Origin and Services of the Coldstream Guards. By Colonel Mac Kinnon

Front matter

THE COLDSTREAM GUARDS. VOL. I. VOL. I. a THK COLDSTREAM GUARDS BY COLONEL MAC KINNON. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I. LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET. MDCCCXXXIII. PRINTED BY A. J. VALl'Y, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET, LONs'ON. DEDICATION. TO THE KING. Sire, With pride, and diffidence, I avail myself of the gracious permission to dedicate to your Majesty, an account of the origin and services of a Corps intrusted with the important charge of guarding the Person of their Sovereign. In fidelity, and in the zealous fulfilment of every duty, the Coldstream, Sire, will at all times be found true to its motto — " Nulli Secundus." Next to the honour of commanding so brave a body of men is that conferred on me when allowed to submit to your Royal notice the result of my researches, and to subscribe myself Your Majesty's Most devoted, obliged, and obedient Humble servant, DANIEL MACKINNON, Colonel, and Lieutenant-Colonel Commanding Coldstream Guards. 10, Hertford Street.

Preface

A circular order from the Horse Guards, sent to the Commanding Officer of every corps, requiring him to give such particulars as could be collected of the regiment under his command, occasioned the following account to be undertaken. As the facts relating to the Coldstream accumulated, they com prehended so many circumstances interwoven with the most important periods of our history, and in cluded so many names connected with the first fami lies in Great Britain, that it was thought they might not prove uninteresting to the public. It can scarcely be expected, that the education of an individual who entered the regiment before he was fifteen years of age, should entitle him to success in the field of literature; on this ground, therefore, indulgence is claimed for whatever defects may appear in style or arrangement. To support his statements by careful investigation and accurate detail, has been the anxious wish of the writer. The

PREFACE.

. movements of contending armies during a series of protracted campaigns, he has endeavoured to place in a clear and concise form. This was necessary to carry the reader through nearly two centuries without rendering tedious a work that had to em brace, and bring under notice, occurrences already known to all who are conversant with the History of England. The object of these pages is to give a faithful narrative of the proceedings of the Coldstream, from their first formation, to the present time; and further to demonstrate, that wherever our troops have been engaged, steadiness in the field has always signalized the sons of Britain. The Guards are as distinguished for this quality as for their devotion to their King and country. It was the Earl of Munster's intention to have written the History of the Coldstream : his Lord ship's literary talents are such, as to make it a sub ject of regret that the plan was not carried into effect.

In allowing this duty to devolve on his friend, Lord Munster has deprived the public of the benefit of his remarks, and himself of the credit, that would assuredly have been the fruit of his labour.

Introduction

The infantry1 of our Army, from an early period, has been celebrated for its discipline and intrepidity. British troops of the line are seldom, if ever, known to waver in presence of an enemy; the Guards have always kept their station. The impetuosity and powerful charge of the French, so rarely withstood by any other European soldiers, make no impression on British infantry. Many brilliant instances might be quoted; but Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt, Blen heim, and Waterloo, sufficiently prove the fact. At Crecy2 the troops of France were far more numerous than those of England. 1 Infantry ; a term first applied to foot-soldiers in Spain ; and so called from the Infanta, who commanded them. The Spanish infantry were for a length of time the best in Europe, and their final destruc tion at the battle of St. Quentin, was one of the causes of the decline of that kingdom. 2 Vilani, an Italian, says the English used cannon at the battle of Crecy.

Froissart does not mention it ; or any of the historians who have described that battle. Grose's Military Antiquities, vol. 1. page 339: " At the battle of Crecy, fifteen thousand archers began to yell in a most frightful manner, to terrify the English."

INTRODUCTION.

