than West Virginia

Botswana slightly smaller than Texas

Bouvet Island about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Brazil slightly smaller than the US

British Indian Ocean Territory land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

British Virgin Islands about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC

Brunei slightly smaller than Delaware

Bulgaria slightly larger than Tennessee

Burkina Faso slightly larger than Colorado

Burma slightly smaller than Texas

Burundi slightly smaller than Maryland

Cambodia slightly smaller than Oklahoma

Cameroon slightly larger than California

Canada somewhat larger than the US

Cape Verde slightly larger than Rhode Island

Cayman Islands 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Central African Republic slightly smaller than Texas

Chad slightly more than three times the size of California

Chile slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana

China slightly smaller than the US

Christmas Island about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC

Clipperton Island about 12 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Cocos (Keeling) Islands about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Colombia slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Comoros slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC

Congo, Democratic Republic of the slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US

Congo, Republic of the slightly smaller than Montana

Cook Islands 1.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Coral Sea Islands NA

Costa Rica slightly smaller than West Virginia

Cote d'Ivoire slightly larger than New Mexico

Croatia slightly smaller than West Virginia

Cuba slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Cyprus about 0.6 times the size of Connecticut

Czech Republic slightly smaller than South Carolina

Denmark slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts

Dhekelia about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC

Djibouti slightly smaller than Massachusetts

Dominica slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC

Dominican Republic slightly more than twice the size of New Hampshire

Ecuador slightly smaller than Nevada

Egypt slightly more than three times the size of New Mexico

El Salvador slightly smaller than Massachusetts

Equatorial Guinea slightly smaller than Maryland

Eritrea slightly larger than Pennsylvania

Estonia slightly smaller than New Hampshire and Vermont combined

Ethiopia slightly less than twice the size of Texas

European Union less than one-half the size of the US

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) slightly smaller than Connecticut

Faroe Islands eight times the size of Washington, DC

Fiji slightly smaller than New Jersey

Finland slightly smaller than Montana

France slightly less than the size of Texas

French Polynesia slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut

French Southern and Antarctic Lands Ile Amsterdam (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul): less than one-half the size of Washington, DC Ile Saint-Paul (Ile Amsterdam et Ile Saint-Paul): more than 10 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Iles Crozet: about twice the size of Washington, DC Iles Kerguelen: a little larger than Delaware Bassas da India (Iles Eparses): land area about one-third the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Europa Island (Iles Eparses): about one-sixth the size of Washington, DC Glorioso Islands (Iles Eparses): about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Juan de Nova Island (Iles Eparses): about seven times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Tromelin Island (Iles Eparses): about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Gabon slightly smaller than Colorado

Gambia, The slightly less than twice the size of Delaware

Gaza Strip slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Georgia slightly smaller than South Carolina

Germany slightly smaller than Montana

Ghana slightly smaller than Oregon

Gibraltar a little less than one half the size of Rhode Island

Greece slightly smaller than Alabama

Greenland slightly more than three times the size of Texas

Grenada twice the size of Washington, DC

Guam three times the size of Washington, DC

Guatemala slightly smaller than Tennessee

Guernsey about one-half the size of Washington, DC

Guinea slightly smaller than Oregon

Guinea-Bissau slightly less than three times the size of Connecticut

Guyana slightly smaller than Idaho

Haiti slightly smaller than Maryland

Heard Island and McDonald Islands slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC

Holy See (Vatican City) about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Honduras slightly larger than Tennessee

Hong Kong six times the size of Washington, DC

Hungary slightly smaller than Indiana

Iceland slightly smaller than Kentucky

India slightly more than one-third the size of the US

Indian Ocean about 5.5 times the size of the US

Indonesia slightly less than three times the size of Texas

Iran slightly larger than Alaska

Iraq slightly more than twice the size of Idaho

Ireland slightly larger than West Virginia

Isle of Man slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC

Israel slightly smaller than New Jersey

Italy slightly larger than Arizona

Jamaica slightly smaller than Connecticut

Jan Mayen slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Japan slightly smaller than California

