Canada under the administration of the Earl of Dufferin

Front matter

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Preface

REMARK or two on the general plan and scope of my work may not be out of place here. I have endeavoured to present, in a thoroughly impartial way, the various political and social events which have from time to time arisen during the brilliant administration of the Earl of Dufferin in Canada. Political topics, I am aware, require quite delicate handling, and if I have succeeded in keeping out of very hot water, I shall not be unsatisfied with my labours. Lord Dufferin has very kindly and courteously revised his speeches for me, but beyond this he has had no connection whatever with the composition of my book, nor has he in the slightest way inspired a single line of its contents. I, alone, am responsible for the opinions it contains.

In order to afford a convenient vehicle for the beautiful and eloquent specimens of Lord Dufferin's oratory, which this book contains, I have described the different journeys he has taken throughout the Dominion, and presented certain aspects of the country as they appeared at the time, and which called forth many of the utterances of His Excellency. In doing this, I have sought to exhibit the natural xiv PREFACE.

characteristics and resources of each province, city, town, and village through which the Viceroy passed. Lord Dufferin has been careful to familiarize himself with the geography and history of the land over whose destinies he has so successfully and gracefully presided, and his delightful and ornate speeches show the deep interest he has always taken in our affairs. These eloquent speeches, many of them delivered on the spur of the moment during the hurry of continued journeys from place to place, and under conditions which rendered their serious preparation a physical impossibility, have done much to make Canada known abroad, and have materially helped forward the various schemes, of emigration to this country. He has presented in an attractive way the unrivalled resources of Canada as a grazing, an agricultural and a mineral country, and his words have borne good results. It is not necessary to speak of the incisive, sparkling and epigrammatic character of His Excellency's addresses and speeches. They are given here in all their freshness, spontaneity and brilliancy, that everyone may read and enjoy them for himself. I have allowed the cheers, applause and other indications of the feeling of the audience to stand, as they give life to the performance and exhibit the manner in which His Lordship's remarks were received at the time of their delivery.

THE AUTHOR.

Toronto, Ucr. 24, 1878.

CHAPTER I. Page

The New Governor-General — Lord Dufferin — His Previous Career — Appointment to Canada — The Countess of Dufferin — Arrival at Quebec — Up the Ottawa — In the Capital — The Progress through Ontario — AiTival at Toronto — The Exhibition at Hamilton- At Niagara — The Trip to London — Among the Colleges and Schools— Upper Canada College — The University — Trinity College — The Roman Catholic Halls of Learning. - - ----- - 17

Chapter II

Return to Ottawa — Lord Dufferin in Montreal — The Ball at Quebec — In Montreal again — McGill University— St. Mary's College— Convent of Villa Maria— Montreal College — St. Patrick's Asylum.

Chapter III

The Second Parliament — The Pacific Railway — Mr. Huntington and His Resolution— Mr. McMullen — Sir Hugh Allan's Affidavit — At Halifax — Return to Ottawa — Angry Politicians — Resignation of the Ministry — Triumph of Mr. Mackenzie and His Partj^. - - - - - 115

Chapter IV

Embarking on Board the "Druid" — The Maritime Province Tom-— Lady Dufferin Kills a Salmon — Gaspe — At Dalhousie — In Chatham — Newcastle— Prince Edward Island- Arrival in Pictou — Cape Breton — Halifax- Arrival in St. John, N.B. — Fredericton — Woodstock, N.B. — Return by Riviere du Loup— Quebec — Ottawa again. - - - 247

Chapter V

Third Parliament of Canada- Louis Riel— In the Villages of Canada — Prince Arthur's Landing — Arrival in Chicago — Speech before the Board of Trade — In Windsor — Detroit — Sarnia — Guelph — Brantford Woodstock — IngersoU — London — St. Thomas — St. Catharines — Niagara— Toronto — Whitby— Cobourg— Belleville- Napauee— Kingston— Brock ville — Ai-rival at Ottawa. 277

Chapter VI

The British Columbia Difficulty — Mr. Edgar Despatched to British Columbia — The "Carnarvon Terms"— Their Acceptance — Mr. Mackenzie's Bill thrown out in the Senate. - ■ .>o4 xvi CONTENTS.

CHAPTER VI J.

