The story of man's early progress

Contents

PAGE

xi

Part I. The World Before The Greeks R

II. Bronze-Age Men in Egypt . . . . .17

Land and People — Art, Industry, Character — And Other Lands.

J^II. Men of the Euphrates and Tigris .... 46

^ Land, People, and States — Society and Industry.

*^^V. The Persian Empire 65

>j V. Middle States — Phoenicians and Hebrews . . 74

Part II. The Greeks

VI. Aegean Civilization, 3500-1200 b.c 82

VII. The Coming of the Achaeans ..... 91

VIII. Greek Civilization in Homeric Days ... 95

IX. From the Trojan to the Persian War, 1000-500 b.c. 103 The Dorians — New Migrations — Revival of Industry and Art — The "People" Rule at Athens — Military Rule at Sparta.

X. A Little Geography and Review . ■ . . . 130

XI. The Persian Wars 135

XII. Athenian Leadership, 478-431 b.c. .... 152

XIII. First Period of Strife with Sparta, 461-445 b.c. . 159

XIV. The Athenian Empire in Peace (The Age of Pericles) 163 XV. Life in the Age of Pericles 184

XVI. The Peloponnesian War, 431-404 b.c. . . .195 XVII. From the Fall of Athens to the Fall of Hellas . 202 Spartan Supremacy — TReban Supremacy — Macedonian Conquest.

v

VI

CONTENTS

Part III. The Graeco-oriental World Chapter

XVIII

Alexander Joins East and West XIX. Story of the Hellenistic World, 323-220 b.c. XX. The Achaean League ......

XXI. Hellenistic Society (The Alexandrian Age) .

PAGE

212 218 223 229

Part IV. Rome

XXII. Land and People , 237

XXIII. Rome under the Kings 242

XXIV. The Early Republic — to 367 b.c. . . . 251

Expulsion of the Kings — Class Struggles — Plebeian Gains.

XXV. Rome Unites Italy, 367-266 b.c. . . .261

XXVI. United Italy under Roman Rule after 266 b.c. 265

Citizens — Subjects — Roads and Army.

XXVII. Government of the Roman Republic . . 273

XXVIII. Roman Society at its Best, 367-200 b.c. . . 277

XXIX. The Winning of the West, 264-146 b.c. . . 282 Rome and Carthage — The War for Sicily — The War for Spain.

XXX. The West from 201 to 146 b.c 296

Spain — The War for Africa.

XXXI. The Winning of the East, 201-143 b.c. . . 301

XXXII. Class Strife Again, 146-49 b.c 308

XXXIII. The Gracchi, 133-121 b.c 322

XXXIV. Marius and Sulla, 106-78 b.c 329

XXXV. PoMPEY AND Caesar, 78-49 b.c 336

Part V. The Roman Empire

XXXVI. Founding the Empire, 49-31 b.c. . . .343

Caesar's Five Years — From Julius to Octavius XXXVII. The Emperors of the First Two Centuries . 354 Augustus — Remaining Julian Caesars — Flavian Caesars — Antonine Caesars.

CONTENTS

VU

CHAPTER

XXXVIII.

XXXIX.

XL.

XLI.

XLII.

People and Government — Life and Work — Art and Learning — Defense and Revenue — Morals. The Third Century — "Barrack Emperors" .

The Fourth Century — "Partnershijp Emperors"

The Empire op the Fourth Century

The Christian Church — Daily Life — Decay.

PAGE

399 404

412 422

Part VI. Romano-teutonic Europe, 378-800 A.d

XLIII. Merging of Roman and Teuton . . . 432

The Teutons in Their Old Homes — Bursting of the Barriers — The Greek Empire.

XLIV. The State of Western Europe from 400 to

" The Dark Ages ' ' — Teutonic Law — Everyday Life — Monasteries — The Heritage of Europe. XLV. The Franks and the Papacy .... 451 The Franks to the Mohammedan Invasion — The Mohammedan Peril — Franks and Papacy Join Forces.

XLVI. The Empire op Charlemagne . . , .461

Part VII. The Feudal Age, 800-1300

XLVII. The New Barbarian Attack

XLVIII. Britain Becomes England .

XLIX. Feudalism, 800-1300

L. The Church in the Feudal Age

LI. England in the Feudal Age

LII. "The Continent" in the Feudal Age

LIII. The Crusades, 1100-1300 .

LIV. The Rise of Towns, 1100-1300 .

Vlll CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

LV.. Learning and Art in the Feudal Age . . 554

Schools — ■ Medieval Universities — The Schoolmen — Roger Bacon — ^ Literature and Art — Gothic Architecture.

Part VIII. From The Crusades To The Reformation, 1300-1520

LVI. England and France, 1300-1520 . . .565

Hundred Years' War — The Black Death — End of Serfdom in England — Consolidation of French Territory and Power — Wars of the Roses — New Monarchy of the Tudors in England.

LVII The Other European States, 1300-1520 . . 578

The Papacy — Holy Roman Empire — Spain — Scandanavia — Switzerland — Netherlands — The New Monarchic States and the Danger of a Universal Monarchy (Charles V).

LVIII. The Renaissance, 1300-1520 .... 593

Part IX. The Age Of The Reformation, 1520-1648

LIX. The Reformation upon the Continent . . 604

Lutheranism — ■ Calvinism — the Counter- Reformation.

LX. England and the Protestant Movement,

through Elizabeth's Reign .... 616

LXI. A Century of Religious Wars * . ... 627 Spain and the Netherlands — the Huguenots — The Thirty Years' War — The Invention of Scientific Method.