A systematic treatise on materia medica and therapeutics with reference to the most direct action of drugs

Front matter

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Preface

In presenting this work to students and physicians, the author desires to state that although it covers the field considered by other writers, it presents in addition the more recent observations of the action of drugs, many of which have never before appeared in book form, and the author’s personal observations. There has been a need for a revision of our literature on this subject for several years past, and for the addition thereto of the results of the more recent observations and experiences. Up to the present time our literature has contained the results of the application of the principles of direct therapeutics originally enunciated, but there has been an evolution — a development, a progressive knowledge — of these principles, which was anticipated and desired by Scudder, King and others, which should be embodied in our permanent literature. These advancements it has been the aim of the author to present in this book, and also to show the consistency, the homogeneous character, the unity and individuality as a whole, of our principles concerning the influence of drugs, as applied in the investigations made, and here recorded.

It is possible that the confident expressions made in some cases concerning drug action may be received by many with incredulity, and it is possible also that the idea may have been expressed more strongly than the author intended, but to those who have had experience in prescribing the remedies here considered according to their specific symptomatology, after a careful, exact diagnosis of all the conditions of the disease for which prescribed, the confidence acquired by their successes will in most cases confirm the sanguine expressions of the author.

The author is under the greatest of obligations to Prof. John Uri Lloyd, of Cincinnati, not only for his most valuable contribution on the subject of Pharmacy and Pharmacognosy, but for the deep personal interest he has taken in the work, and for the

MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS.

willingness with which he has given advice, and tendered most valuable suggestions and encouragement, and for the valuable monographs furnished by himself and by the firm of Lloyd Bros. The author also desires to express his obligations and sincere regard for the assistance and encouragement most generously given by Prof. Anson L. Clark, of Chicago, with whom the author has felt free to advise during the entire period of the formation of his plans for, and the publication of this work.

Recognition is due the firm of Parke, Davis & Co., of Detroit, for their generous contribution of a series of monographs, nearly sixty in number, upon the origin, history, botanical character, and therapeutic properties of new and valuable vegetable remedies, and the freedom they have granted in the use of the information there obtained.

The faithful character of those parts of this work, devoted to the Materia Medica of the Vegetable remedies, and to Electro-therapeutics, is almost entirely due to the faithful and careful study, untiring research, and persistent effort of Dr. A. W. Smith, of Chicago, late professor of Materia Medica in Bennett Medical College, who has labored constantly with the author during the entire year just past in the preparation of those parts of the work.

The strongest expressions of gratitude are due to all members of our school of physicians, with whom the author has consulted concerning the character and scope of this book, for the very generous confidence they have expressed in its ultimate character, and for the warm words of encouragement and assurances of support they have offered, the influence of which has been a source of much help in the many hours of discouragement and depression, which the character of a work of this kind naturally entails.

In the preparation of the material for this work, and in the collection of the facts, the author has drawn freely upon the entire literature of the Eclectic School, and in the capacity of editor of The Chicago Medical Times, has for many years preserved files, clippings and made memoranda of suggestions from the entire exchange list of the current medical literature of all schools. The following authors are among those who have been freely consulted : King’s American, The United States, and the National Dispensatories, and Scudder, Locke, Watkins,

PREFACE.

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Webster, Ringer, Shoemaker, Hale, Hare, J. Henri Leonard, Wood, Bartholow, and Butler on Therapeutics, Gray’s Manual of Botany, Bentham & Hooker’s British Flora, J. N. & C. G. Lloyd, Drugs and Medicines of North America, Parke, Davis & Co., Pharmacology of the Newer Materia Medica, Johnson & Johnson, Monographs on Belladonna.

The medical journals most frequently quoted are The Eclectic Medical Journal, The Gleaner, The American Medical Journal, The Chicago Medical Times, The California Medical Journal. The Western Druggist, The Therapeutic Gazette, The Medical Record, The London Lancet, The Medical Age, The New York Medical Times, The American Journal of Pharmacy, The Pharmaceutical Journal, The National Druggist.

