A text-book of the diseases of the small domestic animals

Preface

Tuts book is intended to be a practical text on the Diseases of the Small Domestic Animals. The author feels that it is inadvisable to write an exhaustive treatise on this subject, as it is primarily intended to be a book for student use and for the busy practitioner. An attempt has been made to include most of the important diseases (medical and surgical) of small animals with which the veterinarian comes in contact. It is hoped that it will serve the purpose for which it is written.

The author does not claim originality for all the material in the book. The literature and standard books have been consulted freely. |

For scientific reasons the metric system has been used throughout the text. A table of equivalents in weights and measures has been inserted so'that the dosage can be readily determined in the other system, if desired. ‘This was thought to be more desirable than including both under the treatment of each disease. : .

The author wishes to express his appreciation for the valued assistance rendered by his colleagues in the College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, in the preparation of the manuscript. He is especially indebted to Colonel David S. White, Dean, for his kindness in arranging and correcting the manuscript, and for his advice relative to the subject matter, and in many other ways contributing to the value of the book. Also to Dr. James Howard Snook lV PREFACE for suggestions in the chapter on skin diseases and various other problems as they presented themselves. ‘The author’s thanks are extended to Dr. John Newton Shoemaker and others who have been liberal with their assistance during the preparation of the manuscript.

O. Vie Columbus, Ohio, 1921.

Chapter I. Diseases Of The Nasal Passages

Examination y oars og!

Acute Nasal Catarrh (Cory yza. Rhinitis) Empyema of the Infraorbital Fosse of Birds - : Sms Infectious Nasal Catarrh of Rabbits (Rabbit Pitene. apie Influenza. Rabbit Distemper)

Parasitic Nasal Catarrh of Rabbits (ihinitis aceite. Chronic Nasal Catarrh (Chronic Coryza. Rhinitis) . Epistaxis Pree eee Parasites of the Nasal Passages Neoplasms of the Nasal Passages

Papillomata

Polypoid Biramnats

Malignant Tumors

Chapter II. Diseases Of The Larynx

Acute Laryngitis Chronic Laryngitis .

Chapter III. Diseases Of The Trachea And Bronchial Tubes

Examination : Acute Tracheitis and Bune bats ‘ Bronchial Catarrh of Birds de caniehania) Mycotic Pneumonia (Aspergillosis)

Animal Parasites in the Trachea and Bronchiz al Tubes aap,

Gapes in Chickens) Chronic Tracheitis and Branches

20 22 23 24 25 28 28 28 29

30 ol

Vi CONTENTS

Chapter IV. Diseases Of The Lungs

Examination Congestion of the Tone (Hopeceme of the Laas) Active Congestion . a Ger Sn Seales Passive Congestion ; Pulmonary Edema (Edema of ne reas) Bronchopneumonia (Catarrhal Pneumonia)

Cirrhosis of the Lungs (Chronic Interstitial Pasuiona :

Foreign Body Pneumonia (Gangrene of the Lungs)

Chapter V. Diseases Of The Pleura

Pleuritis (Pleurisy) .

Hydrothorax Pneumothorax Hemothorax .

PART If.

DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.

Chapter I. Diseases Of The Pericardium

Examination Pericarditis Hydropericardium (Dropsy of ae Pericardium) Hemopericardium Sete ik Pe

Chapter II. Diseases Of The Heart

. Valvular Insufficiency and Stenosis Myocarditis .

Acute My Mee

Chronic Myocarditis .

Acute Endocarditis. . .

Hypertrophy and Dilatation a ine aon Rupture of the Heart

47 49 49 50 52 53 57 58

60 65 66 67

Part III. Diseases Of The Digestive Tract

CHAPTER, 1.

DISEASES OF THE Moura.

Examination Stomatitis : Catarrhal Stomatitis Ulcerative Stomatitis .

