A Dictionary of Cebuano Visayan (part 5 of 12)

A Dictionary of Cebuano Visayan (part 5 of 12)

húbung a full and plump. Húbung ning mga síku, These sapodillas are nice and plump. v [B2] full and rounded. Magkahúbung ang láwas sa babáying maghinága, The body of a girl becomes full and rounded as she approaches adolescence.

húbut {1} = hulbut. {2} = bulhut, 1, 2, 3.

húbuy v [A2S; b6(1)] swell from a bruise. Mihúbuy ang agtang níyang napangkà, His forehead bumped against s.t. and swelled. hubuyhubuy a very plump and soft to the touch. v [B; b6] be, become soft to the touch. Ug maghubuyhubuy na gánì ang hubag hápit na nà mubutu, When a boil gets soft and tender, it is about to erupt. Naghubuyhubuy na ang tsíkus sa kahinug, The sapodillas are soft from ripeness.

hubyà a lazy (dialectal).

hubyas n k.o. boat hollowed from a single log.

húd = hulud.

húdas n Judas Iscariot or St. Jude Thaddeus. a betrayer.

hudhud v [A; c] scrape off, chip, uproot s.t. shallow by pushing it with a knife or some instrument. Naghudhud siya sa káhuy pára sungsung, He’s whittling a piece of wood with a chisel to make a stopper. Hudhúra ang mga sagbut sa daplin sa dálan, Scrape out the weeds growing at the edges of the road. {2} [A; c] bury in a shallow way. Gihudhud lang ang gibunù, They just put the murder victim in a shallow grave. {3} [a12] catch with a hudhud net. n {1} instrument for scraping, chipping. {2} k.o. dip net used in shallow waters for catching small fish and crustaceans. paN- v [A2; b6] catch with a hudhud net. n fishing with a hudhud.

hudir v [A; a1] {1} bother, disturb the peace. Ang inyung áway nakahudir sa mga silíngan, Your quarrel has disturbed the neighbors. Gihudir ang mamumúnù sa íyang kunsyinsiya, The murderer was bothered by his conscience. {2} make s.o. suffer discomfort or misery. Ang ímung bisyu mauy maghudir nímu, Your vices will make you miserable. Gihurut níyag káun ang sud-an. Akuy nahudir ug sulag asin, She ate all the food. All I had left to eat was rice and salt.

Hudíya n Judea.

hudiyákà n noisy merriment, a rejoicing. Ang Pasku punù sa hudiyákà, Christmas is full of noisy merriment. v [A12C2; c5] rejoice, make merry. Gihudiyákà níla ang nahitabù, They were noisily merry over what had happened. ma-un a full of noise and merriment.

hudíyu n {1} Jew. {2} s.o. regarded as evil, cruel. Hudíyu kaáyu nang tawhána. Wà giyuy kalúuy, That man is a demon. He has no mercy. Ikawng hudiyúa ka, ay na giyug bálik diri, You s.o.b.! Don’t you ever come back here!

hudlat n idle threat made to frighten s.o., but which one has no intention of carrying out. Dì lang ni hudlat. Tinud-un giyud, This is no mere threat. I mean to do it. v [AN; a1] frighten with an idle threat. Hudlátun níla ang isdà paingun sa báling, They are frightening the fish into going to the net.

hudnu v [A; c] {1} put into the oven to cook. Naghudnu siya sa kík, She is baking the cake. {2} dry coconut meat in a wood-fired drier. Hudnúhun (ihudnu) lang ang lubi ug tingúlan, We simply dry coconut meat in the drier during the rainy season. n {1} oven. {2} coconut drier made of bamboo flooring under which there is a pit where fire is kept going. hudnuhan = hudnu, n. paN- n baking.

húg = hulug. see húlug.

hū́g = húlug.

húgà = hulgà.

hugádu a for machine and structure parts to fit too loosely. Hungaw ang tangki kay ang balbula hugádu, The tank is leaky because the valve is loose. v [B12] be, become loose.

hugadur a a habitual gambler. v [B12; b6] be, become a gambler.

hugalbù n {1} loud popping, plopping sound. Ang hugalbù sa pag-ibut sa bakíta sa luthang, The popping sound when you pull the plunger. {2} swampy place, mire. v {1} [A; c1] make a hollow, plopping sound. Maghugalbù ang túbig nga mag-ambak, Water dropping from a height produces a loud plopping sound. {2} [B2; b6] fall with a plop. Naghugalbù ku sa bínug, I fell into the mire.

hugalbung n heavy pounding or thumping sound. Ang hugalbung sa bawud, The pounding sound of the waves. v [A] make a heavy pounding or thumping sound. Mihugalbung ang usa ka búlig lubi nga nahū́g, The bunch of coconuts fell and hit the ground with a loud thumping sound. -in- n continuous or off-and-on pounding or thumping sound.

hugalbut v [A] make a popping or plopping sound. Mihugalbut ang luthang dihang gikalit ug hulbut ang bakíta, The popgun popped when the plunger was suddenly pulled out. Naghugalbut ang íyang sapátus sa lápuk, His shoes went plop plop in the mud.

hugangkul v [A] {1} clank, clatter. Mihugangkul ang kaldíru nga nalígid sa hagdanan, The pot clattered as it rolled down the stairs. {2} land in jail. Mihugangkul siya sa prisuhan kay nangáwat man, He landed in jail because he stole.

hugan-ub = lugan-ub.

hugar_1 v {1} [A12] get the chance to do mischief by being momentarily free from s.o.’s watchful eyes. Nakahugar mi sa balay kay wà ang íyang ginikánan, We had a chance to do mischief because her parents were gone. {2} [A] impose one’s wishes on s.o. Ngánung maghugar ka sa ákung kaugalíngun? Why do you tell me what to do in my own house?

hugar_2 n k.o. institution during pre-war times that gave out mortgages on real estate. Naimbargu sa hugar ang ílang balay, The bank foreclosed the mortgage on their house. v [c] be mortgaged to the hugar. Ihugar nátù ning átung yútà pára ipuhúnan, We’ll mortgage our land to the hugar to get capital.

húgas v {1} [b6(1)] wash anything but clothes. Hugási ang prútas únà kan-a, Wash the fruit before you eat it. {2} [A; b6(1)] make clean in a religious or moral sense, purify. Hugási ang ímung kangil-ad pinaági sa pagbag-u, Cleanse yourself of your immoral deeds by reforming. {3} [A; a] exterminate, rid a place of s.t. Wà mahúgas ni Hitlir ang mga Hudíyu, Hitler did not succeed in exterminating the Jews. (→) n s.t. used to clean, esp. the swab for cleaning palm toddy dregs out of the tube in which it had been gathered. paN- v [A2; b6(1)] wash oneself. -in- n dishwater. -un(→) n dishes to be washed. -an(→) n {1} place for washing. {2} = hugasun. paN-an(→) = hugasan, n 1.

