The Historical Register, being a history of the late war with Great Britain and a summary of the proceedings of Congress including a collection of all the state papers and official documents, published during that period, both British and American

Front matter

THE HISTORICAL REGISTER BEING A HISTORY OF THE ilfl WMM wit a GREAT BRITAIN; AND A SUMMARY OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS; INCLlIOING A COLLECTION OF ALL THE STATE PAPERS AND OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS PUBLISHED DURING THAT INTEREST PEEK BOTH BRITISH AND AMERICAN BY THOMAS H. PALMER IN FOUR VOLUME^ VOL. Ill COSTilNING PROCEEDINGS OF COXGKiSS i5(i f PHILADELPHIA PRINTED BY THOMAS H PA CONTENTS. REVIEW OF THE POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES.

CHAPTER V.

— Of the Federal Constitution. {In continuation.) § 1. Command of the army. 2. Military peace establishment. 3. Additional force of 10,000 men. 4. War establishment. 5. The regiment of light artillery. 6. The regiment of dragoons. 7. The artillery corps. 8. The regiments of infantry. 9. The rifle regiments. 10. The general officers. 11. The quarter master general's department. 12. The tonographical department. 13. The adjutant general's and the inspector general's departments. 4. The ordnance department. 15. The purchasing department. 16. The paymaster's department. 17. The hospital department. 18. The judge advocates and the chaplains. 19. The engineer corps. 20. Rank of regiments. 21. Rank of officers. 22 Rules of promotion. 23. Army pay, &c. 24. The militia. 25. Volunteers. 26. Invalid pensioners 1

Chapter I

— § 1. Meeting of congress. 2. President's message. 3. Confidential message. 4. The embargo. 5. Mr. King's resoluti:. 6. Indulgence to embargoed coasters. 7. Exemption in favour of Nantucket. 8. Motions for suspension and repeal of the embargo. 9. Repeal of the restrictive system recommended by the president. 10. Report of the committee of foreign relations. 11. Debate on the repeal of the restrictive systeni. 12. Double duties. 13. Exportation of specie. 14 British licenses. 15. Cuffee's memorial

Chapter II

— § 1. Bill for encouraging enlistments. 2. Debate on its passage. 3. Increase and organization of the army. 4. The militia. 5. Augmentation of the marine corps. 6. Officers in the flotilla. 7. Additional navy pay. 8. Bounty for prisoners. 9. Navy anc1 privateer pensions. 10. Purchase cf the squadron captured on lakt Erie. 11. Tribute to valour. 12. Increase of the navy. 13. Steai i frigates 104 CHAPTER HI. — § 1. Treasury report. 2 Eppes' introductory speech on the loan bill. 3- Pitkin's reply. 4. Arrangement of the debate on the loan bill. 5. Finances of the union. 6. Causes of the war, and justice of its continuance. 7. Naturalization and allegiance. 8. Offensive and defensive war. 9. Rights and duties of opposition. 10. Treasury note bill

Chapter IV

— § 1. Deficit in the revenue. 2. National bank. 3. New taxes. 4 National bank postponed. 5. Assumption of the direct tax. 6. Duty on distilled spirits. 7 . Licenses to retailers. 8. Duty on sales at auction. 9. Compromise of the Yazoo claims. 10. Louisiana land claims. 11. Liquidation of Florida claims. 12. Extension of credit to land purchasers. 13. Organization of New York district court. 14. Payment of money into the courts. 15- Allowance to marshals and district attorneys. 16. Alteration of the judicial system. 17- Residence of the attorney-general. 18. Regulation of the post-office. 19. Trophies of war 192

Chapter V

— § 1. Enquiry into the failure of the campaign. 2. Report of the secretary of war. 3- Motion for a committee of enquiry. 4. Enquiry respecting retaliation. 5. Report of the secretary of state. 6. Resolution respecting the vacancy in the treasury department. 7. Vacancies in the departments. 8. Gore's resolutions. 9. Amendments to the constitution- 10. Hanson's resolutions. 11. Roberts' resolutions. 12. Webster's resolutions 209

Chapter VI

— § 1. Rejection of the Russian mediation. 2. Motion for papers relative to it. 3. Abstract of those documents. 4. Motion for a suspension of military operations. 5. Resignation of the speaker. 6. Relations with France. 7- Organization of the navy department 8. Appropriations. 9. Adjournment of congress 234 STATE PAPERS LAID BEFORE CONGRESS. 13TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION. Message from the president of the United States to both houses of congress at the commencement of the second session of the 13th congress CONTENTS.

