Tupelo

Front matter

Class Book

TUPELO.

BY

Chapter I. Secession

Secession Speech by Col. Drane— Secessionists' Rejoicing at the Election of Lincoln — Address by Capt. Love Opposing Secession — His Line of Thought and Excellent Arguments — A Secessionist Speaks — Deals in Vituperation, Sophistry, and Cursing — Sermon — Words of Warning — Arguments Against Secession — Its Results Predicted — Charity EnjoiDed pp 21 to 45

Chapter II

Vigilance Committee and Court Martial — The Unique Summons — Skull and Crossbones — Coffin, Grave, Gallows, and Victim — The Trial and its Result — The Midnight Attack by the Vigilantes — Their Incontinent Flight — Mr. John Mecklin's Visit — His Advice — Removal to Attala County near Kosciusko — Dr. Smith's Attempt at Assassination — The South Arming for the War — Dr. Hughes' Visit — Murder of Rev. James Pelan — Return to Tishomingo County — Events by the Way — Battle in Good Springs Glen — Murder of Payson and Murchison by the Vigilantes — Miss Silverthorn's Letter — Summons to Attend Court Martial — Escape to Rienzi — Return to Paden's Mills — The Battle near Booneville — The Arrest by Hill's Cavalry — Examination by Col. Bradfute — Gen. Pfeiffer and Geu. Jordan Enter the Dungeon at Tupelo — Cruel Treatment of Prisoners — Murder of Poole and Harbaugh — Songs of Incarcerated Slaves pp. 46 to 116

6 CONTENTS.

Chapter III

Visited by Col. Mark Lowry and Others — Miss Daisy Carson's Visit — Witherspoon's Escape — Pursued by Cavalry with Blood-hounds — Witherspoon and Denver Overtaken — Condensed to Death — Death of their Captors — Mrs. Witherspoon's Letter — Old Pilgarlic and his son Oscar — His Trial before Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard — Gen. Braxton Bragg Orders Prof. Yarbrough's Execution — He is Shot — Restored to Consciousness by his Friends — His final Escape — Death of the rebel Capt. Pender — Celebration of the Fourth of July in Prison — Escape of Aughey and Malone — Separate in the Encampment — Set out Alone — Concealed in the Chaparral — The Booming Cannon and Passing Soldiers — Soldiers' Conversation about the Escaped Prisoners Overheard — Crosses an Affluent of the Tombigbee River — David Hough's Cabin — The Ee-arrest — Punning the Gauntlet amid Rebel Camps— Again at Gen. Jordan's Head-quarters — Examined and Shackled — Returned to Tupelo — Examined by the Rebel Generals — To be Shot in an Hour — Letter to My Wife — The Reprieve — Remanded to Prison — Reception by the Prisoners — Floor Spiked Down — Guards Increased i pp. 116 to 160

Chapter IV

Benjamin Clarke's Story — Pursuit by Cavalry with Bloodhounds — Capture of the Bear — Death of Suediker and Rucker at the Bagnio in Fulton — Death of Downs — Clarke's Wife and Children — Arrive at Paden's Mills — The Search of the House, Mills, and Negro Quarters — The Minorcans — Louis Las Cassas Lornette — Col. Feullevert — His Interview with his Nephew Louia — The Rescue — Cavalry Battle at Paden's Mills — Interview with Col. Walter, the Judge Advocate — Charges Preferred — Bailie and Childress Shot— Second Visit of Col. H. W. Walter- Cruel Treatment by Col. Clare — French Officer's Visit — Personal Appearance of Gen. Bragg — Champe and Braxton — Murder of Chenault, Vedder, By n urn, and other Unionists — Hymns — Foreordination — Debate on, by Maple and Melvin — Hernion Bledsoe, The East Tennessee Unionist — The Greenville Convention — The Loyal Address — Bledsoe's Arrest — Escape From Death by Fire — His Travels, Re-arrest, and Incarceration in Tupelo — Escape of

