Specifications for street roadway pavements, with instructions to inspectors on street paving work

Front matter

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BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE

SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND

Preface To Second Edition

In offering to the public a new edition of "Specifications for Street Roadway Pavements" the author has taken advantage of the opportunity to revise and expand somewhat the matter in the original edition and to add thereto Instructions for Inspectors on pavement work.

Since the publication of the original pamphlet in 1907 no little advance has been made in the design and construction of street pavements and the framing of specifications for that work. Aside from the personal study and efforts of individual engineers, the Association for Standardizing Paving Specifications, organized in the latter part of 1909, has held four important conventions, devoted to the improvement and standardization of specifications for street pavements, and its able standing Committees have devoted much time and thought to the subject. The American Society of Municipal Improvements has also devoted much attention to the subject and has adopted standard specifications for most of the common kinds of pavement. Other organizations have been working along the same lines.

Under these circumstances it might be thought that there is no longer any pressing need for the continuance of individual efforts in this field, and it has been with some hesitation that the author has returned to it. Without venturing to criticise the work done by these public organizations it has seemed to the author that there is yet room for individual work in this field, if for no other reason than that there still remain quite divergent views not only as to the substance, but as to the form, scope and phraseology of specifications, and contributions based upon some knowledge and experience in street pavement may not be without value in reaching final conclusions.

As might be expected experience and observation during the past five years have, in a number of particulars, modified the author's opinions and shown where the original specifications offered might be improved and enlarged, so that while, in the main, those now offered follow the original text, the reader will find not a few changes.

vi PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION

There has also been added specifications for two comparatively new kinds of roadway pavement that have merited attention, and for concrete sidewalk and concrete combined curb and gutter.

So far as the author is aware there has not been printed, in America at least, any complete and comprehensive code of instructions for pavement inspectors, though there appears to be a demand, as there certainly is a need, for something of the kind.

Having been asked about a year since to prepare such a set of instructions for the use of one American city, the author has rewritten parts of them in a more general form, and they are printed (with the permission of the engineer for whom they were written) as Part II of this edition. While they would need some revision and modification to meet the conditions and special specification provisions in any particular city, it is thought they may be useful in at least suggesting the points to be covered.

PART I SPECIFICATIONS Introductory

Value of general specifications ....

Theory of specifications

Street paving work . .

Specifications should be fair and just to contractor

Relations of contractor to municipality

Advertisements for proposals

Instructions to bidders

Relation between specifications and contract

Specifications .

Preparation of specifications Engineer as arbiter Itemized unit prices

SPECIFICATIONS General

General description of work .

Definitions

Changes in plans and specifications

Quality of material and work .

Inspection . .

Injury to persons and property

Sanitary and public convenience

Disorderly employees

Order and progress of work .

Pavement datum

City monuments and stakes Old and new material . ...

Adjusting street structures . .

Connection with existing pavements Measurements and computations.

Incidental and extra work . ....

Guaranty • . ... ...

Preparing the sub-grade Foundations

Concrete foundations — Portland cement .

Sand

Stone

Care of materials . .

Ratios . . .

Page I

I

4 6

7 9 9 9 9

AGE

Section

I

IS

IS

S i6 i6

7-9

I?

lO

II i8 i8 i8

I4-IS i8

23-24

28-29

Vll

Vlll

CONTENTS

Page

Section

Foundations— {Continued)

Mixing concrete

. . 28

Placing concrete

Setting of concrete

Foundation of old paving stone

Foundation of broken stone

40-41

General note

Crude and refined asphalts

. 36

43-46

Tempering agent

Sand

Pulverized stone

Asphaltic paving cement .

5°

Composition, surface mixture

SI

Base course

52-54

Laying asphalt pavement

55-58

Plant

60-61

Asphalt block

Composition and quality

63-64

Laying blocks

Granite blocks

5°

Sand cushion

SI

Setting blocks

SI

73-74

Filling joints

S2

Bridge and crossing stone .

SS

S6

8(^81

Paving brick .

S6

82-84

Delivering brick .

Sand cushion .

S8

Setting the brick . ,

87-89

Filling the joints

92-93

Wood blocks

Creosote oil

Preservative treatment

Laying wood blocks

Filling joints

. . ' 68

Inspection lOI

Bitmninous concrete pavement

General note .

103-109

Bituminous concrete . .

no

CONTENTS

IX

Mixing and laying . .

Hydraulic concrete pavement

Sub-grade and foundation . ...

Bottom course . . . ....

Top, or surface, course

Expansion joints . ...

Bituminous surface Experimental or Untried Pavements Concrete Curb and Gutter

General

Excavation and drainage

Concrete

Weather

Circular corners

Steel protection

Finishing, forms, etc.

Payment for Concrete Sidewalks

General note

General dimensions.

Grading

Drainage

Bottom course .

Surface course .

Weather .

Regrading.

Repairing defects

Measurement and payment . .