Know thy neighbor

Front matter

A

Lida Keck Wiggins.

OR

Introduction

wisely and not be duped. She will know which man will make the trustworthy husband, and which will soon tire of her, and go like a bee from flower to flower. She will also know the man who will be a good "provider," and the man who will be unable to lay by the necessary "penny" for a "rainy day."

Divorces would be unknown if every man and woman, before entering into wedlock, would ascertain these valuable facts of Physiognomy and temperament.

Employers will know what men to employ by a "working knowledge" of the outer signs. They will know, too, which man is to be trusted with the cash, and which is to be kept as far away from it as possible. They will know the young woman who will make a steady, neat, efficient stenographer, from the attractive, but frivolous, young lady who will wear pretty clothes, be courted in and out of the office by callow young clerks, and care less for her note book than anything else.

Employes should also know the signs and profit thereby, and not hire out to a deceitful, hard-hearted, narrow-minded employer. Much sorrow and chagrin and many heart-aches could be avoided in this manner.

Young business women, especially, should know these things, and have a care as to the men with whom they associate themselves in business. Some of the most terrible of tragedies have come about from a lack of such knowledge on the part of innocent young girls compelled to make their own way in the world. By a thorough familiarity with the meanings of the facial features any young woman may place herself

INTRODUCTION

with the kind of employer who will be a protector, not a persecutor.

The significance of every feature is explained in the following chapters — the hair, the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the ears, the cheeks, the mouth, the chin, the neck, the arms, the hands, the limbs and the feet. A very valuable phrenological chart is also given and its uses explained.

Servants and mistresses may profit immeasurably by a knowledge of the truths set forth in this book. The servant problem has come to be one of the most important and hard-to-solve questions of the day. Physiognomy teaches both mistress and maid invaluable lessons. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, said the old proverb. In this matter of servants the truth of that proverb is proven, to a marked degree. If the maid can read the "signs" in the face of a woman who wishes to hire her, or to whom she applies for work, she will know whether or not she is facing a hard task-mistress or one who will treat her with human kindness and consideration. A mistress, armed with the same key, can readily unlock the secret places of a girl's character, and know whether she will make a faithful attendant, or merely a time-server. For the benefit of both mistress and maid these pages are written.

Why spend money on fortune tellers when you may know and make your own fortune by ascertaining these facts? This method has other advantages because in telling one's own fortune no secrets get out, and o^ther persons, not interested, need know nothing of one's affairs.

The Secrets of Palmistry Revealed. — A chapter of

INTRODUCTION

this volume is devoted to the fascinating subject of palmistry. One may read one's own abilities, possibilities, weaknesses, strong points, etc., himself with the aid of the valuable assistance given in that chapter.

Mind reading is also explained and many remarkable examples given from other writers and from personal experiences.

Clairvoyance, with all its wonderful possibilities, is discussed in Part II of this book, and a number of marvelous examples of the power described.

The unknown power, called Spiritism by many, is spoken of and several incidents related of the seeming appearance of the spirits of the dead.

"Know Thyself" is a piece of the best advice ever offered to humanity, and it is the object of this book to help every man to a practical knowledge of his own possibilities or limitations; to help him make the best use of the one, and overcome or correct the other.

We are born with certain tendencies for good or for evil, and a thorough knowledge of our own temperaments will enable us to become useful, right-minded, healthy men and women.

Parents should understand the outer signs most of all, for into their hands is given the moulding and the training of little minds and bodies. There is much in heredity, but much more in early training into or out of certain tendencies. The wise parent will understand the physical and mental capabilities of his child at birth, and can mould that child as he will. How very important that he know how to do it ! The value of hypnotic suggestion in this regard is also explicitly explained.

INTRODUCTION

The Teacher should also know these things, as into his care the child is given for a number of its most impressionable years.

The quickest road to wealth is found through a knowledge of the work best suited to one's abilities. Many men fail to succeed because they have never found their proper work. This book will help all who read it to find their true vocations in life, and the way to utilize the occult powers all about them.

L. K. W.

CHAPTER I (Pages 19 to 39.) TEMPERAMENT: Definition; The Different Kinds of Temperaments; The Ancient and Modern Classifications; The Motive; The Vital and Mental Temperaments Explained; Knowledge of Temperaments Necessary in Character Reading; Modern Occupations Suited for Each Temperament; Prominent Examples of the Different Temperaments; How to Balance the Temperament of a Child; Worry and How to Cure it.

