Readings in English history drawn from the original sources, intended to illustrate A short history of England

Preface

All intelligent teachers of history realize the desirability of having their students do more reading of history thari is contained in the text-book, and most of them agree that this is best found in records and writings cent emporary with the events being studied. But the practical problem of providing such readings for classes is by no means easy to solve. Those who have tried to procure the necessary number of copies of books, to discover English translations, to find applicable passages, and to make practicable requirements best know the difficulties of the task. I hope this book of readings frorrj the original sources of English history will help to overcome these obstacles. It provides in easily accessible form a body of such material as large as can be < dually utilized by most classes. It is intended to be used <'ib I close companion to my S/iort History of England. The matter contained in it is arranged in the same order as the subjects taken up in the text-book, and is selected with a view to the further explanation and illustration of the principal points there discussed. It differs also from previous collections in drawing on a somewhat iter variety of historical material, and in being, it is ;ved, the result of a more extensive and prolonged search for suitable illustrative passages.

1 have, of course, utilized the suggestions of earlier collectors of similar material, and take thi'^ opportunity iv Readings in English History

of acknowledging my indebtedness to the ingenuity and intelligence displayed by them in the discovery of certain illustrative documents. I have been constantly aided in the work of selection, translation, and editing by Dr. Helen Gertrude Preston of the Girls' High School of Philadelphia. Professor James Harvey Robinson, the editor of the series of which this volume is a part, through our long labors together over manuscript and proof, has often contributed the last and best wor.j of suggestion, advice, or decision.

EDWARD P. CHEYNEY

Chapter I— The Geography Of England

I. Accounts by Ancient Geographical Observers p^ge

1. Caesar's description of Britain 2

De Bella Gallico, Lib. v, c. 13.

2. Description by Diodorus Siculus 2

Library of His/ories, Lib. v, cc. 21, 22 ; trans, in Monumenta Historica Britannica, p. ii.

3. Tacitus' description 4

Agricola, cc. 10, 12.

4. Gildas' description 6

De Excidio Britanniae, Sect. 3 ; Giles, Six Old English Chroniclers, p. 299.

II. Accounts by Modern Observers

5. Paul Hentzner's description of the Downs 6

Travels in England, pp. 80 sq.

6. A modern iiistorian's interest 7

J. R. Green, The Making of England, pp. 8, 9-12.

Chapter II — Prehistoric And Celtic Britain

I. The First Contact of the Romans with the Britons

7. Cjesar's description of his first invasion 10

De Bella Gallico, Lib. iv, cc. 20-27.

8. Caesar's description of his second invasion 13

9. A letter from Cicero to Atticus, 54 b.c 14

R. Y. Tyrrell, Correspondence of Cicero, No. CXLIV.

10. A letter from Cicero to Atticus, 54 b.c 14

Ibid. No. CLIV.

PACK

IT. The Customs of tho Hritoiis

D* IWIlo GiiUiiVy Lib, v, cc. la, 14; lib. iv, c. ;?.

12. Stiuho's description of the Britons i6

(rVty*"''/'"'', l-ib, iv, Aloiiiimt'utii flistoricii BritanHica, pp. v» .»v.

ij. T.Kitiis' description of tlic Ihitons 18

Agncoiit, cc. u, I.'.

CHAPTER III — ROMAN imilAlN

1. The Conquest of Uritain

15. Outline of the eiirly campaigns 2.1

r.\t.iri's, Ai^riivia, cc. i?, 14.

16. The conquest of Anglesea and the revolt of lH>.ulice.i , j j

r.\i iri's, AhmiuVs, Lib. xiv, cc. ^\ j^?-^^.

II. The Organization and Oefense of the Froviiire

17. The administration of Agricola -H>

'r.\t."rrus, . f_*,-/7Vi>/.i, cc. 3j, 21. i ;. iS. The building of the wall, A. IV i.'o jS

10. A visit of the Kmpen^r Severus, .v.n. joS-jii .... 28 Mkkoimam's, Lib. iii, c. 46; Monutttfnta Historica liritoH- Ht\\t, pp. Ixiii .vy.