Gangrenous Stomatitis (Canker of ihe Mouth) Phlegmonous Stomatitis . ieee Parasitic Sto natitis (Thrush. Soar. Aphtha) Benign Neoplasms of the Mouth .

Papillomata Fibromata .

Osteoma,.

Retention oo @amalay : Malignant Neoplasms of the Mouth .

Epitheliomata .

Sarcomata .

Foreign Bodies in the Mouth .

CHAPTER II.

DISEASES OF THE TEETH.

Examination ‘ Malformations of the Teeth Fractures of the Teeth .

Incrustations of Tartar Re we Alveolar Periostitis (Ponicerentiies Heeriodnaniew) Caries of the Teeth

Chapter III. Diseases Of The Tongue

Examination Glossitis .

Gangrene of the Tongue hen ienoue Gibesitiay

Vil

107 107 108 108 108 109

Vill CONTENTS

Chapter IV. Diseases Of The Salivary Glands

Parotitis (Mumps) .

Submaxillary and sublnenal Glapdse Salivary Fistula sets

Chapter V. Diseases Of The Tonsils

Examination Tonsillitis and Tgenpha deni:

CHAPTER, Vile:

DISEASES OF THE PHARYNX.

Examination Pharyngitis . : Acute BRaeyneue ; Chronic Pharyngitis Foreign Bodies in the Pharynx Paralysis of the Pharynx Croupous Pharyngitis of Birds Neoplasms of the Pharynx Polypoid Growths .

Epithelioma

Chapter VII. Diseases Of The Esophagus

Examination .

Esophagitis . .

Foreign Bodies (Obsimnetions in | Bsophagus) . Esophagismus :

Stricture of the Hisepieiaes :

Dilatations and Diverticula of tlie Eeephaets Catarrh of the Crop in Birds (Soft Crop) : Obstruction of the Crop in Birds (Hard Crop) . Neoplasms of the Esophagus . ee Se

115 115 118 118

120 120

.¢ 828

CHAPTER, VII.

DISEASES OF THE STOMACH.

Examination Gastritis .

Acute Cane Acinapie Ghiaerhy of he ‘seemeel: Acute

Dyspepsia)

Chronic Gastritis (Cliroits apa a ae S(Oniben. @hionic

Dyspepsia) Foreign Bodies in the Stamael Acute Dilatation of the Stomach .

Chronic Dilatation of the Stomach . .

Ulceration of the Stomach (Ulcus Ventriculi Hematemesis Parasites in the Sha aach Neoplasms in the Stomach.

Chapter IX. Diseases Of The Intestines

Examination Enteritis . : Acute Bateritiy.

Chronic Enteritis . ; Intestinal Hemorrhage (Enterormhagia) Diarrhea . ; BoD Sap LOO) Sa A Constipation ' (Opaipanion®) Intestinal Obstruction) Volvulus . ; Intussusception . : Wounds of the Intestines Croupous Enteritis of Cats (\Metibtanctus Hnteritia) Infectious Asthenia of Birds

Chapter X. Parasites In The Intestines

Helminthiasis

Teeniasis (Cestoda) .

Teenie in Dogs Teenie in the Intestine of tlie: C bi Teenie in the Intestine of Rabbits Teenize in the Intestines of Birds .

142 142

Round worms (ecareys ; Round Worms in the Intestine fi rhe Wee Round Worms in the Intestine of the Cat Round Worms in the Intestine of the Rabbit Round Worms in the Intestine of Birds

Strongylide (Hookworm) Strongylide in the Teese of ihe ange Strongylide in the Intestine of the Cat Strongylide in the Intestine of the Rabbit

Trichinellide (Whipworm) : Trichinellidz in the Intestine ae the Does: Trichinellide in the Intestine of the Rabbit . Trichinellidz in the Intestine of Birds

CHAPTER, XT.

DISEASES OF THE RECTUM AND ANUS.

Examination : Occlusion of the Reetuan and ‘Abas Proctitis .' .

