Appendix
TABLE OF PRESIDENTS
NAME STATE PARTY YEAR IN VICE-PRESIDENT OFFICE 1 George Washington Va. Fed. 1789-1797 John Adams 2 John Adams Mass. Fed. 1797-1801 Thomas Jefferson 3 Thomas Jefferson Va. Rep. 1801-1809 Aaron Burr George Clinton 4 James Madison Va. Rep. 1809-1817 George Clinton Elbridge Gerry 5 James Monroe Va. Rep. 1817-1825 Daniel D. Tompkins 6 John Q. Adams Mass. Rep. 1825-1829 John C. Calhoun 7 Andrew Jackson Tenn. Dem. 1829-1837 John C. Calhoun Martin Van Buren 8 Martin Van Buren N.Y. Dem. 1837-1841 Richard M. Johnson 9 Wm. H. Harrison Ohio Whig 1841-1841 John Tyler 10 John Tyler[20] Va. Whig 1841-1845 11 James K. Polk Tenn. Dem. 1845-1849 George M. Dallas 12 Zachary Taylor La. Whig 1849-1850 Millard Fillmore 13 Millard Fillmore[20] N.Y. Whig 1850-1853 14 Franklin Pierce N.H. Dem. 1853-1857 William R. King 15 James Buchanan Pa. Dem. 1857-1861 J.C. Breckinridge 16 Abraham Lincoln Ill. Rep. 1861-1865 Hannibal Hamlin Andrew Johnson 17 Andrew Johnson[20] Tenn. Rep. 1865-1869 18 Ulysses S. Grant Ill. Rep. 1869-1877 Schuyler Colfax Henry Wilson 19 Rutherford B. Hayes Ohio Rep. 1877-1881 Wm. A. Wheeler 20 James A. Garfield Ohio Rep. 1881-1881 Chester A. Arthur 21 Chester A. Arthur[20] N.Y. Rep. 1881-1885 22 Grover Cleveland N.Y. Dem. 1885-1889 Thomas A. Hendricks 23 Benjamin Harrison Ind. Rep. 1889-1893 Levi P. Morton 24 Grover Cleveland N.Y. Dem. 1893-1897 Adlai E. Stevenson 25 William McKinley Ohio Rep. 1897-1901 Garrett A. Hobart Theodore Roosevelt 26 Theodore Roosevelt[20]N.Y. Rep. 1901-1909 Chas. W. Fairbanks 27 William H. Taft Ohio Rep. 1909-1913 James S. Sherman 28 Woodrow Wilson N.J. Dem. 1913-1921 Thomas R. Marshall 29 Warren G. Harding Ohio Rep. 1921- Calvin Coolidge
FOOTNOTES:
[20] Promoted from the vice-presidency on the death of the president.
POPULATION OF THE OUTLYING POSSESSIONS: 1920 AND 1910
----------------------------------------+--------------+--------------- AREA | 1920 | 1910 ----------------------------------------+--------------+--------------- United States with outlying possessions |117,857,509 | 101,146,530 +--------------+--------------- Continental United States |105,708,771 | 91,972,266 Outlying Possessions | 12,148,738 | 9,174,264 +--------------|--------------- Alaska | 54,899 | 64,356 American Samoa | 8,056 | 7,251[21] Guam | 13,275 | 11,806 Hawaii | 255,912 | 191,909 Panama Canal Zone | 22,858 | 62,810[21] Porto Rico | 1,299,809 | 1,118,012 Military and naval, etc., service | | abroad | 117,238 | 55,608 Philippine Islands |10,350,640[22]| 7,635,426[23] Virgin Islands of the United States | 26,051[24]| 27,086[25] ----------------------------------------+--------------+---------------
FOOTNOTES:
[21] Population in 1912.
[22] Population in 1918.
[23] Population in 1903.
[24] Population in 1917.
[25] Population in 1911.
A TOPICAL SYLLABUS
As a result of a wholesome reaction against the purely chronological treatment of history, there is now a marked tendency in the direction of a purely topical handling of the subject. The topical method, however, may also be pushed too far. Each successive stage of any topic can be understood only in relation to the forces of the time. For that reason, the best results are reached when there is a combination of the chronological and the topical methods. It is therefore suggested that the teacher first follow the text closely and then review the subject with the aid of this topical syllabus. The references are to pages.
=Immigration=
I. Causes: religious (1-2, 4-11, 302), economic (12-17, 302-303), and political (302-303). II. Colonial immigration. 1. Diversified character: English, Scotch-Irish, Irish, Jews, Germans and other peoples (6-12). 2. Assimilation to an American type; influence of the land system (23-25, 411). 3. Enforced immigration: indentured servitude, slavery, etc. (13-17). III. Immigration between 1789-1890. 1. Nationalities: English, Irish, Germans, and Scandinavians (278, 302-303). 2. Relations to American life (432-433, 445). IV. Immigration and immigration questions after 1890. 1. Change in nationalities (410-411). 2. Changes in economic opportunities (411). 3. Problems of congestion and assimilation (410). 4. Relations to labor and illiteracy (582-586). 5. Oriental immigration (583). 6. The restriction of immigration (583-585).