10. The officials of the empire in Hritain jo

21. Inscriptions from Roman Britain 31

I'homas Wkic.ht. Thf iV.V. t'tf A'i-w.in. un,/ thf Saxon, pp. ij;, 317. jJts j5h^<.

22. British signers at the Christi..m church couircil at .\rles,

III. Lixter Roman Britain

23. An account of the ravaging of Roman Britain . . . . J2

GiLDAS, Df /■r,v»-»«//f Brit.iHHiM, Sects. 14-^4, in A".» OiJ EH^.'is/t CAivMi-Urs, pp. 303-311; trans, by J. A. Giles.

Contents vii

PAOE

24- The ruins of the city of Kath • • 33

Co'/K and Tinkkk, Translations from Old English Poetry, pp. 56-57 ; trans, by CFiauncey B. Tinker.

Chapter IV — Early Saxon England

I. The Anglo-Saxon Settlements

25. Gilda.s' account of the settlements 35

De Excidio liritanniae, .Sects. 23, 26 ; Six Old English Chroniclers, pp. 310, 313; trans, by J. A. Giles.

26. Bede's account of the settlement 37

Ecclesiastical History of England, Lib. i, c. xv ; ed. and trans, by J. A. Giles, pp. 23-25.

27. Extracts from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 39

Trans, by J. A. Giles, pp. 309-312.

II, The New Race

28. The Germans at home 41

Tacitus, Germania, cc. 4-16, in Translations and Reprints, University of Pennsylvania, Vol. VI, No. 3; trans, by Arthur C. Howland.

29. A feast in the hall 44

Beowulf, .Sect. 9, lines 1226-1267; adapted from Benjamin Thorpe.

30. Anglo-Saxon charm 45

Cook and Tinkek, Specimens of Old English Poetry, p. 167 ; trans, by W. O. Stevens.

III. The Conversion to Christianity

y. Scene in the market place at Rome 46

Bede, Ecclesiastical History, Lib. ii, c. i ; trans, by J. A. Giles, p. 67.

32. The arrival of Augustine 47

33. Missions in Northumbria 49

34. The conversion of Ea.st Anglia 52

Ibid. Lib. ii, c. 15 ; Lib. iii, c. 18; Giles, pp. 98, 137.

35. Description of Cacdmon 53

Ibid. Lib. iv, c. 24, in Cook and 'Y\iiKv.K,Translations from Old English Poetry, pp. 180-182 ; trans, by A. S. Cook.

36. A selection from the Exodus, a poem in imitation of

Caedmon

Cook and Tinker, Translations from Old English Poetry, pp. 118-119; trans, by Henry S. Canby.

viii Readings in English History

PAGE

37. A letter from Charles the Great to Offa, king of

Mercia ^6

Haddan and Stubbs, Vol. Ill, pp. 496 sq.

Chapter V — Later Saxon England

I. The Attack of the Danes

38. A letter from Alcum to the Kentishmen 57

Haddan and Stubbs, Vol. Ill, p. 510.

39. Extracts from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 787-882 . . 59

Bede, Ecclesiastical History and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, pp. 341-357; trans, by J. A. Giles.

n. Alfred and the Life of his Times

40. From Asser's Life of Alfred 63

Six Old English Chroniclers, pp. 51-77 ; trans, by J. A. Giles.

41. Dialogue between a teacher and pupils 69

Colloquium yElfrici, in Klipstein, Analecta Anglo-Saxonica, Vol. I, pp. 195-214.

42. Rectititdines Singulartim Personarum 73

Thorpe, Ancient Laws atid Institutes, Vol. I, p. 434.

43. The battle of Brunanburh 74

Cook and Tinker, Translations from Old English Poetry, pp. 26-30 ; trans, by Alfred Tennyson.

in. The Political Organization of England

44. A meeting of a shire moot 77

Thorpe, Diplomatarium Anglicanum, pp. 336 sqq.

45. Ordinance of King Edgar for the meeting of the hun-

dred, borough, and shire courts, about a.d. 975 ... 78 Thorpe, Ancient Laws and histitutes of England, Vol. I, p. 258 ; trans, by Benjamin Thorpe.

