An historical and descriptive account of the town & castle of Warwick; and of the neighbouring spa of Leamington; to which are added, short notices of the towns, villages, etc. within the circuit of ten miles. Intended principally for the information of strangers

Front matter

THE J. PAUL GETTY MUSEUM LIBRARY

•

AN*

Chap. I

WARWICK founded by Gutheliae — enlarged by Guiderius— destroyed by the Picts — repaired by Caractacus— fortified by the Romans — destroyed a second time by the Picts — rebuilt by Constantine — destroyed a third time by the Picts — rebuilt by Giodyr — a fourth time destroyed by the Saxons — ■ rebuilt by Warremurul — disputed whether a Roman Station — a fifth time destroyed by the Danes — rebuilt, and the Castle founded by Etheljleda — a sixth time destroyed by the Danes — rebuilt— fortified, and the Castle strengthened by order of William I. — paved and improved by Guy de Beauchump — its ancient Churches and Edifices enumerated — represented early in Parliament — incorporated — destroyed by Fire — rebuilt.

G UTHELINE, or, as he is otherwise called, Kimberline, who was King of the Britons, about the Christian era, is said by Rous, the celebrated antiquary, himself a native of the place, to have been the FOUNDER of WARWICK.* Its name originally, according to him, was Caer-guthleon, and, by contraction, Caer-leon; from Caer, which signifies a city, and Guthlin, the name of its ^ founder. He, also, asserts that the town was considerably enlarged and improved by Guiderius, another British King ; that it afterwards suffered greatly, during the wars of the Picts and Scots ; and that it continued in a ruinous condition, till it was rebuilt by Caractacus, the most distinguished of all the early British Princes, who erected in it a manor-house for himself, and founded a church in the market-place, dedicated to St. John the Baptist,

* His. Reg. Angl. p. HS4 &c.

A

■J

£ARLY HISTORY

Destroyed by the Picts — Rebuilt by Gwdyr — Made a Bishop's See.

When this high-spirited but unfortunate prince, after a brave and vigorous resistance of nine years, was completely subdued by the power of the Roman arms, in the reign of the Emperor Claudius ; his general, Pub. Ost. Scapula, A. D. 50. in order to secure his conquests, as we are informed by Tacitus, erected various fortifications, on the rivers Avon and Severn ;* one of which, there is considerable reason to believe, was at Warwick, as will be more distinctly stated in the sequel of this chapter.

After its restoration and enlargement under the fostering cares of Caractacus, and the final secession of the Romans, from the whole Island in the year 426, Rous further asserts that Warwick was again laid in ruins, during one of those sudden and frequent wars which usually mark the character of barbarous ages ; and that it was again rebuilt by Constantine, another British king, who called it Caer-Umber. Upon his death, it was a third time exposed to the desolating calamities of war ; and, from that period, continued in a ruinous state, till it was a third time, rebuilt by another British king, named Gwdyr, who called it after himself, Caer Gwar. About that period of its history, if the fact be sufficiently verified, Warwick was made a Bishop's see, by Dubretius, afterwards Bishop of St. Davids, who chose for his episcopal church, not St, Johns, but another, All Saints', which stood on the site, where the Castle was afterwards built. This season of its prosperity was, however, short ; and the town was exposed to neiv and dreadful devastations, during the time of the Saxon

Destroyed by the Saxons — Rebuilt by Wurremund — and caU'd Warreayk,.

invasions. But when that warlike people had completely established themselves in the country, and had divided it into provinces, the Kingdom of Mercia was allotted to Wamemund ; and by him the town was once more rebuilt, and was called, after his name, Warrewyk. In the time of the Anglo-Saxons, however, this town was certainly called werhica, as appears from the inscription on an existing and genuine Saxon penny,* of Harthacnut, minted at this place. It is also Written in the Saxon Chronicle werinca, and W/eringwic, and the county is called w.erinwickshir^.^i

But to this account of the foundation and the subsequent events, in the early history of Warwick*, as related by Rous, and recited with approbation by Dugdale, some considerable objections have been opposed, by several antiquarians, and particularly by Dr. Thomas,!! the learned Editor of an enlarged edition of the Antiquities of Warwickshire, published in 1 / 30. In his opinion, the town was not of British but of Saxon origin ; and that it was ever a Roman station is a supposition utterly rejected by him. The facts, on which he principally relies, are, that no Roman antiquities have ever been discovered here; and that, there was a military station, beyond all doubt, at Chesterton, only six miles distant — whence it seems improbable that another should have been established, so near as Warwick. Upon the whole, however, not only

* This curious coin, hitherto unpublished, and as to the name of this town,- unique, is in the cabinet of William Siauntcn, Esq. of Longbridge, near Warwick.

