A Journey through Albania and other provinces of Turkey in Europe and Asia, to Constantinople, during the years 1809 and 1810

Front matter

mei&po^iej ui won. A JOURNEY THROUGH ALBANIA, AND OTHER PROVINCES OF TURKEY IN EUROPE AND ASIA, TO CONSTANTINOPLE, DURING THE YEARS 1809 and 1810. BY J. C. HOBHOUSE. LONDON: PRINTED FOR JAMES CAWTHORN, cockspur street; and sold by sharpk and hailes, piccadilly; bell and bradfute, edinburgh; and n. mahon, dublin. 1813. J.olylon: Printed by B. M'Millan, 1 Bow sued, Covcnt Garden. \

ADVERTISEMENT.

. These Letters were prepared for publication under certain disadvantages, the mention of which will not be obtruded upon the Public, except so far as it may seem require W account, in some measure, for the large and important contents of the Errata page, and for other appearances of neglect. The sheets of the Albanian part of the Tour were com posed and printed when the Writer was absent from England, and had it not in his power to correct his notions and increase his knowledge, by com municating with intelligent friends and consulting extensive libraries : the remaining part of the Jour ney was sent page by page to the press, and not previously collected in one entire manuscript volume, so as to enable the Author to revise and polish the a

Letter II

Prevesa — a Description of that Town — The Mouth of the Gulf of Arta — Actium — Short Description and Account of Prevesa — and of the Battle which placed the Town in the hands of the Turks, „. 12

Route from Arta to the Han of St. Dimetre — From St. Dimetre to Ioannina — First View, and Entry into that City — Reception of Travellers, ,...„ 45

Letter VI

Visit to the Grandsons of Ali — Manners of the Young Mahometans — View of the Neighbourhood of Ioannina — The Lake — Mount Tomarus — The Mountains of Sagori — the Route across them — Mount Pindus — Route across it to Larissa — Dodona— The Plains of Ioannina— The Amphitheatre of Chercovista, ,.„..,., ...,.,...., , .......I............ 55. CONTENTS.

Letter VII

Ioannina — the Houses — the Palaces of the Vizier — Summer Pavilion— Population of the City — The Trade — Annual Fair — Exports and Imports, page 67

Letter VIII

The Turkish Ramazan — Preparations for Travelling — Greek Peasantry — Route from Ioannina to Zitza — Thunder Storm — The Monastery of Zitza— View from it— Inhabitants of Zitza— their Misery, a 76

Letter IX

Route from Zitza — River Calamas— Village of Mosure — Delvinaki — Route from Butrinto to Delvinaki — Flocks of Goats — Albanian Wine — Route by the Plain of Argyro-castro to Libokavo — Upper Albania — Turkish Meats ■■ — Libokavo — Argyro-castro — Short Account of that City, 86

Letter X

Route from Libokavo to Cesarades — Women at tbe Fountains — Route to Ereeneed — The Passes of Antigonia, called Stena — The Aiius River — Route to Tepellene, along the Banks of the River — Arrival at Tepellene, and at Ali Pasha's Palace— Appearance of the Attendants — Prayers of the Turks — The Chanter of the Mosck, 98

Letter XI

Visit to Ali Pasha — His Appearance — Manners — Short Conversation— Second Interview with Ali — Present from Buonaparte to that Pasha — A Palæo-castro, or Ruin near Tepellene — Last Audience of Ali — His Affability to his Soldiers — His Rise and Progress — The Difficulties he had to encounter — His vigorous Measures — Administration, and present Extent of his Dominions — Offered to be made a King by Napoleon — His supposed Revenues — His Disposition — Story of Zofreni — His Amusements and Morals — His want of Education, 109

Letter XII

Albania— Perpetual Barbarity of its Inhabitants— Early Settlement of the Scythians in that Country— In subjection to the Kings of Bulgaria— to the Emperors of the East— Uncertain Date of the Name Albania— Its Revolutions CONTENTS. — Governed by Despots — Invaded by the Catalans— Disunited — Scanderbeg — Exaggeration of his Merits — Ottoman Conquest of the Country— Establishment of the Venetians on the Coast — Variety of Nations — The Albanians — their Origin — Asiatic Albanians — Shape and Face of the Albanians — their Dress — their Arms — their Filth — Dress of their Women — their Villages — their Food — their Disposition and Manners, page 125

