Diary of the American Revolution. From newspapers and original documents

Front matter

12 Co

HE SPARKS

LIBRARY.

Preface

The materials of these volumes are taken from Whig and Tory newspapers, published during the American Eevolution, private diaries, and other cotemporaneous writings. They present to the student of this day the same view the readers of the revolutionary period enjoyed— the manners and customs of the people, and the moral and rehgious, as well as political features of the time.

As far as practicable, the language of the writers has been preserved. For every assertion presented the reader will find an authority which must be his guide in ascertaining its value in an historical point of view ; while, at the same time, he must keep in mind the truth that the errors and lampoons of a period belong as much to its history as the facts and flatteries.

Among the newspapers from which the editor has drawn his material, no one requii'es an especial notice in this place ; a history of the periodical writers of

IV PBEPACE.

the last centmy would ia itself exceed tlie limits of these volumes. Such a work would prove an interesting and important addition to the literature of America. In conclusion, the editor acknowledges his oLhgations for the many favors and facilities extended to him by the various Historical Societies of the United States, most especially to the officers of the New York Historical Society, from whom he has received the most valuable assistance.

New York, October, 1859.

LIST OF AUTHOEITIES USED IN THIS WORK.

Newspapers and other Printed Material.

Bailey's Feeeman's Journal.

Beoadsides — New Yokk Historical Society.

Boston News Letter.

Boston Independent Chronicle.

Boston "Weekly Advertiser.

Boston Gazette and Country Journal.

Constitutional Gazette.

Connecticut Courant.

Connecticut Gazette.

Connecticut Jouenal.

Essex Gazette.

Freeman's Journal and New Hampshire Gazette.

Georgia Gazette.

Gaine's New York Gazette.

" Weekly Meecuey.

London Evening Post.

London Gazette.

London Morning Post.

London Public Advertiser.

Massachusetts Spy.

Maryland Gazette.

Maryland Journal.

Middlesex Journal.

New England Chronicle.

New England Gazette.

New Hampshire Gazette.

New London Gazette.

New Jersey Gazette.

New Jersey Journal.

Newport Mercury.

New York Packet.

New York Journal.

New York Gazette.

Pennsylvania Gazette.

Pennsylvania Journal.

Pennsyvania Ledger.

Pennsylvania Packet.

LIST OF AUTHOKITIES.

Pennstltania Evening Post.

Pinckxey's Virginia Gazette.

Providence Gazette.

Rivington's Eoyal Gazette.

South Carolina Gazette.

St. James' Ci-ikoniole.

The Universal Intelligencer.

TJpooTT Collection op Newspaper Eitbaots —

Xew York Historical Society.

Virginia Gazette.

Manuscripts.

Letters of Captain Israel Carver.

" Edward Churchill.

" Jonathan Churchill.

" General Horatio Gates.

" L. W. Elliott.

Diary op Captain Smythe, op the Royal Aemt. " Elkanah Gould.

" Solomon E. Clift.

" John V. Mason.

" John Parks.

LIST OF MAPS AND PLATES.

Portrait of William Moultrie {Frontlxpirce.) , . Vol.

Map of Lake Champlain and Lake George . . . -

View of Boston ....._

View of Quebec . . . . . , _

Map of Boston and Vicinity . . . . _

View of New York . . . . . _

Portrait op Gdy Carleton ... -

Plan op the Operations op the British and Rebel Army, 17'7'7 - Portrait of General Burgoyne

Portrait of Sir Henry Clinton {Fr Portrait of Henry Lee Plan op the Siege of Savannah Plan op the Siege op Charleston View of Charleston Portrait of Major Andre Portrait of James Rivington Map of New York Portrait of Cornwallis .

ontispiece.}

Vol.

I. Page

78 97

- 209 224

DIARY OF THE REVOLUTION.