46. Rules for the ordeal of iron 79

Concilium Greatanlea, can. vii and viii in Harduin, Acta Concilioru>n, Vol. VI, pt. I, col. 569.

47. Extracts from the Dooms of Alfred 80

Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes of England, Vol. I, PP- 49-97-

CHAPTER VI— THE DANISH AND THE NORMAN CONQUESTS L The Danish Conquest

48. Extracts from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 991-1031 . . S3

Bede, Ecclesiastical History and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, pp. 389-412; trans, by J. A. Giles.

Contents ix

PAGE

49. Account from the Z//^ (7/" J^. Oswald 85

Vita Sancti Oswaldi, Atictore Anonymo, R. S., Vol. 71, pt. i, pp. 455 sq.

50. Account from Adam of Bremen 86

Pertz, Scriptores, Vol. VII, pp. 324 sq.

51. Letter from Cnut sent from Rome to the English people 87

Florence of Worcester, Chronicle; trans, by Thomas Forester, pp. 137 sqq.

II. The Norman Conquest

52. The events that led to the invasion 90

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regtttn Anglorum , R. S., Vol. 90, pt. I, p. 278.

53. Preparations for the invasion of England 95

Wace, Roman de Ron., pp. 117-120, 127-128; trans, by Edgar Taylor.

54. The battle of Hastings 98

William of Poitou in Scriptores Normannortim Historiae, pp. 201 sq.

55. Ravages in the north loi

Symeonis Monachi Historia Res^um, R. S., Vol. 75, pt. 2, p. 188.

CHAPTER VII — ENGLAND UNDER THE NORMANS I. Immediate Results of the Conquest

56. Description of the Normans 102

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, R. S., Vol. 90, pt. 2, p. 306.

57. Grants of lands to Norman nobles and knights . . . 103

Ordericus \ it a-l\s, Historia Ecclesiastica Angliae Normanjiiae, Book IV, chap, vii ; trans, by T. Forester, Vol. II, pp. 47-50-

58. Edict concerning the wager of battle 105

Thorpe, Ancient Laws and histitntes of England, Vol. I, p. 488.

59. Coronation oath of William 105

Florence of Worcester, Chronicle ; trans, by Thomas Forester, p. 171.

60. William's grant of liberties to London 105

Liber Custumarum, R. S., Vol. 122, pt. i, pp. 25-26. 6t. William's grant of liberties to an abbey 106

Chronicon Monasterii de Abingdon. R. S., Vol. 2, pt. i, p. i. 62. Making of the New Forest 106

Ordericus Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, Book X, chap, xiv; trans, by T. Forester, Vol. Ill, p. 260.

X Readings in Etiglish History

PAGE

63. A description of William 107

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, year 1087 ; Bede and the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle, pp. 461-463; trans, by J. A. Giles.

II. William and the Church

64. Strengthening of the church courts 109

Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes of England, Vol. I, p. 495.

65. Letter to Pope Gregory about 1076 no

Ellis, Original Letters, Series III, Vol. I, No. IX.

66. William's rules in church matters no

Eadmer of Canterbury, Historia Novormn in Anglia, R. S., Vol. 81, p. 10.

III. Domesday Book

67. The decree for drawing up Domesday Book, and the

Salisbury Oath 11 1

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, yearsjo8ei-ioS6; Bede and the Anglor Saxon Chronicle, pp. 458-459 ; trans, by J. A. Giles.

68. The form of inquisition for Domesday Book . . . . 112

Liber Eliensis, Domesday Book, Vol. IV, p. 497.

69. Extracts from Domesday Book 113

Domesday Book, Vol. II, fo. 330 b., fo. 304.

IV. William II and Lanfranc

70. The promises and bad actions of William Rufus . . . 115

Eadmer, Historia Novortim in Anglia, R.S., Vol. 81, pp. 25, 26.

71. William's boldness of spirit 116

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum, R. S., Vol. 90, pt- 2, p. yji-

72. List of relics in York minster about 1200 117

Historians of the Church of York, R. S., Vol. 71, pt. 3, pp. 106 sqq.

