Analysis of the urine, with special reference to the diseases of the genito-urinary organs

Front matter

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yNITED vSTATES OF AMERICA.

CHAPTER I. Histology of the Urinary Organs

1. The Kidneys .......

. 19

Urinary Tubules .....

Blood-vessels of the Kidneys ....

. 24

Nerves of the Kidney .....

2. The Excretory Ducts . . . . .

. 26

Ureters, Kidney-pelvis, and Calices .

Urinary Bladder ......

. 27

Male Urethra ......

Female Urethra ......

. 29

CHAPTER III. The Urine

A. A General Description .

B. Physical Characteristics

1. Amount

3. Solid Ingredients .

4. Consistence

5. Color

6. Transparency and Fluorescence

7. Odor

8. Reaction

C. Chemical Composition .

a. Normal Organic Constituents

1. Urea .

3. Coloring Matters

35 35 36

TABU

D

PAGE a. Urobiline ......

. 64

&. Urine-Indican ......

4. Other Normal Organic Constituents .

. n

. N rraal Inorganic Constituents ....

. rs

2. Phosphates .......

a. Earthy Phosphates ....

. 77

0. Alkali Phosphates ....

. 82 c. Abnormal Constituents .....

Xitric Acid Test .....

-

Boiling Test ......

. 89

[a.] Peptone .....

Potasseo-mercuric Iodide Test, for

. 99

Picric Acid Test, for ....

Sodium. Tungstate Test, for

. 102

Potassium Ferrocyanide Test, for

Metaphosphoric Acid Test, for .

. 102

Heller's Test

. 105

Mulder's Test .....

Oliver's Test Papers .....

. 107

Trommer's Test ......

Robert's Test ......

. 109

Bottger's Test .....

Picric Acid Test .....

. 112

I's Method of Approximative Determination

Inosite ......

. 120

3. Leucine and Tyrosine ....

4 Abnormal Coloring Matters ....

. 125 a. Uroerythrine .....

/3. Vegetable Coloring Matters

. 127

7. Blood Coloring Matters

8. Biliary Coloring Matters ....

. 131

5. The Bile Acids ....

6. Carbonate of Ammonium

. 140

9 .Iphuretted Hydrogen ....

8. Accidental Constituents ....

. 143

Tie Sediment .......

Urine Fermentation ......

. 146

Classification of the Sediment ....

a. The Unorganized Sediment ....

. 151

2. Urate of Ammonium ....

. 153

4 Calcium Oxalate . . ,

. 155

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

5. Cystine

.

6. Leucine and Tyrosine

. 158

7. Fat

.

.

. 161

9. Magnesium Phosphates

.

10. Triple Phosphates .

.

. 164

11. Calcium Carbonate

.

b. The Organized Sediment

.

. 165

1. Mucus .

.

2. Epithelium

.

. 167

3. Pus-corpuscles (Donne's

Test)

4. Blood-corpuscles .

.

. 171

5. Cylinders

.

6. Fungi

.

. 179

7. Spermatozoa .

.

8. Cancer Elements .

. 184

9. Entozoa

.

Addenda.

CRETIONS ....

• • •

. 189

Analysis of the Concretions .

CHAPTER IV. Reagents and Apparatus for the Approximative Determination of

the Urine Constituents ...... 197

Chapter V

Quantitative Determination of a few of the Constituents of Urine ......

I. Estimation of the Degree of Acidity . Estimation of the Solid Matters .

Estimation of Urea ....

1. Liebig's Method

2. Bunsen's Method

3. Knop-Hiifner's Method * .

Determination of Uric Acid .

Determination of Creatinine Determination of the Total Amount of Nitrogen Determination of Albumen Determination of Sugar

1. Fehling's Method .

2. Knapp's Method

III

rv.

v.

VI.

VII.

VIII.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

IX. Determination of Chlorine X. Determination of Phosphoric Acid . XI. Determination of Sulphuric Acid

CHAPTER VI. Key to the Approximative Analysis of the Urine Chemical Investigation

A. Nitric Acid ....

B. Heat Test

C. Test for the Normal Coloring Matters of the Urine

D. Test for the Normal Inorganic Salts of the Urine

E. Further Tests for Abnormal Matters

F. Investigation of the Sediment .

PAGK

219 221 223

224 224 224 225

227 227 227 227

Chapter VII

or Des

CHAPTER VIII. Diagnosis of the Diseases of the Urinary Apparatus

A. True Albuminuria

1. Hyperemia of the Kidney

2. Parenchymatous Nephritis .

a. Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis .

a. Catarrh of the Urinary Tubules,

phritis . j8. Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis

b. Chronic Parenchymatous Nephritis

3. Interstitial Nephritis

a. Hyperplastic Interstitial Nephritis —

ney — Genuine Kidney Atrophy

b. Suppurative Interstitial Nephritis .

4. Amyloid Kidney

B. Forms of Mixed Albuminuria

1. Pyelitis . . ■ .

a. Acute Pyelitis

b. Chronic Pyelitis .

c. Pyelitis Calculosa .

d. Pyelitis Tuberculosa

2. Hematuria

3. Cysto-Pyelitis and Pyelo-Cystitis

C. Forms of False Albuminuria .

1. Cystitis— Bladder-Catarrh

2. New Growths in the Bladder

3. Bladder-Stone.

4. Diseases of the Urethra and Prostate Description of Ultzmann's Saccharimeter

APPENDICES .....

proper

Cirrhosis of the quamative

Ne-

Kid-

241 242 242 245 245

247 249 251