CONTENTS. 1

Bovard "Willis — Pursuit by Cavalry With Hounds — Narrow Escape — Troyer Anderson's Remarkable Dream — Letter to My Wife — Obituary — The Prisoners' Petition to Abraham Lincoln and William H. Seward — Murder of Street and Maynard — Address to be made from the Gallows — Resolve to e-cape — Plan adopted — Proves successful — Under the Prison — Among the Guards — In the Forest — Meet a Negro — Perishing From Hunger and Thirst — Find Water — The Ethiopian Charley — The Unionist, Israel Nelson — Col. Barry — Col. Barry and his Sou Volney Torn to Pieces by Blood-hounds — Traveling in a Circle, pp. 1(30 to 249

Chapter V

Pursued by Bloodhounds — Death Imminent — Ascent of the Oak — Death Imminent — The Hounds Baflled — Jingo Dick — Under the Juniper. The Singing Birds — Homeward I Plod My Weary Way — Perishing From Hunger and Thirst— The Presentiment— Find Water, Bright Sparkling Water — The Bear Hunt — Climb a Tree — The Conscripts — Rebel Encampments — In at the Death — Bloodhounds — Meet the Videttes — The Fierce Dog — Find Friends — Mr. and Mrs. Chism— The Storm — Mr. Sanford —The Night in the Barn— The Midnight Ride— Reach Mr. John Downing's — Meet Many Unionists — Death of Newsom — Daughter of Gen. Nathaniel Green — Meet Rebels — Thrilling Adventure and Escape — Halted by Guerrillas — Fired at and Guide Wounded — Reach the Union Lines at Kienzi — Kind Reception — Serenade — Speech — Hosts of Friends — Cols. Bryner and Thrush — Meet Malone — Wife and Child — Gen. Jefferson C. Davis — His Kindness — Gortney's Tragic Death pp. 249 to 289

Chapter VI

Melvin Estill's Letter — The Escape from Saltillo — Pursuit by Cavalry with Blood-hounds — Jasper Cain, Laverty Grier, and John Graham — Overtaken — Tragic Fate of Four- Unionists — Their Scalps Taken — Mrs. Cameron and Daughter Alverna — The Cavern — Fed by Slaves — Reach the Union Lines — Enlistment in Federal Service — Loyal Southern Women — Tampering with the Ballot Box — ■

CONTEXTS.

Wholesale Frauds — Views of Grady and Clarke — Extract from President Cleveland's Inaugural — Bill to Promote Election Frauds — Visit to the Legislature in Columbia — News and Courier Speaks — Peon Slavery — Public School System of South Carolina — When Inaugurated — Synod of Atlantic — Moderator Moses Aaron Hopkins — Bowling Green, Ky. — Interview with Col. Geo. M. Edgar — Believes in the Right of Secessiou — Political Deliverances of the Southern General Assembly — The Question of Reunion of Northern and Southern Presbyterian Churches — A Consummation to be Desired — Objections to Reunion — Causes of Delay — The Prospect of Reunion — Ecclesiastical Deliverance on Evolution — The "Open Letter" — Miscegenation — More Political Deliverances — Northern General Assembly on Decoration Day — Purity of the Ballot Box must be Preserved or the Nation will Perish — Probable Solution of the Difficulty pp. 289 to 330