V. The Reign of Henry I

73. The coronation charter of Henry I 121

Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes of England, Vol. I, pp. 497-502.

74. The canonization of Edward the Confessor 123

WiLKiNS, Concilia, Vol. I, p. 419.

75. Letter of Henry I to Anselm, archbishop of Canter-

bury 124

Anselm^s Letters, torn. 159, pp. iii-xii ; ed. by Migne.

76. Letter from Pope Paschal II to Henry I 126

Eadmer, Historia Novorum, R. S., Vol. 81, pp. 134-136.

Contents xi

PAGE

77. The compromise concerning investitures 127

Eadmer, Historia Novorum, R. S., Vol. 81, p. 186.

VI. Stephen and the Anarchy

78. A description of the anarchy under Stephen .... 128

A7iglo-Saxon Chronicle, years 1135-1137; Bede and the Anglo-Saxo7i Chronicle, pp. 501-504 ; trans, by J. A. Giles.

79. Seizure of the monastery at Ramsey by Geoffrey de

Mandeville 130

William of Newburgh, Historia Rerum Anglicamm, R. S., Vol. 82, pt. I, pp. 45-46.

VII. FeudaHsm

80. Feudal rules for reliefs 131

Leges Guliehni Co7tqiicsto7-is, XX, De Releviis ; Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes, Vol. I, p. 475.

81. Duties of lords and vassals 132

Leges He7irici Pri/ni, LXXXII, 3, 4; LV, i, 2, 3; Ibid, pp. 552, 590.

82. Acknowledgments of feudal service due to the king . 133

Red Book of the Exchequer, R. S., Vol. 99, pt. i, pp. 233, 400.

83. Records of tenants and subtenants 134

Rotuli Nundrcdorum, Vol. I, pp. 253, 278.

84. Wardship, marriage, and relief 134

Thomas Madox, History and A7itiquities of the Exchequer, p. 221.

85. An instance of payment of relief 135

86. Guarantee of a feudal court to a monastery .... 135

Chro7iico7i Mo7iasterii de Abi7igdo7i, R. S., Vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 165.

87. Confiscation and regrant of a fief 136

Rotuli Hu7idredorum, Vol. II, p. 783.

Chapter VIII — Foundations Of National Unity

I. Henry II and his Reforms

88. A personal description of Henry II 137

GiRALDus Cambrensis, R. S., Vol. 21, pt. 5, pp. 302-306.

89. Removal of the mercenaries and resumption of estates 139

William of Newburgh, Historia Rerum Anglicarum, R. S., Vol. 82, pt. 1, pp. 101-105, xii Readings in English History

PAGE

90. Extracts from the Assize of Clarendon 141

Stubbs, Select Charters, pp. \^-^sqq.

91. Extracts from the Assize of Arms 143

Chronica Roger de Hoveden, R. S., Vol. 51, pt. 2, p. 261.

II. The Struggle with Thomas

92. Thomas as chancellor 144

William Fitzstephen, Vita St. Thomae, R. S., Vol. 67. pt. 3, pp. 18-25.

93. The struggle between the archbishop and the king, and

the council at Clarendon 145

Chronica Roger de Hoveden, R. S., Vol. 51, pt. i, pp. 219-222.

94. Extracts from the Constitutions of Clarendon . . . 148

Stubbs, Select Charters, pp. 137 sqq.

95. An appeal to the pope 151

Alan of Tewksbury, Vita St. Thomae, R. S., Vol. 67, pt. 2, PP- 336-341-

96. The murder of Thomas 155

Edward Grim, R. S., Vol. 67, pt. 2, pp. 435 sqq.

97. The penance of the king 158

Ralph of Diceto, Ymagines Historiaritm, R. S., Vol. 68, pt. I, p. 383.

98. The canonization of Thomas 159

Letter of the pope to Albert and Theodwine, legates to England ; Life of St. Thomas, R. S , Vol. 67, pt. 7, pp. 544 sqq.

99. Some miracles of St. Thomas 160

Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, R. S., Vol. 67, pt. I, pp. 145 sqq.

