Indian territory : a pre commonwealth

Front matter

INDIAN TERRITORY A PrecommonwealtH

COPYRIGHT 1904

BY

Chapter I. History

Muskogees: Legendary. Creeks, Choctaws and Chiekasaws: Migration to Alabama, Tush-ka-lusa, James Oglethorpe (1733), 100 Years' War, Treaties with United States, Treaty of 1786, Treaty of 1830, Migration 1840-45. Cherokees: Antiquity of, Mound Builders, Migration Theory, DeSoto's Conflict (1540), Revolution Period, Allied with British, Territory East of Alleghanies, Civil War Times, Members Divided, Georgia Treaty of 1802, Migration 1809, Migration 1838, Western Cherokees, John Ross, Eastern Cherokees, Texas Cherokees.

Chapter II. Resources

A Grazing Country, Farmer's Soliloquy, The Homeseeker's Attraction, Soon After the Indian Removed, Opposition by Indians, Opposition by Government, As an Agricultural Country, For Farming, Corn, Wheat and Oats, Hay, Cotton, etc., Fruits and Vegetables, For Grazing. Different Nations: Chickasaw. Creek, Lands, Water, etc. Cherokee, Agricultural Resources. Seminole. Choctaw, Agricultural and Horticultural, Fruits, etc., Climate, Rainfall, Seasons, Spring, Winter, Summer, Minerals, Oil and Gas, Timber Lands.

Chapter III. The People

In General: Culture, Intelligence, Geographical Size. Five Civilized Tribes: Cherokees, Creeks, Seminoles, Choctaws, Chiekasaws. Other Reservations: Quapaws, Modocs, Peorias, Mixed Bloods, Whites, U. S. Negroes, Intermarriage, Freed-Man, Number, Negroes, Standing, Non- Citizen, Intruders, Numbers, Location, Court Citizens, Marriage Citizenship, Miscellaneous.

2!2 Contents

Chapter IV. Government

In General. Five Civilized Tribes : Cherokees, Creeks, Seminoles, Choctaws, Chickasaws. Tribal Government. Five Civilized Tribes: Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles. Federal Government, United States Federal Court, Muskogees, South McAlister, Vinita, Ardmore, Non-Citizens, Intruders, Quasi-Citizens.

Chapter V. Indian Government

Muskogees: Constitution, Different from Other Nations, Creek Code, Semi-Barbaric Code, Executive, Chief, Home of Kings, Home of Warriors, Term of Office, Salaries, Cabinet Officers, Judiciary Districts, Enforcement of Laws, Constitution of 1866. Choctaws: Under a Government of a King, Chiefs, "Iksa" Clans, District Chiefs, Legislature. Chickasaws: Constitution, Queen, King, Were Known by Names, Governor Cabinet, As Statesmen, As Citizens. Cherokee: Constitution, Principal Chief, Elected by Popular Vote, Judicial Powers, Judicial Districts, National Council, Senate, Expenditure.

Chapter VI. Schools— Churches

Schools: Native, Plants, Animals, Citizen Schools, Colleges, Seminaries, Free Schools, Non-Citizen Schools, Public Pay Schools, Private Schools. Churches in the Towns: Denominations, Missionary. In the Country : Attendance, Distance, Schools of the Creeks, Schools of the Cherokees, Attendance, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Seminoles, Tuition, Books, Board, Clothes, etc.

Chapter VII. Indian Religion

Green Corn Dance, Black Drink, Charmed Circle, Great Spirit, Superstition is Dying Out, Conchakaholo, Medicine Man, Christian Doctrine, Conjuring Doctor, Witchcraft, Pashof ah Dances, Missionaries, Worcestor, Buttler, etc.

Contents 23

Chapter VIII. Social Laws And Customs

Muskogees: Clan Marrying, Courtship of the Indian. Purification Among the Creek Women, Polygamy Among the Creeks. Choctaws Never Permitted to Marry Outside Their " Iksa," Different Stratas of Society, Isolated Places to Reside, Traits of Economy. Chickasaws: Marriage License. Cherokees: No Laws of Adultery, Proud and Disdainful.

Chapter IX. Taxes

Occupation Tax, Merchants, All, Cattle Tax, Different, None, Labor Tax, Farmer, Hired Hands.

Chapter X. Trade Or Wealth

Chaotic Conditions: In General, Larger Towns, Smaller Towns. Special: Securities, Mortgages, Stock. Agricultural: Grain, Cotton, Muskogee, Ardmore. Cattle: Ardmore, In General. Coal-Oil Districts: South McAlister. Coalgate, Oil Districts, etc. Lumber: Choctaw Districts — Yellow Pine, Cypress, etc. Cherokee District — Oak, etc., Cottonwood, etc=

Chapter XI. ', Its Industries

In Agriculture: Great Diversity of Crops, Fruit, Cereals, Vegetables, Grain, Cotton, etc. Favorable Seasons: Early Springs, Plenty of Rain, Lots of Sunshine. In Live Stock: Better Grades of, Durham, Polled Angus, Herefords, Smaller Herds and Better Care, By Small Farmer, Under Sheds, Better Feed. Hogs: Do Well, No Certain Locality. In the Cities: Manufacturing — Flour, Brick, Cotton, etc. Trading and Shipping in Timber: Section — Choctaw, Cherokee. In Mineral, Coal, etc.: South McAlister, Coalgate, etc. Asphalt, Lead and Other Minerals, Building Stone, Sand, Lime ? Marble,

24 Contents

Chapter XII. Its Future

History of Few Towns: Older Towns — Talequah, Fort Gibson, etc. Newer Towns — Checotah, Ada, Chickasaw, etc. Metropolis Towns, Muskogee, Ardmore, South McAlister. History of Farm Property; In the Past — By Lease, In Common. At Present — By Lease, Fee Simple, By Rent. In Future — Fee Simple, Rent and Lease. Mineral Sections: Southeast, Kind of Mineral, Coal, Lead and Zinc. In Timber: Choctaw, Yellow Pine, Cypress, White Oak, Hickory, Cottonwood, etc.

Chapter XIII. Towns

Name, Location and Population of Sixty of the Principal Territory Towns.

Chapter XIV. Commission To Five Civilized Tribes

Date Organized, of Whom Composed, Location of Offices, Quotation from Seventh Annual Report of the Commission.

Chapter XV

TREATIES AND UNITED STATES LAWS PERTAINING TO THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES.

The Creek Treaty: Definition, General Allotment of Lands, Townsites, Reservations, Municipal, Corporations, Claims, Rolls of Citizenship, Miscellaneous. The Seminole Agreement: Curtis Act, Embodying the Atoka Agreement, the Atoka Agreement, Allotment of Lands, Members Titles to Land, Railroads, Townsites, Orphan Lands.

Chapter XVI. Application Of Treaties And Laws To Each Nation

Creek Nation, Chickasaw and Choctaw Nations, Seminole Nation, Cherokee Nation.

Contents 25