. X King Edward formed his army on a gentle ascent; he divided his troops into three lines, and threw up trenches for the protection of his flanks. His preparations were made with perfect order: on the approach of the enemy, the English remained immoveable. The attack was begun by the French with their accustomed energy and daring valour ; but by the firmness of their opponents they were repulsed, and entirely routed. At Poictiers, the English, finding their retreat imprac ticable, took every precaution that prudence could suggest. They rendered it impossible for the enemy to reach their main body except through a narrow lane, on each side of which the archers, placed behind the hedges, deliberately took their aim, and slaughtered the enemy with impunity. At Agincourt, from similar causes, similar results again followed.

Henry, with an army reduced by sickness and warfare to ten thousand men, was anxious to avoid a battle, the French being in the proportion of four to one. The English army received the first onset with steadiness ; the archers, supported by the men at arms, then advanced on the The old English cry was, " St. George I " — Froissart. Edward Davies (1619) says, "this cry was in such estimation the beginning of the last century, that the observance of it was among the ordinance of military laws, to the obedience which he would have all soldiers march." " All souldiers entering into battaile, assault, skirmishe, or other action of arms, shall have for their common crie and word, ' St. George ! St. George ! ' ' Forward,' or 'Upon them, St George !'where by the souldier is much comforted, and the enemie dismaide, by calling to mind the auncient valour of England, which with that name hath been so often victorious : therefore he that shall maliciously omit it shall be severely punished for his obstenacie."

INTRODUCTION.

. XI enemy, who were soon overthrown, and actually hewed in pieces by the battle-axe men, almost without resistance. The battle of Blenheim was commenced by the British and Hessians, who with difficulty passed a rivulet, and filed off to the left, in face of the enemy : soon after this attack Marlborough was charged three times by the French cavalry with the greatest impetuosity ; but each time he defeated them. While Marlborough's troops were engaged, twenty seven battalions and twelve squadrons of the enemy in the village of Blenheim kept up a continued flank fire. He, however, was enabled by the firmness of the infantry to form his wing, routed Tallard's cavalry, and forced his way be tween the two bodies of the French army. Prince Eugene, who commanded the right, was repeatedly repulsed, but at length succeeded.

Tallard being made prisoner, and Blen heim surrounded, the twenty-seven battalions and twelve squadrons posted in that village, after a gallant defence, laid down their arms. The rout became general ; all fled : the confusion in the French army was so great, that officers and soldiers rushed headlong into the Danube.1 The victory was complete ; the French lost forty thousand men, " together with the honour of their nation, and every hope of recovering the ascendancy." Next day Marlborough visited Tallard, who complimented him on having vanquished " the best troops in the world."2 1 Smollett says thirty squadrons of horse and dragoons. 3 The victors lost about 6000 men killed, and 800 wounded. The French armv was almost destroyed ; out of 60,000, Voltaire says, not more than 20,000 could be collected again.

INTRODUCTION.

. XII Perhaps the characteristic difference of the two nations may be adequately illustrated by a parallel between the respective commanders in this battle. " Marshal Tallard," says Voltaire, "had all the impetuous and sprightly courage of a Frenchman, an active and penetrating understanding, and a genius fertile in expedients and resources. He was allied to glory and fortune, by the requisites of genius and courage." The powerful mind of Marlborough gathered fresh strength from difficulty and peril. During the tremendous conflict at Blenheim, he conducted himself with composure, vigilance, and energy : superintending the manœuvres in every part, his presence alone was sufficient to inspire confidence.1 Intrepidity is the distinguishing feature of Englishmen, and fiction has only borrowed and compressed, from the page of general history, the following graphic delineation of a British soldier, at the period of the expulsion of the Moors by Ferdinand and Isabella, in the fifteenth century : " He brought with him a hundred archers, all dexterous with the long bow and the cloth-yard arrow; also two hundred yeomen, armed cap-a-pie, who fought with pike and battle-axe, men robust of frame and of prodigious strength."

The description is thus continued : " This Cavalier was from the island of England, and 1 Voltaire in his History of Charles XII. says, Marlborough was equally qualified for the field or cabinet, and that he did as much mischief to France by his mental faculties as by the force of his arms. Marlborough was called by his soldiers, " CorporalJohn."