III. Giraldus Cambrensis and the Conquest of Ireland

100. Extracts from the autobiography of Giraldus Cam-

brensis 164

R. S., Vol. 21, pt. I, pp. 21 sqq.

10 1. Stories about Ireland 168

Giraldus Cambrensis, Tofographia Hibernica, R. S., Vol. 21, pt. 5, pp. 26 sqq.

102. Extracts from The Story of Dermot and the Earl . . 169

IV. Richard I and the Third Crusade

103. Scene at the burial of Henry II 171

Gesta Regis Henrici Secundi, R. S., Vol. 49, pt. 2, p. 71.

104. The character of King Richard 172

Itinerariiim Regis Ricardi, Lib. ii, c. 5 ; trans, by T. A. Archer, The Crusade of Richard I, p. 6.

Contents xiii

PAGE

105. Ordinances of Richard for order of the crusading fleet

given at Chinon, June, 1190 173

Roger de Hoveden, III, 35 ; trans, by T. A. Archer, The Crusade of Richard I, p. 8.

106. The penitence of Richard in Sicily 174

Roger de Hoveden, III, 74; trans, by T. A. Archer, Ibid, pp. 39 sqq.

107. A fight with the Saracens in the march from Acre to

Caesarea, August 25, 1191 175

Itinerarhim Ricardi, Lib. iv, c. 7 ; trans, by T. A. Archer, Ibid. pp. 134-138.

V. The Reign of John

108. The laying of the interdict 177

Annals of Waverley, R. S., Vol. 36, pt. 2, p. 260.

109. The conspiracy of the barons 179

Roger of Wendover, Chronica Majora, Vol. 2, pp. 303-324; trans, by J. A. Giles.

1 10. Extracts from the Great Charter 182

Stubbs, Select Charters, pp. 2()6 sqq.

Chapter IX — The Formation Of A United English Nation

I. The Universities

111. College and university rules 188

Muninieiita Acadeiiiica Oxonica, R. S., Vol. 50, pt. i, pp. 58 sqq.

112. Endowment of loans to students and masters .... igo

Ibid. pp. 82 sqq.

113. Contests between students in Oxford 191

Chronicon Hcnrici Knighton, R. S., Vol. 92, pt. 2, p. 309.

114. Contests in Cambridge 192

James F. Willard, The Royal Authority; Coroners' Rolls, No. 23, App., p. 84.

1 1 5. Protection of churchmen from death through their

ordination 191

Richard of Bury, Philobiblon, chap. iv.

116. A letter asking papal privileges 194

Letters from Northern Registers, R. S., Vol. 61, p. 122.

II. The Monasteries

117. Occurrences in the history of St. Albans 195

xiv Readings in English History

PAGB

118. Occurrences in the history of St. Edmunds 201

Jocelin of Brakelond, pp. i, 11, 21 ; trans, by T. E. Tomlins.

119. Account of the origin of the Cistercians 205

William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, Lib. iv, R. S., Vol. 90, pt. 2, pp. 380 sqq.

III. Towns and Gilds

120. Charter given to the city of Lincoln about 1160 . . . 208

Rymer, Foedera, Vol. I, p. 40.

121. Ordinances of the spurriers of London 209

Riley, Memorials of London, pp. 226 sqq.

122. Extracts from ordinances of the white-tawyers of

London 211

IV. Rural Life

123. Survey of a rural village 212

Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Vol. I, pp. 505-513.

124. Services of a villein tenant 215

Citsttimals of Bait le Abbey, pp. 19-22 ; pub. by The Camden Society.

V. Conflicts between Henry III and the Barons

125. Summons of a noble to a Great Council 217

Lords'' Report on the Dignity of a Peer, Vol. II, p. 68.

126. A meeting of the Great Council in 1242 218

Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora, R. S., Vol. 57, pt. 4, pp. 181 sqq.

127. An incident in the life of Simon de Montfort .... 221

128. The battle of Lewes, 1264 222

William Rishanger, Chronica, R. S., Vol. 114, pp. 25 sqq.

