VII. GENERAL PROVISIONS (part 3 of 3)
“The Sultan was opulent enough in the matter of pombe, if not in European goods, and so did his best to win our approval of his immense resources in that product. He took us into his brewery, a smaller inclosure that formed an annex to his resident kraal, and enjoyed immensely our astonishment at the vast size of the vats. These were earthenware jars, of bulbous shape, eight in number, and each capable of holding two hundred gallons or more of liquor. I had seen wine jars as large, though of different shape, in Persia, but never expected to find such giant pottery in a Chaga state.
“In brewing pombe the millet, or wimbi, is first pounded with stones to break the grain, then boiled in earthen kettles until it resembles thin cereal soup; the whole is then emptied into the big jars, covered with a cowhide and allowed to ferment. When dipped out for use the sediment is stirred up from the bottom, as also when dipped from smaller vessels to be passed around. Pombe in this condition is a solid tipple, which comes as near being both food and drink as anything of an intoxicating nature can be, and many an African chief all but lives on it. It has a pleasant twang to it, and the European soon comes to like it almost as well as the native boozer does. It goes to the head, too. A pint puts a white man in a joyous frame of mind and sets a negro, who effervesces easier than his white brother, to singing and whooping. The chiefs, however, are as a general thing animated pombe sponges, constantly soaked and with the gourd seldom out of reach.”
A HUNT ON THE ZAMBESI.
The accounts of all African travelers agree, that both vegetable and animal life in Africa is rankest and noblest on the banks of the Zambesi. Volumes might be written of thrilling adventures in this extensive region. “One night,” says a noted traveler, “while journeying up the Zambesi, and just as we had fixed our tents for a good night’s rest, a native came rushing in with the news that two lions had been seen in the vicinity. The men wanted to go out and look for them immediately, but I dissuaded them from encountering the dangers of a night hunt, and promised that I would accompany them on the morrow.
“Early next morning the men were astir and busy with their preparations for a grand hunt. We had dogs with us, and when all was ready, these were let loose. A guide led the way to where he had seen the lions on the previous evening, but long before we had gone so far, and while making our way up a ridge, a noise like muttering thunder reached our ears from the valley beyond the ridge. The guide stopped, listened for a moment, and then, half in fear and half in astonishment, gasped, “The lions!”
“He refused to pilot us further, but sought the nearest tree and took refuge amid its branches. The rest of the party pushed on, and on peering over the top of the ridge saw an immense lion lying in the edge of a jungle. Our dogs scented him and made a dash toward him. The beast arose with a bound, and rushed out into the open. This was too much for the dogs, and they beat a hasty retreat.
“In a moment more the lion was joined by his mate, and both were now in plain sight, both crouching and beating the ground with their tails, as if about to make an attack. I took a position a few steps in advance of our party, aimed deliberately from a kneeling posture, and sent a bullet into the side of the male lion just behind the foreleg. Being so close and so deliberate in my aim, and my weapon being of a superior kind, I expected to see the beast turn over in the agonies of death. But instead, he made two or three desperate bounds toward our party, and in his last leap, which was a dying spasm, fell directly on the body of Shumi, one of our native employes. The poor fellow was frightened almost to death, and shrieked as though the lion’s fangs and claws were actually rending his flesh. But in a moment we all saw that no harm was coming to Shumi, for the lion had simply made his last supreme effort, and had fallen in a quivering, helpless mass upon the object of his attack.
“We now turned our attention to the lioness. Two shots were fired at her, which sent her wounded and growling into the jungle. Our party formed a front, and marched cautiously toward the jungle, prepared to fire, at first sight of the game. Our precautions proved to be unnecessary, for we soon discovered the beast too far advanced in her dying throes to be capable of harm to us. Both shots had taken effect in mortal parts. We secured, that day, two of the handsomest lion’s skins I ever saw.”
OPENING A KRU-COAST MISSION.
“At Sas Town, Monday morning, April 11, 1887, we had a big palaver. It broke up abruptly in a storm of passion amid the thunder of stentorian voices——a half a hundred big men all talking at once and shouting ‘batyeo! batyeo!’——same as ‘suno! suno!’ in Hindustani——or in English, ‘listen! attention! attention!’ all shouting for a hearing and no listeners.
“So the king said, ‘We will go away, and when they cool down I will call them together again.’