INTRODUCTION.

. XIII brought with him a train of his vassals; men who had been hardened in certain civil wars which had raged in their country. They were a comely race of men, but too fair and fresh for warriors ; not having the sun-burnt martial hue of our old Castilian soldiery : they were huge feeders also, and deep carousers, and could not accommodate themselves to the sober diet of our troops, but must fain eat and drink after the manner of their own country. They were often noisy and unruly also in their wassail, and their quarter of the camp was prone to be a scene of loud revel and sudden brawl. They were withall of great pride, yet it was not like our inflammable Spanish pride ; they stood not much upon the pundonor and high punctilio, and rarely drew the stiletto in their disttes; but their pride was silent and contu melious.

Though from a remote and somewhat barbarous island, they yet believed themselves the most perfect men upon earth, and magnified their chieftain, the Lord Scales, beyond the greatest of our grandees. With all this, it must be said of them, that they were marvellous good men in the field, dexterous archers, and powerful with the battle-axe. In their great pride and self-will, they always sought to press in the advance and take the post of danger, trying to outvie our Spanish chivalry. They did not rush forward fiercely, or make a brilliant onset like the Moorish and Spanish troops, but they went into the fight deliberately, and persisted obstinately, and were slow to find out when they were beaten.1 Withall, they were much esteemed, yet 1 Napoleon and Marshal Soult are said to have made the same remark.

INTRODUCTION.

. XIV little liked, by our soldiery, who considered them staunch companions in the field, yet coveted but little fellowship with them in camp." ' ' Irving's Conquest of Granada, vol. I. p. 330. i To Henry Martin Madden, Esq., formerly of the War- Office, the writer is much indebted. This gentleman has with the greatest kindness and attention procured for him most valuable information and miscellaneous detail on various subjects. CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.

Chapter I

Monck returns from Ireland — Accepts an appointment in the army intended for Scotland — Placed in command of five companies drafted from Hesilrige's regiment, and five companies from Fenwick's — Monck's regiment put on the establishment of the Commonwealth — Hesilrige appointed Governor of Newcastle — Berwick and Carlisle taken — Langdale defeated in Northumberland — Fenwick nominated Governor of Berwick — Quarters of the army in England— Monck's regiment enters Scotland with Cromwell .... page 3

Chapter II

Sketch of Monck's life — List of the army that accompanies Cromwell from Berwick — Collington House taken — Redhall stormed — Cromwell destroys the Scots army at Dunbar .... 12

Chapter III

Derlton House, Edinburgh Castle, Tantallon Castle, and Blackness, surrender — Strength of the Scots army — Monck appointed Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance — Charles II. present with the army in Stirling Park — Cromwell encamps near Redhall — Number of the English army — Callender House taken — Monck "beleaguers Stir ling Castle" — Charles II. and Scots army surrounded — Battle of Worcester CONTENTS.

Chapter IV

Monck remains in Scotland— Stirling Castle capitulates— Records sent to the Tower— Friends of Charles assemble at Ellit— Capture of Dundee— Monck's illness— Montrose and Aberdeen taken— Culton, Annandale, and Mohum Castles surrender— Winter-quarters of the army — Argyle offers to negociate with Monck — Several influential persons submit to the Commonwealth — Widows of officers in Monck's regiment petition Parliament for relief— Commissioners appointed for the affairs of Scotland — Dumbarton Castle surrenders — Monck leaves Scotland for London— Dunotter Castle besieged by Monck's own regiment — Morgan's letter ♦ Cromwell, with the Governor of Dunot ter's capitulation . page 40

