The History and Topography of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland, comprising their ancient and modern history, a general view of their physical character, trade, commerce, etc

Preface

. In the present Work the object of the Publishers has been to supply to the people of Cumberland and Westmoreland a complete and modern history of the two Counties. The only histories of Cumberland and Westmoreland which enjoyed any degree of reputation are those of Nicolson and Burn, and Hutchinson — a reputation by no means undeserved: but they are now old books; a long chapter of the manorial history has passed over since they were published ; many things are changed, and many are changing; hence the want of a New History of Cumberland and Westmoreland, and the present attempt to supply that want. The introductory portion of the Work consists of a General History of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland, from the earliest period, by Thomas Wright, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., one of the most distinguished archæologists of our age and country, author of "The Celt, the Roman, and the Saxon," and numerous other works.

In the composition of this part of the volume, Mr. Wright has endeavoured to treat the History and Antiquities of the two Counties in such a manner as to show what light the discoveries of the archæologist can throw upon the condition of this part of England, during centuries which present little more than a blank in our ordinary annals. This is followed by an article on the Geology of Cumberland and Westmoreland, with particular reference to the District of the English Lakes, from the pen of the Rev. J. G. Cumming, M.A., F.G.S., Professor of Geology in the Queen's College, Birmingham. From Mr. Cumming's repeated surveys of these districts, and his intimate knowledge of their various strata, he has been able to make many interesting additions to this department of science, and the publishers have no doubt that the Work, with its accompanying Geological Map, will contain a more accurate account of the Geology of the two Counties than any that has as yet issued from the press.

The eminent authoress, Harriet Martineau, has also contributed an article on the Lake District, which gives an interesting description of the past and present state of that " Switzerland in Miniature," its folk-lore, customs, and superstitions. vi. PREFACE, The Topography embraces a full account, under thenrespective Wards, of the City and Diocese of Carlisle, and all the baronies, manors, boroughs, towns, ports, parishes, chapelries, townships, villages, and hamlets, in the two Counties, clearly showing their boundaries, area, rateable value, population, landowners, seats and pedigrees of the families of the nobility and gentry, succession of incumbents, nature and value of church livings, tithes and their commutation, description of churches, chapels, and public buildings, endowed and other schools, hospitals, charities, benevolent, literary, and scientific institutions, poor-law unions, courts of law, manufactures, markets and fairs, and a variety of statistical and other information, extracted from MSS. in the British Museum, Parliamentary documents, and other authentic sources.

Generally speaking, in the manorial history, the Author has taken Nicolson and Burn's account as the foundation of his own, correcting their statements, and continuing the history, whenever his own researches, and the kindness of the literary and official gentlemen of the two Counties have enabled him to do so. Many new features have been introduced in the Work, which it is hoped is unique of its kind. Attention is also called to its arrangement, which will, in a very great degree, facilitate reference, and thus increase its usefulness. With all the care which can be given to the subject, it is next to impossible that such a Work can be without errors ; and the fact, that things are always changing, will explain why, before the book was finished, many things had ceased to be as they were when it began.

The Publishers have always solicited from their Subscribers, who were constantly on the spot, the favour of a correction of such errors; and by the aid thus rendered, with what they themselves have been able to collect, they have endeavoured, as far as they could, to supply all such deficiencies by a brief Appendix, In conclusion, the Publishers beg leave to express their best thanks to the nobility, gentry, and clergy, and their numerous subscribers generally, for the munificient manner in which they have patronised the Work, and the valuable assistance they have rendered during its preparation. The aid, thus kindly given, has been of the greatest importance, and will, there is little doubt tend to give the Work a standard character, and make it an authority upon everything connected with the History, Antiquities, and Topography of the two Counties.

Pontefeact, February, 1860. INDEX OP PLACES. Page Branthwaite 224. Branthwaite 353. Breckonhill 627. Bremetonacæ (Overborough) 2. Bremetenracum 3, 5. Bretherdale 764. Bridekirk 285. Bridge End 867. Bridge Bow 835. Brierthwaite,orTarnhouse, Forest 670. Brigham 295. Brigsteer 835. Brisco 186. Broadgate 409. Brough 728. Brough Sowerby 733. Brough Hill 771. Brougham 784. Broughton, Great 2S6. Broughton, Little 287. Brown Top 250. Brownrigg 224. Brovonacæ 2, 3. Brocklebank 267. Brockenthwaite 268. Brocavium 2, 784. Bromfield 210. Brough Head I£j3. Broughton 56\ Brownelson 161. \ Brunstock 158. Brundholme 328. Buckhowbank 161. Burgh-upon-Sands 152. Burnthwaite,High & Low, 185. Burneside 871. Burrow Crail, or Barwick Bails 407. Burrell Green 622. Burrells 720. Burton 772. Burton-in- Kendal 882. Burtholme 685.

