The Mysore Revenue Survey Manual

I. IV

VI.

TABLE OF CONTENTS,

PARTS I AND II.

Introductory.

(i) Pre-survey. Period

(ii) Introduction of Revenue Survey ana Settlement

Progress of Revenue Survey and Settlement opera- -tions oa ;

Revision Survey and Settlement © .. | on

Part I

Gazetted Officers, their powers and duties Recruitment and training of Gazetted Officers Field operations and the constitution of f the field establishments | (i) Field operations (ii) Constitution of field eatablishmenta (iii) Duties and responsibilities of Measurers and Classers - (iv) Out-turn of field work and preparation of field records .- : (v) Rules relating to [ieave: ‘Batte, Pension and Travelling Allowances (vi) Appointment and duties of Surveyors (vii) Miscellaneous ; Recruitment and training of subordinates for field establishments eee Setteas we Departmental business and office routine -% Records Office .. ag The Huzur Branch The Durasthi Branch The Akar Branch The Drawing Branch The General Records (i) Custody of Records (ii) Fresh records received . : (iii) Grant of copies of Survey Records .. Accounts and Financial control Periodical Returns and Reports Instruments of foreign make

Part II. Preliminary

Chain Survey ..

PAGE.

TIT.

Division of land into Survey numbers - - oe (i) Statutory Provision .. (ii) Rules to be observed ie dividing lands into

Survey numbers : és Base Line Roads .

Measurement Field Books and Computation of areas Village Maps .. is Bs és Field Demarcation - ae is

Settlement of village boundaries

Theodolite Survey

Classification of dry, wet “and garden survey numbers +.

(a) Classificats.1 of soil

(b) Classification of water . :

Classification Field Books and Records

Field Tests :

(i) Measurement

(ii) Classification

Monsoon Examination

(i) General

(ii) Examination of AMeadurement Records

(iii) Examination of Classification Records (iv) Examination of Resurvey Records ..

(v) Examination of Reclassification Records Inam Surveys .

Resurvey Rules and Preparation of Field Records . Reclassification Rules and Preparation of Field

Records. .. oe és oe

INTRODUCTORY. |

Chapter I

pee “ee

I. Pre-Survey Period.

Highly interesting as is the older history of land settlements in Mysore, it cannot well find a place in this Manual which must confine itself to an exposition of the system now in force. I'he ever changing constitution of the country in earlier times, the vicissitudes it was subject to, and the effects of those vicissi- - ¢udes on land administration, have all tobe passed over. A narration of even the remarkable effort of Dewan Purniah to establish the administration of land on an efficient survey of it, would be. out of place. The following paras of this chapter will however, depict very briefly the conditions that prevailed immediately before the existing system of settlement was inaugurated.

9. In 1831, the British Government began to administer the State on behalf of His Highness the Maharaja. The question was raised as to whether the unit of land settlements in Mysore should be the village and Zemindar as in the Panjab and North- West Provinces, or field and peasant-ryot as in the Bombay and the Madras Presidencies. ‘The Government of India decided that the ryotwari system was the one well adapted to the wants and traditions of the people. This was practically the system that was being followed in the past. The British Commi _s‘o1e1,3, after - investigating into the tenures under which lands were held, re- " moved a great many incongruities, and Jiberalised the old system in several of its details. ‘The money rents were lowered in cases where the authorities were satisfied that they were pitched too high. The system of exacting the khist before the harvest was abolished, and ryots were allowed to pay taxes in five instalments at periods fixed with reference to the harvest season. Where the Batayi system was in force, every effort consistent with the prescriptive right of the cultivator was made to convert the assessment into a money payment, and where it was still allowed to prevail, it was purified-of its most vexatious characteristics. The ryots were thus to a great extent saved from the clutches of the —

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professional money lenders, and from the harrassing periodical inspection of their crops and other vexatious interference with their cultivation.

3. The question of the miscellaneous sayar taxes was a most difficult one, and did not for several reasons admit of being ' settled at once, although it was clear that most of them were inequitable. These taxes were abolished one after another as the finances of the State permitted, so that by the end of the year 1854, no less than 769 items of sayar taxation, yielding an income of about 10? lakhs of rupees per year, were gradually swept away.

Il. Introduction of Revenue Survey and Settlement.

