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Century Book of Health

THE MAINTENANCE OF HEALTH PREVENTION AND CURE OF DIS- EASE ■ MOTHERHOOD ■ CARE FEEDING AND DISEASES OF CHILDREN • MODERN HOME NURSING • ACCIDENTS AND EMER- GENCIES-INJURIOUS HABITS A COMPLETE PRACTICAL GUIDE

BASED UPON THE LATEST MEDICAL PRACTICE

Introduction

By JOHN H. McCORMICK, M.D.

The study of medicine, not as an accomplishment, but as a subject of the first importance to the individual, should be taken up by every one. The care of our bodies is our first duty to ourselves. " Self-preservation is the first law of Nature." In obedience to that law all should learn from undoubted authorities how to preserve a healthful condition of body, to ward off disease, to care for and to feed the sick, as well as to render aid to the injured in emergencies. The need of this study is all the more emphasized by the statement upon the highest medical authority that nearly all of our ailments are produced and propagated by either our own ignorance or our own carelessness.

At no period of the world's history have the people been so well qualified to take up the study of health as they are now. Physiology and other science subjects, taken up of late years in the schools of the country, have given a solid foundation upon which a sound knowledge of the human body and its needs may rest. This fact and the wonderful advances in medical science require that the subject be approached in a very different way from that which satisfied our immediate ancestors. Ten years have made a wonderful change in our knowledge of health and disease. Treatises that were excellent in their day now fail to meet the new conditions in so many respects that new and revised editions no longer satisfy.

The study of medicine is not limited, as so many think, to the healing of the sick. It is a many-sided science; in fact, it levies tribute upon all sciences, and, like the honeybee, takes what it needs from all of the flowers in the garden of knowledge. One of its most important aspects is the prevention of disease, which every one can practise to his own and his family's great welfare. This means much more than to io INTRODUCTION.

merely abide by the laws and regulations of boards of health and city ordinances.

A parent who can train the sons and daughters of the family to right habits of life and the practice of daily personal hygiene, confers upon them the inestimable blessing of a magnificent start in life. When by these means the predisposing causes of disease are removed, or at least modified, the children are passed safely through the numerous evils incident to childhood and youth.

The mother who performs the highest act of life — the conferring of life itself upon her child — needs much more than mere maternal instinct to guide her in the rearing of her child. However much we may be tempted to admire that unerring quality in the lower animals, we know that safe rules and guides are necessary to secure to a child its first right of being well born and, second, of being properly developed.

Mothers cannot "know too much. They go forward into an undiscovered country, and may at any moment meet with strange conditions of health and disease with which they are compelled to deal, and the most loving and conscientious mother must pay the same penalty for her ignorance that others pay for willful neglect.

In seasons of epidemic or of ordinary exposure to contagious disease, every one should know the proper preventive measures to be taken to ward off an attack. Sitting in quiet ignorance on such occasions is more than an error ; it is a crime. For not only is the individual himself likely to suffer, but he is a means of passing the disease along and of communicating it to others.

Only those whose knowledge of nursing and of cooking for the sick qualifies them to minister to the comfort of their loved ones when they are ill, know the joy of efficient personal attention and the flood of sympathetic care which often works magic in the cure of a disease. What a sense of disappointment and loss of self-confidence is felt when on such occasions we realize our ignorance of the right thing to be

"These hard, well-meaning hands we thrust Among the heartstrings of a friend."

And yet how comparatively easy this knowledge is of acquisition and

INTRODUCTION. II

what a power for good it makes of its possessor. How we are forced to admire the calm, direct effort of the one who knows just what to do in emergencies and accidents; while the ignorance of helpful measures causes panic and helpless confusion in others. "Knowledge is power" undoubtedly on such occasions, and very often it has been the power of saving life when out of reach of a doctor's aid.

Why do not people generally know as much about these things as they do about some others? Why do they not know more about medicine than they do? Ignorance of the subject not only exposes them to the ravages of disease; and deprives them of the joy of caring for their loved ones when ill ; but, worst of all, it exposes them to the cruelty and robbery of the quack and charlatan, because they have not the power of knowing the impostor and incompetent from the trustworthy and skilled.

