Algoma West, its Mine, Scenery and Industrial Resources, etc. (Business Directory of Port Arthur.)

Preface

The idea of presenting the following brief record of the mar vellous resources of "Western Algoma in general, and of the devel- ERRATUM. Page 14. — Illustration wrongly name J, should be Thunder Cape. See page 17. touching the relative merits of particular sections, etc. But laudable as this desire for knowledge may appear, it was not always either convenient or possible without involving a heavy tax upon my time, to fully satisfy many enquirers, and deeming partial answers most unsatisfactory, I adopt the following course. Within, gentlemen, you will please find answer — supported not only by the testimony of our local press, but also by the experience and personal research of many of the most eminent scientists on this continent. Your demand for a map " showing the relative position of the various surveys made for the Government or private individuals up to date," has also been complied with.

This latter work was prepared specially by one of our best known and most experienced Provincial and Dominion Government Land Sur veyors, Mr. A. L. Russell, of Port Arthur. In conclusion, the writer has much pleasure in reminding hisreaders of the fact that, the figures and statements given herein, are from personal observation and investigation, as are also the general historical and other descriptive references touching the district so far described. Over twelve years of continuous exploratory engineering, mineralogical and topographical examinations therein, rendering the subject perfectly familiar from every aspect and under different conditions, both in summer and winter. Owing principally to a press of other work at this season, it is, of course, barely possible to more than refer to the existence of many industries of considerable merit and promise.

The agricultural interests from similar causes have not received the amount of attention they so richly deserve. To this latter remark, the west-bound traveller via the Canadiin Pacific Rail way around Lake Superior, may be disposed to mildly object. Visitors and intending settlers going through to the Northwest Territories, would, however, materially alter their opinion and improve their chances of success, or fund of information, by remaining over at Port Arthur, and observing for themselves its great natural advantages and what has been accomplished there since the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. They will find men of all nationalities investing money there ; they will find it a splendid business centre, and a delightful summer resort. Your obedient servant, W. R. ZPx^IRT I TOPOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL NOTES.

NIPIGON LAKE AND RIVER TO THUNDER BAY. UNRIVALLED SCENERY AND CHARMING CLIMATE AS OTHERS SEE US A VIVID DESCRIPTION OF A FAMOUS TROUT STREAM, BY EDITOR OF FOREST AND STREAM. A Glimpse of Red Rock and the Nipigon River from the Canadian Pacific Railway. The Manitou ok Sacred Rock. The Terrirle Fate of a C. P. R. Surveying Party. Indian Missions, Agents and Missionaries. Guides, Outfits and Maps. PORT ARTHUR 1800 to 1887. The Advent of the C. P. R. Progress of Port Arthur. Its Industries, Public Buildings, Hotels, Schools and Churches, Mills, Breakwater, Docks, Railways, Water-works, Falls and Powers. PROSPERITY OF FORT WILLIAM & ITS SURROUNDINGS. SPLENDID AGRICULTURAL LANDS ON THE SLATE AND WHITE FISH RIVERS. MISCELLANEOUS. OUR MINES, MINERALS AND PIONEERS. Opinions of the Press. Engineers' and Surveyors' Reports on Railways and Townships. OFFICIAL REPORTS ON DEVELOPMENT Bt A. L. RUSSELL, Dominion and Provincial Land Surveyor.

Part I. Algoma West

NIPIGON TO THUNDER BAY. Nipigon Harbor as the Lake Superior Terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway — Fertile Lands, Magnificent Scenery and Vast Wealth of Minerals and Timber. Lake Nipigon, situated between the parallels of the 49th and •51st degrees of latitude and the 88th and 89th degrees of longi tude, measures nearly 70 miles in length by about 39 miles in width, and in consequence of its numerous and deeply indented bays, has a coast line of nearly 600 miles. This magnificent sheet of clear, deep water, with its innumerable islands, great and small, was, until the commencement of exploratory surveys in connection with the Canadian Pacific railway, comparatively unknown to the outer world. During the years 1872 and 1873 extensive explorations were being carried out upon all sides of this inland sea by the Government engineers, under the direction of Mr. W. Murdoch, then chief engineer of the Lake Superior divisions of the Canadian Pacific railway.