Jersey about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC

Jordan slightly smaller than Indiana

Kazakhstan slightly less than four times the size of Texas

Kenya slightly more than twice the size of Nevada

Kiribati four times the size of Washington, DC

Korea, North slightly smaller than Mississippi

Korea, South slightly larger than Indiana

Kosovo slightly larger than Delaware

Kuwait slightly smaller than New Jersey

Kyrgyzstan slightly smaller than South Dakota

Laos slightly larger than Utah

Latvia slightly larger than West Virginia

Lebanon about 0.7 times the size of Connecticut

Lesotho slightly smaller than Maryland

Liberia slightly larger than Tennessee

Libya slightly larger than Alaska

Liechtenstein about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC

Lithuania slightly larger than West Virginia

Luxembourg slightly smaller than Rhode Island

Macau less than one-sixth the size of Washington, DC

Macedonia slightly larger than Vermont

Madagascar slightly less than twice the size of Arizona

Malawi slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

Malaysia slightly larger than New Mexico

Maldives about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC

Mali slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Malta slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC

Marshall Islands about the size of Washington, DC

Mauritania slightly larger than three times the size of New Mexico

Mauritius almost 11 times the size of Washington, DC

Mayotte slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Mexico slightly less than three times the size of Texas

Micronesia, Federated States of four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)

Moldova slightly larger than Maryland

Monaco about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Mongolia slightly smaller than Alaska

Montenegro slightly smaller than Connecticut

Montserrat about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC

Morocco slightly larger than California

Mozambique slightly less than twice the size of California

Namibia slightly more than half the size of Alaska

Nauru about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Navassa Island about nine times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Nepal slightly larger than Arkansas

Netherlands slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey

Netherlands Antilles more than five times the size of Washington, DC

New Caledonia slightly smaller than New Jersey

New Zealand about the size of Colorado

Nicaragua slightly smaller than the state of New York

Niger slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Nigeria slightly more than twice the size of California

Niue 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Norfolk Island about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC

Northern Mariana Islands 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Norway slightly larger than New Mexico

Oman slightly smaller than Kansas

Pacific Ocean about 15 times the size of the US; covers about 28% of the global surface; larger than the total land area of the world

Pakistan slightly less than twice the size of California

Palau slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Panama slightly smaller than South Carolina

Papua New Guinea slightly larger than California

Paracel Islands NA

Paraguay slightly smaller than California

Peru slightly smaller than Alaska

Philippines slightly larger than Arizona

Pitcairn Islands about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Poland slightly smaller than New Mexico

Portugal slightly smaller than Indiana

Puerto Rico slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island

Qatar slightly smaller than Connecticut

Romania slightly smaller than Oregon

Russia approximately 1.8 times the size of the US

Rwanda slightly smaller than Maryland

Saint Barthelemy less than an eighth of the size of Washington, DC

Saint Helena slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Saint Kitts and Nevis 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Lucia 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Martin more than one-third the size of Washington, DC

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines twice the size of Washington, DC

Samoa slightly smaller than Rhode Island

San Marino about one third times the size of Washington, DC

Sao Tome and Principe more than five times the size of Washington, DC

Saudi Arabia slightly more than one-fifth the size of the US

Senegal slightly smaller than South Dakota

Serbia slightly smaller than South Carolina

Seychelles 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Sierra Leone slightly smaller than South Carolina

Singapore slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Slovakia about twice the size of New Hampshire

Slovenia slightly smaller than New Jersey

Solomon Islands slightly smaller than Maryland

Somalia slightly smaller than Texas

South Africa slightly less than twice the size of Texas

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands slightly larger than Rhode Island

Southern Ocean slightly more than twice the size of the US

Spain slightly more than twice the size of Oregon

Spratly Islands NA

Sri Lanka slightly larger than West Virginia

Sudan slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US

Suriname slightly larger than Georgia

Svalbard slightly smaller than West Virginia

Swaziland slightly smaller than New Jersey

Sweden slightly larger than California

Switzerland slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey

Syria slightly larger than North Dakota

Taiwan slightly smaller than Maryland and Delaware combined

Tajikistan slightly smaller than Wisconsin

Tanzania slightly larger than twice the size of California

Thailand slightly more than twice the size of Wyoming

Timor-Leste slightly larger than Connecticut

Togo slightly smaller than West Virginia

Tokelau about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Tonga four times the size of Washington, DC