Chapter V

Army marches into the Highlands — Colonel Lilburn's account of his progress — Secretary Clarke's letter to Lenthall — Anecdote of Captain Powell — Parliament votes Generals Blake, Dean, and Monck to com mand the fleet — Colonel Lilburn replaces Dean in Scotland — English and Dutch fleets engage between the Isle of Wight and Portland — Dutch defeated off Ostend — Monck left in sole command — Van Trump killed off Camperdown — Middleton lands and plants the Royal Stand ard between Stirling and Dumbarton — War recommences in the Highlands — Force of English regiments in Scotland — City of London entertains Cromwell — Monck arrives at Dalkeith — Enters Stirling — Loch Tay Island, Ballock, Weemys, and Garth Castles taken — Mor gan defeats Middleton uear Loch Garry — The Earls of Glencairn and Athol with other chiefs send in their submission — Monck's head-quarters again at Dalkeith — Proceedings of a Court-Martial — Army in winter-quarters — Several officers arrested — City of Edinburgh entertains Monck — Cromwell proclaimed Lord Protector in Edinburgh — Death of Cromwell — Richard proclaimed Lord Protector in Scotland — Parliament dissolved — Richard resigns his office . . .53

Chapter VI

Long Parliament revived — Letter to the Speaker from Monck and other officers of his own regiment — Charles prepares to invade Eng land — Committee of Safety — Officers called into the House to receive their commissions from the Speaker ; Lieutenant-Colonel William Gough, of Monck's own regiment, one of them — Names of officers in Monck's regiments of foot and horse read to the House — Lenthall the Speaker arrested — Monck musters his own and Morgan's regiments to CONTENTS. XVII acquaint them it was his determination to support Parliament — Monck secures several strongholds in Scotland— Letters, in which are detailed accounts of Monck's proceedings — Parliament dissolved — Monck and his army declare for the Parliament — Lambert begins his march towards Scotland — Commissioners of the Militia of London, and several Members of the Committee of Safety, dread the results of Monck's proceedings — Officers sent by Monck to treat with the Committee of Safety — Names of officers who abandoned Monck — His army assembles at Coldstream page 68

Chapter VII

Monck commences his march from Coldstream — Gives the com mand of his own regiment to Captain Morgan — Commissioners meet the army near Leicester — The Coldstreamers enter London — Par liament orders Monck to restore order in the City — Monck and Montague nominated Generals of the Fleet — Lambert escapes from the Tower — Ingoldsby defeats Lambert — Granville delivers a letter from Charles to the Parliament — Charles proclaimed King — Colours captured at Preston, Dunbar, and Worcester, removed from Westmin ster Hall — Army encamps at Blackheath — Charles's triumphal entry into London — Monck created Duke of Albemarle — Charles reviews his troops — Army disbanded, with the exception of the Lord General's own regiment — Insurrection of Venner — Commissioners disband the Lord General's regiment of foot, and they are immediately after formed as an extraordinary guard to the Royal person — List of the Household troops — Royal regiment of Guards under Lord Wentworth — Charles II.'s procession through the City to be crowned . . 85

Chapter VIII

Adjutants first commissioned to the Guards — A regiment of Guards raised for Dublin duty — Charles II. reviews his Horse and Foot Guards — King and Queen visit Bath, and return by Oxford to Lon don — Captain Holmes, of the Lord General's regiment, sails to North America, reduces the New Netherlands, and changes the name to New York — Fleets fitted out in the Thames and Portsmouth — A detachment from the Lord General's regiment embarks — Declaration of War by the Dutch — Dutch fleet defeated — Prince Rupert and Albe marle command the fleet — Albemarle attacks the Dutch off Dunkirk — Prince Rupert and Albemarle drive the Dutch back on their own vol. i. b CONTENTS. coasts — Buckingham's account of Monck's determination not to be taken — Sir Robert Holmes burns one hundred and sixty vessels in the Vlie — Bandaris plundered and destroyed — Precedency of regiments — Dutch fleet attacks Sheerness and enters the Medway — Dutch fleet proceeds to Portsmouth, Torbay, and sails again to the Thames — Spragg beats them back — King reviews his Foot and Life Guards — Cosmo's description of Oxford's Horse, and review of the Guards in Hyde Park — Cosmo's visit to Albemarle — Death of Albemarle, and funeral — Earl Craven succeeds to the Coldstream . . page 108

