Retrospect of a military life, during the most eventful periods of the last war

Front matter

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Preface

As some prefatory observations have been made at the commencement of the following pages, it is unnecessary to trespass on the readers attention by lengthened remarks in this place; but before laying this little Work before the Public, the Author is desirous to thank those friends to whom the manuscript was submitted, for their kind advice and encouragement, and, in particular, the gentle¬ man who condescended to revise the proof-sheets as they issued from the press,—a task which the Author could not venture to undertake.

Journal writing is now common in the Army, even among private soldiers ; and in this, certainly, there can be nothing reprehensible. The soldier who devotes his hours of disengagement from military duties to the recording of his own actions or those of his regiment, along with whatever falls under his observation worthy of notice, is very unlikely to accompany such a practice with habits of intemperance and insubordination,—the two great perils to which the private soldier is exposed. Heavy, indeed, would be the self-reproach resulting from a consciousness of acting diametrically opposite to the rules which his own pen lays down as those of right and

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PREFACE.

duty. The composition of a diary assuredly places a strong guard on the conduct of any man of feeling or intelligence; and the very idea of such a task, pre¬ supposes the existence of these qualities to a greater or less extent. But in writing journals, soldiers require to he circumspect in regard to passing judgment on the actions they witness. In the following pages, the Au¬ thor has certainly taken upon himself to express some particular sentiments, which, though in accordance with good order and military discipline, and prompted by a sincere regard for the interests of the country, might have been improper for publication while the writer continued to serve. He is now a mere looker-on, and the obligation under which he lay to obey, not to judge, has ceased to exist. However, he is confident that he yet states nothing but what accords with the true and common sentiments of the Army, whose approval, as well as that of the intelligent Public, he therefore fondly hopes that his Work will obtain. If it only give, in the perusal, a tithe of the satisfaction it afforded in the writing, and if it meet with as much indulgence from the Public as the Author has ever met with from those under whom he served, he will have no small cause to be proud of its success.

Chapter I

Introductory Observations.—Tlie Author enlists in the Militia. —An early Friend, and a Village Schoolmistress.—Sets out to join the Regiment.—Aberdeen.—Selected for an Officer's Servant, but rejected.—Some Doubts entertained whether Ignorance may not be of more Advantage to a Private Sol¬ dier than Education.—Misbehaviour, and likely to get into a Scrape.—Necessity of rigid Discipline .

Chapter II

Route to Fort George.—Arrival and Remarks.—Satisfied with my Situation, and Cause of my being satisfied.—Route to Edinburgh.—Keith.—Defeat of a Band of Highland Plun¬ derers there.—Improvements in the neighbourhood of Keith. —Huntly .’..

Chapter III

Lawrencekirk. — Brechin. — Edinburgh. — Lodging-house. — Working Parties.—Prison Duty at Greenlaw, and Quarters at Pennycuick.—Cropping the Hair.—Berwick.—Holy Island. —The Author volunteers to the 42d Regiment .

Chapter IV

Anival at Inverness.—Appointments and Disappointments.— The Author sent on the Recruiting Service to Edinburgh, and gets married.—Recalled to Inverness, and ordered to join the first Battalion of the Regiment in Spain.—Some unpleasant

CONTENTS.

Occurrences on board.—Land at Passages.—Ranturca.— Lazzaca.—Drawing Rations.—St. Stephano.—Allesander.— Foraging Parties.—Joins the Regiment . 40

Chapter V

Preliminary Remarks concerning the Regiment.—The Com¬ manding-Officer, Adjutant, and Sergeant-Major.—Failure in serving out Provisions.—Obliging Quartermaster-Sergeant.— Accommodation in Camp.—View of the Country from the top of the Mountains.—Erect a Hut.—Obliging Disposition of the Men.—Mount Guard.—Drunkenness and Vain-boasting.—Advance, and witness a distant Engagement. ... 54

Chapter IX

Cross the Adour.—My Wife left behind, and in some Diffi¬ culty.—Likely to get into a Scrape.—Bad State of the Men’s

CONTENTS.