Page The Amnesty Qutstitm Bill in the Britisli riuliiuueiit - The North West— ReK'iniiiiij,' of the Tmuhle Hon. William Maodougall— Louis Kiel— Archhishoi) Tiichi'- Mr. Howe's Letter—Lord Dufferin's masterly Di'spatcii Settlement of the Ctuse. - 381

Chapter XV

Visit of The Municipal Delegates— The one drawback to the Pictm-e — The Marquis of Lome and the Princess Louise — Laval LTniversity— St. Jean Baptiste Society— In Toronto— Speech at Exhibition- Other addresses-Return to Quebec — Farewell to Canada— Departure of the Earl of Dufferin. 636

Appendix

A. Lord Dufferin's Speech in the House of Lords. 681

B. List of Medals given by His Excellency. 685

CAl^ADA

UNDER THE ADMINISTRATION' OP

THE EARL OF DUFFERIN

Chapter I

The Announcement— The New Governor-General — Lord Duf- FERiN — His Previous Career — Appointment td Canada — The Banquet at Belfast — An Eloquent After-Dinner Speech — The Toast— The Countess of Dufferin — Lord Dufferin at Derry — The Ladies of Ireland — Departure for Canada — Arrival at Quebec — The Reception — Addresses — Up the Ottawa— In the Capital — Visit to the Camps — Return to Quebec —Gaieties in the Ancient City — The Progress through Ontari* — Arrival at the "Queen Citv of the West" — The Exhibition at Hamilton — Back to Toronto — Tremendous Enthusiasm of the People — At Niagara — The Trip to London — Third Visit to Toronto — A Month in the Western Capital — Among THE Colleges and Schools — His Excellency's Speeches — L'pper Canada College — The University —Trinity College — The Roman Catholic Halls of Learning — The Loretto — With the Presbyterians — ^Termination of the Festrities — The Grand Ball.

[HEN it was announced officially, in 1872, that the Earl of Dufferin was to be the new Governor- General of Canada, a marked feeling of surprise was manifested in many quarters. His name was new to the great body of Canadians, and except in cer-

IS .1 srEi'j'ii IN Till': iiorsE or l<)I:I)S.

tain literary circles few Iwid c\er even lieanl uf the clo- (|ueiit peer. He was known anion^^ cultivated readers as till' author of a very entertaining book of travel, and as the son of a lady who had written "The Irish Emigrant," and several other delightfid liish hallads, and a jeu d'csl>rit. consisting of pen .lud ink sketches, illustrative of the supposed adventures of an old maid on her travels in Egypt. The illustrations, executed by herself, were exceedingly good, and the humoiu- of the letter-press w^as very gentle and delicate. The rich blood of the Sheridans flowed in his veins, and the Honourable Mrs. Caroline Norton was his aunt. Mrs. Norton was the lady who sat at the head of that distinguished circle of sweet singers forty years ago, and whose poetry the quaint Maginn once said was " as tluent, as clear, as lucid, and as warm as the liquid distilling from the urn." It w'as remembered by some that Lord ^ufFerin had delivered in the House of Lords one eloquent speech,* — a speech full of scholarly grace atid beauty — on the occasion of his moving the address to Her Majesty in answer to the Speech from the Throne. All England rang with praises of this masterly utterance, and the touching allusions to the loss which the nation had sustained in the death of the Prince Consort, awakened many a responsive throb in the hearts of the people. Scotsmen, too, recollected that Lord Dufferin had delivered a stirring address at the Centenary Celebration of Sir Walter Scott's birth-day, in Belfast, and

" This speech was delivered Thursday, Gtli February, 1862. A long extract from it will be found in Appendix A.

A LORD IN WAITim^ ON THE QUEEN. V.)

liis eloquent words in praise of the " Ariosto of the North," won for liini a fresh host of admirers. But beyond wliat was known of the new Governor-General in a literary way, he was looked upon by the mass of Canadians as an untried man, and information about him was eagerly sought after. Information, however, was scant, for though Lord Dufferin had filled, with a large measure of success, many important trusts in his native land, and had served his sovereign in foreign countries, his labours were of so unostentatious a character that they gained for him little publicity.

