The story of the Thirty Eighth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers / by George W. Powers

Preface

Ix the following pages, an attempt has been made to present a connected and reliable account of the movements of the Thirty Eighth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers during its term of service in the army of the United States. It has not been the purpose of the writer to describe the movements of armies, or chronicle the results of campaigns, except to illustrate more fully the doings of the regiment. Even in the record of battles, he has rather endeavored to confine himself to the particular part taken by the regiment, than to any more extended view ; and has preferred to give more prominence to those smaller matters peculiar to its experience. Nothing has been drawn from imagination, and no attempt made at word-painting. Neither has it been attempted to describe the scenery of the country, or the manners of the people, in the region where the regiment performed its service. The scope of the work would not allow of this.

Where all, or nearly all, did their duty to the best of their ability, it would be invidious to single out a few, and bring them into prominent notice. Consequently, individual names seldom occur in the text ; and where they do, it is only to

IV PREFACE.

illustrate some movement, or give a clearer idea of the occurrences alluded to. During thirty-two of the thirty-five months' service here recorded, the writer was constantly with his regiment, and noted down the daily events, for the benefit of friends at home. For the remaining time, including a large part of the campaign in the Shenandoah, when he was sick in hospital, he is indebted to the letters, diaries, and conversations of his messmates, Messrs. Joseph G. Bartlett, Richard A. Fitzgerald, and Nathaniel Monroe. He would also return»his thanks to Adjutant Wellington, for valuable official papers, and for assistance, and to Lieut.-Col. Richardson, and Captains Rundlet, Bennett, Jewell, Howland, and Davis, for the muster-out rolls of the regiment.

The writer is well aware that the same objects are seen by different parties in a widely different light ; and he has had a lively illustration of the fact while endeavoring to learn the movements of the regiment during his absence ; for, while all agreed as to the main points, as soon as details were entered upon there was a wide difference of opinion, or of memory. However, he trusts that nothing essential has been misstated.

The roll of the regiment was compiled from duplicate copies of the muster-out rolls taken at Savannah, with the exception of Companies B and H, which were copied from the rolls in the office of the Adjutant General, whose assistants courteously permitted them to be used. These rolls contain

PREFACE. A*

the particulars relating to each man as far as known at the muster-out of the regiment. Additional items have been obtained from the non-commissioned officers of the various companies, and much care taken to have this portion of the work correct. But owing to the frequent carelessness and neglect of hospital officials in sending returns to the regiment, and from other causes, errors may have crept in, which will not be wondered at, considering the numerous dates and other minutiae recorded. With all its faults, the author commends it to his comrades and to the friends of the regiment, with the hope that it may occasionally revive old associations, and keep alive old memories.

G. W P.

Boston, December, 18(55.

B*

Chapter I. Page

State of the country in the summer of 1862 — Call for six hundred thousand volunteers — The Thirty Eighth rendezvous at Lynnfield and West Cambridge— Visit of Cos. A, B, and F, to the City of Cambridge — Departure of the Regiment from the State — Passage through Philadelphia — Arrival at Baltimore — Camp Belger, I

CHAPTER H.

Leave Belger — Visit of Baltimore Ladies — Camp Cram — Religious Services

— Drills — Band — Marching Orders — Camp Emory — Return of Co. K to Regiment — Cold Weather — Departure from Emory — Take Transports — Fortress Monroe — Target-Shooting — Washing in Salt Creek, 15

CHAPTER HI.

Departure from Fortress Monroe — Sea- voyage — Arrival at Ship Island — Christmas Day — Embark for New Orleans — Up the Mississippi — Land at Carrollton — Camp Kearney — Col. Ingraham in command of Brigade — Plaquemine Expedition — Unpleasant Duty — Break Camp preparatory to taking the Field, 26

CHAPTER IV.

Baton Rouge — Review by General Banks — March on Port Hudson — Passage of the Batteries by Hartford and Albatross — Burning of the Mississippi — Return to Baton Rouge — Woodehopping — Embark for Algiers

— Easter Incident — Take Cars for Brashear — Berwick City, . . 49

CHAPTER V.

On the March again — Co. F Detached to guard Bridge — Centreville — Battle of Bisland — Pursuit of the Enemy — Franklin — District of the Teche — Neutral Flags — A Day's Rest — Fording a Bayou — Opelousas, 63

VIII CONTEXTS.

