A system of surgery

Front matter

Glass.

Book

COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT

Preface To The Fifth Edition

The demand for a fifth edition of this work has given great satisfaction to its author. He has endeavored in the following pages by many emendations to render this book more worthy the confidence of the profession than its predecessors, as well as a fair exponent of the <c Surgery of the Present."

A writer and lecturer in any department of science, after years of constant labor, may become so familiar with his subject that he may assume for his readers certain elementary knowledge, and thus produce a work which, though intelligible to the advanced student, is not entirely comprehended by the beginner. This is the fault of many text books. In the present edition the author has endeavored to remember that he is writing for the first course student as well as the graduate, and has tried wherever possible to insert here and there a little of the literature of surgery (than which no more interesting subject exists), to relieve the monotony of detail, and the bare statement of facts. Whether these efforts have been successful remains to be determined.

In conclusion, the author returns thanks to Dr. F. S. Fulton for his excellent Chapter on " Trachelbrraphy," to Messrs. William Wood & Co., of New York, for the use of engravings ; and to the cutlers Tieman & Co., and John Reynders & Co., of New York, and William Snowden, of Philadelphia, for their trouble and generosity in supplying the book with electrotypes of instruments and apparatuses.

Thanksgiving Day, New York, November 25th, 1886. 299 Madison Avenue.

Chapter I

Cleanliness — Instruments — Ligatures — Various Articles used in Dressing — Tents — Incisions — Hypodermic Medication — The Aspirator — Paquelin's Thermo-Cautery — Galvano-Puncture — Galvano-Cautery — Electrolysis, . . . 33-60

CHAPTEE II.

Disinfectants and Antiseptics.

Antiquity of Disinfection — Cleanliness — Charcoal — Lime — Ashes — Earth — Smoke — Collins's Disinfecting Fluid — Thompson's Deodorizer — Heat — Coffee — Bromine — Ozone — Iodine — Nitrate of Lead — Chlorine — Chloride of Zinc — Chloride of Lime — Labarraque's Solution — Permanganate of Potash — Nitrous Fumigations — Tar Acids, 61-70

CHAPTEE III.

Anaesthesia.

Ether — Discovery of Anaesthesia — Inhalers — Ether by the Rectal Method — Chloroform — Symptoms of Danger — Death — Nitrous Oxide — Bichloride of Methylene — Bromide of Ethyl — Sickness and Death from Anaesthesia — Local Anaesthesia — Richardson's Apparatus — Anaesthetic Ether — Hydrate of Amyl — Hydramyi — Anaesthetic Mixtures for Small Operations — Hydrochlorate of Cocaine, . 70-86

PAET II.

GENERAL SURGERY.

CHAPTER IV.

Introduction— Inflammation— Inhibitory Nerves — Connective Tissue — Leucocytes — The Migration Theory — Action of the Capillaries — Hyperaemia — Active Congestion — Changes in the Tissues — Changes in the Blood — The Tissue Metamorphosis Theory of Strieker — Symptomatology — Inflammatory Fever — The Terminations — Repair — Immediate Union — First Intention — Granulation — Cicatrization — Fatty Degeneration — Treatment, General and Local, .... 87-109

XVI CONTENTS.

CHAPTER V.

Degeneration of Tissue.

Suppuration — Pus-Corpnscles — Varieties and Analysis of Pus — Fluctuation — General Treatment — Abscess, Acute, Chronic, Diffuse, Eesidual : Time of Operation — Treatment — Hyper-Distension with Carbolic Water — Sinus and Fistula, 109-120

CHAPTER VI.

Traumatic Fever — Septicaemia and Pysemia — Hectic — Treatment, . . 120-129

CHAPTER VII.

Degeneration (Continued).

Ulceration ; Sloughing — Ulcers : Simple — Irritable — Indolent — Varicose — Treatment : Local — Straps — Bandages — Skin-Grafting — Sponge Grafting — Medical Treatment —Dry Earth, 129-140

CHAPTER VIII.

Degeneration (Continued).

Gangrene and Mortification — Line of Demarcation ; of Separation — Question of Amputation in Traumatic Gangrene — Dry Gangrene — Treatment — Hospital Gangrene — Sloughing Phagedsena, ........ 141-147

CHAPTER IX.

Tumors.

Introductory Remarks — Classification — Diagnosis — Characteristics. Histological Formation : A. Innocent Tumors — Types of Higher Tissues and Types of Connective Tissues — Types of Epithelial Tissue. B. Sarcomata : Types of Embryonic Tissues — Connective Tissue. C. Carcinomata — Different Varieties of Cancer. D. Cystic Tumors and their Varieties — Cysto Sarcoma, .... 147-201

CHAPTER X.

Scrofula — Struma — Tuberculosis.

Definition — Treatment — Scrofulous Ulcer — Division of Tubercle — Gray and Cheesy Granulations, 201-204

CHAPTER XI.

Venereal Diseases.

History of Syphilis — Gonorrhoea — Gleet — Balanitis — Gonorrhoea in Women — Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism — Gonorrhoeal Ophthalmia — Sycosis, . . . 205-221

CHAPTER XII.

Chancroid — Soft Chancre.

Definition — Characters of — Seat — Phagedenic — Chancroids in the Urethra, 221-226

CONTEXTS. XV11

CHAPTEE XIII.

Syphilis — General Considerations — Chancre — Differential Diagnosis between Chancre and Chancroid — Bubo — Constitutional Syphilis — Affections of the Skin — Tertiary Forms — Syphilitic Iritis — Syphilis of the Larynx — Syphilization — Fumigation — Inunction — Infantile Syphilis, 226-245

CHAPTEE XIV.

AVounds : Definition — Classification — Danger of— Dressings for — Sutures — Straps — Antiseptic Treatment — Methods of Healing — Incised — Punctured — Contused — Lacerated — Poisoned Gunshot, 245-291

CHAPTEE XV.

The Varied Methods of Dressing Wounds, 291-302

CHAPTEE XVI.

A Concise Eeview of the Antiseptic Surgery of the Present, . . . 302-314

CHAPTEE XVII.

HEMORRHAGE.

The Means and Instruments for Arresting Haemorrhage — Definition — Haemophilia — Haemostatics, Natural and Artificial — Internal Medication — Styptics — Flexion — Compression — Percutaneous Ligation — Acupressure — Various Instruments — Ligature — Esmarch's Method— Dittel's Elastic Ligature, .... 315-346

CHAPTEE XVIII.

Transfusion.

History — Uses — Apparatus — Transfusion of Blood ; of Milk ; of Saline and Other Substances, 346-352

CHAPTEE XIX.

Amputations.

Definition — Question of Amputation — Instruments — Methods — Mortality After,

352-365

CHAPTEE XX.

Special, Amputations.

Amputation of the Lower Extremities, 365-392

CHAPTEE XXI.

Plastic Surgery.

Antiquity of— General Considerations— Varied Methods of Transplanting Flaps,

392-395

XV111 CONTENTS.