CHAPTER II (Pages 40 to 44.) THE HUMAN FACE AND WHAT IT TEACHES

Shapes of Faces — The Oblong ; The Round and the Pear-shaped ; Examples of the Different Kinds of Faces, and the Characters They Represent; Ex-Premier Balfour Had the Pear-shaped Face Which Usually Accompanies the Mental Temperament; The Rule of Three Applied to Faces.

CHAPTER III (Pages 45 to 58.) THE HUMAN MOUTH: Talking Without Words; Large Mouths ; Deceitful Mouths ; Open Mouths ; Closed Mouths; Different Kinds of Lips — Large Lips; Dainty Lips; Kissing Lips ; Virtuous Lips ; Reliable Lips ; Sensual Lips ; Jealous Lips; A "Stiff Upper Lip"; Lazy Lips; Ignorant Lips, etc.

Chapter IV

(Pages 59 to 68.) THE CHIN: Chin Secrets; Classification of Chins— The Pointed, the Indented, the Narrow Square, the Broad Square, the "Love Bump" ; Chins of Animals ; Aaron Burr's Chin ; An Idiot's Chin ; Long, Pointed Chins ; Very Sharp Chins ; Broad Chins ; Avaricious Chins ; Weil-Balanced Chins ; Flat Chins ; Angular Chins ; Egotistical Chins ; "Gushing" Chins ; Heartless Chins; The Drunkard's Chin; Dimpled Chins; Fickle Chins; Tactful Chins; Weak Chins; Strong Chins; The Ruler's Chin; Double Chins; The Infidel's Chin, etc.

Chapter V

(Pages 69 to 71.) JAWS AND TEETH: The Vegetarian's Chin; Canine Teeth; Snarly People; The Overcomer's Teeth.

CHAPTER VI (Pages 72 to 88.)

THE NOSE: Kinds of Noses— The Greek, the Roman, the Jewish, the Pug, the Snub and the Celestial ; Training the Nose ; Napoleon's Nose; Irritable Noses; The Fighting Nose; The Discoverer's Nose; The Mimic's Nose; The Inquisitive Nose; The Confiding Nose; Economical Noses; What Noses Mean In Connection with Other Features.

CHAPTER VII (Pages 89 to 97.)

THE CHEEKS AND THE COMPLEXION: The Three Kinds of Cheeks — Oblong, Round and Pear-shaped; What the Different Kinds Indicate as to Character; High Cheek Bones Are a Good Quality for a Policeman, a Fireman, a Soldier or a Doctor.

COMPLEXION— How Your Thoughts and Deeds are Written in Your Face: Health Signs; Disease Signs in the Complexion; Beware of the Company You Keep; Moral Signs in the Complexion; Town and Country Complexions.

Chapter VIII

(Pages 98 to 110.) THE EYES— LANGUAGE, COLOR, AND CHARAC- TER: Windows of the Soul; Tell-Tale Eyes; Laughing Eyes; Forbidding Eyes ; Hypnotic Eyes ; The Wonderful Wordless Language of the Eyes ; All Emotions Expressed in the Eyes — Wonder, 'Astonishment, Curiosity, Distress, Anger, Triumph, Sadness, Happiness ; A Warning Sign for Young Girls ; Different Kinds of Eyes — -Large, Sleepy, Slanting; The Madonna Eye; The Eye of Genius; The Coquette's Eye; Honest Eyes; Dark Eyes ; Light Eyes ; Brown Eyes ; Blue Eyes, and Gray Eyes ; The Most Beautiful Eyes in the World.

CHAPTER IX (Pages 111 to 134.)

THE FOREHEAD, THE HAIR, THE EARS, AND THE NECK: Shapes in Foreheads; Outlines; Home of the Mind; Comparisons; The "Seeing Ridge"; Memory in Forehead; Reason in Forehead; The Fun Sign; Artists' Foreheads.

WRINKLED FOREHEADS AND WHAT WRINKLES MEAN: Desirable Wrinkles; Wrinkles Between the Eyes; Weak Brains ; Suspicious Foreheads ; Foolish Foreheads ; The Imbecile's Forehead ; "Mixed" Foreheads ; Intelligent Foreheads ; How to Tell What Wrinkles Mean; Obliquely Wrinkled Foreheads; Kindly Wrinkles; Conscientious People.

