The building code of the city of Seattle

Contents

Page

THE PLUMBING ORDINANCES. 191

APPENDIX .. 207

Index To Plumbing Ordinances.1. . ..243

BUILDING DEPARTMENT OFFICIALS

H. E. FOWLER ..... STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

\ CHARLES R. ALDRICH, Chairman BOARD OF APPEALS, < FRANK E. BOYLE

j JAMES STEPHEN, Secretary.

THzzs

ATTENTION Sc,

r n>7

This Handbook of Revised ButMing" Ordinances of the City of Seattle for the year 1917-18 is published in the interest of all

ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND CONTRACTORS f -

of the City and is ^distributed ^to tliem gratis. It depends entirely" tipon the^advertising that appears on its pages for its existence.

The firms who advertise in this editipn expect returns on their investments, and we have pre¬ pared a list of our advertisers which' may be found on pages directly following. It is our endeavor to allow only g#od, reliable firms to advertise in the Handbook, and we take this opportunity of asking ^he Architects, Engineers and Contractors to consider those whose an¬ nouncements appear in these pages, when in need of materials or ^Aen writing specifications. Thus lending your aid will^make it possible to maintain the high standard *>f the book prepared for your use.

We welcome any suggestions from useps of the Handbook which might tend to advance its aim. We have endeavored to index and cross index each section of the code matter and trust that this feature will prove especially serviceable to to those who arK .Obliged to refer to its pages.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ADVERTISERS

Page

Aero Alarm Co.Elliott 827 6

Agutter, J. J. & Co.Elliott 1638 10

Albion Mfg. Co.Elliott 5450 118

Archer Blower & Pipe Co.Sidney 95 16

Baisden, Jno. S., Inc.East 770 10

Brace & Hergert Mill Co.Main 345 118

Bratnober Lumber Co...West 41 9

Brower, Chas. R. & Co.Elliott 2049 15

Bryant Lumber Co...North 1 7

Buffalo Junk Co.Elliott 3863 52

Bolcom-Canal Lumber Co., .Queen Anne 2171 8

Balfour-Guthrie & Co.Elliott 1464 72

Central Sand & Gravel Co.Elliott 2270 172

City Lighting Department ..Main 6000 Insert

Clarke, H. M. Iron & Wire Works .Main 6374 172

Clyde Equipment Co., .,.Main 1235 15

Crowe, F. T. & Co.Main 1991 11

Croxon-Kirk Construction Co. 28

Curtis Bros.Capitol 1285 4

Dow, David ...East 11 12

Eckart Plumbing & Heating Co.Main 5682 13

Ehrlich-Harrison Co.Elliott 1236 Index

Electrical Engineering Co. Main 1438 38

Enterprise Brass Foundry .Main 6181 Index

Evans, R. T. & Co. Main 3108 17

Finlay & Robb, Inc.Main 3904 38

Galbraith, Bacon & Co.Main 7000 Cover

Gould Lumber Co.... Queen Anne 1411 8

Henrikson & Co., Inc.Elliott 3492 12

Hofius Steel & Equipment Co.Main 6747 Cover

Hunter, Sam Co., Inc. .Main 3348 82

Instantaneous Alarm Co.Main 234 6

Jenkins & Jones .Main 1447 4

Johns-Manville Co., H. W. Elliott 5740 14

Japanese-American Electric Co.Main 5499 Index

Kellogg, William W., Inc.,.Main 1922 13

King, D. H.Main 7308 13

Kitchen, J. Webb & Co.:...Main 860 28

Lake Union Shingle Co. North 2500 9

Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Co.Elliott 1812 14

Metcalf, D. J.Main 1764 18

Myers & Baird, Inc.Elliott 750 11

National India Rubber Co.Elliottl685 14

NePage McKenney Co.Main 1553 18

Newell Bissell Lumber Co., . Sidney 464 7

Northwestern Mutual Fire Ass’n.Elliott 827 Index

Northwestern Supply Co. .Main 3620 Cover

Nippon Plumbing & Electric Works .Elliott 2040 Index

Ogle Bros...North 36 172

Olson-Nicholson Co., Inc., .Elliott 1049 172

Olympic Foundry Co...Sidney 50 15

Olympic Portland Cement Co., Ltd. .Elliott 1464 72

Pacific Coast Steel Co.Main 380 70

Pacific Door & Mfg. Co. ...Sidney 410 118

Paraffine Paint Co.. Main 5093 9

Pearson Construction Co....,.Main 684 12

Pioneer Sand & Gravel Co. .Main 5508

Puget Mill Co......Elliott 182

Puget Sound Sheet Metal Works.Main 176

Page

Cover

Quist, A. W. Co.