LETTER XIIL

Continuation of the Manners of the Albanians — Expression of their Meaning by Signs — their Liveliness — Passionate Temper — their Education — their Language — their Morals — Religion — their Nationality — their love of Arms — The Albanian Robbers — their Way of Life — and Mode of Attack — their Surgeons — The Albanian Dances — Albanians in Foreign Service — in Egypt — Italy — the Morea — under Mustapha Cairactar — Albanian Settlers — in different Parts of the Levant — and in Calabria, 112

Letter XIV

Different Governments in Albania — The different Districts — Arta — Toannina — Sagori — the Pashalik of Ocrida — Course of the River Drin — The Scene of Scanderbeg's Battles — The Pashalik of Scutari — Antivari — Dulcigno — Lyssa — Durazzo — Berat, or Amaut Beligrat — Ruins of Apollonia — The Pashalik and Town of Vallona — The Acroceraunians — Chimera — Manners of the Chimeriotes — Butrinto — Ruins of Buthrotum — Philathi — The River Thyamis — Margiriti — The Town of Parga — The Glykyslimen, or Port of Sweet Waters — Acherusian Lake — Ancient Geography of the Coast — Length of Epirus— Sulli — Route from Ioannina to that Place — Paramithi — Position and Extent of the Mountains of Sulli — The Villages of Sulli — Wars of the Sulliotes with Ali Pasha — their present Condition — Loru — Population of Albania — Climate and Temperature — Tepellene, 159

Letter XV

Departure from Tepellene — Return to Ioannina — A Marriage Procession — A Turkish Puppet-Show — Ancient Coins to be met with at Ioannina — Final Departure from that City — Return to Prevesa — Disaster at Sea — Land on the Coast of Sulli — View of that Town and District, at Volondorako — Route b X CONTENTS. from Volondorako to Castropshcca— to Prevesa— Sail doAvn the Gulf of Aria —Vonitza— Utraikee — Ancient Measurement of the Gulf, page 180

Letter XVI

Utraikee— Night Scene at that Phice— Route through Carnia— to Catoona— to Makala— Prospects from the Hills of tbe River Aspro or Acheloiis — and of the Lake Nizeros— Ancient Remains at Aeto and at Ligustovichi — Route continued — to Prodromo — Passage of the Acheloiis — Arrival at Gouria — Route over the Paracheloitis— to Natolico — Another Route from Arta to Natolico — Boundary of Carnia — Former Inhabitants — Ancient Geography — Present State — Ruins at Teeserenes — The Shallows of Messalonge and Natolico — The Fishery — Conjecture as to the Formation of the Shallows — The Town and Inhabitants of Messalonge — The District of Xeromeros, orÆtolia — Town °f Ivoria — River Fidari, or Evenns — Ruins of Calydon — Rocks of Chalcis and Tappiasus — Passage to Patrass, 195

Letter XVII

Patrass — Its Situation — Insalubrity — Ancient State — Destruction in 1770 — Present Stale — Trade — Exports of the Morea — Consuls at Patrass — Greek Light Infantry — English Regiment — The River Leucate — Departure from Patrass — The Castles of the Morea and Roumelia — Cape Rhium— Lepanto-^Route to Vostizza — Ancient Positions — Vostizza — A Greek Codja-bashee, or Elder — Coursing in the Morea — River Selinus— Ægium — The Plane-Tree — Veli Pasha — Population pf the Morea — Digression concerning the Mainotes, 212

Letter XVIII

Distance from Patrass to Corinth — and to Athens — Passage across the Gulf of Lepanto to the Scale of Salona — Circumference of the Corinthian Gulf — Galaxcithi — Evanthc — Route to Crisso — Salona — View at the Foot of Mount Liakura, or Parnassus — Crisso— Site of Crissa, or Cirrha — Visit to the Ruins of Delphi — Castalia— Treasures of Delphi — The Brazen Serpent at Constantinople — Parnassus— Ascent to the Summit of it impracticable — Route from Crisso towards Livadia — to Arakova on Parnassus — The Road Schiste — The Three Roads — Distomo — Asprospitia — Monastery of St. Luke of Stiris — Arrival at Livadia, 238. CONTENTS. XI