THE HAIR, THE EARS, AND THE NECK: The City Walls; Black Hair; Public Speakers; Good Taste; Strong Character ; Curly Hair ; Black-Haired Bachelors ; Red-Haired People ; Flaxen Hair; Hair Parted in Center; Head of Christ; Hair Parting at Side.

THE EARS AND WHAT THEY TEACH: The Sentinels ; Large Ears ; Ears Talk ; Great People, Great Ears ; Generous Ears ; The Handsomest Ears ; Good Hearers ; Small Ears ; Long Ears ; Pointed Ears ; Queen Victoria's Ears ; Enthusiastic Ears ; Coarse People's Ears ; The Tattle-Tale's Ears ; Dull Ears.

THE NECK: Usefulness of the Neck; Sex in the Neck; Children's Neck; Beautiful Necks; Prize Fighters' Necks; A Good Neck ; Murderer's Neck.

HOW TO READ CHARACTER FROM OLD SHOES.

CHAPTER X (Pages 135 to 159.) THE HUMAN FACE CLASSIFIED, OR HOW TO TELL A PREACHER, A LAWYER, A TEACHER, A STATESMAN, ETC.: Examples from Real Life; The Clergyman, Bishop Charles G. McCabe ; The Statesman, Theodore Roosevelt; The Soldier, Gen. U. S. Grant; The Artist, Alfred Montgomery ; The Inventor, Thomas A. Edison ; The Discoverer, Christopher Columbus ; The Poet, James Whitcomb Riley ; The Actor, Joseph Jefferson; The Orator, Bishop Quayle; The Musician, Philip Sousa.

CHAPTER XI (Pages 160 to 172.)

ACTION IN WALK AND VOICE: The Motive Man's Walk ; Throw up Your Head ; Walking Into Success ; A Woman's Walk ; Mincing Steps ; Rude Characters, Rude Walk, Poor Husbands ; Strutting ; Walking on Tiptoes ; An Honest Walk; The Foxy Walk; Moods Expressed in the Walk— By Your Walk We Shall Know You; A Discouraged Walk; The Good Business Man's Walk; How to Read Character by the Walk; Experienced Detectives Watch the Walk; The Flirt's Walk; How Nice Girls Walk; A Good "Carriage."

CHARACTER IN THE VOICE: If You Know the Notes You Can Read Your Neighbor's Character; Comparison of Voices; Love in the Voice; How to Tell the Bad Voice; The Sign of Scarlet Women.

WONDERFUL LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS: The Meaning of Single Flowers and in Combination.

CHAPTER XII (Pages 173 to 182.) GRAPHOLOGY— HOW YOUR PENMANSHIP RE- VEALS YOUR CHARACTER: General Styles of Writing

Are Ten in Number — The Fine and Regular, The Irregular and Unsightly, The Rounded and Measured, The Angular and Pointed, The Large and Bold, The Small, The Cramped and the Weak, The Formal and Precise, The Ornate, The Plain and Legible, The Dashing and Illegible; Samples of the Different Styles ; How Education Changes Writing and Character.

THE VALUE OF AUTOGRAPHS: Autograph Collectors; Prices of Autographs of Various Prominent Persons.

CHAPTER XIII (Pages 183 to 188.)

THUMB IMPRESSION AND FINGER PRINTS- HOW THEY SHOW CHARACTER: An Ancient Custom; Making the Mark ; The Thumb as an Index ; A Large Thumb ; The Extravagant Thumb ; Stubborn Thumbs ; The Bossey Thumb; A Weak Thumb; The Murderer's Thumb; Wasp- Shaped Thumbs.

THE SHAPE OF YOUR HAND SHOWS WHAT YOU ARE: Strength, ^WiM, and Good Sense; Good Reason, Poor Decision ; Impulsiveness ; Passion ; Coldness ; Will and Love Wedded.

Chapter XIV

(Pages 188 to 230.) PALMISTRY, OR THE SIGNS AND LINES IN YOUR HANDS, AND WHAT THEY MEAN: The Living Tablets; Successful Palmists; A Fascinating Study; Finger Tips, Their Shape and Meaning; The Mounts and Their Importance to the Character Reader; The Principal Lines Found in the Hand; What a Forked Life Line Means; The Head Line — It Shows How You Will Live, Love, and Act ; When Love May Kill; Your Hands Show Whether You Are to Have Joy or Sorrow, Wealth or Poverty; The Heart Line — Remarkable Revelations of the Condition of the Heart; To Know the Heart Line a Great Protection; The Fate Line; The Line of Fortune; Lines of Marriage — Some Persons Not Fit to Marry; Wedding Anniversaries. /