VI. The Reign of Edward I

129. Personal description of Edward I 226

130. Summons of representatives of the counties and towns

to parliament 227

Lords'' Report on the Dignity of a Peer, Vol. II, p. 66.

131. Early riots against the Jews at London 227

William of Newburgh, R. S., Vol. 82, pt. i, pp. 294 sqq.

132. The expulsion of the Jews 230

• John de Trokelowe, R. S., Vol. 115, p. 57.

• Contents xv

PAGE

133. Decision in favor of John Balliol 231

William Rishanger, Chronica, R. S., Vol. 114, pp. 135- 136.

134. The battle of Bannockburn 232

Chroiiicon Galfridi le Baker de Stvynebroke, pp. 7-8 ; ed. by E. M. Thompson.

Chapter X — The First Half Of The Hundred Years' War

I. The Early Occurrences of the War

135. The beginning of the war 233

Froissart, Chronicles, Bk. I, chaps. 5, 35, 36, 43, 50 ; trans, by John Bourchier, Lord Earners.

136. Challenge of Edward III to Philip of Valois .... 240

Continnatio Chronicariim Adae Mtirimtiih, R. S., Vol. 93, pp. 111-112; ed. and trans, by E. M. Thompson.

137. Reply of King Philip 241

138. The battle of Crecy 242

Froissart, Chronicles, Bk. I, chap. 130; trans, by John Bourchier, Lord Berners.

II. The Culmination of the Reign of Edward III

139. Establishment of the Order of the Garter by Edward III 246

Continuatio Chronicarum Adae Murimuth, R. S., Vol. 93, pp. 155-156.

140. Extracts from the Treaty of Bretigny 247

E. CoSNEAU, Les Grands Traites de la Guerre de Cent Ans, pp. 39-68.

141. Proclamation favoring archery 249

Rymer, Foedera, Hague ed., Vol. Ill, pt. 2, p. 79.

III. The Quarrel over Appointments from Rome

142. The evils of appointments of foreigners 250

3 Rich. II, c. 3, Statutes of the Realm, Vol. II, p. 14

143. Prohibition of obtaining appointments from the pope . 251

12 Rich. II, c. 15, Statutes of the Realm, Vol. II, p. 60.

144. A statute of praemunire, 1393 251

16 Rich. II, c. 5, Statutes of the Realm, Vol. Ill, p. 84.

145. A Welsh clergyman seeking appointment from Rome,

1402 252

Adam of Usk, Chronicon, pp. 196 sqq.

XVI

Readings 2?i Etiglish Histoiy^

^IV. The Black Death and its Effects

146. The effects of the pestilence 255

Chronicon Hetirici Kttighion, K. S., Vol. 92, pt. 2, pp. 61 sgq. : trans, by W. J. Ashley.

147. A campaign after the renewal of the war 257

Walsingham, Hisioria Anglicann, R. S., Vol. 116, pt. i P-3IS-

V. The Political and the Social Struggle

148. The Good Parliament 258

149. The grant of the first poll tax, 1377 260

Rotiili Parliatneniorii7)i, Vol. II, p. 3O4.

150. A sermon of John Ball 260

Froissart, Chronicles, chap. 3S1 ; trans, by John Bourchier, Lord Berners.

\,' 151. The peasants' rising at London 261

Chronicon Henrici Knighton, R. S., Vol. 92, pt. 2, pp. 131- 150.

152. Trial of a rebel 265

Edgar Powell, The Rising in East Anglia, App. II, pp. 126, 127.

VI. Wycliffe and the Lollards

153. A contemporary account of Wycliffe 267

Chronicon Henrici Knighton, R. S., Vol. 92, pt. 2, pp. 151, 152.

1 54. Extracts from one of WycUffe's tracts 267

Arnold, Select Works of John Wycliffe, Vol. Ill, p. 433.

155. A statement of Lollard belief 268

Chronicon Henrici Knighton, R. S., Vol. 92, pt. 2, p. 174.

1 56. Two anecdotes of the Lollards 269

157. Execution of a Lollard 271

Capgrave, Chronicle of England, R. S., Vol. i, p. 297.