Letter XIX

Livadia — The Archon Logotheti — Rate of Living in Roumclia — Imitation of European Manners — The Cave of Trophonius — the present Appearance of the Entrance to it — Ruins of a Castle built by the Catalans — The Settlement of the Catalans in Greece — Little Impression left by the Franks on the Manners of the Greeks — Visit to Caperna — Ruins of Chæronea — The Plain — Departure from Livadia — Visit to Scripoo — the Site of Orchomenos— The Treasury of Minyas — The Lake Copais — The Village of Mazee — Arrival at Thebes; — View of the Theban Territory — Difficulties attending a just Description of Modern Greece — The Measurement of Stadia — Diminutiveness of the Country, , page 260

Letter XX

Thebes — its Modern Insignificance — The Town — The Fountain Dirce — The Ruins of Pindar's House — The Ismenus — The Fountain of Mars — Tomb of St. Luke of Stiris — An Inscription — Departure from Thebes — Route towards Athens — The Village Scourta — Passage of Mount Parnes — Ruins of Phyle— Prospect of Athens — Town of Casha — Entrance into the Plain of Athens — Arrival at Athens, „ „... 276

Letter XXI

Athens — its Situation — Appearance — Present Inhabitants — Short Notice of its Modern History, 289

Letter XXII

Antiquities of Athens — Temple of Theseus— Areopagus — Pnyx Museum— Monument of Philopappus — Odeum — Theatre of Bacchus— River Ilissus— Adrian's Temple — Callirhoe — Stadium of Atticus Herodes — Adrian's Arch and Aqueduct — Monument of Lysicrates — Monument of Andronicus Chyrrestes — The Doric Portico — Many smaller Remains, 308

Letter XXIII

Ascent to the Acropolis — The Pelasgicon — The Cave of Apollo and Pan— The Entrance of the Citadel — The Propylæa— The Parthenon— The Erectheum D2 CONTENTS. A Note on Lord Elgin's Pursuits in Greece — The Modern Citadel — The Turkish Garrison, .,.,. page 335

Letter XXIV

The Vicinity of Athens — Climate in Winter — The Gardens— The Olive Groves — Method of Watering them — The Site of the Academy — Route to the Piræus — The Munychian Promontory — Country immediately to the South of Athens, 353

Letter XXV

Route from Athens to Eleusis — Daphne-vouni— Casha-vouni — The Monastery of Daphne — The Rhiti — The Thriasian Plain — Eleusis — Ruins — .The Cambridge Ceres — Route from Athens to Salamis — The Throne of Xerxes — View from Corydallus — Salamis or Colouri — Ampelaki — Colouri — Greek Islanders, 369

Letter XXVI

The Eastern Side of Athens — Hymettus — Ascent to the Monastery of St. Cyriani, on that Mountain — The Sacred Spring — Route to Mount Pentelicus— Angele-Kipos — Callandri — The Monastery on Pentelicus — The Marble Quarries — Return by another Route — Remains of the Aqueduct, 387

Letter XXVII

Route from Athens to Cape Colonni — Vary — The Paneum — Nympholepsy — Ennea Pyrgæ — Keratea — The Caverns in Mount Parne— Route to Colonni — Return by the Eastern Shore of Attica, to Keratea, 400

Letter XXVIII

Route from Keratea to Port Raphti — that Port described — Route from Raphti, through Kata-Vraona and Apano-Vraona, and by Caliva Spatha, to the Plain of Marathon — View of the Plain — Battle of Marathon — Route from the Plain to Athens— The Cave of Pan — Stamati— Cevrishia, 423

Letter XXIX

Route from Athens to the Negroponte — Villages in the North of Attica Koukouvaones — Charootika — Menithi — Tatoe — The Site of Decelea Agios Ma- CONTENTS. XIII curius — Route across the Plains of Tanagra — Over the Asopus to Scimitari — From that Village to the Strait of the Negroponte, by Vathi — The Town of Negroponte — Visit to the Pasha — Stories relative to the Euripus — Return to Scimitari — Route from Scimitari to the Monastery of St. Meliteus on Cithæron, page 439