Chapter XV

(Pages 231 to 276.) ASTROLOGY, OR THE MYSTERIOUS INFLU- ENCE OF THE STARS: Fear of Foreknowledge; Why Look Ahead?; An Exact Science; The Signs of the Zodiac — Their Names : The Ram, The Bull, The Twins, The Crab, The Lion, The Virgin, The Balance, The Scorpion, The Archer, The Water-Bearer, The Fishes ; How Astrology Helps All ; Meaning of Birth-Stones Linked to the Stars ; Why Astrology is Reliable ; Wonderful Possibilities ; Unseen Helpers ; Proper Marriage Mates.

Chapter I

(Pages 277 to 317.) MAGNETISM, HYPNOTISM, AND THE EMANUEL CHURCH MOVEMENT: Mind Mysteries; The Two-Mind Theory; Thought Reading; Auto-Suggestion ; The Objective Mind Asleep; Animal Magnetism; Mental Electricity; Origin of Mesmerism; The Life Fluid; The Human Galvanic Battery; The Escape of Magnetism; Nature's Marvelous Provision; Why We Should Know ; The Nerve "Blood" ; How to Save Life ; Mind Controls Matter; Magnetic Healing; How to Become a Mesmerist; Hypnotism and How It Is Accomplished; Mental Suggestion; Manner of Procedure; Christian Science — Why It Attracts; Objective Faith Not Necessary; Absent Treatment; The Emanuel Church Movement; New Thought — What It Is and What It Is Not; Thought Force; Self-Confidence Necessary.

Chapter II

(Pages 318 to 360.) TELEPATHY, OR MIND TRANSFERENCE— ITS- MYSTERIES AND REVELATIONS: Why So Called; The Skeptic's Question Mark; How Telepathy Works; Telepathy, in Fortune-Telling ; Honesty of Mediums ; Many Startling Experiences ; How Thought Can Kill ; The Mystic Table ; How to Tell Your Fortune.

CHAPTER III (Pages 361 to 399.) CLAIRVOYANCE, VISIONS AND THE UNKNOWN

Trances ; The Spirit Theory ; Dying Impressions ; Biblical Evidence ; Dream Clairvoyance; Visions in Dreams; Talking with the Dead; Henry Ward Beecher's Message from the Spirit World; Wm. T. Stead Receives Letters from His Dead Son.

Chapter IV

(Pages 400 to 405.) THE BERTILLON SYSTEM OF MEASURING CRIMINALS: Means Heretofore Used; New System Adopted by France and United States; Workings of System Illustrated.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

