III. 1660-1846 (part 2 of 2)
Statutes, 153; touching alienation of land, 69; touching depopulation, 315 (see also below); touching enclosure, 247 (see also below); of Merton (1234), 87; of Marlborough (1267), 37; of Acton Burnel (1283), 162; of Merchants (1285), 161-163; of Winchester (1285), 160; of Mortmain, 146, 150; of Quia Emptores (1290), 29_n._; of Labourers, 153, 168, 171-178, 231, 314, 323, 325, 367, 388 (see also below); of Monopolies, 399, 465-468 (see also below); of Inmates, 275; Poor Law, 275, 366 (see also below); 3 Edward I., touching freedom of elections, 309, 310; 12 Richard II., touching labourers, 171, 314, 323; 13 Richard II., touching wages, 324; 8 Henry VI., touching regrators of yarn, 340; 15 Henry VI., touching gild ordinances, 279; 18 Henry VI., touching hosting of aliens, 153, 198, 199; 4 Edward IV., touching truck, 318; 4 Henry VII., touching depopulation, 229, 271_n._, 324; 12 Henry VII., touching merchant companies, 444, 445, 453; 19 Henry VII., touching gild ordinances, 279, 284, 307; 6 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 229; 7 Henry VIII. ditto, 229, 260; 22 Henry VIII., touching gilds, 280, 285, 310; 25 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 229, 264; 27 Henry VIII., ditto, 229, 269; 28 Henry VIII., touching gilds, 280, 284; 31 Henry VIII., touching cornmarkets, 368; 33 Henry VIII., touching gaming houses, 442; 35 Henry VIII., touching depopulation, 269; 37 Henry VIII., touching gilds and chantries, 280, 287_n._; 1 Edward VI., ditto, 280, 286, 291; do., touching vagrants, 323; 5 Edward VI., touching depopulation, 324; 5 and 6 Edward VI., ditto, 229; do., touching gig-mills, 442; 3 Philip and Mary, touching depopulation, 229; 5 Elizabeth, touching depopulation, 229; do., touching weavers, 344; 5 Elizabeth, Statute of Artificers, 306, 307, 315, 325-336, 361, 424, 442, 544, 557, 576, 591, 624, 656; apprenticeship clauses of, 544, 579-589, 590; do., administration of, 353, 361; do., repeal of, 588; wages clauses of, 544, 576, 577; do., administration of, 341, 352; do., repeal of, petition against, 576; breaches of, 334, 342, 352, 353, 361; proceedings before Privy Council on, 361, 362; 19th century opinion on, 576-589; 8 Elizabeth, touching export of cloth, 426; establishing Muscovy Company, 453; 13 Elizabeth, touching export of corn, 428; 14 Elizabeth, touching compulsory poor rate, 372; 31 Elizabeth, touching depopulation, 229; 39 Elizabeth, ditto, 229, 268, 270_n._; 43 Elizabeth, touching poor relief, 364, 380, 662; 1 James I., ditto, 343, 557, 656; 21 James I., touching depopulation, 229; 21 James I., touching monopolies, 465; 12 Charles II., Navigation Act, 670; 14 Charles II., Settlement Act, 647; 7 George I., touching combinations, 624; 9 George I., touching workhouses, 650; 12 George I., touching truck, 546; 7 George III., touching poor relief, 663; 13 George III., Spitalfields Act, 547; 39 George III., touching combinations, 626; 26 George III., touching Sinking Fund, 679; 39 and 40 George III., touching industrial arbitration, 568, 570, 576; 39 and 40 George III., touching combinations, 618, 627, 633; 41 George III., touching enclosures, 537; 42 George III., touching factories, 504; 44 George III., touching industrial arbitration, 570, 576; 54 George I I., touching apprenticeship, 588; 55 George III., Corn Law, 697; 59 George III., Factory Act, 591; 3 and 4 William IV., ditto, 594; 4 and 5 William IV., Poor Law Amendment Act, 663; 7 and 8 Victoria, Factory Act, 612; do., Bank Charter Act, 702; 8 and 9 Victoria, General Enclosure Act, 541
Statute Law Revision Act (1863), 229
Steam power, use of, 544
Steelyard, the, 416, 417, 418, 440
Stock and land leases, 79, 81_n._, 245, 246
Stocks, punishment of, 172, 329, 366
Stafford, policy of, in Ireland, 399, 470-472