IX

PAGE

Clothing.—Avidity in stripping the Dead.—Cantonments.—

Camp near Ayre—St. Patrick’s Day_Cross the Garonne.

—The Soldiers cheat the Peasantry_Battle of Toulouse... 116

Chapter X

Remarks after Battle.—Narrow Escapes.—Lieut. Farquliarson

mortally wounded_The Sergeant-major killed.—Wighton.

—Captain Purves, 79th Regt Acts of personal Prowess.—

Mrs. Cunningham.—Lieutenant M‘Laren_Concluding Ob¬ servations on the Field_Accounts of Peace, and retrograde

Movement.—Disappointment.—Aueh.—Balls and Carousals.

—March to Bourdeaux.—The Author appointed to take charge of the regimental Stores at Narac, and proceeds by Water to Bourdeaux.—Thunder-storm.—Arrives at Bour¬ deaux.—Its resemblance to the New Town of Edinburgh.— Religious Procession_Embarks for Ireland . 133

CHAPTER XI. Sudden Death on beard.—Arrival at Cork.—March to Naas

—Overbearing Conduct of an Assistant Sergeant-major_

Leave Naas.—Arrive at Kilkenny.—Arrears paid off.—Pay- Sergeants’ Manner of dealing.—Troublesome Duty imposed upon the Author.—Likely to get into a Scrape_The As¬

sistant Sergeant-major reduced.—The Second Battalion joins.

_Back Pay to Prisoners of War.—The Author sent on De¬ tachment_State of the Country.—False Ideas entertained

regardingthe Irish.—Superstitious Notions of the Country Peo¬ ple The Monument.—Bad Barrack.—Obliging Priest and

Parson.—Leave Tulleroan_Suicide Embark for Ostend.. 154

Chapter XII

Arrival at Ostend, and Cause of our sudden Call to the Nether¬ lands_Twenty Women of the Regiment ordered to be sent

back.—Ghent.—The Women detained at Ostend arrive at Ghent and are sent back.—Observations with regard to the providing for Women when left at Home.—Brussels—Selling

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CONTENTS.

Blankets and Punishment.—Alarm at Brussels.—Grand Ball. —Prepare to leave Brussels.—March to Quatre Bras.—En¬ gagement_Giraud’s Account of the Action.—Observations.

Loss of the Regiment at Quatre Bras.—Bivouac.—Apostrophe

CHAPTER XIII. Morning Preparations. — Retire towards Waterloo_Punish¬

ment, and Observations on the Necessity of rigid Discipline. —The Enemy attack the Rear of the Army.—Unfavourable Weather.—The Army takes up its Position.—False Alarm. —Preparations for Battle.—Commencement of the Engage¬ ment, and Continuation.—Confusion and Panic on the Road to Brussels.—Conclusion of the Action.—Joy and Grief at Brussels.—Night Reflections after Battle.—Observations of Giraud regarding the Battle.—Concluding Observations.

CHAPTER XIY.

Advance after the Enemy_Destruction of Property and ma¬

rauding.—Thirst and want of Water.—Clichy Camp.—Break up Camp.—St. Germain.—Neufle Chateau.—March to Calais. —Obstinate Assistant Sergeant-major.—Observations regard¬ ing Sergeant-majors and Promotion from the Ranks.—Em¬ bark for England .

CHAPTER XY.

Passage to Ramsgate—March to Hythe, Chelmsford, and Sun¬ derland.— March to Edinburgh, and Reception there_

Concluding Observations .

CHAPTER XVI.

Glasgow.—Ireland.—Famine, Sickness, and Poverty.—Omagh. —McLennan.—Dundalk, and burning of Wildgoose Lodge .

CHAPTER XVII.

The Regiment sends a Detachment to Drogheda to suppress Rioting.—-Doubts regarding the evil of Party Feuds Death

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CONTENTS.