húgaw a {1} dirty, unclean. Húgaw na ang íyang sinínà, His shirt is soiled. Húgaw kaáyu nang kan-anána, That eatery is terribly unclean. {2} dirty, of questionable morality. Ayg panarátu ánang bayhána kay húgaw nà, Don’t court that girl. She is of questionable morals. Húgaw kaáyu ang kagamhánan, We have a corrupt government. Húgaw kaáyu muáway tung baksíra, That boxer fights dirty. {2a} — ug batásan having bad traits, ugly ways of conducting oneself. Húgawg batásan kay isipan, He has a bad character because he counts favors he did for people. v [AP; b] {1} soil, make s.t. dirty. Ayaw hugáwi ang ákung ngálan, Do not besmirch my name. {1a} [A; a] do s.t. in a dirty way. Ayaw hugáwa ang inyung pagdúlà, Don’t play dirty. {2} [A13] make oneself ridiculous by doing s.t. one is not capable of accomplishing. Naghúgaw kag aswat ánang batu, mu ra kag kusgan, You are making yourself ridiculous lifting that stone as if you were strong. n {1} dirt. {2} — sa laláki semen (euphemism). {3} waste matter. Ang húgaw ánang pabrikáha anhà ra áwas sa subà, The waste products from that factory go into the river. Bátang nagdúlà sa kaugalíngun níyang húgaw, A child playing with his own feces. -an(→) a given to dirty habits. v [B12] be, become given to dirty habits. ma- = húgaw, a. ka- n {1} dirtiness. {2} corruptness. hugawhugaw v [A13] 1 dirty oneself up. Ngánung naghugawhugaw man ka dihà sa yánang? Why are you dirtying yourself in the mire? {2} = húgaw, v 2.

hugay n device consisting of strings to which noisemakers are hung to scare away birds that feed on rice. v [A; b] put up such a device.

hugáyaw = hugyaw.

hughug = halughug_1.

hugità v [B6; a12] for corn grits that are supposed to be cooked dry to come out wet and unevenly cooked. Maghugità ang kan-un ug dílì nímu sugkáyun, Corn grits will not cook evenly if you don’t keep stirring them. a corn grits that are wet and unevenly cooked.

hugkal (from hukal) v [B2; b6] {1} for s.t. that is spread over a surface and stuck to it to loosen. Mihugkal na ang kupras, The coconut meat is loose in the shell now. Nagkahugkal na ang manikiyur sa ákung mga kuku, My nail polish is getting loose. {2} for a cough to loosen. Tambal nga nakahugkal (nakapahugkal) sa ákung ubu, Medicine that loosened my cough.

hugkas = hubkas.

hugkat (from lúkat) v [A; a1b2] dig up s.t. out from under s.t. else. Daghang nahugkatan (hihugkatan) nílang mga karáang kabtángan sa Maktan, They have unearthed lots of old treasures on Mactan. {2} dig out to find s.t. not known. Ímu pa bang hugkátun ang nangági? Do you still have to dig to find out about what has long since been water over the dam?

hugmad v [A; c1] clean rice and let it dry part way before storing it. -in- n rice cleaned and half-dried, ready for storing.

hugnà n one of a series of events or subdivisions in a sporting event. Únang hugnà sa lumbà sa bisiklíta, The first lap of the bicycle race. Ang únang hugnà sa íyang pánaw, The first leg of his trip. Ang ikaduhang hugnà sa súlung, The second phase of the assault. hugnàhugnà v {1} [A1; a2] do s.t. by laps, installments. Hugnàhugnáun nátug túkud ang taytáyan, Let’s construct the bridge in phases. {2} [A13; b(1)] make repeated attempts. Gihugnàhugnáan na nákung iprinda ning singsínga, I’ve made repeated attempts to pawn this ring (without much success). {3} [B13] for rain to fall heavily at short intervals. Ayaw na lang panghayhay kay naghugnàhugnà ang ulan, Don’t hang out the wash because it is showering. n s.t. that comes at intervals, e.g., rain showers.

hugnù v [A3PB12; a1] for structures to collapse, cause them to do so. Mahugnù ang taytáyan ug mabug-atan, The bridge will collapse if too heavy a weight passes over it. Nagkahugnù na ang balayng karáan, The house is about to collapse because it is so old. {1a} for a person to collapse. Nahugnù siya pagkadungug sa balità, She collapsed when she heard the news. {1b} for hopes, peace, life to collapse. Nahugnù ang ílang kalípay pagkamatay sa bátà, When their child died, their happiness was destroyed. Hugnúun ku ang íyang pagláum sa ákung balíbad, I’ll refuse him and destroy his hopes. Nahugnù ang kagamhánan tungud sa mga kumunista, The government was toppled because of the communists. {3} [AP; bc1] harvest coconuts. Maghugnù (magpahugnù) mi sa lubi káda trimistri, We harvest the coconuts every four months. n yield of coconuts. Dyis míl ang hugnù sa kalubinhan, The coconut plantation has a yield of ten thousand nuts.

hugpà v {1} [A; b6] alight in a swarm. Mihugpà ang dúlun sa maisan, The locusts alighted on the cornfield in a swarm. {2} [A; b(1)] descend on s.t. like a swarm. Mihugpà ang kangitngit, Darkness settled over the area. Gihugpáan sa gútum ang tibuuk prubinsiya, Famine descended on the province.

hugpit v [A; a] extract s.t. by picking it off with the tip of the fingers. Hugpítig madyung ang ímung sinínà, Pick the sand-spurs from your dress.

hugpung v {1} [A; a6] take long things in the two hands and bunch them together. Hugpúnga ang ímung buhuk, Tie your hair into a bunch. {1a} [A; c1] do s.t. by the whole bunch. Hugpúngun (ihugpung) pagtanyag ang tulu ka mátang sa tablíta, The three kinds of tablets are offered as a group. {2} [A12C; c16] unite together in a group. Hugpúngun (ihugpung) nátù ang mga mamumuu, Let’s organize the laborers into a union. n {1} bunch, a number of long things of the same kind tied in a bunch. Usa ka hugpung nga sibúyas, A bunch of green onions. {2} a group of people having a common purpose or interest. Hugpung nga pulitikanhun, A political faction. ka-an n group of people having s.t. in common.

hugpuy a having a downcast, depressed look from a feeling of disappointment, guilt, or humility. Hugpuy kaáyu siyang midúul sa íyang amahan kay may salà man, She came to her father with her head bowed, because she had done him wrong. v [B; b6] for the face to assume such a look.