=Expansion of the United States=
I. Territorial growth. 1. Territory of the United States in 1783 (134 and color map). 2. Louisiana purchase, 1803 (188-193 and color map). 3. Florida purchase, 1819 (204). 4. Annexation of Texas, 1845 (278-281). 5. Acquisition of Arizona, New Mexico, California, and other territory at close of Mexican War, 1848 (282-283). 6. The Gadsden purchase, 1853 (283). 7. Settlement of the Oregon boundary question, 1846 (284-286). 8. Purchase of Alaska from Russia, 1867 (479). 9. Acquisition of Tutuila in Samoan group, 1899 (481-482). 10. Annexation of Hawaii, 1898 (484). 11. Acquisition of Porto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam at close of Spanish War, 1898 (493-494). 12. Acquisition of Panama Canal strip, 1904 (508-510). 13. Purchase of Danish West Indies, 1917 (593). 14. Extension of protectorate over Haiti, Santo Domingo, and Nicaragua (593-594). II. Development of colonial self-government. 1. Hawaii (485). 2. Philippines (516-518). 3. Porto Rico (515-516). III. Sea power. 1. In American Revolution (118). 2. In the War of 1812 (193-201). 3. In the Civil War (353-354). 4. In the Spanish-American War (492). 5. In the Caribbean region (512-519). 6. In the Pacific (447-448, 481). 7. The rôle of the American navy (515).
=The Westward Advance of the People=
I. Beyond the Appalachians. 1. Government and land system (217-231). 2. The routes (222-224). 3. The settlers (221-223, 228-230). 4. Relations with the East (230-236). II. Beyond the Mississippi. 1. The lower valley (271-273). 2. The upper valley (275-276). III. Prairies, plains, and desert. 1. Cattle ranges and cowboys (276-278, 431-432). 2. The free homesteads (432-433). 3. Irrigation (434-436, 523-525). IV. The Far West. 1. Peculiarities of the West (433-440). 2. The railways (425-431). 3. Relations to the East and Europe (443-447). 4. American power in the Pacific (447-449).
=The Wars of American History=
I. Indian wars (57-59). II. Early colonial wars: King William's, Queen Anne's, and King George's (59). III. French and Indian War (Seven Years' War), 1754-1763 (59-61). IV. Revolutionary War, 1775-1783 (99-135). V. The War of 1812, 1812-1815 (193-201). VI. The Mexican War, 1845-1848 (276-284). VII. The Civil War, 1861-1865 (344-375). VIII. The Spanish War, 1898 (485-497). IX. The World War, 1914-1918 [American participation, 1917-1918] (596-625).
=Government=
I. Development of the American system of government. 1. Origin and growth of state government. a. The trading corporation (2-4), religious congregation (4-5), and proprietary system (5-6). b. Government of the colonies (48-53). c. Formation of the first state constitutions (108-110). d. The admission of new states (see Index under each state). e. Influence of Jacksonian Democracy (238-247). f. Growth of manhood suffrage (238-244). g. Nullification and state sovereignty (180-182, 251-257). h. The doctrine of secession (345-346). i. Effects of the Civil War on position of states (366, 369-375). j. Political reform--direct government--initiative, referendum, and recall (540-544). 2. Origin and growth of national government. a. British imperial control over the colonies (64-72). b. Attempts at intercolonial union--New England Confederation, Albany plan (61-62). c. The Stamp Act Congress (85-86). d. The Continental Congresses (99-101). e. The Articles of Confederation (110-111, 139-143). f. The formation of the federal Constitution (143-160). g. Development of the federal Constitution. (1) Amendments 1-11--rights of persons and states (163). (2) Twelfth amendment--election of President (184, note). (3) Amendments 13-15--Civil War settlement (358, 366, 369, 370, 374, 375). (4) Sixteenth amendment--income tax (528-529). (5) Seventeenth amendment--election of Senators (541-542). (6) Eighteenth amendment--prohibition (591-592). (7) Nineteenth amendment--woman suffrage (563-568). 3. Development of the suffrage. a. Colonial restrictions (51-52). b. Provisions of the first state constitutions (110, 238-240). c. Position under federal Constitution of 1787 (149). d. Extension of manhood suffrage (241-244). e. Extension and limitation of negro suffrage (373-375, 382-387). f. Woman suffrage (560-568). II. Relation of government to economic and social welfare. 1. Debt and currency. a. Colonial paper money (80). b. Revolutionary currency and debt (125-127). c. Disorders under Articles of Confederation (140-141). d. Powers of Congress under the Constitution to coin money (see Constitution in the Appendix). e. First United States bank notes (167). f. Second United States bank notes (257). g. State bank notes (258). h. Civil War greenbacks and specie payment (352-353, 454). i. The Civil War debt (252). j. Notes of National Banks under act of 1864 (369). k. Demonetization of silver and silver legislation (452-458). l. The gold standard (472). m. The federal reserve notes (589). n. Liberty bonds (606). 2. Banking systems. a. The first United States bank (167). b. The second United States bank--origin and destruction (203, 257-259). c. United States treasury system (263). d. State banks (258). e. The national banking system of 1864 (369). f. Services of banks (407-409). g. Federal reserve system (589). 3. The tariff. a. British colonial system (69-72). b. Disorders under Articles of Confederation (140). c. The first tariff under the Constitution (150, 167-168). d. Development of the tariff, 1816-1832 (252-254). f. Tariff and nullification (254-256). g. Development to the Civil War--attitude of South and West (264, 309-314, 357). h. Republicans and Civil War tariffs (352, 367). i. Revival of the tariff controversy under Cleveland (422). j. Tariff legislation after 1890--McKinley bill (422), Wilson bill (459), Dingley bill (472), Payne-Aldrich bill (528), Underwood bill (588). 4. Foreign and domestic commerce and transportation (see Tariff, Immigration, and Foreign Relations). a. British imperial regulations (69-72). b. Confusion under Articles of Confederation (140). c. Provisions of federal Constitution (150). d. Internal improvements--aid to roads, canals, etc. (230-236). e. Aid to railways (403). f. Service of railways (402). g. Regulation of railways (460-461, 547-548). h. Control of trusts and corporations (461-462, 589-590). 5. Land and natural resources. a. British control over lands (80). b. Early federal land measures (219-221). c. The Homestead act (368, 432-445). d. Irrigation and reclamation (434-436, 523-525). e. Conservation of natural resources (523-526). 6. Legislation advancing human rights and general welfare (see Suffrage). a. Abolition of slavery: civil and political rights of negroes (357-358, 373-375). b. Extension of civil and political rights to women (554-568). c. Legislation relative to labor conditions (549-551, 579-581, 590-591). d. Control of public utilities (547-549). e. Social reform and the war on poverty (549-551). f. Taxation and equality of opportunity (551-552).