It was one of those parties, accompanied by Chief Murdoch, that in the winter of 1871 and 1872, made a bee line from Fort Garry to Nipigon House, a distance of about 410 miles, making a topographical survey of this hitherto unbroken wilderness, on their journey. At this period in the undeveloped scheme of our great national transcontinental railway, the Government had seriously entertained the idea of making Red Rock, near the mouth of the Nipigon River, the Lake Superior terminus of the road. This scheme had many warm advocates among the engineers, who were of course thoroughly conversant with the great natural advantages of the harbor. A change of Government, however, occurred about this period, when the advocates of the amphibious route came into power, and of course abandoned the north shore for all time, as they supposed.

Anyhow, another selection was made. About this time many important improvements were made in the appearance of the Red Rock post by the officer in charge, Mr. Robert Crawford, now of Indian Head. Docks, houses, stores and commodious officers' quarters were rapidly constructed, and in an amazingly short time the once desolate and weird looking shanties were transformed into an orderly and prosperous station. All this was done in anticipation of the promised terminus. The terminus, however, did not come. The great company of merchant adventurers were disappointed and disgusted with the expen diture, and then and there resolved that as soon as they could discover a post belonging to their ancient corporation where wood or building material did not exist, to that place they should send the offending agent, though said place be the north pole itself.

The opportunity soon occurred. A vacancy was made in far away Ungava, and to that place, the nearest post to the north pole, Mr. Crawford was exiled. " Lumber," writes Mr. Crawford, " is entirely out of the question here. I used to think $55 and $60 a thousand dear at Red Rock, but here everything is con structed of ice," and unfortunately for Mr. Crawford, ice palaces had not then become fashionable. The land upon the north-west and west side of Lake Nipigon is good, and the soils and grasses of the south shore will compare favorably with any other section of Ontario. This soil, like that of the company's land at Red Rock, now called Nipigon, is a rich clay loam, with sandy clay subsoil, and capable of a high degree of cultivation. The soil of the east side is not quite so fertile or extensive, but has in places much better timber, and but for the ravages of forest fires could boast of extensive tracts of fair pine land.

The country along the shores of South and East Bay and along the route of the proposed colonization road is, however, fringed with very fine belts of pine of sound quality, and away to the north-eastwards are also to be seen unknown quantities of white and some red pine. This, too, is the most interesting section from a geological point of view. The rock formation here is principally Huronian, with granite prevailing southward. Many important discoveries have been made of the precious metals here, and several well defined contact and other veins rich in pyrites, both iron and copper, grey and yellow, have been recently located in this immediate section. Bands of chloritic slate have also been found, carrying $5 to $20 in gold. Provisions and supplies of every kind, however, cost heavily, flour frequently selling at the rate of $20 per barrel, and other things in the same ratio.

This, it is alleged, is owing to the great expense of transport over the numerous portages on the Nipigon river. The Hudson Bay Company have now but one regular post on this lake, that of Nipigon House, and, although situated north of the 51st parallel of latitude, they manage to grow all kinds of grain, vegetables, fruit and flowers. Everythingrequisite in the way of crops flourishes abundantly. I am assured, by the courteous officer in charge, Mr. Henrie De La Ronde, a titled represen tative of a distinguished French family, of the ancient regime. This post is situated on the west side. The scenery of the east and north-west side of Lake Nipigon is very fine, and the views in the immediate vicinity of Nipigon House stand unrivalled. Conspicuous among these are the Inner and Outer Barn, and the Roche qui Frappe, famous for its peculiar echoes.

The barns are walls of grayish-black trap, rising from the bottom of the deep blue lake to a perpendicular height of 750 feet above its surface, with tons of overhanging masses of loose rock, apparently ready to topple over, upon the least provocation. nipigon river Is famous for its speckled trout and charming scenery, and is the only outlet from Lake Nipigon. It is also distinguished as being the largest and clearest body of water flowing into Lake Superior. At Red Rock, some two miles from the mouth of the river, stands the Hudson Bay Company's post, beautifully situated on the western slope of a well cultivated clearance of about 100 acres. "Within view from the company's dock here, and about one-eighth of a mile up stream, occurs one of the swiftest currents on the river, where the water sweeps downwards from Lake Helen with a velocity of over six knots per hour.