hugsaw a {1} mischievous, moving about all the time. Hugsaw nga pagkabátà, gitágù níya ang antiyúhus sa íyang lúlu, He is a mischievous child. He hid his grandfather’s eyeglasses. Ang hugsaw nga bátà dì mahimutang, A restless child will not sit still. v [B; b1] be mischievous, moving about all the time.

hugù a frail, emaciated. Hugù kaáyug láwas ning batáa kay walay maáyung káun, This child has a very frail body because it doesn’t get good food. v [B24; b3] lose weight, become thin, esp. due to sickness. Mihugù si Bin gíkang nauspital, Ben had lost weight considerably when he returned home from the hospital.

hugung v [A3P] get away in great speed. Mihugung (mipahugung) ug dágan ang mangunguut, The pickpocket ran away at top speed.

húgung v [A2S3] produce a steady humming sound. Unsa rung naghugung sa radiyu? What’s that humming sound in the radio? hugunghúgung n a humming device installed on the top part of a kite, shaped like a small bow and strung with a strip of dry buri leaf, which is raised and hums in the onrush of wind.

hugunhúgun n talk about doing s.t., speculation or plans. Adúnay hugunhúgun nga dismisun ang ílang kásu, There is talk that their case will be dismissed. v [b15] for there to be talk about s.t. Gihugunhugúnan (gihugunhúgun) nga sugdan na gayud ang taytáyan, There is talk that at last they will begin work on the bridge.

hugup, húgup v [A; b(1)] go s.w. in a large group, throng s.w. Mihúgup ang mga táwu sa artista, The people all thronged around the actress. (←) v [A13] be united in a desire. Naghúgup sila pagpalagput sa ílang kapitan dil baryu, They were unanimous in their call to dismiss the barrio captain.

húgus v [A; a1] {1} raise or lower s.t. with a string or rope over a stick or pulley. Siyay mihúgus sa bandíra, He raised the flag. {2} pull pursing strings. Hugúsa ang písì pagsira sa bág, Pull the purse strings to close the bag. n {1} action of raising or lowering s.t. carefully or on ropes. {2} name given to the súgat ceremony of Easter Sunday, so called because at the point that Christ and the Holy Mother meet, angels (alilúya) are lowered. {3} the name given to the procession in the evening of Good Friday which represents the carrying of the body of Christ to the grave. (→) n string used for raising or moving s.t. Hugus sa tilun, The curtain string. hugushúgus n s.t. manipulated by pulleys or drawstrings.

hugut a {1} firmly tied, attached, closed. Hugut kaáyu nga pagkasira sa garapun, The jar lid is closed very tight. Hugut níya ang sinínà, Her dress is tight on her. {2} taut, holding tight. Ang kwirdas sa sista hugut kaáyu, The guitar strings are very taut. Hugut nga ginaksan, A firm embrace. Hugut ang íyang impluwinsiya sa gubirnadur, He has a strong influence on the governor. {3} firm in belief, purpose, feeling. Hugut ákung pagtúu, I am of the firm belief... Hugut íyang pagsúpak, She was strongly opposed. Hugut kaáyu ang ílang paghinigugmaay, They love each other very deeply. {3a} — ang puása for there to be intense fasting. {4} be in a tight situation financially. Hugut ang íyang kahimtang kay way trabáhu, He’s in a tight situation because he lost his job. {5} for the voice to be strained in trying to reach a high note. Ug muhugut ang batingting, mangugat ang magkanta, If the singer strains to reach a high note, his veins stand out prominently. v {1} [AB; b5] become tight, firm, taut; cause s.t. to be so. Mihugut ang íyang apapángig kay nasukù, His jaws tightened in fury. Luktan ang tiil sa bábuy ug muhugut ang hukut, The pig’s feet will have rope marks if the tether rope is too tight. Átung hugtun (hugtan) ang sira sa butilya, Let’s tighten the bottle cap. {2} [B2C; b8] be intent on, sincere about doing s.t., become sincere. Mihugut siya pag-ampù, He prayed intensely. Naghúgut sila paghinigugmaay, They were deeply in love with each other. Hugti (hugta) pagdisiplína ang ímung anak, Keep your child under tight discipline. {3} [B; b6] for one’s financial situation to become tight. {4} — ang, sa bakus {a} [A1C12; b5c1] sacrifice in a difficult financial situation (lit. tighten the belt). Hugti (hugta, ihugut) inyung bakus kay dì ku kasúd ug trabáhu, You’ll have to make sacrifices because I cannot find a job. {b} [b(1)] intensify a drive against s.o. Gihugtan na sa bakus sa písi ang mga ismaglir, The P.C. is now intensifying their drive against smugglers. {c} [a12] resolve firmly. Hugta ang ímung bakus ug mangasáwa ka ba, Resolve firmly to do it if you get married.

húgut v [A; a] {1} pull in rope or the like. Kinsay naghúgut sa pasul nga ákung gituntun? Who pulled in the fishing line that I lowered? Ayaw hugúta ang lagdà sa sinínà, Do not pull out the temporary stitches in the dress. {2} pick nits from a strand of hair. Hugúta ang mga lusà arun dì makapanguyamad, Remove the nits so they won’t hatch.

húguy = huguyhúguy. huguyhúguy v [AC; c] pal around with s.o. in a spirit of camaraderie, associate with s.o. for purposes of fun. Paúlì dáyun. Ayawg huguyhúguy sa ímung kaúban, Come straight home. Don’t pal around with your friends. Dì makighuguyhúguy sa íyang sákup, He won’t pal around with his workers. n palling around, association for pleasure.

hugyaw v [A; b3] for a crowd to roar in laughter, excitement, and the like. Mihugyaw pagpangatáwa ang mga táwu, The people roared in laughter. n roar from a crowd.

hugyun v [A; c1] do s.t. together in a group, en masse. Gihugyúnan aku pagbíyà sa ákung mga sákup, All my employees walked out on me en masse.

huhungíhung = hulungíhung.

huhu n word used in writing to represent the sound of slightly nasal laughter.

hùhù v [A; c] empty a container of its contents by turning it upside down and agitating it. Hùhúag maáyu ang butilya arun muági ang kitsup, Shake the bottle hard so the catsup will come out. Ihùhù ang sinapilya didtu sa kanal, Empty the shavings into the ditch.

huk_1 n Huks, a dissident guerilla group or a member thereof. v [B16; b6] be, become a Huk.

huk_2 n hook, a closing device on a garment. — an ay n hook and eye, device to close a garment. v [c6] use a hook.

hukà_1 a loosely packed. v [B12; b6] for things of various sizes not to be firmly packed. Ug mahukà ang ímung pagsulud sa kamúti gamay ray masúd, If you pack the sweet potatoes loosely like that, you won’t get many in.