If the facts here presented should give a renewed impulse to investigation into direct drug action, and should in the least assist the physician in the prompt relief of human suffering, the efforts of the author will not have been unavailing.

Finley Ellingwood.

Contents

Definition

Pharmacy and Pharmacognosy Classification

GROUP I.

Chapter II. Sparteine, Caffeine, Apocynum, Crataegus, Anhalonium, Iberis Amara 259 GROUP III

Agents Acting Upon the Respiratory Tract.

Chapter I. Nauseating Expectorants and Respiratory Sedatives— Lobelia, Sanguinaria, Ipecac, Squills, Tartar Emetic, Grindelia, Quebracho, CEnothera, Vasca 269

Chapter II. Agents Acting Upon the Mucous and Serous Structures of the Respiratory Tract — Sticta, Asclepias, Drosera, Euphrasia, Momordica, Potassium Bichromate 285

Chapter III. Agents Acting Upon the Mucous Structure of the Respiratory Tract — Turpentine, Terebene, Benzoin, Ammonium Chloride, Acetic Acid, Ethyl Iodide 291

Chapter IV. Agents Acting as Respiratory Sedatives and Mild Tonics— Prunus Virg., Tolu, Senega, Allium, Yerba Santa, Liquorice 300

CONTENTS.

Chapter V. Agents Acting as Respiratory Sedatives and Tonics — Castanea, Lippia Mexicana, Amylene Hydrate, Cheken. Hysterionica 307

GROUP IV.

Agents Acting Upon the Stomach.

Chapter I. Agents Which Increase the Normal Functional Activity of the Stomach — Stomachics — Collinsonia, Calumba, Gentian, Quassia, Eupatorium Perfoliatum, Lycopodium, Crocus, Salix Alba, Salicin, Rhus Glabra, Cornus Florida, Glycerine. 312

Chapter II. Mild Stomach Tonics — Frasera, Ptelia, Piper Nigrum, Alnus Rubra, Asarum, Panax, Saccharinum, Liatris, Condurango, Elecampane 327

Chapter III. Agents Used for the Relief of Gastric and Intestinal Pain — Gastro-Intestinal Sedatives — Dioscorea, Colocynth, Ginger, Peppermint, Horsemint 335

Chapter IV. Agents Used as Sedatives to Gastric Irritation — Anti-Emetics — Amygdalus Persica, Bismuth Subnitrate, Bismuth Sub-Gallate, Oxalate of Cerium, Arsenic Oxide 342

Chapter V. Agents Used as Evacuants of the Stomach — Emetics — Euphorbia, Mustard, Zinc Sulphate, Zinc Acetate, 349 Copper Sulphate.

Chapter VI. Agents Used for Their Direct Influence Upon the Gastro-Intestinal Canal — Hydrochloric Acid, Nitric Acid,

Sulphuric Acid, Aromatic Sulphuric Acid, Tartaric Acid 357

Chapter VII. Agents Used as Assistants to Gastric or Intestical Digestion— Digestives— Pepsin, Pancreatin, Papaw, Ingluvin, Pineapple, Taka-Diastase 366

GROUP V.

Agents Acting Upon the Intestinal Glandular Organs, and Upon the

Intestinal Canal.

Chapter I. Laxatives and Correctives— Cascara, Rheum, Aloes, Senna, Castor Oil, Olive Oil 376

Chapter II. Agents Used as Liver Stimulants— Podophyllum, Leptandra, Iris, Chionanthus, Chelidonium, Mercury, Sodium Phosphate 388

Chapter III. Agents Used as Mild Liver Stimulants— Taraxacum, Ceanothus, Polymnia, Juglans Cinerea, Euonymus, Sapium Salicifolium 405 f4 MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS.