§ From waring^ a mound or bulwark, artd wyk, or wick, a town, the curved bank of a river, or a castle. Sax. Chron. p. 101.

Jj See Thomas' Edit, of DveDALE, vel. i. p. ,171. Ward's Ne\t Surrey, p. 498* A *

Disputed -whether a lioman Station — Destroyed by the Danes.

Dugdale, but most of the great antiquarians, as Camden, Baxter, Stukeley, Salmon, and Bartlett,* admit as credible the account of Rous ; and assert not only that Warwick was originally a British town but that it was afterwards a Roman Station. This account, they think, is greatly confirmed by one of its ancient names, Caer~ Gwar, derived, they say, from a British word, signifying presidium L a garrison : and is still further confirmed by the situation of the place — which is on a fine rocky elevation, such as was usually chosen by the Romans — ■ on the banks of the Avon, where, Tacitus affirms several fortifications were actually erected — in the very center, too, of the island, like the Presidium in Corsica — and closely adjoining to the Fosse Way leading from Cirencester, and uniting Avith the great Roman Road, called Watting Street. A situation so happily adapted to all the purposes of a military station, it may well be supposed, could scarcely be overlooked ;|| and some have even ventured to give it, as their opinion, that Warwick is the Prcesidiiim Romanorum, mentioned in the Notitia Imperii where, it is said, a cohort of Dalmatian horse was placed, under the immediate command of the Dux Britanniarum. But this last opinion, though supported by most of the great antiquarians, just enumerated,, can

* Camden Gough's Ed. v. ii. p. 444. Baxter's British Antiquities. Stukei.ey's Itin. Curios. II. 20. Salmon's Surv. of the Rom. Stations, p. 439. Bartlett's. Hist, and Ant. of Manceter, p. 6.

|| Dr. Stukeley thought he discovered traces of an encampment, on the east §ide of the river, in a field opposite to the Castle. It. p. 20.

§ Not. Imp. Sectio. lxiii. •» Sub dispositione viri spectabilis ducis Britanniarum . Pnefectus equitum Dalmatarum, Praesidio." — Prae.Mdium is not mentioned in the Itinerary of Antoninus; but Mr. Ward and the learned Morseley suppose the Presidium or the Notitia to be the Preetorium of the her, and they fix the place of it, not at Warwick, £ut at Broaghton, in Lincolnshire. New Survey, p. 49U. Brit. Auu 481.

OF WARWICK.

Repaired, and the Castle founded by Etheifeda.

only be received, and indeed, is only given, as purely conjectural.*

After the establishment of the Saxons in Britain, the town of Warwick continued peaceful and prosperous, till at length it was destroyed by the Danes. It speedily rose, however, to more than its former consequence, under the auspices of Ethelfleda, the accomplished daughter of the great King Alfred, and the inheritor, |j in a high degree, of her father's genius and enterprizing spirit. By this Princess, who was married to Etheldred, Earl of Mercia, the town was completely repaired and considerably enlarged and improved : and by her, also, the foundation of the Castle was laid in 915; which soon became the residence of the reputed Earls § of those times, and proved of important consequence in securing the peace, not only of the town itself, but of the whole surrounding country.

Thus re-edified, enlarged, and embellished, by the cares of that active and spirited Princess, and defended by its newly-erected fortifications, Warwick enjoyed long and uninterrupted repose : till it was doomed once more to sustain dreadful injuries, from the incursions of the Danes, under Canute, in the year 10l6\ This was

* It is curious to observe how very far the strength of confidence is sometimes suffered to out-run the strength of evidence. Ireland, in his Pict. Views on the Warwickshire Avon, p. 133, thus expresses himself, '* Warwick, it is well knomi, was called by the Romans, riEesidium."

|| See Henry's Hist, of Eng. v. iii. p. 93. See also Spelman's Life of Alfred. $ They were either deputies or lieutenants to the Earls of Mercia, or else officers immediately appointed by the King. Cough's Cam. v. ii. p. 444, Dugdale, dig. Edit. 298.