The medical fraternity are not to be expected to teach people this knowledge. Theirs is a profession and one of hard work. They have not the time to give such instruction to their patrons, and it is not to be expected from them. It must be derived from other sources.

The labor attached to the gathering together of matter from so many sources; of subjecting it to modern criticism; of arranging to the best advantage what would prove most helpful, — has been a task of no slight magnitude. That, however, has been forgotten when it is remembered that we have the honor of presenting a work that is at once reliable in its recommendations, trustworthy in its advice, and clear and plain in its instructions and explanations.

There are many new features incorporated in this work which we feel are of especial value. Not the least of these is the Materia Medica, where the drugs and medicines alluded to in the body of the work are explained as to their origin, effects, and doses. It has been insisted upon on the ground that the reader of this book is an intelligent person, and should know exactly what is being done when medicine is given.

The copious topical index, and the emergency index for consultation in accidents and sudden illness, have been prepared with especial regard for quick reference.

We have no apology to make for the explanation of the treatment

12 INTRODUCTION.

of disease by the homeopathic methods, nor by the methods of the older school. Nor have we any to make to either of these schools for the explanation of the principles of osteopathy and other special systems. Our aim has been to give to the reader an intelligent idea of what all are doing, with a view to the treatment of disease and the alleviation of the sufferings of mankind.

The work is mainly educative. For both general reading and study, the subjects of the book have been arranged in the order in which each should be taken up. The study proceeds from the known to the unknown in the order in which it will prove most helpful to those who take it up. There are some chapters which are to be carefully studied in detail for the information which will be of service in emergency and illness. The work is not alone for consultation in times of distress and danger. It is for reading and study by all of the members of the family in health that they may wisely avoid the errors of daily life; and in cases of illness, that each may contribute something, according to his ability, to relieve the suffering.

Table Of Contents

Page

Introduction 20

Book I. The Maintenance Of Good Health

Personal Hygiene 25

Hygiene and General Care of the Digestive Apparatus, 26 — Food, 26 — Selection of Food, 27 — Rapid Eating, 27 — Irregular Meals, 27 — Moderation in Eating, 28 — Overeating, 28 — Deficiency of Food, 29 — Classification of Food, 29 — Nitrogenous Food, 29 — Fats, 30 — Carbonaceous Foods, 30 — Mineral Matter, 30 — General Principles of Diet, 30 — Milk an Ideal Food for Children, 31— Need of Well Balanced Diet, 31— Value of Foods, 32— Table of Food Values, 32 — Digestibility of Food, 32 — Table of Digestibility of Food, 33 — Arranging a Diet, 34 — Diet Governed by Climate, 34 — Diet Governed by Age, 35 — Diet Governed by Occupation, 35 — Change of Conditions, 35 — Pure Food, 36 — How to Detect Impure Food, 36 — Unripe Fruit, 40 — Constitution and Temperament, 40 — Good Cooking, 41 — Abstinence, 41 — ■ Concentrated Foods, 41 — Daily Ration in Health, 42 — The Water We Drink and Its Effects, 42 — Impurities of Drinking Water, 43 — Effects of Impurities in Water, 44 — Tests for Drinking Water, 44 — To Purify Water, 45 — Mastication and Insalivation, 46 — Care of the Teeth, 47 — Structure of Teeth, 48 — Causes of Decay, 49 — Cleaning the Teeth, 49 — Dead Teeth, 50^ Filling Teeth, 50.

Care of the Skin, Complexion, Hair, and Nails 50

The Skin and Its Functions, 50— Baths and Bathing, 51— Cold Bath, 51— Warm Bath, 52— Sea Bathing, 52— Turkish Bath, 53— Hot Bath, 53— Shower Bath, 53 — How to Make a Homemade Shower Bath, 53 — Bath Thermometer, 54 — Russian Bath, 55 — Sponge Bath, 55 — Bath Room Accessories, 55 — Soap, 56 — Face Cloths, 56 — Flesh Brush, 56 — Face Brush, 56.