He was born in 1826, and succeeded to the Peerage in 1841. In 1S62 he married Hariiet Hamilton, daughter of the late Archibald Hamilton, Esq., of Killyleagh Castle, County Down, Ireland. He was educated at Eton and Christ-Church College, Oxford, and in 1846-I-7, after taking his degree, he devoted himself to the amelioration of Ireland, then enduring the horrors of famine. He was a Lord in Waiting on the Queen from 1849 to 1852, and again from 1854 to 1858, and subsequently served as Under Secretary of State for War, anil in the same capacity at the India Office. In 1860 he went on his first important mission, and accomplished a work which earned for him at the time much renown, and for which he received the order of a Knight Commander of the Bath. He was sent to Syria as Commissioner of the Crown,* and entrusted w^th the settlement of the difficulties between the natives and Chris-

* A full account of the Syrian massacres and the part taken by Lord Duffeiiu will be found in " The Eastern Question : its Facts and Fallacies," by Malcolm MacColl, M.A.

20 LUJll) DIFFKHIN AND MR. MILL.

tians. }f(' sncc'C'pdcfl in inastei'iiig tliu details of tliis di'licato mission, and not oidy satisfactorily arranged the Tuikish troubles, but he also compromised matters between the Frencli and the warlike Druses. He gave a Constitution to Lebanon, and we have here the first evidence of his ability as a statesman and a di[)lomatist. Soon afterwards he was offered the Governorship of Bombay, but declined it on account of his mother's health. In 18G8 he was made Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster — a position which was once offered to the Earl of Elgin on his retirement from the Governor-Generalship of Canada. In 18GG Lord Dufferin published an able work, entitled " Contributions to an Enquiry into the State of Ireland," and two years later there appeared his keen pamphlet on " Mr. Mill's Plan for the Pacification of Ireland," which displayed not only a thorough knowledge and practical experience of the subject, but a singular power of satire and much argumentative skill. Every point he made was indisputable, and while the essay bristled with facts which no one could gainsay, its humour was subtle and penetrating.

In politics Lord Dufferin is a Liberal. His party was in power in 1872, and it is to the Ministry of Mr. Gladstone that he owed his appointment as Governor-General of the Dominion. His success in Syria and the adaptability he exhibited in dealing with Oriental peoples has frequently caused his name to be mentioned in connection with the Vice-Royalty of the Indian Empire. Lord Dufferin is one of tlie few Peers whose privilege it is to hold three orders of knighthood.

THE BELFAST BANQUET. 21

He received his appointment in the early part of the year 1872, and as soon as it became known, the people of Belfast determined, irrespective of politics, to tender him a public banquet. It was held in the Ulster Hall on the evening of the 12th of June, and no more distinguished gathering had ever assembled in that place before. It was a representative meeting, and people of every creed and class united in doing honour to a countryman of their own, and one who had so well deserved that honour. The rooms were superbly decorated. The statuary, paintings and bronzes, the softened lights, the rare plants and flowers, the rich drapery, the ornaments on the walls, and the skilful grouping of the flags, presented a scene regal in its magnificence. The guests began to arrive at an early hour, and when all had assembled the company sat down to a dinner of the most recherche character, the mayor of the City presiding. After dinner a number of letters of regret were read, including a tender note from Mrs. Norton, who contributed eight lines of a tuneful song she had once heard Tom Moore recite at the country seat of the Marquis of Lansdowne. After which the usual loyal and patriotic toasts were proposed, when the sentiment of the evenino' was oiven from the chair. The toast was honoured with enthusiastic applause, when His Excellency arose and made the following response : —

Mr. Mayoe, my Lords, Ladies and Gentlemen, — I am sure it will be easily understood that to any one in my situation to-night it must be very diflicult to find words, either simple enough or strong enough, to express his thanks. Those whom I see around me are representatives of all that

is most (listinguisliud in the social, mercantile, ])olitical, ami professional world of Ulster and the Nortli. 'i'hey are, therefore, the very men wliose good opinion it lias always been my chief aml'ition to accpiire. Amongst them are included not oidy my personal friends and political associates, but numbers to whom it has been my misfortune to find myself opposed on many momentous public (piestions, and on whose indulgence and sympathy, therefore, I could have no claim beyond what their native g-enerosity of feeling might supply. (Cheers.) Yet all have been pleased to join together to-night in a demonstration of personal kindness and good-will towards Lady UufFerin and myself, so cordial and so unanimous, so diverse in the quarters whence it proceeds, and so magnificent in its outward characteristics, as may well rendei' the object of it speechless from surprise and gratitude. (Loud cheers.) Yet, ladies and gentlemen, however une([ual I may be to making you understand all that I feel at this moment, there is one assurance I nuist hasten togi\'e you, and that is that I fully comprehend that it is not to anything I have done, or been, or am, that T owe this supreme honour, but that I am indebted for it to that instinctive feeling of sympathy which all Irish hearts show towards those who, in the discharge of anxious public duties, are called u])on to leave their home and native land. (Applause.) You, Mr. Mayor, have indeed been good enough to lay some stress on my humble efforts to promote the advantage of this town and neighbourhood. (Hear, hear.) But, although 1 am conscious that the desire to serve my country has never ceased to be the great passion of my life — (hear,^ hear)