“When we met again I re-stated our proposals to found a school for book-study and hard work with the hands of teachers and scholars, and to make mission for God palaver, according to the terms of our agreement, as stated in our written articles.
“They responded with great unanimity, ‘Yes, we want you to come and make school and mission, and when your carpenters come we help them to make house.’
“I suspected a reservation in their minds in regard to the no-pay condition, so I asked Nimly to re-state and explain, so they could not misunderstand our terms. He made a clear explanation and an eloquent speech in the Kru language——a commanding, fluent speaker is Nimly.
“The king replied, ‘Our people won’t work without pay.’
“‘That is right,’ I replied, ‘and we give them big pay. Instead of a few leaves of tobacco, which they would burn the first day, I give them missionaries, and make school and mission which will be of great value to you, to your children, grand-children, and on through all the generations of coming years. But if you are not willing to carry lumber and help us, you can wait a year till I come again and we will have another palaver.’
“They shouted unanimously, ‘No! no! we want school and mission now, and we will do all that you have said and written,’ So the kings and chiefs, by their mark, signed the articles of agreement.
“Their names were all hard, yet much easier to get on with than the men they represented. Only one of the long list of kings and chiefs came up to his contract, and he very kindly supplemented his labor by that of his wives. The mission house was built, and in 1889 contained twenty-five native worshipers.” WM. TAYLOR.
A DESPERATE SITUATION.
Henry Drummond, while pushing his way from Lake Nyassa toward Tanganyika, thus writes: “Buffalo fever still on me. Sallied forth early with Moolu, a large herd being reported at hand. We struck the trail after a few miles, but the buffaloes had moved away, passing up a deep valley to the north. I followed for a time, till the heat became too oppressive. Moolu with one other native, kept up the pursuit.
“They returned in a few hours announcing that they had dropped two bulls, but not being mortally wounded they had escaped. Late in the afternoon, two more of my men came rushing in, saying, that one of the wounded buffaloes had attacked their party and wounded two of them severely. They wanted assistance to bring them home.
“It seems that five of the men, on hearing Moolu’s report about the wounded buffaloes, and being tempted by the thought of fresh meat, had gone off without permission to try to secure the game. It was a foolhardy trick, as they had only spears with them, and a wounded buffalo bull is the most dangerous animal in Africa. It charges blindly at anything, and even after receiving its mortal wound has been known to kill its assailant.
“The would-be hunters soon overtook one of the creatures, a huge bull, lying in a hollow, and apparently wounded unto death. They walked unsuspectingly up to it, and when quite close the brute suddenly roused itself and dashed headlong toward them. They ran for their lives, but were quickly overtaken, and one of them was trampled in a twinkling beneath the feet of the enraged brute. A second man was caught up a few paces further on and was literally impaled on the animal’s horns.
“The first man was able to hobble into camp, but the second had to be carried in, more dead than alive. He had two frightful wounds, one through the shoulder, the other beneath the ribs. I dressed them, and set two natives to watch him through the night, lest he should bleed to death. When I came in, on my last visit before retiring, I found the nurses busy blowing on the wound. Their conception of pain was that it is due to evil spirits, and they were exorcising them by blowing. As they were doing no harm, I permitted them to indulge in their work through the night. The patient had a hard siege of it, but finally got well. He did not readily forget his adventure with the buffalo bull.”
STANLEY AND EMIN.
The London Spectator brings Henry M. Stanley and Emin Pasha into strong contrast in its discussion of the celebrated rescue. It chooses to regard the rescue as of greater psychological than of historic or scientific interest to the world, and says. “The revelation it affords is the radical difference in character between the two great African adventurers. For years past, Emin Pasha has seemed to be the greater of the two, a man who actually ruled, and in a degree civilized, great African provinces, who had by his character alone maintained his ascendency over a body of successful Mohammedan troops, and who had earned, if not the love, at least the respect and regard, of millions of black subjects. It now appears that some part of all this success must have been accidental. The trusted troops revolted on their first great opportunity——as, we must in justice remember, did also our own Sepoys——the obedient blacks proved equally obedient to the new Arab authority; and Emin himself stood revealed as a thoughtful man of science, patient and unfearing, but with little either of the energy or the decision which make the true man of action. It may be that in his long sojourn at Wadelai, surrounded by Egyptians and blacks, possibly taking native wives, for we hear of a young daughter named Ferida, and conforming to the ritual of an Asiatic faith, Emin may have become Africanized; but no change of conditions could deprive him of the power of recognizing men, had he originally possessed it. That he erred in his judgment of his agents is clear, for they mutinied against and imprisoned him; his hope that they would follow him to the coast, and thence to Egypt, turned out as baseless as the hope of many an old Sepoy officer that his ‘children’ at least would never mutiny; and to the last, one native officer, if Stanley’s account may be trusted, deluded the experienced Viceroy like a child.
