History of the One hundredth regiment of New York state volunteers: being a record of its services from its muster in to its muster out; it muster in roll, roll of commissions, recruits furnished through the Board of trade of the city of Buffalo, and short sketches of deceased and surviving officers

Front matter

Cornell University Library

The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text.

Preface

Months and years have elapsed since we separated as members of the " Grand Army," engaged in that sublime and holy work of preserving the unity of the best and freest government in this or any other age. Whatever of personal feeling, either toward our superior officers or comrades in arms, once held sway in our hearts, now has gone, stifled by the judgment of deliberate thought and cooler emotions. At this date, remote from the stirring and exciting events of camp, field, bivouac and trench, it is with effort that we force the facts clearly to mind, that we were actors in that bloody drama so recently closed, and that the One Hundredth Regiment, with conscious pride it can be said, performed its share of active, effective and honorable service as a constituent element of the conquering loyal army of the republic.

At no time, when in service, nor since, had we thought of writing a history of the One Hundredth Regiment. It was long before we could consent to undertake the work. We knew that no reliable records existed, and vi Preface.

those carefully kept by Surg. Kitteuger, together with regimental and company baggage, were sunk with transport at Fortress Monroe, during our last campaign before Richmond, and in pursuit of Gen. Lee.

From private diaries, newspapers and personal experiences, we have been enabled to trace the career of the regiment through its eventful term of service. We do not claim positive accuracy. Names and dates of the dead, wounded and missing, their sufferings and personal incidents, are not detailed, for want of reliable authority. .A complete history of the regiment cannot be written. Its fractional elements, and their diverse characteristics make it impossible. The original men, its additions through the Board of Trade, conscripts, substitutes, and finally its consolidation with the One Hundred and Fifty-eighth and One Hundred and Forty-eighth New York State Volunteers, found the One Hundredth Regiment, at its muster out, not the regiment that left Buffalo, March 7th, 1862, for the seat of war.

The general reader will find a connected detail of most of the events connected with the history of Sumter, from its first bombardment, in 1861, to its re-possession by the government in 1865 ; also a biographical sketch of every officer killed and dying of wounds, and of those who have died since the war, that belonged to the One Hundredth Regiment ; and a short notice of the Board of Trade, and a sketch of its President, during thertime the One Hundredth was under its fostering care.

To the Committee in charge of the work, Maj. Daniel

Preface. vii

D. Nash, Lieut. Col. Charles E. Walbridge, Capt. Oscar F. Richards, and Lieut. Alfred Lythe, our thanks are due for sympathy and encouragement; to Gen. G. A. Scroggs, for facts relative to the organization of the regiment ; to Bvt. Brig. Gen. 0. N. Otis, for diaries during his service as major and lieutenant colonel; to G. S. Hazard, for statistics of recruits furnished as president of the Board of Trade ; to Mrs. Phineas Staunton, wife of the late Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment, for her husband's diary, and other valuable papers ; to Mr. and. Mrs. Warren Granger, for a collection of newspaper notices and communications, orderly arranged in a scrap book; to Billa M. Judson, regimental clerk, who, in his thoughtfulness, had preserved many valuable papers and orders, which have been of invaluable service ; to Lieut. Col. L. S. Payne, for facts of individual services as the scout of the regiment ; to W. W. H. Davis, Colonel of the One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers, for his cheerful assent for the use of facts, dates and description of localities from a history of the One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania "Volunteers, written by the Colonel, who commanded the Brigade, at times, to which the One Hundredth and One Hundred and Fourth were attached, affording him superior facilities for information denied a subordinate officer. The Colonel will please accept the gratitude of the author, and the same is tendered to all here mentioned, as well as others for valuable aid rendered in the prosecution of this work.

We are conscious of our inability to do full justice to viii Preface.

the heroism, sufferings and incessant duty of the members of the One Hundredth Regiment. Its slain heroes, the records of its battle fields, and its constant place at the front, all are parts of its history, and well may the city of Buffalo accord its meed of praise to its officers and men for services faithfully and heroically performed. With these words we give our labors to the public, hoping that the story of the regiment, simply told, will add some little to the histories of regiments that saved a Nation and honored a grateful people.

Geo. H. Stowits.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Col. James M. Brown.

Lieut. Col. Phineab Staunton.

Bkevet Bbio. Gen. Calvin N. Otis.