hukà_2 v [A; a1] take, serve more food than can be consumed. Ayaw hukaa ang sud-an arun dì mapan-us, Don’t serve more food than we can eat so that it won’t spoil.

húkà v [B46; a4] have a vigorous coughing fit. Hukáun (maghúkà) ka sa ubu ug magpatun-ug ka, You’ll have a coughing fit if you expose yourself to the draft.

hukab v [A3P; a] open, remove a cover through forceful or nonhuman action. Ang hángin ang mihukab sa íyang sayal, The wind raised her skirt. Mahukab nang malíta ug ímung ibundak, That suitcase will burst open if you throw it down. a open with the cover removed. Hukab na ang kartun sa pag-abut niíni, The cardboard box was torn open when it arrived. (←) v [B12; b6] for an opening to become big and wide. Nahúkab ang íyang kílid nga natigbasan, S.o. hacked him in the side, and he had a gaping hole in it.

hukabhukab v [A13] be stimulated in expectation of doing s.t. Naghukabhukab ang ákung ginháwa nga nagtan-aw sa mga lamíang mga pagkáun, My appetite was stimulated as I looked at all the appetizing foods.

hukad, húkad v [A; a] {1} take s.t. out of a container by lifting it out. Akuy muhúkad íning mga butang sa íyang malíta, I’ll take the things out of his suitcase. Hukára ang kan-un, Take the rice out of the pot. {1a} gi-, -in- sa ginhawaan born of one’s own flesh, not adopted. Kini ang ákung anak nga gihúkad sa ákung ginhawaan, This is my child, born of my flesh and blood. {2} express emotions. Usa ka láwum nga pangaghu ang íyang gihúkad gíkan sa íyang dughan, He let out a deep sigh from inside his breast. {3} [A23; b6] give s.o. an occasion to do s.t. Gihukáran siya sa babáyi sa lawasnung pangindáhay, The girl offered him the opportunity to relieve his carnal desires. n {1} food taken out of the pot. {2} — sa ginhawaan one’s own child.

hukahuk a greedy, having an intense desire to possess. Ang táwung hukahuk gustung íya tanan, An avaricious person wants to have everything. v [B12; b6] become greedy.

hukal v [APB3(1); c1] {1} for a cough to loosen, make it loose. Muhukal ang ubu sa tambal, The cough will be eased by medicine. Kining tambála muhukal sa ímung ubu, This medicine will loosen your cough. {2} = ukal. n phlegm. a {1} for phlegm in a cough to be loose. {2} for two flat surfaces to be adhering loosely.

húkas v {1} [A3P; a2] take clothing off of the top part of the body. Hukása na nang púlu mu, Take off your shirt. {2} [A1; a] expose a secret. Ang kaatbang níyang pulitiku ang mihúkas sa íyang kangil-ad, His political opponent exposed his shady deals. {3} strip or deprive s.o. of his position, duty, rights. Gihukásan siya sa íyang katungud pagpakahilum, He was deprived of his right to remain silent. Gihukásan siya sa íyang pagkaabugádu, He was debarred. hukashúkas v [A] keep taking off clothes. n stripping scenes in a show.

hukaw = hukal, v1; n; a.

húkaw v [A3P; a1] awaken s.o. by disturbing his sleep. Mahúkaw ang bátà ug maglangas ka, You’ll wake the child if you make noise.

hukbaláhap n the name of the Communist organization in the Philippines and its members. v [B1256] be, become a hukbaláhap. ka-an n the community of huks.

hukdung v [A; b6] rest one’s chin or forehead on s.t. usually in meditation or grief. Mihukdung siya sa lamísa sa kakápuy, He rested his head on the table because he was tired. Naghukdung siya sa bintánà, She is resting her chin on the window sill. Gihukdungan níya ang lamísa sa íyang pagtuun, She rested her chin on the table as she studied.

hukhuk_1 v {1} [A; b5] get money or valuables from s.o. for nothing in return. Hukhukun (hukhukan) ta sa ímung mga paryinti, Your relatives will just milk us dry. {2} [A; a] eat greedily (contemptuous or humorous usage). Ikaw bay naghukhuk sa ákung kík? Did you eat my cake? -íru v [B12; b6] be, become a milker of persons. -íra = hukhukíru (female).

hukhuk_2 = halukhuk_1, 2.

hukhuk_3 n k.o. nutmeg shell.

hukihuk n k.o. fish very similar to the súlid in appearance and flavor, but smaller.

hukip v [A; b6(1)] include s.t. in a package or letter that is sent to include it. Wà ku makahukip ug litrátu sa ákung sulat nímu, I didn’t enclose a picture in my letter to you. Hukipi ug diyis písus ang ímung aplikasiyun, Include a ten-peso bill in your application.

húkip v [A; bc] bribe. Kadtu rang muhúkip ang dawátun sa supirbisur, Only those who give bribes are accepted by the supervisor. Pilay átung ihúkip sa aprísir? How much are we going to bribe the customs appraiser?

huklub n k.o. sorcery using a doll dressed in red and black which is struck. The parts of the doll’s body that are struck correspond to the parts of the victim’s body that are afflicted.

hukmuy = lukmuy.

huks = huk_1 (plural).

hukùhúkù v [B46; b3] be doubled over in suppressed laughter. Naghukùhúkù mig katáwa sa maistrung wà makapamutúnis, We practically died trying to hold back our laughter because our teacher forgot to button his pants.

hukum v {1} [A; b(1)] pass judgment, give a verdict. Gihukman siyang sunúgun sa silya iliktrika, He was sentenced to death in the electric chair. {2} [A2] decide to do s.t. Mihukum siya sa pag-apil sa banggà, She decided to participate in the contest. {3} have one’s say about an unresolved matter. Ug akuy muhukum sa pagbáhin, tung-un lang ang yútà, If I were to get my say, my advice would be just to divide the land between us. n judgment, verdict, decision. hukmánan n court. hukmánan sa únang lakbang n Court of First Instance.

hukut {1} = higut, v, n. {2} n a keepsake or token of relationship between lovers. Panyù ang hukut sa ílang panaghigugmaay, A handkerchief was the keepsake of their love.

*hukyaw — ang dughan, ginhawaan, kabúhì v [B46] get an intense pang in the stomach and rapid beating of the heart at some horrifying experience. Mihukyaw ang ákung ginhawaan pagkakità nákù sa bátang naligsan, I was overcome with horror when I saw the child run over by a truck.

