Pagan vs. Christian civilizations: national life and permanence dependent on reform in education. A plea for free universal industrial training on a self-supporting basis

Front matter

1.^ d. H'

MOTTO:

"More for Schools, and Less for War."

Contents

Frontispiece —

Ideal Plot for Summer Garden School

Introduction —

Part I

Pagan vs. Christian Civilizations —

National Growth or Decay Dependent on Educational Methods — The Old Pagans — Christ's Social Order — Renewal of

Pagan Ideals 19

Paganism Still Dominant —

Crosby's Philosophy — Military Vanity — Disbanding Army and

Navy 23

Froebel's Ideals and Philosophy —

Man a Creator — Hughes' Analysis — Varying Types of Play —

Froebel vs. Pestalozzi — A Seer of Collectivism 24

Froebel^s Plans for Small Schools —

Handicraft Pract'-'s — Nature Studies-^Study of Mechanics Not

a Waste of Time 28

Materials for Mechanical Study —

Evolution of the School Seat 31

Methods With Feeble Minded —

Learning From Touch — Stupid Colored Boy — Morals Improved by Mechanics 31

The Unfortunate Races —

The Law of Imitation — St. Paul's Theological Seminary . . 34 Teachers' Responsibility —

Violating Froebel's Philosophy — Conservatives of Conservatism 35 Examples and Precedents — Summer Garden Schools (Illustrated) —

Village Boy "Toughs" — Sabbath Lessons — Science Teaching —

Increased Price of Lots 2,1

6 CONTENTS.

SeLF-GoVERNMENT — PAGE.

Holland's Theory— Forward Movement 40

George Juniour Republic — . _

"Nothing Without Labor" — Truant Schools — A Teacher's Personal Example 40

Primary Industrial Schools —

Striking Effect of Industrial Lessons ........ 41

City, Suburban and Concentrated Country Schools —

Taking City Children to Suburbs — Slum Conditions . . . 42

Agricultural Training —

Prof. Hayes' Plans — Prof. Harvey's Report — Agricultural Schools in Europe — County Schools in Different States — Bellamy's Indictment, Lack of Science and System — The Old Feudalism — President Patterson's Ideal — Fifty Years of Agitation for the Common School — Effects of Agricultural Study — No Taint of a Labor Caste in Scientific Agriculture ... 43

Elevation of Races —

Purely Literary Schools a Failure — Hampton and Tuskegee — Aspiration and Ambition a Hopeful Indication .... 47 Drifting Into Tv\^o Classes —

Working to Merit Recognition vs. Demanding It — A Colored State or Republic — Prejudice Against Northern Supported

Schools — Colored Preachers 50

Teaching by Example —

Teachers Should Exemplify Pride in Skilled Labor .... 51 Prevention of Crime —

Enormous Cost of Crime — Six Hundred Millions — In the North,

Slums; in the South, Illiteracy 52

The Slow and Unprecocious —

Many Geniuses Lost to the World — A Higher Average of

Citizenship 53

Elevating Labor vs. Degrading Drudgery —

"To Work or, to Be Worked" — William Morris' Ideal — Shorter Hours — Religion of Democracy 54

Part II

Equipments vs. Endowments — . :

Seventy Millions for Higher Education of the Few — Need of More Democratic Education — Two Hundred Thousand Equipment Better Than a Million Endowment — Moral

CONTENTS. /

PAGE.

Stigma — Union of Culture and Skill — Smaller- Colleges Struggle for Lack of Income — Americanism to Conquer the World — Ideas Penetrate Deeper Than Shot — "Triumphant Democracy"— Every Child a Ftrll College Course 57

The Prophetic Spirit Yet Lives—

Men Simultaneonsly Whittling Models for Inventions— Col.

Daniels' Work — Essentials in a Scientific Civilization ... 61

Can Colleges Be Made Self-Supporting— - Chimerical but Only Incidental— "Literary Aristocracy"— "Entirely Practical"— Retail Prices vs. Labor Cost— Individual Examples— Enough Difficulties to Arouse Enthusiasm — Mental Concepts Precede Accomplishments— The Equipment- First Years vs. Later Years — Booker V/ashington's Doubts — His Work— Other Schools— The True System 62

Domestic Science and Service —

Perplexing Problem — The American Spirit— Home Making an Art— "Born to Serve"— Lower Caste Degrading— Spirit of Slavery — Lady of Aristocratic Endowments 72

Self-Support the Best Educational System—

The Creative Talent Best— Incentive to Best Efifort— Personal Adaptations — Formative Relations — Scientific Christian Democracy^— Beginning Life in School — Col. Parker's Ideal — Dr. Smith's Plea— Froebel's Philosophy— Spencer's Indictment of Misuse of School — The Main Purpose to Make Superior People 75

Hand Training Aids Mental. Development —

A Moral Advance— A Better Fitting for Professional Life- Educators With Mechanic Trades — The Early Common Schools— Preventing a "Labor Caste"— A Moral Taint— All Around Ability— Women's Needs— Creative Labor Man's Highest Attribute n