Chapter VII

Bill Arp (Col. Smith) in Atlanta Constitution — His Arrogant and Presumptuous Demand — Gen. Benjamin H. Grierson's Report in Regard to the Southern Unionists — Pollard, the Southern Historian, on Conscription — James Blackburn's Atrocious Letter — Persecutions of North Carolina Unionists — They Reach Philadelphia and are Hospitably Received — Col. Chandler's Report in Regard to Southern Prisons — Murder of Major Bradford — Gen. W. T. Sherman to Mayor of Atlanta, Ga. — Capt. Phillips' Statement in Regard to Unionists of North Alabama — Col. Fremantle's Views — Murder of Montgomery, a Texan Unionist — Duff's Regiment Sent to Quell Couuter Revolution of Unionists in Texas — Texas Unionist Confides His Sentiments — Gen. Bankhead Magruder's Abhorrence of the Puritans — General Houston — Col. Chubb, who Hired a Colored Crew at Boston, and Coolly Sold them as Slaves at Galveston — Cruelty to the Captured Crew of the Harriet Lane — Minden, La. — Gen. Jo. Johuston Wounded Ten Times — Gen. Van Dorn Shot by Dr. Peters — Burning of Unionists at Franklin, Tenn. — The Confederacy Calling upon the Negro for Help — Preamble to Florida Ordinance of Secession — Address by Stephen A. Douglas — Murder of Unionists in Kentucky Valley, Ala. — Terrible and Swift Retribution — Gideon Brevoort — His Faithful Service — His Death — His

CONTEXTS. 9

Monument — Prof. Franklin Brevoort — At Tensas, Miss. — Isaac Simpson — Brevoort and Simpson Eeach Cairo, 111. — White League — Murder of Judge Chisholrn and His Son and Heroic Daughter — Rev. James Pelan — Southern Hospitality — Rev. Mr. Bland, of Memphis Presbytery — Four Grave Elders — Comity among Physicians — A Laudable Custom coeval with the Medical Profession.... pp. 330 to 366

Chapter VIII

Is Deception ever Justifiable ?— Gen. L. Q. C. Lamar's Statement — Southern Heroines— Speech by Jefferson Davis at Holly Springs, Miss.— His Hatred of the North— Southern Slaves and Northern Mudsills — No Homogeneity between Cavaliers and Puritans— Pollard's Estimate of Jeff. Davis — Quotation from Pollard's Lost Cause — He Degrades Labor, Denies its Dignity, and Eulogizes and Attempts to Justify Human Slavery — Poor Whites of the South — Causes of Their Poverty — Atavism — Heredity — Degradation of Labor through Slavery — Lack of Educational and Religious Culture— Their Unfortunate Environment — Despised by the Slave-holding Oligarchy pp. 366 to 383

Chapter IX

Rev. L. B. Gaston's Essay — Educational Facilities of North and South Compared — The Educational System of Prussia Commended— Prediction Concerning Prussia — Free School System of the North — Urges the South to Adopt a Free School System — Result of His Article — Servile Insurrections Dreaded— Judge Scroggs, of Holly Springs, Miss. — One Slave Murders Another — No Law to Punish the Homicide — The Murderer Whipped and Returned to His Master, Governor Matthews, of Salem— Tippah County, Miss. — Negro Testimony Not Valid— The Southern Barbecue- Sermon on the General Judgment — The Concourse, the Judge, the Witnesses, the Testimony, the Sentence — Dies Iras — American Slavery as it now Stands Revealed to the World (from a Scottish Magazine) — The Death of Slavery (by William Cullen Bryant) — Sermon Preceding Memorial Day (by Rev. J. H. Aughey, Pastor of the Presbyterian Church, Farmington, Fulton County, Illinois) — Purity of

10 CONTESTS.

the Ballot (Rev. T. C. Evans) — Memorial Day Poem — Poems: How Sleep the Brave? — Decoration Day — The Blue and the Gray — Answer to the Blue and the Gray — The Nation's Dead — Sleep, Comrades, Sleep — The Veteran's Request (by Bayard Taylor) — The Soldier's Reprieve.