Brig. Gen. Gustavub A. Scroggs.

Lieut. Col. Lewis 8. Payne.

George 8. Hazard.

Maj. Daniel D. Nash.

Lieut. Col. Charles E. Walbridge.

Lieut, and Brevet Col. Warren Granger, Jr. Maj. George H. Stowits.

Lieut, and Brevet Cast. John Wilkeson, Jr. Lieut. Samuel S. Kellogg.

Lieut, and Brevet Capt. George G. Barnum. Caft. Oscar F. Richards.

Lieut. Alfred Ltthe.

Lieut. Rodney B. Smith, Jr.

Camp One Hundredth Regiment, Gloucester Point, Va. Camp One Hundredth Regiment, Morris Island, S. C. 1*

Chapter I. Page

Order of the War Department to Gen. G. A. Scroggs. — Number of men recruited for the " Eagle Brigade." — Statement of Adjt. Gen. Stonehouse. — Nomination of Gen Scroggs for Brigadier General. — Origin of the One Hundredth Regiment, 25

Chapter II

Orders for Recruiting.-— Capt. D. D. Nash raised first company. — Gloomy prospects for recruiting. — Liabilities of Gen. Scroggs. — Aid of William Wilkeson, Esq. — Scroggs relieved. — Camp Morgan established. — Necessary buildings provided. — Regiment raised and named the One Hundredth. — Donations and Camp Incidents. — Orders to leave expected, 29

Chapter III

Marching Orders. — Broke Camp. — Left for Albany. — Arrival and departure for New York. — Passed through Philadelphia and Baltimore, and arrival at Washington. — In Camp at Meridian Hill. — Ordered to Fortress Monroe by the way of Alexandria. — Arrival at Newport News, 35

Chapter IV

Arrival at Newport News. — Encamped. — Changed Camp. — Rain and discomfort. — Arrival of Gen. McClellan. — Army moves forward. — Reaches Warwick Court House. — Siege of Yorktown commences. — Works too strong to be assaulted. — Gen. Naglee in command of Brigade. — He makes an xii Contents.

PAGE.

Armed Reeonnoissanee. — Troops behaved well. — Naglee led the charge in person, 41

Chapter V

Batteries nearly completed. — Enemy evacuate Yorktown. — Retreat toward Williamsburg.— Gen. McClellan pursues — Battle of Williamsburg.— The Troops march through the town. — Pursuit continues. — Reached New Kent Court House.— Rain, Mud and Short Rations are the sufferings of the Army. — Arrive near the York River Railroad, eighteen miles from Richmond '. 48

Chapter VI

Marched near to Bottom's Bridge, twelve miles from Richmond. — Crossed the Chickahominy. — Col. Brown sick. — Weather very warm and showery. — Skirmish at Savage's Station. — Pickets within five miles of Richmond. — Casey's Division encamped at Seven Pines. — Pickets attacked by Rebels. — They were driven back. — Severe storm. — The approaching battle of the 31st of May, 55

Chapter VII

The Soldier's first battle. — Its effect upon him. — Its results. — The position of Casey's Division. — The signal of the Enemy to open the Fight. — The Charge of Naglee's Brigade. — The One Hundredth on the left of Richmond road. — Its Charge through the Slashing. — The loss of Col. Brown, Lieuts. Wilkeson and Kellogg. — The backward movement. — Encamped one and a half miles in the rear of former camp, 61

Chapter VIII

The conduct of Gen. Casey's Division, as given by Col. Davis of the One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania. — Its reputation sustained. — Its losses prove its bravery. — The long hours it held the enemy in check shows its stubborn courage. — Its defeat by overwhelming numbers. — The conduct

Contents. xiii

FAQS.

of Gens. Casey and Naglee. — Their bravery and enthusiasm. —The Battle Field.— The Burial of the Dead and care of the Wounded, 67

Chapter IX

The Rebels attack the " Excelsior Brigade." — Gen. McClellan visits the Troops. — Brigade Inspection. — Weather rainy and cold. — A rear movement commenced. — Raid of the Rebels. — Battle of Oak Grove. — Battle of Mechanicsville. — Battle of Gaines' Farm. — McClellan changes base to James River. — Gen. Naglee in command of Rear-guard. — The retreat commenced. — Bridge destroyed. — The Rebels in pursuit, 73