Trinidad and Tobago slightly smaller than Delaware

Tunisia slightly larger than Georgia

Turkey slightly larger than Texas

Turkmenistan slightly larger than California

Turks and Caicos Islands 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Tuvalu 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC

Uganda slightly smaller than Oregon

Ukraine slightly smaller than Texas

United Arab Emirates slightly smaller than Maine

United Kingdom slightly smaller than Oregon

United States about half the size of Russia; about three-tenths the size of Africa; about half the size of South America (or slightly larger than Brazil); slightly larger than China; more than twice the size of the European Union

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges Baker Island: about two and a half times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Howland Island: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Jarvis Island: about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Johnston Atoll: about four and a half times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Kingman Reef: a little more than one and a half times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Midway Islands: about nine times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC Palmyra Atoll: about 20 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Uruguay slightly smaller than the state of Washington

Uzbekistan slightly larger than California

Vanuatu slightly larger than Connecticut

Venezuela slightly more than twice the size of California

Vietnam slightly larger than New Mexico

Virgin Islands twice the size of Washington, DC

Wake Island about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Wallis and Futuna 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC

West Bank slightly smaller than Delaware

Western Sahara about the size of Colorado

World land area about 16 times the size of the US

Yemen slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming

Zambia slightly larger than Texas

Zimbabwe slightly larger than Montana

This page was last updated on 18 December 2008

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@2024 Military service age and obligation (years of age)

Afghanistan 22 years of age; inductees are contracted into service for a 4-year term (2005)

Albania 19 years of age (2004)

Algeria 19-30 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (6 months basic training, 12 months civil projects) (2006)

Angola 17 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years plus time for training (2001)

Antigua and Barbuda 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Argentina 18-24 years of age for voluntary military service (18-21 requires parental permission); no conscription (2001)

Armenia 18-27 years of age for voluntary or compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2007)

Australia 17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription; women allowed to serve in Army combat units in non-combat support roles (2008)

Austria 18-35 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years of age for male or female voluntary service; service obligation 7 months of training, followed by an 8-year reserve obligation (2006)

Azerbaijan men between 18 and 35 are liable for military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; length of military service is 18 months and 12 months for university graduates (2006)

Bahamas, The 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2008)

Bahrain 17 years of age for voluntary military service; 15 years of age for NCOs, technicians, and cadets; no conscription (2008)

Bangladesh 16 years of age for voluntary military service; 17 years of age for officers (both with parental consent); conscription legally possible in emergency, but has never been implemented (2008)

Barbados 18 years of age for voluntary military service (younger requires parental consent); no conscription (2008)

Belarus 18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2005)

Belgium 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription suspended (2008)

Belize 18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient; conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1 (2008)

Benin 21 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; in practice, volunteers may be taken at the age of 18; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2006)

Bermuda 18-23 years of age; eligible men required to register for conscription as needed into the Bermuda Regiment, which is largely voluntary; term of service 39 months (2007)

Bhutan 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Bolivia 18 years of age for 12-month compulsory military service; when annual number of volunteers falls short of goal, compulsory recruitment is effected, including conscription of boys as young as 14; 15-19 years of age for voluntary premilitary service, provides exemption from further military service (2008)

Bosnia and Herzegovina 17 years of age for voluntary military service in the Federation and in the Republika Srpska; conscription abolished January 2006; 4-month service obligation (2006)

Botswana 18 is the apparent age of voluntary military service; the official qualifications for determining minimum age are unknown (2001)

Brazil 21-45 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 9 to 12 months; 17-45 years of age for voluntary service; an increasing percentage of the ranks are "long-service" volunteer professionals; women were allowed to serve in the armed forces beginning in early 1980s when the Brazilian Army became the first army in South America to accept women into career ranks; women serve in Navy and Air Force only in Women's Reserve Corps (2001)

Brunei 18 years of age (est.) for voluntary military service; non-Malays are ineligible to serve (2007)

Bulgaria 18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 9 months; as of May 2006, 67% of the Bulgarian Army comprised of professional soldiers; conscription ended as of 1 January 2008; Air and Air Defense Forces and Naval Forces became fully professional at the end of 2006 (2008)

Burkina Faso 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 20 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Burma 18 years of age for voluntary military service for both sexes; forced conscription of children, although officially prohibited, reportedly continues (2007)

Burundi 16 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; children as young as 10 years of age have been conscripted into the armed forces; the enrollment of children is still not prohibited (2007)