V Message from the president of the United States recommending an embargo, Sec. [9 Letter from the commissioner ofthe general land-office, respecting the public lands of the United States [10 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting copies of a letter from the British secretary of state for foreign affairs, to the secretary of state, with the answer of the latter [19 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting information relative to the reception of Mr. Crawford, the minister from the United States to the court of France, by that court, in obedience to a resolution of the llth instant [24 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting a report from the secretary of state, complying with the resolution of the house of representatives of the 12th instant [26 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting a report of the secretary of state, in obedience to a resolution of the 13th instant, " requesting the president to lay before this house such documents relative to the Russian mediation as in his opinion it may not be improper to communicate" [28 Message of the president of the United States, transmitting a letter from the secretary of war, accompanied with sundry documents ; in obedience to a resolution of the 31st of December last, requesting such information as may tend to explain the causes of the failure of the arms of the United States on the northern frontier [39 Correspondence between the secretary of war and major-general Dearborn, &c. [39 Correspondence between the secretary of war and brigadier-general Boyd [73 Letters from the secretary of war to major-general Lewis, commanding at Sackett's Harbour [77 Correspondence between the secretary of war and major-general Harrison . [78 Correspondence with governor Shelby in relation to the north-western campaign [94 Correspondence between the secretary of war and major-general Hampton [96 Correspondence between the secretary of war and major-general Wilkinson [112 Correspondence between the secretary of war and colonel Porter and general M'Clure, &c. [171 Message from the president of the United States, recommending a repeal of the embargo and the restrictive system, so far as relates to nations in amity with the United States ; also recommending measures for the encouragement of American manufactures, and advising the prohibition of the exportation of specie [190 Message from the president of the United States, communicating information touching our relations with France, in compliance with a resolution of the 13th instant [190 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting a report from the acting secretary of the treasury, in compliance with the resolution of the senate of the 13th instant [192 Message from the president of the United States, transmitting a report from the acting secretary of the treasury, in compliance with a resolution of the 31st of December, 1813 VI CONTENTS.

Letter from the secretary of the treasury, transmitting his annual report, prepared in obedience to the act supplementary to the act, entitled " An act to establish the treasury department" [195 Letter from the acting secretary of the treasury, transmitting a statement of the exports of the United States, during the year ending the SOth September, 1813 [2ir

Appendix

. The minister of France to Mr. Robert Smith, secretary of state [229 Report of the secretary of the treasury, on the subject of public roads and canals ; made in pursuance of a resolution of senate of March 2, 1807 REVIEW OF THE POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES. [Continued from vol. 1. p. 45]

CHAPTER V. OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION.

(In Continuation.) § 1. Command of the army. § 2. Military peace establishment. § 3. Additional force of 10,000 men. § 4. War establishment. § 5. The regiment of light artillery. § 6. The regiment of dragoons. § 7. The artillery corps. § 8. The regiments of infantry. § 9. The rifle regiments. § 10. The general officers. § 11. The quarter master general's department. §12. The topographical department. §13. The adjutant general's and the inspector general's department. § 14. The ordnance department. § 15. The purchasing department. § 16. The paymaster's department. § 17. The hospital department. § 18. The judge advocates and the chaplains. § 19. The engineer corps. § 20. Rank of regiments. § 21. Rank of officers. § 22. Rules of promotion. § 23. Army pay, &c. § 24. The militia. § 25. Volunteers. § 26.

Invalid pensioners. § 1. A HE army ofthe United States is placed, by the con stitution, under the command of the president, who is likewise vested by the same instrument with the power of nominating, and by and with the consent of the senate of appointing, all its officers. ty 2. By the act of the 16th of March, 1802, the military peace establishment ofthe United States was ordered to consist of one regiment of artillerists and two regiments of infantry. § 3. On the 12th of April, 1808, an additional force of 10,000 men was ordered to be raised, consisting of five regiments of infantry, one regiment of riflemen, one regiment of light artillery, and one regiment of light dragoons. On the 24th of December, 1811, congress ordered the above military establishment to be immediately completed, and, in or- VOL. III.