Chapter X

Sick and Wounded left at Savage's Station by order of Gen. McClellan. — The Army had changed front and was still moving to James River. — Surgeon Kittenger left with the wounded and taken prisoner. — Gen. Naglee still holds position in command of the Rear-guard. — Rebels in pursuit. — They attempt- to Storm the National Batteries on Malvern Hills. — They are repulsed with terrible loss, 80

Chapter XI

Gen. McClellan visits the Troops. — Naglee's Brigade received him in silence. — Men engaged upon works of defence. — President Lincoln announced to visit Troops. — Failed to come. — Sent regrets. — Communication from Common Council of Buffalo. — Drilling and fatigue duty. — Rebels appeared on opposite side of river. — Soon driven away. — Gen. Hooker sent to Malvern Hills. — Army ordered to move. — Movement began. — Board of Trade of Buffalo adopts the Regiment, 86

Chapter XII

The return march still continues. — Knapsacks on Canal Boat sunk. — Fished out, but spoiled. — Moved through Williamsburg. — Halted and mustered the Army.— Arrival at Yorkxiv Contents.

PAGE.

town.— Ordered to Gloucester Point.— Capt. Morse with Recruits from Buffalo— One Hundred and Fourth Pennsyl- • vannia within the Fort.— One Hundredth New York encamped without the Fort. — Col. Staunton in charge of Working Parties. — Col. Davis on a Reconnoissance 93

Chapter XIII

The results of the Peninsula Campaign.— Call for Three Hundred Thousand Men for the War.— Three Hundred Thousand for Nine Months. — A Draft of an equal number. —Board of Trade of Buffalo send Recruits.— Col. G. B. Dandy appointed Colonel. — Lieut Col. Staunton sends in his Resignation. — War Meetings in Buffalo. — Action of Public School Teachers. — Order of Supt. Sackett to prepare lint. — A Whiskey Mutiny in Camp. — It was quelled, and the " Little Disturber " issued, 99

Chapter XIV

The men stole a Barrel of Whiskey. — Rumor of a Raid on Williamsburg. — Regiment under arms. — Col. Dandy arrived and assumed command. — Lieut. Col. Staunton Resigned and left for the North.— Recruits arriving. — Lieuts. Greiner and Guthrie discharged. — Drills and Reviews. — Change of Camp. — The Sibley Tent. — Chaplain Linn arrived with Flag from Board of Trade. — Raid to Gloucester Court House under command of Gen. Naglee 105

Chapter XV

Rumors of leaving Gloucester Point. — The necessary promotions made. — The Camp at Gloucester Point. — Arrival and visit of Warren Granger, Esq., from Buffalo. — Arrival of One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania. — False alarms. — Brigade has Marching Orders. — Shipped with Sealed Orders. — Arrived at Fortress Monroe. — Left and Anchored at Beaufort, North Carolina. — Encamped at Carolina City. — Col. Davis in command of Brigade. — Gen. Naglee in command of Division. — Drill and preparation for a move somewhere, 112

Contents. xv

Chapter XVI. Page

Col. Dandy resumed command. — Drills continued. — Troops ordered to embark. — Transports in waiting. — Tents struck January 19th, 1863. — Embarked.— Lay at anchor till January 29th. — Sailed southward' — Orders opened off Wilmington. — Destination Port Royal, South Carolina. — Anchored at Port Royal, between Forts Seward and Wells. — Troops kept on board Transports for some days. — Went ashore for air and exercise. — Fatigue Party sent ashore to dig wells and prepare for pitching camp, 119

Chapter XVII

Gen. Naglee's Letter and General Order to the Board of Trade of the City of Buffalo. — The Names the General recommended to be placed upon their Flags. — His rehearsal of their Services. — His final cheering words for their future welfare. — The Regiment ashore at St. Helena, S. C. — Pitching camp, digging wells and washing. — Some difficulty with the Negroes. — Cabins burned. — The work of a few restless spirits, 125

Chapter XVIII

Camp on St. Helena removed one and a half miles. — Camp pitched, cleared and regularly laid out. — The Island of St. Helena. — Absence of Stones. — Locality of Camp. — Arrival of Mail. — Its influences upon the Men. — Drills, inspections and reviews.— Gen. Naglee reviews two Brigades. — Good rations, beef and bread. — Difficulty between Gens. Foster, Naglee and Hunter.— Strife settled by Adjt. Gen. Thomas. — Gen. Naglee ordered North to report to the War Office.— His farewells, 130

Chapter XIX

Gen. Naglee's farewell order.— St. Helena Island, its beauty, fertility, and position.— Grand Review by Gen. Hunter. — Company, battalion and brigade drills. — Rigid inspections. — Exercise in landing from Transports. — Ignorance of the common soldier of coming events. — Col. Dandy's Special xvi Contents.