=Political Parties and Political Issues=
I. The Federalists versus the Anti-Federalists [Jeffersonian Republicans] from about 1790 to about 1816 (168-208, 201-203). 1. Federalist leaders: Hamilton, John Adams, John Marshall, Robert Morris. 2. Anti-Federalist leaders: Jefferson, Madison, Monroe. 3. Issues: funding the debt, assumption of state debts, first United States bank, taxation, tariff, strong central government versus states' rights, and the Alien and Sedition acts. II. Era of "Good Feeling" from about 1816 to about 1824, a period of no organized party opposition (248). III. The Democrats [former Jeffersonian Republicans] versus the Whigs [or National Republicans] from about 1832 to 1856 (238-265, 276-290, 324-334). 1. Democratic leaders: Jackson, Van Buren, Calhoun, Benton. 2. Whig leaders: Webster and Clay. 3. Issues: second United States bank, tariff, nullification, Texas, internal improvements, and disposition of Western lands. IV. The Democrats versus the Republicans from about 1856 to the present time (334-377, 388-389, 412-422, 451-475, 489-534, 588-620). 1. Democratic leaders: Jefferson Davis, Tilden, Cleveland, Bryan, and Wilson. 2. Republican leaders: Lincoln, Blaine, McKinley, Roosevelt. 3. Issues: Civil War and reconstruction, currency, tariff, taxation, trusts, railways, foreign policies, imperialism, labor questions, and policies with regard to land and conservation. V. Minor political parties. 1. Before the Civil War: Free Soil (319) and Labor Parties (306-307). 2. Since the Civil War: Greenback (463-464), Populist (464), Liberal Republican (420), Socialistic (577-579), Progressive (531-534, 602-603).
=The Economic Development of the United States=
I. The land and natural resources. 1. The colonial land system: freehold, plantation, and manor (20-25). 2. Development of the freehold in the West (220-221, 228-230). 3. The Homestead act and its results (368, 432-433). 4. The cattle range and cowboy (431-432). 5. Disappearance of free land (443-445). 6. Irrigation and reclamation (434-436). 7. Movement for the conservation of resources (523-526). II. Industry. 1. The rise of local and domestic industries (28-32). 2. British restrictions on American enterprise (67-69, 70-72). 3. Protective tariffs (see above, 648-649). 4. Development of industry previous to the Civil War (295-307). 5. Great progress of industry after the war (401-406). 6. Rise and growth of trusts and combinations (406-412, 472-474). III. Commerce and transportation. 1. Extent of colonial trade and commerce (32-35). 2. British regulation (69-70). 3. Effects of the Revolution and the Constitution (139-140, 154). 4. Growth of American shipping (195-196). 5. Waterways and canals (230-236). 6. Rise and extension of the railway system (298-300). 7. Growth of American foreign trade (445-449). IV. Rise of organized labor. 1. Early phases before the Civil War: local unions, city federations, and national unions in specific trades (304-307). 2. The National Trade Union, 1866-1872 (574-575). 3. The Knights of Labor (575-576). 4. The American Federation of Labor (573-574). a. Policies of the Federation (576-577). b. Relations to politics (579-581). c. Contests with socialists and radicals (577-579). d. Problems of immigration (582-585). 5. The relations of capital and labor. a. The corporation and labor (410, 570-571). b. Company unions and profit-sharing (571-572). c. Welfare work (573). d. Strikes (465, 526, 580-581). e. Arbitration (581-582).