This is the first rapid on the Nipigon and is crossed by the Canadian Pacific railway, over an iron bridge, at an elevation of 97 feet above the water level. This bridge, with its trestle approaches, measures 1,000 feet in length, and is decidedly graceful in its proportion and general appearance. Although the post office and company's stores here are called Red Rock, the railroad station located just west of the bridge is named Nipigon. This causes frequent mistakes and one or other name should be applied to both post office and station. The principal water stretches into which the river expands, are as follows : — Lakes Helen, Jessie, Emma, Hannah, Maria and Mirror, the principal rapids, falls and portages being Alexander, Long Portage, Narrows, Island Portage, Split Rock, Pine and Little Flat Rock, from whence the Hudson Bay Company's canoe route branches west, reaching South Bay on Lake Nipigon by a shorter and easier route than that of the river, where the rapids increase in number and velocity to the Grand Falls, or head waters of the Nipigon.

The Grand Falls have an elevation of 855 feet above sea level. This magnificent fall is one of the greatest attractions to tourists, and although less majestic than Niagara, owing to the romantic wildness of the surrounding scenery and peculiar fore and back ground, most travellers give it preference to any other in this land of picturesque falls. The total length of Nipigon river is 43 miles. It has an average width of 285 feet, but in jTilaces opens out to two and a half miles. The number of falls and chutes in this distance is fifteen. The fish of this stream is the true brook trout, " but runs," says the Editor of Forest and Stream, " to a size without a parallel anywhere." Lake Nipigon is also teeming with fish of every variety, including monster speckled trout, sometimes exceeding fourteen pounds, and in one or two well known cases weighing over twenty pounds. the harbor.

Nipigon harbor is one of the safest on Lake Superior. It is formed by two long peninsulas that stretch out on either side and converge towards the entrance, where three large islands of great altitude effectually check the force of wind and sea from the south, while on the east and west side it is securely sheltered by high spurs of trap mountains. This harbor is perfectly land locked and in many essential points resembles the basin of Bed ford, N. S. The large islands referred to in the bay are the Verte and La Grange, both of the old red or brown sandstone formation. The Yerte Isle stone is now extensively known to American builders, and large quantities are constantly being quarried here. Nearly every kind of building stone is found in this section, including a fine class of marble or serpentine. the sacred manitou rock.

At the mouth of the river also occurs the famous red rock, sacred to the Manitou, and carved with hieroglyphics, the marks of early Indian visits. Of this rock from time immemorial the Indian Calumet has been made, and far away upon the Saskatche wan and Mississippi rivers, and in Mexico, in the mounds or tumuli of extinct races, may be found samples of this peculiar stone. a beautiful view. Leaving Nipigon harbor, with its bold headlands and walls of rock rising to a perpendicular height of 560 feet from the water, the tourist can revisit one of the islands formerly referred to as affording protection to the naval anchorage. The first of these is called La Grange, or the Barn. It is of considerable altitude, the aneroid barometer indicating an elevation of some 1,420 feet. The prospect from the summit is fine indeed, commanding as it does a bird's eye view of the surrounding bay and islands.

From this point the spectator also overlooks many miles of the mainland ; and as every feature of the landscape east to the distant horizon rushes fresh on the memory, a brief description of it, combining the useful with the beautiful, may prove of interest. La Grange and its sister Isle Verte are of the oldest geological formation — the old red sandstone — and were evidently intended in the economy of nature to serve as a lookout point or break water. This, at least, was the opinion of Duncan McEachren who, by the way, was among the first to turn the attention of practical men to the excellence of its building stone. Already large shipments of this stone has been made to Chicage from the Verte quarries. The sandstone is unsurpassed, and its success as a marketable material is long acknowledged. terrible fate of an exploring party.

Glancing past the Twin Sisters and frowning heights of Isle Verte, a view is obtained of the Mazoukamaw and Don river section. This district is rich in mineral deposits, and many fine veins were located there in 1873. The country, however, is much burned and barren looking. It was in this valley that Mr. Johnston's survey party perished by fire in 1872 while on exploratory work. Seven of the party were returning from a cache near the mouth of the Don, and neglected to extinguish a fire at which they had cooked breakfast. A wind sprang up, and they were overtaken by the flames before reaching shelter and perished in the fire. That night was an anxious one in camp. Wails and wierd sounds were distinctly heard from the burning bush. Morning dawned gloomy and wet. The forest fires were nearly extinguished, and while the deep gorges were reverberating with peals of thunder, and vivid lightning flashes illuminated the desolate scene, diligent search was made for the missing men, whose remains were subsequently found.