Strikers, prosecuted under law of conspiracy, 635
Strikes, 196, 617, 618, 619-622, 631-633, 635 (see also Combinations, Labour disputes)
Stuarts, the, fiscal methods of, 399 (see also Patents)
Tailors, journeymen, combination of, 617, 622-624
Tariff war, with Netherlands, 399
Taxation, 203-216, 667; aids, 29; carucage, 21, 32; do., fines for evasion of, 32, 33; geld, 12, 15, 16; Parliamentary subsidies, 406, 468; tonnage and poundage, 206; Parliamentary tenths and fifteenths, 170, 171; do., assessment of, 204, 205; scutage (see Scutage); tallage, 27, 65, 80, 82, 93, 117, 127; do., assessment of, in London, 35; do., assessed on Jews, 46; Pitt on incidence of, 686 (see also Income Tax); Walpole on incidence of, 679
Taxes, the Assessed, 684
Tenures of land (see Burgage, Copyhold, Customary tenure, Feudal, Freehold, Leasehold, Villeinage)
Testimonials or certificates of service, 172, 174, 175, 324, 327, 334-336, 353
Theam, 125
Tin, internal trade in, patent for, 442
Tithes, 249, 288, 289, 380, 528
Tolls (see Boroughs, Fairs, Lastage, Markets, Murage, Passage, Pavage, Pesage, Stallage)
Towns (see Boroughs)
Trade, Internal, combinations in restraint of, 108, 128-130 (see also Craft-gilds, Gilds Merchant, Trade Unions); intermunicipal, 112, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 133, 134, 152, 280, 282; municipal regulation of, 280, 282, 283, 294-299; state regulation of, 152, 153, 160-178; restrictions on, by a lord, 133; of aliens in England, 127
Trade, Colonial, effect of Navigation Act on, 672-674
Trade, Foreign, 152, 698-701; condition of, in 1587, 438-440; do., in 19th century, 689-692; depression of, 364, 383; encouragement of export and checking of import, 398, 399, 407-416, 424, 425, 426, 431-434, 439, 440, 454-461; export of dressed cloth, 398, 399, 402-404, 426, 454-461, 469; export of undressed cloth, 398, 399, 402-404, 424, 426, 454, 459; fluctuations of, 610; fostering of, 397, 398; instructions to a factor in Turkey, 431-434; perils of, 181, 188-192; protection of, 153, 187; relative merits of exports and imports discussed, 413, 421-425; with Africa, 691; with the Baltic, 691; with Canada, 690; with Continent, 502, 690; with East Indies, 452; with Flanders, 413; with France, 413; with Italy, 413; with Levant, 452, 691; with Low Countries, 179; with Portugal, 690, 691; with Russia, 449, 450, 452; with South America, 690, 691; with Spain, 413, 690; with United States, 502, 689, 690, 691; with West Indies, 690
Trade, Board of, 597
Trade boards, local, advocated, 596, 597
Trade Unions, 281, 617, 618; benefit clubs of, 618, 626; funds of, 629, 637 (see also Combinations, Journeymen, Labour disputes)
Trial by battle, 119, 123
Trial by jury, 123
Truck, 284, 318, 513; acts against, 318, 544, 545
Tumbrel, 156
Turkey Company, 431, 450
Unemployment, 364, 366, 369-373, 383, 390, 398, 573, 611
Unions of parishes for relief of poor, 651, 664, 665
Universities, 287, 287_n._
Usury, 44, 45, 49, 51, 154; London ordinance touching, 200; petition in Chancery touching, 201; petition in Parliament touching, 200
Utopia, Sir Thomas More's, 275
Vagrants, 323, 335, 366, 369, 378, 379, 384, 388, 647, 648, 654 (see also Beggars, Bridewells, Houses of Correction, Labourers, Ordinance of, Poor, Workhouses)
Village greens, excluded from enclosure act, 541
Villeins, bondmen, 9, 16, 17, 32, 36, 54, 55, 69, 71-75, 90-102, 165, 231, 249; actions brought by, 55; flight of, 55; grant of, 55, 98; imprisonment of, 99, 100, 101; licensed to leave a manor, 72, 75; manumission of, 55, 97; received in boroughs, 121, 125; regardant, 101; runaway, 69, 73, 74, 75, 125
Villeinage (status), 75, 228; acknowledgment of, 93, 94; cases before the Courts touching, 88-90, 92-97; survival of, in sixteenth century, 228, 231