Hul. n abbreviation for Hulyu, July.

húlab v [AN2; b6] boast by telling a lie. Gihuwában mi níyang dakù siyag swildu, He boasted that he had a huge salary (when he didn’t). n lying boast. -un boastful.

húlad v {1} [A13; c] describe, depict. Mihúlad (nahúlad, gihúlad) sa íyang panagway ang túmang kabaláka, Extreme anxiety appeared on her face. {2} [c] publish s.t. in the newspapers and magazines. Ang gisangpútan sa piniliay mauy ihúlad sa tanang mantaláan dinhi, The results of the elections will be published in all the papers here. {3} [A; c] copy s.t. on the pattern of s.t. else. Kining dibuhúa mauy hulári sa ímu, Pattern your drawing after this one. Ihúlad sa Katidral ang kapilya, Pattern the barrio chapel after the Cathedral. {4} [A; c1] translate. Hulára (ihúlad) ning bálak sa Ininglis, Translate the poem into English. n {1} s.t. which is exactly like s.t. else. Ang átung mga batan-ung nagpataas sa ílang buhuk mauy húlad sa mga hípi sa Amirika, Our young men who wear their hair long are just like the hippies in America. {2} copy, full reproduction. {3} an issue of a magazine or newspaper. (→) = huwad.

hulagway (coined from húlad plus dagway) n {1} picture, portrait. {2} image, mental picture of s.t. v {1} [AB23; b4c1] portray, picture, be shown. Ang íyang mga sinulat mihulagway sa kangil-ad sa kahiladman sa táwu, His writings portray how evil men are deep down inside them. Mihulagway sa íyang nawung ang túmang kabaláka, Extreme worry showed in her face. Hulagwáya (ihulagway) sa mga namínaw ang mga taras sa mga Muslim, Describe the traits of the Muslims to the audience. {2} [A12; a3] imagine, picture for oneself. Makahulagway ku kun unsa ang íyang kalípay, I can just picture how happy she is. {3} [A; b] take s.o.’s picture. Hulagwáyi nang nindut nga talan-áwun, Take a picture of that beautiful scenery.

hulahúla (not without l) n hula-hula, a Hawaiian dance performed by women. v [AC12; c1] dance, do the hula-hula.

hulahup (not without l) n hula hoop. v [AC12; b6(1)] play with a hula hoop.

húlak v [B246] for the delicious taste of food to come out. Muhúlak ang lamì sa tinap-ánan basta utánan, The delicious taste of smoked fish comes out if you cook it with vegetables.

hulam v [A; b(1)] {1} borrow s.t. Gihulaman (gihugman, gihudman) nákù ang íyang lápis, I borrowed his pencil. {2} adopt, take over as one’s own. Ang mga Pilipínu daghang gihulaman (gihugman) nga kinaíya, The Filipinos have adopted many foreign traits. pa- v [A; ab] lend. Pilay ímung pahuwaman? How much are you going to lend? n loan. -anan(←) n one one borrows from. Kinsa may ímung hulamánan ug kwarta? Who do you borrow from? -in-an a {1} s.t. borrowed. {2} adopted, taken over as one’s own. {2a} affected, put on. Wà ku kaangay sa batásan níyang hinulaman, I don’t like her affected manners. †

hulangyud v [B126; b6] slip and fall. Nahulangyud ku sa sínaw nga salug, I slipped and fell on the slippery floor.

hul-ap = huld-ap.

hular = hurar.

hulas v [A13P] {1} feel uneasy and restless. Naghulas ang bátang gitulug, The child is fidgety because he’s sleepy. Ang íyang pagpatay mauy nakahulas (nakapahulas) níya, The murder he had committed caused him to feel uneasy. {2} restlessly eager to do s.t. Naghulas giyud nang bayhána nga muadtu sa bayli, That girl is itching to go to the dance.

hulat v [A; a2] {1} wait, don’t do s.t. now but do it later. Huwat únà, kay wà pa malútù, Wait a minute. It’s not done. {2} wait for. Huwata únà ang paghunas únà ka manginhas, Wait for the tide to go out before you gather seashells. {3} [A13; a12] expect s.t. to happen. Naghulat ku nga mubutu tung granáda, I expected that the grenade would go off. -anan(←) n place one waits. †

hulaw, húlaw n drought, prolonged period without rain. Ang mga sapà nangaúga tugnud sa hulaw, The brooks dried up in the drought. v [B6; a4b4] be a drought. Ang mga tanum mangamátay kung huwawun (huwawan), The crops will wither if there is a drought. ting- n dry season. v [B256] be the dry season.

húlay v [b(1)] be given respite, an interval of rest. Ang daruhan nga gihuwáyan sa mais naulian, The field that was given a respite from corn regained its fertility. Huwáyi sà ang inyung pagpúnayg harána, Leave off your nightly serenading for a while. n interval of rest. Trabáhu nga way húway, Work without respite. pa-, pa-(→) v {1} [A; c2] rest, take a rest. Ipahuway (pahuwayun) níya ang íyang láwas, He will give his body a rest. {2} [A; b(1)] have eternal rest. Dúgay nang mipahuway ang íyang Lúlu, His grandfather has long been laid to his eternal rest. {3} [A2; c] retire from work. Mipahuway na ang tigúwang nga maistra, The old teacher has retired. lawak pa-an n place one rests. igpa-r-, igpa-l- n time to rest. Igpapahúlay (igpalahúlay) na rung urása, It’s now time to rest.

huláyà n k.o. woody, erect herb of open wastelands, of two species: — bayi edible sort of huláyà, the leaves of which are eaten fermented: Gynandropsis gynandra. — laki inedible, smelly type: Polanisia icosandra.

hulbà v [AB126] for the bottom or a piece of s.t. horizontal to give way. Ang lamísa muhulbà ug tungtúngan ug bug-at, The table-top will give way if you put s.t. heavy on it. Ang lubut sa kahun nahulbà kay bug-at ang gisulud, The bottom of the box gave way because s.t. heavy was put inside it.

hulbad v [A; a2] undo s.t. tied, untie. Akuy mihulbad sa íyang gapus, I untied his ropes. Hubára nang panyù mung may súd nga kwarta, Undo your handkerchief which has the money in it.

hulbaw v [A; b(1)] shout loudly at. Hulbáwi ang táwu nga túa sa tapun sa sapà, Shout to the man who is at the opposite bank of the river. n loud shout. ka-un a feel like shouting.

hulbù v [APB2; a1b2] give way, collapse under pressure. Sapnáya nang sáku kay nagkahulbù na, Carry that sack under your arms because the bottom has just about broken through. Hulbúun ku nang hubun mu niíning bunal, I’ll smash your fontanel with this club. {2} [A; a12] break the nodes inside a bamboo. n particles of broken bamboo nodes.