TAGS.

Order to the One Hundredth Regiment N. Y. V.— Marching Orders.— The process of arrests, and their disposition. — The washing days of a Regiment, 136

Chapter XX

Regiment struck tents on St. Helena, and marched to Transport Expounder. — Embarked. — Disembarked at Hilton Head.— Changed Guns.— Embarked.— Sailed for Stono Inlet. — Aground on a bar. — Crossed safely. — Encamped on Cole's Island. — Unsupported for several days. — Troops arrived. — Landed on Folly Island. — Skirmished and scouted the entire Island. — The difficulties, sufferings and delays of the campaign, 142

Chapter XXI

The Siege of Charleston. — Fort Sumter. — Its first reduction. Its reinforcement. — The leaving of the women and children. — The activity of the National Government. — The base of operations at Port Royal. — Former reduction of all the Forts and Towns along the coast — Desertion of Beaufort — Expeditions to Stono River and James Island. — Rebel Fortifications. — Fort Sumter to be reduced, 148

Chapter XXII

Preparations for the attack upon Charleston by both Army and Navy. — The defences of the City of Charleston. — The Obstructions in the Channel. — The position of Troops at the north end of Folly Island. — April 7th, the Navy move up to attack Sumter. — Bombardment continues one hour and forty minutes. — Keokuk lost, Fleet withdrawn.— Number of Guns and their character. — The small loss of the Ironclads, 154

Chapter XXIII

The Night after the Bombardment— The One Hundredth Regiment relieved.— A Battery planted.— Sixty Rebels sweep around the head of the Island. — Battery withdrawn. — One Hundredth ordered to Cole's Island.— Landed on Cole's Is-

Contents. ■ xvii

PAGE.

land. — Ordered to Folly Island. — Went into Camp. — A view of the situation. — Position of Troops. — A description of Beaufort, the Newport of the South 162

CHAPTEE XXIV.

Regiment pitched Camp on Folly Island. — Paymaster arrived. — Paid troops for six months. — Chaplain Linn went North. — Camp moved. — Roads were constructed. — Co. " H " detached to Pawnee Landing. — Promotions made. — Picket, fatigue, drills and inspections continued. — Weather very warm. — Co. " C " detached to south end of the Island. — Gen. Gilmore succeeds Gen. Hunter. — Active operations expected 168

Chapter XXV

Batteries to be constructed on the north end of Folly Island. — The condition of the Island when first visited. — The good health of the One Hundredth Regiment — A visit to Beaufort. — The Raid of Col. Montgomery with Negro Troops. — The great changes in public sentiment since the opening of the war. — Weather warm.— The Resignation of Lieut. Col. Otis. — His honorable discharge. — Companies detailed alternately at the head of the Island. — Rebels shell the Island, 174

Chapter XXVI

Prosecution of the works at the north end of the Island. — Resignations. — Completion of Batteries, 3d July. — All Troops available sent to Folly Island.— Time fixed for opening the 10th July.— Capt. Payne, the Scout— Gen. Strong in command of the Assaulting Troops. — Gen. Seymour in command of Batteries. — Batteries opened. — Rebels fled. — Prisoners taken. — Three-fourths of the Island taken. —Fort Wagner assaulted, July 11th.— A repulse.— Troops intrench, *82

Chapter XXVII

Gen. Gilmore's Congratulatory Order to the Troops.— Special mention of Gens. Strong and Seymour.— Capt L. S. Payne.

xviii Contents.

PAGE.