CHAP TEE I

Janttart 1. — ^TiiE cliief troubles of onr Israel' are the Philantrops, the Hazlerods, the Sir Froths, the Tims, the Bens, and the Bobs. These are men, who, for larsre „ ,»•.,,

' ^ o Causes of trouble

shares in the American plunder, have sold them- '° ^°=""°- selves to do wickedly. The barbarians Avho have been aiding and assisting bad governors and abandoned ministers, in all their attempts to subjugate and enslave these once happy colonies : the hireling prostitutes who have been constantly representing to ministry that the friends of liberty were a small, insigniiicant, divided faction ; that the people had not virtue to sacrifice any parts of the profits of their trade, or the luxury of their living for the sake of their country ; or spirit to withstand the least exertion of power. Tliese are traitors who were for none but licensed town-meetings,^ and gave administration the outlines of the execrable Boston Port Bill and the other detestable bills for destroying the charter," and those sacred compacts which Anrericans once thought were of some value, the faith of kings being the security. Tliese are the unbbishing advocates for pensioned governors, dependent judges, hired attorneys, and sherifi" created jurors, that the people might, under color of law, be stript of their property, without their consent, and suitably punished if they should dare to complain : the odious rebels, who, for the support of these hateful measures, have invited the troops and sliips, that are now distressing the inhabitants of Boston, and alarm-

' The town of Boston. ^ See the Governors proclamation.

" Of Massachusetts Bay.

ing not only a single province, bnt a wliole continent. And wlien almost every event has turned ont contrary to their predictions, and when it miglit be reasonal)ly expected that the union of the colonies, the resulutioiis of the Continental Congress, and the late associations and preparations to withstand all hostile attempts upon our persons or projjerties, might lead administration to suspect at least the policy or safety of pushing this people to extremities ; wc find this infamous cabal playing over the old game of ministerial deception, and Timothy Kuggles ' with a gravity peculiar to himself and an owl, Timoth PaK'^ies- ^sscrtiug in the public prints — " that though .isscrtion. many of the people had for some time past been anning, their numbers would not appear in the field so large as imagined, before it was known that independency was the object in contemplation ;"^ and further, that since that time, many associated in divers parts of the province, to support what he calls " Government." — But the views and designs of these pensioned prostitutes of Massachusetts, — in all that they say or write, are perfectly kenned by the most short-sighted amongst us. In vain are their scare-crows, raw-head and bloody bones, held up to deter us from taking the most eflfectual means for our security. Tlie little scribbling, illiberal

' The Chief Justice of the province of Massachusetts Bay. See statement and plan of association, published by Judge Ruggles in most of the Boston papers, Dec. 23-27, 1774, and reprinted in Gaines' New York Gazette, Jan. 9, 1776.

'' An assertion as false as it is impudent .ind injurious, first uttered by a hirelin>' priest,* in the New York Freeholder^ who at the same time declared that he had rather be under the government of Roman Catholics than Dissenters — a declaration truly characteristic of the doctor, and his little club of malignants. — The people of Massachusetts have hitherto acted purely on the defensive ; they have only opposed those new regulations which were instantly to have been executed and would have annihilated all our rights. For this absolutely necessary and manly step they have received the approbation of the Continental Congress, one of the most respectable assemblies in the world. They aim at no independency, nor any thing new, but barely the preservation of their old rights. They have referred their cause to the whole continent, and are determined to act only in free consultation, and close union with their brethren. This is indeed the safety of all. — Editor of the Journal.

■* Dr. Myles Cooper, the President of King's, now Columbia, College, a vigorous writer in favor of tlie crown.

lYYS.] ISAAC SEARS AND JOHN CASE. 9

pieces, which have disgraced the Massachusetts Gazettes, will not lessen the Continental Congress in our esteem ; or retard the measures they have recommended, notwithstanding the sums paid to effect it. Tliese writers, and their attempts to encourage or mislead, are treated with inefiable contempt by their countrymen. It has, however, been unhappy for both countries that the representations and projects of such men as these have been heeded and adopted on the other side of the Atlantic ; men whose very livings have depended upon the continuation of those measures which Americans have so long complained of, and sought to have redressed. If these unnaturah should succeed in their present misleading attempts, to the preventing a speedy close to our differences, we shall then have good reason to conclude that hlindness has happened to Britons, that the fulness of American Liberty might come in.'