Essentials of an Educational System —

Complete Outfit for Production— Teachers With Pride in Handicraft Skill— Free to All 81

Summary —

Condensed Recapitulation • 82

Philistinia —

Pungent Paragraphs— Race of Pigmies— Pupils of Over Fifteen Self Supporting— John Ruskin's Words— Wm. Morris— Curriculum of Doing— Education Never Complete— Walls of Old- Time Colleges Crumbling . .......•••• 84

Appendix

Paper Before Minnesota Educational Association — Prelude by Editor Herbert —

Mental Gymnastics — Going Back to Three R's — "Dwarfing, Soul-benumbing, Body-enfeebling Process" — Time and Vitality Wasted — World Cannot Be Turned Backwards— Better Day Coming 87

Free System of Industrial Colleges — The, Hope of the Republic — Isaiah the Sociologist — Man More Precious Than Gold — No Morality Without Labor — A New Order of People — Any Truth-seeking Committee Can Be Satisfied — No Bread-and- Butter Question in School — Col. Parker's Ideal — Man's Endowment — Moses the First Labor Leader — Forty Years' Preparation as Farmer — Exemplar of Divine Human Life a Carpenter — -This Republic to Be Destroyed by Vandals From Within — Bishop Potter's Deduction — Mental Culture Valuable for Wealth Production — Schools Great Industrial Centers — Every County Have an Industrial College — A Higher Civilization Coming 89

Address of Col. Edward Daniels Before Nebraska Legislature —

Most Trades Crowded With Botches — Technical Ignorance

Assaults Life — Submit the Plans to the People — Sciences

That Relate to Life— Skilful Labor a Play — Love of Work

Natural — Returns a Thousand Fold 97

Text of Bills in Congress —

Endorsements of Eminent Men ........... 100

Plea for National League —

Action Only Waiting Organized Effort — Twice as Much Government Aid as for War — Teachers Who Wish to Distinguish Their Career 103

Will You Help?

Those Willing to Help the Movement 107

Advertisement —

Teachers Wanted for Industrial School South 108

ADDENDA.

CONTENTS.

"The Gospel of Labor" —

PAGE.

Civilization in Hayti —

Mistaken Idea of Facts in the Case — Wrong Methods of Education — No Knowledge of Industry

The Pitiful Phillipeno Farce —

Government Teachers Improperly Taught — Not Posted in First Steps in Civilization — Imparting False Pride

Contrast in Jamaica —

Freedmen Taught Principles of Agriculture — A Steady Progress — No Infamous Crimes

Anglo-Saxon Race Pride —

We Need Not Be Too Arrogant — Our Way Has Been a Slow and Cruel Way Upward — Not Too Good Yet — English Paganism — Our Own

The Great Oberlins Example —

Established an Agricultural School as First Step to Reform Robber People — Greatest Success in History

"The Law of Human Progress" —

Warring Classes and National Decay — Working Together for Common Good, Progress Swift and Sure — -The Teachings of the Nazarine in Economic Phrase

An Irrigation City —

Suggestions of Able Secretary of Irrigation League — Labor and Capital May Find Peace

The World Wide Folly^

All the Nations Squandering Effort on War, Enough to Make the People All Well Off

What Wasted Labor Could Do —

The Worst Waste-Labor Power — Chicago Built by Surplus Labor — The Fair City

ADDENDA — Index Continued.

The Army of Discharged Labor —

Cut Off From Any Chance to Earn an Honest Living — Desperate and Dangerous — Could Build Several Cities Like Chicago — Army of Destruction 8

The Remedy for Child Slavery —

No State Can Afford to Destroy Its Children lo

Nervous Americans —

Appalling Increase in Nervous .Diseases — President Roosevelt — Schools Should Strengthen Nevrous Children . . . ii

An Insane Civilization —

Abnormal Development an Equivalent to Insanity .... 12

Mrs. Lew Wallace's Indictment —

Severe Reflections on Our Educators — Must Not Be Pushed

Aside — Charge Reaffirmed — Great School at Haubinda . . 13

Teacher's Responsibility —

The Sweeping Charge of Mrs. Lew Wallace — Educators Guilty — This Nation Too Precious to be Injured by Wrong Methods of Education 13

Normal Schools —

Superintendent Washburn Home — Teachers Cannot Change

System — Too Conservative 14

Teachers Prematurely Break Down —

Fault of the System— Will N. E. A. Meet the Issue? ... 15

People Must Make the Change —

All Reforms Must Come Up from the People 15

Initiating Self-Supporting Schools —

How Can It Be Done? — Differing Ways — Dr. Trigg's Suggestion — Great Many Who Want the Chance 16

Primary Industrial Lessons in Every School —

Make the Determination First 18

"More for Schools and Less for War" —

War Spirit Sign of Decadent Morals — All Battleships Can Easily Be Destroyed — Better Educate the People — Every Child an All-Round Training iq