“One suspects, though perhaps the suspicion may be unfair, that he owed much of his apparent success to his profession of Mohammedanism——which up to the very last induced his followers to draw a distinction between the Pasha, who was only led away, and Jephson and Casati, who are called wicked Christians, and suspected of designs against their own Egyptian soldiers——and of his reputation in Europe to his feeling for science and civilization, a cause which also produced the much too favorable estimate of the Emperor of Brazil. On the other hand, the more the true man of action is tried, the stronger he appears. Perhaps no man that ever lived had his energy and endurance more taxed than Henry M. Stanley, who for years on end has suffered all that any great African explorer has suffered, with the addition of heavy responsibility to and for others, and who through it all has steadily grown greater in himself as well as in the world’s eyes. Statesmen would now trust the lad from the Welsh workhouse with African kingdoms to govern, and the new sovereign companies, who claim such immense districts, will compete with each other for his aid. He has the qualities which make rulers, and it is in the end on these, and not on amiability and feeling for science, or even a perplexed devotion to doubtful duty, that statesmen must rely. We shall do nothing in Africa by passing and repassing through its endless forests. We must govern, organize, and above all train its people, before anything is accomplished; and for that work we need the service of men who, like Stanley, know that the one cure for savagery is discipline, and can enforce it to the end.”
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TRANSCRIBER’S AMENDMENTS
Transcriber’s Note:
Blank pages have been deleted.
Some illustrations have been moved. The order of entries in the list of illustrations has been corrected.
The publisher’s inadvertent omissions of important punctuation have been corrected.
The following list indicates any additional changes made. The page number represents that of the original publication and applies in this etext except for footnotes and illustrations since they may have been moved.
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11 rum in Africa; {palavaring}[palavering]; Emin Pasha at 14 FORDING THE {CHUCHIBI}[CUCHIBI] 364 14 BINKA CATTLE HERD {715}[515] 25 which the sun of civilization is, sooner {of}[or] later, 25 Europe has a need for African {acquition}[acquisition] and 26 which throw Europe in the {foregrond}[foreground]. 27 scientific and {philanthrophic}[philanthropic] enterprise 29 Great {Britian}[Britain] had possessed the Niger delta; 29 Ogowai, Muni, {Camaroom}[Camaroon], Oil, Niger, 38 The time consumed had been about five {mouths}[months] 52 rubber trees, tamarinds, {boabab}[baobab], bombax, 52 is a nabob after {}[the ]modern pattern 53 the sad expanse of {grossy}[grassy] plain, 56 was through the land of {}[the ]Nkuku, a trading people. 68 terrible fighters who {harrassed}[harassed] Stanley 69 Their bodies are cross-marked and {tatooed}[tattooed]. 74 They were averse to a journey up the{ the}[] Aruwimi, 74 described by {Scheinfurth}[Schweinfurth], 78 NIAM-NIAM {MINSTRAL}[MINSTREL]. 81 to show {consisent}[consistent] affection 81 which is the{ the}[] original of every native tongue 81 They always consult {augeries}[auguries] before going to war. 83 and the {maurauders}[marauders] had retreated 83 evidence that the {maurauders}[marauders] had managed 94 The {Mayuemas}[Manyuemas] are a fierce race; 94 This {gruesom}[gruesome] anecdote 99 imprisonment which {Stanly}[Stanley] had inflicted. 