Bustabeck Bound 520. Buttermere 311. Butterwick 778. Calder 425. Calder Bridge 458. Caldbeck 221. Page Black Dyke 243. Blaithwaite (High & Low) 281. Bleatam 771. Blencarn 566. Blencogo 214. Blencow, Great 528. Blencow, Little 545. Blennerhasset & Kirkland 257. Blindbothel 297. Blindcrake, Isell, and Bedmain 362. Blitterlees 243. Bolton 209. Bolton .-■ 390. Bolton 804. Bolton Gate 209. Bolton Highside 209. Bolton High 391. Bolton Lowside 210. Bolton Low 391. Bongate 721. Bootle Watid 484. Bootle 485. Boot 436. Boredale 784. Boroughbridge 88. Borrans 866. Borrowdale 348. Borrowdale 766. Borrowdale 348. Botchergate 143. Botcberby 186. Bothel and Threapland . . 257. Bousfield 764. Bowerbank 779. Bowerdale 768. Bowstead Hill 156. Bowscale 547. Bowes 220. Bowness 149. Bowness 875. Bow 178. Brackenthwaite 672.

Bradley 585. Bradley Field 873. Brampton 757. Brampton 647. Brayton 206. Brackenthwaite 313. Braithwaite 1 44. Braithwaite Little 351. Page Aballba 2, 5. Abbey Field 672. Abbey Town 230. Ackenthwaite 831. Addinsham 500. Aglionby 188. Aikbank 281. Aikesgate 558. Aikhead 280. Aikton 198. Aiustable 504. Aldingham 44. Aliona 3,5. Allerby 208. Allerdale-above - Deewest Ward 370. AlLERDALE - BELOW - DEBwekt Ward 198. Allhallows 202. AUonby 219. Alone 2, 3. Alston Alston Town 513. Ambleside 877. Ambleside-above-Stock . . 824. Amboglanna 689. Annaside 499. Anthorn 151. Apiatorium , fi30. Appleby... 713. Applethwnite °°<>- Applethwaite 879. Ara, or Aira 55. Arbeia *■ Arkleby 365. Arlecdon J™- Armathwaite 504. Armathwaite 558. Arthuret Asby New *"8. Asby Winderwath 724. Ashbv Coatsforth 726. Asbby, Little 727.

Askerton »;»°- Askham 774. Aspatria ™j>- AugillKow 736. Aughertree AfJ" Austhwaite 407. Axelodunum 3,5. Page Buggery 203. Bailey 615. BalJwin Holme 176. Bamborough 12. Bampton 770. Bampton, Little 171. Bampton, Great 173. Banna 3. Barbon 890. Barclose 092. Barnscar 494. Barrow IB. Barrock 560. Barton 778. Barton Church 779. Barugh 281. Bascadyk6 508. Bassenthwaite 283. Batele 104. Beathwaite Green 835. Beaumont 118. Beckermet 7, 8. Beckermet, St. Bridget . . 458. Beckemet, St. John 402. Beckfoot, High and Low. . 890. Beckfoot 236. Beckfoot 859. Beckside 893. Beckside 867. Beckside 768. Beckhouse 312. Bees, St 425. BellbaDk 646. Bellbank 694. Berwick-on-Tweed IS, 90. Berrier and Murrah 544. Betbam 816. Bewcastle 629. Bewaldeth and Snittlegarth, 256. Biglands and Gamblesby.. 20]. Birdoswald 2, 3, 682.