Main 4497

Rainier Electric Co...:...Elliott 2829

Raecolith Flooring Co., The ...Main 7254

Republic Rubber Co.East 413

Rodgers, Chas. W. Co.....Main 3446

Rustad Heating & Plumbing Co...Main 5718

Schwager-Nettleton Mills .West 1100 9

Seattle Lighting Co. Main 6767 Cover

Seattle & Rainier Valley Ry Co. ...Rainier 8 80 38

Service Co., The . ..East 851 13

Shell Oil Co., of California .Elliott 116 5

Spinney, C. A. .. ..Beacon 1166 16

Star Sheet Metal Mfg. Co.Main 5851 Index

Sullivan Bros....Main 1128 28

Sunset Electric Co. East 826 13

Title Trust Co. .......Main 2560 110

Union Oil Co. of California .Main 1251 110

Van Stone & Lohman ....Elliott 1609 12

Washington Elevator Co.....Elliott 3813 110

Waterproof Paint Co. ..Elliott 4984 82

Western Cooperage Co...North 7 9

Western Hardware & Metal Co. __ Elliott 563 8?

Williams, C. H. E....'.'...Elliott 3057 IS

Young, A. M..Elliott 2194 72

CURTIS BROS.

HOUSE MOVERS

A Full Set of the Latest Improved Machinery for Raising and Moving Buildings, Boats, and Other Heavy Bodies

Before Letting Work in Our Line Be Sure to Consult l!s

1220 Roy ST.

Phone Capitol 1285 SEATTLE, WASH.

J. L. JENKINS

East 5732

JOHN KAUFFMAN

E. H. JONES Beacon 2557

JENKINS & JONES

General Contractors and Builders

Main 1447

317 Transportation Bldg.

SEATTLE, WASH.

SHELL PRODUCTS

AT

Shell Service Stations

World Famous and

SHELL MOTOR OIL,

A Splendid. Lubricant for Automobiles and Motor Trucks

Shell Service Station University Street at Fourth Avenue Seattle

Shell Company

OF CALIFORNIA

The Watchman that Never Sleeps

AERO

FIRE ALARM

“Feels” a fire as your finger feels a live coal; calls help on the premises; automatically sum¬ mons the fire department, and indicates the location of the fire—all in a matter of seconds.

The National Fire Alarm.

AERO ALARM CO.

Central Building. 26 Cortlandt St.

SEATTLE NEW YORK

The Instantaneous Alarm Co.

112 Columbia Street

The Gamewell Auxiliary Fire Alarm Service Central Station System of Nightwatch Supervision Burglar Alarms, Police Calls Fire Dispatch and Notification Service

“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. ’’

Telephone us for full information.

R. T. REID,

General Manager.

FRED. W. NEWELL

President & Treasurer

L. J. BISSELL

Secretary & Manager

Newell-Bissell Lumber Co.

Lumber Manufacturers

Phone Sidney 464

SEATTLE, WASH.

BRYANT LUMBER CO.

Cross Arms, Finish, Flooring, Timbers,

Molding, Doors.

RAIL & WATER SHIPMENT

Telephone 3201 Fremont Avenue

North 1 SEATTLE

Bolcom- Canal Lumber Co.

LUMBER

for Every Purpose

“Speed Gets ’Em” QueenAnne 2171

Puget Mill Company

Walker Building

Telephone

Queen Anne 1411

GOULD LUMBER CO.

Fir Lumber

Twelfth West & Salmon Bay SEATTLE

Schwager-Nettleton Mills

i( A Sliver or a Cargo”

Mill Construction Buildings Our Specialty

Offices, Cobb Bldg. Mills, West Waterway

Tel. Main 1057 Tel. West 1100

WESTERN COOPERAGE CO.

Manufacturers of

tanks, barrels, casks, kegs,

AND VENEER DRUMS

1341 Ewing Avenue

Phone North 7 SEATTLE, WASH.

BRATNOBER LUMBER COMPANY

Retail Dealers in

Lumber, Lath, Shingles, Sash, Doors, and Mill Work CEMENT, PLASTER, AND CHIMNEYS 4519 California Ave. H. D. WEEKS

Tel. West 41 Mgr

FRANK J. TAYLOR, Mgr. 935 Ewing St.