CHAPTER VI.

Camp at Opelousas — Cotton versus Potatoes — Fourth Wisconsin Cavalry

— Term '■ boys" not to be used in Third Brigade — Arrival of Grierson's Cavalry at Baton Rouge — The March resumed — Alexandria — Red River — Start for the Mississippi — Morganza, . • • .80

CHAPTER VII.

Cross the Mississippi — Bayou Sara — Storm — St. Francisville — Approack Port Hudson — Skirmish on the 25th of May — Negro Soldiers — Battle of May 27 —Death of Lieut.-Col. Rodman — The Ravines, . . -88

CHAPTER VHI. '

Relieved — March to Clinton — Great Heat — Deserting a Plantation — Return to Port Hudson — Assault on the 14th of June — Heavy Loss in the Thirty Eighth, 101

CHAPTER IX.

ifter the Battle — Great Mail — Burial of the Dead — Remove into the Ravines — Deserters — Fall of Vicksburg — Surrender of Port Hudson

— A Disappointment — Stores Plains — Night March to Baton Rouge — Embark for Donaldsville — Dress Parades — Six Months' Pay, . 112

CHAPTER X.

Back to Baton Rouge — The Highland Road — Camp Rodman — Bivouac on the Boulevards — A and K detailed for Provost Duty — Co. I sent to Plaquemine — Camp Banks — Picket Duty — Cold Weather — New Year's Ball — Visit of Mr. Wellington — Flag-Raising — Recruits, . . 119

CHAPTER XL

The Spring Campaign — Leave Baton Rouge — Port Hudson again — Fort de Russy — Red River Country — Alexandria — Departure of the Army for Shreveport — The Second Division left at Alexandria — Disaster — The Thirty Eighth embark on the Mittie Stephens — Guerilla Attack — Grand Ecore, 126

CHAPTER XII.

Grand Ecore — What caused the Repulse ? — Retreat through the Pine Woods — Battle of Cane River — Rear Guard — The Retreat continued — Arrival at Alexandria, . 13J;

CONTENTS. IX

CHAPTER Xm.

The Fleet in Danger — Red River Dammed — Foraging Expedition — Departure from Alexandria — Captured Mails — Battle of Mansura Plains — Scarcity of Water — On the Old Road — Reach the Atchafalaya — Engagement in the Rear, 143

CHAPTER XIV.

Cross the Atchafalaya — The Fleet and Army part Company — Morganza — Saw-mill Expedition — Up the River — Embark for Algiers — Serenade the Lieutenant-colonel — Good-by to Louisiana, .... 150

CHAPTER XV.

Arrival at Fortress Monroe — Washington — Georgetown Heights — Monocacy Junction — Up and down the Valley of the Shenandoah — Battle of Opequan Creek, 158

CHAPTER XVI.

The Pursuit — Congratulatory Order — Fisher's Hill — Gen. Emory — Mount Jackson — Mount Crawford — Cedar Creek — Build Breastworks — Surprise — Battle of Cedar Creek — Fall back to Kearnstown — Martinsburg

— Thanksgiving, .... 168

CHAPTER XVn.

Preparations for Winter — Log-huts — Break Camp — Winchester — Provost Duty — Baltimore — The Stables — Visit of Rev. Dr. Ware — Extracts from Letters, • . . . . 178

CHAPTER XVIII.

Departure from Baltimore — Arrival at Savannah — Desolation of the City

— Sherman begins his March through the Carolinas — Conflagration — Gen. Grover in Command of the Post — Music in the Park — Marching Orders, . . 190

CHAPTER XIX.

Hilton Head — Cape Fear River — Paroled Prisoners — Wilmington — Morehead City — Newbern — Back to Morehead — Fatigue Duty and Oysters

— An Alarm — Battle of Petersburg — All aboard for Goldsborough — Sherman's Army — Surrender of Lee — Assassination of the President

— S urrender of Johnston — Morehead again — Transport — Rubber Coffee— Savannah, 19*

■X CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XX.

Change in Savannah — Southern Ladies and Clergy — Portion of the Brigade go to Augusta — Habits of the Country People — Jeff. Davis — Cos. C and G go to Darieu — Arrival of First Division — Scarcity of Muster Rolls — Want of Transportation — Start for Home — Gallop's Island —

Reception in Cambridge, 209

IN MEMORIAM, 233

ROLL OF REGIMENT, ... 242

THE

Story of the Thirty Eighth.

