Sailing Directions for the principal Ports in the Bay of Bengal, with remarks upon the winds and currents; and special instructions for making passages up and down the Bay

Front matter

SAILING DIRECTIONS POR THE PRINCIPAL PORTS IN THE BAY OF BENGAL. APPROACHES TO THE R_.7__._Fi A'iLA;CAN N.nili.- Mil.-s StHiii.liu^s in Fathoms > ■ ■ SAILING DIRECTIONS FOR THE PRINCIPAL PORTS IN THE BAY OF BENGAL, WITH REMARKS UPON THE WINDS AND CUERENTS; AND SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING PASSAGES UP AND DOWN THE BAY. ur W. H. ROSSER and JAMES F. IMRAY, F.R.G.S LONDON: JAMES IMEAT AND SON, CHART PUBLISHERS AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLERS, MINOEIES AND TOWER HILL. 1866. LONDON I BLNJAMXN" PARDON, PRINTER, PATERNOSTER ROW, K.C.

Preface

. The extensive and constantly increasing traffic between the various ports of the Bay of Bengal seems to demand special Sailing Directions for that part of tlie Indian Ocean. To supply that demand, the following pages have been compiled from all the best and recognised Authorities, supple mented by information derived from Harbour Masters, Masters' Attendant, aud Lloyd's agents, at many of the principal ports, as well as from the most recent Surveyors. To the Directions are appended a general description of the Wind and Weather, and of the Currents during the two Monsoons ; followed by some brief and necessary remarks on the Navigation of the Bay. A Table of Positions is also now for the first time published in a col lected form, with the Meridians from which the Longitudes are determined.

An attempt has been made to rectify the heretofore uncertain positions of the Andamans and Nicobars ; in the latter the observations of the Austrian frigate Novara, and those of the Dutch have been consulted, — if the positions here given be not absolutely correct, they are probably so within 2' or 3'. No work of this character can be perfect; improvements in the ar rangement can easily be suggested, aud new material must always be coming to hand. Still, it is hoped that the Bat of Bengal Direc tory, as now issued, though not entirely free from defects, will be useful to the Navigator. The Publishers will at all times be glad to receive any communications that may tend to enhance its value to those for whose special benefit it has been compiled. London, March 1st, 1866. CONTENTS. ANDAMAN ISLANDS.

Preparis Island, 2 ; Great and Little Coco, 3 ; Landfall Island, Cape Price, East Island, Cliff and Eeef Islands, Union Ledge, &c. 4 ; Jackson and Eanger Ledges, 5 ; Port Cornwallis, 6 ; Table Islands, 6 ; Craggy Islands, Saddle Mountain, An daman Strait, Sound Island, &c. 8 ; Andaman Archipelago, 9 ; Middle Strait, 11 ; Port Meadows, Oyster and Shoal Bays, 12 ; Port Blair, 12 ; Rutland Island, 13 ; Macpherson's Strait, Sisters' Islets, Cinque Islands, Passage Island, &c. 14 ; West Island, Cape Thornhill, Cliff Island, 14; Minns Bank, 15; Port Andaman, Flat Island, Port CampbeU, Port Mouat, North Sentinel, 16 ; Little Andaman, South Sentinel, Brothers, &c. 17 ; Duncan Passage, Narcondam, Barren Island, 18 ; Invisible Bank, Flat Eock, &c. 19. NICOBAE ISLANDS. Car Nicobar, 20 ; Batti Malve, Tschaura, Teressa, 21 ; Bompoka, Tillangschong, Camorta, 22 ; Trinkut, Nangcovri Island and Harbour, 23 ; Katschal, Little Nicobar, 24; Great Nicobar, 25 ; St. George's Channel, 26; General summary of the navigation of the Nicobar Islands, 26.

CEYLON ISLAND. Colombo, 30 ; Negomba, Chilaw Bungalow, Dutch Bay, 32 ; Whale Eeef, Gin durah Eock, Gallehogalle Bank, 33 ; Point de Galle Bay, 34 ; Great Bassas, 38 ; Little Bassas, 39 ; Trincomalie, 44 ; Mceletive House and Shoal, 47 ; Point Pedro Shoal, 48. WEST COAST OF THE BAY OF BENGAL. Cape Comorin, 48 ; Manapaud Point, Tuticorin, 49 ; Paumben Pass, 51 ; Palks Bay, Adrampatam, 53 ; Kayts, Jaffna, 55 ; Calimere Point, Negapatam Shoal, Negapatam, 56 and 130; Nagore, Carricall, Tranquebar, Coleroon, Porto Novo, Cuddalore, Pondicherry, 57 and 130 ; Sadras, Tripaloor ShoaL Madras, 58 and 130 ; Pulicat Shoals, 59 and 61 ; Pulicat Light, Armogham Shoal and Light, 61 ; Blackwood Harbour, Mootapolli Bank, Point Divy and False Point Divy, Masuli patam, 62; Narsapoor Point, 63 ; Coringa and Cocanada, 64 ; Pillar Eock, Pigeon Island, Vizagapatam, 65 ; Bimlipatam, SantipiUy Bocks and Lighthouse, 66 ; Captain Bilton's remarks on Madras, Cocanada, Vizagapatam, Bimlipatam and Pondicherry, 67 ; Chicacole Biver, Calingapatam, 70 ; Bapanapadoo, Poondy, Barwah, Soonapoor, Monsoorcottah or Gopaulpore, Ganjam Manikpatam, 71 ; Juggernaut Pagodas, Black Pagoda, False Point, Palmyra Point, Kunka Biver, Balasore, 72 ; Pipley, 73.