Chapter X

The United States in 1984 — The English or American Language (from Grammatical Guide, by Rev. J. H. Aughey, Pastor of the West Union Presbyterian Church, Dallas, Marshall County, West Virginia, 1876-1881)— The Commercial Language of the W T orld — Soon to be the Universal Language — Duty of Christian Ministers and People (by Miss Sarah Hosier, of Boston, Mass.) — The Burning of Columbia, S. C-, in 1865 — Lemuel Lorimer — Memorial Day Address (by Rev. W. F. Bartholomew, of Chariton, Iowa) — Memorial Sermon (by Rev. W. F. Slocum, of Wooster, Ohio)— Soldier's Letter— Purity of the Ballot— Rev. W. J. Day's Opinion — The Traitor's Doom — Rev. Dr. Allen's Facts for the Church — The Southern Unionist — The Ku- Klux : the Story of Capt. Boone — The Mustering — The Indiana Election Cases — Sermon by a Clerical Ignoramus — Dark Hours, by Horace Greeley — Battle of Corinth — — Battle of Tupelo — Extract from Greeley's "American Conflict" — From a Soldier's Letter — The Glorious Fourth — Fraternal Relations — The Rum Traffic Doomed — John Wesley on Temperance — Unrestricted Immigration — Extract from Rev. E. D McMaster, D.D.— The Christian Religion — The Octoroon — Massacre of Texan Unionists — The Purity of the Ballot — Prisoner's Hope — John Brown — Marching Through Georgia— Distinctive Principles — ■ Creed of all Orthodox Churches — The Law of Revivals — What the Churches Believe in regard to Temperance — Sermon by Rev. J. H. Aughey — Rev. J. C. Hogan on the Liquor Seller — Murder of Frank Journell — Faith Illustrated — The Colored Philosopher — The Southern Presbyterian's Possible Dilemma — My Country — The Ship of State, by Longfellow — Is Another Civil War Imminent? — Reviews — Spiritual Gems of the Ages (by Rev. John H. Aughey, Pastor of the Churches of Congress, Chester, and Wayne, Wayne County, Ohio) pp. 462 to 606

PEEFAOE.

A celebrated author thus writes: "Posterity is under no obligations to a man who is not a parent, who has never planted a tree, built a house, nor written a book." Having fulfilled all the.se requisites to insure the remembrance of posterity, it remains to be seen whether the author's name shall escape oblivion.

It may be that a few years will obliterate the name affixed to this Preface from the memory of man. This thought is the cause of no concern. I shall have accomplished my purpose if I can in some degree be humbly instrumental in serving my country and my generation, by promoting the well-being of my fcllowmen, and advancing the declarative glory of Almighty God.

This work was written while suffering intensely from maladies induced by the rigors of the Iron Furnace of Secession, whose seven-fold heat is reserved for the loyal citizens of the South. Let this fact be a palliation for whatever imperfections the reader may meet in its perusal.

There are many loyal men in the southern states, who to avoid martyrdom, conceal their opinions. They are to be pitied — not severely censured. All [11]

those southern ministers and professors of religion who were eminent for piety, opposed secession till the states passed the secession ordinance. They then advocated reconstruction as long as it comported with their safety. They then, in the face of danger and death, became quiescent — not acquiescent, by any means — and they now " bide their time," in prayerful trust that God will, in His own good time, subvert rebellion, and overthrow anarchy, by a restoration of the supremacy of constitutional law. By these, and their name is legion, my book will be warmly approved. My fellow-prisoners in the dungeon at Tupelo, who may have survived its horrors, and my fellow-sufferers in the Union cause throughout the South, will read in my narrative a transcript of their own suiferings. The loyal citizens of the whole country will be interested in learning the views of one who has been conversant with the rise and progress of secession, from its incipiency to its culmination in rebellion and treason. It will also doubtless be of general interest to learn something of the workings of the "peculiar institution," and the various phases which it assumes in different sections of the slave states.

Compelled to leave Dixie in haste, I had no time to collect materials for my work. I was therefore under the necessity of writing without those aids which would have secured greater accuracy. I have done the best that I could under the circumstances ; and any errors that may have crept into my statements of facts, or reports of addresses, will be cheerfully rectified as soon as ascertained.

That I might not compromise the safety of my Union friends who rendered me assistance, and who are still within the rebel lines, I was compelled to omit their names, and for the same reason to describe rather indefinitely some localities, especially the portions of Ittawamba, Chickasaw, Pontotoc, Tippah, and Tishomingo counties, through which I traveled while escaping to the federal lines. This I hope to be able to correct in future editions.