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PAGF,

of M‘Lennan.—The Detachment marches from Drogheda to Newry.—The Regiment is ordered to Dublin.—Differences

arising from Intemperance between the-and the 42d.

—Dublin Duty and Etiquette.—Breakfast Mess established in the Regiment.—The Benevolent Society.—March from Dublin to Kilkenny and Clonmel.—Improvements checked by religious Prejudice.—Love and Suicide. 276

CHAPTER XVIII.

Route from Clonmel, and Insurrectionary Movements in the County of Limerick.—Causes "of the Insurrectionary Move¬ ments_Secret Societies_Assassination of Major Going_

Means taken to suppress the Disturbance . 293

CHAPTER XIX.

Detachments sent out from Rathkeale.—An Informer.—Con¬ spiracy of Rockites to take the Barrack at Balingrand.—

False Alarm of Famine. 304

CHAPTER XX.

General Search for Arms Limprick.—March to Buttevant

Dublin.—Fermoy.—Embark for Gibraltar . 316

CHAPTER XXL

Arrival at Gibraltar.—Unfortunate Contractor_Trade and

Improvements.—Apathy of the Church of England in pro¬ moting the Extension of the Protestant Religion.—Natural Cavities and Petrifactions.—Influx of Water from the Atlan¬ tic to the Mediterranean. — Effects of easterly Winds_

Regimental Establishment for supplying the Barracks with Water ... 331

CHAPTER XXII.

An Epidemic breaks out in Gibraltar ; supposed Cause.—The Spaniards establish a Cordon.—The Troops ordered to enp, and Places of Public Worship and Courts of Justice

CONTENTS.

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dosed. — Progress of tlie Fever. — Casualties among the Troops during its Prevalence.—The Fever disappears, the Troops return to Barracks, and Inquiries made regarding the Cause of the Fever.—Population Table and Remarks.

CHAPTER XXIII.

Jews.—Police, Spanish Insurgents, Skirmish at Lena.—Priest-ridden State of Spain.—Bayside Village.—Improvements of Gibraltar.—Baron De Leliften’s Epitaph.—Consumption of Ardent Spirits .

CHAPTER XXIV.

Malta and its Harbours.—The Knights of Malta.—Supersti¬ tious Observances.—Religious Processions.—Begging Money for Masses for the Dead—The Pauper’s Burial.—The re¬ moval of the Madona de la Carmel, and Restoration_

Poverty and Beggars.—Venomous Reptiles.—Barrack Ser¬ vants.—The Peasant’s Homestead_Conclusion .

RETROSPECT

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A MILITARY LIFE.

Chapter I

Introductory Observations.—The Author enlists in the Militia.—An early Friend, and a Village Schoolmistress.—Sets out to join the Regiment.—Aberdeen.—Selected for an Officer's Servant, but rejected.—Some Doubts entertained whether Ignorance may not be of more Advantage to a Private Soldier than Education. —Misbehaviour, and likely to get into a Scrape.—Necessity of rigid Discipline.

The narratives of travellers frequently furnish materials for the pen of the historian, the biographer, and the no¬ velist ; and however humble the individual may be, who assumes the task of giving to the public his remarks on the passing events of his time, or the incidents that have come under his observation, he may yet be found to merit the commendation of being, at least in some degree, both interesting and useful.

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Since so many military memoirs have issued from the press during the last twenty-five years, it may be thought a rather presumptive undertaking on the part of a Soldier to usher another work of this kind into public notice. Yet amidst all the failures we daily witness in the book-makino- world, we still see fresh adventurers succeed to fill up the chasm occasioned by the unsuc¬ cessful speculations of their predecessors; and, although friendly hints may be given that this or that pursuit is overdone, the adventurers still pursue their course, and the usual results follow. Misfortune overwhelms the many, fortune favours the few, and the latter gives a stimulus to fresh adventure, while the former seldom serves as a warning to guard against the risk. That fortune has not favoured with wealth any of my grade of military journalists, I am aware, and the writers of this class have not been few; yet the records of some will be perused with interest, long after other wars, other enterprises, and other adventures enable other journalists to emulate, if not to excel them. With this prospect before me, I venture to incur the risk.

