A life of Clement L. Vallandigham

Front matter

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CORNELL

UNIVERSITY

CHAPTER II— Birth amd Early Days

Nativity— First School— School Companions— Studious Habits— A Good Shot and a Successful Fisherman— The Discomfited Joker — Adventure on the Eastern Shore of Maryland — Reminiscijnce of Rev. C. V. McKaig— A Characteristic Composition, 9

CHAPTER III— College Life

A Student of Jefferson College — Principal of Union Academy in Snow Hill— Letter of Judge Franklin — Letter of Irving Spence, Esq.— Re-enters College — Chosen Debater of the Franklin Society — Rules for Moral Culture — DifBculty with the President of the College — Demands and Receives an Honorable Dismission — Commences the Study of Law — The Contest at College— Tribute of the Rev. F. T. Brown, D.D. — Recollections of the Hon. Sherrard Clemens— Offered his Diploma, 19

CHAPTER IV— Enteaxce on Political and Professional Career

First Political Speech — Speech at New Middletown — Discussion with the Whigs— Rencounter on the Streets of New Lisbon—

IV CONTENTS.

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His First Speech to a Jury -while a Student of Law— Admitted to the Bar— First Speech after Admission— Great Success as a Lawyer— Fixed Eules, ....

CHAPTER V — In the Legislatuke ov Ohio

Elected a Representative — Rules for Conduct as a Legislator — First Speech— Keport on the Eligibility of Officers of the State Bank to a Seat in the Legislature — Report on Legislative Districts — Speech on the Bill to Repeal the Ohio State Bank Act — Speech on the Sanctity of Cemeteries — .. Speech on the Tax Bill — The True Statesman Delineated — His First Vote — Courtesy to Opponents — Canvass of the County for Re-nomination — Nominated and Elected— His Marriage — Second Session in the Legislature — Unanimously Supported for Speaker by his Party — Resolutions and Speech on the Mexican War— The Wilmot Proviso — Votes to Reject Petitions for Dissolution of the Union — Popular Education — The Black Laws — His Reputation as a Legislator — Declines a Re-nomination, 39

CHAPTER VI — Removal to Dayton, and Editokship of the " Empiue."

Takes up his Residence in Dayton — Becomes Law-Partner of T. 1 J.' S. Smith, Esq. — Editor of the Empire— 'BXs Salutatory Addi'ess — Editorial on Politics and the Pulpit — Editorial on Dorrism — ^Valedictory — Candidate for Judge, 55

CHAPTER VII— Events from 1850 to 1855

Aholitionism — Compromise of 1850 — Meeting in Dayton Opposed to it — Meeting in its Favor — Letter of Judge Crane — Resohitions — Mr. Vallandigham a Warm Friend of the Compromise— Candidate for Nomination for Lieutenant-Governor — First Nomination for Congress— Fails of Election — Journey Through Virginia and Maryland— Nominated for Congress

CONTENTS. V

p.VGi: in 1854 — Knownolhingism or Americanism — Charged -n-itli

Being a Knownothing— Defeated— Speech on Abolitionism

CHAPTER VIII— Electiok to Congbess in 1856, asid Contest FOR THE Seat

Nominated for Congress by Acclamation— Result of the Election- Notice of Contest— The Oh,io Rebellion— Mr. Vallandigham's Argument before the U. S. District Court— The Result- Prosecution of the Contest before Congress— Report in his Favor — Adoption of the Report and Admission to his Seat- Again Nonffiiated and Elected— Speech on the Impeachment of Judge Watrous- Speech on the Tariff— The John Brown Raid — Mr. Vallandigham's Letter in Regard to it — Excitement in the Country, ........ 83

CHAPTER IX— Thirty-Sixth Congress

Meeting of Congress — Helper's Book — Attempt to Elect a Speaker- Mr. Vallandigham's Speech — Speaker Elected — Free Transmission of Newspapers — The Hour Rule — Arming the State Militia — Goes to Charleston — Incident There — Letter to his Brother — Visits Home — Speaks at Detroit — Re-elected to Congress— Card to the Enquirer — 2d Session of Congress — Letter to his Wife — Speech in Congress — Mr. Sickles on Coercion — Border State Meeting — Central Confederacy — Serenade and Speech — Visits Richmond — Letter to his Wife — Another Letter — Amendment to the Constitution — Misrepresented — Vote on the Compromise Measures — Denunciation and Reply — His Personal Peril — Private Circular — Letter to his Constituents 127

CHAPTER X— Thirty-Seventh Congress

Meets on the 4th of July — Violent Excitement — Mr. V. speaks on Executive Usurpation — Affair at Camp Upton — Favors Equal Rights to the Jews — Vol. Army Bill — The Crittenden Resolution—Military Academy Bill— Convention of the States—

VI CONTENTS.