Letter XXX

Route from St. Meletius to the Ruins of Platæa, at Cockli — Gifto-Castro — Œnoe — Puss of Cithæron — Parasopia — The Positions of the Armies at the Battle of Platæa — Doubts respecting the Numbers who fought against the Greeks — Route from St. Meletius to Megara — by Koundouri— Pass in the Mountains — Arrival at Megara — The Derveni Choria — The Town and Inhabitants of Megara — Return by Eleusis to Athens— General View of the District of Attica, and of the Peasants settled in the Villages, 468

Letter XXXI

Shape and Make of the Modern Greeks — The Women — Their want of Beauty — Painting — Dress of the Men — and of the Women — Their Manners — A Betrothing — A Marriage — their Dance — Songs, &c. — Genius — Morals — Superstitions — The Evil Eye — Conformity of Practice between Greeks and Turks — Manners of the Men — Influence of Money — Behaviour to Inferiors — Ostentation — Princes of tbe Fanal — Waiwodes of Moldavia and Wallachia — Codja-bashees, - 494

Letter XXXII

Religion of the Greeks — Ceremonies and Customs of their Superstition — Festivals — Funerals — A Mahometan Funeral — Greek Cemeteries — Priests — Monks of the Order of St. Basil — Their Monasteries — The Seculars — Instances of the Superstition of the Greeks — Notion entertained of the English by Greeks and Turks — The Patriarchate of Constantinople — The Arts — Medicine — Physicians— Exorcisms— The Plague— Use of the Hot Balh, 519

Letter XXXIII

, The Literature of the Modern Greeks — Their Share in the Revival of Literature in the West— The Romaic Pronunciation — The Romaic, or Modern CONTENTS. XIV Greek— its Date and Origin enquired into— Latter Greek Writers— Present state of Learning in Greece, &c. &c » page 540

Letter XXXIV

Patriotism of the Greeks — Their ardent Desire of Emancipation— War- Song— The Object of their Wishes— Attachment to Russia — Views directed towards France— Their Notions of England— Chance of Emancipation-^-lmportance of their Marine— Short Remarks on the Political Conduct of the English iu the Levant, 581

Letter XXXV

Departure from Athens — Passage to Smyrna — Entrance into the Gulf of Smyrna — The Promontory Melæna — The South Side of the Gulf — Clazomene — Sangiak-Bornou — The Shoals in the Gulf caused by the Hermus — Arrival at Smyrna^Descrtplion of the City — The Frank Quarter — The Frank Society — The Consuls in fflie Levant— The Greeks of Smyrna— The Armenians and Jews— The Buildings— The Burying-G rounds— The Castle— The Shut-Port — The Hospital— Description of an Idiot — The English Hospital, 608

Letter XXXVI

The Musselim's Summer Residence — Fruits— Sherbet? — Fish — Meats — The Inner Bay — The Flat near Smyrna— Game of the Djerid — Horses of the Turks — The Meles — Caravan Bridge — Homer's Cave — The Site of the Æolian Smyrna — The Road to Bournabat — that Village described — The Storks: — The Village of Boudjah^The Plague— The Climate— Cranes— Chameleons — Lizards, .« * 629

Letter XXXVII

A Journey to Ephesus — Tbe Route — The Han at Tourbali— A Dervish Metropolis — The Coffee Shed near Osebanar — Ttircomans' Tents — The Plain of the Cayster— The Ferry— Arrival at Aiasaluk— The Han— The Ruins— Desolation of this Spot — The Site and Remains of Ephesus — The Temple of Diana — Return to Smyrna, , ,i 64Q CONTENTS. XV

Letter Xxxviii

Departure from Smyrna — The Coast of Asia — Cape Baba — Yughlan Bornou— The Vale of Nesrah-Keui — Liman-Tepe— Cape of Troas — Vale of Ghicle — Stamboul Douk— Koum Bornou — Land in Tenedos — The Port — The Town — The Castle — The Wine—^Importance of the Island— Visit to the Ruins of Alexandria Troas — Granite Cannon-Bails — Dilapidation of Troas — The Sepulchre called Sarcophagus — The Baths-^Effects. of the late Earthquake- Site of the Town — Hot Baths of Lidgah Hammam — Port of Troas — Country near Troas — Conjectures of Travellers, , page 669