Stimulated more by a desire to merit the esteem of my friends, and the good opinion of all who wish to maintain strict discipline in the army, than to reap any substantial reward for the labour of my pen, I come for¬ ward to offer this my mite for the use of those who may be pleased to cater for the public information, and lay before them some incidents which may have escaped the observation of more distinguished writers. With respect to the merits of the performance, I must leave it to the discrimination of the reader, cither to censure my pre-

A MILITARY LIFE.

sumption, despise my folly, or allow both to pass off disregarded. If censure be awarded, and the work con¬ demned, I shall have this gratification,—however mortify¬ ing it may be to my feelings to he censured, I involve no one in the loss hut myself.

I shall not weary my reader by a reeitai of the uninte¬ resting occurrences of my boyish days, hut pass on to the period when I was about to hid farewell to my friends and native village.

It was in the winter of 1802 that the Militia were about to be enrolled, and as my inclination was bent upon the army, I considered this the time to offer my ser¬ vice, if it would he accepted; hut I dreaded much beingrejected, as I had been, on a former occasion, for the Lint', in consequence of my boyish appearance and low stature. I succeeded, however, on half tiptoe , to strike the gauge, and was sworn in, a happy little fellow. Happy indeed, for the inseparable companion of my youth, my earliest acquaintance and friend, had been enrolled that day for the same corps; and I should have been grievously dis¬ appointed at being separated from him.

I cannot say, however, that this happiness was altoge¬ ther unmixed with grief, particularly when I was about to take farewell of my poor widowed mother, whose heart was like to break at what, to say the least of it, she con¬ sidered a very foolish step of her son, and likely to lead to the ruin not only of his soul but of his body also. But, perhaps, few mothers feel otherwise than sorrowful at parting with their children, when about to enter upon a career so little in unison with the peaceful habits of a country or village life. Having blessed me in all the

n 2 sincerity of a mother s heart, she recommended me to my friend, as if he had been a sage of fourscore years.— Huntly, for that is the name by which I shall have occa¬ sion to mention my friend in the course of my narrative, promised to conform in all she solicited; and I must do him the justice to say, he never failed in that promise, so far as circumstances permitted.

Huntly was, like myself, the son of a poor widow, who, in order to gain an honest livelihood, on the death of her husband, took up a school for the education of children; and, if I mistake not, it was the only one in the village kept by a female, for the purpose of teaching girls to knit as well as read. She might, indeed, have been considered more as a nurse to the children than a useful teacher of the English language, for they were placed under her care at so early an age, that she had frequently to take one on her knee and point out to it the letters of the alphabet, before it could well pronounce the name. I have often observed her seated in this manner, explaining the forms of this and that letter, in order to draw from the child the name, but to no effect, for the infant had fallen asleep in her arms. Had a parent been present to observe her on occasions of this kind, it could not have failed to excite a very favourable opinion of the widow. How tenderly she raised up the sleeper, and with a threatening nod, directed towards some noisy urchins, softened every voice to a whisper, until she had placed her sleeping charge on her bed, where it reposed as if under the eye of its mother. Her manner of teaching was just that which was best adapted for curbing in children that passionate excitement which bad nurses too

A MILITARY LIFE.

frequently encourage in the infant mind. When any of the children chanced to stumble or fall, she would, instead of exciting its anger against the inanimate object that had occasioned the accident, in an instant soothe its sudden sorrow and its cries by assuring the infant that she would forgive it, at that time, for injuring the object which had been in its way; and thus, instead of exciting the child’s passion, she never failed in drawing forth its sympathy, and in convincing it that itself had been the offender.