CHAPTER I .

State of the country in the summer of 1S02— Call fur six hundred thousand volunteers — The Thirty Eiu'hth rendezvous at I.ynnficld and West Cambridge — YUit of Cos. A, B, and F. to the City of Cambridge — Departure of the Regiment from the State — Passage through Philadelphia — Arrival at Baltimore — Camp Belger.

HE Thirty Eighth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers was organized in the summer of 1802, under the call, issued on the 1st of July, for three hundred thousand men to serve for three years. For a better understanding of the circumstances under which it was raised, a brief glance will be taken at the state of the country, and the feeling of the great body of the people in regard to the war. From the very beginning of the struggle, it was felt that Virginia was to be the scene of the severest conflicts ; and, consequently, the movements of the Army of the Potomac had attracted a large share of public interest. That army, after a series of desperate battles, and an almost incredible amount of hardships, baffled in its attempts to capture the rebel capital, was recruiting its strength at Harrison's Landing. The Union arms had been successful at various points in the West ; but the batteries of Yicksburg and of Port Hudson still kept the Mississippi sealed to the passage of national vessels. Charleston and Savannah and Mobile boastingly bade defiance to the combined efforts of army and navy ; and the blockade-runners stole in and out between the ports of the Atlantic seaboard and foreign parts, supplying the enemy with the materials of war, — some of them performing their voyages with almost the regularity of packets. The Confederacy, notwithstanding its severe losses, elated at having checked a movement from which the North had anticipated so much, and their whole available resources, both of wealth and population, wielded by a few bold, determined leaders, looked confidently forward to the final success of their arms. Foreign powers talked of the Union as a thing of the past ; and even in the North, there were not wanting those, who, by word and deed, gave countenance to the foes of the country, and discouraged every loyal effort.

NEW CALL FOR VOLUNTEERS. 6

But neither defeat, mismanagement, foreign jealousy, nor domestic treason, caused the President to swerve from his determination to restore the supremacy of the government over the whole country. Availing himself of the power granted him by the Constitution and by Congress, he had called three hundred thousand volunteers into the field for three years ; and, while each State was using all its energies in raising its quota, a new call was issued on the 4th of August for three hundred thousand volunteers for nine months. In Massachusetts, it seemed at first impossible to raise this additional force without resorting to a draft. But the towns vied with each other in filling their quotas. Public meetings were held ; processions, with banners, and bands of music, paraded the streets ; patriotic songs were sung in the churches, and stirring appeals made from the pulpit ; and liberal promises were made to care for friends left behind.

The young men of Massachusetts responded promptly to the calls upon their patriotism. Leaving their counting-rooms, workshops, and studies, — with professions and trades half -learned, and business prospects broken up, — they went into the ranks, to undergo the hardships of a soldier's life,

4 THE STORY OF THK THIRTY EIGHTH.

and submit themselves to an unaccustomed and often irksome discipline.

Before the end of the year, Massachusetts had put twenty-one new regiments of infantry and several batteries into the field, beside sending a large number of recruits into all the old organizations. Among these regiments was the Thirty Eighth. Without claiming undue merit for the motives or the deeds of the members of this regiment, or exalting them at the expense of other troops, it may be said that few of them enlisted without making pecuniary sacrifices to a greater or less extent ; and the local bounty of a hundred dollars did little more than provide them a comfortable outfit, and purchase the numerous articles then considered necessary for a soldier's comfort.

The men composing the Thirty Eighth were gathered from various towns and counties ; and the majority of them were brought together for the first time upon their arrival at camp. Seven of the companies rendezvoused at Camp Stanton, Lynnfield, and three (Cambridge companies) at Camp Day, in North Cambridge. Owing to this division of the regiment, a little confusion existed at first in regard to the letters by which the several companies should be designated ; but

ORGANIZATION. 5

this matter was amicably settled upon the arrival or the regiment at Baltimore ; and, in speaking of the companies in this sketch, the letters by which they were finally known will be used entirely.