Fortified, and the Castle strengthened by order of William I.

the last instance of its suffering from hostile attack : and, in tracing the early history of Warwick, it will be thought not a little remarkable that, from its foundation to the period of the Norman conquest, the town was cither greatly injured, or totally destroyed, no less than six successive times ; nor can a m6re decisive proof be demanded of its ancient consequence, than that it should have been so often assailed and destroyed, and as often repaired or rebuilt, From all the injuries it suffered, in the last attack of the Danes, the town quickly recovered : and, at the era of the Conquest, it is not only mentioned,* in Domesday Book, as a borough " burgus" containing 26 1 louses ; but was also evidently regarded as a place of considerable strength and importance.

At that period, the name of its Earl or licecount, was Turchill, £ nobleman of great power and vast possessions || in this and the neighbouring counties. As the conqueror, in order to secure his newly- acquired authority had determined to repair the fortified places, and to erect others in various parts of his dominions ; Turchij>l was directed by him to fortify the town and the castle of Warwick. In pursuance of this order, the town was surrounded with strong walls and a ditch : and the castle was strengthened and enlarged — which, till that time, consisted of little more than the keep or dungeon. On this occasion, four houses, belonging to the Priors of Coventry, were demolished.

* For an extract from Domesday Book of all that relate! to Warwick, see Appendix, No, 1.

y A long catalogue of his nnmerous Estates, amounting to no less than 48, may be veu in Duudalb, Crig. Edit. p. 3o« and Thomai's Edit. p. f>76-7.

OF WARWICK.

Ancient Churches and other Edifices.

These original fortifications were afterwards repaired, and the pavement of the town was begun in the reign of Edw. I. by Guy de Beauchamp, though not finished till long after; who, in order to defray the expense, obtained from that prince and from his successors, patents for receiving a certain toll upon all commodities, brought for sale at the public markets. Some remains of these fortifications were visible in the time of Leland, who began his Itinerary in the reign, of Henry VII. 1538. "The towne of Warwick" sayg he, " has beene right strongly ditched and walled, having the compasse of a good mile within its walls. The dike is most manifestly perceived from the castle to the West gate ; and there is the great crest of earth that the walles £tood on. Part of the walles neere the gates are yet scene. The East and West giates still remain e. The north gate is downe. The strength of the bridge, by the castle, stood for the South gate."*

The religious edifices of Warwick, those, at least, established by public authority, were in former times much more numerous, than in the present. But this difference is nearly compensated by the introduction of other places of worship, which, tho' not established or supported, are^ however, wisely and liberally protected by the state. Besides the two churches of St. Mary and St. Nicholas, which now remain ; there were formerly one dedicated to All Saints, within the precincts of the castle ; another to St. John the Baptist, in the market place ; a third to St. James, over the West gate ; a fourth to Saint Peter, over the East gate 5 a fifth to St. Sepulchre, where the Priory now stands ;

* Ilia. veL iv. p. til.

Religious institutions dissolved — Represented in Parliament.

a sixth to St. Helen, near the Bridge-end; and two others, to St. Michael and St. Lawrence, the former at the lower end of the Saltisford, and the latter at that of the West Street. There were, also, besides the Priory, a Nunnery, a House of Templars, a Hospital for the reception of strangers, called St Johris, all situated near St. Nicholas Church : a hospital for Lepers, near St. MichaeVs ; a House of Preaching Friars, commonly called the Black Friars, near the West-street, and two Guilds, 4>r Lay Fraternities, at the upper end of the same street.

Of the original foundation, and subsequent history of these various ancient edifices, little is known ; but it appears that, in the reign of Edw. III. the churches of St. John, St. Michael, St. Lawrence, St. Peter, and St. James were falling fast into decay ; and that some of them were, besides, without the convenience of ground for sepulture. It was found, also, that the church of St. Mary, together with that of St. Nicholas, was of a size sufficient to accommodate all that usually resorted to the public services of religion. To these two churches only, by an ecclesiastical decree, bearing date 13 67, all the inhabitants were, therefore, required to repair, for the purposes of public devotion. The other churches were then abandoned to their fate ; and, in the progress of time, by decay and dilapidation, most of them disappeared, leaving not a trace behind. The other religious or charitable institutions continued till the time of the Reformation, when they were all dissolved.

At what period of time Warwick began to send Members to Parliament, cannot be ascertained. From the Rolls of Parliament, however, it appears that it

Of WARWICK.