The Don has its source among the elevated trap and granite hills to the east, called Scarboro'. These hills, or rather mountains, are bare, rugged and precipitous. The scenery is, however, admirably diversified, and to the geologist and lover of nature is especially attractive. a promising mining property. Before taking a final leave of Nipigon Bay and its superb panorama, we will describe one of the many promising mining properties in this district. It is a patented location surveyed in 1881 and numbered 30T. This property consists of a series of deposits of linticular shaped masses of zinc blende, of great purity and unknown depth. These deposits, in places measuring eighty feet long by twenty feet wide, occur in a bluff of horn blende trap directly above a watercourse of great power. The water power referred to is the White Sand River, which like River Pays Plat, has its source in Wintering Lake, on the water-shed, 25 miles north of the zinc deposit.

Passing through the narrow channel of Pays Plat the Huronian series appear to terminate, and, as we approach the shores for closer examination, the Lau rentian is seen to stand out in bold relief. the township of nipigon. This township is situated on the north-eastern extremity of Nipigon Bay, and enjoys from its many natural advantages an extensive and growing popularity. This prominence is due in a great measure to the discovery of rich lodes of copper, iron and galena made a few years ago. It is remarkable for its numerous fertile slopes and plateaus, especially those near the mouth of the river, and also for its heavy timber, fisheries, delightful climate and scenery. The township is traversed obliquely from south west to north-east by the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. THE NECESSITY OF A COLONIZATION ROAD.

By far the best lands in this district are situated between the north boundary of the township and the southern extremity of Lake Nipigon, as already described, and the hardy pioneers of this settlement assert that the early construction of a good wagon road connecting Lakes Helen and Nipigon is of vital importance to their personal welfare, and the development of this interesting district generally. This township was surveyed in 1873, and, during this period only one small grant has been made for local improvements. This sum, it is claimed, was squandered upon the wandering Indians, who no sooner had a road built to their new Mission than they immediately availed themselves of the opportunity of clearing off, bag and baggage, including log houses, for pastures new, some seven miles northward.

The length of the proposed Colonization road would not exceed twenty-five miles of easy gradient, with few crossings and light work throughout its entire length. THE INDIANS AND AGRICULTURE. The aboriginal inhabitants of the district so far described, number about six hundred. Of these some 350 perambulate the shores of Lake Nipigon and the other interior lakes during summer with all the freedom and easy grace of the Bedouin. They are not all Pagans, but many of them, although not strictly adhering to ancient usage, may be said to be decidedly free thinkers. Farming, or the art of cultivating their fertile valleys and plateaus, upon Lake Nipigon is absolutely unknown excepting at Nipigon House, where the Hudson Bay Company have had lands under cultivation for upwards of one hundred years, and at South Bay where the Rev. Mr. Rennison has also a large tract carefully cultivated by Indian labor.

Agricultural pursuits should receive more Government encouragement in this quarter, as the time is not far distant when the Indians of this district must dig or die. GREAT CHANGE EFFECTED BY MISSIONARIES. It is now many years ago since the venerable Jesuit, Pere Du Ranquette, preached his first sermon to the natives of the then unbroken wilderness. This kind and zealous missionary, after years of unceasing and arduous toil, effected a wonderful reformation in the lives and habits of a people by whom he was esteemed more than feared. Too often this gentle Father was, I suspect, imposed upon. His successor, however, the Rev. Father Hebert, S. J., was not quite so indulgent, a fact of which the flock soon became unpleasantly aware. About 500 of these Indians claimed to belong to the Roman Catholic faith, and one of the first steps taken by their new missionary, after his arrival in 1876, was to assemble his scattered band and commence the erection of a mission station.

Previous to this assembly Father Hebert had, of course, paid them a flying visit, but it was not until the work of building had commenced that they fully realized the changed state of affairs. They had to work ! Their church, school and small village is situated in a pretty bay, on east shore of Lake Helen, where a few families reside perma nently, while many others have signified their intention of settling there also, providing they can obtain a deed of their lots. The English church mission, in charge of Rev. Mr. Rennison, is upon the big lake, as already stated. A church, school and several substantial log houses have been erected. This establishment is a branch of the Shingwaulk Institute near the Sault, and many of the practical lessons imparted to Indians at that school are carried out here.

