Virginia, 1492-1892. A brief review of the discovery of the Continent of North America, with a history of the Executives of the Colony and of the Commonwealth of Virginia

Front matter

SIR WALTER RALEGH VIRGINIA 1492 — 1892 A Brief Review of the Discovery of the Continent of North America, with A HISTORY OF THE EXECUTIVES of the Colony and of the Commonwealth of Virginia. IN TWO PARTS BY MARGARET VOWELL SMITH - K WASHINGTON: W. H. LOWDERMILK & CO. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1893, By MARGARET V. SMITH, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. Glens Falls (N. Y.) Printing Co. S. TO THE SACRED MEMORY OF MY FATHER, francis Xee Smitb, whose love for his native state, through early seed-sowing in the mind of this his child, now finds imperfect expression HERE; AND TO THE BELOVED MEMORY OF MY BROTHER, (Lourtlanb Ibawfuns Smitb, THE TYPE OF VIRGINIA CHIVALRY, THE EMBODIMENT OF A NOBLE, GIFTED, VIGOROUS MANHOOD, WHO, ORIGINATING THE IDEA OF THIS HISTORY, BEGAN ITS PREPARATION, WHEN AN UNTIMELY DEATH PREVENTED ITS COMPLETION, Œbis Timorf?

IS DEDICATED. M. V. Alexandria, Virginia. 1892. Among the chief books of reference used in the arrangement of the following historical sketches, may be cited : Holms'S Annals of America. Smith's History of Virginia. Hening's Statutes at Large. Bancroft's History of the United States. Brock's Virginia and Virginians. Jefferson's Notes o?i Virginia. Meade'S Old Churches and Families of Virginia. RiplEy & Dana's A?nerican Cyclopædia . Lord's Letnpriere's Universal Biography. Wirt's Life of Patrick Henry. Other histories and biographies have also contributed to the information incorporated in this work.

Preface

. To THOSE who would inquire wherefore VIRGINIA is called " The Mother of States," we would hold up to view the geographical outline upon the opposite page ; and to those who seek to learn why she is known as ' ' The Mother of Statesmen," we would point to that "shining host" whose names adorn this volume; yet, who, not hers alone, have blended their deeds inseparably with the triumphs and prog ress of this Great Republic. Love of country has been the animating cause of the making of this book, and the author indulges the hope that such an effort to present the lives of the Virginia Governors in a compact form, may lead to other compila tions, so that each State aud Territory of an unbroken Union may lay its written tribute into the treasury of our garnered history. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Part I. Page

Introduction i Sir Walter Ralegh's Patent from Queen Elizabeth . 8 I. Sir Walter Ralegh 15 described by Bancroft .... 17 II. Ralph Lane 19 III John White 21 IV. Sir Thomas Smith 23 Articles, Instructions, and Orders for the good Order and Government of the two several Colonies and Plantations, by King James I. ....... 24 V. Edward Maria Wingfield 28 VI. John Ratcliffe 30 CONTENTS. VIII VII. PAGE Captain John Smith 31 " " " described by Abiel Holmes . . 39 " " " " Thomas Jefferson . 39 c ( ( t tl Bancroft .... 40 John H. Wheeler . 40 it it it William Meade . . 41 W. W. Henry . . 42 William Wirt . . 42 it 1 1 11 11 VIII. Captain George Percy 44 IX. Sir Thomas Gates 46 X. Lord De La Warr 47 XI. Captain George Percy 50 XII. Sir Thomas Dale 51 XIII. Sir Thomas Gates 53 XIV. Sir Thomas Dale 54 XV.

Captain George Yeardley 55 XVI Captain Samuel Argall CONTENTS. IX XVII. PAGE Captain Nathaniel Powell 59 XVIII. Sir George Yeardley 60 ' ' A Reporte of the manner of proceeding in the General assembly convented at James citty in Virginia," July 30, 1619 61 XIX. Sir Francis Wyatt 86 XX. Sir George Yeardley 88 XXI. Captain Francis West 89 XXII. Doctor John Pott 90 XXIII. Sir John Harvey 91 XXIV. Captain John West 92 XXV. Sir John Harvey 93 XXVI. Sir Francis Wyatt 94 XXVII. Sir William Berkeley CONTENTS. X XXVIII. PAGE Richard Kempe 96 described by Bishop Wm. Meade . . 96 XXIX. Sir William Berkeley 98 XXX. Richard Bennet 100 " Articles at the surrender of the Countrie " . . . 100 Articles, etc., agreed upon 102 "An Act of Indemquitie made att the surrender of the Countrey" 103 XXXI. Edward Digges 105 XXXII.