— A second assault to be made on Wagner. — Batteries brought from Folly and planted before Wagner.— Other Troops ordered on to Morris Island.— Severe fatigue and dangerous picketing —July 18th, at the edge of evening, the assault to be made.— The Ironclads to assist.— Brigades of Seymour, Putnam and Strong.— Strong led the advance. —The Bombardment continued all day.— At night the Troops assaulted and were repulsed 190

Chapter XXVIII

The Repulse at Fort Wagner.— The Killed and Wounded — Col. Dandy's Letter to the Board of Trade.— The Bravery of the Assaulting Columns. — The Island to be held. — Folly Island the base of supplies. — Troops encamped at the south end of Morris. — The erection of works commenced. — The "Lett Batteries." — The Batteries at the first and second parallels. — The Swamp Angel, its construction, cost and use 198

Chapter XXIX

Commands changed since the charge on Wagner. — Details sent North for Conscripts and Recruits. — The large increase of Sick on the Island. — The Siege prosecuted with vigor. — Reinforcements arrive from the North. — Folly Island one vast Camp. — A Boat Infantry established. — Capt. Payne, the Scout, taken prisoner. — Christian and Sanitary Commissions. — Surgeon Kittenger and his course in the discharge of his duties, 206

Chapter XXX

Gilmore's Land Batteries opened on Sumter August 17th. — The Ironclads assisted. — The Bombardment closed on the 23d. — Sumter was pronounced useless for offensive operations.— The Siege continued— The third, fourth and fifth Parallels were opened.— The Twenty-fourth Massachusetts Drove in the Enemy's Pickets.— The Sufferings and Casualties among the men. — An expedition against Battery Gregg. — It was unsuccessful, 214

Contents. xix

Chapter XXXI. Page

A third assault on Wagner was ordered. — The Rebels had evacuated. — The Forts and Island ours. — The Forts to he rebuilt. — Gen. Gilmore congratulates in General Orders. — He is commissioned as Major General. — Details for duty on picket and fatigue are constant and regular. — Weather cool and disagreeable. — Arrival of Recruits. — The usual routine of camp duties 221

Chapter XXXII

Regiment still on Morris Island. — Major D. D. Nash returned to Regiment. — Batteries open on Charleston. — Execution of a Deserter. — Words about Negro Troops. — Their morale and merit as soldiers. — Deserters from Charleston. — Departure of Col. Dandy and Recruiting Party for Buffalo. — Re-enlisted Veterans arrived. — Their Reception by the Ladies of the Great Central Fair, Mayor, Military and Citizens, . . . 228

Chapter XXXIII

The Spring Campaign of 1864 — Transfer of the One Hun- ■ dredth Regiment from Morris Island to Gloucester Point. — The relation of successive events in the history of Sumter till its restoration by the Government. — The state and condition of Charleston. — The Quenching of Fires by our Soldiery. — The Retreat of Gen. Hardee's Army, 236

CHAPTER XXXTV.

Closing of the Recruiting Office at Buffalo. — Th« Regiment ordered from Morris Island to Gloucester Point — Preparations for a Summer Campaign. — Embarked on Transports. — Landing at Bermuda Hundred. — Gen. Butler in command. — Marched to the Petersburg and Richmond Railroad. — Fought the Enemy, tore up the Railroad and destroyed the Telegraph, 243

Chapter XXXV

The Fight at Walthall Junction.— The Report of Col. G. B. Dandy and favorable mention of officers and men. — The xx Contents.

FAOB.

adroit movements of Gen. Butler on City Point and Bermuda Hundred.— The building of works from the James to the Appomattox. — The advance on the 12th and 13th of May.— The taking of one of the outer Forts of the works at Drury's Bluff.— The charge of the One Hundredth Regiment and their sufferings, 249

Chapter XXXVI

The advance on Port Darling.— The Skirmishers of the One Hundredth.— The wounding of Lieut. Hoyt— The taking of the Rail Fence.— The advance of May 16th.— The fatal results. — Again within Intrenchments. — Duty in Camp and on the Picket Line. — The reported assaults of the Rebels on our line. — Gen. Walker taken prisoner. — Gen. Butler reinforces Grant, 256

CHAPTER XXXVH.

The Regiment still at Bermuda Hundred. — Constant firing of the Rebels on our Pickets. — They evacuate their works. — We entered them, reached the Railroad, and tore up track for three miles. — Assailed by Pickett's Division, — The Rebels repulsed. — We held their Pits. — They assault on the 17th of June. — Are repulsed. — The Brigade ordered to Deep Bottom. — Made a landing and intrenched. — Capt. Granger charged the Grover House and drove the Rebels, 266

CHAPTER XXXVIH.