The widow was certainly well respected in the village, and, though poor, I have heard her frequently boast, when advising bluntly, that she had been enabled to bring him up without incurring a debt that she was unable to discharge, save that which she owed to her Creator, and that she hoped he would always preserve the same spirit of uprightness and independence, and submit to every privation rather than forfeit the name of an honest man. Hopes had been frequently held out to her, that were she to conform to the established church, she might be recommended for a small salary, for she was a very useful woman in the place, but she preferred her own nonconforming principles to all the wealth that could be held out to induce her to abandon them. Yet, not¬ withstanding this rigidness, she would not suffer a child under her care to be instructed otherwise than agreeably to the doctrine of the national church. The Assembly’s Catechism was the first book put into the hands of a child ; the Proverbs of Solomon, the New Testament, and the Bible, w^ere the successive class-books in the widow’s infant school. The latter book limited the extent of

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Huntly’s education, with a little smattering of writing and the three first rules of arithmetic. With regard to grammar, he knew as little of it as I did myself, and that did not enable me to distinguish a noun from a verb , or an article from a preposition.

ITuntly’s father had left, at his death, a tenement of ground and a few dilapidated houses, together with about an acre of land contiguous: the annual rent and feu duty paid for the whole amounted only to a few shillings. This, with the infant school and her abstemious manner of living, enabled the widow to rear up her children in a decent respectable manner, if compared with some of those of the neighbourhood. She had placed Huntly with a weaver, who rented a shop under her own roof, to learn the weaving business; he was not satisfied with the choice made for him; and whether through a desire of seeing a little more of the world, or getting quit of a sedentary employment, it is needless to inquire; he emancipated himself from one service and bound himself to another.

It w r as in April 1803 that my friend and I, accom¬ panied by a number of young men, enrolled for the militia, and left our native village, proud of being con¬ sidered soldiers.

Having bidden farewell to our friends, we proceeded on our journey, which eventually has proved a long one, not yet finished, having been occasionally protracted by casual sojourns, and lengthened out by frequent demands on our service, the particulars of which I intend to place before my readers. In the mean time, I do not hold out to their expectation a tale of misery, of misfortune, of op-

A MILITARY LIFE.

pression, or of unmerited sufferings. Thank God, we yet serve, and are, comparatively speaking, happy, notwith¬ standing the lapse of so many years ; we have gradually advanced, never retrograded, and are possessed of a com¬ petent share of our provident savings (not the fruits of guilty plunderings, with which our hands w r ere never stained), to enable us, with our expected pension, to en¬ joy the comforts of civil life, when our military service is over.

We arrived at Aberdeen, received our billets, and the following day commenced our military avocations.

At that time trade was unusually brisk, and improve¬ ments were in progress in every direction round that city : extensive manufactories had been established, were now enlarging, and others were forming; new streets were opening in variotis directions; large handsome buildings were advancing on every side; a splendid house for the office of the Aberdeen Banking Company wns nearly finished, and a new bridge was in great forwardness over the Den burn. These, with the erection of a number of small cottages along the banks of the canal and avenues leading to the city, gave such an active appearance to the scene, that I have not witnessed the like since. Certainly, the prospect was considerably enhanced in my estimation, by its being then altogether new' to me. Yet, on the whole, there certainly was something more interesting about the city and its environs at that time than perhaps may be witnessed for centuries afterwards. In short, I thought Aberdeen the focus of the happiest circle in the world; all was stirring life, nothing but cheerful bustle and business, while the youth from the farthest bounds of the Highland districts were pouring in for the purpose of being trained to arms.

We had been only a few days in billet-quarters, when we were ordered to occupy the barracks. Here my pay-sergeant made choice of me to serve one of the officers. I was quite elated at being thus selected; however, my sergeant, to make sure of my abilities, gave me a pair of his own shoes to clean, as a trial ; this I finished so much in my own old country fashion, that he deemed me unfit for the situation.