Narratives require a liberal use of the first personal pronoun, which I would have gladly avoided, had it been possible without tedious circumlocution, as its frequent repetition has the appearance of egotism.

I return sincere thanks to my fellow-prisoners who imperiled their own lives to save mine, and also to those Mississippi Unionists who so generously aided a panting fugitive on his way from chains and death to life and liberty.

May the Triune God bless our country, and preserve its integrity !

JOHN HILL AUGHEY.

Female Seminary, Steubenvitte, Ohio.

Above is the preface to The Iron Furnace. Since writing The Iron Furnace I have learned many things not known by me at the time that volume was written. I was not in a fit condition physically or mentally at that time to write anything as it should be written. It was uncertain whether I should survive the maladies induced by the rigors of my imprisonment. Dr. France, of Harlem Springs, O., whose patient I was, could not give me assurance of ultimate recovery. This volume is a fuller and more complete narrative of my own personal sufferings as a southern Unionist, both prior to and during my imprisonment and marvelous escapes from arrest, till I reached the Federal lines, as well as an account of the terrible cruelties to which my compatriots in the dungeon at Tupelo were subjected as a punishment of their patriotism. Although imperfect, The Iron Furnace, of which " Tupelo " is an enlarged and completed sequel, has received many encomiums from distinguished men whose approval is the source of laudable pride. Some of them will be hereinafter recorded by the author.

Mountain Top, Luzerne Co., Pa., May S, 188S.

[By Rev, W. P. Breed, D.D., Philadelphia, Pa.] We commend The Iron Furnace to all. The author's personal narrative is one of the most thrilling and touching ever written. The arrest, the imprisonment, the escape, the re-arrest, the ironing under the uplifted sword, the re-incarceration, the filthy dungeon, the loathsome food, the second escape, the pursuit by cavalry and blood-hounds, the famishing from thirst and hunger, and the final exodus from the iron furnace and reception under the good old flag form such a story that we envy not the heart of him who can read it without deep emotion. Mr. Aughey resided eleven years in the South, and his views in regard to the rise and progress of the secession movement till it culminated in treason and rebellion can4 not fail to interest all.

[By Horace Greeley, Editor of the New York Tribune'] Mr. Aughey was arrested as a traitor to the treason whereto he had never actively nor passively adhered and which he therefore could not betray. He was heavily manacled and thrust into a crowded, filthy prison, whence his companions were taken out day by day to be shot and their bodies thrown naked into a ditch, as a punishment of their patriotism. Mi". Aughey as a more influential Unionist was reserved for conspicuous hanging, but escaped before the fulfillment of that amiable intention. Traveling in the opposite direction from that in which he would naturally be sought, wearing on his ankles the heavy iron fetters which he had not been enabled to remove, ho was obliged to evade the blood-hounds which are usually kept for the hunting of slaves, but are now employed for the tracking of white Unionists, taking care to leave none of his garments in prison, as from them the scent might be taken, traveling by night, and then very painfully because of the galling circlet of his ankles, living mainly on green corn eaten raw, since to raise a smoke would have been to advertise his presence to bitter and unrelenting foes, he finally evaded the rebel pickets and found refuge under the protecting folds of the flag of freedom.

[By Rev. W, J. McCord, Wassaic, New York.] Much good will come from the circulation of Mr. Aughey's book, and I could wish that it might be read by everyone in our whole land.

[By Hon. J. T. Headley.] I have read Mr. Aughey's book, The Iron Furnace, with intense interest, and find in it only another proof of how little the loud mouthed patriots of the North know what true fidelity to the Government means. It seems to me that somehow in the providence of God this war in its progress or termination must give the suffering Unionists of the South that lofty position relatively which they so richly deserve.

[By Hon. B. F. Wade, Washington, D. C.] I have read Mr. Aughey's book, entitled, " The Iron Furnace." It shows what it costs to be a Unionist in the South, and strongly illustrates the condition of southern society. I hope it will receive, as it deserves, a wide circulation.