=American Foreign Relations=
I. Colonial period. 1. Indian relations (57-59). 2. French relations (59-61). II. Period of conflict and independence. 1. Relations with Great Britain (77-108, 116-125, 132-135). 2. Establishment of connections with European powers (128). 3. The French alliance of 1778 (128-130). 4. Assistance of Holland and Spain (130). III. Relations with Great Britain since 1783. 1. Commercial settlement in Jay treaty of 1794 (177-178). 2. Questions arising out of European wars [1793-1801] (176-177, 180). 3. Blockade and embargo problems (193-199). 4. War of 1812 (199-201). 5. Monroe Doctrine and Holy Alliance (205-207). 6. Maine boundary--Webster-Ashburton treaty (265). 7. Oregon boundary (284-286). 8. Attitude of Great Britain during Civil War (354-355). 9. Arbitration of Alabama claims (480-481). 10. The Samoan question (481-482) 11. The Venezuelan question (482-484). 12. British policy during Spanish-American War (496-497). 13. Controversy over blockade, 1914-1917 (598-600). 14. The World War (603-620). IV. Relations with France. 1. The colonial wars (59-61). 2. The French alliance of 1778 (128-130). 3. Controversies over the French Revolution (128-130). 4. Commercial questions arising out of the European wars (176-177, 180, 193-199). 5. Attitude of Napoleon III toward the Civil War (354-355). 6. The Mexican entanglement (478-479). 7. The World War (596-620). V. Relations with Germany. 1. Negotiations with Frederick, king of Prussia (128). 2. The Samoan controversy (481-482). 3. Spanish-American War (491). 4. The Venezuelan controversy (512). 5. The World War (596-620). VI. Relations with the Orient. 1. Early trading connections (486-487). 2. The opening of China (447). 3. The opening of Japan (448). 4. The Boxer rebellion and the "open door" policy (499-502). 5. Roosevelt and the close of the Russo-Japanese War (511). 6. The Oriental immigration question (583-584). VII. The United States and Latin America. 1. Mexican relations. a. Mexican independence and the Monroe Doctrine (205-207). b. Mexico and French intervention--policy of the United States (478-479). c. The overthrow of Diaz (1911) and recent questions (594-596). 2. Cuban relations. a. Slavery and the "Ostend Manifesto" (485-486). b. The revolutionary period, 1867-1877 (487). c. The revival of revolution (487-491). d. American intervention and the Spanish War (491-496). e. The Platt amendment and American protection (518-519). 3. Caribbean and other relations. a. Acquisition of Porto Rico (493). b. The acquisition of the Panama Canal strip (508-510). c. Purchase of Danish West Indies (593). d. Venezuelan controversies (482-484, 512). e. Extension of protectorate over Haiti, Santo Domingo, and Nicaragua (513-514, 592-594).
INDEX
Abolition, 318, 331
Adams, Abigail, 556
Adams, John, 97, 128, 179ff.
Adams, J.Q., 247, 319
Adams, Samuel, 90, 99, 108
Adamson law, 590
Aguinaldo, 497
Alabama, admission, 227
Alabama claims, 480
Alamance, battle, 92
Alamo, 280
Alaska, purchase, 479
Albany, plan of union, 62
Algonquins, 57
Alien law, 180
Amendment, method of, 156
Amendments to federal Constitution: first eleven, 163 twelfth, 184, note thirteenth, 358 fourteenth, 366, 369, 387 fifteenth, 358 sixteenth, 528 seventeenth, 542 eighteenth, 591 nineteenth, 563ff.
American expeditionary force, 610
American Federation of Labor, 573, 608
Americanization, 585
Amnesty, for Confederates, 383
Andros, 65
Annapolis, convention, 144
Antietam, 357
Anti-Federalists, 169
Anti-slavery. See Abolition
Anthony, Susan, 564
Appomattox, 363
Arbitration: international, 480, 514, 617 labor disputes, 582
Arizona, admission, 443
Arkansas, admission, 272
Arnold, Benedict, 114, 120
Articles of Confederation, 110, 139ff., 146
Ashburton, treaty, 265
Assembly, colonial, 49ff., 89ff.
Assumption, 164ff.
Atlanta, 361
Australian ballot, 540
Bacon, Nathaniel, 58
Ballot: Australian, 540 short, 544
Baltimore, Lord, 6
Bank: first U.S., 167 second, 203, 257ff.
Banking system: state, 300 U.S. national, 369 services of, 407 See also Federal reserve
Barry, John, 118
Bastille, 172
Bell, John, 341
Belleau Wood, 611
Berlin decree, 194
Blockade: by England and France, 193ff. Southern ports, 353 law and practice in 1914, 598ff.
Bond servants, 13ff.
Boone, Daniel, 28, 218
Boston: massacre, 91 evacuation, 116 port bill, 94
Bowdoin, Governor, 142
Boxer rebellion, 499
Brandywine, 129
Breckinridge, J.C., 340
Bright, John, 355
Brown, John, 338
Brown University, 45
Bryan, W.J., 468ff., 495, 502, 503, 527
Buchanan, James, 335, 368
Budget system, 529
Bull Run, 350
Bunker Hill, 102
Burgoyne, General, 116, 118, 130
Burke, Edmund, 87, 96ff., 132, 175
Burr, Aaron, 183, 231
Business. See Industry
Calhoun, J.C., 198ff., 203, 208, 281, 321, 328
California, 286ff.
Canada, 61, 114, 530
Canals, 233, 298, 508
Canning, British premier, 206
Cannon, J.G., 530
Cantigny, 611
Caribbean, 479
Carpet baggers, 373
Cattle ranger, 431ff.
Caucus, 245
Censorship. See Newspapers
Charles I, 3
Charles II, 65
Charleston, 36, 116
Charters, colonial, 2ff., 41
Chase, Justice, 187
Château-Thierry, 611
Checks and balances, 153
Chesapeake, the, 195
Chickamauga, 361
Child labor law, 591
China, 447, 499ff.
Chinese labor, 583
Churches, colonial, 39ff., 42, 43
Cities, 35, 36, 300ff., 395, 410, 544
City manager plan, 545
Civil liberty, 358ff., 561
Civil service, 419, 536, 538ff.
Clarendon, Lord, 6
Clark, G.R., 116, 218
Clay, Henry, 198, 203, 248, 261, 328
Clayton anti-trust act, 489
Clergy. See Churches
Cleveland, Grover, 421, 465, 482, 484, 489, 582
Clinton, Sir Henry, 119
Colorado, admission, 441
Combination. See Trusts
Commerce, colonial, 33ff. disorders after 1781, 140 Constitutional provisions on, 154 Napoleonic wars, 176, 193ff. domestic growth of, 307 congressional regulation of, 460ff., 547 See also Trusts and Railways
Commission government, 544
Committees of correspondence, 108
Commonsense, pamphlet, 103
Communism, colonial, 20f.