4. Althougha regular survey of all lands was felt to be absolutely necessary for the proper administration of land revenue, if was not possible to undertake the measure in the early days of the ' British Commission, as the necessary funds could not be found for it. By the year 1855, the State revenue which had previously fallen to a low level, had improved, and the time coincided with the renewal of the charter of the ast India Company in 1854, one result of which was that throughout India there was a strong move towards reform in every department. Naturally, the same attitude began to operate in the administration of° Mysore, and reforms were begun in every possible direction. The system of land revenue demanded, of course, the primary attention

of Government. |. . |

5. All lands in Mysore were classified under the Budget system, according to the tenure on which they were held, as follows:—

I. VILLAGE SETTLEMENTS.

Kayamgutta, or permanently settled villages, Jodi, or lightly assessed villages,

Shraya, or villages on a progressive rental, Kalavadhi Ijare, or villages rented for one year.

Se

II. INDIVIDUAL SETTLEMENTS.

A. Government. 1. Ryotwari, Kandayam, or assessed Government lands, 2. Batayi, or division of produce, B. Inam. 1. Ardhamanya, or uttar, et¢., lands, ‘ 2. Jodi or lightly assessed lands granted to:— 1. Village servants, ii. Brahmans, Fakirs and Temples, and, : i. for the maintenance of topes, ‘ Chattrams, ezc, | |

Lands were of three classes, ‘dry’, ‘wet’ or irrigated; and ‘garden.’ The collections were being shown in the accounts as money payments and batayz. Attention was steadily directed to reducing the extent of land under the Batayz tenure by substituting money assessment wherever practicable. But it could not be completely abolished, as there was no means of equitably assessing the large area held on this tenure under tanks. Enquiry proved also the existence of a great many discrepancies, and of fraud. In. the neighbourhood of Bangalore the seat of the administration, the village Shanbogs had succeeded by collusion with the taluk subordinates, in fixing 596 different rates of assessment on dry land alone, while on the other classes of land, the assessment was so preposterously high as to demonstrate clearly the incorrectness of the land measurement, which was in terms of Byawarit. e., the area that can be sown with a certain quantity of seed. There were as many as 81 and 451 different rates of assessment per Kudu of wet and garden. land respectively. In the Chitaldrug Division, 465 rates on eleven classes of land formed the basis of land revenue. In the Nagar Division, 147 rates on wet lands, varying from Rs. 164 to 7 annas per Kudu were found in one taluk. The assessment on supari garden in one village was Rs. 197 per Kandy, or more than Rs. 95 per acre. In the Ashtagram or Mysore Division, there were 32 rates on dry, 5 on wet and 12 on garden lands. The soils had been divided into 19°classes. There were thus no practicable and intelligible principles on which lands were assessed, on the other hand there was ample scope for annoyance and fraud, which could not be easily detected. A large number of tenants had no claim to permanent occupancy. Owing to the want of adequate check on unauthorised occupation, Inamdars in several instances had encroached upon Government .lands.

6. The introduction of a regular Revenue Survey and Settlement thus became all the more pressing in the interests of a good revenue administration. Mr. Bowring, the then Chief Commissioner, therefore urged upon the Government of India the necessity that existed for a Revenue Survey and Settlement for the purpose of defining the respective rights of the Government and of the raiyats, and for fixing an equitable and moderate assessment on the soil. The Government of India accorded their sanction to the introduction into the State, of a Revenue Survey.

7. The next question was as to the system and the agency to .be employed for the purpose. Mr. Bowring preferred the Bombay System for reasons summed up as follows in his letter No. Gen. 3133- Rev. 120, dated 19-11-1864, to the Government of India:— “TY found that in Mysore which borders both on that (Bombay) Presidency and on Madras, we had ample opportunity of comparing the method pursued in either case. The difference

‘ iV is as follows. Under the Bombay system, the survey, classification and settlement are all continuous links of one chain forged under the directions of the same individual, whose interest it is to see that every successive link fits closely into its predecessor, every step being also carefully taken with advertence to the next one. There is no such close connection in the Madras system. The boundaries are fixed by one person, the survey laid down by another and the settlement by a third; these several agencies not being under one responsible head. The survey, so far as I can judge, is cxcellent, but the Surveyor had not the power of altering the boundaries, if incorrect. On the completion of the survey, the work wastaken up by the Settlement Officer, but I am given to understand that the agency employed, frequently temporary gumastas paid for the purpose, was so indifferent that the settlement papers did not agree with the survey records and werg of little value. I believe there is no doubt at any rate that the survey was much nore carefully done than the settlement.” | It was decided finally to adopt the Bombay system in prefer-

ence to that of Madras, and the details were discussed with, and arranged by, Major W. C. Anderson, Superintenders, Southern Mahratta Country Revenue Survey, who was to supervise the Mysore operations as Survey and Settlement Commissioner.