[By Col. Bryner, of the 47th Illinois Infantry, Peoria, 111.]

Mr. Aughey's book, " The Iron Furnace," proves the truth of the adage, that truth is stranger than fietion. His escape was one of the most remarkable on record. Heavily ironed, closely guarded in the midst of the great rebel army of more than one hundred thousand men, the day set apart for his execution but three days' distant, it required the almost miraculous interposition of Divine Providence to give success to his plaus for escape, to guide him through a hostile country swarming with foes eager in their search, stimulated by the incentive of a large reward and aided by the keen-scented blood-hound, till he had passed over a space of more than two hundred miles by the route he was compelled to travel, which intervened between his prison in Tupelo and the Union outpost of Rienzi. We have seen the manacles he wore ; we have looked upon the scars caused by the galling circlet of his ankles, the heavy iron fetters. We have read his thrilling record on the site of its occurrence — in the very building in which for years the author presided over the destinies of the Rienzi Female College. If you wish to read a true novel, a thrilling romance, a volume which will arouse and keep in trembling suspense all the faculties of your soul, send at once for " The Iron Furnace."

[By Rev. Alfred Nevin, D.D. Philadelphia, Pa.] "The Iron Furnace " not a misnomer. Many have inquired in regard to " The Iron Furnace," whence the name? Would not the Fiery Furnace have been more appropriate ? In reply we would refer all inquirers to Dent. iv. 20; Jer. xi. 3-4; 1st Kings viii. 51;

from which it will be observed that " The Iron Furnace" is a most appropriate and significant title for the interesting work which bears it. More than three thousand copies of " The Iron Furnace " were ordered in advance of its publication, and many additional thousands have since been sold. It will always be important as a history of the times by one whose opportunity for observation was excellent. He gives an inside view. It is embellished with a beautiful steel portrait of the author and engravings.

[Rev. T. L. Cuyler, D. D., Brooklyn, L. I.] A much needed work.

[By Rev. W. M. Engles, D.D., Philadelphia. Pa.] It tells a true and startling story of southern slavery and secession by a ministerial brother who is highly esteemed by those who know him, and whose veracity may be relied on with entire confidence. It is a thrilling narrative of what the writer saw and suffered, and contains a spirited and speaking likeness of the author.

Rev. John H. Aughey, Commander of Post No. 14*5,

Department of Illinois, G. A. R., Farmington,

Fulton County, III.:

Dear Comrade — Your comrades of the above

named Post most earnestly request you to publish a

new edition of your war history, which we have read

with intense interest.

E. A. Custer, Adjutant.

[By Gen. U. S. Grant.] Mr. Aughey — I have read your book with interest. I feel much compassion for you and the great number of southern loyalists who have suffered such terrible things at the hands of their disloyal fellow citizens. I thank you for the present of your book.

[By Gen. John. A. Logan.] Mr. Aughey — I thank you for your book, "The Iron Furnace." I have only had time to glance through it. I know that I shall be greatly interested in reading it. The loyalists of the South deserve much credit for their adherence to the Union amid surrounding foes, an environment fraught with continuous peril. Truly your friend,

J. A. Logan.

I have many other testimonials, but the above will suffice. Verbum sat sapienti.

JOHN H. AUGHEY.

Chariton, Iowa.

Chapter I. Secession

At the breaking out of the present rebellion, I was engaged in the work of an Evangelist in the counties of Choctaw and Attala in Central Mississippi. My congregations were large, and my duties onerous. Being constantly employed in ministerial labors, I had no time to intermeddle with politics, leaving all such questions to statesmen, giving the complex issues of the day only sufficient attention to enable me to vote intelligently. Tims Mas I engaged when the great political campaign of 1860 commenced — a campaign conducted with greater virulence and asperity than any I have ever witnessed. During my casual detention at a store, Colonel Drane arrived according to appointment, to address the people of Choctaw. He was a member of one of my congregations, and as he had long been a leading statesman in Mississippi, having for many years presided over the state senate, I expected to hear a speech of marked ability, unfolding the true issues before the people, with all the dignity, suavity, and earnestness of a gentleman and patriot; but I found his whole speech to be a tirade of abuse of the North, commingled with the bold avowal of treasonable sentiments. The Colonel thus addressed the people : [21]