0/$ce o/* Mayor instituted — Town incorporated.

was represented in that Assembly, as early as any of the boroughs. Dugdale* refers to an order, in the 28th of Edw. I. addressed to the municipal officers of the town, to defray the reasonable expences of Will, de Stodely and Philip de Rous for their services in Parliament, in that year at Westminster ; and also to a similar order, in the reign of Edward IIL

Nor does it appear when the office of Mayor was first instituted ; nor whether, after its institution, it continued without interruption* The first of the orders just mentioned, was addressed to the Mayor and Bailiffs ; the second, to the Bailiffs only ; and yet in the 7th of Edw. I. one Thomas Payn is mentioned, as bearing the office of Mayor*

Whatever prescriptive right, the inhabitants might claim, it was not, according to Dugdale, till the reign of Philip and Mary, that they were incorporated by royal charter, under the name of Bailiff' and Burgesses, with powers to elect certain officers, and enact laws, for the regulation of the town. But from Leonard's Visitation of Warwickshire , taken in 1619, II it appeal* that the town was certainly incorporated as early as the 37th of Hen. VIII. by the name of Burgesses only. In the reign of King James L a new charter was granted, which did little more than give confirmation to the former. This was followed, in the reign of Will, and Mary, by another and a last charter, bearing date March 5, 1694, under the authority of which the Corporation now act ; and of which, therefore, an abstract will be given in the Appendix. §

* Dcodale's Warwickshire, Orig. Ed. p. 341. JJ This ancient M.S. is in

the possession of Wm. Stavntoh, Esq. $ Appendix, No. 2.

B

Town destroyed by a great Fire.

In the same year, 1694, happened the Great Fire, which left more than half the town a heap of smoaking ruins. On the 5th of September in that year, about two in the afternoon, it is related, as a person was crossing a lane, with a piece of lighted wood in his hand, a spark flew from it, and fell on the thatch of an adjoining house, which was soon in flames* Thuscommencing near the south-western extremity of the High Street,* the fire rapidly spread, aided by a most violent and boisterous wind, utterly destroying both sides of that street, and extending thence some way down Jury Street. It then changed its direction, and advancing up the Church Street, it entirely consumed the eastern side ; and extended on the western, with destructive fury, as far as the Market Place, great part of which was laid level with the ground. Some houses in Sheep Street were also destroyed ; and the flames were unfortunately communicated to St. Marrfs Church, from some half-burnt goods which were conveyed into lt> as a place of safety. The body of that venerable structure was burnt down ; bat happily the chancel, the chapter-house, and the Beauchamp chapel escaped. In the short space of six bou^ the habitations of no less than 250

• The following is taken from the Harl. M. S. 6839. F. 342. in the British Museum. —

t( An account of the dreadfull ffire at Warwick, which happened the 5th Instant, at 2 in the aftcrnoone.

** Tim irresistible fire in five hours time consumed all the High Street, Church Street, Ship Street, the Great Church, many Lanes, and oilier Buildings: the howses are numbered at present at 4601b. ; the damage ai t he least amounts to 1 20,0001b. ; this account was sent yesterday to our Bishop, with a particular of the money already sent for their Reliefc, Coventry. 2()0lb, Birmingham, lOOlb. Lord Brooke, 40lb. Lord Coventry, 301b. in all about, 600lb. and wee are just going to make a collection for tfce support of the miserable Inhabitants.— -iron-ester, Sept. 10, 1694."

OF WARWICK.

Rebuilt by Act of Parliament.

families were entirely reduced to ashes : and the damage was estimated at above ^120,000. Subscriptions for the relief of the wretched inhabitants were immediately set on foot at Coventry, Birmingham, Worcester, and other places ; and further relief was speedily obtained, by means of briefs,* from all parts of the kingdom. The town was afterwards rebuilt, by Act of Parliament, in a more commodious and handsome form, partly of free-stone, from the rock, on which it stands. This calamity, therefore, as in many other similar instances, however dreadful at the time, has greatly contributed, in the result, to the regularity, the beauty, and the conveniency of the town ; and thus to the health, the accommodation^ and the comfort, of all its succeeding inhabitants*

* One of these briefs, which bears date Dec. 9, 1694, still remains, in the possession of William Siauntok, Esq. of Longbiidge.

Martial Tournaments at Warwick forbidden.