Co. A was raised in Cambridgeport ; Co. B, principally in East Cambridge ; Co. C, in Abington ; Co. D, in various towns in Plymouth County ; Co. E, in Lynn ; Co. P, in Cambridgeport ; Co. G, in various parts of Plymouth County ; Co. H, in New Bedford and Falmouth ; Co. I, in Milton, Dedham, Medway, "Wrenthani, and other places ; and Co. K represented as many as fifteen cities and towns. In nearly all the companies there were men who belonged in places not mentioned here, as will be seen by the roster appended to this sketch. Although the regiment was thus collected from various localities, harmony always prevailed. Common dangers, common sufferings, and common triumphs, drew the members more closely together as the numbers decreased ; and, when the final disbandment came, all separated with the most friendly feelings.

As soon as the various town quotas were filled, they were sent into camp, and organized into companies and regiments.

The recruits for the Thirty Eighth were under 1*

D THE STORY OF THE TIIIKTY EIOHTn.

the command of Major D. K. Ward-well, who was commissioned lieutenant-colonel before leaving the State, and -who enjoyed a high reputation for courage and practical military knowledge. Col. Ingraham, holding a commission at the time as lieutenant-colonel of the Eighteenth Massachusetts, had been commissioned for the Thirty Ninth ; but was afterwards transferred to the Thirty Eighth. Upon the promotion of Major Ward well, Capt. William L. Rodman, of Co. H, was commissioned to fill the vacancy. During the stay of the regiment at Lynnfield, many of the men were absent on furloughs, and new recruits were being constantly added, so that little progress was made in drill.

While the seven companies were thus occupied at Lynnfield, Cos. A, B, and F were being introduced to military life at Camp Day, in North Cambridge. The camp at that time was crowded with recruits for the various regiments and batteries in the field ; and as the accommodations were limited, the men of the Thirty Eighth were furloughed nearly every night, reporting at sunrise in the morning.

Monday, Aug. 18, by invitation of the citizens of Cambridge, the volunteers visited that city. During the afternoon, many of the places of business

UNIFORMS ISSUED. 7

were closed, flags were hoisted, and a procession, composed of delegates from the military and fire departments, the Cambridge and Irving Literary Associations, the printing-offices, and police, accompanied by the city government and a numerous concourse of citizens, escorted the volunteers through the principal streets of East Cambridge and Cambridgeport to the City Hall, where an address was delivered by the mayor ; and from thence to Williams Hall, where a fine collation was served.

It had been expected that Cos. A, B, and F would join the regiment at Lynnfield, before leaving the State, and orders were daily looked for to that effect. But another course was pursued by the military authorities. The companies at Lynnfield were mustered into the United States service on the 21st, at that place. On the 22d, Capt. McLaughlin mustered in the Cambridge companies at Camp Day.

When the army clothing was drawn, many amusing scenes took place. Xo. 1 men drew No. 4 clothing, and vice versa. If a small man complained of an undue proportion of cloth in his coat, he was pleasantly assured by the issuing officer that it would shrink. Did a stout boy feel a pinching in the arms, — it would soon stretch

8 THE STORY OF THE THIKTY EIGHTH.

According to the style then prevalent, the new volunteers had cut their hair very short, showing the phrenological developments distinctly ; and when encased in army blue, their own mothers barely recognized them. Previously to their departure from Camp Day, the mothers, sisters, and friends of the volunteers visited the camp, armed with needles, thread, and scissors ; and the dropped stitches were taken up, shaky buttons made firm, pockets inserted, and blankets bound. Each man was then furnished with a housewife, and all future repairing turned over to his clumsy fingers, probably with many misgivings.

The seven companies were furnished with arms and equipments at Lynnfield ; and, during the forenoon of the 26th of August, the regimental line was formed,- Lieut.-Col. Wardwell in command. The day was a hot one ; and, as the men had not yet acquired the art of packing knapsacks and wearing equipments to the best advantage, many of them were prostrated by the heat. They were transported in the cars to Boston, and marched across tbe city to the Worcester depot, where a special train was in readiness to take them. Cos. A, B, and P, not making their appearance at the appointed time, this portion of the regi-

DEFARTURE FROM THE STATE. 9

ment embarked at once, and proceeded on their way.

