Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine

Front matter

mm

pi®

DISEASES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS,

Preface

No apology seems called for in presenting to English-speaking veterinary surgeons and students a treatise on the diseases of cattle. To those entrusted with the onerous task of preventing or curing disease in cattle, sheep, and swine the scantiness of permanent literature dealing with the subject must always have proved a matter of some embarrassment, while to teachers and students alike the want of a concise and modern text-book has long been a difficulty of the first order. It is hoped that the present volume may go some way towards remedying this state of affairs.

As on previous occasions, the writer has freely availed himself of foreign sources of information. Two years ago he purchased the literary rights in Professor Moussu’s “ Maladies du Detail,” which had even then attained an European reputation, and which forms the backbone of the present volume. To obtain further information, the 11101 e impoitant German treatises have been laid under contribution, while all accessible English, American, and Colonial literature of recent date lias been referred to. (The references practically extend up to the moment of writing— the latest being June, 1905.) In this way the work may in some degree claim to have assumed an international character. The extent of the additions is indicated by an increase in the number of illustrations of 140, and of the text of nearly 50 per cent.

Piofessor McQueen has performed the greatly- valued service of

reading proof-sheets and advising the writer as the book passed through the press.

To Dr. Salmon, of the United States Department of Agriculture, special thanks are due for his generous permission to quote from the annual reports of that body.

Other acknowledgments will be found in the text.

VI

PREFACE.

Once again the writer, who on this occasion chances also to be the President of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, appeals for lement judgment on work performed under no common stress of duties, professional and political.

JNO. A. W. DOLLAR.

56, New Bond Street,

London, England,

Section I. Diseases Of The Organs Of Locomotion

CHAP. . PAaR

Methods of Examination 1

I. DISEASES OF BONES 3

General Diseases I

Rachitis I

Local Affections 20

E ractures of the horns ........ 21

Detachment of the horns 23

Fissuring of the horns 24

Exostoses . 27

Spavin in the ox. . 27

Suppurating ostitis 29

II. DISEASES OF TIIE FOOT 31

Congestion of the Claws .31

Contusions of the sole 31

Laminitis 32

Fricks and stabs in shoeing 36

.Picked-up nails, etc. (“ Gathered nail”) 37

Inflammation of the interdigital space (Condylomata) ... 38

Grease

Panaritium — Felon — Whitlow 41

III. DISEASES OF THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES AND OF THE

ARTICULATIONS

i. Synovial Membranes and Articulations .... 45

Synovitis

Inflammation of the patellar synovial CRpsulp , . . . -fo

Vlll

Contents

CHAP.

III. DISEASES OF THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES AND OF THE ARTICULATIONS — continued.

i. Synovial Membranes and Articulations— continued. Distension of the synovial capsule of the hock joint Distension of tendon sheaths in the hock region Distension of the synovial capsule of the knee joint Distension of the synovial capsule of the fetlock joint Distension of tendon sheaths .....

Section II. Diseases Of The Digestive Apparatus

CHAP.

PAGE

I. DISEASES OF THE MOUTH

Stomatitis ........

Simple stomatitis ......

Catarrhal stomatitis in sheep

Necrosing stomatitis in calves

Mycotic stomatitis in calves ....

Ulcerative stomatitis in sheep

General catarrhal stomatitis in swine .

Ulcerative stomatitis in swine

Mercurial stomatitis

Glossitis .......

Superficial glossitis .....

Acute deep-seated glossitis ....

Chronic glossitis ......

II. DISEASES OE THE SALIVARY GLANDS, TONSILS AND

PHARYNX .

Parotiditis (Parotitis)

Acute parotiditis ......

Chronic parotiditis— Parotid fistula

Inflammation of the submaxillary salivary gland

Tonsilitis in pigs .....

Pharyngitis .

Pseudo-membranous pharyngitis in cattle .

Pseudo-membranous pharyngitis in sheep .