CHAP. II. JHemarfta&Ie <&ttuzttntt$>

JNl'ENDED Martial Tournaments at Warwick, in the Reign of Henry HI. forbidden — a Round Table held here in the Reign of Edward I. —Decapitation of Gateston on Blacklow Hill — Celebration of the Order of St. Michael a? St. Marys — Death of the Marquis of Northampton at the Priory — Visit of Queen Elizabeth — of James I. — of William III. — The Castle beseiged during the Civil Wars — Battle near Southam -—the Castle relieved — Battle of Edge Hill.

T^O the short abstract, given in the preceding chapter, of the early history of Warwick, we subjoin the following notice of some remarkable events, connected with it.

In the reign of Henry III. a numerous meeting of the Barons and others was intended to be held at Warwick, for the purpose of exercising themselves in martial tournaments, and other feats of arms. But this meeting, from an apprehension of danger to the public peace, was prohibited, by letters patent addressed to the Priors of Kenilworth, and to those of St. Sepulchre's in Warwick. A similar meeting was again proposed, and again prohibited, in the 57th year of the same reign,

In the reign of Edward I. who was one of the most accomplished knights of his time, the spirit of chivalry revived, and those assemblies, called Round Tables, were not unfrequently convened.* One of these, ||

* Henry V. 38i.

I Hist. Reg. p. 203.

OCCURRENCES.

Round Tables— Gaveston beheaded at Black low- Hill .

according to Rous, was held with great splendour at Warwick, in the year 1281 ; when crowds of natives and foreigners flocked together, from all parts, to be present on the great occasion. That either this or another similar meeting was held here seems also probable, from the curious Compotl Roll\\ of the Collegiate Church, made in the 5th Edward IV. in which 20 shillings is accounted for " de Jirma cujusdam pastur' voc' le Rownde Table." It must he admitted, however, that a piece of ground might be called by the name of Round Table, without absolutely proving that an assembly of the kind in question was ever convened in that place.

In the year 1312, Piers de Gaveston, the vain and haughty favourite of Edw. II. fell a victim to the envy and hatred, he had so vehemently and even justly excited. Closely besieged by the Barons, in the Castle of Scarborough, whither he had fled for refnge, he was obliged to capitulate, and surrendered himself into the hands of the Ear l of Pembroke, on the faith of certain conditions which were afterwards, totally disregarded. From Scarborough, the unfortunate Gaveston was conveyed to Deddington Castle, near Banbury ; where, being purposely left in the custody of a feeble and faithless guard, he soon found himself assailed by Guy de Beau champ, Earl of Warwick, one of his most furious and implacable enemies. That nobleman, indeed, besides other causes of complaint in common with the rest of the Barons, had received a particular and personal affront, from the insolent favourite, who usually designated him, from his

|) This ancient document is now in the possesion of William Hamper, Esq. of Birmingham. It is beautifully written on parchment, (2 yards long and 12 inches wide.

It

Order of St. Michael celebrated at St. Mary's.

swarthy complexion, by the name of the " black dog of Arden" On the 17th of June, the Castle of Deddington was suddenly attacked; little or no resistance was attempted ; the miserable captive was seized and carried to Warwick Castle ; whither the Earls of Lancaster, Hereford, and Arundel, the heads of the party leagued against him, instantly repaired. After some consultations, it was agreed to put their prisoner to death, as a public enemy, without the slightest regard to the faith of express agreement, or to the forms established by law. Accordingly on the first of July, the wretched Gaveston was conducted to Blacklow Hill, about a mile from Warwick-, and there, in the presence of his cruel and relentless foes, who beheld the horrid spectacle with savage delight, his head was severed from his body.3* Cut in the rock, near the summit of the hill, are still to be seen his name, and the year of his death : but the inscription is evidently of much later date than the event it records.

In the year 1566, the Order of St, Michael, instituted in France, was, by special favour of Charles XI. conferred on two English noblemen, who had been selected for this high honour, by Queen Elizabeth herself; and of these, as might have been expected, one was her great favourite, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. In the following year, this nobleman, resolved to gratify his piety or vanity by the celebration of that Order in the Collegiate Church of Warwick. On this occasion, the Bailiff and Burgesses were invited to attend the Earl : who, from the Priory, where at that time he lodged,

* Dugdalk's Bar. vol. ii. p. 44. Thomas's Dugdale's Warw. p. 273.

Hume vol. II. p. 136. Heniiy, vol. vii. p. 134, &«.

OCCURRENCES.