Chapter IV. Agents Used as Hydragogue Cathartics — Ela

terium, Jalap, Hellebore, Croton Oil, Magnesium Sulphate 412

Chapter V. Agents Used in the Neutralization of Acids, and for their Characteristic Influence Upon the Gastrointestinal Tract — Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Sulphate, Sodium Sulphite, Sodium Chloride, Caustic Potassa, Liquor Potassi, Potassium Carbonite, Potassium Bicarbonate, Potassium Citrate, Liquor Calcis, Magnesium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate 418

Chapter VI. Agents Acting as Direct Intestinal Astringents— Epilobium, Rubus Villosus, Coto, Catechu, Kino 432

Chapter VII. Agents Acting as Gastro-Intestinal Astringents, With Marked Tonic and Stimulant Properties — Geranium, Quercus, Cajuput, Pinus Canadensis 437

GROUP VI.

Agents Influencing the Character of the Blood.

Chapter IV. Lemon, Citric Acid, Thuja, Verbascum, Saxifrage, Melilotus, Sarracenia, Calcium Sulphide 483

Chapter V. Iron and its Compounds — Iron, Chloride of Iron, Tincture of Iron, Sulphate of Iron, Carbonate of Iron, Citrate of Iron, Citrate of Iron and Ammonium, Tartrate of Iron, Tartrate of Iron and Ammonium, Tartrate of Don and Potassium, Citrate of Iron and Quinine, Citrate of Iron and Strychnine, Citrate of Iron, Quinine and Strychnine, Phosphate of Iron, Compound Syrup of the Phosphates, Arsenate of Iron 493

Chapter VI. Iodine and its Compounds, Etc. — Iodine, Tincture of Iodine, Decolorized Iodine, Compound Solution of Iodine, Potassium Iodide, Sodium Iodide, Ferri Iodidum, Acidum Hydriodicum, Oleum Morrhuae 508

GROUP VII.

Agents Acting Upon the Genito-Urinary Organs.

Chapter I. Buchu, Uva Ursi, Triticum, Epigea, Althea, Eryngium, Galium, Petroselinum 520

CONTENTS.

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Chapter II. Stigmata Maydis, Scoparius, Eupatorium Purpureum, Cucurbita Citrullus, Spirit of Nitrous Ether, Equisetum 528

Chapter III. Juniper, Kava-Kava, Hydrangea, Pichi, Xanthium, Benzoic Acid, Sodium Benzoate, Lithium Benzoate, Ammonium Benzoate, Piperazine 534

Chapter IV. Polytrichum, Apis, Aralia, Asclepias Incarnata, Sambucus Canadensis, Sarsaparilla, Hygrophilia 546

Chapter V. Rhus Aromatic, Jambul, Potassium Nitrate, Potassium Acetate, Potassium Chlorate, Sodium Salicylate 551

Chapter VI. Staphysagria, Salix Nigra, Saw Palmetto, Cubebs, Copaiba, Sandalwood 559

Chapter VII. Jaborandi, Serpentaria, Acidum Camphoricum, Cantharides, Thapsia, Zinc Oxide, Ointment of Zinc Oxide, Adeps, Lanolin 567

GROUP VIII.

Agents Acting Upon the Female Reproductive Organs.

Black Haw, Viburnum Opulus, Senecio Aureus, Helonias, Mitchella, Aletris Farinosa, Caulophyllum, Polygonum, Leonurus Cardica, Gossypium, Tiger Lily, Cypripedium, Aralia 583

GROUP IX.

Agents Used in the Control of Hemorrhage— Haemostatics.

Erigeron, Cinnamon, Capsella, Alum, Urtica Dioica, Achillea 601

GROUP X.

Agents Acting Upon Micro-Organisms and Parasites.

Chapter I. Iodoform, Aristol, Boric Acid, Resorcinum, Carbolic Acid, Creasote, Guaiacol, Guaiacol Carbonate, Creolin, Thymol, Potassium Permanganate, Peroxide of Hydrogen, Formaldehyde,

Sulphur, Sulphurous Acid, Arsenite of Copper, Salicylate of Bismuth gQ9

Chapter II. Agents Acting Upon Intestinal Parasites— Anthelmintics Santonica, Spigelia, Aspidium, Convolvulus, Mallotus, Kousso, Pomegranate 632

Medical Electricity and Electro-Therapy 640

Weights and Measures ecn