Januajey 3. — ^This morning, Mr. John Case, an old man of near sixty years of age, from Long Island, was entreated by an acquaintance of his to go to the house of Jasper Drake, tavernkeeper near Beekman's Slip, where he was told Captain

McD 1,"" Captain S s," and others wanted to converse

with him on politics. He went, and soon entered into conversation with Captain McD ^1, who attempted to convince

him that he was in an error, but not being able to effect it,

politely left him. Captain S s, with several CaptoinSoars

other persons, then attacked him with the force John case, of their eloquence and noise, but Case said he was an unlearned man, and but of few words, — that he could not reply to above one. That he judged, liowever, the fairest way to come at the truth would be to recur to the origin of the present contest between Great Britain and the Colonies, and to trace from the time of the stamp act, the encroachments of ministerial power, and the increasing demands for provincial

privileges. This was objected to by Captain S s, as it

would reqiiire too much time and attention to discuss. He

" Pennsylvania Journal, Jan. 26. ' Alexander Mac Dougall.

' Isaac Sears, afterwards called by the loyalists, King Sears.

*

10 DIAEY OF THE REVOLUTION. [17Y6.

said that lie would qiiestion liim a little, and asked Case whether the king had not A-iolated his coronation oath ? Mr. Case replied, that he thought he had not, and reasoned on this and other matters in as cool a manner as possible, in order not

to irritate C^aptain S s, who, however, soon grew warm,

and branded Case with the appellation of Tory, and told him that if he was in Connecticut government he would be put to

death. S s then demanded of Case whether, if the Bos-

tonians were to take up arms, he would fight for the king ? Case answered, that if he fought on either side, he would certainly fight for no one else, as he conceived King George to be his lawful sovereign, for the minister a few days before prayed for our rightful sovereign Lord King George the Third,

on which S s replied he was sorry that he had turned

churchman, where such prayers were used ; Case replied, these expressions were delivered the preceding Sunday by Dr. Eodgers ' at the Presbyterian meeting, for he himself was a Presbytei'ian. After a few more queries and replies of a

similar nature, S s told him that he would not sufier a

Tory to sit in company with gentlemen, placed a chair in the chimney corner, caught Case by the arm, and forced him into it. He then called for a negro boy, Avho belonged to the liouse, and ordered him to sit along with him ; for that ho (Case) was only fit to sit in company with slaves ; but the negro had too much understanding to comply. Mr. Case then called for some wine, and offered it to the company, but

S s refused to accept of it, pushed him down in the chair

where he before had placed him, and ordered the rest not to drink witli a Tory ; and further, that whoever spoke to Case, should forfeit a bowl of toddy, which was exacted by him from two persons who happened to disobey his mandates.

S s then told Case that his age protected him, for if he

was a young man, he would Iiave placed him on a red-hot gridiron : and after he had detained this old man as Ions' as lie thought proper, he dismissed him.''

' Jolin Roclgers, D. D., pastor of the Wall street church.

^ This account was published in Rivington's Gazette, Jan. 12, in the form of a deposition, witnessed by Mr. Case.

1'7Y5.] ADVICE TO THE MINISTEY. 11

JANUiSiY 6.' — The professorsliip lately instituted by our most gracious sovereign, at King's College in ISTew York, is to be held by a tutor of the college, at the same time a clergyman. His business, besides teaching, will "^' ° ^^^' be to deliver annual lectures in defence of the Christian, and on the principles of natural religion. His title, the Eegius Professor of Divinity, with a salary from the Crown. An incontestable evidence this, of his Majesty's desire of supporting the Christian religion in America, as it is in England, by annual lectures in its defence."

Jah-tjaet 8. — A LETTER from London of a late date, says, Lord North behaves with the greatest firmness and composure, and is resolutely determined to carry his point ^oi-d Nora with the colonies, and smiles with contempt upon ^"""^ ^''™- any tales of congresses and combinations in America. The Duke of Kichmond has positively declared hisTi,^ p^^gof jjich. opinion, that the colonies have proceeded to such ™°°'^''' °p™*™- unjustifiable lengths, their pretensions cannot any longer be supported ; and that the constitutional authority of Parliament over them must be maintained ; and that this is the language of most people of England.''

Jantjaet 9. — A wEiTEE in England gives the following advice to administration with respect to America : " Let authority give way to pradence ; dignity is supported Aav,cototho best by justice; the bread of at least one him dred Ministry. thousand manufacturers is of more importance than a shadowy authority ; the lives of our fellow-subjects, descended from ourselves, and though born in a distant climate, are dear to us. One passionate resolve may sacrifice a million of British subjects, and subject this nation and its dependencies to ruin, and those who framed it to everlasting infamy. More is at stake than many comprehend ; those who say otherwise are ignorant, or foes in disguise." ' .