Chapter IX

A detachment embarks for the Mediterranean — Holmes attacks the Dutch fleet — Monmouth joins the French in Flanders — A draft from the Coldstream sent to complete Monmouth's regiment — A fleet equipped under the Duke of York — Three hundred men of the Cold stream embark — English and Dutch fleets engage — Coldstream disembark and return to their quarters — One company of the Coldstream embarks at Dover, and forms part of a regiment to remain in the service of Lewis XIV. — Detachments from the Coldstream embark, and the fleet again sails — Precedency of regiments — The English and French fleets under Prince Rupert and Count d'Estrees ready for sea — Six companies of the Coldstream distributed in the English ships — Prince Rupert attacks De Ruyter — French, in conjunction with Mon mouth,take Maestricht — Dutch abandon the intention to invade England — Spragg engages Trump's squadron — The battalion under Captain Skelton returns to London — Monmouth's letter to Craven, enclosing the King's order concerning the rank of regiments — Review in Hyde Park — Monmouth authorised to issue orders for the removal of quarters — Dalrymple's account of Monmouth's appointment to be Lord General of the Army — Duke of Buckingham's explanation — Original Commission intended for Monmouth — A regiment, formed by drafts from the Guards and other regiments, sent to Virginia — First introduction of Grenadiers — Four companies embark for Ostend — Grenadier companies generally adopted in regiments of Infantry — Four additional companies embark for Ostend — Allies assemble in Flanders — Colonel John Churchill commands the brigade, in which are the First and Coldstream Guards — Treaty of Nimeguen — Captain Mutlow's com pany returns from Virginia — Somerset House converted into barracks for Foot Guards — A detachment sails for Tangiers — Two companies attend Charles II. to Oxford — King's Mews fitted up as a barrack CONTENTS.

XIX Captain Wakelin, of the Coldstream, walks round St. James's Park five times in two hours — Arms of the Coldstream exchanged for Snaphance muskets and pikes — Matchlocks discontinued by the Guards — Return of the troops from Tangiers — Another Grenadier company added to the regiment — Change in the appointments of In fantry Officers — The two regiments of Guards on the same footing- King reviews his troops at Putney Heath . . . page 139-140

Chapter X

Death of Charles II. — Coronation of James II. — Extract from Sand ford's "History of the Coronation" — Dress and other details con nected with the " Coldstreamers " — Monmouth lands in Dorsetshire — First battalion of the Coldstream Guards leave town for Marlborough — Monmouth defeated, taken, and beheaded — Bayonets provided for the First and Coldstream Guards ; the Grenadiers only had been previously provided with them — Allowance granted to the wounded at Sedgmore — Review at Hounslow — Rank of Lieutenant-Colonel granted to Captains of companies in the two regiments of Foot Guards — Second Grenadier companies placed on the establishment — Prince of Orange lands at Torbay — James quits London — Troops ordered out of London, with the exception of the Coldstream — On the arrival of William in London, the Coldstream ordered into Kent — Declaration of War against France — Revolt of the Royals — First Mutiny Bill — Coldstream taken from Craven and given to Talmash — Some account of Lord Craven — William projects an alliance against France — Cold stream disembark at Helvoet Sluys — Join the Allies under Prince Waldeck — Failure of the French in their attack on Walcourt — English regiments go into quarters for the winter — Coldstream at Ghent — French, Spanish, and Dutch also move into quarters . . 172