" My Fellow-Citizens — I appear before you to urge anew resistance against the encroachments and aggressions of the Yankees. If the Black Republicans carry their ticket, and Old Abe is elected, our right to carry our slaves into the territories will be denied us; and who dare say that he would be a base, craven submissionist, when our God-given and constitutional right to carry slavery into the common domain is wickedly taken from the South. The Yankees cheated us out of Kansas by their infernal Emigrant Aid Societies. They cheated us out of California, which our blood and treasure purchased, for the South sent ten men to one that was sent by the North to the Mexican war, and thus we have no foothold on the Pacific coast; and even now we pay five dollars for the support of the general Government where the North pays one. We help to pay bounties to the Yankee fishermen in New England; indeed we are always paying, paying, paying, and yet the North is always crying, give, give, give. The South has made the North rich, and what thanks do we receive? Our rights are trampled on, our slaves are spirited by thousands over their underground railroad to Canada, our citizens are insulted while traveling in the North, and their servants are tampered with, and by false representations, and often by mob violence, forced from them. Douglas, knowing the power of Emigrant Aid Societies, proposes squatter sovereignty, with the positive certainty that the scum of Europe and the mudsills of Yankeedom can be shipped in, in numbers sufficient to control the destiny of the embryo state. Since the admission of Texas in 1845, there has not been a single foot of slave territory secured to the South, while the North has added to their list the extensive states of California, Minnesota, and Oregon, and Kansas is as good as theirs; while, if Lincoln is elected, the Wilrnot proviso will be extended over all the common territories, debarring the South forever from her right to share the public domain.

" The hypocrites of the North tell us that slaveholding is sinful. Well, suppose it is. Upon us and our children let the guilt of this sin rest; we are willing to bear it, and it is none of their business. We are a more moral people than they are. W ho originated Mormonism, Millerism, Spirit-rappings, Abolitionism, Free-lovism, and all other abominable isms which curse the world. The reply is, the North. Their puritanical fanaticism and hypocrisy is patent to all. Talk to us of the sin of slavery, when the only difference between us is that our slaves arc black and theirs white. They treat their white slaves, the Irish and Dutch, in a cruel manner, giving them during health just enough to purchase coarse clothing, and when they become sick they arc turned off to starve, as they do by hundreds every year. A female servant in the North must have a testimonial of good character before she will be employed; those with whom she is laboring will not give her this so long as they desire her services; she therefore cannot leave them, whatever may be her treatment, so that she is as much compelled to remain with her employer as the slave with his master.

" Their servants hate them; our's love us. My niggers would fight for me and my family. They have been treated well, and they know it. And I don't treat my slaves any better than my neighbors. If ever there comes a war between the North and the South, let us do as Abraham did — arm our trained servants and go forth with them to battle. They hate the Yankees as intensely as we do, and nothing could please our slaves better than to fight them. Ah, the perfidious Yankees. I cordially hate a Yankee. We have all suffered much at their hands; they will not keep faith with us. Have they complied with the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Law ? The thousands and ten of thousands of slaves aided in their escape to Canada, is a sufficient answer. We have lost millions and are losing millions every year, by the operation of the underground railroad. How deep the perfidy of a people, thus to violate every article of compromise we have made with them! The Yankees are an inferior race, descended from the old Puritan stock, who enacted the Blue Laws. They are desirous of compelling us to submit to laws more iniquitous than ever were the Blue Laws. I have traveled in the North, and have seen the depth of their depravity. Now, my fellow-citizens, what shall we do to resist Northern aggression? Why simply this : If Lincoln or Douglas is elected