Preface
The subject matter of this Bulletin consists of lessons given in the Training Department by the Supervisor of the advanced grades. They are of a character to be practically helpful not only to students who are preparing for public school work, but also to teachers who are engaged in the active duties of the profession. The points covered are the ones found most likely to need attention by superintendents inspecting the management and class work of subordinate teachers. The results attained in our training school have been so decidedly marked by development of power and efficiency in instruction through the application of those methods, that these lessons have been put into more definite form by Supervisor Wilbur H. Bender, and the Normal School publishes them in this Bulletin, for the benefit of its students, present and prospective, as well as for such public schools as may desire the assistance in practical didactics that is thus obtainable. It is the intention of the Board of Trustees to present from time to time other studies on professional subjects as contributions to the great work of the public schools. It is the province of the Normal School to thus increase its usefulness not only to its students but to the State at large.
HOMER H.SEERLEY,
President.
IOWA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
Normal School Table of Contents.
PRINCIPLES AND PLANS.
I
A GENERAL. VIEW.
1 Principles and Practice.
A
2. Moving Classes.
B
3. Care of Room.
C
4. Planning- and Assigning Lessons.
D
5. Questioning.
E
6. Illustration.
F
7. Management.
G
8. Discipline.
H
9. Manner of Teacher.
I
10. Spirit.
J
11. Observation.
K
12. Miscellaneous.
II. The Lesson Plan
13. Necessity of Planning.
14 Teacher's Necessary Knowledge.
1. Of class.
2. Of mind.
3. Of subject.
4. Of devices.
15. Lesson Unit.
16. Plan-Book.
1. Ge"neral directions.
2. Parts of plan.
(a). Aim. (b). Preparation, (c). Presentation, (d). Elaboration, (e). Application.
17. Illustrative Plans.
1. Reading lesson.
2. Geography lesson.
3. History lesson.
4. Arithmetic lesson.
IOWA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
III. Assignment Of Lessons
18. Importance.
19. The Teacher's Preparation.
20. Attitude of Class.
21. Ways of Making, When, Time Taken.
22. Study Period, Teacher's Manner.
DEVICES IN TEACHING.
I.
THE TEXT-BOOK.
23. Its Place.
24. The Good Text-Book.
1. Considers the child.
2. Previous work, new work.
3. Definitions and rules.
4. References to review topics.
5. Sections, chapters.
6. Summaries.
7. Illustrations.
8. Preface and suggestions.
9. Table of contents. 10. References.
2.5. In the Hands of the Teacher.
1. A tool.
2. Teacher's mastery of book.
26. Illustrations and Summaries.
27. Some Mistakes in Use of Text-Books.
II.
' QUESTIONING.
28. Its Place.
29. Teacher's Comprehension.
30. Some Means of Improvement.
31. Purposes.
32. Good Questions.
33. Management in Questioning.
34. The Manner of the Teacher.
35. Questions and Answers of Pupils.
III.
THE ILLUSTRATION.
36. Value of Illustrations.
37. Key to Attention.
38. What It Is.
39. How Things are Made Clear.
40. Qualities of Illusti-ations.
41. How Teachers May Improve.
42. Devices Used in Illustration.
43. The Blackboard.
44. Pictures. Maps, Charts.
lOAVA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
45. Collecting and Preserving- Illustrative Material.
46. Making Illustrative Matter for Class Use.
1. Wall maps or charts.
(a). Advantages, (b). Materials for. (c). Means of enlarging, (d). Making duplicates, (ey. Iviounting.
2. Material for seat work.
3. Relief work, solid forms.
4. The empty crayon box.
TEACHING IN INTERMEDIATE AND GRAMMAR
GRADES.
I.
READING.
47. Preparation and Accessories.
1. Mastery of words.
2. Sounds and syllables.
3. Explanation, etymology.
48. Purpose and Meaning of Whole Selection.
49. Study of Parts.
50. Geographical and Historical Settings.
51. The Teacher's Qualifications.
1. Incidental.
2. Immediate.
52. Thought and Mechanics of Expression.
53. Questioning Before Reading.
54. Recognition of Discord — Helps.
II.
SPELLING.
55. Why Mistakes Occur.
56. Teaching Not Testing Should Prevail.
57. Sound Not a Correct Guide.
58. Teaching Through Copying, Testing by Dictation.
59. Rules, Drills, Inspirational Devices.
III.
GEOGRAPHY.
60. Improvement in Text- Books and Teacher's View.
61. Value.
62. Starting Point.
63. Neglecting Things Previously Taught.
64. Maps.
65. The Globe.
66. Teaching Locality.
67. Sketching.
68. The Grographical Reader.
69. Illustrative Matter.
70. Types and Correlation.
71. Aids.
IOWA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
IV. History
72. Making it Real.
73. The Text-Book and Other Devices.
1. The text-book.
2. Other devices.
(a). Maps.
(b). Charts.
(c). Pictures.
(d). Relics.
(e). Original source work.
(f). Pupils' note-books.
(g). Readings.