Birdoswald 689. Birkbeck Fells 766. Birkby 318. Birkby 494. Birker and Austhwaite . . 407 Birks 772. Birkbeck Fells 793. Blackball 93, 04. Blaekwell, High 185. Blackwell, Low 186. 'j INDEX. II Page Caldbeck, High 224. Caldbeck, Low 221. Calthwaite 560. Caldbeck Haltcliff 224. Caldecote 144. Calgarth 878. Calvo 243. Caldewgate 145. Cambeck Fort 2, 695. Camertfcn 315. Capella, Johnde(JIanor of) 159. Cargo 181. Cardurnock 151. Carlatton 670. Cardew 162. Carlisle — Historical, 83; Cathedral, 98; Annals of the Bishops, 101 ; See of Carlisle, 114; Friars, 115; Ancient Religious Houses, 120 ; Public Schools, 124; Religious, <fcc, Societies, 125 ; Charitable Institutions, 126 ; Public Buildings, &c, 128 ; Literary and Scientific Institutions, Newspapers, <fcc, 130 ; Courts of Law, 132 ; Banks, Markets, Fairs, <fcc, 132 ; Railways, Gas, Water Works, Ac., 133 ; Corporation, 134 ; Bridges, 133; Members of Parliament, 130; Poor law Union, 138; Antiquities, 139; Charities, 141 ; Eminent Men, 141 ; Amusements, 141 ; Customs, &c, 141.

Cardew Lees 162. Cartmel 42. Carleton 617. Carleton 378. Carleton 186. Carlatton 670. Carthwaite, East 268. Carthwaite, West 268. ' Castlestead 22. Castleton 3. Castleton 434. Castle Carrock 671. Castle Sowerby 017. Castlehead 47. Casterton 891. Castlerigg 339. Castlethwaita 7 50. Castle How 434. Catlowdy 083. Catterleu 582. Causeway Head 243. Celleron 779. Chapel 284. Chapel Houses 867. Chapel Sucken 408. Chester 95. Christ Church, Carlisle, perish of 143. Churcbhill 266. Clawthorpe 884. Cleabarrow 877. Clea Green 268. « City," The 348. Cleator 372. Cliburn 789. Page Clifton, Great 479. Clifton, Little 481. Clifton 791. Clifton, Great and Little. . 479. Cloffocks 479. I Close Houses 758. Coatflatt 705. Coatgill 765. Coathill 195. Coccium (Ribchester) 2. Cockermouth 299. '. Coledale, or Portinscale . . 350.

Coldbeck 708. Colby 720. Congavata 3, 5. Corby, Great 192. Corby, Little 196, 678. Corney 487. Coupland Beck 773. Coulderton 432. Cowper 236. Craggs 268. Cray 880. Crackentborpe 722. Croglin 521. Croglin, Little 574. Crookdake 213. Cross Canonby 317. Crosby-upon-Eden 157. Crosby 318. Croft End 178. Crofton 252. Cross 178. Crossfield 374. Crosslacon 372. Crosthwaite 328. Crosthwnite, Great 339. Crosthwaite and Lyth .... 831. Crossbank 768. Crosscrake 836. Crooklands 830. Crook 858. Crooked Holme 052. Crosby Raven sworth .... 792. Crosby Garret 737. Culgaitb 508. Cummersdale 145. Cumwhinton and Coathill 195. Cumwbitton 673. Cumrew 672. : Cumdevock 162. Cumberland Ward 83. Cumberland — Situation, Boundaries, Extent, Divisions, <fec, 57 ; Surface, 58 ; Rivers, 59 ; Lakes, Tarns, &c, 61 j Road, Turnpike Trusts, and Bridges, 61; Railways, 63; Climate, Soil, Agriculture, &c, 66; Government of the County, &c, 07; County Constabulary, 70; Parliamentary Representation, 72 ; Trade, Commerce, etc, 74; Botany, 7'J; Charities, 82.

Dacre 523. Dale 508. Dalton 884. Dalston, 159. Deanscales 354. . Dean 352. Pago Dearham 354, Deepthwaite 83 1. Deuton, Nether 674. Denton, Upper 675. Derwent Ward 283. Derby 94. Dillicar 859. j Distington 370. Docker 859. Dockwray 551 . Dockray 2S0. ' Dovenby 287. j Dovengill 768. Downhall 201. Drawdjices 183. Drigg 377. Drumburgh 151. Drunleaning 201 . Drybeck 720. I Dufton 738. I Dundraw 215. \ Dungeon Gh.\ll Force .... 52. Dunmaile Raise. .39,40, 51, 52. I Dumfries 87. Durdar 185. D}kes6eld 157. j Eaglesfield 207. ' Eaglesfield Abbey 144.' Eamont Bridge 617, 780. Easby 651. Easton, or Eston 627. | East Ward 713. Eastwoodside 208. East Cote 243. Easton 152. Easedale 52. Edenhall 532. Egdale 808. Egremont 378. Ellen borough 2, 356. Ellergill 706. Elterwater 825. Embleton 311. Endmoor 836.