Letter XXXIX

Frigate anchors off Sigeum— The Troad of Strabo — Ilium — its History — Not Troy — nor on the Site of it — No Vestiges of Troy ever seen— rModern Travellers — No pretended Discovery, of the Site unlil the time of Le Chevalier — Description of the Coast from Stamboul Douk to Cape Janissary — Yeni- Keui — Beshik-Tepe — Elles-Bournou — Mouth of the Dardanelles — Ancient Geography of the Coast — Amnis Navigabilis of Pliny — Sigean Promontory —Giaur-Keui — Sigean Marbles — Sigeum — Eleus — Elles Baba-Tepe — The Protesileum — Koum-Kale — Mouth of the Mendete River — The Thymbrek River — In-Tepe Gheulu — Valley of Thynibrek-Dere— Marshes of the Plam — Rivulet of Bournabashi — Udjek-Tepe — Bournabashi— Course of the Mendere — Callifatli Village and Brook— Banks of the Mendere, 689,

Letter XL

Borrows — Short Account of those ancient Mounts — Probably not all of them actual Sepulchres — Barrows of Celtic or Scythian Origin — as well in Phrygia as in Britain — The Phrygian Barrows appropriated by the Greeks— Barrow-Burial adopted by the Greeks, but not prevalent in the later periods of their History — The present Barrows of the Troad-^Liman-Tepe, Siambonl-Douk, Eeshik-Tepe, Udjek-Tepe, &c. not mentioned in Strabo — Supposed Tomb of Achilles — Account of its Excavation by De Choiseul Gouffier — Absolute uncertainty respecting the real Monument — Arbitrary adoption of Names for the other Barrows — In-Tepe possibly the Æanteum — Rhœtuan Promontory, .... CONTENTS. XVI

Letter XLI

The supposed Port of Agamemnon's Fleet — The Naval Station of the Greeks — > The Mouth of the Scamander — The Site of Ilium — The Confluence of the Simois and Scamander not precisely known — Streams falling into the Mendere— The Thymbrek— The Water of Callifatli anc'. Atche Keui, and the Bournabashi Rivulet — Mr. Le Chevalier's Pseudo- Xanthus— The Identity of the Mendere aud she Scamarrle.: of Strabo — The ancient Confluence of (he Tbymbru's and Scrmander — The Thymb ek not conesponding with the former, but answering better to the Simois— Uncertainly respecting that River— Palaio-Callifatli, possibly the Position of Ilium — Site of the lliean Village — Not at Ha"i!-EI!y, but peihaps al or near Tchiblrl: — Remains on a neighbouring Mou it— The Ca i-Colone of Strabo— The Vale and Brook of Atche- Keui— The latter conjectured to be the River Thymbrius — The Erineus, the Tomb of Æsyetes, Batieia, the Tomb of llus not now to be discovered— Udjek-Tepe not the Tomb of Æsyetes, as described by Strabo — Note on the Homeric Throsmos— Bournabashi — Tepid Sources of Ihe Bournabashi Rivulet — Errors respecting them — Ba^'-Dahi — The Pergamus of Mr. Le Chevalier — Unfounded Conjectures respecting the Tomb of Hector, and the Remains on Balli-Dahi, ...* pno-e 742

Letter XLII

The District of the Troad— Ene— Eski-Scupthu— Eairam-itche— Kas-daghy, the Cotylus of Ida— Argument against the identity of that Summit with the Homeric Gargarus— and against that of Rhœteum and Sigeum with the Promontories bounding the Grecian Camp, mentioned in Ihe Iliad The Authority of Virgil quoted— The Homeric Troy in front of Tenedos— The Geographical Plain of Troy probably not that of the Iliad — Thellomeiic Landmarks invented by the Greeks after the Age of ihe Poet— No inference (o be drawn from casual Resemblances between Ihe Descriptions of them and the actual Landscape near (he Banks of the Mendere — The endeavours of Writers to adjint the Poeiical io the present Positions, entirely unsuccessful Mr. Pope's Map, rnd the unaccountable Remarks upon il by Mr. Le Chevalier Conclusion of Observations on the Tropd, with an Enquiry into the Limits of (he aucient Hellespont, ~qq CONTENTS. XVII