NOETH COAST OF THE BAY OF BENGAL. Sunderbunds, Lights at the entrance to the Hoogly, 73 ; Tides in the Hoogly, Signal (regulations about), 74 ; Pilots' Station, Directions for approaching the Hoogly, 75 ; Mutlah Eiver, 77 ; Houses of Eefuge on the coast of the Sunderbunds, 80. EAST COAST OF THE BAY OF BENGAL. Chittagong Eiver, Kootubdeah Island and Light, 81 ; Akyab, St. Martin's Eeef, Asseergurh Eeef, Oyster Island and Eeef, 82 ; Oyster Eeef, Heckford Shoal, 83 ; Terrible Eocks, 84 ; Kyouk Phyou Harbour, 85 ; Cheduba Island, &c. 130 ; Cape Negrais, Bassein Eiver, 86 ; Diamond Island, Phæton Shoal, Alguada Eeef and CONTENTS. Light, 87 ; Thalia Eeef, 89 ; Directions for the Eiver Bassein, 89 ; General remarks on the coast of Pegu, Krishna Shoal, 91 ; Eangoon Eiver, 93 ; Sittang Eiver, 94; Maulmain Eiver, 95 ; Double Island, 96; Kalegouk Island, 98; Coast of Tenasaerim, &c, Penang, 100.

WINDS. Ceylon, 101 ; Palks Bay, 102 ; General remarks on the winds in the Bay of Bengal, 102 ; Coromandel coast, 103 ; at the head of the Bay of Bengal, 105 ; Gales in the Bay of Bengal, 106 ; coasts of Martaban and Tenasserim, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Strait of Malacca, 107 ; west coast of Sumatra, 108 ; Cyclones in the Hoogly, 109. CUBEENTS. Gulf of Manaar, 112; Ceylon coast, 112; Bay of Bengal, 113 and 114'; Malacca Strait, 114; west coast of Sumatra, 114; remarks on the currents in the Bay of Bengal during the South-west Monsoon, by J. A. Heathcote, Esq., I.N., 114 to 118. EEPOETED EOCKS, &c. IN THE BAY OF BENGAL. Eoe Bank, 119; soundings by the Vespasian, 121; Bale of Cotton Rock, 121; Planet Shoal, 122; Gore Bank, 122. PASSAGES TO THE BAY OF BENGAL. First Outer Route, 123 ; Second Outer Route, 123 ; Swan Paver to Calcutta, 123.

PASSAGES FROM THE BAY OF BENGAL. From Madras, 124 ; from Mauritius or Reunion, 124 ; from the Sandheads, 124 ; Captain Bilton's remarks on passages down the Bay, 124; Captain Blanchard's remarks on passages, 124 ; Calcutta to Swan River, 125. PASSAGES UP OR DOWN THE BAY OF BENGAL. General remarks on the navigation of the Bay, 126 ; Ceylon or Madras to Bengal, 127 ; Bengal to the southern ports on the west side of the Bay, 127 ; Malacca Strait or Acheen Head to Bengal, 127 ; Bengal to Malacca Strait, 127 ; "Various ports of the Bay of Bengal to Rangoon, 127 ; Rangoon to various ports of the Bay of Bengal, 128 ; Bay of Bengal to ports on the west coast of India during the South-west Monsoon, 128. TABLE OF POSITIONS. West side of the Bay of Bengal, 135 ; East side of the Bay of Bengal, 136 ; Ceylon, Andaman Islands, 137; Nicobar Islands, 138; North coast of Sumatra, 138.

LIST OF PLATES, Approaches to River Aracan Face Title. Colombo p „ oi Point de Galle '. "' "" 34 Bassas Reefs ... ... ... . " gg Trincomalie ... _,_ " .4 Bassein River ... ... ... ... " or Currents in the Bay of Bengal, (North-east Monsoon) ... „" " 112 Currents in the Bay of Bengal, (South-west Monsoon) .....'.' 1 SAILING DIIŒCTTONS FOR THE PRINCIPAL PORTS IN THE BAY OF BENGAL. *4t* IN THIS WOBK THE BEAB1NGS AND COURSES AEE BT COMPASS, UNLESS EXPEESSED TO THE CONTEAET, AND AEE INDEPENDENT OF WINDS AND CUREENTS, FOE WHICH ALLOWANCE MUST BE MADE. THE DISTANCES AEE IN NAUTICAL MILES OF 60 TO EACH DEGREE, AND THE DEPTHS AEE EEDUCED TO THE LEVEL OF LOW WATEE SPRING TIDES. IN THE WESTERN PAST OF THE BAT OF BENGAL THE TAEIATION IS ABOUT 1° E. ; AND IN THE EASTERN