74. How to Work, Drills, Reviews.
1. A general view.
2. Balance of topics.
3. Germ ideas.
4. Study of documents, election of 1824, state papers.
5. Topical recitations, pupils' questions.
6. Biographies.
7. Campaigns in wars.
8. Dates, outlines, summary, grouping.
V. Arithmetic
75. Mechanical and Memory Work.
76. Terms of Fundamental Operations.
77. Power to Image Mathematical Magnitudes.
78. A Pew Suggestions.
1. Reading and solving problems.
2. Forms of analysis.
3. Meeting pupils' difficulties.
5. Blackboard.
6. Parts in pupil's work.
7. Difficulties and superstitions.
VI. Physiology
79. The Body.
80. The Nervous System.
81. Purpose the Underlying Idea of the Organs of the Body.
82. Illustrations and Devices.
LANGUAGE.
83. The Mechanics of Written Work.
1. Many diflficulties — capitalization.
2. Punctuation.
3. Spelling and grammatical forms.
4. Heading, margin, indentation.
5. Sentence sense.
6. Ordinary written work.
84. How to Work, Devices.
1. Having something to say.
lOAVA STATE NORMAL SCUOOL.
2. Copying.
3. Stoi'ies and pictures.
4. Original written work and corrections. 85. Technical Grammar.
1. Early ideas inductively.
2. Difficulties presented singly.
3. Purpose of language.
ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT, AND DISCIPLINE.
I.
ORGANIZATION.
86. Organization in General.
87. The Organization of the School.
1. A well organized school.
2. Characteristics of good organizer.
3. School organization within power of teacher.
4. Helps.
II.
MANAGEMENT.
88. When Management Begins.
89. The Teacher's Starting Point.
1. Confidence of pupils necessary.
2. Masterfulness.
90. How Confidence is Won and Retained.
1. Scholarship.
(a). Absence of mistakes.
(b). Sacrifice for it.
(c). Taste for study.
(d). Effect on assigning lessons.
(e). Increases illustrative power.
(f). Inspires through studious habits.
(g). Wins co-operation of parents.
(h). Broadens teacher's view.
2. Class tactics, teaching ability, devices.
(a). Tactics, (b). Seating of class. (c). Definite points in teaching, (d). Essentials emphasized, (e). Using former knowledge.
(f). Teacher devising, making illustrative apparatus, (g). Careful summaries.
3. Cultivated and accurate senses.
(a). Eye. (b). Ear.
4. Determination, balance judgment.
.5. Force of character and large heart power.
III.
DISCIPLINE.
91. Its Relation to Management.
92. Why Pupils Injure the School.
1. Childish thoughtlessness.
2. Disposition to try the teacher.
93. Qualities and Personal Characteristics of the Good Discipli-
narian.
1. Self-control.
2. Sympathy with childhood.
3. Self sacrifice.
4. Courage.
5. Sense of justice.
6. Regard for rights and feelings of pupils.
7. Appreciation of humor.
8. Appreciation of efforts of pupils.
9. Strong personality.
10. Reputation for certainty of punishment.
11. Optimistic.
12. Steadiness, firmness, vigilance.
94. Evidences of the Need of Discipline.
1. General disorder.
2. Poor lessons.
3. Disobedience.
4. Irsolence.
95. Means and Methods of Discipline.
96. The Quotation as a Factor in Discipline.
97. Democratic or Co-operative School Government.
1. The plan.
2. Halls and playrooms.
3. Teachers, halls, schoolrooms.
4. Dismissals.
5. Not "soft" government.
6. Some conclusions.
SPIRIT, OBSERVATION, REVIEWS.
I.
THE TEACHER'S SPIRIT.
98. Right Spirit in General.
99. Toward the Daily, Weekly, and Monthly Routine.
100. In Relation to Professional Improvement.
1. Teacher's meetings.
2. County institute.
3. Professional reading.
101. Regard for Compensations.
1. Salary.
2. Approval of public.
3. Professional pride.
4. Personal growth.
5. Benefit to pupils.
102. Spirit Toward Parents and Others.
1. Toward parents.
2. Toward janitors.
3. Toward school officials.
4. Toward strangers.
■ 5. Toward unpleasant notes, etc.
6. In social matters.
IOWA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL.
7. In relations to other teachers.
8. In respect to the children.
103. Some General Thoughts.
II.
OBSERVATION OR SCHOOL VISITATION.
104. The Observer or Visitor.
1. Classes of visitors.
2. Spirit of observer.
3. Spectacular work.
4. Bi'oad view.
105. Things to be Observed.
1. General appearance of room.
2. The teacher.
3. The pupils.
4. The recitation.
III.
OPENING EXERCISES.
Purposes.
Unification.
Arouse interest.
General exercises.
Helpful suggestions.
Means
1 and Materials.
Stories.
Experiments.
Current Events.
General topics.
Committing.
Drills.
Important persons.
Great pictures.
Training attention.
Music.
IV.
READING AND REFERENCES.
108. The Teacher's Reading.
109. Reference Books.
V.
REVIEWS.
110. Necessity and Time for Them.
111. The Nature of Reviews.
112. Assigning and Conducting.
VI.
BECOMING A TEACHER.
113. Before the First Day of School.
1. Qualifications required.
2. The county superintendent.
3. Securing the school.
4. Looking up register and the like.
114. The First Day.
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