RESPECT FOR POLITICAL OPPONENTS. 2'6

— a sense of how little I have ])een able to do towards so great an end has not failed to supply me with a store of humiliating reflections. In one res[)ect alone is my conscience at ease, and that is in the know edge that, from mv earliest entry into puldic life, neitlier from fear nor favoui-, neither from a love of applause noi' from a dread of running counter to any dominant tide of popular sentiment, have I ever been turned aside from advocating what T believed to be fair, and just, and right. (Great cheering.) As a consequence, I have found myself opposed in turn to many of the phases of political thought and feeling which may have prevailed in this country. Probably there are many gentlemen in this i-oom — -I trust no lady — (hear, hear) — to whom at one time or another my words and conduct ma}' have been displeasing — (hear, hear, and cheering) — but I hope I may regard their presence here to-night as an assurance that, in the warmest moments of controversy, no matter how strong my personal convictions, I have never failed to pay to my temporary opponents that respect and deference which was due to their high character, their conscientious motives, and their intellectual eminence. (Applause.) On the other hand, I trust I may take this opportunity of assuring those of my entertainers with whom I have been politically allied, that I retain a no less grateful appreciation of the confidence with which they have honoured me, of the encouragement with which they have greeted my humble efforts on their behalf, and of the genial and affectionate cordiality which has invested our political intercourse with the attributes of pei'sonal friendship. (Cheers.) Ladies and

24 FAJrJ'Y ALLEGIANCE.

gentlemen, ( "oiistitutional Goveniuieiit must iioce.s.sanly be carried uii by |arty. (Hear, hear.) Allegiance to one's party is the til st obligation on every honourable man. (Hear, hear.) Party \varfare is as necessary to our political existence a« those conflicting forces whieli hold the world in equilibrium and refresh and purify the face of nature. But if there is one respect in which public life in this country has the advantage over public life amongst other nations, it is that our statesmen, in respecting themselves, have learned to respect each other — (hear, hear) — it is that each section of the community, in advocating its own opinions or interests, is content to do so with sobriety and moderation, and that a mutual spirit of forbearance leads to the settlement of the most burning questions, under conditions in which both sides can eventually acquiesce — it is that political controversy seldom degenerates into personal rancour — it is that, when once Her Majesty has been pleased to invest one of her subjects with representative authority — whether as a judge, an ambassador, or a viceroy — (cheers) — no matter what may have been the vehemence of his political antecedents— his countiymen, of all classes and parties, are content to regard him henceforth as their common servant, champion, and representative — (hear, hear) — as emancipated from all taint of political partisanship — (hear, hear) — and as actuated by a simple desire to serve the nation at large. (Cheers.) It is this generosity of sentiment on the part of the British people which seems to have acted like an inspiration on the minds of those great men whose services abroad have added so many glorious pages to our history.

LEAVING THE FAMILIAR SHORE. 25

It has purified their natures, elevated their aspirations, invigo rated their intellects, until, as in the ease of Lord Canning— (cheers) — Lord Elgin — (cheers) — and our late lamented countrymen, Lord Mayo — (loud applause) — their reputations have expanded beyond the anticipations of their Avarraest friends, and in dying they have left behind them almost heroic memories. (Loud cheers.) And how could this be otherwise ? As the ship he sails in slowly moves away from the familiar shore — as the well-known features of the landscape — the bright villas, the pointed spires, the pleasant woods, the torrent beds that scar the mountain side — gradually melt down into a single tint, till only the broad outline of his native coast attracts his cjaze, somethinoof an analogous process operates within the exile's mind, and as he considers his mission and his destiny, the landmarks of home politics grow faint, the rugged controversies which divide opinion become indistinct, the antagonisms of party strife recede into the distance, while their place is occupied by the aspect of an united nation which has confided its interests and its honour to his keeping, and by the image of the beloved Mistress he repi'esents and serves. (Loud cheers.) It is thoughts like these, it is the consciousness that he carries with him the confidence of his countrymen, the good wishes of his friends, the favour of his Queen, that compels a man to forget himself, his selfish interests and feelings, and makes him wholly his country's — which gives him courage to incur responsibility, to sustain odium, to confront danger, to .*^acrifice health, and, if need be, life itself, at the simple call of duty. (Cheers.) Ladies and gentlemen — As far as such