Captain Samuel Matthews 106 Proceedings of Captain Matthews and Council in a contest with the Assembly, John Smith, Speaker . 107 XXXIII. Sir William Berkeley 113 Protest against Navigation Act 114 XXXIV. Colonel Francis Moryson 115 Act I. of Revised Laws, concerning the building of Churches 115 XXXV. Sir William Berkeley 117 XXXVI. Sir Herbert Jeffries CONTENTS. XI XXXVII. PAGE Sir Henry Chicheley 121 XXXVIII. Thomas, Lord Culpeper 123 Lord Culpeper's hostility to the introduction of printing into the Colony 125 XXXIX. Nicholas Spencer 126 XL. Francis, Lord Howard 127 XLL Nathaniel Bacon . . • 128 XLH. Sir Francis Nicholson 130 XLIH. Sir Edmund Andros 132 XLIV. George Hamilton Douglas (Earl of Orkney) . .135 XLV. Sir Francis Nicholson '. . 136 XLVI. Edward Nott 137 XLVII. Edmund Jenings 139 XLVIII.

Robert Hunter CONTENTS. XII XLIX. PAGE Alexander Spotswood 14 r Journal of Mr. Fontaine 144 L. Hugh Drysdale 151 LI. Robert Carter 152 Governor Carter's Epitaph 152 LII. William Gooch 154 LIU. William Anne Keppel 155 LIV. Commissary James Blair 156 Epitaph i57 LV. Sir William Gooch I$g LVI. John Robinson !6o LVII. Thomas Lee .162 Epitaph of Richard Lee j6. " Thomas Lee T64 LVIII. Lewis Burwell j65 Epitaph CONTENTS. XIII LIX. PAGE Robert Dinwiddie 168 Bancroft's tribute to Washington .169 LX. John Campbell (Earl of Loudon) 172 LXI. John Blair 173 LXII. Francis Fauquier 175 Address and Resolutions of patriots of the Northern Neck of Virginia, after passage of Stamp Act, drawn up by Richard Henry Lee 177 LXIII. Sir Jeffrey Amherst 181 Extract from speech of William Pitt (Lord Chatham) 183 Macaulay's description of Pitt 184 LXIV.

John Blair 185 LXV. Norborne Berkeley, Baron de Botetourt . . .187 Bancroft's description of Botetourt 187 LXVI. William Nelson 19° Eulogy on Nelson, by Mr. Camm 191 Epitaph , CONTENTS. XIV LXVII. PAGE John Murray 193 Extract from Bancroft, on the Assembly of March 4 1773 IQ4 Extract from Thomas Jefferson, concerning Logan, the Cayuga Chief 196 LXVIII. Peyton Randolph 199 Extract from Patrick Henry's speech in Convention, held at Richmond, Virginia, March 20, 1775 . . 205 LXIX. Edmund Pendleton 209 Described by William Wirt 210 Bancroft's description of Convention, held at Richmond, Virginia, May, 1776 211 Declaration of Rights 216 LXX. Patrick Henry 220 Described by William Wirt 221 The Constitution of Virginia, adopted June 29, 1776 . 226 Extract from Williamsburg Gazette, of May 17, 1776 232 Extract from Thomas Jefferson 236 Extract from William Wirt, concerning the Convention in Richmond, Virginia, which met June 2, 1788 . 237 William Wirt's description of Patrick Henry's adieu to his profession 239 LXXI.

Thomas Jefferson 2.0 Extract from Autobiography 240 CONTENTS. XV PAGE Resolution of thanks by General Assembly to Thomas Jefferson 245 Resolutions for a cession of the lands on the northwest side of Ohio to the United States .... 246 Resolution indemnifying William Fleming .... 248 Extract from Washington's letter to Governor Brooke 254 LXII. Thomas Nelson, Jr 256 Extract from General Henry Lee, concerning the heroism of Captain Matthew Smith 259 Act of Assembly to indemnify Thomas Nelson and to legalize certain acts of his administration . . . 260

Part II

Introduction 265 "List of the Livinge in Virginia," 1623 267 List of counties in Virginia, 1892 268 LXXIII. Benjamin Harrison 270 Proclamation concerning the ratification of articles of peace, 1783 271 An Act concerning regulations respecting the British trade 272 LXXIV. Patrick Henry 273 Described by William Wirt CONTENTS. XVI PAGE Close of Patrick Henry's life, described by W. W. Henry 277 Preamble to Act for the revision of the laws, October, 1776 277 LXXV. Edmund Randolph 279 Bishop William Meade describes the views of Edmund Randolph on religious subjects .... 283 LXXVI. Beverley Randolph 284 An Act for the cession of ten miles square to the United States 285 LXXVII Henry Lee 287 Corps of Cavalry, described by his distinguished biographer 287 " Spread Eagle Tavern " incident 288 " Paulus's Hook " movement 289 Address from the citizens of Alexandria, Virginia, to George Washington 291 Author of "Memoirs of the War in the Southern Department of the United States," revised by his son, General Robert E. Lee 293 LXXVIII.