Villeinage (tenure), bondage land, 24, 32, 54, 55, 66, 67, 68, 69, 84, 86, 235, 239, 248; grant of, by charter, 97
Wages, allowances in aid of, 646, 656; assessment of, under Statutes of Artificers, 314, 316, 325, 328, 329, 341-343, 345-353, 356-7, 359, 543, 546-7, 554, 576, 577, 631-2; do., abandoned, 576-7, 656; do., draft bill in House of Commons for, 336-341; do., petitions and requests for, 356-7, 361; do., under Spitalfields Act, 544, 547-551, 558; conspiracies to raise, 139, 140, 196; demand of excessive, 139, 140, 164-174, 176, 314, 324, 360, 361; depression of, 188, 314, 357, 358, 359, 507, 521, 590, 605; do., in cotton industry, 500, 501; in colonies, 315, 360; maximum, 315, 554; maximum, fixed by Statute, 153, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178, 624_n._; minimum, 315, 316, 342, 544; do., bill in House of Commons for, 554-568; proclamation of, by justices, under Stat. 13 Richard II, 323_n._, 324; proposals for a sliding scale of, for agricultural labourers, 552-53; rates of, fixed by journeymen combinations, 620-622, 623, 624, 630, 637, 638; regulation of, by towns, 280, 282, 284, 296, 316; do., by wages boards, 544
Wages boards, advocated, 596, 597; in Scotland, 597
Wales, Council of, 429, 430
Wardpenny, 80
Wardship and marriage (see Feudal)
Wards and Liveries, Court of, 21, 670
Waste (see Commons)
Watchmakers, resolutions of, on apprenticeship, 588
Water power, 592; in woollen industry, 482
Weavers Act (1555), 320
Weavers, Cotton, journeymen, petition of, to House of Commons, 500; hand-loom, proposals for wages boards by, 596, 597
Weights and measures, 132, 154, 155, 214, 248, 388; assize of (see Assizes)
Women, employment of, in agriculture, 7, 8, 173, 177, 178, 329, 346, 347, 547; in coal mines, 598, 599; in woollen industry, 350, 483; suggestions for employment of, in colonies, 436
Wool, 55, 265, 282, 284, 303; export of, 179-185, 187, 193, 407; growers, 355, 483; merchants, 132, 355, 484, 487 (see also Staple and Staplers); price of, 407; Spanish, 431; do., import of, 494; do., patent to import, 441; do., worked in England, 492
Woolcombers, benefit clubs of, 626
Woollen Cloth Industry, 154, 183, 184, 187, 188, 265, 282, 284, 357-360, 383, 399, 432, 503; apprenticeship in, 499, 500; do., abolished, 587, 587_n_; condition of, in eighteenth century, 479, 482-487, 492-495, 545, 546; credit trading in, 493-95; dyeing in, 141-144; fraudulent workmanship in, 432; geographical distribution of, 484; hiring of looms in, 320, 321; limitation of number of looms, to clothiers, 318, 321, 344; organisation of, in seventeenth century, 354; state regulation of, 317-322, 330, 331, 336-341, 343, 344, 345, 350, 351, 352, 357-360, 382, 383, 398, 399, 402-404, 426, 454-461; in Ireland, discouraged by Strafford, 471
Woollen Cloth Trade, internal trade in, 399, 404, 468-470; export trade in, 198, 301, 398, 399, 402-404, 421, 426, 427, 431-434, 438, 440, 441, 446, 447, 450, 453-461, 469; do., patent for, 443; foreign criticism of English cloth, 319, 587
Workhouses, 369-372, 380, 586, 646, 648, 649; character of work provided in, 369, 370, 657-659; mortality in, 659, 660
Workhouse Test Act (1722), 650
Working Men's Association, address of, to Queen Victoria, 641
Wreck of sea, 37, 40, 122
Writs, 39, 101; return of, 37; service of carrying, 28, 63; of Chancery, 48; of Jewry, 44, 48; of certiorari, 202; of corpus cum causa, 200; of precipe, 36; of quo warranto, 474; of recordari facias, 236; of replevin, 236; of right, the little, 55, 91; of scire facias, 474; of subpoena, 186, 244, 277
Yarn, imported from Ireland, 485, 486
Yeomanry organisations, 280, 300, 302 (see also Craft-gilds, Journeymen)
Young, Arthur, his account of farming in Norfolk, 523, 530, 534; his advocacy of enclosures, 524; his criticism of commissioners' methods, 536, 537