Hemorrhoids (Piles) Prolapse of the Rectum Parasites in the Rectum Neoplasms in the Rectum .

Suppuration of the Anal Glands .

Chapter XII. Diseases Of The Liver

Examination Icterus (Jaundice) .

Congestion of the Liver

Active Congestion

Passive Congestion Hepatitis

Suppurative Hewatine nN peeae of the Emer e Atrophy of the Liver Pe eau Fatty Liver .

Amyloid Liver .

Cirrhosis of the Liver (Comic ee eal Hepatinieyn. Neoplasms of the Liver ne fi antag: Cholelithiasis. Gall-stones

Rupture of the Liver (Ruptura Hepat Apoplexia Hepatis) .

225 225

2 woe

CHAPTER XIII. General Remarks Rembonitis: ©. 0.0 oS

Acute Peritonitis

Chronic Peritonitis : letra, Kinet eli et so ee he Ascites (Hydrops pdemaee Hydrops Ascites. Hydrops Peritonei) . Sgt AT IL aT seh ct alg oie a a

PARI

DISEASES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS.

Chapter I. Diseases Of The Penis And Prepuce

eee ion

Wounds of the Bens al Brenure

Congenital Malformations .

Preputial Catarrh (Balanitis) .

Phimosis .

Paraphimosis_

Tumors of the Penis ail Brepiics, Papillomata Sarcomata, cipneleewaaea hal eeecinomaie Venereal Granulomata

- CHAPTER II.

DISEASES OF THE TESTES AND SCROTUM.

Wounds and Injuries of the Testes and Scrotum Orchitis Tumors of the Borin ing rTivates Parasites in the Scrotum and Testes (Cuterebra caiaaeoulnier) Castration (Orchectomy) .

Castration of the Dog Castration of the Mi enenchia std C meueabid Dor ; Castration of the Cat .

Castration of Birds (Caponizing)

Xl

248 250 250 259

. 263

SS ete aor wWwWN RK ae

Xl CONTENTS

Chapter VI. Diseases Of The Uterus

Examination Metritis .

Acute Metnitis..

Chronic Metritis (Peace Puerperal Septicemia ..

Eversion of the Uterus (Prolene Torsion of the Cornua Uteri .

Rupture of the Uterus .

Tumors of the Uterus

Fibromata .

Myomata..

Hydrometra Dystocia .

Inversion of the Uterus).

279 279

Bol

291 291 291

304 304 -

Chapter VII. Diseases Of The Vagina And Vulva

Examination : Congenital Mialfotinations: Vaginitis and Vulvitis .

Prolapse of the Vagina .

Rupture of the Vagina . : Tumors of the Vulva and Vagina Fibromata .

Papillomata.

Sarcomata : Venereal enlonate

Chapter VIII. Diseases Of The Mammary Glands

Examination Wounds and Beart ar ie Winer: Glande Congestion of the Mammary Glands Mammitis (Mastitis) Tumors of the Mammary Glands, Benign Tumors Fibromata Lipoma Malignant Tumors Carcinomata .

Sarcomata

PART YV.

DISEASES OF THE BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCING ORGANS.

CHAPTER I. Anemia

Leukemia

Infectious Teles of Gaickene : Pseudoleukemia (Hodgkin’s Disease) Hemophilia . ;

Scurvy (Scorbutus)

xl

—_ — nDmnwwbh Ww we & CO NI Ot bo

X1V CONTENTS

Animal Parasites in the Blood. (Filariz. Metastronguline) . 330 Dirofilaria Immitis (Filaria Immitis)" 7 3. . =. ..) eet Hematozodn Lewist’!.. o> 0.0 RO Sk a _ ee Hemostrongylus Vasorum: © ... 0: (596. > Spiroptera Sanguinolenta «| bp Os b a > LA ae sa er”

Chapter II. Diseases Of The Thyroid Glands

Examination and General Consideration. . . . . . . . 8a4

Congestion of the Thyroid Glands . . °: .-* .) 1.) eee

Acute Thyroiditis: 2 ..° 4.04, «20 axe 4 ee

Goiter (Struma. Bronchocelé) . 9°... 5°. 6) ae Parenchymatous Goiter =. 5. 0. « .