Company, trading, 2f.
Compromises: of Constitution, 148, 150, 151 Missouri, 325, 332 of 1850, 328ff. Crittenden, 350
Conciliation, with England, 131
Concord, battle, 100
Confederacy, Southern, 346ff.
Confederation: New England, 61f. See also Articles of
Congregation, religious, 4
Congress: stamp act, 85 continental, 99ff. under Articles, 139f. under Constitution, 152 powers of, 153
Connecticut: founded, 4ff. self-government, 49 See also Suffrage constitutions, state
Conservation, 523ff.
Constitution: formation of, 143ff. See also Amendment
Constitution, the, 200
Constitutions, state, 109ff., 238ff., 385ff.
Constitutional union party, 340
Contract labor law, 584
Convention: 1787, 144ff. nominating, 405
Convicts, colonial, 15
Conway Cabal, 120
Cornwallis, General, 116, 119, 131
Corporation and labor, 571. See also Trusts
Cotton. See Planting system
Cowboy, 431ff.
Cowpens, battle, 116
Cox, J.M., 619
Crisis, The, pamphlet, 115
Crittenden Compromise, 350
Cuba, 485ff., 518
Cumberland Gap, 223
Currency. See Banking
Danish West Indies, purchased, 593
Dartmouth College, 45
Daughters of liberty, 84
Davis, Jefferson, 346ff.
Deane, Silas, 128
Debs, E.V., 465, 534
Debt, national, 164ff.
Decatur, Commodore, 477
Declaration of Independence, 101ff.
Defense, national, 154
De Kalb, 121
Delaware, 3, 49
De Lome affair, 490
Democratic party, name assumed, 260 See also Anti-Federalists
Dewey, Admiral, 492
Diplomacy: of the Revolution, 127ff. Civil War, 354
Domestic industry, 28
Donelson, Fort, 361
Dorr Rebellion, 243
Douglas, Stephen A., 333, 337, 368
Draft: Civil War, 351 World War, 605
Draft riots, 351
Dred Scott case, 335, 338
Drug act, 523
Duquesne, Fort, 60
Dutch, 3, 12
East India Company, 93
Education, 43ff., 557, 591
Electors, popular election of, 245
Elkins law, 547
Emancipation, 357ff.
Embargo acts, 186ff.
England: Colonial policy of, 64ff. Revolutionary War, 99ff. Jay treaty, 177 War of 1812, 198ff. Monroe Doctrine, 206 Ashburton treaty, 265 Civil War, 354 Alabama claims, 480 Samoa, 481 Venezuela question, 482 Spanish War, 496 World War, 596ff.
Erie Canal, 233
Esch-Cummins bill, 582
Espionage act, 607
Excess profits tax, 606
Executive, federal, plans for, 151
Expunging resolution, 260
Farm loan act, 589
Federal reserve act, 589
Federal trade commission, 590
Federalist, the, 158
Federalists, 168ff., 201ff.
Feudal elements in colonies, 21f.
Filipino revolt. See Philippines
Fillmore, President, 485
Finances: colonial, 64 revolutionary, 125ff. disorders, 140 Civil War, 347, 352ff. World War, 606 See also Banking
Fishing industry, 31
Fleet, world tour, 515
Florida, 134, 204
Foch, General, 611
Food and fuel law, 607
Force bills, 384 ff., 375
Forests, national, 525ff.
Fourteen points, 605
Fox, C.J., 132
France: colonization, 59ff. French and Indian War, 60ff. American Revolution, 116, 123, 128ff. French Revolution, 165ff. Quarrel with, 180 Napoleonic wars, 193ff. Louisiana purchase, 190 French Revolution of 1830, 266 Civil War, 354 Mexican affair, 478 World War, 596ff.
Franchises, utility, 548
Franklin, Benjamin, 45, 62, 82, 86, 128, 134
Freedmen. See Negro
Freehold. See Land
Free-soil party, 319
Frémont, J.C., 288, 334
French. See France
Friends, the, 5
Frontier. See Land
Fugitive slave act, 329
Fulton, Robert, 231, 234
Fundamental articles, 5
Fundamental orders, 5
Gage, General, 95, 100
Garfield, President, 416
Garrison, William Lloyd, 318
Gaspee, the, 92
Gates, General, 116, 120, 131
Genêt, 177
George I, 66
George II, 4, 66, 82
George III, 77ff.
Georgia: founded, 4 royal province, 49 state constitution, 109 See also Secession
Germans: colonial immigration, 9ff. in Revolutionary War, 102ff. later immigration, 303
Germany: Samoa, 481 Venezuela affair, 512 World War, 596f.
Gerry, Elbridge, 148
Gettysburg, 362
Gibbon, Edward, 133
Gold: discovery, 288 standard, 466, 472
Gompers, Samuel, 573, 608
Governor, royal, 49ff.
Grandfather clause, 386f.
Grangers, 460ff.
Grant, General, 361, 416, 480, 487
Great Britain. See England
Greeley, Horace, 420
Greenbacks, 454ff.
Greenbackers, 462ff.
Greene, General, 117, 120
Grenville, 79ff.
Guilford, battle, 117
Habeas corpus, 358
Hague conferences, 514
Haiti, 593
Hamilton, Alexander, 95, 143, 158, 162, 168ff., 231
Harding, W.G., 389, 619
Harlem Heights, battle, 114
Harper's Ferry, 339
Harrison, Benjamin, 422, 484
Harrison, W.H., 198, 263f.