Pharyngeal polypi

III. DISEASES OF THE CESOPHAGUS ....

(Esophagitis .....

Stricture of the oesophagus .

Dilatation of the oesophagus

(Esophageal obstructions

Ruptures and perforations of the oesophagus

IV. DEPRAVED APPETITE — fl^HE LICKING HABIT-INDIGESTION

Depraved appetite in the ox.

Depraved appetite in calves and lambs

Colic in the ox

Colic due to ingestion of cold water — Congestive colic .

Colic due to invagination

Colic as a result of strangulation .

Diseases of the stomach

Indigestion .

.

m

X

CONTENTS.

CHAP.

IV. DEPRAVED

— contin tied.

PAGE

APPETITE— THE LICKING HABIT— INDIGESTION

Indigestion — contin ned.

Impaction of the rumen — Indigestion as a result of. over-eating 175

Impaction of the omasum (third stomach) .... 179

Abomasal indigestion . . . . . . . .182

Acute gastric indigestion in swine 185

V. INFLAMMATION OF THE GASTRIC COMPARTMENTS . .186

Rumenitis — Retieulitis — Gastritis . . . . . .186

Acute gastritis . . . . . . . . .188

Catarrhal gastritis in swine . . . . . . .190

Ulcerative gastritis 191

Chronic tympanites . . . . . . . .194

Gastric disturbance due to foreign bodies .... 198

Tumours of the gastric compartments 202

VI. ENTERITIS 203

Acute enteritis 203

Haemorrhagic enteritis . . . . . . . 206

Chronic enteritis (Chronic diarrhoea) ...... 207

Dysentery in calves . . . . . . . . .210

Diarrhceic enteritis in calves . . . . . . .212

VII.

VIII.

Poisoning due to food .

Poisoning by caustic alkalies Poisoning by caustic acids .

Poisoning by common salt .

Poisoning by the nitrates of potash and sod Poisoning by tartar emetic .

Poisoning by arsenic .

Phosphorus poisoning .

Mercurial poisoning Lead poisoning: Saturnism .

Copper poisoning .

Carbolic acid poisoning Poisoning- by aloes Iodoform poisoning Iodine poisoning : iodism Strychnine poisoning .

List of plants poisonous to stock Colchicum poisoning .

Poisoning by annual mercury Poisoning by bryony .

Poisoning by castor oil cake Poisoning by cotton cake Poisoning by molasses refuse Diseases produced by distillery and sugar factory pulp

PARASITES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS .

Gastro- intestinal strongylosis in sheep Lumbricosis of calves

216 217 217

218 218 219

CONTENTS.

XI

CHAP. PAGE

VIII. PARASITES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS — continue'!.

Strongylosis of the abomasum in the ox 26S

Parasitic gastro-enteritis, diarrhoea, and anaemia in cattle, sheep and lambs . . . . . . . . ... 268

Intestinal coccidiosis of calves and lambs (Psorospermosis, haemorrhagic enteritis, bloody flux, dysentery, etc.) . . . .271

