Enemies of All Humankind

Front matter

Fictions of imate Violence

It

Leg

PART II. RACE, SPACE, AND THE FORMATION OF THE HOSTIS HUMANI GENERIS CONSTELLATION 67 4 Piratae and Praedones: The Racialization of Hostis Humani Generis 69

5 John Locke, William Blackstone, and the Invader in the State of Nature 82

6 Hostis Humani Generis and the American Historical Novel: James Fenimore Cooper’s The Deerslayer 104

PART Ill. THE AMERICAN CIVILIZATION THESIS: INTERNALIZING THE OTHER 123

The Frontier Thesis as a Third Model of Civilization 127

The Democratic Frontiersman and the Totalitarian Leviathan 143 Free Agency and the Pure Woman Paradox 156

10 The Foundational Pirata in Richard Wright’s Native Son 167

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Part IV. “it Is Underneath Us”: The Planetary Zone In Between As An American Dilemma 183

11 The Institutional Frontier: A New Type of Criminal 188 12 Who Is Innocent? The Later Cold War Years 207

[x] Contents

13 Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist and the War on Terror 220

Abbreviations 245 Notes 247 Works Cited 259 Index 279

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This book began as a dissertation at the Graduate School of North American Studies (GSNAS) at the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies at the Freie Universitat Berlin. I would like to thank the faculty of the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies, as well as the staff of the GSNAS, for four wonderful and formative years.

Without the faith and support of my dissertation supervisor, Winfried Fluck, this book would not exist and I would not be a scholar. Ursula Lehmkuhl and Sabine Schilting provided invaluable insights and advice throughout the writing process. Donald E. Pease, Ingo Berensmeyer, Dieter Dörr, and Ulla Haselstein were invaluable conversation partners at crucial points of my argument’s formation.

James Arvanitakis, Joel Baer, Gina Caison, Martin Fredriksson, Sophia Frese, Garnet Kindervater, Daniel Lange, Wojciech Malecki, Klaus J. Milich, Ethan Zane Miller, Katharina Motyl, Janna Obadas, Greta Olson, Julia Piischel, Christoph Raetzsch, Wibke Schniedermann, Boris Vormann, Birte Wege, and the members of Carmen Birkle’s colloquium at the Philipps- Universitat Marburg also deserve special mention for their helpful comments and suggestions at various stages of this book. The International Graduate Centre for the Study of Culture at the Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen provided a great and supportive environment during the revision process.

My thanks go to Richard Pult, Amanda Dupuis, and Susan A. Abel of University Press of New England, to Jeanne Ferris for copyediting, to Madeleine LaRue for proofreading, to Connie Binder for indexing, and to Cathérine Ludwig-Ockenfels for her help with citations.

My husband, Matthias Schillings, has had my back during the entire writing process and provided me with coffee, love, and a home.

This work was generously funded by the Excellence Initiative of the German federal and state governments.

ENEMIES OF ALL HUMANKIND