Hartford convention, 201ff., 238
Harvard, 44
Hawaii, 484f.
Hay, John, 477, 500ff.
Hayne, Robert, 256
Hays, President, 416f.
Henry, Patrick, 85
Hepburn act, 523
Hill, James J., 429
Holland, 130
Holy Alliance, 205
Homestead act, 368, 432
Hooker, Thomas, 5
Houston, Sam, 279ff.
Howe, General, 118
Hughes, Charles E., 602
Huguenots, 10
Hume, David, 132
Hutchinson, Anne, 5
Idaho, admission, 442
Income tax, 459, 466, 528, 588, 606
Inheritance tax, 606
Illinois, admission, 226
Illiteracy, 585
Immigration: colonial, 1-17 before Civil War, 302, 367 after Civil War, 410ff. problems of, 582ff.
Imperialism, 494ff., 498f., 502ff.
Implied powers, 212
Impressment of seamen, 194
Indentured servants, 13f.
Independence, Declaration of, 107
Indiana, admission, 226
Indians, 57ff., 81, 431
Industry: colonial, 28ff. growth of, 296ff. during Civil War, 366 after 1865, 390ff., 401ff., 436ff., 559 See also Trusts
Initiative, the, 543
Injunction, 465, 580
Internal improvements, 260, 368
Interstate commerce act, 461, 529
Intolerable acts, 93
Invisible government, 537
Iowa, admission, 275
Irish, 11, 302
Iron. See Industry
Irrigation, 434ff., 523ff.
Jackson, Andrew, 201, 204, 246, 280
Jacobins, 174
James I, 3
James II, 65
Jamestown, 3, 21
Japan, relations with, 447, 511, 583
Jay, John, 128, 158, 177
Jefferson, Thomas: Declaration of Independence, 107 Secretary of State, 162ff. political leader, 169 as President, 183ff. Monroe Doctrine, 206, 231
Jews, migration of, 11
Johnson, Andrew, 365, 368, 371f.
Johnson, Samuel, 132
Joliet, 59
Jones, John Paul, 118
Judiciary: British system, 67 federal, 152
Kansas, admission, 441
Kansas-Nebraska bill, 333
Kentucky: admission, 224 Resolutions, 182
King George's War, 59
King Philip's War, 57
King William's War, 59
King's College (Columbia), 45
Knights of Labor, 575ff.
Kosciusko, 121
Ku Klux Klan, 382
Labor: rise of organized, 304 parties, 462ff. question, 521 American Federation, 573ff. legislation, 590 World War, 608ff.
Lafayette, 121
La Follette, Senator, 531
Land: tenure 20ff. sales restricted, 80 Western survey, 219 federal sales policy, 220 Western tenure, 228 disappearance of free, 445 new problems, 449 See also Homestead act
La Salle, 59
Lawrence, Captain, 200
League of Nations, 616ff.
Le Boeuf, Fort, 59
Lee, General Charles, 131
Lee, R.E., 357
Lewis and Clark expedition, 193
Lexington, battle, 100
Liberal Republicans, 420
Liberty loan, 606
Lincoln: Mexican War, 282 Douglas debates, 336f. election, 341 Civil War, 344ff. reconstruction, 371
Literacy test, 585
Livingston, R.R., 191
Locke, John, 95
London Company, 3
Long Island, battle, 114
Lords of trade, 67ff.
Louis XVI, 171ff.
Louisiana: ceded to Spain, 61 purchase, 190ff. admission, 227
Loyalists. See Tories
Lusitania, the, 601ff.
McClellan, General, 362, 365
McCulloch vs. Maryland, 211
McKinley, William, 422, 467ff., 489ff.
Macaulay, Catherine, 132
Madison, James, 158, 197ff.
Maine, 325
Maine, the, 490
Manila Bay, battle, 492
Manors, colonial, 22
Manufactures. See Industry
Marbury vs. Madison, 209
Marietta, 220
Marion, Francis, 117, 120
Marquette, 59
Marshall, John, 208ff.
Martineau, Harriet, 267
Maryland, founded, 6, 49, 109, 239, 242
Massachusetts: founded, 3ff. See also Immigration, Royal province, Industry, Revolutionary War, Constitutions, state, Suffrage, Commerce, and Industry
Massachusetts Bay Company, 3 founded, 3ff. See also Immigration, Royal province
Mayflower compact, 4
Mercantile theory, 69
Merchants. See Commerce
Merrimac, the, 353
Meuse-Argonne, battle, 612
Mexico: and Texas, 278ff. later relations, 594f.
Michigan, admission, 273
Midnight appointees, 187
Milan Decree, 194
Militia, Revolutionary War, 122
Minimum wages, 551
Minnesota, admission, 275
Mississippi River, and West, 189f.
Missouri Compromise, 207, 227, 271, 325, 332
Molasses act, 71
Money, paper, 80, 126, 155, 369
Monitor, the, 353
Monroe, James, 204ff., 191
Monroe Doctrine, 205, 512
Montana, admission, 442
Montgomery, General, 114
Morris, Robert, 127
Mothers' pensions, 551
Mohawks, 57
Muckraking, 536f.
Mugwumps, 420
Municipal ownership, 549
Napoleon I, 190
Napoleon III: Civil War, 354f. Mexico, 477
National Labor Union, 574
National road, 232
Nationalism, colonial, 56ff.