Death of W. Parr — Visit of Queen Elizabeth.

went in grand procession, accompanied by a numerous train of noblemen, and a vast concourse of people, to the Church ; and here, with solemn pomp and stately shew,, the intended ceremony was performed. A circumstantial account of this ceremony, of which some further notice will be taken hereafter,5* is preserved in a curious manuscript, called The Black Book, Avritten by an eye witness, which is still in the possession of the Corporation.

Shortly after the conclusion of this splendid ceremony, at which he had assisted, died suddenly, at the Priory, William Parr, Marquis of Northampton, the brother of Catherine Parr, the last of the numerous Queens of Henry VIII. He was buried in the chancel of W irivick Church ; and the account of his funeral forms the second article in The Black Book.

A third and a more interesting article is aia account of the visit of Queen Elizabeth " in her highnesse's person," to the town, which took place on Monday, Aug, 12, 1572. Her Majesty had dined that day, at the house of Edward Fisher, at Long Itching fan; whence, on account of the bad state of the direct road, through Teachbroke and My ton, she was obliged to travel round by Chesterton and Oakley ; and, at a place, called Fourd Myl Hill, she was met, in due form, by the Bailiff and principal Burgesses, attended by Edward Aglionby, the Recorder, Mr. Griffyn, Master of Leicester Hospital, and others. About three o'clock, her Majesty arrived at the spot, attended by Lady Warwick in the same coach ; and, in other carriages, by all her great officers of state,.

• See the Account of the Priory.

Recorder's speech to Queen hUizabeth.

Lords Burleigh, Howard, and others, and by a long train of Lords and Ladies. The royal carriage then drew up as near as possible to the place, where the Bailiff and his company were all reverently kneeling, in their due order ; the Bailiff first, behind him Mr. Griffyn, next the Recorder, and then the twelve principal Burgesses. After a respectful pause, the Recorder began his oration, which* though he promised to be u short of speche," he was himself obliged at last to confess a u lardge one." It opened with a learned rdlusion to the ancient Grecian and Roman panegyr'icce ; on which, however, he unintentionally passes the severest censure, by observing that they Tvere all alike commendatory, whether addressed to good or bad princes. He then speaks of the lofty stile proper for an address to a royal personage ; and modestly excuses his' own inability for the task assigned him. ee The very lookes," he says, of such exalted persons as Alexander the Great, Caius Marius, Octavius C^sar, u the wise Ring Henry VII." " the valiant King Henry VIII." and finally, of her excellent Majesty, then present, must tc appal the stout corages of their beholders." He hopes, therefore, to be excused, if he should be put " bothe out of countenance and out of remembrance." He then speaks of the " commendaeion, " that might be justly conferred on her highness herself, on the " rare vertues of her mynde, " on the " wealth of her domyiryons, " on the prosperous achievement of her noble affaires,"- — not forgetting that flattery, which, he knew, would most of all please, — on " the divyne giftes of her roial person." But these fruitful topics he declines, for fear of saying more than her " modest eares could abide." He then shortly details the history of u this towne of Warwihy " from early to later times, closing with an

OCCURRENCES.

Answer of the Queen to the Recorder.

acknowledgment of its great obligations to her grandfather, her father, her sister, and most of all, to herself. He next bestows high and just praises upon Ambrose, the good Earl of Warwick; and praises, also, equally high, though not surely equally just, upon his detestable brother of Leicester; whose numerous and horrible crimes seem to have been totally lost to the view of that age, amidst the blaze of brightness, which his own splendid charities, and the dazzling beams of royal favor threw around him. He then expresses his rejoicing, and that of the whole people of Warwick, " for that it has pleased her to blesse them with her comfortable presence;" and concludes with offering a small present to her Majesty, which he humbly hopes, she would condescend to receive, as Alexander was pleased " to accept a handfull of water from a poore soldier of his," — finally, wishing her " a long and a prosperous reign, even to Nestor's years, if it «o please God ! "

After this long oration, Roeart Phillippes, rising from his knees, approached the royal carriage : when, again bending in the same humble posture, he tendered to the Queen a purse, "very fairre wrought" containing twenty pounds, "all in souereignes"; which, alter some affected scruples, was condescendingly accepted, and the Bailiff had the honor of kissing her Majesty's hand. Mr. Aglionby had also the same honor ; to whom the Queen thus familiarly expressed herself: " Come hither, little Recorder; it was told me that youe wold be afraid to look upon me, or to speake boldly ; but you were not so fraid of me, as I was of youe, and I now thank you for putting me in mynde of my duety". Her Majesty next offered her grateful acknowledgments to the. Burgesses, and