THE LAKE UNION SHINGLE CO.

Manufacturers of Shingles of All Grades OUR SPECIALTY:

19-Inch Bungalow Shingles

Phone North 2500

THE PARAFFINE PAINT COMPANY

W. L. Rhoades, Mgr, Seattle Branch Manufacturers of

Malthoid, Malthoid Jr., Cronolite, and P & B Ready- Roofing, P & B Paints, Building Papers and Felts.

Also sole manufacturers of

PABCOAT

the Stone Veneer, Applied with a Brush.

It takes the place of Paint.

933 Henry Bldg. Phone Main 593

Telephone Main 1991 1103 First Avenue

F. T. CROWE & CO.

Building Materials - Contractors’ Supplies

Wonder Concrete Mixers,

Vulcanite Expansion Joint, Clayburn Fire Brick, Roofings, Lime,

Cement, Paints, etc.

HOMER MYERS

HUGH BAIRD

Our Bid for Your Business

SATISFIED CUSTOMERS

Elliott 750 4th Ave. Sc James

HOMER MYERS AND HUGH BAIRD, Inc.

A. W. QUIST COMPANY

GENERAL CONTRACTORS

310 Hoge Bldg. SEATTLE

HENRIKSON .& CO., Inc.

Engineers and General Contractors

Office 230-2 Globe Bldg.

Phone Elliott 3492 SEATTLE, WASH.

R. C. VAN STONE CARL A. LOHMAN

Phone Q. A. 1618 Phone North 1614

VAN STONE & LOHMAN

BUILDING CONTRACTORS PHONE ELLIOTT 1609 314 Securities Bldg., Third and Stewart

SEATTLE, WASH.

Pearson Construction Co.

Building and Engineering Construction

NEW YORK BUILDING,

SEATTLE, WASH.

ALEXANDER PEARSON Main 684

Telephone East 11 Residence North 237

DAVID DOW

ARCHITECT AND BUILDER

21st and Spruce St. SEATTLE

MANTELS, FLOOR and WALL TILE, FIRE PLACE FITTINGS

WILLIAM W. KELLOGG, Inc.

1619 Third Ave. Phone Main 1922

Sunset Electric Company

Representing the following Companies in Lighting and Starting Equipment for Automobiles:

Gray & Davis, Bijur Motor Lighting Company, Remy Electric Company, North East Electric Company, Connecticut Telephone & Telegraph Company, Everready Guaranteed Storage Batteries

THE SERVICE CO.

Plumbing - Heating

1206 East Pike St. East 851

D. H. KING

PLUMBING, HEATING, VENTILATING

214 COLUMBIA ST. Main 7308

Latest and Largest Installation of Note :

New King County Court House

Eckart Plumbing &

Heating Company

Heating and Ventilating Engineers

1614 Third Avenue

Main 5682 SEATTLE, U.S.A.

W HEN You Use J-M Building Materials You Insure Satis¬ faction by J-M Service, and Protect Yourself by J-M Responsibility

J-M Asbestos Roofing and Siding J-M Waterproofing Materials J-M Pipe and Boiler Coverings f-M Insulating Felts and Papers J-M Cold Storage Insulation J-M Transite Asbostos Wood

J-M Asbestos Stucco J-M Mastic Flooring J-M Cold Water Paint J-M Lighting Systems J-M Cork Floor Tile J-M Acoustical Correction

Third Ave. & Stewart St.

Seattle, Wash.

Massachusetts Bonding and insurance Company

Home Office, Boston, Mass.

T. J. FALVEY, President

Bid, Proposal, or Performance Bonds for Contractors, Architects, or Builders

Fidelity, Public Office, and Court Bonds, of every description

PACIFIC NORTHWESTERN DEPARTMENT

FRED B. POTWIN, Resident Manager 1302-3-4 L. C. Smith Building BURWELL & MORFORD, Inc., City Agents Colman Building

National India Rubber Company

Insulated Wire Special Cables, Rubber Covered Weatherproof Submarine and Lead-Encased Lamp Cord Telephone Wire

Large Stock Always On Hand

524 First Avenue South

Phone Elliott 1685

Seattle

Chas. R. Brower & Co.

Manufacturers, Contractors, Dealers

ASBESTOS GOODS

Phone Elliott 2049

114 Virginia St. SEATTLE

OLYMPIC

FOUNDRY COMPANY

SEATTLE, WASH.