100 The natives were {peacable}[peaceable] and ready to trade, 102 and stopped off {}[at ]the town of that name, which 106 France, Great {Britian}[Britain], 107 Portugal on the {Alantic}[Atlantic] coast, 107 there are at present but few {ligitimate}[legitimate] traders 108 {Eurepean}[European] powers had been permitted to {sieze}[seize] 108 powers had been permitted to {sieze}[seize] all the coasts 108 geology, zoology, and {resourses}[resources], and many 108 formed under French auspices in { in}[] February 1887, 111 French, English, Portuguese, and {Belgium}[Belgian] capitalists 116 into public law, {while}[which] in its turn will remove many 120 and religious tolerations are expressly {guarteed}[guaranteed] 123 taxes to be {caclulated}[calculated] on the expenses 123 with any duties {fur}[for] harborage stoppages 125 {It}[If] the Consular agent considers 126 in accordance with the requirements {ments }[]of international 128 service of such {estabments}[establishments], shall be treated 130 expenses of construction, {maintainance}[maintenance] and 130 freedom of navigation {anunciated}[annunciated] in Articles 154 was reached and a plantain patch {bursts}[burst] into view 155 chiefs and Bonny were {callen}[called] to a council. 165 the {southermost}[southernmost] station in Emin’s boundaries. 168 the entire {equatoral}[equatorial] section of its European 176 arrival of Lieut. {Sairs}[Stairs], Selim, 178 objective being Zanzibar, on the {west}[east] coast of Africa. 187 The alphabet, if it was constructed in {Phenicia}[Phœnicia] 188 the Hebrew {ceremonical}[ceremonial] worship, 188 saved them from {absorbtion}[absorption] by the hardy tribes 206 his stone {sarcopagus}[sarcophagus] and its wooden cover, 207 red granite {sarcophugus}[sarcophagus] is there, 209 towering above the palm {treees}[trees]. 209 now in the Place de {}[la ]Concorde, Paris. 213 (1200 B.C. {}[to ]1133 B.C.) 248 But how {}[to ]make it? 249 He was left with a {compliment}[complement] of Baker’s small 257 if on {}[the ]Nile the first mariner tried his bark on water 267 resists the influences of {absorbtion}[absorption], evaporation 267 unhealthy spot can hardly {he}[be] imagined. 271 {menacled}[manacled] to their late enemies, are soon floating 275 is a small lake——Lake No.<Numeral omitted by publisher.> 286 and each house is fortified by a {stokade}[stockade]. 289 The beast does not give up {pursu}[pursuit] 289 to curse their goats or {whither}[wither] their flocks. 290 threatens to pour {lightening}[lightning], storm and rain 292 but a swarm of {babboons}[baboons] spy him 292 One of the {babboons}[baboons] was shot. 308 Before reaching the {northermost}[northernmost] point of the lake 310 language of the Uganda. “Mena<The word Mena is obscured.>” means 318 the Ten Commandments for daily {persual}[perusal] 325 contributes more water {then}[than] flows out of the lake 335 on the Chobe, or {Cuaudo}[Cuando] River, 338 are universally {acknowleged}[acknowledged]. 356 flinging them into the {the }[]river above the rapids. 359 beneath a giant baobab tree {reposes}[repose] 367 of Ujiji, the {rendevouz}[rendezvous] of all expeditions, 377 they practised {canibalism}[cannibalism], but could 372 <Caption has added words: TOP, LEFT, RIGHT, BOTTOM.> 401 Uledi, the {coxwain}[coxswain] of the “Lady Alice,” 403 By {Feburary}[February] 8, Rubanga, 408 natives, who {has}[had] picked him up 410 Uledi swam to him, {siezed}[seized] him, 412 Poor Safeni, {coxwain}[coxswain] of the “Lady Alice,” 414 Uledi the {coxwain}[coxswain], manned a lighter 416 and at length {tyranical}[tyrannical]. 417 where they are sorted, {seived}[sieved], and closely examined 431 one of the {principle}[principal] scenes 436 He trumpeted, staggered {foward}[forward], tripped 436 and there receiving {other}[another] two shots, 451 and the {Ethiopions}[Ethiopians] or Abyssinians 453 Bari of {Goudokoro}[Gondokoro] and the Waganda 466 palm-nut, rubber, {gum-opal}[gum-copal], orchilla, 466 crossing the {Epuator}[Equator] twice. 467 It is {densly}[densely] peopled and some of the 468 In many places it {constitues}[constitutes] the entire 468 is the {india}[India] rubber plant. 473 areas of the {maufacturing}[manufacturing] world. 475 classify them as an {indispensible}[indispensable] resource, 478 and {supplimenting}[supplementing] them with camels, 480 whose older right has been forfeited by {non-user}[non-use]. 483 strong {servicable}[serviceable] cotton cloth. 485 frequently sank to 64° {degrees }[]at night 500 set eyes on Lake {Baugweola}[Bangweola]. 