The History of Nottingham Castle, from the Danish Invasion to its destruction by rioters, in 1831. (Appendix.)

Preface

. In submitting to the favour of the public the following history, the author would be wanting in gratitude were he to neglect this opportunity of expressing his acknow ledgments of the kind and liberal manner in which his former works have been patronised. Pressure of busi ness and unavoidable circumstances have delayed the publication of this volume longer than he originally an ticipated ; and indeed the undertaking, as he proceeded in his researches, became more important and extensive than, on a cursory glance, he had, in the first instance, expected. Every authority has been carefully consulted — the works of our old chroniclers have been referred to and compared with each other, and those accounts adopt ed, on the accuracy of which the enquirer after local in formation might depend. To his friend, Mr. H. M. Wood, for his valuable contribution of the ninth chapter, on the architecture of the Castle, the author begs to ten der his sincere thanks ; his acknowledgments are also due to the Rev. J. Toplis, formerly of Nottingham, now of South WTalsham, in Norfolk, for the obliging manner in which, without the least solicitation, he forwarded those notes of reference to some of our black letter au thorities, which greatly facilitated the necessary investi gation ; nor can he omit to mention the uniform courtesy shown to him by Mr. Marriott, the constable of the Castle, during his various visits to the building.

The object of the author has been to produce a book which may contribute to the information and instruction of his townsmen, and should he, in their judgment, have suc ceeded in supplying them with a readable " History of Nottingham Castle," he ventures to indulge the hope that the following pages will receive such a share of public attention as will convince him that his literary labours have not been undertaken in vain. Journal Office, Nottingham, Sept. 1836. V HISTORICAL INDEX AND TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAP. I. a. d. 806 to 1146. Antiquity of Nottingham Page 6 A. D. 867. The Danes at Nottingham 10 910. Edward the elder builds a wall of defence round Nottingham 13 ■ Ancient Chapel Bar 18 1068. William the Conqueror at Nottingham 22 Builds the Castle 24 Nottingham as described in Doomsday Book 29 1140.

Nottingham nearly destroyed by fire 40 1146. Peverel re-captures Nottingham Castle, from the government of which he had been driven by the successful arms ofthe Earl of Gloucester 44 CHAP. II. a. D. 1146 to 1326. 1147. Nottingham Castle taken by Prince Henry, afterwards Henry the Second 46 1174. Nottingham Castle taken by the Barons, under the command of the Earl of Ferrers and Derby 47 1 177. A great Council holden at Nottingham 47 1190. Prince John at Nottingham 48 1194, Richard the First besieges and takes the Castle, — holds a Council there 49 1212. King John at Nottingham during this and following years.. .. 53 1252. Henry the Third at Nottingham 55 ] 272 orders a Postern to be made in the wall of the town, near the Castle 63 Edward the First at Nottingham 64 Edward the Second and his Queen at Nottingham VI CHAP. III.

A. D. 1326 TO 1399. Page l. 1326. Mortimer, Earl os March, and Queen Isabella at Nottingham A. D, Castle 68 1330. Mortimer surprised and taken prisoner by Edward the Third 72 Mortimer convicted of high treason, and hanged at Tyburn.. 75 1334. Edward the Third calls a Council of Lords at Nottingham Castle 82 1337. Parliament meets at Nottingham S2 1346. David King of Scotland imprisoned in the Castle 83 1376. Sir Peter de la Mare, Speaker of the House of Commons, committed to Nottingham Castle 84 The Earl of Murray also a prisoner in the Castle 85 1387. A State Council held in the Castle by Richard the Second, for the purpose of destroying the freedom of Election 85 1392. Richard the Second holds another CoudciI in the Castle 96 1397. Another State Council 97 CHAP. IV. a. D. 1399 TO 1547. 1399.

Henry the Fourth at Nottingham 90 1411. Owen Glendower a prisonerin Nottingham Castle 99 Survey of Nottingham Castle in the reign of Henry the Sixth 100 1461. Edward the Fourth at Nottingham 102 The Castle enlarged ] 03 1483. Richard the Third at Nottingham 104 completes the buildings commenced by Edward the Fourth 106 1485 marches from Nottingham Castle to the Battle of Bosworth Field _g$ 1487. Henry the Seventh holds a Council of War in Nottingham Castle bi log 1523. Henry the Eighth at Nottingham HO Leland's description ofthe Castle HO CHAP. V. A. D. 1547 TO 1629. 1560. Nottingham Castle repaired , 13 Camden'j description ofthe Castle ]13 Page A. D. 1603. James the First grants the Castle to the Earl of Rutland, in whose possession it becomes very ruinous 115 1612. James the First at Nottingham 116 Thurland House 118 1629.

Plumptre's description of the Castle 127 CHAP. VI. A. n. 1629 TO 1660. 1633. Charles the First at Nottingham 129 1642 erects his Standard at Nottingham 134 Evidence respecting this event at the trial ofthe King 140 1643. Colonel Hutchinson appointed Governor of Nottingham Castle 143 Mrs. Hutchinson's description of the Castle 143 1646. Charles the First brought to Nottingham as a state prisoner 147 1648. The garrison ofthe Castle much reduced 148 The Castle dismantled by order of Col. Hutchinson 148 CHAP. VII. A.D. 1660 TO 1831. 1 660. The Castle sold to the Duke of Newcastle 1 51 1674. The old Castle pulled down and a new building erected ... . 152 1688. Princess, afterwards Queen Anne, at the Castle 152 1751. Deering's description ofthe Castle 153 1831. Riots in Nottingham, and the Castle destroyed by fire 159 CHAP. VIII. 1832.

Trial ofthe Rioters 169 CHAP. IX. Architectural description of the Castle CHAP. X. A. D. 1836. Castle Lodge— Ruins of the Castle PaSe I9& Park 197 Guard-house and subterranean passages *99 Mortimer's Hole 202 Concluding Reflections * Genealogy ofthe Duke of Newcastle 213