The Future of Self-Governing, Thriving Democracies

Front matter

Routledge Studies in Democratic Innovations

THE FUTURE OF SELF-GOVERNING, THRIVING DEMOCRACIES

DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS BY, WITH AND FOR THE PEOPLE

Introduction

PART A

1 Citizens decide on how they govern themselves 2 Citizens monitor continuous adaption

PART B

13 101 127 vi Contents

PART C

Thriving Democracies: Visionary setups for realizing self-governing

Conclusion: Thriving Democracies—our future

References Index

171 189

211 233

Figures

Continual adaption within Thriving Democracies

National Public Policy Conferences, Brazil

The East-Belgian Citizen Council

The setup of Participatory Budgeting, Porto Alegre, Brazil Practices and procedures— under the roof’ of representative democracy

Icelandic experiment of participatory constitution-making (2010-2013)

Components of democratic setups (schematic) Will-formation and decision-making with examples

of practices

Design of mini-publics

Ballot sheet of Multi-Issue Referendum (without votes) Ballot sheet of the Multi-Issue Referendum with votes Multi-Issue Referendum— second round of decision-making Example of linking mini-publics with different tasks Multilevel mini-publics

Order of legislative subjects

Procedure for decision-making on a constitution I (example) Procedure for decision-making on a constitution II (example) Procedure for decision-making on amendments I (example) Procedure for decision-making on amendments II (example) Procedure for participatory decision-making on salient issues (example)

Procedure for mixed decision-making on salient

issues (example)

Procedure for decision-making on non-salient issue (example) The legal rag rug—multilevel Thriving Democracies (exemplified)

58 129 131 133

137 145

183 184

Tables

4.1 Citizen competencies in representative vs. Thriving Democracies

5.1 Contributions of practices to self-governing (schematic)

6.1 Existing experiments connecting citizens’ will-formation and decision-making

82 117

Boxes

Will-formation in Thriving Democracies—tefining individual and collective preferences

Citizens, citizenship and political participation rights in Thriving Democracies

Representation in Thriving Democracies

Constitutions within Thriving Democracies

Legitimacy in Thriving Democracies

Political equality and inclusion in Thriving Democracies Accountability in Thriving Democracies

Practices in Thriving Democracies—the ‘nonhierarchical approach’

Referendums—comments on the terminology Mini-publics—strategies for recruitment

How to initiate and to organize Multi-Issue Referendums? Cursory overview on electoral systems

Randomly selected parliamentarian chamber: recruitment, salary, terms

Salient and non-salient issues in Thriving Democracies Excursus: Procedure for decision in state of emergency Specifications for direct democratic practices Specifications for practices of citizen deliberation