Cystic: Gower err ke ee Wee Hibrous Gorter. 6. GO ee ee ee Vascular Goiter -..-.6 20. ae re ee Malignant Goiter . . . mere

Exophthalmic Goiter (Bradlow S nese. Graves’s Disease) 343

Ake ave DISEASES OF METABOLISM.

CHAPTER I.

DIsEASES OF METABOLISM.

Diabetes... ois, Np eet gd S26 8 isha Se iene ae Diabetes erie ees ede ake Vankleek | tie aaa a arr Diabetes: Mellitus. 2405 oy Os ew 2 a, OS a

Obesity .. Sty ony na ee rr

Gout (Podagra. Ae hee Tey: t GOT a ae

Feather Eating (Feather Pulling in Birds) ~ file (4 ak

CHAPTER II.

DIsEASES OF METABOLISM AFFECTING PRIMARILY THE BONES.

Rachitis (Rickets) . . . OW ae ee rr Osteomalacia (pmcleness of Bones: So PE Pe eee

CONTENTS XV

(PARE VEE.

DISEASES OF THE ORGANS OF LOCOMOTION.

CHAPTER I.

Articular Rheumatism (Polyarthritis Rheumatica) . . . . 363 Pieces nenmaiistte 9 es ee Ee wo BOD Peeeeiotbones er seek BAe eee B68 Cranial Bones . .. i tye Re oc ile erg® Raat a) 6: Fracture of the Inferior Masia: an ete eee nh OO Fracture of the Vertebre nema eee Mere Ci Ne MAS SiC) Hacremaneror thenkitbsyes 2 yo. ae SF emeente Ol ine Scapwlan the 6 Pe Le ee STI Fracture of the Humerus. . Oe es le Oe Ri alae a oe ne Fracture of the Radius and Wias, Sow Ree ae A Se ROLE Fracture of the Metacarpal and Phalangeal Bowes Sipe yer 7.9) 62) _Fracture of the Pelvis 24 ig a cost et Re oe ee Ne Pe aa 3 Perce atthe Femur “99° °. 9. Oe CA fmrrcire or the Patella «=. 9... 7. ee BLD Feaepure of the Tibia and Fibula -.-: 9... . . . . 875

CHAPTER: If.

DISEASES OF THE ARTICULATIONS.

Wounds of the Articulations .. aves e Naeomamnries. Banw etc V7 0" Sprains and Injuries to the Loy aie eaes ia, ei A nee ei oY" Dislocation of the Articulations (Luxation) . . . . . . . 378 Temporomaxillary ME et IE. 8 Re LL eee anaes air ee ame ee Shy She Te ee 5) Sa SN es Tee peo Dem ontrnet ims Em c yoke eo eg PMMENGeTaCdOrtinah 0 fee 2 a og we ws ea we OND PPamiosiinat-Carpal. oo. Gk ee ey we ew OD EUG uve 72 il coho a igo | GIN Ae le a eR ae i eae ES oh TEELATE eT MSS) ane li IAS Se I cea ee ee me |. 1 OL PoE oir oad Eas ie a me oF oe A+ eee Mee EI Nee Se ete ky lk ke Ae i uk a OD Caudal Vertebre . .. 383

Inflammation of the Synovial Mieuibns ane aad eieaens. SMA TETIE) el el eth lk we ee a! B88 xvi CONTENTS

PART VET. +

DISEASES OF THE URINARY SYSTEM.

CHAPTER I.

DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS.

Examination 5 Congestion of the Kidneys (kigperemisy ) Acute Hyperemia . Be Passive Hyperemia Inflammation of the Kidneys (Nephiritia) Acute Nephritis Chronic Nephritis .