Natural rights, 95
Navigation acts, 69
Navy: in Revolution, 188 War of 1812, 195 Civil War, 353 World War, 610. See also Sea Power
Nebraska, admission, 441
Negro: Civil rights, 370ff. in agriculture, 393ff. status of, 396ff. See also Slavery
New England: colonial times, 6ff., 35, 40ff. See also Industry, Suffrage, Commerce, and Wars
New Hampshire: founded, 4ff. See also Immigration, Royal province, Suffrage, and Constitutions, state
New Jersey, founded, 6. See also Immigration, Royal province, Suffrage, and Constitutions, state
Newlands, Senator, 524
New Mexico, admission, 443
New Orleans, 59, 190 battle, 201
Newspapers, colonial, 46ff.
New York: founded by Dutch, 3 transferred to English, 49 See also Dutch, Immigration, Royal province, Commerce, Suffrage, and Constitutions, state
New York City, colonial, 36
Niagara, Fort, 59
Nicaragua protectorate, 594
Non-intercourse act, 196ff.
Non-importation, 84ff., 99
North, Lord, 100, 131, 133
North Carolina: founded, 6. See also Royal province, Immigration, Suffrage, and Constitutions, state
North Dakota, admission, 442
Northwest Ordinance, 219
Nullification, 182, 251ff.
Oglethorpe, James, 3
Ohio, admission, 225
Oklahoma, admission, 443
Open door policy, 500
Oregon, 284ff.
Ostend Manifesto, 486
Otis, James, 88, 95f.
Pacific, American influence, 447
Paine, Thomas, 103, 115, 175
Panama Canal, 508ff.
Panics: 1837, 262 1857, 336 1873, 464 1893, 465
Parcel post, 529
Parker, A.B., 527
Parties: rise of, 168ff. Federalists, 169ff. Anti-Federalists (Jeffersonian Republicans), 169ff. Democrats, 260 Whigs, 260ff. Republicans, 334ff. Liberal Republicans, 420 Constitutional union, 340 minor parties, 462ff.
Paterson, William, 196ff.
Penn, William, 6
Pennsylvania: founded, 6 See also Penn, Germans, Immigration, Industry, Revolutionary War, Constitutions, state, Suffrage
Pennsylvania University, 45
Pensions, soldiers and sailors, 413, 607 mothers', 551
Pequots, 57
Perry, O.H., 200
Pershing, General, 610
Philadelphia, 36, 116
Philippines, 492ff., 516ff., 592
Phillips, Wendell, 320
Pierce, Franklin, 295, 330
Pike, Z., 193, 287
Pilgrims, 4
Pinckney, Charles, 148
Pitt, William, 61, 79, 87, 132
Planting system, 22f., 25, 149, 389, 393ff.
Plymouth, 4, 21
Polk, J.K., 265, 285f.
Polygamy, 290f.
Populist party, 464
Porto Rico, 515, 592
Postal savings bank, 529
Preble, Commodore, 196
Press. See Newspapers
Primary, direct, 541
Princeton, battle, 129 University, 45
Profit sharing, 572
Progressive party, 531f.
Prohibition, 591f.
Proprietary colonies, 3, 6
Provinces, royal, 49ff.
Public service, 538ff.
Pulaski, 121
Pullman strike, 465
Pure food act, 523
Puritans, 3, 7, 40ff.
Quakers, 6ff.
Quartering act, 83
Quebec act, 94
Queen Anne's War, 59
Quit rents, 21f.
Radicals, 579
Railways, 298, 402, 425, 460ff., 547, 621
Randolph, Edmund, 146, 147, 162
Ratification, of Constitution, 156ff.
Recall, 543
Reclamation, 523ff.
Reconstruction, 370ff.
Referendum, the, 543
Reign of terror, 174
Republicans: Jeffersonian, 179 rise of present party, 334ff. supremacy of, 412ff. See also McKinley, Roosevelt, and Taft
Resumption, 454
Revolution: American, 99ff. French, 171ff. Russian, 619
Rhode Island: founded, 4ff. self-government, 49 See also Suffrage
Roosevelt, Theodore, 492, 500ff., 531, 570
Royal province, 49ff.
Russia, 205, 207, 355, 479, 619
Russo-Japanese War, 511f.
Saint Mihiel, 612
Samoa, 481
San Jacinto, 280
Santa Fé trail, 287
Santo Domingo, 480, 513, 592
Saratoga, battle, 116, 130
Savannah, 116, 131
Scandinavians, 278
Schools. See Education
Scott, General, 283, 330
Scotch-Irish, 7ff.
Seamen's act, 590
Sea power: American Revolution, 118 Napoleonic wars, 193ff. Civil War, 353 Caribbean, 593 Pacific, 447 World War, 610ff.
Secession, 344ff.
Sedition: act of 1798, 180ff., 187 of 1918, 608
Senators, popular election, 527, 541ff.
Seven Years' War, 60ff.
Sevier, John, 218
Seward, W.H., 322, 342
Shafter, General, 492
Shays's rebellion, 142
Sherman, General, 361
Sherman: anti-trust law, 461 silver act, 458
Shiloh, 361
Shipping. See Commerce
Shipping act, 607
Silver, free, 455ff.
Slavery: colonial, 16f. trade, 150 in Northwest, 219 decline in North, 316f. growth in South, 320ff. and the Constitution, 324 and territories, 325ff. compromises, 350 abolished, 357ff.
Smith, Joseph, 290
Socialism, 577ff.