The Position of the Grover House. — The assistance of the Gunboats. — The Rebels shelled. — Our position at Deep Bottom contrasted with that on the Bermuda Front. — The Works on our Front were made strong. — The Brigade was reinforced. — July 27th Hancock and Sheridan moved upon our right. — The whole line moved. — Co.," K," Capt. Granger, made another charge. — Capt. Richardson killed. — His body was not recovered, 274

CHAPTER XXXIX.

Preparations for the advance on the north side of the James at Deep Bottom. — Hancock's Corps and Gregg's Cavalry

Contents. xxi

PASS.

with Terry's Division of Birney's Tenth Corps. — Moved out of works at Deep Bottom on the morning of August 15th. — The One Hundredth charge and take a Battery of four guns. — Made a connection with Hancock and moved to the front, and led the charge on the enemy's works at Fussill's Mills, 281

CHAPTER XL.

The charge on the Rebel Works, August 16th. — The Regiment repulsed. — Fell back and threw up Intrenchments. — The Rebels attack and are repulsed in turn. — The dead were buried under a flag of truce. — Withdrew on the night of the 18th. — Moved to old camp at Deep Bottom. — Regiment lost seventy-three killed, wounded and missing. — Paymaster arrived. — Money expressed home, 288

CHAPTER XLI.

Hancock and Gregg withdrawn from the north side of James River. — The One Hundredth again at Deep Bottom. — Ordered to the Trenches before Petersburg. — Occupied the position held by the Ninth Corps. — Gen. Bumside. — Life in the Trenches. — Col. Dandy gone to Buffalo. — Pew officers for duty 296

CHAPTER XLH.

Withdrawal of the Regiment from the Trenches of Petersburg. — A few days' rest at the rear, preparatory.to another move. — Moved on the evening of the 28th Sept. — Crossed at Deep Bottom. — Took Fort Harrison, Spring Hill and the entire line of the Rebel Works. — The works were turned, and we were assaulted 7th Oct., and gave the Enemy a severe and bloody repulse. — Withdrew and camped a few days at Deep Bottom. — Returned to the front, 304

CHAPTER XLIII.

The Regiment ordered to the front from Deep Bottom. — A visit from G. S. Hazard, President of the Board of Trade, Buffalo. — Maj. Nash honorably discharged. — Return of Col.

XX11

Contents.

Dandy.— Two Hundred Recruits arrived.— The Fight on the Darbytown Road, October 27th— The Troops retire behind their works for winter quarters.— The muster out of the " Old Men."— Their return to Buffalo 313

CHAPTER XLIV.

Col. Plaisted issued an Address to the Third Brigade.— Col. Dandy in command of Brigade, Capt. Brunck of Regiment. —The "Old Men" of the Regiment mustered out— Their Reception by the Board of Trade.— The Address of the President, G. S. Hazard. — The Promotions in the Regiment. — Arrival of Recruits. — Executions of Deserters. — Occupation of Troops in winter quarters. — Gen. Butler relieved. — Gen. Ord in command. — Rebel Deserters, 320

CHAPTER XLV.

Routine of Camp Duties before Richmond. — Promotions during the winter. — Grant's movement on the left. — Sheridan's Grand Cavalry Raid. — Brigade, Division and Corps Reviews, attended by President Lincoln, Secretary Stanton, Grant and many Ladies. — The fine appearance of the Army at this date.— Moved March 27th for the south side of the James at Hatcher's Run.— Advanced upon the Enemy's Works, ... 326

CHAPTER XL VI.

The steady advance upon the Enemy's Works.— The Rebels assault on the morning of April 1st.— They are successfully repulsed.— Regiment continues to intrench.— The advance April 2d, and Storming of Fort Grigg in the rear of Petersburg.— Promotions in the Regiment March 30th, 333

CHAPTER XL VII.

The assault of Port Grigg in the rear of Petersburg.— The work assigned to the First Division, Twenty-fourth Army Corps.— The loss of Maj." Dandy of the One Hundredth New York.— The Fort taken.Jand garrison nearly all killed and wounded. — The pursuit of Gen. Lee: — Arrival at Burkes-

Contents. xxiii

PAGE.

ville. — Pass through Farmville, and reach the Rebel Army at Appomattox.— Fighting the last Battle.— Surrender of Lee's Army. — Its Parole.— News of the President's Assassination. — Return march. — Entering Richmond, 339

CHAPTER XL VIII.