' Gaines' New York Gazette, .Jan. 9. ^ The same.

° Supplement to Holt's New York Journal, Jan. 6.

Januaet 10. — ^This evening was married by the Keverenc

Doctor Auclimuty, Mr. Joseph Dillon, son of Captain Dillon

Josepii Dillon commandcr of His Maj esty's packet, the Mercnry

married. ^^ ]yj;-gg Joanna Yan I-Iorne, danghter of Mr. Gar

ret Van Home, late an eminent merchant of this city ; a ver^

amiable and truly deserving young lady.'

The people of Marblehead, Massachusetts, met to-day anc resolved, that, as a great number of the inhabitants of tha' Motion in Marble- town may soon bo called forth, to assist in defend head, Mass. -^g ^j^g charter and constitution of that province as well as the rights and liberties of all America, in ordei thereto it is necessary that they should be properly disci plined and instructed in the art of war ; they also ordered tha a committee of fifteen be appointed to attend to the conduc of the ministerial tools and Jacobites in that town, and to re port their names to the town, that effectual measures may b( taken to silence them in the future, or expel them from th( community."

Januaey 12. — This day, his Majesty's frigate, the King fisher. Captain Montague, went up to Turtle Bay to lay there for the winter season."

At a late meeting of exotics, styled The Sons of Liberty, ir New York, the pamphlet entitled " Farmer A. W.'s Yiew ol the controversy between Great Britain and the Colonies," &c. published last week by Mr. Eivington, was introduced by on( of the mushrooms, and after a few pages being read to th( company, they agreed nem. con. to commit it to the flames without the benefit of clergy ; though many, very many in deed, could neither write nor read ; however, their commoi executioner immediately threw it into the fire, where it wai consumed, and its spiritual part ascended in vapor, to th(

' Gaines' Mercury, Jan. 16. ^ TJpcott, ir. 295.

= New York Gazette, Jan. 16.

1775.] AFFAIES EST CONNECTICUT. 13

upper regions ; whither not one of the company durst aspire, even in idea.'

January 17. — ^The Provincial Congress of South Carolina met on the 11th instant, and have continued in session, Sundays not excepted, until to-day. They have shut up the courts of law ; no process is to issue in civil cases, and all proceedings had, since the return day, September 20, 1774, are to be staid. This is such a step as no other province has yet taken. ^

A COEEESPONDENT says : — " The violent party in Philadelphia are greatly crest-fallen ; they see with mexpressible chagrin the numbers of their former adherents which they lose every day. The Pennsylvania Farmer, a gentleman of great discernment, and possessed of a very large estate, has deserted them, greatly alarmed at the length our committee are carrying matters ; he has declared he will not meet them any more, and he does not declare alone." *

Anothee writer observes, that the cause of the enemies of American liberty must needs be in a most desperate condition, since they have recourse to the most infamous acts and falsehoods to carry their poiat. Of these he instances a long catalogue, among which are the following : — That the people in several colonies are deserting the cause of their country and joining its enemies to enslave it. That several of the most eminent patriots had deserted the cause, particularly the Philadelphia farmer — who remains the same invariable friend lie has ever been to his country and mankind, and is now one of the delegates for the province of Pennsylvania, to meet next May in general Congress." ''

Januaet 19. — ^The Governor of Connecticut called his counsel together on the 4th instant ; their deliberations are kept very secret ; but we are told they have ordered three

' Rivington's Gazette, Jan. 12. ^ Gaines' Mercury, Feb. 6. ' John Dickinson. ■■ Extract of a letter from Philadelphia, in Rivington's Gazette, Jan. 19. " Holt's Journal, Feb. 9.

14 DIAEY OF TUB KEVOLUTION. [1775.

hundred barrels of gunpowder, and lead in proportion, to be purchased at the public expense. The militia in the whole colony is mustered every week, and in most towns they lla^'c a deserter from, his Majesty's forces, by way of drill sergeant. Nothing but a spirit of independence Avould suffer matters to be carried to such extremities, as make all prudent inhabitants fear that our parchment will soon totter.'

