Teachings of patriots and statesmen; or, The "founders of the republic" on slavery

Front matter

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Chapter I

Occurrences iacident to the Act of Confederation — Jefferson's notes of the debates on the Confederation— Mr. Chase's motion in reference to white inhabitants — " White inhabitants" — Slaves — Negroes not considered members of the State — Mr. Adams on the same subject— Free and slave labor contrasted—Mr. Harrison's compromise, that two slaves should be counted as one freeman, and remarks thereon — Mr. Wilson against slavery — Mi-. Payne's remarks — Dr Witherspoon against tax on slaves — Mr. Chase on the subject of each colony having one vote in Congress — Dr. Franklin, Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Adams, Dr. Rush, Mr. Hopkins, Mr. Wilson, on the same subject — Ratification, and the Articles of Confederation Page 21-43.

Chapter II

The causes which led to the formation of the Constitution and wherein the Articles of Confederation were deficient for the purpose of a government, by Mr. Madison — Appointment of delegates to form a Constitution — Organization of the convention — Resolutions of Mr. Randolph, which became the basis of the Constitution — Mr. Madison, on the equality of suffrage — Speech of Alexander Hamilton, advocating monarchical government ; also plan of government submitted by him — Discussion continued — Angry discussion between Mr, Madison, Mr. Martin, and others — Dr. Franklin proposes prayer at the opening of the session — His remarks thereon — Mr. Randolph proposes a sermon on the 4th of July — Pro-

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position to adjourn sine d«e— Discussion continued — Eeport of committee on the construction of Congress — Three-fifths slaves included in representation — Concession of the small States that the House should originate all money bills, in consideration that they should have an equal representation in the Senate — Debate thereon — Mr. Madison's compromise — Further debate on slave representation, and vote — Debate on equality of votes in the Senate — Report of the Committee of the whole House on Mr. Randolph's resolutions — The resolutions as reported — Mr. Rutledge's report from the committee of detail — Discussion thereon by Mr. Madison, Dr. Franklin, and others — Mr. Madison's proposition to give Congress power to institute temporary governments for the territories — Lengthy debate on slavery and the slave trade — Mr. Madison's proposition to give Congress power to institute territorial governments struck out — Mr. Livingston's report on the importation of slaves — Discussion and vote thereon — Fugitive slaves — " Needful rules and regulations respecting the territory," etc. — Report of the Constitution by the committee of revision — The Constitution as reported and adopted — OflBcial letter to Congress — Articles of amendment — When adopted Page 44-114.

CHAPTER IIL

Debates in the convention of Massachusetts — Rev. Mr. Backus, on the religious test, and the importation of slaves — Mr. Dawes' remarks on slaves, and importation of — Gen. Heath, ditto ; his remarks on the adoption of the Federal Constitution — Mr. King's remarks on representation and taxation — Debate in the convention of- the State of New York — Mr. Hamilton's remarks on navigation, commerce, and slave representation — Debate in the convention of the State of Connecticut — Mr. Ellsworth's remarks on the necessity of a Union, and the consequences of disunion — Debate in the convention of Virginia — Objections to the Constitution answered by Mr. Nicholas — Powers of the government — Mr. Mason in opposition to the slave trade — Mr. Madison on the same ; and in reference to fugitive slaves — He prefers union with slavery to disunion without it — Mr. Tyler against the slave trade —

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Patrick Henry on the powers of Congress — Fugitive slaves — Mr. Nicholas on slavery — Mr. Henry replies — Three-fifths of the negroes represented — Mr. Mason on negro taxes — Mr. Madison's reply — Mr. Henry against emancipation — Gov. Randolph on the same subject — Debate in the convention of North Carolina — Mr. Goudy against negro taxation — Negroes property — Mr. Davie — Mr. Spaight explains the views of the Federal Convention — Mr. Iredell on slavery and the slave trade — Mr. Galloway, Mr. Iredell and others, continue the discussion — Debate in the convention of South Carolina — Mr. Lowndes on slavery and the slave trade — Judge Pendleton, Mr. Rutledge, and Mr. Pinckney, on the same subject Page 115-154.

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798, drawn by Messrs. Madison and JeflFerson Page 184-194.

Chapter VII

The Missouri question in Congress, 1820 — Slavery restriction offered by Mr. Storrs, of New York — Mr. Meiggs opposed — Mr. Holmes' speech on — Mr. Smyth, Mr. Reid, Mr. Scott, Mr. Tucker, and Mr. Stevens on — Col. Richard M. Johnson in the Senate on — Mr. Pinckney, a member of the Federal Convention that framed the Constitution, on the power of Congress to restrict slavery — Mr. Whiteman, Mr. Shaw, Mr. Holmes, and Mr. Barber, on the same subject — Extracts Page 195-282.

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Chapter VIII

Extracts from a letter from Mr. Madison to President Monroe, on the Missouri restriction — Same in reply to Mr. Monroe — Mr. Madison on the Ordinance of 1787— Draft of a veto by Mr. Monroe on the bill establishing the Missouri Compromise line — Extracts from several letters of Mr. Jefferson on the Missouri restriction — Extract from a letter of Gen. Harrison (afterward President) to Mr. Monroe on the same subject Page 283-292.

Agitation of slavery in the House of Representatives, in 1839, and retiring of Southern members from the hall — " The Gag- Rule," and vote thereon — Extract from Mr. Clay's speech in the Senate Page 321-348.

Chapter XII

Resolution of Mr. Calhoun in 1847, and remarks on. Extract — Extract from Mr. Calhoun's speech in 1848 — Resolution of Daniel S. Dickinson, and remarks thereon. Extract, 1848 — Extracts from the speeches of Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, John 0. Calhoun, Gen. Cass, and Gen. Houston, of the Senate, on the Compromise Resolutions of Mr. Clay, in 1850 — Also Extracts from the speeches of Mr. Tombs, of Georgia, Mr. Butler and Mr. Ross, of Pennsylvania, of the House of Representatives, on the same subject — Also E.xtract from " Southern Address." Page 349-387.

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Chapter XIII

The Dred Scott decision— Extracts from the opinions of the Court— Extract from the opinion of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in 1837, that a negro cannot be a citizen— Prigg vs. the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, by Judge Story, Extract Page 388-408.

National Conventions — Platforms of the various parties on the subject of slavery, from 1848 to 1860 Page 488-495.