8. The Mysore Revenue Survey Department was then formally organised and operations were commenced in the Harihar Taluk in November 1863, with one Measuring Establishment under the charge of Leiutenant (the late Colonel) J. P. Grant, Assistant Superintendent. By this time, the Bombay system, as outlined by the illustrious authors of the Joint Report was in operation in the Bombay Presidency for upwards of a quarter of a century, and had become so well developed in its details, that the rules and procedure followed in the Southern Mahratta Country Revenue Survey were made applicable with but few modifications to the work carried out in Mysore. For an account of the course that led to this staye of development in the Southern Mahratta Country the reader is referred to the Bombay Survey and Settlement Manual.

CHAPTER IL.

Progress of Revenue, Survey and Settlement operations.

_ Survey operations were,.as stated in the last Chapter, commenced with one measuring establishment in 1863. A second measuring Establishment was constituted in 1864, and the first classing establishment commenced its operations in the same year. In 1&65,one more measuring establishment was added. The increasing ntmber of field establishments, and the necessity to relieve the Settlement Commissioner of minor details connected.

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With the control of field establishments, and the managément of settlements, necessitated the appointment of a Deputy Superintendent, and the late Colonel J. P. oon was promoted ° , to the new post in December 1865.

2. Shortly after the commencement of survey operatiozs, a brief account thereof, which appeared in the State Annual Report for 1863--4, attracted the attention of the Government of India, who called for information on certain matters of detail connected with (1) the powers of Survey Officers in the dispczal of cases of a civil nature, relating to land tenures, (ii) the.classification of soil into classes and (i1) the mode and the terms of settlement. The Chief. Commissioner reported on these points at sufficient length, dwelling at the same time on the merits of the Bombay system, with which the Government of India were satisfied.

3. One other important matter was decided in the course of this correspondence, and that was in regard to the period of survey guarantee: The Government of India decided that a thirty-year-period was just and equitable, considering the detailed and careful character of the scrutiny enjenien under the Bombay system.

4. The year from which. settlements should take effect was also a question for cosideration. At first, they were made to take effect in and from the year of announcement, and refunds were allowed to ryots who according to the old rates had paid more than the survey rates. After the settlement of the Chitaldrug Taluk, 1866-67, the system of refunds was put a stop to by the ruling that settlements should take effect in and from the year following that in which they are announced.

5. In 1865-66, the Chief Commissioner made a tour i in the north-eastern portion of the State, with the special object of observing the actual working of the Survey Department which had by that time handled six taluks. He founa that the work had

_been very carefully done, and was convinced that the result was satisfactory both to the ryots and to the Government, the survey being minutely correct, the classification of soils accurate, and the settlement rates extremely low .as compared on an average with the old rates, which only held good by reason of excess holdings enabling the ryots to spread a high rate of assessment over more land than their pattas entitled them to.

6. The Chief Commissioner was anxious to expedite the operations and complete thei before handing over the administration of the Siate to His Highness the Maharaja; but this object could not be fulfilled, owing chiefly to the difficulty felt even at that time, in obtaining the services of qualified officers and men. A large portion of the State had been brought under Settlement by the time of the Rendition, but much also remained to be done. The department was continued, and was headed

¥1 ; by the Superintendent of Revenue Survey and Settlements to which place the late Col. J. P. Grant was raised, in lieu of the Survey and Settlement Commissioner.

7. During the earlier stages of survey operations, Act I of 1865 of the Bombay Government was taken as a guide, and in 1869, it was formally introduced into Mysore, with the necessary alterations, ander the Government of India Foreign Department Notification No. 83, dated 30th April 1869. This was supersetled by the Mysore Land Revenue Code, Regn. IV of 1888.