Supplies for this station are packed over the numerous portages on the river, and this, I am assured, is the greatest drawback to its progress. INDIAN AGENTS. The Indian agent for the North Shore and Nipigon district is Mr. J. P. Donnelly, one of Algoma's pioneers ; his district extends north-eastwards from the Kaministiquia River to Michipicoten, a distance of nearly 300 miles, and northwards or " inland " from Pic River to Long Lake, and westward to the northern extremity of Lake Nipigon ; thence south and westward along the Gull River valley to Dog Lake, near the sources of the Kaministiquia River or place of beginning our description. Many important changes have been made in the condition of the Indians of this agency of late, and owing to the united efforts of agents, Messrs. Mclntyre and Donnelly, a taste for agricultural pursuits is being fostered among their respective scattered bands.

Mr. Mclntyre's agency extends westward from the " Kam " to the international boundary beyond the height of land, and includes the numerous bands over which, as a chief officer of the Hudson Bay Company, he so long exercised a powerful influence. THE RAILWAY HISTORY. Although many interesting mining and other properties m this section are located immediately on the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, it is almost impossible, without extending this report to an inconvenient length, to refer to them however briefly in touching upon the early exploration, location and con struction of the Nipigon and Port Arthur railway, as it was once named. This particular branch of the main line was first explored in the winter of 1879 and 1880, when the idea of testing the feasibility of a shore line was advocated by our worthy member, Mr. S. J. Dawson.

Its general course is as follows : — The line crosses the Nipigon at the first rapids, where the river is narrowest, and the banks, composed of boulder drift, are over 70 feet high. From this crossing the line sweeps along the western shores of the river and harbor to Camp Roland, when it curves around a cliff of red rock, capped with columnar trap, rising hundreds of feet above the road bed ; thence it runs west ward through a fertile and well timbered valley, and crosses the Black Sturgeon River in the township of Dawson, which is now re-baptised " Lyon." From this crossing the line inclines slightly towards Black Bay, enters the township of Dorion and runs on through MacTavish, attaining the summit near Loon Lake at an elevation of 1,080 feet. From this point it follows the valley of the north-east branch of the McKenzie River to a point near the Forks, and thence converging upon the shores of Thunder Bay, it reaches Port Arthur by an easy grade.

The work of exploration and survey of this branch occupied seventy-five days, and some 67 or 68 miles were measured and levelled up for grade. Many apparently insurmountable obstacles, thanks to the care ful reconnaissances and abundant resources of the engineer in charge, were passed over in detail and without delay, and what was long considered to be the worst section of the road was demonstrated to be by far the most practicable of the many lines approaching Nipigon from any direction. The winter of 1879 and 1880 was an exceptionally severe one and among the many delays and difficulties which the engineer in charge, Mr.R. McLen nan, experienced, was that of having his entire party and outfit solidly frozen in while attempting to navigate Black Bay in the venerable tug Neff, with the thermometer at 40° below zero.

It is strange how memory lingers ! In conclusion, I must not omit to mention that Nipigon, (I refer to that particular section of it in the immediate vicinity of the Hudson's Bay Post and the Canadian Pacific Railwray crossing on the Nipigon River), is no longer the deserted village it appeared to be before the advent of the railway. The Hudson's Bay Company's stores and business has been much enlarged, and the courteous and zealous agent in charge, Mr. Flannigan, is pre pared to furnish the tourist and prospector with every essential article of outfit. Settlement has already followed the construction of this line, and some eight or ten new families are located there permanently. APPROACHES BY LAND AND WATER The Canadian Pacific railway touches the margin of Nipigon Bay at Ross Port, opposite the charming archipelago of Pays Plat, and going westward, follows closely upon the margin of the bay for some 40 miles, where it inclines inland for about 2\ miles for the purpose of obtaining a suitable crossing on the Nipigon River.