Letter XLIII

The Frigate leaves Cape Janissary — Sails into the Mouth of the Straits — The Port of Eleus — Cape Berbieri — An English Country-House in the Chersonese — Attempt to pass the Dardanelles— Anchor in the Bay below- Chanak-Kalessi — The old Castles of Roumelia and Natolia — The Town of the Dardanelles — A remarkable Superstition — Nagara-Bornou — The Bridge of Xerxes — Abydus and Sestos — Swimming across the Hellespont — The Current— The Frigate passes (he Dardanelles — The Passage of the English Fleet in J807 — Ak-Bashi Liman — Zemenic — The Practius and Percotas — Ægos-Potamos — Note on the Meteoric Stone — Lampsacus — Gallipoli — The Island of Marmora — Approach to Constantinople — Anchor under the Walls, .... page 798

Letter XLIV

Difficulty of obtaining Information concerning the Turks, even in Constantinople — Separation of the City and the Suburbs — Foreign Missions at Pera — Departure from the Frigate — Land at Tophana — Ascent to Pera — Dogs — The Hotel — City Watchmen — Police of Pera — The Custom of parading the Streets incognito — Palaces of Ambassadors — Inglese Sarai — The Armenian Cemetery — The Amusements there — Customs called Oriental — in great measure those of the Ancient World — Seclusion and Treatment of Women— Coincidence of Turkish Manners with those of the Byzantine Greeks — Principal Difference between Ancient and Modern Manners — State of Turkish Women — Female Slaves, or Odalisques, of the Imperial Harem, 821

Letter XLV

The Valley of Sweet Waters — The Plain of the Barbysses — The Woods and Village of Belgrade — Road to Buyuk-dere — The Thracian Banks of the Bosporus — The Town and Meadow of Buyuk-dere — The European Side of the Canal to Fanaraki — The Cyanean Isles, and Ancient Altar — The Asiatic Shores of the Bosporus — The New Castles — TheHieron — Giant's Mountain — The Shore to Scutari — Bourgaloue — Fanar-Baktchessi— Kaddi-Keui on the Site of Chalcedon — Kis-Kalesi, or Leander's Tower, 857 c CONTENTS.

Letter XLVI

Galata — The Tabagies, or Wine-houses — Vamakis, or Dancing Boys— The Tower of Anastatius — Conflagrations — The Size of Constantinople — Population — Jews — Armenians, page 883

Letter XLVII

Ters-Hane — The Harbour and Docks — Visit to the Capudan-Pasha at Divan- Hane — Executions — Visit to the Ters-Hane-Emini — The Sultan's Cypher — Russian Prisoners — Visit to the Capudan-Paslm's Ship, the Sultan Selim — The Turkish Navy — Martial Music — Gratitude of the Turks — and other amiable Traits of their Character — A Notice of some Points relative to the Mahometan Religion, and to its Ministers — The Mevlevi and Cadri — The Turning and Howling Dervishes, 901

Letter XLVIII

Excursion to Constantinople — The Wall on the Land Side of the City — The Miracle of Baloucli — The Seven Towers — The Coffee-Houses near Yeni- Kapoussi — The Meddahs, or Tale-Tellers — Teriakis, or Opium-Eaters — Koum-Kapoussi — Kebab — Balik-Hane — Execution of Viziers — The Kiosks under the Walls— Battery and Boat-Houses of the Seraglio, 935

Letter XLIX

The Atmeidan — Antiquities of the Hippodrome — Theodosian Obelisk — The Colossus Structilis — The Delphic Serpentine Column — The Burnt Pillar — Note on the Historical Column — Three other Columns — The Ancient Cisterns — The Aqueduct of Valens— The Fountains and Baths — The Hans — Encouragement of Commerce in the East — Bezesteins and Bazars of Constantinople, 950 LETTEM L. The Dgiamissi Selatyn, or Royal Moscks — St. Sophia— The Mosck of Sultan Achmet — Little St. Sophia — Nourri Osmanie — The Tomb of Constantine and Prediction of the Fall of the Ottoman Empire — Suleymanie — Other Moscks and Public Buildings, „ CONTENTS. XIX