The Complexion, 56 — Cream for Pimples, 57 — Summer Rash, 57 — Freckles, 57 — Permanent Freckles, 58 — Chapping, 58 — Tan and Sunburn, 59 — Blackheads, 59— Wrinkles, 60— Warts, 61.

Clothing, 61 — Tight Neckwear, 64 — Hardening Children, 64 — Too Much Clothing, 65 — Exercise and Food, 65 — Tight Waist Clothing, 65.

Care of the Hair, 65 — Color of the Hair, 66 — Cleanliness, 66 — Dandruff, 67 — Ventilation of the Hair, 68 — Friction and Massage of the Scalp, 69 — Itching of the Scalp, 70— Falling Hair, 70— Gray Hair, 72— Bleaching the Hair, 73— Superfluous Hair, 73.

Care of the Nails, 74 — Manicuring, 75 — Rose Paste for the Nails, 77 — Powder for Polishing the Nails, 77.

Hygiene and General Care of the Organs of Respiration and of the Voice 77

Protection Against Cold, 77 — Vocal Cords, 78 — Nose Breathing, 79 — Dangerous Occupations, 79 — Cold Water Application, 79 — Bad Sitting Position, 80 — Bad Sleeping Position, 81 — Correct Standing Position, 81 — Flat Chests and Round Shoulders, 82 — Exercises to Correct and Prevent Deformities, 82 — Importance of Fresh Air and Ventilation, 85 — Diseases Caused by Impurities in the Air, 86 — Effects of Some Impurities in the Air, 86 — Amount of Fresh Air Required, 86 — Testing the Purity of the Air, 87 — Effects of Breathing Bad Air, 87— How to Ventilate, 88— How to Breathe Properly, 89.

Care of the Nose 91

Cleanliness, 91 — Cold in the Head, 92 — Mouth Breathing, 92 — Polypus of the Nose, 92 — Hairs of the Nose, 93 — Blowing the Nose, 93 — Atomizers and Douches, 93 — Foreign Substances in the Nose, 93.

Care of the Ear 94

Cold in the Ear, 94 — Wax of the Ear, 94 — Hardened Wax in the Ear, 95— Noises in the Ear, 95 — Deafness in Children, 95 — Boxing a Child's Ear, 96 — Foreign Bodies in the Ear, 96 — Tests of Hearing, 96 — Helps to Hearing, 98.

Care of the Eyes 99

Children's Eyes, 99— Need of an Oculist, 99— Defects of Vision, 99— Testing the Eyesight, 101 — Protection of the Eyes, 102 — Poor Light, 103 — Strong Light in the Eyes, 103 — Care During Convalescence, 103 — Fine Print, 104 — Reading on Trains, 104 — Fine Work, 104 — Floating Specks, 104 — Need of Resting the Eyes, 105 — Bathing the Eyes, 105— Foreign Substances in the Eyes, 105.

Care of the Bones 106

Curvature of the Spine, 107 — Bones of the Feet, 107 — Cracking the Knuckles, 107— The Bones During Old Age, 108— Ligaments, . 108— Diseases

and Injuries of the Bones, 108.

Care of the Muscles 109

Exercise, 109— Special Value of Exercise, 110— Quantity of Exercise, 113 — Form of Exercise, 113— Walking, 114 — Running, 116— Physical Exercise for Young Persons, 116 — Bicycling, 121.

The Nervous System I 2 *

Sleep, 121 — Neurasthenia or Nervous Prostration, 122 — Overwork, 123— Anger and Passion, 124 — A Stock of Energy, 125.