Up to this point, a most varied and extensive view of the bay is obtained from the car windows, there being but just sufficient intervals of green trees to complete the fore ground of the ever-changing scene, and running as it were through the entire gamut of sea and landscape. NIPIGON CROSSING. The view from the elevated structure is simply enchanting. Over 100 feet below, the deep, dark waters are rushing madly towards the quiet bay to the south, while in full view, up stream, among the richly foliaged hills, lies Lake Helen, which in reality is but an opening of the river. Between this crossing and the bay, and sloping gently to the latter, is a magnificent spot. Glan cing through an opening in the trees, we catch sight of an ancient post of the Hudson's Bay Company called " Red Rock," with its quaint white store and outbuildings nestling serenely in one of the loveliest of dales.

It is evening as our express train passes this historic spot, and as the last rays of the setting sun are illuminating the attic windows of the " Fort," ere it sinks to rest behind the pine-clad hills, many pleasant reminiscenses of Swiss scenes are vividly recalled to mind. BY SAIL OR STEAMBOAT. But of all the picturesque routes approaching Nipigon and Thunder Bays, via the north shore of Lake Superior, none surpass that taken by the " Marks North Shore Line," calling at every point of interest between Pic, Nipigon, Kaministiquia, (and if" nipigon river. specially chartered), Pigeon River and Isle Royale. The boats of this line, owing to their lighter draught, usually follow the inner channels and thereby afford the rare treat of travelling amid scenes like those of which Mr. Halleck has so vividly depicted in Forest and Stream, after " doing" the Nipigon, St. Ignace and Silver Islet Channels : — " Islands succeed islands in an unbroken continuity hour after hour as we glide ; islands of every conceiv able size and shape, more numerous than the Thousand Islands of the St. Lawrence many times multiplied ; islands barren, wooded, sandy, rocky, columnar, gracefully rounded, precipitous and gently sloping, wind-swept and storm-polished, large, diminu tive, and infinitesimal ; reefs widely spreading and submarine monaliths whose peaks barely project above the surface.

There is a breadth and sweep and never-ending change in the panorama, which is all-absorbing to a mind intent upon the picture. For 150 miles we steam through this island scenery ! In the calm repose of summer's morning, when the waves are stilled and the face of the lake gleams like polished glass, the shadows fall heavily from the indented shores, and every rock and tree is sharply outlined and reproduced inverted in the mirror. Then we seem to float on airy nothing, looking upwards into cloudland and downwards into cloudland, into depths above and below that seem illimitable." Before the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway along the margin of this great fresh water sea, more than one line of large steamers made irregular trips through the main channels above enumerated, landing freight, mails and tourists at the various isolated trading posts.

Since the construc tion of the railway a marvellous change has been effected in the aspect of the north shore generally, and what was formerly but the lonely home of some hardy fisherman, trader or trapper, is to-day a prosperous village or a growing city. Again there is the direct route, traversed only by first-class boats, like the magnificent Clyde-built steel steamers of the Canadian Pacific Railway. This line, like those of the well-known Sarnia and Collingwood upper cabin liners, fearlessly plough their course direct from the St. Mary's ship canal for Port Arthur, and as they frequently run for upwards of 140 miles without sighting land, none but the most prominent headlands become at all conspicu ous. Canadian pacific railway steamship. MAIL STEAMERS. Foremost on the long list of strictly first-class mail and pas senger boats on this route comes the Athabasca and Alberta, of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, fitted up with the modern improvements peculiar to the best class of ocean-going mail boats, including electric lights, and commanded by the veteran upper lake sailors, Captains Anderson and Foote.

Next in order stands the two superb models, Campana and United Empire, both well equipped, and officered by sailors of tried experience ; while in the same class may be enumerated the staunch propellors Ontario and Owen Sound, all active rivals for passenger and general transport business with the above mentioned fleet. Besides the steamers referred to, there are numerous other fine vessels making regular trips to Port Arthur and Duluth, at the head of Lake Superior. RIVERS. Among the principal streams flowing into Lake Superior, the Kaministiqua, as a navigable river, ranks first, and the Nipigon next. Besides these noted streams there are • also the Black Sturgeon, flowing into Black Bay; the Current, McKenzie and Carp flowing into Thunder Bay, — all of which are teeming with fish, and noted in addition for their scenery, including numerous chutes and falls, as the " Shuniah," " Current," (both on Current River) " McKenzie " and " Carp," only a few miles from Port Arthur.