Ennerdale ».. 433. Eskdale Ward 025. Esk Meals 487. Esk 19. Eskdale 434. Eskrigg 280. Etterby 181. Evening Hill 252. Ewebank 869. Falkirk 86. Farlam 675. Faugh and Fenton 678. Fawcett Forest 869. Fellside 585. Fellside 835. Ftl'side 893. Fellside 224. Fewsdale 784. Firbank 892. Finglnnd 152. Flat 174. Flimby 368. Floating Island 47. Floriston 178. Floshes 186. Force Cottages 835. Foresterfold 266. Foulbridge 148. Foulshaw 822. Frisington, High and Low.. 371. Pago Gabrosentum, or Tunnocelum 3, 5, 149. Gaitsgill 760. Galacum 2. Galava 2, 3. Gale 578. Gainblesby (see Biglands and Gamblesby) 502. Garistown 17*!. Garth Row 857. Garrigill 515. Gatebeck 886. Gatesgill 167. Gatehouse Green 436. Gateside 868. Geltsdale Forest 671. Giants' Caves 018. Gilcrux 359. Gilsland 690. Gill 162. Gill 550. Gilgarran 37fi.

Gilshaughlin 790. Gilts 793. Glanoventa 2, 3, 5. Glannibanta. . . ., 5. Glassonby 500. Glasson 152. Glencoin 39. Goat 293. Goose Green 886. Gosforth 389. Grange 349. Grasmere 823. Grayrigg 858. Great Salkeld 620. Great Corby and Warwick Bridge 192. Greta Wills and Briery Cottages 352. Green Row 243. Greenside 768. Greenholme 766. Greenhead 809. Greenrigg 224. Green Trees 297. Greystoke 538. Greysouthen 298. Grinsdale 168. Gullom Holme 755. Gutterby 499. Hackthorpe 799. Hall 761. HaU Foss 497. Hall Thwaites 409. Hallbeck 893. Hallbank Gate 677. Hale 390. Hanging Land 750. Hardendale 809. Harrington 393. Harraby [gy Harby Brow 202. Harker 17g Hartrigg 'JJ o40; Hardngg 19_ Har'sop j2. Hartsop and Patterdalc . ' 7fjl' Hartley 740 Haresceugh, or Harescow 573. Haverbrack 82q Hawes 004 Hawkesdale jg2* Hayton and Melay . . . ... ' 206^ Hayton JU7' Heights ...7.7.7.7 268!

INDEX. III Helsington 800. Helton 770. Hensingham 437. Henderby 187. Heron Syke 884. Hesket-in-the-Forest 556. Hesket Newmarket 225. Hesket 225. Hesket, Upper and Nether 556. Hesket, High 556. Hesket, Nether 558. Hetbergill 685. Hevershaui 829. Hewthwaite 19. High Biggins 889. High Fold 880. High Street 3, 40, 81. High Crosby 108. High Green 880. High Head 166. High Hill 339. High Scales 7(i6. Higher Scales 745. Hilton 723. Hilbeck 733. Hincaster 833. Hoff 720. Holborn Hill 407. Holme and Holmescales . . 8S5. Holme Low 238. Holme East Wa\er 236. Holme St. Cuthberfs 235. Holy Trinity, Carlisle, Ecclesiastical District 145. Holme-Cultram 228. Holme Erlen 190. Holme Head 118, 146. Homrook 398. Holme Abbey . . * 229. Hornby 674. Houghton 183. Howrigg 218. Howrigg 268. Howbeck 225. Howbound 518.