Clyde Equipment Ce.

formerly Contractors’ Equipment Co.

542 F^irst Avenue South

JULES F. ARCHER,

President

ALFRED C.ARCHER,

Secy. Treas.

Established 1900

Archer Blower & Pipe Co.

Engineers and Manufacturers

Slow Speed Blowers and Exhausters, Complete Dust Collecting Systems,

Air Cooled Burners, Stacks, and Conveyors

Office and Factory

Edmonds 5t. & 8th Ave.

All Work Guaranteed and Promptly Done

5o., Seattle

Estimates Furnished

C. A. SPINNEY

House Moving, Raising, & General Contracting

Residence

815 Poplar Place

Seattle, Wash.

Phone Beacon 1166

E. STROM

Hardwood Floors Laid, Scraped, and Finished

Old Floors Refinished

R. T. EVANS & CO.

ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS AND ENGINEERS

625 Northern Bank & Trust Bldg.

Main 3108 SEATTLE

Immediate Delivery

MOTORS COMPRESSORS

GENERAL MACHINERY We Rent and Repair

A. H. COX & CO., Inc.

SEATTLE Main 1121

PIONEER SAND & GRAVEL GO., Inc.

Washed and Screened Sand and Gravel in Any Quantity and Any Size

D. L. WILLIAMS, Sales Manager Office

907 Northern Bank Bldg.

North Bunkers, Foot Vine St.

South Bunkers, Foot Dearborn St. SEATTLE, WASH.

CHAS. W. RODGERS CO.

Contractors and Jobbers Tile — Terrazzo—Mosaic—Onyx — Marble Floors, Walls, Mantels

Office and Showroom:

209-210 Maritime Building Phone Main 3446 SEATTLE, WASH.

DOUGLAS J. METCALF

ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR

ELECTRIC WIRING

ALTERATIONS REPAIRS

Agents National Mazda Lamps Phone Main 1764 Supplies, Motors, Ranges 1018 Post St.

Rainier Electric Co Inc.

CONTRACTORS and SUPPLIES

418 Union Street

Phone Elliott 2829

SEATTLE

NePAGE, McKENNY CO.

Electrical Engineers and Contractors

BRANCH OFFICES—Seattle, Portland, Vanconver, B.C., San Francisco, Oakland, Great Falls, Mont.

Phone, Main 1553 Armour Building, Seattle

Telephone Elliott 3057

C. H. E. WILLIAMS & CO.

Electrical Engineers and Contractors SECURITIES BLDG.

Represented by

I. R. BARRY SEATTLE, WASH.

CITY OF SEATTLE

ORDINANCE No. 31578 (SUPERSEDING ORDINANCE 17240) Approved July 22nd, 1913.

(With Amendments and Rulings to August 1st, 1917.)

Part I. Administration

SECTION 101. The following provisions shall constitute the Building Code and may be cited as such. The Building Code pre¬ sumptively provides for all matters concerning, affecting or relating to the construction, equipment, alteration, repair or removal of buildings or structures in the City of Seattle.

SECTION 102. The Building Code is hereby declared to be remedial and is to be construed to secure the beneficial intents and purposes thereof.

The provisions of this Code shall apply with equal force to all buildings, both public and private.

SECTION 103. Nothing in the Building Code shall be con¬ strued as requiring that buildings heretofore constructed and equipped must be reconstructed, rearranged, altered, or otherwise equipped unless it be by ordinance specifically so provided.

SECTION 104. Nothing in the Building Code shall be con¬ strued as in anywise invalidating any permit, heretofore issued under the provisions of any former ordinance, for the erection, removal, alteration or repair of any building, but such building may be erected, removed, altered or repaired under such permit in ac¬ cordance with the provisions of such former ordinance.

Buildings partly constructed in accordance with permits ob¬ tained under former building laws, may be completed in accordance with such former laws if approved by the Superintendent of Buildings, whose decision in such case shall be subject to appeal to the Board of Appeals.

SECTION 105. Nothing in the Building Code shall be con¬ strued as in anywise affecting any act done or committed in violation of any former ordinance delating to the same subject as any of the provisions of this Code.

SECTION 106. Nothing in the Building Code shall be con strued as in anywise affecting any prosecution or proceedings now pending in any court for violations of the provisions of any former ordinance relating to the same subject as any of the provisions of this Code, but all proceedings or prosecutions now pending for such violations shall be conducted to final judgment or determina¬ tion in any court having jurisdiction as though said former ordi¬ nance were still in force.