Purulent Nephritis (Kidney Abacos) Inflammation of the Renal Pelvis Se aay Uremia : Calculi in the iidney, iNepimolthncay . Se Dropsy of the Kidney (Hydronephrosis. Cystic Kidney). Amyloid Kidney Tee TB Soy Tumors in the Kidney .

Animal Parasites in the Kidney Dioctophyme Renale (Eecianes tn Gieas) Other Parasites in the Kidney :

CHAPTER II.

DISEASES OF THE BLADDER.

Wounds of the Bladder:

Rupture of the Bladder

Retention of Urine in the Bladder (Retentio Uni ine Vesicntan Incontinence of Urine At vike Pees 3

Catarrh of the Bladder (Cy otis SMe ene

Torsion of the Bladder . é

Calculi in the Bladder .

Tumors of the Bladder .

Parasites in the Bladder

Chapter III. Diseases Of The Urethra

Congenital WMalvotinations ‘Oedhimian of ihe Urethea): Wounds of the Urethra.

Stricture of the Urethra

Calculi in the Urethra . .

Inflammation of the Urethra Ghee

Padi TX.

DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Chapter I. Diseases Of The Brain

General Considerations Examination : Psychic Be sonbenices : Sensibility . . .

Hyperemia of the Brain iGoagesion a ihe Brain). Anemia of the Brain (Cerebral Anemia) . Meningo-encephalitis Cerebral Hemorrhage (Apopleny) Tumors of the Brain

CHAPTER II. DISEASES OF THE SPINAL Corp

General Considerations Examination Meningomyelitis

Concussion of the Spinal Cont cate ies of the Bee al Cor |

Compression of the Spinal Cord

XVil

425 425 426 426 427 429

443 443 443 445 448

XVill CONTENTS

Chapter III. Diseases Of The Peripheral Nervous System

Injuries of the Peripheral Nerves. . . . +’ i en Pressure upon the Peripheral Nerves (Conmprescion) . | 5) earn: Paralysis of the Peripheral Nerves . . =. <<... 333g Facial Nerve 9. ee Oa Trigeminal Nerve... . ... | %.. . ) Soe Auditory Nerve. 200. 3°. . t: i: 2) re Radial Nerve... 0. 05° 2. ow a) GS > 2 rs Brachial Plexus. 2° 23) 0. 1. cs 1 a sciatic Nerve. 2.x 5 0. a 9. «. + 2). eee CHAPTER IV.

FuncTIONAL NERvovus DISEASES.

Vertigo (Megrim) . 2.0. nf ue 2 a

Epilepsy .. ~ 8 8 be le

Reflex or Secondary Bpilepsy . 4% a a e2 2Saere!

Catalepsy: kx. %o\. : PO

CHOFEA | ko Bo ae ea, a

elamapsia ons @. 0 25 2 1. oe eh PART X.

DISEASES OF THE SKIN.

CHAPTER I. Non—-PARASITIC SKIN DISEASES

Examination ET Meee WDeameratt so. Sea woe ca a ai (Mlopectia . 206s ges a ee Se ee ee re WeTIMABILIS | ak. J Reet Re Re 2 set eS pMiGne: wee ck Re ae a ei ne

Mezenaaen oe Ba ee

CHAPTER II. Fleas

Race... ie Nay pee ae Scabies iMasce. Red Mange. Itch)

Sarcoptes Mite ae eS.

Demodex Mite Dermatomycosis (Vegetable Barasitie Tear = the Skin) Herpes Tonsurans (Ringworm. Red Itch) . ft a UAE tec Favus (Honeycomb Ringworm. Comb Disease. White Comb)

PART Xt.

DISEASES OF THE EAR.

Examination 2 Wounds of the Ear . : Ulceration of the Concha .

Hematoma , Otitis Externa (Qtorthea) Otitis Media and Interna .