1. Lida Keck Wiggins Frontispiece

2. Phrenological Chart 18

3. Mental Characteristics of the Motive Temperament 21

4. Mental Characteristics of the Vital Temperament 22

5. Mental Characteristics of the Mental Temperament 23

6. The Dying Gladiator 24

7. Skeleton of Motive Man , 25

8. Abraham Lincoln 27

9. Susan B. Anthony 28

10. Queen Victoria, Amelia E. Barr, Grover Cleveland,

William H. Taft 29

11. The Veinous System ; The Lymphatic System 30

12. Brain and Nerves 32

13. Fenton Fox, Jr 33

14. Frances Willard, Pope Leo, Horace Mann, An Actress 35

15. George Washington 37

16. Charlotte Corday, Andrew Jackson, Daisy Grogan, Sir

Henry Campbell-Bannerman 41

17. Ex-Premier Balfour 42

18. Muscles of Face Exposed; Bones of Head and Face. . . 43

19. Deceitful Mouth ; Narrow Closed Lips ; The Honest

Mouth ; Mouth Slightly Open 45

20. Tight Closed Lips ; Slightly Open Lips ; Jolly Lips ;

Thick Lips 46

21. Dainty Lips 47

22. Warm Lips ; Friendly Lips ; Cold Lips 48

23. Loving Lips 49

24. Sensuality; Raised Upper Lip ; Jealous Lips. 50

25. Self Esteem ; Stiff Upper Lip ; Curled Upper Lip ; i

Daniel Webster's Upper Lip; Turned-Down Lips.. 51

26. The Difference 52

27. Concentration 53

28. Turned-Up Mouth Corners 55

29. Mouth of Wendell Phillips 56

30. Lip of Pompous Person 57

31. Chin of Aaron Burr ; Idiot's Chin 60

32. Gross Sensual Chin ; Black Hawk's Chin 61

33. Indented Chin ; Narrow Square Chin 62

34. Broad Square Chin; Broad Round Chin; Catherine

Alexieona 63

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

35. Example of Love Sign in the Chin 64

36. Benjamin Franklm 67

37. Infidel's Chin ; Concentration in the Chin 68

38. Gorilla's Head; Man's Skull; Low Order of Man;

A Hog 69

39. Family of Brahmans 70

40. Canine Teeth Exposed 71

41. Pug Nose; Greek Nose; Celestial Nose; Roman Nose;

Snub Nose ; Jewish Nose 72

42. Development in the Nose 73

43. An Ex-Slave 74

44. Mrs. Mary Church Terrell 75

45. A Roman Nose 77

46. Napoleon Bonaparte ; Another Roman Nose 78

47. Jewish Nose : 79

48. A Blue Nose ; Inquisitive Nose 81

49. Bottle Nose ; Self-Def ense 82

50. Relative Defense Bump ; The Fighting Nose 83

51. Analysis ; Combination 84

52. Marshall P. Wilder 85

53. Russell Sage 86

54. Group of Noses 88

55. High Cheek Bones 89

56. Love of Dancing 91

57. A Lazy Man _ 92

58. Contempt as Shown in Eyes ; Contempt and Anger

in Eyes 100

59. Happiness ; Despair 101

60. Language Sign in the Eye ; Deceitful Eyes 103

61. Bishop Potter's Eyes ; Prayerful Eyes 104

62. Humility ; Tactful Eye 105

63. Thieves' Eyes ; Madonna Eye 106

64. Coquette's Eye 107

65. Foreheads Compared; Another Comparison 112

66. The Seeing Ridge ; The Seer 113

67. Mark Twain ; The Reasoner 114

68. Foolish Forehead 116

69. Wrinkles of Intelligent Forehead 117

70. The Honest Head 118

71. The Dishonest Head 119

72. Head of Christ 121

73. An Outline of the Ear 122

74. Wm. Gladstone's Ear; Queen Victoria's Ear 124

75. Patti's Ear ; Plainer View of Patti's Ear 125

76. Selfishness 126

77. Stiff-Necked Person ; Conceit in Neck 129

78. Beautiful Neck 131

79. John L. Sullivan ; Dangerous Neck. 132

LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

80. Neck of Unreliable Husband; Neck of Reliable Hus-

band 133

81. Bishop McCabe 137

82. Theodore Roosevelt 138

83. Gen. U. S. Grant 143

84. Alfred Montgomery 144

85. Thomas A. Edison 147

86. Christopher Columbus 148

87. James Whitcomb Riley 151

88. Joseph Jefferson 152

89. Bishop Quayle 157

90. John Philip Sousa . . 158

91. Irregular Writing 174

92. Round and Pointed ; Large and Bold 175

93. Ornate or Ornamental ; Plain and Legible 177

94. Business Hand ; Rail Fence Writing 179

95. Murderer's Handwriting 180

%. Different Thumbs 183

97. Thumb Impressions 185

98. Map of the Hand 189

99. Palm Showing Mounts; Beaver-Tailed Finger Tips 193

100. The Fourteen Lines ; Various Kinds of Lines 200

101. Time and the Mounts 201

102. Blind Infatuation 210

103. The Perfect Man 231

104. The Map ; Aries, the Ram ; Taurus, the Bull 237

105. Gemini, the Twins ; Cancer, the Crab ; Virgo, the Vir-

gin ; Leo, the Lion •. \ 238

106. Scorpio, the Scorpion ; Libra, the Balance ; Sagittarius,

the Archer 239

107. Capricorn, the Sea Goat; Aquarius, the Water-Bearer ;

Pisces, the Fishes 240

108. Dr. Elwood Worcester 301

109. First Bertillon Measurement 401

110. Head Measurements 402

111. Ear Measurements 403

112. Trunk Measurements 404

Phrenological Chart. This chart shows the location of all the faculties known to the phrenologist.

Chapter I Temperament

Definition. — The word temperament comes from the Latin word tempero, condition, proportion, and its meaning, when applied to a human being, has come to be the physical and mental condition of the constitution.