Robert Brooke 295 Extract from Washington's address to Congress, 1 795 . 295 LXXIX. James Wood 2„g Extract from Washington's address to Congress, December, 1796 2qg CONTENTS. XVII LXXX. PAGE James Monroe 300 Inscription upon tomb of Daniel Morgan .... 303 Extract from " Monroe Doctrine " 305 LXXXI. John Page 306 LXXXII William H. Cabell 310 Extract from Resolutions of Respect, by Court of Appeals 311 LXXXIII. John Tyler 313 LXXXIV. James Monroe 315 Extract from Report of Committee on Foreign Relations 315 LXXXV. George William Smith 318 LXXXVI. Peyton Randolph 320 LXXXVII. James Barbour 321 William Wirt's description of James Waddell, the blind preacher 321 LXXXVIII. Wilson Cary Nicholas 326 LXXXIX. James P. Preston CONTENTS. xvrrr. xc. PAGE Thomas Mann Randolph 330 Decision of Supreme Court of United States, concerning Dartmouth College 331 Extract from speech of Daniel Webster 331 Extract from Inaugural address of President James Monroe 332 An Act ceding to the United States the lands on Old Point Comfort, etc 332 XCI James Pleasants, Jr 334 XCII.

John Tyler 336 XCIII. William B. Giles 338 XCIV. John Floyd 340 XCV. Littleton Waller Tazewell 342 XCVI. Wyndham Robertson ... -,*, 344 XCVII. David Campbell XCVIII. Thomas Walker Gilmer ,4q XCIX. John Mercer Patton CONTENTS. XIX c. PAGE John Rutherfoord 354 CI. John M. Gregory 356 CII. James McDowell 358 CHI. William Smith 360 Act declaring the County of Alexandria, formerly in the District of Columbia, to be an integral portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia 361 CIV. John Buchanan Floyd 363 Description of Washington Monument in Richmond, Virginia 363 CV. Joseph Johnson 365 CVI. Henry Alexander Wise 367 CVII. John Letcher 369 Resolutions by Hon. John J. Allen, offered in a massmeeting of the people of Botetourt County, Virginia 37° An ordinance to repeal the ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America, by the State of Virginia CONTENTS.

XX PAGE A Declaration of the people of Virginia represented in Convention, at the City of Wheeling, June 13, 1861 376 Tribute of respect to Governor Letcher by General Assembly 378 CVIII. William Smith 379 CIX. Francis H. Pierpoint 381 Resolutions by the General Assembly requesting the President of the United States to grant a general Amnesty to the citizens of Virginia 383 Resolutions by the General Assembly of Virginia, approving the policy of the President of the United States, etc 383 CX. Henry H. Wells 385 CXI. Gilbert C. Walker 387 An Act to ratify the Joint Resolution of Congress, passed June 16, 1866, proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America 388 An Act to ratify the Joint Resolution of Congress, passed February 27, 1869, proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of the United States . . 389 CXII James Lawson Kemper 30!

Resolutions by General Assembly of Virginia, protesting against the passage of the Civil Rights Bill CONTENTS. XXI CXIII PAGE Frederick W. M. Holliday 394 Published addresses 395 CXIV William Ewan Cameron 397 Act abolishing the "whipping-post" 398 CXV. Fitzhugh Lee 399 Extract of letter from General R. E. Lee .... 400 Resolution of General Assembly extending thanks to the Attorney-General, etc 402 CXVI. Philip W. McKinney - 403 Act to provide for the settlement of the public debt of Virginia 405 Extracts from Report of Commissioner of Agriculture for Virginia 413

Appendix

. Note A — Christopher Columbus 441 Note B — Venice 442 Note C — General Robert E. Lee 443 General Thomas J. Jackson 443 Note D — Causes which rendered necessary the New Edition of the Code of Virginia, 1873

PART I.

History of the Executives of Virginia from the Patent granted by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Ralegh, 1584, to the close of the Revolutionary War, 1781.