How 858. How Hill 518. Howgraves 784. Howton 784. Hudscales 224. Hugill 802. Huntingdon 13. Hunsonby and Winskill . . 503. Hutton John 547. Hutton Roof 549. Hutton Soil 549. Hutton-in-the-Forest 562. Hutton Roof 892. Uekirk 266. Ings 803. Ireby 244. Irebv, Low 214. Ireby, High 245. Irming-street 4. Irton 395. Irthington 079. Isca (Carleon) 5. Isell 302. Isell Old Park 304. Itonfield 560. Ivegill, or High Head .. 100. Johnby 550. Kaber 740. Keartswick 889. Keekle Low 437. Page Kelso 81. Kelswick 216. Kelton 401. Kelleth 765. Kendal 838. Kentmere 863. Kendal Baronvt 811. Kl.ndal Ward 816. Keswick 339. Killington 893. Killington Hall 897. Kinniside 434. Kingwater 088. King's Meaburn 802. Kirby Lonsdale 887. Kirby Thore 752. Kirkby Stephen 741. Kirksteads 171. Kirk Cambeck 87. Kirkoswald 570. Kirk-Andrews-upon-Esk. . 681.

Kirk-Andrews-upon-Eden. 170. Kirbampton 172. Kirkbride 247. Kirklinton 683. Kirkoswald 570. Kingmoor 169. Kirkland 257. Kirkland 402. Kirkland 556. Kirkland 856. Kirkland and Blencarn . . 566. Kirkhouse 677. Kirkland 85. Knipe (High and Low) . . 778. Knock 757. Lady Hall 409. Lamplugh , 399. Lambrigg 860. Lancaster 20, 95. Lanercost 685. Langand's Head 248. Langwatbby 574. Langrigg and Mealrigg . . 210. Lavatræ 2. Lawrence Holme 280. Leatbes 201. Legberthwaite 40. Levington 105. Levins 19. Liddell (Barony) 19. Lincoln 11. Lindeth 877. Lindisfarne 6. Linstock 182. Lingley Close Head 161. Little Town 350. Lodore (Fall of) 48. London 101. Long Burgh 156. Longcroft 151. Longlands 262. Longrigg 174. Lonsdale Ward 882. Lord's Island 47. Lorton 312. Lorton, High and Low ... 313. Low Biggins 889. Low Dalston 144.

Low Crosby 158. Lowmill 432. Lownthwaite (High and Low) 282. Loweswater 367. Laithes 624. Lamouby 624. Page Langton , 722. Langdale 765. Langdale 824. Laversdale 680. Lazonby 575. Leath Ward 500. Leasgill 831. Levens 633. Levington Barony 683. Lineside 627. Lockholme 768. Longmarton 750. Longpark 692. Longdales 508. Long Sleddale 864. Longtown (ttG. Lowside Quarter 432. Lowther 795. Lowwood 228. Luguballium 2,0. Lund 402. Lupton 889. Magna (Carvoran) 3. Maiden Way 3. Mais 3. Maley (see Langrigg and Mallerstang 749. Mancunium (Manchester) 2. Man, Isle of 20. Mansergh 894. Mardale 809. Martindale 783. Maryport 319. Marston Moor 19, 50. Market Gate 565. Matson Grand 677. Matterdale 550. Matterdale End 551. Maughauby 502. Mauld's Meaburn 794. Mawbray, or Malbrey 236. Maley). Mealbank 866. Meal House 252.

Mealrigg 216. Measand 778. Meathop and Upba 822. Melmerby 578. Melkinthorpe 799. Micklethwaite 254. Middleton 895. Middleton Head 895. Middleton 432. Middle Quarter 682. Middleton Place 488. Middle Quarter 685. Middleshaw 867. Middlesceugh and Braithwaite 144, 167. Milburne 754. Milburne Grange 755. Milnthorpe 831. Milton 077. Millbeck 339. Millness 886. Millom Above 407. ■ Millom 402. Millom Below 406. Moat 682. Mockerkin and Sosgill ... 367. Mootbwaite 282. Moorhouse 157. Moor End 252. Moor Row 216. Moorthwaite 674. Monk Force 497. Page Monk Hill 148. Monkhouse Hill 250. Morland 799. Moresby 413. . Morbium 2. 'Mosdale, or Mosedale .... 810. Mosedale 225. Mosser 315. Mosser, High 315. Mosser, Low 315. Motherbv and Gill 050. MousgiURow 736. Mumps Hall 675. Muncaster, or Mulcaster. . 488. Mungrisdale 551.