B der to facilitate its completion, the bounty was raised from eight to sixteen dollars to each recruit ; and on discharge, each man was to be allowed three months pqy, and a hundred and sixty acres of land ; in case of death in the service, the pay and land to revert to his heirs and representatives. § 4. An additional force of 25,000 men was shortly after or dered to be immediately raised, and the president was authorized, in case of an actual or threatened invasion by the Indians, to raise six companies of rangers — either by the acceptance of volunteers or by enlistment for one year. Each company was to consist of one captain, one first and one second lieutenant, one ensign, four serjeants, four corporals, and sixty privates. These rangers were to be mounted or serve on foot as the ser vice might require, and were to be armed, equipped, and orga nized in such manner as the president might think proper to direct.

The president was likewise authorized to ac cept the services of any volunteer corps that should offer, not exceeding 50,000 men. This great increase of force was preparatory to the declaration of war. In the first session following that event, experience having shown the difficulty of filling the ranks, further inducements were held out, by offering to each recruit, in addi tion to the existing bounty, an advance of S24 on account of his pay. During the same session, an additional force of 20,000 men was authorized to be raised for one year, the recruits to receive a bounty of S 16 each in money, but no land. These inducements, however, proving still insufficient to sill the military establishment, congress, in January, 1814, passed an act offering to each person who should enlist for five years, or during the war, at his election, a bounty of S 124, twenty-four of which to be paid on his discharge ; at the same time the re enlistment of men whose term of service was about to expire was authorized on the same terms.

In the course ofthe same session a number of acts were passed for the increase and better organization of the military estab lishment. The total authorized force at present consists of 1 regiment of light artillery 963 1 do. of dragoons 981 The artillery corps 5940 46 regiments of infantry 50324 4 do. of riflemen 4240 17 companies of rangers 1241 10 do. of sea fencibles* 1070 64,759 men. * For the organization, &c. of the sea fencibles, see vol. 1, p. 155, § 5—11.] POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 3 $ 5. The regiment of light artillery consists of ten troops of 95 men each, including officers, which, including the 13 regimental officers, make an aggregate of 963. § 6. The regiment of dragoons consists of eight troops of 121 each, which, including the regimental officers, make an aggregate of 981 men. $ 7.

The artillery corps consists of 12 battalions, of 495 each. $ 8. Each regiment of infantry consists of 10 companies, of 106 men, making, with the regimental officers, a total of 1094 to each regiment. § 9. Each rifle regiment also contains 10 companies, of 106 men each. Two regiments form a brigade, commanded by a brigadier general, to whom is attached an aid-de-camp and a brigade ma jor. Two brigades form a division, commanded by a major general, with two aids-de-camp ; and, when he commands an army, one adjutant general, one inspector general, one quarter master general, two assistant adjutant generals, two assistant in spector generals, one deputy quarter master general and four assistants, one topographical engineer and one assistant ; beside a chief of each department, as many assistants may be allowed as there are brigades in each separate army.

In the above statement the general staff and the engineer corps are not included, i The general staff consists of §10. I. The general officers. Eight major-generals, and 16 brigadier-generals. $11. II. The quarter master general's department. The principal quarter master general and his clerks, 8 quarter master generals, 8 deputy and 32 assistant deputy quarter master generals, the principal and 16 other waggon masters, the principal forage master and 16 assistants, 4 conductors of artillery, the principal barrack-master and 60 deputies, the superintendant of artificers and 4 assistants, 2 master masons and 24 labourers, 2 master carpenters with 20 house and 5 ship carpenters, 2 master blacksmiths and 20 workmen, 2 master boat-builders and 16 workmen, 2 master armorers and 16 workmen, 2 master sad dlers and 12 workmen, and 2 master harness-makers and 12 workmen.

It is the duty of this department to provide — 1. For the quartering and transporting of troops. 2. For transporting all military stores, camp equipage, and artillery. 3. For opening and repairing roads, and constructing and repairing bridges, which may be necessary to the movement ofthe army, or of any detachment thereof. 4. To receive from the departments of purchase and of ordnance, all clothing, camp equipage, aims, ammunition, and ord nance ; to transport the same to the place of destination, and there to make distribution thereof, agreeably to the direction given to the articles by the commissary general of purchases, and to the orders of the general commanding the district to which they are destined. 5. To provide all forage and fuel for the use of the troops, and have the same transported and issued. 6.