Solid South, 388
Solomon, Hayn, 126
Sons of liberty, 82
South: economic and political views, 309ff. See also Slavery and Planting system, and Reconstruction
South Carolina: founded, 6 nullification, 253ff. See also Constitutions, state, Suffrage, Slavery, and Secession
South Dakota, 442
Spain: and Revolution, 130 Louisiana, 190 Monroe Doctrine, 205 Spanish War, 490ff.
Spoils system, 244, 250, 418, 536ff.
Stamp act, 82ff.
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 564
States: disorders under Articles of Confederation, 141 constitutions, federal limits on, 155 position after Civil War, 366ff. See also Suffrage, Nullification, and Secession
Steamboat, 234
Stowe, H.B., 332
Strikes: of 1877, 581 Pullman, 581 coal, 526 See also Labor
Submarine campaign, 600ff.
Suffrage: colonial, 42, 51 first state constitutions, 239 White manhood, 242 Negro, 374ff., 385f. Woman, 110, 562ff.
Sugar act, 81
Sumner, Charles, 319
Sumter, Fort, 350
Swedes, 3, 13
Taft, W.H., 527ff.
Tammany Hall, 306, 418
Taney, Chief Justice, 357
Tariff: first, 167 of 1816, 203 development of, 251ff. abominations, 249, 253 nullification, 251 of 1842, 264 Southern views of, 309ff. of 1857, 337 Civil War, 367 Wilson bill, 459 McKinley bill, 422 Dingley bill, 472 Payne-Aldrich, 528 Underwood, 588
Taxation: and representation, 149 and Constitution, 154 Civil War, 353 and wealth, 522, 551 and World War, 606
Tea act, 88
Tea party, 92
Tenement house reform, 549
Tennessee, 28, 224
Territories, Northwest, 219 South of the Ohio, 219 See also Slavery and Compromise
Texas, 278ff.
Tippecanoe, battle, 198
Tocqueville, 267
Toleration, religious, 42
Tories, colonial, 84 in Revolution, 112
Townshend acts, 80, 87
Trade, colonial, 70 legislation, 70. See Commerce
Transylvania company, 28
Treasury, independent, 263
Treaties, of 1763, 61 alliance with France, 177 of 1783 with England, 134 Jay, 177, 218 Louisiana purchase, 191f. of 1815, 201 Ashburton, 265 of 1848 with Mexico, 283 Washington with England, 481 with Spain, 492 Versailles (1919), 612ff.
Trenton, battle, 116
Trollope, Mrs., 268
Trusts, 405ff., 461, 472ff., 521, 526, 530
Tweed, W.M., 418
Tyler, President, 264ff., 281, 349
"Uncle Tom's Cabin," 332
Union party, 365
Unions. See Labor
Utah, 290ff., 329, 442
Utilities, municipal, 548
Vallandigham, 360
Valley Forge, 116, 129
Van Buren, Martin, 262
Venango, Fort, 59
Venezuela, 482ff., 512
Vermont, 223
Vicksburg, 361
Virginia: founded, 3. See also Royal province, Constitutions, state, Planting system, Slavery, Secession, and Immigration
Walpole, Sir Robert, 66
Wars: colonial, 57ff. Revolutionary, 99ff. of 1812, 199ff. Mexican, 282ff. Civil, 344ff. Spanish, 490ff. World, 596ff.
Washington: warns French, 60 in French war, 63 commander-in-chief, 101ff. and movement for Constitution, 142ff. as President, 166ff. Farewell Address, 178
Washington City, 166
Washington State, 442
Webster, 256, 265, 328
Welfare work, 573
Whigs: English, 78 colonial, 83 rise of party, 260ff., 334, 340
Whisky Rebellion, 171
White Camelia, 382
White Plains, battle, 114
Whitman, Marcus, 284
William and Mary College, 45
Williams, Roger, 5, 42
Wilmot Proviso, 326
Wilson, James, 147
Wilson, Woodrow, election, 533f. administrations, 588ff.
Winthrop, John, 3
Wisconsin, admission, 274
Witchcraft, 41
Wollstonecraft, Mary, 556
Women: colonial, 28 Revolutionary War, 124 labor, 305 education and civil rights, 554ff. suffrage, 562ff.
Workmen's compensation, 549
Writs of assistance, 88
Wyoming, admission, 442
X, Y, Z affair, 180
Yale, 44
Young, Brigham, 290
Zenger, Peter, 48
* * * * *
Printed in the United States of America.
* * * * *
[Transcriber's notes:
Punctuation normalized in all Underwood and Underwood, N.Y.
Superscripted letters are denoted with a caret. For example, G^O WASHINGTON.
Period added after Mass on verso page. Original read "Mass, U.S.A."
I. , page 19, period added to pp. 55-159 and pp. 242-244
Chapter IV, page 61 cooperation changed to coöperation twice to match rest of text usage. Also on page 620.
XII. , page 269 added period after "Vol" Vol. II
Chapter XII, page 270. Title of work reads "Selected Documents of United States History, 1776-1761". Research shows the document does have this title.
XXIV. , page 579 word "on" changed to "one" "five commissioners, one of whom,"
Topical Syllabus. Missing periods added to normalize punctuation in entries such as on page 648 (4) Sixteenth Amendment--income tax (528-529).
Appendix, page 631, comma changed to semi-colon on "bills of credit;" to match rest of list. Also on "obligation of contracts;"
Index, page 657, changed "Freesoil" to Free-soil to match rest of text usage.
Index, page 660, space removed from "396 ff." changed to "status of, 396ff."
Index, Page 662, added comma to States: disorders under Articles of Constitution, 141]