Murrah 544. Murton 402. Murton (West) 723. Murthwaite 768. Musgrave, Great 758. Musgrave, Littte 738. Nateby 745. Natland 865. Naworth 652. Naworth 652. Nenthead 017. Kether 683. Nether Row 224. Nethergraveship 856. Netherby 627. Nether Graveship 856. Nether Wasdale 439. Netherhall 19. Nethertown 452. New Hutton 866. Newlands 349. Newton Arlosh 236. New Mawbray 236. Neville's Cross 17. New Asby 371. New Sandsfield 148. Newbiggin 495. Newbiggin 522. Newbiggin 495. Newton Reigny 580. Newbiggin 893. Newbiggin ; 759. Newby 681. Newby 802. Newbiggin 768. Newtoren 681. Newton Arlosh 11. Newland 210. Newlands 250. Newtown, or Town End . . 499. Newby 146. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 12, 17, 19, 20, 21, 108. Nichol Forest 683. Nixons 646. Nook 886. Northsceugh-with-Moorthwaite 673. Nostell 104. Nunclose 558. ' Nunnery 505.

Oddendale 793. Old Carlisle 266. Old Hutton and Holmescales 867. Old Penrith 2. Old Wall 681. Old Scales 315. Old Town 560. Old Town 894. INDEX, IV Page Rose 163. Rosgill 809. Rosset Ghyll 52. Rosley 268. .Rottington 432. Roughill 778. Rounthwaite 767. Row 585. Rowrah 402. Row Bound 520. Rowell 831. Roxburghshire 3. Ruckcroft 508. Rutupiæ (Richborough) . . 5. Ruthwell 8. Ruthwate 246. Rydal and Lougbrigg .... 825. Salter and Eskatt 463. Salkeld, Little 503. Salkeld, Great 620. Salkeld Gate 577. Salkeld Dyke 621. Sandwith 432. Sandwick 784. Santon and Mel thwaite . . 397. Sandford •.... 772. Sawbridge 772. Scale Houses 020. Scales 549. Scales 574. Scales 554. Scales 213. Scaleby 091. Scaleby Hill 092. Scaleby West 092. Scaleby East 092. Scattergate 721. ScalthwaiteRigg, Hay, and Hutton-in-the-Hay 866.

Scarramanwick 574. Scotby 190. Scoggerbar 497. Scuggate 083. Scugger Houses 186. Seaton 316. Seaton ' , . 486. Seascales and Newton 390. Seatbwaite 349. Seatoller 349. Sebergham, High Bound . . 248. Sebergham 248. Sebergham, Low Bound . . 250. Sebergham Bridge 250. Sedgwick 830. Selside-with-Whitwell 808. Sell* Field 461. Setmurthy 310. Shap 806. Shalkfoot 162. Shap Wells 794. Shaddougate 114. Shortgill 750. Silloth 239. Silecroft 490. Sizergh 835. Skelsmergh 857. Skelton 022. Slengill 803. Skirwith 567. Smardale 746. Smaithwaite 402. Snittlegarth 200. Sockbridge 779. Solport 091. Sosgill 367. Soulby •. 530. Page Soulby 751. Southerby Bound 520. Southwaite 750. Sowerby 15. Spital Moor 98. St. Bridget's Beckermet . . 458. St. Bees 425. St. Cuthbert, Carlisle, parish of 142. St. Helen's 317.

St. John Beckermet 462. St. John, vale of 345. St. John's, Castlerigg, and Wythburn 346. St. Mary, Carlisle, parish of 143. St. Nicholas 93, 96. Standing Stones 280. Stanwix 179. Stainburn 482. Stanley Ghyll Force 55. Stainton 182. Stainton 530. Stainton 836. Stainmore 735. Staffield 573. Stapleton 693. Staveley 869. Staveley (Nether) 870. Stennerskeugh (High and Low) 768. Stock Ghyll 52. Stockdalewath Bound 520. Stonethwaite 349. Stoneraise 185. Stoneraise 265. Stone Knowle 692. Strickland Ketel 872. Strickland Roger 873. Sunderland 364. Swinesdale 225. Swindale 809. Strickland, Great 803. Strickland, Little 805. Studholme 175. Sunbiggin 765. Swineside 409. Talkin 678. Tallantire 294. Tarnrigg 280. Tarnside ' 889. Tarraby 182. Tebay 765. Temple Sowerby 755. Thomas Close 505. Tbornthwaite 351.