I should not be doing justice, however, to that worthy non-commissioned officer, who is now in his grave, in neglecting to mention that he pointed out one of the men, who had seen some service, to show me how to clean my own shoes and appointments. For this mark of attention to me, I acknowledged myself obliged 1 6 the sergeant, as well as to the man who had been so good as condescend to do me this service. Perhaps there was something of unsoldierlike awkwardness, or silly simplicity, in the manner in which I expressed my thanks, that drew upon me the sarcastic sneer of a little old snuffy snivelling sol¬ dier, named David Duffus, who was standing rubbing his breastplate beside the sergeant. “ Ha!” he exclaimed, addressing himself to the man wdio had been instructin'! me; “ he’ll make an excellent soldier that; lie’s a fine smooth-faced, soft-tongued, simple, ignorant boy.” This remark was made more with the intention of showing off his knowledge of character, than out of any desire to hurt my pride; and I joined with the rest in the smile at my own simplicity and ignorance.

It may be a matter of doubt, whether learning or un -

A MILITARY LIFE.

lettered ignorance enables a private soldier the better to submit with cheerfulness to all the commands which duty and discipline exact. Learning, when ill-directed, be¬ comes a curse to him, for he is considered the stimulator of others to disobedience, by becoming an advocate in their cause; and when found in a fault, his knowledge adds to its weight, and magnifies it to a crime, in the military code; while in the ignorant defaulter, some re¬ deeming qualification will plead in palliation of the offence. Learning, unpromotcd, is frequently if not always grum¬ bling, and by this means prevents itself from meriting reward. The ignorant man remains contented because he knows himself incapable of performing the duties annexed to the higher ranks; he knows also that the door of pre¬ ferment is not entirely shut against him, if by his own exertions he strives to merit distinction. The knowledge of this is wisdom in the unlettered man; the lack of this knowledge is folly as well as ignorance in the man of education.

I do not know a more miserable being in the army than the self-sufficient arrogant man, who considers him¬ self “ all-wise” and u all-knowing.” He lectures to others concerning their ignorance and folly, while he himself becomes the dupe of those whom he considers less know¬ ing, yet who take the advantage of him, and leave him in the lurch, with his pretended wisdom for his consola¬ tion.

I have been led to make these observations, in conse¬ quence of the misadventures of the man who made the foregoing remark on myself. He had received a tolerably good education, and had in early life been an itinerant dancing-master. Dissatisfied with that way of life, he enlisted in a Fencible regiment stationed in Ireland, where he served some years. Having been discharged at the close of the war, he entered as a substitute to serve in the militia. He was considered a knowing one ; his taste for dancing led him to frequent jig-houses , when he should have been in his barrack; and, after repeated warnings, he was brought to the halberds; soon after which he deserted, and was not heard of afterwards.

I had gone through my facings very easily, and was, after a fortnight’s drill, honoured with a firelock. My pay-sergeant was the drill of the squad in which I was placed, and I was getting on, I thought, very fast, and was very proud of the sergeant’s praise. However, on one unlucky morning, my right-hand comrade sportingly whispered to me, as we brought our pieces to the level, at the word of command, “ Present’’ “ I ha’e Cocky Ross i’ my e’e.” “ Sheet him, then,” I whispered back. The

sergeant could not overhear us, being more than twenty paces off, and our intentions were perfectly harmless, as we had wooden drivers in our firelocks, and no ammuni¬ tion in our possession. But those senseless whispers excited laughter, to which I was very prone, and my comrades joined in the smirk. For this ill-timed laugh, five of us were committed to the guard-house, with a threat of having us tried by a court-martial; and at the time in question very little constituted a crime sufficient for that purpose: we got off, however, with two nights’ confinement; and from that day I never attempted to laugh or make sport in the ranks.

A regiment, on its being embodied, is generally sub-

A MILITARY LIFE.

rnitted to more rigid discipline than one of many years' standing; the materiel of which it is composed renders this absolutely necessary.

Here in our lower ranks are to be found men of sober, quiet, obedient dispositions; others, drunken, turbulent, disaffected, and disorderly, whom nothing but the strong arm of the law and coercive measures will keep in any degree of subordination, and prevent from domineering over their peaceable well-disposed comrades; and it is only the disaffected, the licentious, and ill-disposed, that consider the prompt enforcement of order and discipline, by coercive measures, dispensible or unnecessary in the army.