hulbut v {1} [AC2; a] pull out s.t. long from a place it has been inserted. Paghulbut ug baráha, Take a card. Mihulbut siyag sigarilyu, He pulled out a cigarette. Ayaw hulbúta ang hílu, Don’t pull the thread out. Hulbúta sa dì pa ka gul-an, Pull it out before you have your orgasm. {2} [A; a12] pick s.o. out from a group. Hulbúta lang siya sa kumpirinsiya. Dì lagi masukù, Just call him out of the conference. He won’t really mind. {3} abduct secretly, usually for liquidation. Gihulbut ang inpurmir sa mga Huks, The Huks abducted the informer. hulbuthulbut n {1} drawing of lots. {2} a gambling game of drawing out rolled-up pieces of paper which are pasted to cardboard. A number is printed on each rolled piece of paper to be matched with winning numbers. v [AC12; b6(1)] play this game. †

huldam n k.o. craps played with three dice. v [A13; b6] play this k.o. craps.

huld-ap v [AN; ab2] hold up, rob. Huld-apun ka giyug muági ka sa ngitngit, You’ll be held up if you go through a dark area. n a hold-up. -ir one who pulls hold-ups. v [B16; b6] become a hold-up artist.

hulding a holding in volleyball. Hulding kaáyu siyang mutús sa búla, He holds a lot when he hits the ball. v [B12; c1] commit the offense of holding in volleyball. Nahulding siya maung gipitúhan sa ripiri, He was holding the ball so the referee blew the whistle on him.

huldir n one who is most influential and feared in a certain place for his power and toughness (slang). Si Nardung Pútik mauy huldir sa Bilyagunsálu, Nardong Putik is the number one tough in Villagonzalo. v [A1; b(1)] become the number one tough in a place (slang). Ang tibuuk Pásil mauy íyang gihuldíran, He is the acknowledged number one tough in the whole Pasil district. istak — n stockholder.

hulgà n threat. v [A; a1] threaten. Ang ulan mihulgà pagbundak, The rain threatened to pour down. Gihulgà mi sa dakung gútum, We were threatened with starvation. ma-un a threatening. Mahulgáung púlung, Threatening words.

hulhug v {1} [A; b] urge s.o. to do s.t. bad, stir s.o. up. Ang wilgista gihulhúgan sa mga istudiyanti, The students egged the strikers on. {2} give s.o. bad ideas. Kinsa may naghulhug sa bátà sa pagpangáyug dulsi? Who gave the child the bright idea of asking for candy? n urging, incitation.

hulhul v {1} [A; a12] bark. Gihulhul ang kawatan sa irù, The dog barked at the thief. {2} [A; a] shout halt. Mihulhul ang sintiníla sa táwu, The guard shouted for the man to halt. n {1} barking. {2} shout to halt.

hulì (short form for hiulì) v [a3] go home, return to the place one lives or stays. Tagdugay giyud nà siyang mahulì sa balay, He always goes home late. pa-(←) v [A; c] place s.t. back in its proper place or form. Kamau kung mupahúlì sa makinang distrungkahun, I know how to assemble the machine if it is dismantled. Ipahúlì sa kahun ang gigámit nímung gabas, Put the saw that you used back in its box.

hulíbis = hilíbis.

hulihud n awl-like device which is heated and used for making holes in burnable materials. v [A13; a12] make holes with this device.

hulíkab v [B126; a12P] {1} make a huge hole in s.t. with an explosion or violence. Ang tuung kílid sa barku nahulíkab sa bumba, The starboard side of the ship had a huge hole in it after the bombing. {2} take a huge portion of s.t. forcefully, leaving a hole. Hulikábun lang nà sa mga pumapálit ang pinatungpátung nga mga sáku, The customers will considerably reduce that pile of sacks. n large hole resulting from violent removal of s.t. Ang hulíkab sa bukubuku nga gilapsan sa bála ingun sa pálad, The hole in the back where the bullet emerged was as big as the palm of the hand.

húlin = dyúlin.

huling v {1} [AN; a12] examine s.t. carefully touching it to see what is there. Akuy mihuling (nanghuling) sa kúlun ug náa pa bay kan-un, I examined the pot to find out if there was still any food left. {2} [A; a12] do a physical examination. Hulingun usab ug apil ang ímung kinatáwu, Your genitalia will also be examined.

húlip v [A; b6(1)] fill in for, cover up s.t. vacant or lacking. Akuy muhúlip níya samtang nagbakasiyun siya, I’ll fill in for her while she is on vacation. Íyang gihulípan ang gisì sa banig, He patched up the holes in the mat. Kinahángan hulípan ang ímung napaltahan, You have to make up for your absence. Wà siyay kwartang ikahúlip sa kantidad nga íyang nadispalku, He had no money to replace the amount that he had embezzled. n s.t. that fills up or covers for what is lacking. Ang pag-inum-ínum dílì paígung húlip sa kaguul nga ákung gibátì, My sorrow is too great to drown in drink. -anan n s.t. that needs to be filled in, covered up, filled in for.

hulma v {1} [A1B2; a2] mold, take form. Mihulma (nahulma) sa íyang mga ngábil ang usa ka matam-is nga pahíyum, A sweet smile formed on her lips. Naghulma mig bíku nga ipamaligyà, We molded sweetened rice cakes to sell. {2} [A23; b6] leave an imprint. Ang túnub mihulma sa basà nga simintu, The footstep left an imprint on the wet cement. {3} [A] for a shape to show through s.t. that covers or contains it. Ang tútuy muhulma sa íyang hugut nga sinínà, Her breasts stood out clearly in her tight dress. n s.t. molded. Pila ka hulma sa bibingka ang ímung nabúhat? How many rice cakes have you made? hulmahan, hulmahánan n mold.

hulmígas n small biting red ants. (→) v [a4] infested with red ants. -an, ka-an n anthill.

hulpà v [B2] for a surface to lower. Mihulpà ang kík, The cake fell. Nahulpà ang lubung, The grave sank. Nagkahulpà ang túbig sa línaw, The water-level in the lake is dropping. n lowering of a surface. Ang hulpà sa hubun timáan nga gibutdan ang bátà, A concavity in the fontanel is a sign that the child has a digestive upset.

hulsil n wholesale. v [A; c1] buy, sell by wholesale. Muhulsil mig mga manggad, We will sell dry goods wholesale.

hult call to stop s.o. approaching: halt! v [A; a12] call ‘halt!’ Húnung basta hultun mu sa gwardiya, Stop when the guard shouts halt at you.

hulu_1 (not without l) a {1} strong in character, not affected by emotions or sadness. Hulu ug balatían ning batáa kay walà muhílak paglubung sa íyang inahan, The child has a strong character because he did not cry when his mother was buried. {2} not afraid of danger. Hulu ka giyud ug mutubagtubag ka níya, You really are brave if you talk back to him. {3} able to eat sickening food or in a sickening environment. Hulu kaáyu siyag ginháwa kay mukáug ilagà, That man has a strong stomach. He can eat rats.

hulu_2 (not without l) paN- v [A2] molt, shed off skin or shell. hinulhan n cast-off skin or shell.