Domestic Hygiene and Healthful Homes 126

Location, 126 — The Suburbs, 126 — Flats versus Houses, 127 — Skin Flats, 127— The Best Way, 127— The Country House, 128— Soil, 129— The Cellar Walls, 129— The House Walls, 130— The Roof, 130— Water Near the House, 130— Sewage, 130— Dry Earth Closet, 131— The Rubbish Pile, 131 — Water Supply, 132 — The Grounds, 132 — The Interior, 133 — Stairways and Halls, 133— The Roof Garden, 133— Every Room Bright, 134— Hard Oiled Floors, 13-1 — House Cleaning, 134 — Prevention of Dust, 134 — The Playhouse, 135 — The Kitchen, 135 — Cleanliness, 135 — The Bath Room, 136 — Ventilation, 136 — Impurities of Air, 137 — Tests of Air, 137 — Ventilation Problems, 137 — Carbon Monoxide, 138 — Moisture, 138 — Heating, 138 — Furnaces, 138 — Early Fires, 139 — Fireplaces and Grates, 139 — Regulation of Temperature, 140 — Automatic Regulation, 140 — Lighting, 141 — Gas, 141 — Incandescent Gas Light, 142 — Acetylene Light, 142 — Gasoline Generators, 142 — Position of Lights, 143 — Acclimitization, 144 — Diseases Due to Climate, 144.

Book II. The Causation And Prevention Of Disease

Causation of Disease in General 145

Predisposing Causes to Disease, 146 — Age, 146 — Sex, 147 — Heredity, 147 — Hygienic Conditions, 148.

Exciting Causes of Disease, 148 — Mechanical Causes, 148 — Physical Exciting Causes, 149 — Chemical Exciting Causes, 149 — Vital Exciting Causes, 149.

Contagion, 149 — Nature of the Contagia, 150 — Bacteria, 150 — Mode of Entrance into the Body, 151 — Action within the Body, 151 — Exit from the Body, 152 — Existence Outside of the Body, 152 — Modes of Transmission, 152.

General Rules for the Prevention of Infectious Diseases 15.2

Special Preventive Measures Against Infectious Diseases, 15-! — Smallpox, 154 — Chicken Pox, 15-1 — Measles, 154 — German Measles, 15-1 — Scarlet Fever, 15-4 — Typhus Fever, 155 — Influenza or Epidemic Catarrh, 155 — Whooping Cough, 155 — Mumps, 155 — Diphtheria, 155 — Typhoid Fever, 155 — Yellow Fever, 156 — Cholera, 156 — Dysentery, 156 — Malarial Fevers, 156 — Erysipelas, 157 — Septicaemia or Blood Poisoning, 157 — Tetanus or Lockjaw, 157 — Hydrophobia or Rabies, 157.

Disinfection, 158 — Fresh Air, 158 — Heat, 158 — Sterilization and Pasteurization of Milk, 159.

Chemical Disinfectants, 160 — Corrosive Sublimate, 160 — Carbolic Acid, 161 — Formalin, 161 — Formaldehyde, 161 — Chlorine, 162 — Sulphurous Acid, 162— Quicklime, 162 — Permanganate of Potash, 162.

i6 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Practical Disinfection, 163 — Discharges from the Mouth and Nose, 163 — Discharges through the Skin, 163.

Disinfection of Clothing and Bedding 164

Disinfection of Rooms and Furniture 164

Modern Methods of Preventing and Curing Consumption 165

Ravages of Consumption, 166 — What Consumption is Now Known to Be, 166 — How Consumption is Spread, 167 — Persons Most Likely to be Attacked, 169 — How Consumption May Be Prevented, 171 — How Consumption Begins : Early Symptoms, 173 — Modern Methods of Curing Consumption, 178 — Diet, 181— Exercise, 182— How to Live Out of Doors, 183— Shelter, 183— Clothing, 184 — Sleeping Out of Doors, 186.

Detection and Recognition of Disease 187

Prodromal Symptoms or Warnings of Disease, 189 — General Appearance, 189 — The Face, 190 — The Tongue, 191 — The Gums and Lips, 191 — The Eye, 192— The Pulse, 192— Diseases of the Heart, 193— Breathing, 194— Coughs, 195— Expectoration, 196— The Skin, 197— The Stomach, 198— Vomit, 198— The Bowels, 198 — The Faeces, 199 — The Urine, 200 — Congestion of the Kidney, 201— Dropsy, 202— Fluctuation, 202— Seat of Pain, 202— Some Common Diseases and Their Symptoms, 203 — Fevers, 203 — Typhoid, 203 — Pneumonia, 204— Measles, 204— Scarlet Fever, 204— Tonsilitis, 205— Diphtheria, 205 — Jaundice, 205 — Appendicitis, 205.