In the meantime, Camp Day was all alive. The dinner was on the fire, when the orders to march were received. Hastily packing knapsacks, the three companies were soon in line. The citizens of Cambridge had provided horse-cars to convey them to Boston ; but, in the first flush of military spirit, they voted to march. The knapsacks, filled to overflowing with innumerable articles then considered essential to a soldier's wellbeing, bore heavily on the backs of the new recruits ; and without arms and equipments, and not fully uniformed, the column had not a very military aspect as it marched down Main Street. Dusty and tired, "the halt in Cambridgeport was a welcome one ; and justice was done to the collation provided by the city.

Bidding the last good-bys, and followed by the good wishes of relatives and friends, the three companies continued their march. Upon arriving in Boston, it was found that Lieut.-Col. Wardwell had already started ; but, after a short delay, another train was made up, and the regiment overtaken at New London. Quarters were provided on the cabin floors of the steamer, and the blankets spread for the first time. The fatigue and excitement of the day brought a good night's rest, and every one awoke in the morning refreshed ; the decks being soon covered with men, enjoying the scenery of the river, as the steamer approached New York ; while, from the cottages along the banks, loyal women waved a patriotic God-speed to the volunteers.

Passing by New York, the regiment landed at Jersey City ; and there being a scarcity of transportation, a portion of the regiment did not get away until afternoon. The companies from Camp Day had received no rations before leaving; and the crowd of hucksters, with which the place swarmed, reaped a rich harvest. Mr. J. C. Wellington, of Cambridge, came on with the regiment, and one company was indebted to him for a bountiful supply of hot coffee, — the first of a series of kindnesses conferred upon that company and the regiment, when in garrison and field, which made his presence always a welcome one.

While waiting at Jersey City, the famous Sixty Ninth New York arrived at the depot, on their return from their second term of service. These real soldiers, who had actually been in battle, were looked upon with much interest by the untried

RIDE THROUGH NEW JERSEY. 11

volunteers who were on their way to the scene of action, and the contrast between the appearance of the two sets of knapsacks was a suggestive one. Taking the train vacated by the Sixty Ninth, the rear of the regiment was soon riding on after the advance. All through New Jersey, people on the roadside and in the fields cheered, while flags and handkerchiefs were waved from the houses. The men were in excellent spirits, and enlivened the journey with songs and mirth. Getting passing glimpses of Newark, Burlington, Princeton, Trenton, and other historic cities, now invested with renewed interest, and being liberally supplied with water whenever the train stopped long enough, the regiment rode through New Jersey, arriving at Camden about eight in the evening. Crossing the ferry, they were taken to the Cooper Shop Refreshment Saloon, where they partook of a bountiful collation, and were then conducted to a long row of wash-basins provided for the purpose. After the hot and dusty ride, the ablution was peculiarly refreshing, and was greatly enjoyed. Again forming in line, the regiment marched across the city to the Baltimore depot.

Although the passing of troops was now a daily occurrence, the enthusiasm of the people did not abate. Ladies waved their handkerchiefs from the windows, and even grasped the hands of the passing soldiers from the doorsteps, while men crowded the sidewalks, and heartily cheered. This enthusiastic greeting will long be remembered by the survivors of that column ; for it was far more cordial and earnest than the welcome given them in the capital of their own State, when after three years' toil and battle, with thinned ranks, but with an unstained record, they again marched through the streets of Boston. Notwithstanding the great number of troops that had passed through Philadelphia that summer, the hospitality of the city never wearied. No regiment was allowed to pass 1111- cared for ; and when returning wounded and sick from the front, singly or in groups, the same kind feelings were manifested, and the warm-hearted ladies with their own hands administered the delicacies their generosity had provided. Other Northern cities cared well for the passing volunteers ; but none equalled Philadelphia, whose efforts were continued as well in seasons of defeat and gloom as in those of victory and triumph.

Taking the cars after midnight, the regiment arrived at Baltimore about ten o'clock, the next day, and marched over nearly the same route taken by

CAMP BELGEE. 13

the Massachusetts Sixth, on the 19th of April, 1861. No noisy mob appeared to dispute the passage up Pratt Street ; but the sullen, averted looks of the majority of the people on the sidewalks betokened no love for the Union. A substantial dinner was furnished the regiment at the Union Relief Rooms (for Baltimore had Unionists, whose devotion to the country was as intense as was their hatred to Secession) ; and it was then learned, that, instead of going to Washington, and thence on to Virginia, the regiment was to occupy a camp in the vicinity of Baltimore, about to be vacated by the Thirty Seventh Xew York, whose term of service had expired. A march of a few miles led to the camping-ground,— a pretty place, in a grove of trees, formerly known as Druid Hill Park, then called Camp Belger. There were good facilities for bathing near the camp ; while the shade -trees furnished cool retreats when off drill. On the 30th, the guns and equipments for Cos. A, B, and F were received and distributed ; and the day was spent in fitting them.