hulud, húlud v [A; b6c1] place a barrier around plants to prevent animals from eating the leaves of the trees or persons from stealing the fruits.

húlug v {1} [A; c] drop, fall freely, cause s.t. to do so. Usa ka hinug nga búnga nahúlug, A ripe fruit fell. Nahulúgan siya ug lubi, A coconut fell on him. Ihúlug ta ka run sa hagdanan, I’ll throw you down the stairs. {1a} [B12] for s.t. one wears to slide downwards. Síging kahúlug ákung antiyúhus, My glasses keep slipping down my nose. {2} [A; c] deposit s.w. a mail a letter. Ihúlug ning suláta, Mail this letter. {b} deposit in bank. Dílì ku muhúlug rung bulána, I will not deposit any money this month. Ihúlug ang sinsíyu sa alkansíya, Deposit the change in the piggy bank. {c} pay installments, buy on installment. Naghúlug kug pyánu, I’m paying installments on a piano. {3} give money to carolers. Hulúgan ta mug písus ug mukanta mug usab, I’ll give you a peso if you sing again. {4} [B1256] fall, come under a group or classification. Kining isdáa nahúlug sa klási nga mga mulmul, This fish is in the family of the parrotfish. {4a} result in being called. Ug mau nay ímung buhátun mahúlug ka sa pagkaturut, If you do that, you will wind up being called a fool. {4b} turn into s.t. worse. Kanang mga kinalutána mahúlug sa kabahung ug dílì tambálan, Those scratches will turn into sores if you do not treat them. Nahúlug sa walay hinungdan ang ákung pangandam, My preparations turned into nothing. Ug mabálì ang ímung kamut mahúlug ka sa pagkainútil, If you break your arm, you will become an invalid. {5} [A; c] for a coconut grove to yield a certain number of nuts. Muhúlug ning kalubihána ug líbu, This coconut plantation yields one thousand nuts. {6} [B12] fall into sin or disgrace. Nahúlug si Adan tungud ni Íbà, Adam fell because of Eve. {7} [c] hold a festive activity on a certain date or occasion. Pitsa kinsi ang gihulúgan sa pista, The feast falls on the fifteenth. {8} [A; c1] fail s.o. in school. Ihúlug (hulúgun) ta ka ug magliguylíguy ka, I’ll fail you if you are absent all the time. {9} — sa kamut [B126] fall captive, victim to s.o. Mahúlug ka sa kamut sa palikíru, You’ll lose your chastity (fall into the clutches of the philanderer). {10} [B1256] in hantak, for the three coins to turn out to be tails. Ganíha ra giyud nà níyang umantug, walà pa giyud mahúlug, He has been tossing the coins for quite a time, but he still hasn’t gotten all tails. {11} [A23PB126; c1] lose a game in gambling. Gihúlug níya ang primírung dúwà arun musakay ang kuntra, He threw away the first game so his opponent would be trapped into playing with him. n {1} deposit. {2} installment. {3} money given to carolers. {4} yield of coconuts. (→) n weft. v [A; c1] use s.t. as weft. Maáyung ihulug ang naylun sa hablun, Nylon makes good weft thread in weaving. tig-(→) v {1} [A23P] move downward. Mitighulug (mipatighulug) ang ayruplánu, The plane moved downward. {2} go on down to a place after having gone s.w. else. Gíkan sa kapitulyu mutighulug (mupatighulug) ku sa pantalan, From the capitol I will go on down to the waterfront. ka-an n {1} day of festivities, celebration. {2} meaning. Unsa may kahulúgan áning pulúnga sa ininglis? What is the meaning of this word in English? Ang kahulúgan sa isturya, The moral of the story. (→) n = kahulúgan, 2. v [A13N] mean. Ang pagmahal sa gasulína nagkahulugan (nangahulugan) sa pag-usbaw sa plíti, The rise in the price of gasoline means the fare will rise. ka-ánun, maka-ánun, makahulgánun a meaningful.†

húlum = húmul.

hulunghúlung v [A; a2] {1} look for s.t. very intently. Gihulunghúlung ang bátà nga nawálà, The people were searching for the lost child. {2} look around for s.t. without publicising that one is looking around. Naghulunghúlung kug láing trabáhu kay tagdugay ming swildúhan sa ákung gialagáran karun, I’m secretly looking around for a new job because we’re always late in getting our pay where I’m working now.

hulungíhung n rumors. May hulungíhung nga patyun ang prisidinti, There are rumors that the president will be assassinated.†

húlup v {1} [A2; b6] alight on. Ang sanga nga gihulúpan (gihudpan) sa mga langgam, The branch the birds are perching on. Pagkáun nga hihulupan (hihudpan) ug lángaw, Food that the flies alighted on. {2} [A; b(1)] for a bird to swoop down on its prey. Mihúp ang banug ug nakadagit ug pisù, The hawk swooped down and got a chick.

hulus_1 v {1} [A; a12] strip leaves off the stem. Paghulus ug dáhun sa kamunggay kay utánun, Strip off some malunggay leaves to cook. {2} = hurus.

hulus_2 v [A; c1] lower s.t. attached on a string which passes through a pulley. Hulusun (ihulus) nátù ang láyag kay mudunggù na ta, Let’s lower the sail now because we are going to drop anchor.

húlut v [A; b5c] threaten s.o. with an instrument or, by extension, to do s.t. serious to him. Muhúlut nang banáha ug sundang ug mag-áway ug ang asáwa, That husband threatens his wife with a bolo when they quarrel. Ang maistrung naghúlut sa paghagbung sa mga istudiyanti, The teacher who threatened to fail the students.

huluy = hiluy.

Hulyu n {1} July. see abril for verb forms. {2} time of the year when there is little to eat, so called because the year’s big harvest, the panúig, comes just after July, and the previous harvest does not last until the panúig. Ang mga datù wà makailag hulyu, The rich haven’t experienced hard times.

hulyut a lax in carrying out a course of action. Ang mga ginikánan nga hulyut kaáyu ug disiplína tubagun ug anak, Children answer back if parents are lax in their discipline. v [A; c1] be easy-going, relaxed about doing s.t. Klási ni sa trabáhu nga dílì ka makahulyut, With this sort of work you can’t just take it easy.

húm n {1a} home base in games. {1b} shout uttered upon reaching home. v {1} [A23; b6] run for home. {2} [A12] reach home base, make a home run. {3} [A12] engage in sexual intercourse (humorous). Wà makahúm ang bána gabíi kay hubug, The husband couldn’t do it last night because he was drunk. -anan(←) n place used as home base.

humabdus = humablus.

humablus, humabus n stepchild.

humad v [A; c1] clean rice and let it dry partially to store it. Humara (ihumad) ang humay úsà hipúsa, Clean the rice and let it dry partially before you store it.