Letter LI

The Ambassador's Audience of the Caimacam — The Ottoman Grandees — Audience of the Grand Signior — The Janissaries — The Nizam-Djedid, or New Institution — Short Account of the Three Revolutions which dethroned the late Sultans Selim and Mustapha, and destroyed the Grand Vizier Ba racter — The Conclusion, page 983 APPENDIX, Containing — Inscriptions at Chæronea, 1049 — Inscriptions at Orchomenos, 1050 — Inscriptions in the Church of St. George, at Talandios in Bœotia, 1051 — Explanation of the Inscriptions from the Paneum, at Vary, 1051 — Romaic Pronunciation, 1054 — Ecclesiastical Greek, 1068 — Romaic: The History of the First Old Man and the Stag, 1071— Specimen of a Romaic Romance, entitled, Unfortunate Love, &c. 1075 — Romaic Echo Song, 1079— The Speech of Phormio, from the Romaic Thucydides, 1081 — Academie lonienne, Prix Olympiadiques, 1099 — Expedition to the Dardanelles, 1111 — Albanian Language, 1123 — Fac-simile of a Letter from Ali Pasha, 1151 — Fac-simile, 1152 —Greek Music, 1153.

ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS Page 377,/or Diana, Propylæa, read Diana Propylæa. 378, for traverse transversely, read traverte them transversely. 384, for finds, read find. 387, for Telovouni, read Trelovouni. 390, for with the small, read with small. 392, for Venus, in the gardens, read Venus in the gardens. 394, for is, read ate. 405, for natural, read human. 426, for and striking into, read which is in. 434, for on this side, read in the same quarter ; and on one side, read on one slope. 438, dele the comma after before stated. 440, for a third longer, read a third part longer. 451, for zeqin, readzequin. 4S1, for must always, aud has given, read must always give and has given. 488 and 493, Deipnosophist, read Deipnosophists. 492, for Porphrogenitus, read Porphj-rogenitus. 526, for ayioj opo;, read ay tw opo;. 527, for was, read were. 534, for aqueducts built, read aqueducts originally built. 538, for oivov, read otvoe. 541, for Fileffo, read Filelfo. 555, for Philephus, read, in iivo places, Philelphus ; and in note, for Philephi, read Philelphi. 606, for and agentem, read ex. agentem. 623, for renders, read render. 683, dele the reference to Homer, note \. 729, the note, lib. v. cap. 30, p. 78, edit.

Pans, should have been put to the preceding note. 779, for introduced their, read introduced other. Page 3, for way, read weigh. 4, for Tottaco, read Iottaco. 8, put the reference to place, jWmj/o/Vo America. 10, for Guevini, read Guerini. IT, for Ario, readAzio. 18, for the Venetian Doria, read the Venetians and Doria. 20, for Poukeville, read Pouqueville, here and in every other place. 25, for dei, read dai. 21, for A siatic, read Asiatic. 43, for Charadnis, read Charadrus. 48, forknn, in this place and elsewhere, readXe-va. 53, for Talpac, read Calpac, and in 225. 60, for Lychidnus, read Lychnidus. 63, for M. Barbier du Bouage, readM. Barbie du Boccage. 64, for Paramitkia, read Paramithia. 67, for Sebastoerator, read Sebastocrator. 86, for Bishop, read Archbishop. 89, for Tarrovina, read Iarrovina. 90, for Tolfa, read Iolfa. 1 46, for puniumtur, read puniuntur. 153, for Coryphæus, read Coryphæus. 161, for Deborus's, read Deboruses. 241, for l^nXu, read i^r,Xtj. 263, for was, read were. 265, for Acciacoli, read Acciajuoli. 281, for in this line the sepulcher, &c. read in this line were the sepulchre, Sec. 301, for has, read have. 306, note, for Mrs. read Mr. 309, for site, read sight. 31-2, _/<jjwould, read will. 320, insert a full stop after still remain. 323, for dames, read dams. 331, for containing, read contained. 332 and 341,/oj-Dilletante, iWDilletanti. 361, for striking, read strikes.

The Expedition to the Dardanelles was, when written several months past, intended for insertion, as a note to the Letter in which the forcing of the Straits is noticed ; but being judged too long for that pur pose, was transferred to its present position in the Appendix, LETTERS FROM ALBANIA, 4-c. 8fc.