List of Symptoms Arranged for Ready Reference 206

Table of Symptoms of Eruptive Fevers 223

Book III. Modern Nursing And Care Of The Sick

Home Nursing 225

How to Prepare the Bed, 226 — How to Pin the Sheet, 226 — How to Change the Sheet with the Patient in Bed, 227 — Bedsores, Prevention and Management, 228— How to Turn a Patient in Bed, 229— Packs, Hot and Cold, 230— Brand's Bath for Typhoid Fever, 231 — Bandages, 232 — Stupes, 234 — Enemata, 234 — Hypodermic Injections, 236 — Counter-Irritation, 236 — Blisters, 237— Cupping, 238 — Leeches, 238 — Cataplasms or Poultices, 239 — Swabs and Mouth Washing, 241 — Ice Bag, 241 — Embrocations or Liniments, 241 — Endermic Medication, 242 — Nasal Douche or Spray, 242 — Necessary Utensils, 243— The Chart and How to Keep It, 244— Clinical Thermometer, 248— The Pulse, 248— The Respiration, 249— Medication, 249— The Urine, 251— Faeces, 251 — Baths, 251 — Cleanliness, 254 — Applications of Heat and Cold, 256 — Fever Nursing, 257 — Surgical Nursing, 260 — Care of Children, 261 — Visitors, Flowers, etc., 262 — What Not to Do in the Sick Room, 263— Convalescence, 265,

Massage 266

Introduction, 266 — Its Uses and Benefits, 267 — When to Give Massage, 267 — Importance of a System, 269 — How to Give Massage, 270 — Massage for Sprains and Bruises, 272 — Beauty Massage, 272 — To Massage the Face, 274 — How to Develop the Neck and Chest, 276 — To Make the Hands and Arms Beautiful, 277.

Food for the Sick : How to Prepare and Serve It 277

Dietetics, 277 — Service of Food to the Sick, 279 — Time of Feeding, 280 — Assistance to a Patient While Eating, 280 — Fever Diet, 281 — Dyspepsia Diet, 281 — Constipation Diet, 282 — Diarrhoea, 282 — Liver Troubles, 283 — ■ Diabetes, 283— Bright's Disease, 284— Debility, 284— Obesity, 285— Rheumatism, 286 — Gout, 286 — Consumption, 287.

Peptonized Foods, 287 — Soups, 293 — Farinaceous Foods, 295 — Eggs, 299 — Desserts, 301.

Book IV. Diseases Of Adults

Local Diseases of Adults 303

Diseases of the Head, 303 — Dandruff or Seborrhcea, 303 — Baldness or Alopecia, 304 — Partial Baldness or Alopecia Areata, 306 — Neuralgic Headache or Tic Douloureux, 306 — Migraine or Sick Headache, Bilious Headache, or Blind Headache, 307 — Rheumatic Headache, 308 — Congestive Headache, 309 — Periodic Headache, Brow Ache or Brow Ague, 309 — Organic Headache, 310 — Headache of Neurasthenia or of Nervous Debility, 310 — Headache of Eye-Strain, 310 — Anaemic Headache, 310 — -Headache Due to Diseases of the Kidney, 310 — Ringworm of the Scalp or Tinea Tonsurans, 311 — Barber's Itch or Ringworm of the Beard, 312.

Diseases of the Eyes, 313 — Granular Lids or Trachoma, 313 — Stye or Hordeolum, 314 — Watery Eye, 315 — Blear Eye, 315 — Weakness of the Eyes, 316 — Inflammation of the Eyes or Conjunctivitis, 316 — Gonorrhceal Inflammation of the Eye, 317 — Aborted Stye or Chalazion, 317 — Inflammation of the Edge of the Eyelids or Blepharitis, 318 — Cataracts, 318 — Eye Bruises or Black Eye, 319 — Protrusion of the Eyeball or Exophthalmos, 320 — Sinking of the Eyeball, 320 — Squint or Strabismus, 320.