Tumors (Neoplasms of the Ear) Papillomata Sebaceous Tumors or Can P Parasites in the Ear Deafness .

Ear Fistula

PART XH.

DISEASES OF THE EYE.

CHAPTER I.

DISEASES OF THE EYELIDS.

Examination : Wounds of the Ey aida. : Inflammation of the Eyelids (Bleph: aril

X1X

497 497 498

XX CONTENTS

Malposition of the Eyelids Entropion ; Ectropion Ptosis Gbleeilanepeasies Paralysis of the Orbicularis Nerve Spasm of the Orbicularis Nerve (Benharo mene Trichiasis .

Districhiasis .

Adhesions of the Ey Slide Ankyloblepharon Symblepharon .

Lagophthalmos .

Tumors of the Eyelids .

Papillomata (Warts) Chalazion (Meibomian Cy: aie Pilosebaceous Cysts : Lipoma and Sebaceous Thennone f in Binds Enlargement of the Glands of Moll Granulomas Malignant Neoplacie

CHAPTER II.

DISEASES OF THE CONJUNCTIVA.

Examination Conjunctivitis

Catarrhal Goniun civic s :

Purulent Conjunctivitis @ismontien) ‘

Parenchymatous Conjunctivitis (Erysipelatious Genjunches

tis) ;

Croupous Conjinotnan :

Follicular Conjunctivitis .

Exanthematous Conjunctivitis Pterygium Traumatic Lesions of the @onjunenae

Foreign Bodies in the Conjunctiva .

Wounds of the Conjunctiva Corrosions and Burns of the Conjunctiva Ulceration of the Conjunctiva Tumors and Growths on the @onsanciwa Inflammation of the Membrana Nictitans Wounds of the Membrana Nictitans .

Tumors of the Membrana Nittitans .

. 608

508 508

Chapter III. Diseases Of The Lacrimal Apparatus

Examination © Lacrimation (aipiphora)

Dacryocystitis .

CHAPTER. Ly: DISEASES OF THE CORNEA.

Examination Keratitis .

N Pee npuranive erie Superficial Keratitis .

Vascular Keratitis (Pannus) .

Keratitis Pigmentosa (Pigmentary ernie ).

Keratitis Punctata Superficialis (Facetted Keratitis)

Parenchymatous Keratitis Keratitis Punctata Profunda Suppurative Keratitis Ulceration of the Cornea Abscess of the Cornea Keratitis Neuroparalytica Keratitis from Lagophthalmus .

Foreign Bodies and Wounds of the Cornea . Opacities of the Cornea Ectasia of the Cornea Inflammatory Ectasia Staphyloma Keratectasia Non-inflammatory etna JXeratoconus Keratoglobus .

Tumors of the Cornea .

Chapter IX. Diseases Of The Globe And Orbit

Panophthalmitis.

Glaucoma ; Hydropthalmus .

Exophthalmus Luxation of the Byeball Enophthalmus Strabismus

Nystagmus

Parasites of the Bye Fracture of the Orbit Inflammation of the Orbit Tumors of the Orbit

542 542 544

546 546

CONTENTS XXl1ll

PART XA: HERNIA.

General Remarks Umbilical Hernia Ventral Hernia .

Inguinal Hernia Inguinal Hernia in he Female Inguinal and Scrotal Hernia in the Male Femoral Hernia .

Diaphragmatic Hernia .

Perineal Hernia .

PART XIV.

INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

CHAPTER I. AcuTE GENERAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Distemper of Dogs .

Distemper of Cats hh eee be hal TB eg ss Typhus of Dogs (Canine Tear Hemorrhagic Gastro-enteritis. Dog Plague. Black Tongue) :

Purpura Hemorrhagica of Dogs

Fowl Cholera (Cholera Gallinarum. eeeieurelloste Asam. Fowl Typhoid) : Fe a ey

Fowl Pest (Fowl Plagne. Pestus Avium)