Philanthropists, who decry the lash, ought to consider in what manner the good men,—the deserving, exem¬ plary soldiers,—are to be protected; if no coercive mea¬ sures are to be resorted to on purpose to prevent ruthless ruffians from insulting with impunity the temperate, the well-inclined, and the orderly-disposed, the good must be left to the mercy of the worthless; and I am glad to say there are many good men in the ranks of the army.

In civil society, the mechanic, the labourer, yea even the pauper, can remove from his dwelling or place of abode, if he finds himself annoyed by a violent or troublesome neighbour; but the good soldier cannot re¬ move without this despicable demon of discord accom¬ panying him, and yet we must be told that the lash is not to be used. The good soldier thanks you not for such philanthropy; the incorrigible laughs at your humanity, despises your clemency, and meditates only how to gratify his naturally vicious propensities.

I trust the reader will not think T mean to insinuate that the ranks of the army are principally composed of such characters as I here point out as incorrigible. No! the incorrigible are few indeed, but the troublesome man has a wonderful dexterity in being present where he is not wanted, and absent where he should be present.

A MILITARY LIFE.

Chapter II

Route to Fort George.—Arrival and Remarks.—Satisfied with my Situation, and Cause of my being satisfied.—Route to Edinburgh. —Keith.—Defeat of a Band of Highland Plunderers there.—Im¬ provements in the neighbourhood of Keith.—Huntly.

It was not supposed, at the time of our enrolment, to be the intention of Government to keep the Militia regiments embodied beyond twenty-eight days annually; but during that short period, war was declared, or anticipated, and we remained, contrary to expectation, to follow a military life.

In the month of June, we were ordered to Fort-George, where we arrived after a very pleasant march by Old Meldrum, Turriff, Banff, Portsoy, Cullen, and Fochabers. In the neighbourhood of the last mentioned town is the princely residence of the Duke of Gordon. Here we were liberally entertained at the expense of his Grace, and free admission was given to view the gardens, woods, and walks around the wide domain of Gordon-Castle.

From Fochabers we proceeded by Elgin, Forres, and Nairn to the Fort.

Fort George is so remotely situated that few soldiers like to be quartered within its walls. There is no town of consequence nearer to it than Inverness, which is up¬ wards of thirteen miles distant ; and instead of bread being served out to the troops as at other stations, a cer-

c tain allowance of oatmeal' was issued. To our north country men, this substitute proved more acceptable than bread, as it enabled those who were inclined for a break¬ fast mess to have one in the manner to which they had been accustomed; to others it afforded sufficiency for cakes as well as a little surplus for sale, and a good price was re¬ ceived for such as we had to dispose of. We were served out with half a pound of beef or mutton per man, daily. This was a quarter of a pound less than military allowance; but if we did not get it, we did not pay for it; and we were all satisfied with the quantity, for it was fully suffi¬ cient. Indeed small allowances of provisions are always best, when we can purchase to our own satisfaction either with regard to quantity or quality. Why force upon us more than is barely necessary for subsistence, when we can get of our own choice to purchase ? The quarter-masters will not bear me out in this, but the soldiers will. The former will say, “ The men will get drunk if they get moneythe latter may with as much justice say, “ Gluttony is worse than drunkenness.”

The country, in approaching the Fort, is a bare, bleak, barren moor, with a few patches of ill cultivated ground, surrounding turf-built huts, which are in danoer of being cast over the sterile fields like so much manure, by the wintry tempests that sweep over that unsheltered wild. The Moray Firth washes three sides of the Fort, and on the other, the irreclaimable face of the country scarcely produces a blade of grass; furze bushes are thinly sprin¬ kled over the rough stony moor, for upwards of a mile, in the direction of the small village of Campbeltown; but even to that place, inconsiderable as it was, we were not

A MILITARY LIFE.