Cambodia conscription law of October 2006 requires all males between 18-30 to register for military service; 18-month service obligation (2006)

Cameroon 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; the government makes periodic calls for volunteers (2006)

Canada 17 years of age for male and female voluntary military service (with parental consent); 16 years of age for reserve and military college applicants; Canadian citizenship or permanent residence status required; maximum 34 years of age; service obligation 3-9 years (2008)

Cape Verde 18 years of age (est.) for selective compulsory military service; 14-month conscript service obligation (2006)

Central African Republic 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)

Chad 20 years of age for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18 years of age for volunteers; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a guardian; women are subject to 1 year of compulsory military or civic service at age of 21 (2004)

Chile 18-45 years of age for voluntary male and female military service, although the right to compulsory recruitment is retained; service obligation - 12 months for Army, 22 months for Navy and Air Force (2008)

China 18-22 years of age for selective compulsory military service, with 24-month service obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service (all officers are volunteers); 18-19 years of age for women high school graduates who meet requirements for specific military jobs (2007)

Colombia 18-24 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; service obligation - 18 months (2004)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the 18-45 years of age for military service

Congo, Republic of the 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women allowed to serve (2007)

Cote d'Ivoire 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2008)

Croatia 18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary service; 6-month conscript service obligation; full conversion to professional military service by 2010 (2006)

Cuba 17-28 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation; both sexes subject to military service (2006)

Cyprus Greek Cypriot National Guard (GCNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; females are not conscripted; age of military eligibility 17 to 50; length of normal service is 25 months with a minimum of 3 months (2006)

Czech Republic 18-28 years of age for voluntary and 19-28 for compulsory military service (2008)

Denmark 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service; women eligible to volunteer for military service (2004)

Djibouti 18 years of age for voluntary military service; 16-25 years of age for voluntary military training; no conscription (2008)

Dominican Republic 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Ecuador 20 years of age for selective conscript military service; 12-month service obligation (2008)

Egypt 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation 12-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation (2008)

El Salvador 18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16 years of age for voluntary service; service obligation - 8 months, but 11 months for officers and NCOs (2008)

Equatorial Guinea 18 years of age (est.) for compulsory military service (2008)

Eritrea 18-40 years of age for male and female voluntary and compulsory military service; 16-month conscript service obligation (2006)

Estonia compulsory military service for men between 19 and 28; conscription lasts 11 months for junior NCOs and reserve platoon leaders; reserve officers and designated specialists have a different conscript service obligation; Estonia has committed to retaining conscription for men up to 2010 and, unlike Latvia and Lithuania, has no plan to transition to a contract armed forces; 17 years of age for volunteers; reserve commitment up to the age of 60 (2006)

Ethiopia 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; theoretically, no compulsory military service, but the military can conduct call-ups when necessary and compliance is compulsory (2008)

Fiji 18 years of age for voluntary military service; reserve obligation to age 45 (2006)

Finland 18 years of age for male voluntary and compulsory national military and nonmilitary service; service obligation 6-12 months (2008)

France 17-40 years of age for male or female voluntary military service); no conscription; 12-month service obligation; women serve in noncombat military posts (2005)

Gabon 20 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2007)

Gambia, The 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Georgia 18 to 34 years of age for compulsory and voluntary active duty military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2005)

Germany 18 years of age (conscripts serve a 9-month tour of compulsory military service) (2004)

Ghana 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Greece 19-45 years of age for compulsory military service; during wartime the law allows for recruitment beginning January of the year of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 17 years of age for volunteers; conscript service obligation - 1 year for all services; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2008)

Guatemala all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50 are liable for military service; conscript service obligation varies from 12 to 24 months; women can serve as officers (2007)

Guinea 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)

Guinea-Bissau 18 years of age for selective compulsory military service (2006)

Guyana 18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Honduras 18 years of age for voluntary 2 to 3-year military service (2004)

Hungary 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in June 2004; 6-month service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 50 (2006)

India 16 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; women officers allowed in noncombat roles only (2008)

Indonesia 18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 45 (officers); Indonesian citizens only (2008)

Iran 19 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; 17 years of age for Law Enforcement Forces; 15 years of age for Basij Forces (Popular Mobilization Army); conscript military service obligation - 18 months; women exempt from military service (2008)