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Seizure of Mason and Slidell— Surrender of Mason and Slidell— Legal Tender Bill— Hickman's Assault and Kepulse— Retort on Wade-^Attempted Censure — Greeley Petitions — Democratic Address— A Lull in the Storm — Bursts Again — Threatened Arrest — Speech at Dayton — Renominated for Congress — Defeated, and the Cause — Cane Presentation — Jubilee Meetings — Meeting of Congress — Resolutions — Speecli of Jan. 14 — New Party — Debate on Conscription, . . 1G4

CHAPTER XI— The Arkest

Congress Adjourns — Mr. V. speaks in Philadelphia — In New York — In Connecticut — His Welcome Home — MUitary Orders — Speech at Hamilton — Letter to Mr. Sanderson — Speech at Columbus — Meeting at Mt. Vernon — Account by Mr. Irvine — In the Banner — In the Crisis — Rumors of Intended Arrest — Assault on his House — Carried to Cincinnati and Imprisoned — Excitement in Dayton — Letter from the Prison, . . 331

CHAPTER XII— Tkial, &c

Officers of the Commission— Charge and Specification— Examination of Witnesses- Mr. Vallandigham's Protest — Finding and Sentence — Character of the Commission — Habeas Corpus — The Result^Indignation Meetings — At Albany — In New York City— In Philadelphia— Effect of These— Application to the Supreme -Court, . '. 263

CHAPTER XIII— Exile and Politicai, Campaign of 1863

Mr. V. on the Gunboat Excluinge — Parting Address — Interyiew with Gen. Rdsccrans— Carried. to tlje Confederate Lines— Incident at Shelbyville— Discussion about Receiving Him in the Confederacy—The Democratic Convention at Columbus — Mr. V. Nominated for Governor— Resolutions— Committee to Wait on the President— Their Letter— The Result— Comments Thereon— Mr. V. Leaves thfe South for Canada— Narrowly EscapesiCapture-^Reception in Canada — Speech at Montreal -^Arrives ht Niagara Palls— Address to the Democracy of

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Ohio — ^Enthusiastic Political Meetings in Ohio — Goes to Windsor — Reception — ^Letter to the Dayton Meeting — Another Letter — Vallandigham's Birthplace — The Result of the Election — Defeated by Fraud — Mr. V.'s Letter Thereon — Letter to his Wife— Visit of the Students of the University of Michigan — Address to Them— Manner of Life in ExUe, . 296

Attempts to Return, and Fails— Letter of Dr. Walters — Telegram of Mr. P. — Note of Mr. V. — His Disguise — Crosses the River, and Enters the Cars — Narrowly Escapes Arrest — Reaches Hamilton — His Reception — Letter of Mr. McMahon — His Address — His Welcome hy the Democracy — Intends to Stay — Illness of His Mother, and Letter to Her — Letter on Her Death — Speaks in Dayton — In Syracuse, New York — Attends the Convention at Chicago — Supports McClellan in the Campaign, 347

CHAPTER XV — Paktisan PnoscrapTiON akd the Sons of Liberty

Evil Passions Engendered by the War — Regrets since Expressed by Republicans— Mr. V. Proscribed — Arbitrary Arrests— Freedom of Speech and of the Press Assailed — Organization of the Sons of Liberty — Mr. V. Solicited to Join Them, but Refuses — Again Applied to, and Consents — Object of the Organization — Mr. V. made Grand Commander — Prevents Abuse of the Order — Denounces the Attempt to Pervert It — His Speech at Peoria, Illinois, 369

CHAPTER XVI — Patriotism and Lote of the TJihgn

A United States Man— False Charges of Disloyalty — Testimony of Mr. McCuUough— Of Rev. Dr. Brown — Sentiments of Prominent Republicans — Mr. V.'s Views — Opposition to the War — This Not Disloyal— Illustrated — Testimony of Gen'l Ward — Of New York Herald — Not Influenced by Southern Sympathy —Not Regarded by the South as a Friend of Her Cause— viii CONTENTS.