To provide good and sufficient store houses, for provisions deposited under contract between individuals and the govern ment, and to appoint store keepers for the custody of the said provisions, or other articles, the property of the public, which may be pl?.ced there j and to find means of transporting the same, when so required by the engagements of the government. 7. To make half yearly returns, to the secretary of war, of all horses and draft oxen, or horses and oxen on hire, in public service, showing their number, employment, and condition ; and a similar return of all other articles, the property of the public, of which the department may be possessed. 8. To make and transmit to the secretary of war, monthly summary statements of the accounts of the department, and quarterly accounts thereof, agreeably to forms prescribed by the treasury department. 9.

To make out and transmit to the war department, on or before the first day of December in each year, annual estimates of the forage, fuel, straw for bedding, articles of stationary, dragoon and artillery horses, oxen, waggons, and carts for transpor tation of baggage, &c. and of all other articles the furnishing of which appertains to the department. $ 12. III. The topographical department. Eight topographical engineers, and 8 assistant topographical engineers. The duty of this department is to make such surveys, and exhi bit such delineation of these, as the commanding general shall di rect ; to make plans of all military positions (which the armv may occupy) and of their respective vicinities, indicating the various roads, rivers, creeks, ravines, hills, woods, and villages, to be found therein ; to accompany all reconnoitring parties sent out to obtain intelligence of the movements of the enemy, or of his positions, &c. ; to make sketches of their route, accompanied by written notices of every thing worthy of observation thereon ; to keep a journal of every day's movement, when the army is in $13.]

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 5 march, noticing the varieties of ground, of buildings, of culture, and the distances and state of the roads between given points, throughout the march of the day ; and lastly, to exhibit the re lative positions of the contending armies, on fields of battle, and the dispositions made, whether for attack or defence. $13. IV. The adjutant general's and the inspector general's departments. One adjutant and inspector general, 8 adjutant generals, 16 assistant adjutant generals, 8 inspector generals, and 16 assistant inspector generals. The duties of adjutant generals may be comprised under the following heads, viz. : Distribution of orders : Details of service : Instruction of the troops in the manual exercise, and the evo lutions and arrangement of them when brought into action ; and Direction of the military correspondence. 1.

Distribution of orders. The general orders of the day having been received from the commanding general, the adju tant general or his assistant carries them to the office of distribu tion, where they are recorded in a book kept for tb^t purpose, whence they are transcribed by the aids-de-camp of general offi cers, by majors of brigade, by the adjutants of all separate corps less than brigades, by a deputy or assistant deputy quartermas ter general, by an hospital surgeon, or an hospital surgeon's mate, detailed for that duty by the senior surgeon, and some commissioned officer from each corps of engineers ; and when so transcribed, they are carried to the corps to which these offi cers respectively belong, and there promulgated, under the or ders of the officers commanding the corps, and become to them a rule of conduct. 2.

Details of service. These are made agreeably to prescribed rules, and the usage of war. 3. Instruction of the troops. This is governed by circum stances, as to time, place, and frequency ; of which the com manding general is the judge. 4. Military correspondence. Reports of services performed, and demands for courts of inquiry, or courts martial, are made to the adjutant general. All returns intended to exhibit the strength of corps, and accounting for the absent non-commissioned officers, musicians, and privates ; reports of the hospital' and of the quartermaster's departments ; and of ordnance and ordnance stores attached to the army ; are also addressed to the adjutant general ; out of which he forms a general return, which is transmitted monthly, for the information of the war department : those transmitted for the months of June and December, are accompanied with a list of the officers serving in any garri son or corps ofthe district or army so returned, specifying their names, rank, and places of station.