Chapter XI

Battle of Fleurus — Prince Waldeck retires — Reinforced by the Coldstream, four English regiments, and several thousand Hanoverians — The Coldstream and other British troops quartered in Brussels— Both armies go into winter quarters in October— King William em barks for Holland — British troops reinforced in Flanders — William addresses the Congress at the Hague— Reviews his army— Embarks for England — Army go to their former quarters — William returns to the Hague— Confederates assemble at Anderlecht— Luxembourg re- XX CONTENTS. connoitres the position of the Allies, and retires to his camp — Con federates proceed to Gemblours — French leave Braine le Comte and march to the Sambre — Confederates arrive on the plain of Gerpynes — Lieutenants of First and Coldstream Guards get the rank of Captains — Allies reinforced exceed the enemy in numbers — William's head quarters at Cour-sur-Heure — Army advances between Fleurus and the Sambre; crosses the river below Ath — The King leaves the camp for Loo — Troops go into winter quarters — William embarks for England '. . . . page 205

Chapter XII

William embarks for the Hague — Lewis XIV. concentrates round Mons — Namur invested — William moves towards the Mehaigne — Confederates form a junction — Namur surrenders — Attempt to sur prise Mons — The King reviews his troops — Reinforcements join the army — Battle of Steenkirk — Grandval hanged — Troops under Talmash encamp at Ondenbourg — Duke of Leinster arrives at Ostend with fifteen regiments — Army goes into winter quarters — William returns to England 215

Chapter XIII

William arrives from England — Head-quarters at Dieghem — Lewis XIV. detained by illness at Quesnoy — Confederate army at Parck Camp — William advances on Liege — Battle of Landen — William moves to Louvain — French unable to follow up their success — Marshal Luxembourg captures Charleroi — Hostile armies go into winter quarters .......... 226

Chapter XIV

William returns to Holland — Head-quarters at Bethlehem — Lux embourg and Villeroy join the French near the Sambre — The hostile armies concentrate — The Dauphin reviews the French at Gemblours — Strength of Confederates in Flanders— William returns to England Straw huts of the Coldstream destroyed by fire — The two armies go into winter quarters — Talmash dies of his wounds at Plymouth Cutts succeeds in command of the Coldstream — Expedition an-ainst Brest, in which were thirteen companies of the Guards . . CONTENTS. XXI

Chapter XV

William embarks for Holland — Two armies in the Netherlands, one commanded by the Elector of Bavaria and Duke of Holstein, the other to act in Flanders under William and Prince Vaudemont — French concentrate between the Scheld and Dunkirk — Namur invested — William's head-quarters at the Chateau de la Falize — Lord Cutts reaches Templeux — Dutch break ground near Bouge — The Guards suffer severely in an assault — Siege of Namur — Town capitulates — Boufflers retires to the Castle — Cutts wounded — Citadel surrenders — ■ Allies encamp near Nivelle — William reviews bis army previous to his departure — Winter quarters of the Allies — English Guards at Ghent page 245

Chapter XVI

Lewis XIV. prepares an expedition at Dunkirk — Brigade of Guards recalled from Ghent — Fleet fitted out in the Thames — Coldstream returns to Flanders — Athlone bombards Givet — Enemy advance — Allies unable to make a forward movement — William arrives in Holland — Boufflers encamps at Parck — William reviews the troops — Army en camps at Wavre — Boufflers retires — Villeroy encamps between Oude narde and the Allies — Prince de Conti, Dukes of Chartres and Bour bon, join Villeroy — Duke du Maine and Count de Toulouse join Boufflers— Amount of the French armies — William moves towards Gemblours — Strength of the Confederates — Allies move to the plain of Fleury — Boufflers advances to oppose the passage of the Sambre — Confederates on the plain of Chambron — Enemy encamp near Conde — William leaves the camp — Both armies separate for the winter ........... 261

Chapter XVII

English Guards leave Ghent for the villages between Brussels and Halle — Army of Flanders takes the field — Infantry encamp between Deynse and Nivelle — Brabant army encamps at Waterloo and Ixelles — French assemble about Tournay, banks of the Sambre and Lys — Brabant army between the Abbey of Bois-Seigneur-Isaac and the rivulet of Leu — Catinat invests Ath — Amount of French armies — Strength of army under William and the Elector of Bavaria — Situ ation of the French — William retreats to the plain of Bois-Seigneur- CONTENTS. Isaac — Boufflers encamps at Steenkirk — Reinforcements arrive from England — William marches through Brussels, and takes up a position for the defence of the town— Peace of Ryswick — French leave the Netherlands — British quartered in Ghent, Bruges, Nieuport, and Ostend — Guards embark for England .... page 267