.1 srh'ICTLY C(>\S ITVTlUNAL (H>\KliN M KNT.

inspiratiiii^- auspices as these can < iisuie success, few will liavc left their native shoies undei- luuio eiicouragiiij^' circumstances than niys(!lf. (Hear, liear.) ] only wish I eould feel that the fViendly anticipations you have expressed were nioi'e certain to l)e I'ealisetl. But, aftei' all, [x-rhaps a deep and ainiost o])pressive sense of the responsibility of one's position, a huui])le ho})e to Iw enabled, in sjdte of one's deficiencies, to do one's duty, a due appreciation of the lionour of one's post, is a better preparation for a future career than a more confident and self-satisfied frame of mind. (Cheers.) At all events there is one function of my great office which will prove a laboui- of love, and to the discharge of which 1 know I shall not be unequal, that which will consist in presenting myself to our fellow-subjects across the Atlantic, as the embodiment and representative of that kind feeling — (hear, hear) — of that deep s^'uipathy — (hear, hear) — of that ceaseless and indestructible pride and affection with which all classes and all {)arties in this country regard the inhabitants of our great Dominion. (Cheers.) Ladies and gentlemen, you are, of course, aware that the Government of Canada is strictly constitutional — (hear, hear) — that it reflects in all respects the institutions of this country, and that this resemblance is maintained not merely by the outward form of its machinery, but what is of far greater importance, by that spirit of dignified moderation and sagacious statesmanship which inspires the conduct of those distinguished men who have successively administered her affairs, and directed the councils of her legislature. (Applause.) Why, the mere creation of the Dominion, the union of the pro-

CONGENIAL DUTIES. 27

vinces,the concentration of power in the hands of an imperial Parliament, whose jurisdiction now extends from ocean to ocean, is itself a proof of the patriotism, of the ability, and of the organising power of the Canadian people. (Hear, hear.) It is not to be su[>posed but that many local interests, prejudice.s, and traditions must have imagined themselves compromised by the absorption of the l(jcal legislatures into the bosom of the mightier body, but not only have the wisest councils on the subject been permitted to prevail, and all minoi' jealousies been obliterated, but even those who most vehemently op}>osed the arrangement, when once the controversy was concluded, have acquiesced in the settlement, aud with a loyal and generous patriotism have done their very best to render nugatory their own misgivings, and to make the system, they at one time found it necessary to oppose, work to the best possible advantage. (Cheers.) Ladies and gentlemen, who can now doul)t the constructive power, the statesmanlike instincts, the vitality or the future of a community, whose Parliament and whose public men can already boast of such notable achievements in the art of government ? (Hear.) But, ladies and gentlemen, to be the interpreter of the good -wall of the people of Great Britain towards the inhabitants of Canada, is not the only congenial duty imposed upon me by my office. There is another of an analogous kind which it will give me hardly less pleasure to discharge. Side by side the Dominion of Canada, along a frontier of more than 2,000 miles, extends the territory of a kindred race — (hear, hear, and applause) — who are working out their great destiny undei- institutions which, though differing in some of their

•28 PLEASANT ANTU'll'ATlONS.

outward rcspoets from our own, have been elaborated under the inspiration of that same love of freedom — (hear, hear) — that reverence for law, that sobei', practical statesmanship — (hear, hear) — that capacity of self -discipline — (liear, hear) — which characterises the English-speaking- race. (Applause.) As tlie Chief of the Executive of Canada, as the representative of the British Crown, as the servant and spokesman of the British people, it will be niy agreeable duty to exhibit on all occasions whatever of hospitality, courtesy, and friend- 'liness to the citizens of the United States, may most accurately exhibit that genuine sympathy felt by this country for America, which, in spite of any momentary and superficial disputes which may trouble the outward surface of their amity, descends too deep dow^n into the hearts of both peoples, ever to be really shaken or disturbed. (Loud cheers.) It has been my good fortune to know a great number of distinguished Americans — some of my dearest friends are natives of the States — and not the least of the pleasant anticijpations which await me is the prospect of acquiring a better knowledge, and becoming more intimately acquainted with the social and political organisation of that great and prosperous nation. (Loud applause.) But,ofcourse, the most constant and absorbing duty of every one connected with the Government of Canada, and one not less agreeable than those to which I have alluded, will be that of developing the latent wealth and the enormous material resources of the vast territory comprised within my new jurisdiction. Few people in this country have any notion how blessed by Nature is *he Canadian soil. (Hear, hear.) The beauty, majesty, and