Thornby 201. Tbornthwaite 808. Threlkeld 552. Threapland 257. Thrimby 805. Thurstonfield 157. Thursby 251. Tbwaites 408. Tod Hills 178. Torpenhow and Whitrigg... 250. Towcett 803. Townhead 790. TownEnd 681. Town End 822. Town End 880. Town Head 880. Triermain . ., 688. Troutbeck 883. Trough 094. Tunnocelum 5. Tyne Head 516. Olenacum 266. Ormathwaite 339. Ormside 761. Ormesby 219. Orton 762. Orton 170. Orton Little 176. Orton Rigg 176. Oughterby 174. Oughterside and Allerby.. 208. Oukon 280. Ousby 58ftf Outhgill 750. Pœgnalæch 8. Papcastle 293. Pardshaw 354. Parton and Micklethwaite . 254. Parsonby 365. Parkgate 281. Parton, (see Parton and Mucklethwaite) 422. Patterdale 51. Patterdale 781. Patton 857. Peathwath 93. Pelutho 236. Pendragon Castle 11. Penrith 586. Penruddock 549. Petriana 2. Petriana 695.

Petteril Crooks 560. Ploughlands 174. Plumpton Wall . . 2, 5, 11, 576. Plumpton Head 017. Plumbland 305. Plumpton street 501. Pooley Bridge 779. Ponsonby 422. Port Carlisle lbl. Preston Patrick 886. Preston 20. Preston Quarter 432. Priestwoodside 8. Preston Richard 835. Powbill 248. Powter How 351. Raisbeck 705. Ramp's Holme 47. Ratten Row 185. Raugbton and Gatesgill . . 107. Raugb ton Head 521. Raughton Beck 315. Ravenglass-.. 493. Ravenstonedale 700. Rawgreen 866. Rayne 705. Reagill 795. Reathwaite 268. Redmain 352. Redgill .*. .. 707. Red Dial 200. Redhill 178. Reddings 21. Renwick 619. Ribton 294. Rickerby 182. Ridpath 17. Riggendale 778. Bigmaden 894. Rockliffe Chnrcbtown 178. Rockliffe Castletown 177. Rockliffe 176. Rookby 740. Rosthwaite 349. Page Ukmanby or Upmanby . . 202. Uldale 259.

Ullock 301, 303. UlphaKirk 00,411. Ulpha 410. Ulverstone 02, 53. Unerigg 356. Underbarrow 873. Undermillbeck 875. Underskiddaw 328. Unthank 101. Unthank 503. Unthank 624. Upperby 184. Utterbank 110. Vertera 12. Vicar's Island 47. Virosidum 30. Voreda 2, 5, 11. Wabertliwaite 490. Waitby 746. Walby 109. Walton 694. Walton Low 695. Wallsend 2. Wampool 201. Wardle 768. Warwick 187. Warwick Bridge 192, 196. Warrington 20. Warwick 21, 187. Warnell 249, 200. Warcop 769. Warblebank 206. Warthole 365. Wasdale Head 430. Wastdale 46. Wastdale 809. Waterhead 089. Watermillock 554. Watendlath 46, 48. Watch-cross 2. Wath 374. Watling-street 3, 4. Waverbridge 216. Waverton 281. Wayrigg 216. Weasdale 768. Wedholme Hill 280. Weddicar .' 433. Westmoreland — Situation, Boundaries, Extent, Population, Divisions, etc., 699; Surface, 700 ; Rivers, Lakes, &c, 701; Roads, Turkpike Trusts, and Bridges, 702; Climate, Soil, and Agriculture, 704; Government, &c, 700 ; Parliamentary Representation, 706: Trade, 707 ; Tenure of Land, <tc, 708.

WESTMoRELAND(Barcny of) 709. West VVaed 774 West Newton .... 217* West End '. j03* West Hall BS9. Westlinton ' ggg° Westminster ...."! .7." 105, loe! westwoouside ogg# INDEX. V , Page Whinnow 253. Whicham 495. Whinfell 298. Whitbeck 497. Whitrigg 152. Whitrigg 255. Whitrigg Lees 201. Wigton 272. Wiggonby 201. Wiggonby 175. Wilton 393. Windermere 2. Winder 402. Winder 780. Page Westward 262. Wescoe 554. Wetheral 188. Wetheral 178. Wetsleddale 810. Whale 799. Wharton 747. Wharton 19. Whitby Castle 3. Whinfell 860. Whitehaven 440. Whittingham 104. Whillimoor 372. Whinnah 402. Page Page Woodriggs 9. Winder 402. Woodside 92, 268, 281. Winscales 463' Winskill 503. Woodrow 281. Winster 874. Workington 463. Workington 468. Wotobank, or Wodowbank 403. Wreay 146. Wythburn 348. Winderwath 790. Windermere 874.