8. The progress of operations, year by year, is shown below in a tabular form :— |

Number of Field establish-

= ments Number of Number of Number of ear talks surveyed| taluks classed | taluks settled ¢

Measuring Classing wo g Soma H Pwo D bm BS BS bt Go OT He Go CO BD Go He bt bt OD G0 GT BD OUND BD et bet bt BD bt Whe BS bt BO He CO Co BD Co O71 be = BD CO Me CO BD He bs He OT BD bet = 89 8D BD BO BO CO BD OT BD CO C9 CO He RID COCO ee BD RD! oe:

i" ie e) ~J ~j bed i=) BS BO BO CO We GO CE Oe CE GO 60 60 BD CO 60 60 60 ED 60 60 BD BD BD bt fae et ee

¢ He a Re OVO EN OT 01 <9 -3 9D rp | pad b pom em la |

°o

S

& bm BS BO DD bO reerere = mt iD © DO bas fet pet S

1896 vee 2 : ‘ 1897 sae aoe Employed on re-classification of on wet and garden lands.

@ & bo bo

N.B.— For purposes of settlement, the number of taluks is taken as 71 vii : 9. The statement shows that measuring operations were completed by the year.1890, and classing by 1895. The last taluk settled was Nanjangud, in 1899.

10. The services of the Department were availed of by the Jahgirdars of Yelandur and Sringeri, and by many ofthe Inamdars, _ whose villages were surveyed and settled, without any cost to them.

11. Before concluding this chapter, a brief mention has to be made of the’special remission of garden assessment made in the malnad taluks of Sagar, Sorab, Nagar, Anantapur, and Koppa. The assessing of gardens is one of the most delicate of the settlement operations, and in the malnad, the matter was further complicated by the circumstance that while most of the gardens. were heavily assessed under the older administrations, their produce, Supari, was subject to the payment of a Sayer or Halat duty. This was the only impost remaining out of a large number of the kind, which had been abolished one after another from time to time. The nature of the tax itself, and the past attitude of Government towards such taxes, cleurly indicated that the Halat was bound to disappear, while the Settlement Officer assessed the. gardens on their merits. Some years after the settlement, the raiyats began to feel that they were subjected to a double payment, and prayed for relief. After a thorough and special investigation, Government saw that the garden-owners did need some relief, though they were not prepared to forego the Sayer Revenue. They therefore thought of devising other means, and the one that was hit upon was to remit a portion of the assessment, up to a total limit of Rs.75,000. The Survey Superintendent wascalled upon to work out the scheme of remission. -The task was indeed a huge one, as he had to fix the amount of remission individually for each garden, which was tantamount to a complete re-assessment of the gardens, more than 14,000 in number. The result was that a sum of about Rs. 85,000 was remitted in favour of the garden owners of the five purely malnad taluks. The sayer duty continued to be levied, and of course,: operated to neutralise the concession shown by Government, thus proving that the root of the evil was not so much the higher rate of assessment as the tax itself. The obnoxious tax was abolished in 1907, to the great satisfaction of the garden-owners.

CHAPTER III. REVISION SURVEY And SETTLEMENT

Before the expiry of the period of thirty years, guaranteed at the original settlement, in some of the early-settled taluks of the Chitaldrug District, the Superintendent of Revenue Survey raised the question of introducing revised settlements. Government were inclined more to continue existing settlements than to adopt

Vill a scheme of revision, and also thought that field operations were unnecessary for purposes of revision, as they considered the original operations to be sufficiently good and accurate. The Superintendent pointed out among other things, that at least a reclassification of watcr-supply to wet and garden lands was absolutely necessary in the interests of both the raiyats and of Government, as great changes had taken place by the improvement or deterioration of works of irrigation, though the soil need not be classed again. Pending orders on the general question of revision settlements, Government sanctioned the reclassification of wet and garden lands with special reference to the value assignable to the water-supply enjoyed by them. (Government Order No. 4115-17--R. 1414, dated 5-11-1896.) The work was accordingly undertaken and two classing establishments were deputed for it.

2. It was in 1900 that Government resolved to have a fresh revenue survey (ordinarily called Resurvey) as provided for in Section 115 of the Land Revenue Code, and announced by Notification No. 3374--R. F. 8-1900 dated 24th October 1900, --

(1) that they directed a fresh Revenue Survey 2.¢., a revision survey, and a revision of assessment in all taluks of the State in which the periods of the original settlements had expired;

(2) that the revision survey so directed shall comprise only such remeasurement as shall be deemed absolutely necessary in order to correct omissions in the existing survey and to rectify changes in the boundaries of survey fields which have from - any reason occurred, or such remeasurement as may be necessary to.effect sub-division in the interests of the occupants and landholders, or under any of the rules under the Land Revenue Code, and, o (8) that the reclassification of lands shall be confined to™ the reclassification of wet and garden lands.