Iraq 18-49 years of age for voluntary military service (2008)

Ireland 17-25 years of age for male or female voluntary military service (17-27 years of age for the Naval Service); enlistees 16 years of age can be recruited for apprentice specialist positions; maximum obligation 12 years; 17-35 years of age for the Reserve Defense Forces; EU citizenship or 5-year residence in Ireland required (2008)

Israel 18 years of age for compulsory (Jews, Druzes) and voluntary (Christians, Muslims, Circassians) military service; both sexes are obligated to military service; conscript service obligation - 36 months for enlisted men, 21 months for enlisted women, 48 months for officers; reserve obligation to age 41-51 (men), 24 (women) (2008)

Italy 18-27 year of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished January 2005; women may serve in any military branch; 10-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 45 (Army and Air Force) or 39 (Navy) (2006)

Jamaica 18 years of age for voluntary military service; younger recruits may be conscripted with parental consent (2001)

Japan 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

Jordan 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription at age 18 was suspended in 1999, although all males under age 37 are required to register; women not subject to conscription, but can volunteer to serve in non-combat military positions (2004)

Kazakhstan 18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years; minimum age for volunteers NA (2004)

Kenya 18 years of age (est.) for voluntary service, with a 9-year obligation (2007)

Korea, North 17 years of age (2004)

Korea, South 20-30 years of age for compulsory military service, with middle school education required; conscript service obligation - 24-28 months, depending on the military branch involved (to be reduced to 18 months beginning 2016); 18-26 years of age for voluntary military service; women, in service since 1950, admitted to 7 service branches, including infantry, but excluded from artillery, armor, anti-air, and chaplaincy corps; some 4,000 women serve as commissioned and noncommissioned officers, approx. 2.3% of all officers (2008)

Kuwait 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; reserve obligation to age 40 with 1 month annual training; women have served in police forces since 1999 (2006)

Kyrgyzstan 18 years of age for compulsory military service (2001)

Laos 15 years of age for compulsory military service; minimum 18-month conscript service obligation (2006)

Latvia 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished January 2007; under current law, every citizen is entitled to serve in the armed forces for life (2006)

Lebanon 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2007)

Lesotho 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Liberia 16 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Libya 17 years of age (2004)

Lithuania 19-45 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for volunteers; 12-month conscript service obligation (2006)

Luxembourg 17-25 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; soldiers under 18 are not deployed into combat or with peacekeeping missions; no conscription; Luxembourg citizen or EU citizen with 3-year residence in Luxembourg (2008)

Macedonia 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Madagascar 18-25 years of age for male-only compulsory military service; 18-month conscript service obligation (either military or equivalent civil service); 20-30 years of age for National Gendarmerie recruits (35 years of age for those with military experience) (2008)

Malawi 18 years of age for voluntary military service; standard obligation is 2 years of active duty and 5 years of reserve service (2007)

Malaysia 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2005)

Maldives 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Mali 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2008)

Malta 17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Mauritania 18 years of age (est.); conscript service obligation - 2 years; majority of servicemen believed to be volunteers; service in Air Force and Navy is voluntary (2006)

Mexico 18 years of age for compulsory military service, conscript service obligation - 12 months; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary enlistment; conscripts serve only in the Army; Navy and Air Force service is all voluntary; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2007)

Moldova 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 12-month service obligation (2006)

Mongolia 18-25 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months in land or air defense forces or police; a small portion of Mongolian land forces (2.5 percent) is comprised of contract soldiers; women cannot be deployed overseas for military operations (2006)

Montenegro compulsory national military service abolished August 2006

Morocco 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)

Mozambique 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)

Namibia 18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Nepal 18 years of age for voluntary military service; 15 years of age for military training; no conscription (2008)

Netherlands 20 years of age for an all-volunteer force (2004)

Netherlands Antilles 16 years of age for National Guard recruitment; no conscription (2004)

New Zealand 17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18; no conscription (2008)

Nicaragua 17 years of age for voluntary military service; tour of duty 18-36 months (2008)

Niger 17-21 years of age for voluntary military service; 2-year service term; women may serve in health care (2008)