Diseases of the Ear, 322 — Earache or Otalgia, 322 — Inflammation of the Ear or Otitis, 323 — Eczema of the Ear or Tetter, 324 — Wax in the Ear, 325— Foreign Bodies in the Ear, 325 — Polypus of the Ear, 326 — Noises in the Ear, 327.

Diseases of the Nose, 327 — Cold in the Head or Coryza, 327 — Chronic Nasal Catarrh, 328 — Inflamed and Ulcerated Nose, 329 — Nosebleed or Epistaxis, 330 — Polypus of the Nose, 331 — Foreign Substances in the Nose, 331 — Cold Sore, Fever Sore or Herpes, 332.

i8 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Diseases of the Mouth, 332 — Chapped or Cracked Lips, 332 — Salivation or Mercurial Stomatitis, 333 — Gumboil, 333 — Stammering, 333 — Sore Tongue, 33-1 — Inflammation of the Tongue or Glossitis, 334.

Diseases of the Throat, 335 — Sore Throat or Acute Pharyngitis, 335 — Clergyman's Sore Throat or Chronic Pharyngitis, 335 — Inflammation of the Tonsils or Tonsilitis, 336 — Quinsy or Peritonsilar Abscess, 338 — Hoarseness or Laryngitis, 338 — Enlargement or Swelling of the Uvula, 339 — Dropsical Inflammation of the Larynx or Oedematous Laryngitis, 340.

Diseases of the Lungs, 340 — Cold in the Chest or Acute Catarrhal Bronchitis, 340 — Chronic Bronchitis, 342 — Pleurisy or Pleuritis, 343 — Dropsy of the Pleura or Hydrothorax, 344 — Asthma, 345 — Hay Asthma or Hay Fever or The Rose, 347 — Bleeding from the Lungs or Hemoptysis, 348 — Lobar Pneumonia or Lung Fever or Winter Fever, 349 — Consumption, 351.

Diseases of the Heart, 355 — Dilatation of the Heart, 355 — Inflammation of the Pericardium or Pericarditis, 355 — Palpitation of the Heart, 357 — Irregular Pulse or Arhythmia, 357 — Rapid Heart or Tachycardia, 358 — Slow Heart or Brachycardia, 359 — Neuralgia of the Heart or Angina Pectoris, 359 — Enlargement of the Ventricles of the Heart, 360 — Shrinking or Atrophy of the Heart, 361 — Fainting or Syncope, 361.

Diseases of the Stomach, 362 — Inflammation of the Stomach or Acute Gastritis, 362 — Milk Sickness, 363 — Water Brash, 363 — Nausea and Vomiting, 36-1 — Cramp or Spasm of the Stomach or Gastralgia, 365 — Dyspepsia or Indigestion, 365 — Gastric Ulcer or Ulcer of the Stomach, 368 — Gastric Cancer or Cancer of the Stomach, 369.

Diseases of the Bowels, 370 — Constipation, 370 — Intestinal Indigestion, 371 — Diarrhoea, 372 — Dysentery, 375 — Cholera Morbus, 376 — Colic, 378 — Painter's Colic, 378 — Wind Colic, 379 — Bilious Colic, 379 — Piles or Hemorrhoids, 381 — Falling of the Bowel, 382 — Inflammation of the Peritoneum or Peritonitis, 382 — Fistula, 383 — Obstruction of the Bowel, 383 — Appendicitis or Inflammation of the Appendix, 384.

Diseases of the Liver and Spleen, 385 — Jaundice or Icterus, 385 — Gallstones, 386 — Congestion of the Liver, 387 — Gin-Drinker's Liver, 388 — Cancer of the Liver, 388 — Inflammation of the Spleen, 389.