PACE

Honest and Sincere— Letter to His Brother— To Mr. Perham ^Reasons for Opposing the War — The War TJnconstitutiona] —Could be Averted — War a Great Evil— Especially a Civil War— Relatives in Both Armies— War Could Not Restore the Union — Denunciation of Abuses of Power, . . . • 386

CHAPTER XVII— Events fbom 1865 to 1870

Effort for Peace— Letter to Greeley— Incident in Dayton — Death of President Lincoln — Letter to the Young Men's Democratic Association of Lancaster — President of the State Convention. — President Johnson and the Radicals — Philadelphia Convention— The Canvass of 1867 — Speech at Mt. Vernon — Letter of Mr. McCuUoch — Senatorial Contest — Democratic National Convention of 1868 — His Nomination for Congress — The Canvass, and the Result — Devotes Himself to the Law — Congressional Election of 1870, and Speech of Hon. L. D. Campbell—Mr. V.'s Speech to the Colored People, . . .403

CHAPTER XVIII— The New Depakture

The Montgomery County Meeting— Speech of Mr. Ho uk— The Resolutions-Speech of Mr. Vallandigham— The Manner in which the Movement was Received— Letter of Judge Chase— Extracts from Different Papers— Opposition to the New Departure-Defence by its Friends— Motives of Mr. Vallandigham —His Last Political Speech, 430

CHAPTER XIX— Habits of Stttdt, and Mental Discipline. Early Studious Habits— Letter of the Hon. S. Clemens— Extracts from Letters to his Brother— His Theological Acquirements- Letter from the Commercial— 'M.v. V. a Einc Writer — Letter ou the Training of his Son— Remarkable Interview with Colonel

CHAPTER XX— Social and Domestic Chakactek. Illustrated— Letter to his Brother James— To his Sister- New Lisbon and the Old Homestead— Letter to liis Brother— To

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the Bame — Sympathy for Triends la Trouhle — Letter to his Sister-in-law — Deeds of Kindness — Letter to his Mother — To his Brother — Slander Refuted — Extracts from several Letters to his Mother — Letter on the Death of his Child- Social Qualities — Personal Appearance— Letter to his Wife — To his Son — Recollections of his Cousin, Mrs. Egbert, . . 463

CHAPTER XXI— Religious Chakacteb.

Early Religious Training — Religious Element of his Character — Not Obtrusive — No Bigot — Letter to his Brother James — Another Letter to the same — Note from his Mother — Letter to his Mother — To his Brother — Becomes a Communicant in the Presbyterian Church — ^Letter of Rev. J. H. Brookes, D. D. — "Withdraws from the Church, and the Cause — Attends the Lutheran Church — Letter of Rev. D. Steck — Letter to his Sister Margaret — ^Remarks Thereon — ^Letter to his Brother — To his Mother — To the same — ^Letter of the Rev. John Haight — Letter on the Death of his Sister-in-law, . . . 492

CHAPTER XXII— His Death.

The Town of Lebanon— The Alleged Crime of McGehan— The Trial — The Fatal Accident to Mr. V. — Account from the Enquirer — From the Commercial — How the News was Received in Dayton — Remains Brought to Dayton, . . 51 r.-ir.

CHAPTER XXIII— The Fitneral.

Great Concourse — Universal Sorrow — Service at the House — The Procession — Service at the Grave — Interesting Incident — The Death of Mrs. Vallandigham, 536

CHAPTER XXIV— Tributes to his Memory.

Meeting of the Dayton Bar — Remarks of Judge Lowe — Of Hon. P. Odlin— Speech of Senator Thurman— Of Hon. S. S. Cox— Of Gen'l McCook— Of Hon. L. D. Campbell— Remarks of G. "W. Houk, Esq., and Resolutions— Meeting at Cincinnati— Speech

Contents

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ui j-Lui±. W. S. Groesbeck — The Press on his Death — Boston Post — Chicago Tribune — Cincinnati VolksbUitt — Cincinnati Volksfreund — New Yorlj Sun — Cincinnati Enquirer — Eulogy of Hon. George H. Pendleton— Of S. "\V. Gilson, Esq.— Tribute of Hon. J. W. Wall, 544

PEETACE,