Returns of ordnance and ordnance stores, are made agreeably to forms prescribed by the commissary general of ordnance. The duties of inspector generals may be divided under the following heads, viz. : Mustering and inspecting troops of the line, and militia de tachments serving with them : Selecting places of encampment, and posting guards : Superintending the police of the camp and ofthe march : Inspecting parades ; and Making half yearly confidential reports to the war depart ment, ofthe state ofthe army, division, or detachment to which they belong. § 14. V. The ordnance department. The commissary gene ral and the assistant commissary general of ordnance, 9 deputy and 16 assistant deputy commissaries, 3 master wheel-wrights, 3 master carriage-makers, 3 master blacksmiths, and 120 artificers, viz. 40 wheel-wrights, 40 carriage-makers, and 40 blacksmiths.

This department is charged with the making, in the laborato ries of the United States, all gun-carriages, ammunition waggons, travelling forges, and every other apparatus for the artillery, and with the preparing all kinds of ammunition for garri son and field service. It is likewise charged with the inspection of powder, cannon, shot, and other ordnance stores, made under contract with the United States ; with the distribution of ordnance ; and with the preservation and safe keeping of all ord nance stores. $ 15. VI. The purchasing department. The commissary general, 10 deputy commissaries, 6 assistant commissaries, and 17 military store keepers. The commissary general of this department and his deputies purchase, upon the orders and estimates of the war department, all ordnance, ordnance stores, laboratory utensils, artificers' tools, artillery carriages, ammunition waggons, timber and other mate rials for making and repairing these ; artillery harness, ammunition, small wms, accoutrements, and equipments ; clothing, dragoon saddles and bridles ; tent poles, camp kettles, mess pans, bed-sacks, medicines, surgical instruments, hospital stores, and all other articles required for the public service of the army of the United States, excepting only, such as are directed to be purchased by the quarter master general's department.

The ar- § 16, 17.] POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 7 tides so purchased, are delivered over, by the commissary ge neral or by his deputies, to an officer of the quarter master gene ral's department, for transportation to the places of their desti nation and use. $16. VII. Paymaster's department. The paymaster of the army, 8 deputy paymaster generals, 3 assistant do., 30 district and 2 assistant paymasters. $ 17. VIII. The hospital department. The physician and surgeon general, the apothecary general and his assistants, 20 hospital surgeons and 2 mates to each, 20 stewards, 20 ward masters, 2 surgeons, and 31 surgeon's mates. It is the duty of the physician and surgeon general to prescribe rules for the government of the hospitals of the army ; to see these enforced ; to appoint stewards and nurses ; to call for and receive returns of medicines, surgical instruments, and hos pital stores ; to authorize and regulate the supply of regimental medicine chests ; to make out general half yearly returns of these, and of the sick (in hospitals) to the war department, and yearly estimates of what may be wanted for the supply of the army.

The apothecary general assists the physician and sur geon general in the discharge of the above mentioned duties, and receives and obeys his orders in relation thereto. The apothecary general and his assistants receive and take charge of all hospital stores, medicines, surgical instruments, and dressings, bought by the commissary general of purchases or his deputies, and account to the superintendant general of military supplies for all expenditures of the same. — It is the further duty of the apothecary general and his assistants to pav (monthly) the wages ofthe stewards, ward masters, and nurses of the hospital, the accounts being duly certified by the senior surgeon present, and settled quarterly. They also compound and prepare all officinals, and put up and issue medicines, &c. in chests, or otherwise, conformably to the direction of the physician and surgeon general, or on the estimates and requisitions of the senior surgeons of hospitals, and of the regimental sur geons.

Returns are made to the apothecary general's office, quarterly, by the deputy apothecaries, surgeons, and mates, or any one having charge of instruments, medicine, hospital stores, and hospital equipments of any description. The forms of these re turns are regulated by the apothecary general, under the direction of the superintendant general of military supplies, to whom one copy ofthe returns is sent. The senior hospital surgeon is ex officio the director of the medical staff in the army or district to which he is attached. — He must reside at or near head-quarters, countersign all requisitions of regimental surgeons or mates on the apothecary general or his assistants, inspect the hospitals under his direction, correct abuses, and report delinquencies. It is his duty to make quarterly reports to the physician and surgeon general of the sick and wounded in the hospital to which he is attached, and ofthe medicines, instruments, and hospital stores, received, expended, on hand, and wanted, on the 1st of January, April, July, and October, of each year.