Nigeria 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Norway 18-44 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age in wartime; 17 years of age for male volunteers; 18 years of age for women; 12-month service obligation, in practice shortened to 8 to 9 months; although all males between ages of 18 and 44 are liable for service, in practice they are seldom called to duty after age 30; reserve obligation to age 35-60; 16 years of age for volunteers to the Home Guard, who serve 6-month duty tours (2006)

Oman 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Pakistan 16 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed for combat until age of 18; the Pakistani Air Force and Pakistani Navy have inducted their first female pilots and sailors (2006)

Papua New Guinea 16 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Paraguay 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months for Army, 24 months for Navy (2006)

Peru 18-30 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; no conscription (2008)

Philippines 18-25 years of age (officers 21-29) for compulsory and voluntary military service; applicants must be single male or female Philippine citizens (2007)

Poland 17 years of age for male compulsory military service after January 1st of the year of 18th birthday; 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscript service obligation shortened from 12 to 9 months in 2005; by 2008, plans call for at least 60% of military personnel to be volunteers; only soldiers who have completed their conscript service are allowed to volunteer for professional service; as of April 2004, women are only allowed to serve as officers and noncommissioned officers (2006)

Portugal 18 years of age for voluntary military service; compulsory military service ended in 2004; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1993, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties; reserve obligation to age 35 (2007)

Qatar 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Romania 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription officially ended October 2006; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service; subsequent voluntary service contracts are for successive 3-year terms until the age of 36 (2006)

Russia 18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; males are registered for the draft at 17 years of age; service obligation - 1 year; reserve obligation to age 50; as of July 2008, a draft military strategy called for the draft to continue up to the year 2030 (2008)

Rwanda 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

San Marino 16-55 for voluntary service in Voluntary Military Force (2006)

Sao Tome and Principe 18 years of age (est.) (2004)

Saudi Arabia 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2004)

Senegal 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)

Serbia 19-35 years of age for compulsory military service; under a state of war or impending war, conscription can begin at age 16; conscription is to be abolished in 2010; 9-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 60 for men and 50 for women (2007)

Seychelles 18 years of age for voluntary military service (younger with parental consent); no conscription (2008)

Sierra Leone 17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service (younger with parental consent); no conscription (2008)

Singapore 18-21 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 (enlisted) or age 50 (officers) (2008)

Slovakia 17-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2006; women are eligible to serve (2007)

Slovenia 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2007)

South Africa 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women have a long history of military service in noncombat roles dating back to World War I (2004)

Spain 20 years of age (2004)

Sri Lanka 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Sudan 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)

Suriname 18 years of age (est.); recruitment is voluntary, with personnel drawn almost exclusively from the Creole community (2007)

Swaziland 18-30 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Sweden 19 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation: 7-15 months (Navy), 8-12 months (Air Force); after completing initial service, soldiers have a reserve commitment until age 47 (2006)

Switzerland 19 years of age for male compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; the Swiss Constitution states that "every Swiss male is obliged to do military service"; every Swiss male has to serve at least 260 days in the armed forces; conscripts receive 18 weeks of mandatory training, followed by seven 3-week intermittent recalls for training during the next 10 years (2008)

Syria 18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 30 months (18 months in the Syrian Arab Navy); women are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve (2004)

Taiwan 19-35 years of age for male compulsory military service; service obligation 14 months (reducing to 1 year in 2009) year; women may enlist; women in Air Force service are restricted to noncombat roles; reserve obligation to age 30 (Army); the Ministry of Defense has announced plans to implement an incremental voluntary enlistment system beginning 2010, with 10% fewer conscripts each year thereafter, although nonvolunteers will still be required to perform alternative service or go through 3-4 months of military training (2008)

Tajikistan 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2007)

Tanzania 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Thailand 21 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; males are registered at 18 years of age; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)

Timor-Leste 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2008)

Togo 18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)

Tonga 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2008)

Trinidad and Tobago 18 years of age for voluntary military service (16 years of age with parental consent); no conscription (2008)

Tunisia 20 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)

Turkey 20 years of age (2004)

Turkmenistan 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2007)

Uganda 18-26 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military duty; 18-30 years of age for professionals; 9-year service obligation; the government has stated that recruitment below 18 years of age could occur with proper consent and that "no person under the apparent age of 13 years shall be enrolled in the armed forces"; Ugandan citizenship and secondary education required (2008)

Ukraine 18-25 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months for Army and Air Force, 24 months for Navy (2004)