The different kinds of temperaments are determined by the particular state of the individual constitution, depending upon the relative proportions of its different masses, and the relative energy of its different functions. Like the leaves of the trees, the petals of flowers, the blades of grass, or the beautiful snowflakes there are no two temperaments exactly alike, and in this respect temperaments carry out the great law of universal diversity and prove the infinity of God and Nature.

From Earliest Days Men Have Recognized the Temperaments. — Hippocrates, known as the "Father of Medicine, ,, divided the temperaments according to the different fluids found in the body. These are the blood, the phlegm, the yellow bile and the black bile, and the preponderance of any of these in an individual decided his "temperament. "

These four temperaments were called by Hippocrates the Sanguine, the Phlegmatic, the Choleric, the Melancholic. We are mentioning this fact that our readers may have a fuller and truer -comprehension of these terms, which by some persons are in use at the present day; and, they may be more fully denned as follows:

Sanguine, from sanguis, the blood; red, abounding with blood. Warm, ardent, confident.

Phlegmatic, from a Greek word meaning inflammation and another Greek word meaning to burn, hence the word must originally have meant the matter formed by suppuration (pus), i. e., cold, animal, fluid — dullness.

Choleric, from a Greek root-word meaning bile. Hence a person with an irritable disposition was said to have a "choleric temperament. ,, As a person whose system contains a superabundance of bile usually has an inflamed countenance, and as a "red face" is also indicative of anger, the ancients "put two and two together," and drew their own conclusions.

Melancholic means literally filled with black bile, and persons with a superabundance of that fluid in their make-up are usually despondent. Hence the "melancholic temperament" of Hippocrates.

Basis of Ancient Classification. — It will be seen that the ancients thus classified the most marked temperaments as depending upon the predominance of certain humors of the blood.

Modern Science has proved these theories erroneous, but the old terms are still frequently employed by the general public, and the terms typify exactly the same temperaments as in the ancient times, the modern scientist differing chiefly from his predecessor as to the causes and not the results.

Constitutional influences, then, were the bases of the conclusions of Hippocrates, but others of a more modern time base their delineations of character on what they call :

The Anatomical System of Temperaments, and, taking as a basis the three great divisions of the human body, viz. (1) The Motive or Mechanical System;

(2) The Vital, or Nutritive System, and (3) The Mental or Nervous System, classify the temperaments accordingly, as (1) The Motive, (2) The Vital,

(3) The Mental.

How Temperaments

are Determine d. — "Each of these temperaments is determined by the preponderance or size and form, of the class of organs from which, it takes its name."

The Motive is signified by a superior development of the osseous (bony) and muscular systems, because these form the locomotive or moving apparatus ; and, it corresponds with the bilious, osseous, choleric, melancholic and muscular classifications of the early writers.

Its component parts are the bones, the muscles, and the ligaments.

Mental Characteristics. — The "mental characteristics of the motive temperament are great executive, constructive, perceptive and knowing faculties. These

Mental Characteristics of the Motive Temperament.

include destructiveness, combativeness, constructiveness, individuality, size, weight, order, calculation, locality and firmness." The position or location of these different faculties in the brain is indicated on the chart, which appears at the beginning of this section.

The Human Body is like a great continent, and the location of all its various parts should be studied as one studies geography. Hence, we have prepared these very plain and intelligible charts, for the guidance of our readers.

The Vital Temperament is known by the superior development of the vital organs, the principal seat of which is in the trunk. These give vivacity or life to the whole. Great strength and endurance may be expected of this temperament.

Its component parts "are the blood vessels, the lymphatics and the

Mental Characteristics of the Vital Temperament.

glands, taking in, of course, the heart, the lungs, and the stomach. In other words, the nutritive functions of the entire system."

The Mental Characteristics, most prominent in the vital temperament, are Imagination, Sociability, Language, Human Nature, Amativeness, Conjugality, Vitativeness (love of life), Alimentiveness and Self-esteem. (See chart.)

The Mental Temperament is characterized by a superior development of the brain and the nervous system which, of course, is a direct extension of the lower portion (cerebellum) of the brain.

Its component parts are the brain, the lungs, the stomach, and the heart.

Mental Characteristics. — "The mental faculties that are strongly developed in this temperament," says a recent writer, "are Causality (the ability to determine the cause from the effect), Comparison, Human Nature, Benevolence Veneration, Conscientiousness, Hope, Spirituality, and Ideality." (Observe the location of these faculties on accompanying chart.)

To Read Character by a Knowledge of the Temperaments. — Nothing is of more value to an employer, or an employe, than the ability to read men and women by the outward signs of these inner conditions.