VII. The English Language and Literature

158. A law for English to be used in the law courts . . . 272

36 Edward III, stat. i, c. 15, Statutes of the Realm, Vol. I, P- 375-

159. Change of customs from French to English, 1385 . . 273

Ralph Higden. Folychronicon, trans, by John of Trevisa; Morris and Skeat, Specimens of Early English, Vol. II, pp. 240-242.

160. Extract from Chaucer's Prologue to the Canterbury Tales 274

W. W. Skeat, Complete Works of Chaucer, Vol. IV, pp. 9-10, lines 285-309.

Contents xvii

PAGE

i6i. Extract from Chaucer's Treatise on the Astrolabe,

1391 275

W. W. Skeat, Complete Works of Chaucer, Vol. Ill, pp. 175-176, lines 1-15, 35-45.

162. A visit of Froissart to England in 1395 276

FROissART,CAro«ic/^.f,Vol.II,chap. 196; trans. by John Bourchier, Lord Berners.

163. The claim of the duke of Lancaster to the throne . 278

Walsingham, Hisloria Anglicana, R. S., Vol. 116, pt. 2, p. 237.

CHAPTER XI — THE HOUSES OF LANCASTER AND YORK I, The Growth of the Powers of Parliament

164. Conditional grant of taxes, 1348 279

Rotuli Parliameniorum, Vol. II, p. 201.

165. The first instance of impeachment, 1376 280

166. Freedom of speech in parliament in the case of

Thomas Haxey 282

Ibid. Vol. Ill, p. 434.

II. Rising of Glendower and Renewal of the French War

167. A letter from Wales to the king, 1403 283

Ellis, Original Letters, Series II, Vol. I, pp. ly sq.

168. Letter from Prince Henry to his father, 1405 . . . 283

Ibid. pp. 39 sqq.

169. Dispute between French and English 284

Juvenal des Ursins, Histoire de Charles VI, in MiCHAUD, Noiivelle Collection des Memoir es relatifs h V histoire de France, Vol. II, pp. 500-506.

170. Speech of Henry V before the battle of Agincourt . 286

Gesta Henrici, in F. H. Durham, English History from Original Sources, Vol. Ill, pt. i, p. 48.

171. Account of the battle of Agincourt 286

Capgrave, Chronicle of Ettgland, R. S., Vol. i, pp. 311-312.

172. Extracts from the Treaty of-Troyes, 1420. . . . 287

E. Cosneau, Les Grands Traites de la Guerrf de Cent Ans, pp. 103-112.

xviii Readings in English History

PAGB

173. Arrangements of Henry V on his deathbed .... 288

Thomas Elmham, Vita Henrici Quinti, in F. H. Durham, English History from Original Sources, Vol. Ill, pt. i, p. 66.

III. Joan of Arc and the Close of the Hundred Years'

War

174. Account of Joan's mission and the rehef of Orleans . 289

Chronicles of Ejignerrand de Mo?tstrelei, Book II, chaps. 57, 59; trans, by Thomas Johnes, Vol. I, pp. 550-553.

175. Letter sent by Joan to the English commander . . . 292

QuiCHERAT, Prods de Condemnation de Jeanne d''Arc, Vol. I, pp. 240-241.

176. Extracts from the testimony of Joan on her trial . . . 293

177. Expulsion of the English from France 296

Jehan de Waurin, Recueil des Croniques, R. S., Vol.39, pt. 5, p. 193.

IV. The Wars of the Roses

178. The character of Henry VI 296

Blakman, Dc Virtjttibtis et Miraculis Henrici Sexti, in F. H. Durham, English History from Original Sources, Vol. Ill, pt. 2, p. 79.

179. The battle of Blore Heath 297

Chronicle of Hetiry VI, p. 80; ed. by J. S. Davies ; pub. by The Camden Society.

180. Typical execution after the battle of St. Albans . . . 298

Jehan de Waurin, Recueil des Croniques, R. S., Vol. 39, pt. 5, pp. 329 sq.

V. The Reigns of Edward IV and Richard III

181. Seizure of the throne by Edward IV 299

Register of Bishop Wheihainstede, R. S., Vol. 113, pt. i, pp. 404-405.