SECTION 107. (As amended by Ordinance 56300). It shall be the duty of the Superintendent of Buildings to enforce the provisions of the Building Code, except such provisions as are ex¬ pressly placed under the administration of other officials by or¬ dinance or by the City Charter. He shall have charge of the issu¬ ing of building permits. He shall exercise general supervision over the constructing, equipping, altering, extending, repairing, re¬ moving and demolishing of all buildings; and over the maintain¬ ing of the structural features of all buildings. Unless otherwise herein explicitly provided, the Fire Marshal shall have jurisdiction over, and it shall be his duty to enforce the provisions of this ordinance insofar as they pertain to, the maintenance and use of all features of buildings and all equipment of buildings which have to do with the prevention, spread or extinguishing of fire or the safeguarding of life and property from fire.

SECTION 108. It shall be unlawful for any person to inter¬ fere with, prevent or seek to prevent the inspection of any build¬ ing at any time by the Superintendent of Buildings or his author¬ ized representatives; provided, however, that before entering oc¬ cupied private dwellings or apartments for the purpose of making an inspection, the consent of the occupant thereof shall first be secured or twenty-four hours' written notice of his intention so to enter and inspect shall be served upon such occupant by the Sup¬ erintendent of Buildings.

WORK MAY BE SUSPENDED, WHEN.

SECTION 109. (As amended by Ordinance 35566.). The Sup¬ erintendent of Buildings shall have authority and power to direct the immediate suspension of all or any portion of the work on any building in process of erection, removal, alteration, repair, or demolition, by attaching a notice to that effect on such premises whenever it be found by him that such work is being performed without a permit issued in due form, or that the drawings and specifications bearing the approval stamp of his office are not on the premises and available for examination by him or his repre¬ sentative, or that such suspension is necessary to the proper in¬ spection of work previously performed, or that such erection removal, alteration, repair, or demolition is being conducted in an unsafe manner, or with materials or methods not in compliance with the provisions of this code or the permit issued therefor; and it shall be unlawful for any person to continue to erect, remove, alter, repair or demolish any building after the Superintendent of Buildings has directed the immediate suspension of the work thereon, in the manner, and for the reasons in this section here¬ inbefore provided.

BUILDINGS MAY BE ORDERED VACANT OR DEMOLISHED.

SECTION 110. The Superintendent of Buildings is authorized and empowered to direct and require that any building or portion thereof be vacated, removed or demolished, by posting a notice to that effect conspicuously thereon or by notifying in writing the owner, lessee, or person in charge, whenever it be found by him that the following conditions or any of them exist:

(a) That such building has been erected, altered or repaired subsequent to the passage of this ordinance in a manner contrary to the provisions hereof or the permit issued hereunder.

(b) That the construction, arrangement or equipment of such building or portion thereof is contrary to the provisions of this Code for the purpose for which such building is used or occupied.

(c) That such building is unsafe to human life or to property from any cause whatever or in imminent danger of so becoming.

(d) That such building is not provided to the extent and in the manner required by ordinance with proper and sufficient means of egress in case of fire or of fire protective and fire extinguishing apparatus or of light and ventilation.

SECTION 111. The Superintendent of Buildings shall inspect, or cause to be inspected every building or other structure or any¬ thing attached to or connected therewith which he has reason to believe is unsafe or dangerous, and if he find it unsafe or danger¬ ous, he shall forthwith in writing notify the owner, agent of per¬ son in charge of the building to make secure or remove such un¬ safe attachment or structure, and shall affix in a conspicuous place upon the exterior of said building or structure a notice of its dangerous condition. The notice shall not be removed or defaced without the consent of the Superintendent of Buildings. The per¬ son so notified shall promptly make secure or remove said build¬ ing, structure, attachment or connection.

SECTION 112. If the public safety so requires, the Superin¬ tendent of Buildings, with the approval of the Mayor, may at once enter any building deemed unsafe, the land on which it stands, or the abutting land or buildings, with such assistance as he may require, and make the same safe, and may erect fences, bar¬ riers or such other devices for the protection of the public as may be necessary, and shall charge to the owner or his authorized agent such costs as may be incident to the work.

SECTION 113. Every day that any person shall continue to occupy premises after the issuance and posting of a notice by the Superintendent of Buildings directing their vacation shall be deem¬ ed a separate offense committed by the owner or his agent.