Intestinal helminthiasis in ruminants 275

IX. DISEASES OF THE LIVER 279

Congestion of the liver 280

Nodular necrosing hepatitis 280

Cancer of the liver and bile ducts ...... 282

Suppurative echinococcosis ........ 288

Cysticercosis .......... 290

Section III. Respiratory Apparatus

I. EXAMINATION OF THE RESPIRATORY APPARATUS . .311

II. NASAL CAVITIES 319

Simple coryza 319

Gangrenous coryza 320

Tumours of the nasal cavities ....... 325

Purulent collections in the nasal sinuses. Nasal gleet . . 326

Purulent collections in the frontal sinus 327

Purulent collections in the maxillary sinus ..... 329

GEstrus larvae in the facial sinuses of sheep 330

III. LARYNX, TRACHEA AND BRONCHI 333

Acute laryngitis ......... 333

Pseudo-membranous laryngitis 333

Tumours of the larynx ....... 335

Bronchitis 336

Simple acute bronchitis ....... 337

Chronic bronchitis. 337

Pseudo-membranous bronchitis 339

Verminous bronchitis in sheep and cattle (Husk, hoose, etc.) 310

IV. LUNGS AND PLEUR2E .343

Pulmonary congestion . . . . . . . . .343

Simple pneumonia ......... 343

Pneumonia due to foreign bodies — Mechanical pneumonia . . 347

Pneumonia due to the migration of foreign bodies from the

reticulum

Pneumomycosis due to Aspergilli 350

Gangrenous broncho-pneumonia due to foreign bodies . .351

Infectious broncho-pneumonia 354

Broncho-pneumonia of sucking calves 356

XU CONTENTS.

CHAP' PAGE

IY. LUNGS AND PLEUR2E — continued,

Sclero- caseous broncho-pneumonia of slieep .... 358

Pulmonary emphysema

Diseases of the pleura ........ 361

Acute pleurisy 36 1

Chronic pleurisy

Hydro-pneumo-thorax and pyo-pneumo-thorax . . . 366

Y. DISEASES OF STRUCTURES ENCLOSED WITHIN THE MEDI- ASTINUM 368

Tumours of the Mediastinum 369

SECTION IY.

THE ORGANS OF CIRCULATION.

Semiology of the Organs of Circulation 370

I. CARDIAC ANOMALIES 374

Ectopia of the heart 374

II. PERICARDITIS 375

Chronic pericarditis 389

Pseudo-pericarditis ......... 390

III. ENDOCARDITIS 394

IV. DISEASES OF BLOOD-VESSELS 396

Accidental phlebitis 396

Internal infectious phlebitis (Utero-ovarian phlebitis) . . . 39S

Umbilical phlebitis of new-born animals ..... 399

Umbilical phlebitis or omphalo-phlebitis 402

V. DISEASES OF THE BLOOD 406

Septicaemia of new-born animals ...... 406

Takosis : a contagious disease of goats . . . . .412

Blood-poisoning (Malignant oedema) in sheep and lambs in New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . .415

Bovine piroplasmosis in France ....;. 424

Ovine piroplasmosis ........ 425

Diseases produced by trypanosomata 426

Suggested measures for prevention 435

Bilharziosis in cattle and sheep ....... 439

Heat gtroke— Oyer-exertion ,,,,,,, 442

CONTENTS.

Xlll

CHAP.

VI. DISEASES OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM The lymphogenic diathesis .

Caseous lymphadenitis of the .sheep Goitre in calves and lambs .

PAGE . 444

. 448

. 453

. 453

SECTION Y.

NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Cerebral congestion ......... 456

Encephalitis 458

Cerebral Tumours ......... 459

Insolation 460

Post-partum paralysis — Milk fever — Mammary toxiemia — Parturient apoplexy — Dropping after calving . . . .461

Ccenurosis (Gid, sturdy, turn-sick) 467

“ Trembling,” or Lumbar prurigo, in sheep .... 475

SECTION YI.

DISEASES OF THE PERITONEUM AND ABDOMINAL

CAVITY.

I. PERITONITIS . . .478

Acute peritonitis 478

Chronic peritonitis 481

Ascites 483

Peritoneal cysticercosis 485

II. HERNI2E 487

Congenital herniee 487

Perineal hernia of young pigs ...... 487

Umbilical hernia 488

Acquired hernia; 489

Hernia of the rumen 490

Hernia of the abomasum ........ 493

Hernia of the intestine . . . . . . . .494

Treatment of hemise ......... 495

Diaphragmatic hernia ......... 490

Fistula of the digestive apparatus ...... 500

SECTION VII.

GENITO-URINARY REGIONS.

Diseases of the Urinary Apparatus

I. POLYPI OP THE GLANS PENIS AND SHEATH

Inflammation of the sheath

Persistence of the urachus .

XIV

CONTENTS.

CHAP.