182. The invention of benevolences 300

Fabyan, Concordence of Hi star ie, in F. H. Durham, English History from Original Sources, Vol. Ill, pt. 2, p. 92.

183. The wealth of Edward IV 301

Contifiuation of Croyland Chronicle, Ibid. p. 93.

184. The rise of Richard III 301

Thomas More, The Historie of Kyng Richarde the Thirde, pp. 45-116.

Contents xix

CHAPTER XII — THE EARLY TUDOR PERIOD I. Henry VII and his Policy page

185. Extracts from account book of Henry VII, 1497-1501 306

Samuel Bentley, Excerpta Historica, pp. 85-133. London, 1833.

186. Account of the voyage of John Cabot to America . .311

(Letter from Soncino to the duke of Milan, from England, December 18,1497.) Original Narratives of Early American History, Vol. II, pp. 425-429 ; trans, by Charles Deane and B. H. Nash.

187-190. Letters from Erasmus concerning England . . . 314

F. M. Nichols, The Epistles of Erasmus, pp. 225-226, 215, 38S, 201.

191. Letter from Erasmus to a friend in England .... 316

J. S. Brewer, The Reign of Henry VHI, Vol. I, p. 239.

192. Extracts from More's Utopia 318

In Ideal Coynmoiiweaniis, pp. 54 sqq. ; ed. by Henry Morley.

193. Extracts from Dialogue between Cardinal Pole and

Thomas Liipset 326

Ed. by Cowper ; pub. by The Early English Text Society, PP- 134-136-

194. Caxton's difficulties with the English language . . . 328

Prologue to Eneydos, 1490, pp. 1-3 ; pub. by The Early English Text Society.

II. Henry VIIL

195. A description of the king in 1 519 330

Sebastian Giustiniani to the Senate, Calendar of State Papers, Venetian, Vol. II, p. 559; translation modified.

196. Anecdotes concerning Henry VIII and Sir Thomas

More 331

Roper, Life of More, Camelot Series, Vol. XII, pp. \\sqq ; ed. by M. Adams.

197. Letter from Richard Pace to Cardinal Wolsey, concern-

ing Henry's book against Luther 333

Ellis, Original Letters, Series II, Vol. I, p. 286.

198. Extract from satirical poem against Wolsey .... 334

John Skelton, Why come ye not to Court?

HI. The Early Stages of the Reformation

199. A love letter from Henry to Anne Boleyn 336

Harleian Miscellany, Vol. I, pp. 189 sq.

XX Readings in English History

FAGB

200. Opening scene at the court of the legates at Blackfriars 337

Cavendish, Life of Cardinal Wolsey, pp. 11 5-1 16.

201. Extracts from the Submission of the Clergy, 1532 . . 340

Gee and Hardy, Docu^nents illustrative of the History of the English Churchy pp. 176-178.

202. Extract from the first Act of Annates, 1532 .... 341

203. Extracts from the Statute of Appeals, 1533 342

204. Extracts from the Act of Supremacy, 1534 343

205-206. Two letters from the commissioners for the dissolution of the monasteries, 1535, 1538 345

Letters relating to the Suppression of the Monasteries, pp. 85-86, 221-223; P^^- ^y T^^ Camden Society.

207. Extracts from Roper's Life of Mo7-e 347

Printed with More, Utopia, Camelot Series, pp. 43-61.

IV. The Reign of Edward VI

208. Rapid religious changes in London 351

Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London, pp. 54-67 ; pub. by The Camden Society.

209. More's remarks on the inclosures 353

Utopia, Book I, Camelot Series, pp. 89-90.

V. The Reign of Queen Mary

210. A description of Queen Mary 355

Report of Giovanni Michele to the Venetian senate, 1557, in Ellis, Original Letters, Series II, Vol. II, p. 236.

211. Execution of Lady Jane Grey 356

Chronicle of Queen Jane and Queen Mary, pp. 55-59; pub. by The Camden Society.

2X2. Two executions for heresy 358

Fox, Book of Martyrs, Book XI, Sect. ix.