SECTION 114. It shall be unlawful for any person to remove mutilate, destroy or conceal any notice issued and posted by the Superintendent of Buildings pursuant to the provisions of this Code.

PERMITS NOT REQUIRED.

SECTION 115. Ordinary repairs of buildings in the Third and Fourth Building Districts may be made without procuring a permit or giving notice to the Superintendent of Buildings, providing nothing is done to impair the strength or structural parts, and no change is made in stairs, elevators, fire escapes or other means of ingress and egress or in the provisions for light, air, and ventila¬ tion. Such repair work shall conform to the requirements of this Code.

PERMITS REQUIRED.

SECTION 116. It shall be unlawful, except as provided in the preceding section, for any person to commence or proceed to erect, alter, raise, add to, remove or demolish any building or part thereof without obtaining and having a permit from the Superintendent of Buildings therefor or without conspicuously posting on the premises the permit placard furnished by the Superintendent of Buildings, or to fail or neglect to comply with the provisions of this Code and the permit issued hereunder.

SECTION 117. Prior to the issuance of any permit hereunder it shall be required that application be made therefor in writing on forms provided for that purpose by the Superintendent of Build¬ ings, which application shall be signed by the owner or lessee of the premises, or by an architect or other person authorized to repre¬ sent the owner or the lessee. Any person applying for a permit as agent for the owner or lessee may be required to produce evidence of his authority to do the work for which permit is desired.

SECTION 118. With every application for a permit there shall be filed in duplicate such blue-printed or otherwise printed drawings and printed or typewritten specifications as will fully and definitely describe the extent and nature of the work for which a permit is desired. An application accompanied by drawings which are, in the judgment of the Superintendent of Buildings, in¬ complete, indefinite, unintelligible or for work not in compliance with the provisions of this Code shall be rejected.

SECTION 119. In the case of minor repairs and alterations or small one-story frame buildings, or in case the information con¬ veyed by the written application is complete, the filing of draw¬ ings and specifications may be waived in the discretion of the Sup¬ erintendent of Buildings.

CORRECTION SHEET.

SECTION 120. ..It shall be the duty of the Superintendent of Buildings, if upon examination he shall find that the application, plans or specifications contemplate work not in accordance with this Code to indicate such deviations in writing on a “ correction sheet” and to return the drawing and specifications with “cor¬ rection sheet” to the applicant, and no permit shall issue until such drawings and specifications and the application have been corrected and approved.

SECTION 121. If upon examination it be found that an application and the drawings and specifications accompanying the same are in compliance with the provisions of this Code, the said drawings and specifications shall be stamped 11 approved” and so marked that they may be readily identified thereafter and one set placed on file in the office of the Superintendent of Buildings; the other set shall be returned to the applicant, together with a per¬ mit to proceed with the work contemplated and a permit placard.

LIFE OF PERMIT

SECTION 122. The permit issued hereunder shall be valid only for the number of days stated therein, and in no case for a longer period than one year. The Superintendent of Buildings shall be authorized and empowered to extend the time for which a permit is issued upon application being made for such extension before its expiration.

The Superintendent of Buildings is authorized to revoke any permit issued hereunder if it be found that the work permitted is being performed in violation of the terms of such permit or of the City Ordinances.

SECTION 123. It shall be unlawful to change the plans or specifications after the same have been stamped approved by the Department of Building and a permit has been issued, or to proceed with any work of building construction, alteration or repair in a manner not in accordance with the drawings and specifications as approved or the terms of the permit as issued without first ob¬ taining from the Superintendent of Buildings permission in writing to make such change.

If, however, during the progress of the execution of any building work under a permit issued by the Superintendent of Buildings, it is desired to deviate from the terms of the applica¬ tion or drawings in any manner not affecting the structural mem¬ bers, the means of egress, the provisions for light, air and ven¬ tilation, or other essentials of the building, and not in violation of the requirements of this Code, such deviations may at such time be made without notice to the Superintendent of Buildings. Re¬ vised plans or proper legible descriptions of such changes must be and remain attached to the approved plans at the building for the information of the Inspectors.

SECTION 124. The issuance of a permit or the approval of drawings and specifications shall in no case be construed or taken as an approval by the Department of Buildings of manifest errors or of violations of this Code if discovered in such plans or speci¬ fications at any subsequent time.

CHANGE OF OCCUPANCY OF BUILDINGS.