On the 3d of September, Col. Ingraham arrived to take command of the regiment. The greater portion of the time was now occupied in drilling. Col. Ingraham and Lieut.-Col. Wardwell were both thoroughly versed in military tactics ; and the company-officers seconded their efforts in endeavoring to bring the regiment up to a high standard, in the manual of arms and in marching. Adjutant Loring kept a sharp look-out for the -whereabouts of every button, and the polish of every shoe, on parade ; and the surgeons enforced a strict attention to the rules of health and cleanliness in the quarters, and about the camp-ground. Thus the regiment was fairly started on its military career. What this training resulted in may perhaps be gathered from the following pages.

On the 5th of September, Co. K was detailed to guard Stuart's hospital ; and, as it marched out of the camp, its appearance showed the improvement that had already taken place in military bearing. Sept. 7, Mr. Stacy Read, arrived in the camp with parcels for the Cambridge companies, showing that the folks at home had not yet forgotten the absent ones ; and as Mr. Read had manifested great interest in Co. P, that company, by unanimous vote, adopted the name of " Read Guard."

Chapter II

Leave Belger — Visit of Baltimore Ladies — Camp Cram — Religious Services — Drills — Baud — Marching Orders — Camp Emory — Return of Co. K to Regiment — Cold Weather — Departure from Emory — Take Transports — Fortress Monroe — Target Shooting — Washing in Salt Creek.

,f

,^^^|X the 8tli of September, orders came for the regiment to pack up, and be ready to march on the following morning. Rations were cooked, ammunition dealt out, and the tents struck and packed, Co. P remaining behind to guard the camp. Owing to a mistake of the guide, the regiment marched a number of miles out of its way, causing unnecessary fatigue.

Co. F marched up the next day. Before leaving Camp Belger, this company was visited by some Union ladies from Baltimore, who regaled them with roast meat, peaches, tomatoes, and biscuits.

The new camp, called Camp Cram, was about seven miles from Baltimore, near the village of Powhattan, and in a position to guard the Liberty turnpike. The rebels were then threatening Maryland with a large force ; and strict orders were issued regarding vigilance on guard and picket, and the importance of keeping a sharp look-out for spies. One day, a vigilant sentinel seized a suspicious-looking personage, and brought him to the officer of the guard. He proved to he a Baltimore clergyman, and preached to the regiment the following Sunday.

The tents were pitched on a rising ground, shaded by large trees. In front of the camp, the ground sloped down to the Powhattan Creek ; and the battalion drills up and down this declivity developed the muscles of the men, who were then little aware of the need they should have of good, stout limbs to carry them through the pine woods of Louisiana.

The regiment having no chaplain, religious services were performed on the Sabbath by Col. Ingraham, according to the Episcopal usage ; and social religious meetings were conducted by Private Mudge, of Co. B. The Sabbath services were attended by citizens from the surrounding country, and they usually stopped to see the parade. Some of the companies had not been furnished with uniform pants in Massachusetts, and as it was a good while before any could be procured, it may be imagined that these necessary articles of apparel

FORMATION OF A BAND. 17

began to show signs of wear, and it required some manoeuvring on the part of line officers to get presentable men in the front rank. Any other view of the regiment on one of these parades might not have added to its reputation. When the new pants arrived, they were received with a round of cheers.

A thorough system of drills began at Camp Cram, — squad, company, battalion, and skirmish ; and, at the close of those warm October days, the arbitrary " taps " fell on willing ears. The skirmish drills were conducted by Lieut.-Col. "Wardwell, and were a relief to the monotony of the battalion and company drill.

The subject of a band had been agitated in the regiment from the time of their first going into camp ; and measures had been taken to procure instruments. They were received during the last week in September, and the band made their first appearance on parade, Saturday, Sept. 27 This attraction drew an increased number of visitors from the surrounding country, especially on the Sabbath ; and the camp was enlivened by the presence of country dames, in their holiday attire, who, during the week, had done a thriving business in selling pies and apple-butter to the soldiers. Co