Januaey 20. — A LITTLE after ten o'clock this CYening, two

young men passing down Milk street, near the entrance into

Disturbance .t ^^oug Lanc, they were accosted by an officer, not

Boston. ^j^ .j-i^g English, but as they supposed in another language, Avhich they did not understand ; they asked him what he meant ; he replied he meant to tell them to go about their business. They had not gone far before the officer called to them to stop. They stopped till he came up to them, and angry words ensued. The young men, however, parted from him the second time, and went on their way towards their homes. The officer followed and overtook them near the head of the lane, and stopped them again, telling them he supposed they were stiff Americans ; to which one of them said he gloried in the character. Here again words ensued, and the officer drew his sword, flourished it and struck' one of the young men on the arm, who immediately seized him. At this juncture, three or four of the town watch, -who were upon the patrol, came up and separated them, advising them to go home. The two yoimg men did so, but tlie officer refused, saying he was prisoner of the watch and would go with them ; they told him he was not their prisoner, but might go where he pleased, and if he desired it, they would see him safe home : but he insisted upon it that he was their prisoner. Tlie watchmen went down the lane towards their head-quarters in King street, where they had been going before, and the officer accompanied them. Li the way they met with several persons, whom they took to be servants of officers, who, supposing the officer to be in custody of the watch, attempted to rescue him,

' Extract of a letter from Hartford, Jan. 13 ; Rivington's Gazette, Jan. 19.

1775.] balfoue's expedition. 15

but lie insisted upon being a prisoner, and said the watchmen were his friends, and he would go witli tliem. They then went forward, and in Quaker Lane, which leads into Kingstreet, they were met and assaulted by more than twenty officers of the army, who took several of their watch poles from them, and wounded some of them.'

Janttaey 23. — ^Tms morning a detachment of about one hundred and twenty soldiers from the army in Boston, under the command of Captain Balfour, were embarked jj^jf^j^ ^igjtg in armed vessels for Marshlield, about forty miles Marshfleu. from that place. "VVe arc at a loss for the occasion of this extraordinary manoeuvre, as all of our accounts from Marshlield

' Edea and Gills' account, as published in Rivington's Gazette, Feb. 9. The same paper contains the following "Other Side of the Question:" — You have read in that fund of lies and sedition, Edes and Gill,* of a " high-handed riot." There have been five field officers on a court of inquiry, to inspect into the conduct of the officers concerned on that occasion. It commenced by Lieutenant Myers, 38th Regiment, being, without the smallest cause, insulted by two townspeople, who not only called him a Tory, rascal, scoundrel, &c., but damned the king, governor, army, and every friend to government ; the former he put up with, the latter resented, by knocliing the person down. He was immediately surrounded by the watch ; and though he immediately surrendered, and gave his sword to a Mr. Winslow, who came up at the time, (a private gentleman,) and informed them, and this gentleman, of the cause of the quarrel, they treated him with every indignity possible ; not only allowed the two men to knock him down in the midst of them, but they themselves kicked and beat him all the way to the watch-house, a, little short of a quarter of a mile. The noise about the watch-house brought together a few officers, whom Mr. Myers requested not to interfere, iconcealed from them the cruel treatment he had met with, and insisted on remaining in custody. The insolence of the watch to those gentlemen occasioned a fresh riot, when the interposition of a party from the main guard prevented any bad consequences. Immediately after, Myers was released, by order from the governor. Complaints were immediately lodged against the officers, and bail is to be given to-morrow for their appearance. I cannot quit this subject without observing, that the high-flyers are much disappointed in the event of this riot ; not only at the little mischief done, but at the ready submission of every officer concerned, to the laws of the country.

The spirit of the people here seems to subside a little ; and we have every reason to believe, that, in order to keep it up, the vagabonds of the town are employed to insult the troops, which they do daily, in hopes of bringing about another massacre.

* The publisliers of tie Boston Gazette and Country Journal.

16 DIAET OF THE EEVOLUTION. [17Yo.

agree that tlie people in that vicinity were peaceable, and no injury had been offered any of the Tories. A few persons there, it is said, wlio have rendered themselves disagreeable and contemptible to their neiglibors, have taken it into their heads to make complaint to General Gage for military protection. In this they have engaged a nnmber of idle yonng fellows, and some negroes to join them. The letters from thence state that the numbers and quality of the petitioners are despicable. Some inhabitants not unfriendly to the Tory cause, signified their disapprobation of this measure. Tlie sending soldiers alarms and irritates the country ; but what service the Tory cause is to receive from this step, time will discover.'