Winton 748. Witherslack 794. Wythop 314. Witherslack 821. Yanwath 780. Wolverdale 772. Woodside 789. Yearn Gill, or Urn Gill . . 218. York 12,15,17,19. Woodbank 180. Woodhouses 170. Woodhouses 831. INDEX OP PAMILIES. Page Aglionby, of Nunnery 506. Askew, of Glenridding 783. Atkinson, of Rampsbeck and Morland 800. Barwis, of Langrigg Hall 217. Blamire, of Thackwood and the Oaks 521. Blencowe, of Blencow 545. Blenkinsop, of Kilbeck 733. Boyville, lords of Millom 404. Braddyll family 166. Brisco, of Crofton 253. Brougham family 786. Browne, of Tallantire 295. Carleton, of Carleton 591. Carlisle family 668.. Christian, of Unerigg. . .'. 357. Cliffords 710. Crackenthorpe, of Newbiggin 759. Curwen, of Workington 467. Dacre family 524. Dacres, barons of Greystoke 540. Denton, of Warnell 249. Derwentwater family 339.

Dixon, of Knells 183. Dykes, of Dykesfield, &c 289. Egremont, Lords of 381. Featkerstonhaugh, of Kirkoswald 573. Featha-stonhaugh, of Staffield 573. Feriton, of Castlerigg 347. Fergtfeon, of Harker Lodge 178. Fleming, of Rydal 826. Fletcher, of Clea Hall 267. Fletcher, of Cockermouth and Hutton 562. Fletchers, of Moresby 418. Page Gibson, of Whelprigg 891. Gillbanks, of Whitefield 246. Gilsland, Lords of 657. Graham, of Edmond Castle 678. Graham, of Netherby 028. Greystoke, Lords of 539. Harrison, of Winscales and Stainburn 482. Hartley, of Gillfoot 389. Hasell, of Dalemain 529. Helbeck, of Hilbeck 733. Hodgson, of Houghton House 184. Hopes, of Brampton Crofts 757. Hornby, of Dalton Hall 884. Hoskins, of Higbam 311. Howard, of Corby 191. Howard, of Greystok\ 541. Hutton, of Hutton Hall H 590.

Hudleston, of Hutton John . .S7-%C. 2B^ Hudleston, lords of Millom 404. Hutton, of Overthwaite 819. Irton, of Irton 396. Irwin, of Justustown and Calder Abbey 401. James, of Barrock and West Auckland 501. -Kendal Barony, Lords of 811. Lamplugh, of Lamplugh 400. Lawsons, of Brayton 206. Lewthvvaite, of Broadgate 409. Lowther family 796. Lutwiage, of Holmrook 398. Moresby family 413. Mounsey, of Castletown 177. Musgrave, of Hay ton l . , . 207. Page Marshall, of Patterdale 782. Marshall family 341. Machell, of Crackenthorpe 722. Moore, of Grimeshill 895. Musgrave, of Musgrave, Hartley, and EdenhaU 634. Parker, of Petteril Green 561. Penningtons, of Muncaster 490. Ponsonby, of Ponsonby and Hale . . 392. Pykeringes, of Moresby 417. Richmond, of Catterlen 583. . Bobertson-Walker, of Gilgarran .... 376.

Rothery, of Littlethorpe & Greta Hall 345. Roughsedge, of Foxghyll 829. Salkeld family 202. Salmond, of Waterfoot 530. . Senhouse, of Nether Hall 326. Skelton, of Armathwaite 558. . Skelton, of Papcastle 293. Spedding, of Summergrove 438. Stanley, of Dalegarth and Ponsonby 423. Stricklands, of Sizergh 861. Fusions 712. Vane, of Hutton Hall 563. Vaux, of Catterlen 582. Veteriponts 709. Warwick, of Warwick 187. Watson, of Calgarth Park 879. Watts, of Hawkesdale 164. Westmoreland Barony, Lords of ... . 709. Whartons, of Wharton 747. Wilson, of Dallam Tower 820.