500 weaving their {cotten}[cotton] or knitting 501 run clear even when {swoolen}[swollen]. 503 from Bangweola to {Casembe}[Cassembe] gave him 508 but often gets {disembowled}[disemboweled] in the attempt. 511 The {Manyuama}[Manyuema] on the left bank of the Lualaba, 525 the enterprising {merchantile}[mercantile] factor 525 to instil {}[in ]the dull mindless tribes the sacred germs 527 to the {wierd}[weird] adventures and sad fates of the school of 527 fair and {pernament}[permanent] participants, 528 {throughont}[throughout] the same extent, and Hamburg 530 now from the Nile, with its impenetrable {suds}[sudds], 531 {Moveover}[Moreover], it was one to which all could 534 the {the }[]graceful zebra occupied the foreground 536 surrounded by a comfortable {dwellings}[dwelling], 538 dreams of glory, wealth and {humantarian}[humanitarian] good. 539 liver shows a deadly {abcess}[abscess] 539 Then why did it not {effect}[affect] all alike? 543 sending them to a {sanatarium}[sanitarium] in the pine-woods 544 Yet there must be {engagment}[engagement] of body and mind, 547 such an article becomes an {indispensible}[indispensable] luxury 554 propagandist of a {a }[]faith, warrior for the sake 554 he had adaptation {superier}[superior] to that 555 commercial and {Christain}[Christian] England afterwards 562 the {Portugese}[Portuguese] have built a short railroad 565 and the church itself was well {equiped}[equipped] 565 Its {fomula}[formula] was calculated to impress 566 both church and state {contenanced}[countenanced] the crime 566 might have been easily {forseen}[foreseen]. 566 entire western and {on}[on a] great part of 568 the return of his dead {boby}[body] to Zanzibar, 571 felt the power of that {consecreted}[consecrated] life, 578 A band is forming in {Ayershire}[Ayrshire], Scotland, 579 {Mohammedianism}[Mohammedanism] and paganism of the negroes 584 singing hymns of {deliverence}[deliverance]. 593 directors of the {the }[]society were greatly perplexed, 595 COOMASSIE THE {CAPITOL}[CAPITAL] OF ASHANTI. 607 {Ferdando}[Fernando] Po is one of the most important islands 608 On the mainland opposite {Fenando}[Fernando] Po, 615 Mr. {Edgerley}[Edgerly] had told his tale, 631 The natives themselves {becomes}[become] in many cases messengers 633 They were {Revolutinary}[Revolutionary] patriots 635 he entered the {Brazillian}[Brazilian] country, 650 Robert {Shield}[Shields], a young missionary 655 writes that {}[the ]station has been nearly self-sustaining 661 leaving one {Kabindas}[Kabinda] with Dr. Summers 663 proceed with their big load to {Nhanguepeppo}[Nhanguepepo]. 663 many of whom {}[were ]from a distance of five 674 years of experience in {Massachusettes}[Massachusetts], 676 built for their {accomodation}[accommodation]. 677 much more rapidly and {acurately}[accurately] 678 almost as {dextrously}[dexterously] as I used to see 678 Some of them were greatly {interterested}[interested], 685 fitting up for school and chapel purposes {}[of ]the unfinished 686 bears from the {vernanda}[veranda] facing the street, 686 the brethren {perferring}[preferring] to do it themselves 692 We bought the {sight}[site] of the old capital, 715 {MOFFIT’S}[MOFFAT’S] COURAGE. 722 The {survivors}[survivor], Mr. Mackay, after being held 725 such of his own subjects {}[who ]opposed the missionaries 735 we reached a little {villiage}[village] in the forest 741 (Capt. {Coquilhart}[Coquilhat] says about twelve years old.) 741 crocodile seize his mother and drag her out {}[of ]the canoe. 750 new field for the {talant}[talent] and zeal of women. 762 pantomimic charges upon an {imaginery}[imaginary] enemy, 764 The {exhiliarating}[exhilarating] and ostentatious ceremony 769 (thirty to fifty cents) for one {foul}[fowl]. 784 But Great {Britian}[Britain] is not alone 788 Our delegation was {hostipably}[hospitably] entertained 789 narrow lanes of {dracoena}[dracæna] hedges 790 many {wonderous}[wondrous] things from Europe, 798 greater {psycological}[psychological] than of historic 800 devotion to doubtful duty, that statesmen {muss}[must] rely.
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