Januaut 25. — A despicable pamphlet lately published in Boston, now commonly called the " Grey Maggot,^^ has asserted, " That the only apology which could be rey aggo . ^^^^^^ |.^^. ^j^^ conduct of the Continental Congress

in adopting the Suffolk resolves, was that they came into this vote immediately after drinking thirty-two bumpers of Madeira, of which the next morning, when their heads were cool, they were ashamed, and then prudently determined not to do the business till after dinner for the future ! " If it would not offend the characters of that truly august assembly to take so much notice of this most impudent and false assertion, as seriously to contradict it, we would say, that it appears from the minutes of the Congress, that as they sat till late in the afternoon, they never did any business after dinner, and that the Suffolk resolves were acted upon Saturday, in the forenoon. From this instance the public may see to what an astonishing height of unbliishing falsehood and the basest calumny against the most respectable characters, the enemies of our common rights have now attained ; and how ready they are to perform any dirty drudgery for the sake of procuring or preserving a titled or lucrative place.^

SATmiDAT last, after a few days' illness, died at Philadelphia, in the fifty-fourth year of his age, universally lamented,

' Pennsylvania Journal, Feb. 8. ^ The same paper.

1Y75.] SIMILITUDE BETWEEN ENGLISH AND EOMANS. 17

Tliomas Lawrence, Esq., Yendue Master, one of the aldermen, and for some time mayor of that city, which „,

■' •> ^ Thomas Liiwrenco

omces he hlled with unsullied reputation. In ^^'"^■ short, benevolence marked his character, and virtue in him wore her most amiable dress, being constantly exercised in love towards his family, uprightness in his dealings, sincerity in his friendships, cheerfulness in his conversation, and an earnest desire to promote peace and happiness around him. This day his remains Avere deposited in the family vault in Christ' church burying-ground, attended by a very large number of respectable citizens. The funeral was conducted agreeable to the resolves of the Continental Congress.'

T" Those who have turned the least part of their attention to history," says a writer in England, " will find a strong similitude between us at the present time and the En-iish ami Eomans in their declension. The latter at that liom^nsperiod were more luxurious, dissipated, and fanciful in dress, equipage, arts, &c., than at any other time — so are we. Suicide more peculiarly marked that era — so it does ours. Their emperors held the dignity of government in such open contempt that they frequently made their horses consuls. Ours, in this last point, goes beyond them, by making asses senators ; yet with all this, the/brm of government was supported. — Alas ! ours at present is nothing but a form." '

Janhaey 27. — ^In the town of Plymouth, Massachusetts, eleven persons were chosen to observe the actions of the Tories, and make report from time to time, what they can hear and observe.^

Januaet 28. — ^Testeedat the house, bam, and barrack of Jacob Yan Binschola, of Poughkeepsie, Dutchess County, was

' Gaines' Mercury, Jan. 30. — On the 20th October, 1774, the Continental Congress, in their Articles of Association, resolved, that, " on the death of any relation or friend, none of us, or any of our families, will go into any further mourning-dress than a black crape or ribbon on the arm or hat, for gentlemen ; and a black ribbon and necklace for ladies ; and we will discontinue the giving of glovea and scarfs at funerals." — Journals of Congress.

" Holt's Journal, Feb. 9. ' New York Journal, Feb. 16.

Vol. I.— 2 p.

18 DIAEY OF TUB EETOLUTION. [1775.

burnt to the ground, together with every tiling therein contained. The villainous action was perpetrated by a negro fellow belonging to the family, who some time before had been corrected by his master. Confessing his guilt, he has been tried and burnt to-day.'

Febeuaey 1. — This day the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts, met at Cambridge, and the Hon. John Hancock was chosen president.''

Fasteng and prayer, appointed by authority, throughout the colony of Connecticut, " to implore the divine mercy at this Connecticut To- clark aud Critical time." A number of Tories beries. longing to the town of Stamford, in that colony, met at a certain tavern to spend the day in regaling themselves, and, as their manner commonly is upon such occasions, testifying their loyalty to the king, by disobeying the proclamation of his Governor. Tliey received intelligence of some casks of powder, which a carman was entrusted with, for the use of the colony. Of this they gave immediate information to an under officer of the customs, who seized the powder, and ordered it to his own house."

Febetjajky 3. — ^A numbee of men from a distant town

having heard of the seizure of the powder at Stamford, went