3. Rules were framed for carrying out the partial resurvey and reclassification operations in conformity with the intentions of Government, and were approved of by Government in their orders Nos. 4250-8--R.F. 8-1900, and R. 168-77, dated 26th No- . vember 1900, and 15th July 1904, respectivcly. ‘These are given in detail in volume II.

THE MYSORE REVENUE SURVEY MANUAL

Chapter I. Gazetted Officers, Their Powers And Duties

1. Gazetted Officers.—Survey officers are appointed under ' Section 17 of the Mysore Land Revenue Code, IV of 1888, and they are designated as noted below :—

(i) Superintendent of Revenue Survey and Settlement,

(ii) Deputy Superintendent of Revenue Survey and Settlement,

(iii) Survey Settlement Officer,

(iv) Assistant Superintendents, Sub-Assistant Superintendents and Probationers are also appointed by Government from time to time and deputed for work in the Survey Department.

The sanctioned scale of the superior staff consists of :—

One Superintendent with the status of a Deputy Commissioner,

One Deputy Superintendent,

Five Assistant Superintendents, -

One Assistant Superintendent (temporary).

These will draw their present pay pending the re-organization of the Civil Service.

Two Sub-Assistant Superintendents on Rs. 150- 45-200,

Two Sub-Assistant Superintendents (temporary), | One Sub-Assistant Superintendent for the Superintendent S Office (temporary),

* One Sub-Assistant Superintendent for charge of the Headquarters and Record Office,

One Sub-Assistant Superintendent for Inam and miscellaneous work,

One Sub-Assistant Superintendent (temporary) for field relief work.

Subject to the orders of the ‘Government these officers are vested with the cognizance of all matters connected with Survey and Settlement and exercise all such powers and perform all such duties as are prescribed by the Revenue Code or any other law for the time being in force.

2. Superintendent.—He is the chief controlling authority in Survey matters subject to the orders of Government. The administrative charge of the Revenue Survey Department is vested inthe Superintendent of Revenue Survey and Settlements. This includes the settlement of remuneration payable to Patels and Shanbhogs, the allocation of minor inams, the work con- . nected with the preparation and proposals for the settlement of land revenue in specific areas, the announcement and introduction of Settlement rates end the preparation and custody of all records connected with the Revenue Survey. His gazetted staff consists of a Personal Assistant, an Assistant Settlement Officer and the Assistant in charge of Survey Records Office These officers are generally of the rank of Assistant Commissioners.

3. Deputy Superintendent.—Subject to the control of the Superintendent, the Deputy Superintendent exercises executive control over Field Establishments He is also entrusted with the functions of Chief Audit Officer of the Department. He is required to inspect the Field Establishments as often as may be necessary during both the Field and Monsoon seasons. He conducts the settlement operations of such taluks as may be entrusted to him; and has in addition to perform miscellaneous duties such as those connected with a special Akar Dufter and Survey training Schools for officers of other Departments.

4. Inspection of Field Establishments.—The Superintendent and the Deputy Superintendent are expected when inspecting Field Establishments to examine the accounts, to test the veracity of measuring instruments, and to éest the work of both the fieldmen and the Assistants in order to see whether their work has satisfied the requirements of the several rules and orders prescribed in that behalf. (HK. A. G. 44, dated 22nd February 1916.) |

The visits must be more frequent and the examination more thorough in the case of junior and inexperienced officers than in the case of others.

5. Assistant Superintendent.—Assistant Superintendents hold charge of Field Establishments and they are held responsible for the proper working, good order and discipline of the Establishments placed. under their control. Their statutory duties are prescribed in Section: 107, 108, 126, 127, 128, 130 and 133 of Mysore Land Revenue Code, IV of 1888.

6. Status.—Assistant Superintendents in charge of Field Establishments generally hold the rank of Assistant Commissioners.

7. Headquarters.—The station of an Assistant Superintendent in the field season is the taluk or taluks assigned to him and he cannot without permission be. absent from that aiue

except on authorized holidays.