SECTION 125. (As amended by Ordinance 36300.) It shall be unlawful to change the nature or class of occupancy of any building or part thereof without there be first issued a permit therefor .iointly by the Superintendent of Buildings and the Fire Marshal.

It shall be the duty of the Superintendent of Buildings and the Fire Marshal prior to the issuance of any such permit to cause the premises to be inspected and withhold or refuse the insuance of said permit if it be found that the construction, arrangement, or equipment, of said premises is not in all respects in conformity with the requirements of this Code for buildings used and occupied as in the manner contemplated by the application for such permit. The Superintendent of Buildings and the Fire Marshal, shall, when so requested, issue in writing a statement of the changes of con¬ struction, arrangement or equipment required to be made as a condition precedent to the issuance of the permit.

BOABDS OF APPEALS.

SECTION 126. Any requirements necessary for the strength or stability of any structure or for the safety of the occupants thereof or of the public not specifically covered by ordinances in force, shall be determined by the Superintendent of Buildings, subject to appeal to the Board of Appeals in the manner herein provided.

SECTION 127. Any person having a direct interest in any ruling or decision of the Superintendent of Buildings may appeal therefrom to the Board of Appeals within thirty days after such ruling or decision by giving to the Secretary of the Board of Ap¬ peals notice in writing of his appeal, and mailing to the Super¬ intendent of Buildings a copy thereof, and by paying the fee hereinafter required. After notice given to such pa'rties as the Board shall order, a hearing shall be had, and the Board shall affirm, annul, or modify said action of the Superintendent of Build¬ ings. If the said action of the Superintendent of Buildings be affirmed, it shall have full force and effect. If said action of the Superintendent of Buildings be modified or annulled, he shall be governed in accordance with such decision.

Any person appealing from a decision of the Superintendent Of Buildings shall in every case be required to pay to the City Treasurer a fee of Ten Dollars at the time of giving notice of such appeal, said fee to be returned to said applicant in case the decision of the Board of Appeals sustains his contention.

All rulings and decisions of the Board of Appeals shall have the same force as the provisions of this Code, and it shall be the dfity of the Superintendent of Buildings to carry them into effect in the same manner as the provisions of this Code.

SECTION 128. The Board of Appeals shall have power to determine whether and to what extent the provisions of this Code fire applicable to specific cases which appear to them not to have been-contemplated by it, and in such cases shall construe the law to secure the beneficial purposes thereof, according to the true spirit and intent of the Code. The decision of the Board of Ap¬ peals in such cases together with their reasons therefor shall be filed in the office of the Superintendent of Buildings within ten days after the hearing. A certified copy shall be mailed to the appellant and a copy kept publicly posted in the office of the Superintendent of Buildings for thirty days thereafter.

SECTION 129. Materials and methods of construction equiv¬ alent to those required by the provisions of this Code may, with the written concurrence of the Board of Appeals, be permitted by the Superintendent of Buildings. Said written concurrence shail specify what is permitted. A record of the required and the equivalent method allowed shall be kept publicly posted in the office of the Superintent of Buildings.

SECTION 130. The Superintendent of Buildings, with the con¬ currence of the Board of Appeals, may issue necessary regulations governing the materials and methods of construction to be em¬ ployed for compliance with any of the provisions of this Code when such provisions are deemed not sufficiently detailed to secure the beneficial purpose intended to be accomplished.

Such regulations shall be posted as in the preceding section, and shall remain in force until rescinded or modified by the Board of Appeals or higher authority of competent jurisdiction.

SECTION 131. It shall be the duty of the Board of Appeals to submit to the Mayor on or before the first day of February in each year, a report giving a summary of all decisions of the Board, together with such recommendations for revisions of the law as may seem to them advisable. The Superintendent of Buildings shall cause the report to be printed as a separate document for public distribution.

DEFINITIONS.

(See Index for Other Definitions.)

SECTION 132. The following words and expressions wherever occurring in the Building Code are used in the sense defined in this section or as in the respective sections here indicated by number.

ALLEY: Any public thoroughfare 16 feet or less in width.

ABE A: A space below the surface of the ground adjacent to and outside of a building and used in connection therewith. BUILDING: Any structure built for the support, shelter or en¬ closure of persons, animals or chattels; and when separated by division walls without openings, each portion so separated shall be deemed a separate building.

CLUB HOUSE: A building used for the mutual entertainment, recreation and lodging of the members only <3f an organized club or society and their guests.