Chapter XVIII

Coldstream disembark at Harwich — William's triumphant entry into London — Chamberlayne's account of the Foot Guards — First notice of the Third Guards on the establishment — Death of Charles II. King of Spain — Duke of Anjou declared King of Spain — Army augmented with great difficulty — James II. dies at St. Germain's — Death of King William — A battalion formed from the First and Coldstream sent to Cadiz — Gallant conduct of Colonel Pierce of the Coldstream — Attack on fort Matagorda — Troops re-embark after blowing up Fort St. Catherine's — Confederates under Sir George Rooke attack Chateaurenard in the harbour of Vigo — Duke of Ormond lands his troops — Rondella carried by assault — Enemy destroy their galleons and twelve ships — Fourteen ships taken — Army embark at Rondella — Gibraltar surrenders — A battalion from the First and Coldstream sail from Portsmouth with Lord Galway — Expedition lands at Lisbon — Re-embark — Sail for the relief of Gibraltar — Prince of Hesse Darmstadt makes a sortie — Enemy retire after seven months' siege — Peterborough sails from England with Sir Cloudesly Shovel — Dutch fleet join in the Tagus — Prince of Hesse and Guards embark — Land near Barcelona — Attack on Montjuich — Barcelona taken — Prince Charles received with great enthusiasm — Guards remain with Prince Charles at Barcelona — Peterborough marches with a small force to Valencia •■••....... 273

Chapter XIX

Detachments from the two regiments of Guards embark and sail from Portsmouth to join the battalion in Spain — Philir/attempts to recover Barcelona — Misunderstanding between Prince Charles and Peterborough — Large sums advanced by the citizens — Trritfps die in great numbers — Marshal Tesse threatens Tortosa — Allies march for that town — Guards remain to do duty over Prince Charles — Barcelona invested — Lord Donnegal arrives with four regiments from Gerona Philip joins the French army — Peterborough returns from Valencia CONTENTS. XXIII Enemy repulsed in a night attack — Conflict at Montjuich — Donnegal killed — Anecdote of an officer's dog — French raise the siege — Troops sail for Valencia — Galway takes Ciudad Rodrigo, masks Badajoz, and arrives at Madrid- — Cruelty to a party of the Coldstream — Peter borough leaves Spain for Savoy — Galway crosses the Tagus at Fu entes d'Uenna — Joined at Veles by the troops under Lieut.-Ge neral Wyndham, with whom was the battalion of Guards — Allies in quarters along the frontier of Valencia and Murcia during the winter . page 295

Chapter XX

Death of Cutts — Churchill appointed Colonel of the Coldstream — An account of Cutts — Prince Charles deserts Galway — Allies suffer great privations — Lewis XIV. sends reinforcements to Spain — Battle of Almanza — Guards suffer severely — Lerida surrenders — Allies go into winter-quarters — Galway embarks at Lisbon for England — A battalion of English Guards from the First and Coldstream ordered to Scotland — Countermanded at York — Sent to Colchester — The battalion embarks for Flanders — Battle of Oudenarde — Siege of Lisle — Capitu lation — Guards quartered during the winter at Brussels . . 305

Chapter XXI

Tournay surrenders — Villars and Boufflers oppose the investment of Mons — Strength of hostile armies — Battle of Malplaquet — Cardonnel's letter — Capitulation of Mons — Both armies go into winter quarters — First and Coldstream at the Hague — Strength of the Allies — Eugene and Marlborough move from the vicinity of Tournay — Enemy's line forced at Pout-a-Vendin — Villars reconnoitres the al lied position — Aire and St. Venant taken — Marlborough returns to England 321