Mental Characteristics of the Mental Temperament.

A prospective employer has little or no opportunity ,of using the means of the phrenologist and examining the "bumps" on the head of a prospective employe. The person seeking work has even a smaller chance, but each may judge the other by a lightning glance through an exact knowledge of Physiognomy.

True equality of capital and labor is thus brought about, for each has an equal chance to judge of the capability and suitability of the other. Let us then go a little deeper into the characteristics of the "three primary temperaments which we have now learned are the Motive, the Vital, and the Mental. We wish to lay special stress upon the necessity of keeping these terms and their meaning clearly in mind, as in the chapters which follow there will be constant occasion to use them.

The inner man is mirrored by the outer man, and it is of the reflections upon this mirror, known tech-

The Dying Gladiator, illustrating Motive Temperment.

nically as the Human Physiognomy, that we shall write herein throughout our entire volume.

The Motive Temperament is indicated, first of all, by length of bone, and a tendency to sharp angles (see picture of Dying Gladiator, as given on this page). The face follows out the general rule, and is oblong and slender; the neck is long, the shoulders broad, the chest rather more flat than deep, and the abdomen developed in proportion. The arms and legs are long and tapering as also are the hands and feet. The features of the face are strongly marked, and their expression striking. The head is comparatively small and is round in shape. The picture of Abraham Lincoln given on page 27 shows him to have been an almost perfect example of the motive temperament.

Summary. — Summed up it may safely be said that the Motive Temperament is characterized as follows : Oblong face, head high and round, nose long and prominent, arms and legs long and tapering, '§ hands and feet in corresponding proportion.

This picture, the skeleton of a motive man, makes very apparent the length of bones found in persons of the motive temperament.

What May Be Expected from a Motive Temperaament? — Having learned the outward indications of the motive man, the question naturally arises — What can he best do? For what work is he best suited? This is the all-important question in an employer's mind, for instance, and it is to place in an employer's hands knowledge that will enable him to make a wise division of his men, thus getting the best out of each man, that many of these pages have been written.

Parents, Teachers, Lovers, Sweethearts — all classes

Skeleton of Motive Man.

of society cannot fail to be assisted by some knowledge of Physiognomy.

Capabilities of Motive Temperaments. — In this temperament we may expect great ease of action, love of physical exercise, capacity for hard work and long hours. Those in whom it predominates generally possess strongly-marked characters and are in a high degree capable of receiving and combining rapidly many and varied impressions.

Acknowledged Leaders. — "They are the acknowledged leaders and rulers of their particular circle, but are often carried away, bearing others with them, by the torrent of their own imaginations and passions," says another writer.

Temperament of Rare Talents. — This is the temperament of rare talents, also of great errors, great violence, great crimes. It is often marred, too, by an objectionable degree of coarseness and coldness of feeling.

The diseases common to this temperament are "rheumatism, indigestion, biliousness, liver complaint, gravel-stone, piles and joint troubles."

The Attributes of the Motive Temperament are muscular strength, endurance, grit and wiriness.

Abraham Lincoln as an Example. — All authorities agre.e that Abraham- Lincoln was by nature a striking example of the Motive Temperament. (See picture.) , He was known as the best rail-splitter in his part of the country, and rail-splitting, as every man who lived in Lincoln's day knows, was considered a great physical accomplishment. Later when the mental temperament came into greater evidence, Lincoln's muscles became softer than in youth, but he was fond, even in his presidential days, of exhibiting to special friends his ability to "split a rail."

Modern Occupations Suitable to the Motive Temperament. — Among the occupations to which the motive man is best adapted are "building, engineering, railroad construction, surveying, navigation." When combined with a sufficient degree of the mental, it is a temperament admirably adapted to public speaking, either in the pulpit or on the platform, its possessor swaying his auditors by his magnificent personal presence as well as the great and sturdy thoughts which naturally flow forth from a motive brain.

A Motive Mental Temperament. — Among noted women Susan B. Anthony is an excellent example (see picture on page 28) of the motive combined with the mental. She had a fine physique and was a very successful public speaker.

Motive persons should eat wheat, eggs, milk, graham bread, fruit and vegetables, salads, celery, lima beans, peas, onions and the dark meat of poultry and mutton. They will possibly not crave, but should eat more salad oil, cheese, oatmeal, butter, brazil nuts, peanuts, etc.