The One Hundredth joins the Brigade at Appomattox. — The return march to Richmond. — Our reception by the resident Troops. — Encamped outside City. — Reception of Second, Fifth and Sixth Corps and Sherman's Army. — Incidents and routine of Camp Life. — Inspections and reviews, 346

CHAPTER XLIX.

Gen. Foster in command of Division on leave. — Gen. Osborne in command. — Return Soldiers from Andersonville. — Leaves of absence and passes to the City. — Resignation of Capt. Stowits. — Letter of Gen. Dandy. — Appointment of Capt. Cook as Acting Assistant Adjutant General. — A Corps Review and Gen. Gibbon's farewell order. — Arrival of the One Hundredth at Albany, and muster out. — Presentation of Battle Flags of the One Hundredth Regiment to the Buffalo Historical Society, by Lieut. Col. Warren Granger, Jr., 352

CHAPTER L.

Closing Words. — Reflections upon the War so successfully ended, and the brilliant and hopeful future of this Young Republic, 359

Appendix

Biographical Sketches. In Memoriam :

Colonel James Malcolm Brown, 363

Lieutenant Colonel Phineas Staunton, 366

Major James H. Dandy, 368

Captain Michael Bailey, 369

Captain William Richardson 371

Captain Frank C. Brunck, 371

Lieutenant John W. WilkeBon, Jr.", 373

Lieutenant Charles Severance Farnham 376

Lieutenant Samuel S. Kellogg, 378 xxiv Contents.

Biographical Sketches. In Memoriam : via*.

Lieutenant' Rodney B. Smith, Jr., 378

Adjutant Herbert H. Haddock 379

Lieutenant Charles H. Runckle, 380

Lieutenant Azor Hilton Hoyt 381

Lieutenant Cyrus Brown, 382

Lieutenant James H. French, 382

Biographical Sketches of Surviving Officers :

Brigadier General Gustavus A. Scroggs, 383

Brevet Brigadier General Calvin N. Otis, 386

Major Daniel D. Nash, 387

Lieutenant Colonel Lewis S. Payne, 389

Brevet Colonel Warren Granger, Jr 393

Lieutenant Colonel Charles E. Walbridge, 394

Major George H. Stowits, 396

Lieutenant George G. Barnum, Jr., 398

Captain Oscar F. Richards, 399

Lieutenant Alfred Lythe 400

George S. Hazard, 403

Buffalo Board of Trade, 405

Erie County Savings Bank 406

Commissioned Officers 407

Muster In Roll, Field and Staff Officers 410

Company " A," 410

List of Names Recruited by the Board of Trade, 421

Chapter I

ORDER OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT '.TO GEN. G. A.

SCROGGS. NUMBER OF MEN RECRUITED FOR THE

"EAGLE BRIGADE." STATEMENT OF ADJT. GEN. STONE- HOUSE. — NOMINATION OF GEN. SCROGGS FOR BRIGA- DIER-GENERAL. — ORIGIN OF THE ONE HUNDREDTH REGIMENT.

The struggle for National life was upon us. The people were aroused. The "War Department, August 19th, 1861, issued to Gen. Ghistavus A. Scroggs, of the city of Buffalo, N. T., the following order:

War Department, August 19th, 1861.

Gen. G. A. Scroggs, Buffalo, N. Y. :

Sir: — You are hereby authorized to raise and organize a brigade of four full regiments, to serve for three years or during the war.

This acceptance is with the distinct understanding that this Department will revoke the commissions of all officers who may be found incompetent for the proper discharge of their duties.

You will promptly advise Adjt. Gen. Thomas, at Washington, 2

26 One Himdredth W. T. S. Yolwnte&rs.

the date at which your men will be ready for mustering, in accordance with General Orders relative thereto. I am, Sir,

Very respectfully, [l. s.] Your obed't servant,

THOMAS A. SCOTT, Asst. Secretary of War.

Gen. Scroggs received the order August 22d, and immediately entered upon the duties assigned him. Being authorized, he established a camp at Fort Porter, designating it Camp Morgan, overlooking Niagara river, the harbor of Buffalo and the adjacent shore of Canada ; and at once took the necessary steps for successfully recruiting, by establishing offices at different points in the city, county and surrounding country.

Barracks, a mess house, guard house and other buildings were constructed for the accommodation of recruits assembled and assembling, sufficient to accommodate fifteen hundred men.

Recruiting continued at Buffalo, and at other places, under the authority of Gen. Scroggs, until the 16th day of August, 1862.