Diseases of the Kidneys, 389 — Diabetes Insipidus or Excessive Flow of Urine, 389 — Diabetes Mellitus or Sugar Diabetes, 390 — Congestion of the Kidneys or Renal Congestion, 391 — Acute Bright's Disease, 391 — Chronic Bright's Disease, 392 — Uraemia, 393 — Suppression of L'rine, 394 — Incontinency of Urine, 395 — Gravel or Renal Calculi, 396 — Inflammation of the Bladder or Cystitis, 398.

Infectious Diseases of Adults 400

Dengue or Breakbone Fever, 400 — Erysipelas, 401 — Hydrophobia or Rabies. 402 — Influenza or La Grippe, 404 — Lockjaw or Tetanus, 405 — Malaria or

Intermittent or Remittent Fever, 406 — Glanders or Farcy, 408 — Smallpox or Variola, 408 — Typhoid or Enteric Fever, 410 — Typhus Fever, 413 — Asiatic Cholera, 415.

General Diseases of Adults 417

Aneurism, 417 — Apoplexy, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Embolism or Thrombosis, 417 — Epilepsy, 420 — Concussion or Inflammation of the Brain, 423 — Inflammation of the Outer Covering of the Brain or Pachymeningitis, 42-1 — Acute Meningitis, Cerebral or Brain Fever, 425 — Nervous Prostration or Neurasthenia, 426 — Locomotor Ataxia, 427 — Palsy or Paralysis, 428 — Anchylosis, 432 — Rheumatic Fever or Acute Articular Rheumatism, 432 — Muscular Rheumatism, 435 — Neuralgia, 436 — Anaemia, 439 — Cerebral Anaemia, 440 — Congestion of the Brain, 441 — Dizziness or Vertigo, 443 — Abscess, 444 — Abscess in the Ear, 445 — Ulcers, 445 — Corns, 446 — Ingrowing Nails, 447— Chilblains, 448 — Rashes, 450— Rose Rash, 450— Hives or Nettle Rash, 450 — Disorders of the Sweat Glands, 452 — Disorders of the Oil Glands, 452 — Prickly Heat or Lichen, 453 — Irritation, Itching or Prurigo, 453 — Eczema, Herpes or Tetter, 455 — Moist Eczema, 455 — Milk Crust Eczema, 456 — Ringworms, 456 — Carbuncle or Anthrax Benigna, 457 — Boil or Furunculus, 458 — Excessive Perspiration or Hyperidrosis, 459 — Lice, 460.

Book V. Womanhood And Motherhood

Menstruation, 461 — Delayed or Obstructed Menstruation or Amenorrhcea, 463— Suppressed Menstruation or Amenorrhcea, 46-1 — Painful Menstruation or Dysmenorrhcea, 466 — Profuse Menstruation, 466 — Falling of the Womb, 468 — Cancer of the Womb, 468 — Inflammation of the Ovaries or Ovaritis, 470 — Inflammation of the Womb, 470 — Whites or Leucorrhcea, 470 — Pruritis Vulvae, 471.

Motherhood 472

Pregnancy, 472 — Obstetrical Table, 473 — Signs of Pregnancy, 47-1 — Conduct During Pregnancy, 475 — Diet During Pregnancy, 475 — Dress and Exercise, 476 — Moral Influences, 476 — The Breasts, 476 — Care of the Teeth During Pregnancy, 477.

Diseases of Pregnancy, 481 — Morning Sickness, 481 — Constipation, 481 — Heartburn, 482 — Incontinence of Urine, 482 — Coughs and Shortness of Breath, 482 — Pruritis Vulvae or Itching, 483 — Insomnia or Sleeplessness, 483 — Melancholy or Despondency, 483 — Varicose Veins, 484 — Hemorrhoids or Piles, 48-1 — False Pregnancy, 484 — Abortion or Miscarriage, 485 — Premature Birth, 487 — Confinement or Parturition, 487 — Preparation of Bed and Patient, 488 — The Breast, 490— Inflammation of the Breast, 490— Sore

20 TABLE OF CONTEXTS.

Nipples, 491 — ^lilk Fever, 491— The Lochia, 492— Afterpains, 492— Constipation After Deliver}-, 492 — Retention of Urine, 493 — Diet after Labor, 493 — Puerperal Mania or Nervousness, 493 — Childbed Fever or Septicaemia, 494.