8. Presence in the field.—In the event of an Assistant Superintendent being deputed to a taluk in which Survey operations were not in progress during the preceding season, he should arrange to move out with his Hstablishment on the due date. If owing to any reason, he is detained, he should join his charge within three days of the commencement of Survey operations as the prevention of difficulties, if any, at the outset is of material consequence and this can be best managed by the officer in charge being himself onthe spot. If employed in a taluk in which Survey operations had been in progress during the preceding season, the Assistant Superintendent must join his Establishment within seven days of the date fixed for the commencement of field work.

9. Arrangement of field work.—An Assistant Sanevintent: d@ént must so arrange his field work that all his men may if possible, be within five or six miles of his camp. Young and inexperienced measurers should be as near to his camp as’ possible so that their work might be supervised at frequent intervals.

10. Inspection of measurer’s work. — Assistant Superintendents should carefully examine every measurer’s books, records and maps once in & month to see that they are all written up to date in accordance with rules. Frequent visits in the field and detailed examination of.all the books and records in the Assistant Superintendent's camp constitute an important part of an officer’s duties.

11. Office accommodation and supply of furniture.—Assistant Superintendents should provide office accommodation and furniture out.of the fixed tentage allowed to them.

. 12. DLeave.—As a general rule, leave will not be granted to Survey officers during the field season (G. O. No. 2857 of 1865). When applying for leave, either during the field season or barasathi, the officer should state what arrangements he would propose for carrying on the duties of the Establishment during his absence on leave.

13. Christmas Holidays.—The work of the Survey Department should be considered as emergent business for purposes of Christmas Holidays and Assistant Superintendents cannot ordinarily be permitted to be absent when the Establishments are working in the field.

t4. Grant of leave to measurers. osetia the monsoon season Assistant Superintendents can grant any official io their Establishments casual leave for eight days. Leave of all other descriptions except sick leave requires the sanction of the Deputy Superintendent.

15. Powers of fining.—lIn the first year of his being placed in charge of an Establishment the officer must submit for sanc- ‘tion all cases of fines imposed by him. Assistant Superintendents

R.S.M, BZ over one year in charge have to submit for confirmation in Form No. 69 all cases of fines in excess of 10% of an official's salary. Fine submitted for confirmation cannot be levied until sanctioned.

Chapter II. Recruitment And Training Of Gazetted Officers

16. Appointments to the Gazetted ranks in the Revenue Survey Department are made upon such conditions and pay as may be prescribed by Government. When an Assistant Commissioner belonging to the Mysore Civil Service Cadre is depnted for employment in the Revenue Survey Department, he should, in addition to the training and tests prescribed under the Mysore Civil Service Rules, be trained in the work of the Department and will be required to pass the Departmental Examination in Survey work. Other Probationers posted for duty in the Survey Department will have to qualify themselves in such tests including an examination in Kannada and undergo such training as may be prescribed from time to time by the Superintendent. A Probhationer who has not shown adequate progress during his course of training will have his confirmation deferred.

17. Equipment.—The Probationer should maintain a servicable riding horse and equip himself with a tent for camping in the field when a tentage is allowed to him.

- 18. Field training.—As a rule, Assistant Commissioners and other officers deputed for work in the Department will be first attached to a measuring establishment for one year and © they are required to maintain a diary showing their daily occupation and a copy thereof has to be forwarded every .month to the Deputy Superintendent, countersigned by ‘the Assistant - Superintendent in charge of the Establishment. The period of . training of other Probationers appointed for the first time in Government service 1s generally extended to two years. The . Assistant Superintendent should take a leading share in training the Probationer in all branches of work in Field Establishment. :

19. Departmental Examination.--On being satisfied that the progress made by a Probationer during his training was good, he will be required to sit for a Departmental Examination as detailed below before being placed in charge of an KEstablishment.

(1) About 20 written questions on the measurer’s rules to be answered in writing and five questions regarding ‘ points of practice in an Assistant’s duties, not expressly provided for in the rules. | | | | ,

(2) Detailing and explaining the various returns and statements which are sent in, by an Assistant Superintendent in

§ charge of a measuring establishment to the Depnty Superintendent. :

(3) Producing the plots of twenty numbers measured in the ordinary manner with Theéodolite, including at least four separate tests or blocks, and contents found by scale, ten numbers ineasured as a Measurer measures with chain and cross-staff and ten numbers measured with Theodolite and chain, the contents of the main triangles being found by Trigonometry and of the offsets by calculation of base and perpendicular.