He must also keep a diary of the weather, together with an account of the medical topography of the country in which he serves, and report to the commanding officer every circumstance tending to restore or preserve the health of the troops. It is the duty of hospital surgeons, or others acting in that capacity, to superintend every thing that relates to the hospital, as to its construction, its government, and its police. To order the steward to furnish whatever may be necessary or convenient for the sick. To visit the sick and wounded in the hospital every morning, and in the evening require from the resident mate a report of all alterations that may have occurred since the morning prescriptions. To prescribe on a blotter for the instruction and convenience of the mate. To have the police rules of the hospital printed or written in a legible hand, and hung up in each ward, and to assign appropriate wards to the patients, according to their respective diseases.

To keep a register of all patients admitted into the hospital, wherein shall be specified the name, rank, regiment, company, disease, dates of admission, discharge, desertion, or death ; and also to keep a case book, in which shall be recorded the history of every important or interesting case of disease. The general result or outlines of the case book, as well as an account of medicines, instruments, hospital stores, furniture, &c. received, on hand, and wanted, must be reported monthly. It is the duty of the mates to attend at the hour appointed by the surgeon, to visit the patients with him, and note his prescrip tions. Each mate must keep a case book similar to the one prescribed for the surgeon. They must also attend to the administering the prescriptions of the surgeon, dress all wounds and ulcers, enforce the established discipline of the hospital, and re port to the proper officers all delinquencies.

One of the mates at least, must remain constantly within call of the hospital. The medicine and instruments are under the immediate care of the mates. It is the duty of the steward, under the direction of the sur geon, to provide for the hospital, to receive and take charge of all hospitaj stores, furniture, utensils, &c. to keep an accurate $ 18,19.] POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. 9 account os all issues, and specify not only for whom, but by whom, ordered ; the surgeon's certificate to be his voucher. The steward is responsible to the apothecary general, or his as sistant, for the faithful discharge of his office. The ward master is under the direction of the steward. He receives the arms, accoutrements, and clothing of every patient admitted into the hospital. He sees that the clothes are imme diately washed, numbered, and labelled with the name, regiment, and company of the patient, and put away in a place provided for that purpose ; and if the arms and accoutrements are not brought with the patient, he must so report.

He is responsible for the cleanliness of the patients and the wards, and must call the roll every morning and evening, and report all absentees. He must be particularly careful in the proper construction of the close stools, and see that they have always a proper quantity of water or charcoal in them, and that they are cleansed at least three limes a day. He must see that the beds and bed-clothes are properly aired and exposed every fair day to the sun, that the straw in each bed-sack is changed at least once in every month, and that each patient is washed and his hair combed every morning. When a patient has died, or been discharged, he must see that the bed and bed-clothes are properly cleaned, and the straw burned, and that the nurses and attendants are kind and attentive to the sick and wounded.

All the attendants are under his immediate direction, and he is responsible for the faithful performance ofthe duties assigned them*. $18. IX. The judge advocates and the chaplains. A judge advocate to each division, of which there are eight, and a chaplain to each brigade, of which there are sixteen in the army. $ 19. The engineer corps was first instituted in 1802. This corps constitutes a military academy, which is stationed at West Point, in the state of New York ; but all the members of the corps are subject, at all times, to do duty in such places, and on such service, as the president ofthe United States shall direct. The corps, when complete, consists of a colonel, a lieutenant colonel, 2 majors, 6 captains, 6 first and 6 second lieutenants, a paymaster, 4 serjeants, 4 corporals, a teacher of music and 8 musicians, 20 artificers, and 80 bombardiers, making an aggregate of 140 men.

The number of cadets or pupils authorized is 250. The number on the first of June, 1814, was 164. * Besides the general hospitals, there is attached to each regiment a regimental hospital, or infirmary, which is under the care of the regimental surgeon and his mates, who are empowered to send the wounded and chronic cases to the general hospital, and all the sick, in the event of their being ordered to be left behind on a march. VOL. III. C It must be observed that the above statement of the regular military establishment of the United States is the authorized, and not the real existing force. Such is the facility of earning a subsistence in this country, that the ranks of the army are but slowly filling up, notwithstanding the very great inducements held out to recruits. . § 20. The rank of the regiments in the service of the United States is as follows : 1st. The light artillery. 2d. The light dragoons. 3d. The foot artillery. 4th.