Book VI. Care, Feeding, And Diseases Of Children

Care of the Newborn Child, 495— First Suckling of the Child, 496— The Meconium, 496 — Urine, 496.

Diseases of Newborn Children 496

Apparent Death or Asphyxia, 496 — Jaundice of Newborn Infants, 498 — Inflammation of the Breasts of Infants, 499 — Erysipelas of Newborn Infants, 499 — Lockjaw of the Newborn or Tetanus, 500 — Sore Eyes or Ophthalmia of the Newborn, 500 — Inflammation of the Navel or Omphalitis, 501 — Rupture of the Navel or Umbilical Hernia, 502.

Care of Prematurely Born or Delicate Children 503

The Nursery, 50-1 — Sleep, 506 — Airing, 506 — Exercise, 507 — Clothing, 507 — Bathing, 508— Growth and Development, 508 — Weight, 508 — Height, 509— Table of Weight and Height of Children, 510 — Development of the Muscles, 511 — Development of Sight. 511 — Development of Hearing, 511 — Development of Taste and Smell, 511 — Development of Speech, 511.

Feeding of Children 511

Breast Feeding, 511 — Mothers Who Should Not Nurse, 512 — The Wet Nurse, 512 — Mixed Feeding, 512 — Care of the Breasts During Nursing, 513 — Training the Child to Nurse, 513 — Time for Feeding During the First Year, 513 — Weaning, 51-1 — Sterilizing Milk, 515 — Pasteurization of Milk, 516 — Peptonizing Milk, 516 — Condensed Milk, 517 — Infant Foods, 517 — Cow's Milk, 518 — Modification of Cow's Milk, 518 — Why it is Necessary to Modify Milk, 519— How is Cow's Milk Modified? 520— Formulas for Modified Milk, 522 — Formula for the Second Day, 522 — Formula for the Fourth Day, 522 — Formula for the Tenth Day, 522 — Formula for the Fifth Week, 522 — Formula for the Seventh to Ninth Week, 523 — Formula for the Third or Fourth Month, 523 — Formula for the Fifth and Sixth Months, 523 — Formula for the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Months, 52-1 — Formula for the Tenth and Eleventh Months, 524.

Diet for a Child of One Year, 525— Diet for a Child Fifteen Months Old, 525— Diet for a Child Two Years Old. 526— Diet During the Third Year, 526.

Diseases of Children Caused by Improper Feeding, 529 — Rickets, 529 — Simple Wasting or Marasmus, 530 — Scurvy or Scorbutus, 531.

Diseases of the Digestive Organs 533

Malformation of the Mouth, 533 — Harelip, 533 — Cleft Palate, 533 — Tongue-tie, 533.

Teeth and Teething, 534 — Thumb Sucking, 536 — Lancing the Gums, 538 — The Toothbrush, 540— Filling a Child's Teeth, 541— Catarrh of the Mouth or Catarrhal Stomatitis, 542 — Canker or Follicular or Aphthous Stomatitis, 543 — Putrid Sore Mouth or Ulcerative Stomatitis, 544 — Soor, Muguet, Sprue, White Mouth, Thrush or Parasitic Stomatitis, 544 — Inflammation of the Tonsils or Tonsilitis, 545 — Quinsy or Peritonsilar Abscess, 547 — Vomiting, 548 — Colic, 549 — Cramp in the Stomach or Gastralgia, 550 — Acute Stomach Indigestion, 550 — Diarrhoea, 552 — Summer Complaint or Cholera Infantum, 553 — Croup, 555 — Worms, 557 — Spasm of the Glottis or Child Crowing, 558 — Snuffles or Cold in the Head, 558 — Convulsions, Fits, and Spasms, 559.