CANADIAN INDUSTEY AND WEALTH. 29

material importance of the Gulf of the St. Lawrence is, indeed, the theme of every traveller ; while the stupendous chain of lakes, to which it is the outlet, is well-known to afford a system of inland navigation such as is to be found in no other part of the habitable globe. The inexhaustible harvests of its seas, annually gathered by its hardy maritime population ; the innumerable treasures of its forests are known to all ; but what is not so generally understood is, that beyond the present inhabited regions of the country, beyond the towns, the lakes, the woods, there stretches out an enormous breadth of rich alluvial soil, comprising an area of thousands of square miles, so level, so fertile, so ripe for cultivation, so profusely watered and intersected by enormous navigable rivers, with so exceptionally mild a climate, as to be destined at no distant time to be occupied by millions of our prosperous fellow -subjects, and to become a central granary for the adjoining continents. (Cheers.) Such a scene as this may well fire the most sluggish imagination,, nor can there be conceived a greater privilege than beingpermitted to watch the development of an industry and civilisation fraught with such universal advantage to the human race. In fact, ladies and gentlemen, it may be doubted whether the inhabitants of the Dominion themselves are as yet fully awake to the magnificent destiny in store for them — (hear, hear) — or have altogether realised the promise of their young and virile nationality. Like a virgin goddess in a primseval world, Canada still walks in unconscious beauty among her golden woods, and by the margin of her trackless streams, catchipg but broken glances of her radiant majesty.

:}() .1 (lESTLE CI! I TIC.

asuiinored ( n tlicir sinfaci', Jiiul scarcely recks as yet ot" the glories awaiting her in the Olympus of Nations. (Loud and long continued cheering.)

Later in tlie evening Lord O'Hagan |)roposed the health of the Countess of Dufferin, and this l)r(Hight out a neat and humoi'ous reply from the Earl of Dufferin, who said, among other things : —

" I well know that although, generally, Lady Dufferin is a very gentle critic of her husband's speeches — (hear, hear, and laughter) — on this occasion, if Demosthenes liimself undertook to speak on her behalf, she would tell the disconcerted orator when he had finished, that he had not given utterance to one-half of what she felt. (Hear, hear, and applause.) You must not, therefore, judge of her gratitude by my feeble expression of it. But, indeed, I thank you again and again from the bottom of my heart ; and perhaps aftei- all there is nothing in this world which so deeply moves the staid, impressive nature of our northern race as any homage rendered to those who reign within our homes. In spite of our commonplace existence, there is not one of us whose soul of souls the dreams of chivalry have failed to visit, or who much values advancement or distinction, or the external symbols of success, except for the sake of her at whose feet he is privileged to lay the wreaths he wins. (Applause.) Work for ourselves — (hear, hear) — honour for those we love — (applause) — is what we covet, and in thus honouring the Countess of Dufferin, you have given hei- husband as great satisfaction, probably, as it w^oiild

THE LADIES OF IRELAND. 31

be possible to afford liini. (Loud applause.) In lier new ^;phere, Lady Dufferin will have important duties to perform, and I only wish I could feel as certain of succeeding in my own office, as I do that she will give satisfaction in the discharge of her duties amongst that kindly and loyal society amongst whom she is to make her home." (Loud cheers.)

In this little speech, and the greater one which precedes it, Lord Dufferin foreshadowed the policy which shaped his rule in Canada.

Before leaving Ireland, he was presented with several addresses from various bodies, and to all of these he made a reply. At Derry, the Town Council entertained the Earl and Countess of Dufferin at luncheon. The health of Their Excellencies was jiroposed by the Mayor, and in his reply, the Governor-General paid a fine tribute to the ladies of Ireland.