humagbus = humablus.

human a {1} finished, done. Human na ang lamísa, The table is finished. Human na nag laba, (I) already washed it. Human dáan nga sinínà, A ready-made dress (finished beforehand). Ibítay ang ímung human, Hang the things you have finished up. {2} initial in phrase: {a} after. Human (inigkahuman) sa klási adtu mi sa sini, We will go to the movies after the class. Namatay siya human (pagkahuman) sa dúgayng sakit, He died after a long sickness. {b} after doing [so-and-so], after [so-and-so] happens. Human níya kan-a, After he ate it. Human siya mulakaw, After he left. {3} following the word it modifies: looking completely like s.t. Sa mau nga sinínà makililímus ka nga human, With such clothes, you look exactly like a beggar. v {1} [B126; a12] finish doing s.t. Humanun (humnun) ba nímu ang ímung trabáhu u dílì? Are you going to finish your work or not? Mahuman tingáli ang prugram sa mga alas nuybi, The program will probably be over at around nine o’clock. {2} [B126] be through with s.t., have had enough of s.t. Nahuman na ku ánang ímung paníkas, I’ve had enough of your cheating. {3} [B126] for s.t. to get broken, done for. Ug ímung ibundak ang duwáan, mahuman, If you throw the toy down, it will be done for. Nahuman ang mga tulisan dihang gimasinggan, The bandits were wiped out in the machinegun raid. {4} [A12; c1] lift s.t. heavy from the ground. Ayawg humana paglúgus nang baul, Don’t force yourself to lift that trunk. humanhúman v [B125] be almost finished. Nahumanhúman (nagkahumanhúman) na ang ámung sakayan, Our boat is almost finished. ka-an(←), ka-un n reaching a conclusion. Walay kahumánan (kahumanun) ang trabáhu, There is no end to the work.

humay n general term for rice. — sa bantuk, kamad-an n upland rice. a two-faced (slang—on analogy of milled rice grains which are pointed at both ends). Humay nang bayhána, paayuáyu sa atúbang, apan nanglibak diay inigtalikud, That woman is two-faced. She is nice to your face, but when you turn your back, she talks against you. v {1} [A] have rice for a meal, cook rice. Gihumayan nákug lúgaw ang bátà, I cooked rice porridge for the baby. {2} [A; c1] plant rice and not some other crop. Humaya (ihumay) na lang nang parsiláha, Just plant that parcel to rice. humayhúmay n {1} ersatz rice made of dried cassava shreds, eaten in place of rice or corn. {2} k.o. plant similar to cattails: Typha capensis. v [A; a2] make ersatz rice. -an, ka-an n rice field. -ánun n rice magnate. ting- n harvest season for rice. -únun n piece of land intended to be planted to rice.

humbà n a dish made of pork hocks, feet, and fat cooked long in a sauce of salt, vinegar, and condiments to soften and preserve it. v [A1; a2] prepare, eat this dish.

humbíngay v [B46N; b6] for s.t. to be hanging and drooping in large quantities. Mihumbíngay (nanghumbíngay) ang búnga sa mangga (sa búnga ang mangga), The mango tree is laden with fruit. Gihumbingáyan (nanghumbíngay) sa búnga ang káhuy, The tree is laden with fruits.

humbíngil v [A; a1] touch s.t. with the thumb and forefinger. Naghumbíngil siyang nag-ihap sa papil dibangku, She fingered the banknotes in counting them. Ayawg humbingíla ang ákung trabáhu, Keep your hands off my work.

humbis n home base in baseball, also in children’s games. v [A12] reach home base. Ug nakahumbis pa ta, daug tà ta, Had we made it home, we would have won.

humhum_1 = halumhum.

humhum_2 = latù.

humígas = hulmígas.

humil a soft, pliant, and supple. Ug dílì humil ang tabákù, dílì matustus, If the tobacco is not soft, you can’t roll it into cigars. v [B12] get soft. Ug sigíhan mug dukduk nang pánit sa káhuy, magkahumil pud, If you continue to pound that bark, it will gradually become soft and pliant. ka- n softness, suppleness.

humisayid n homicide. — pulis section of the police that is charged with investigating murders.

humpal a long and heavy of stride. v [B; c16] for the steps to be long and heavy. Muhumpal ang átung linaktan ug luag tag sapátus, We have to take long and heavy steps if our shoes are too big. Naghumpal ang linaktan sa sundálung gikápuy, The soldier is tired, and he is taking long and heavy strides.

humpay v [A3PB2; a1] assuage, relieve. Álak ray muhumpay sa ákung kaguul, Only liquor can relieve my sorrow. Muhumpay (mahumpay) ang kasakit kun manghaplas kag linimintu, The pain will be relieved when you rub liniment on it. paN- n s.t. that gives relief. Panghumpay sa mga iritasiyun sa pánit, Medicine to relieve skin irritations. ka- n relief. Kahumpay sa panakit, Quick relief from pains. ka-an, ka-un(→) n relief, assuagement as an end effect. Walay kahumpayun (kahumpáyan) ning íyang kaguul, There is no end to her sorrows. ma-un, maka-r- a soothing.

humpid v [A; c1] {1} arrange, stack things in a neat and orderly way. Akuy mihumpid (naghumpid) sa mga basíyung butilya, I arranged the empty bottles in order. Íyang humpírun (ihumpid) ang íyang mga papílis, He’ll stack the papers neatly. {2} smooth out, flatten out. Pisun ang nakahumpid sa sín, A steam roller flattened out the galvanized iron sheets. a neatly arranged, flat. Humpid kaáyu ang íyang buhuk, His hair is neatly groomed and flat.

humpil = humpid.

humran n home run in baseball. v [A2; c1] make a home run. tig- a one who usually hits a home run.

humrum n homeroom in school. — pitii n organization of the parents of children in a certain homeroom and their teacher.

humtáwun disisyun n fraudulent decision in boxing made in favor of a boxer who is a native of the place the match is held. v [A23] make a hometown decision in boxing.

humud a wet. — ug papil having a ruined reputation. Humud ug papil nang tawhána pagkakiriwan, That fellow has the reputation of being a thief. v {1} [A; a12] make s.t. wet. Humda ang trápu úsà inusnus, Wet the rag before you wipe. {2} [A13; a12] wear s.t. in bathing. Walà siya maghumud nga nalígù sa dágat, She went swimming without anything on. humdunun n thing worn for swimming. -in- n thing put on during one’s bath.

húmuk a {1a} soft, not rigid or hard. Húmuk nga yútà, Soft earth. Húmuk nga unlan, A soft pillow. {1b} tender, not tough or hard. Húmuk na ang linat-an, The stewed meat is tender now. {2} easy to do s.t. to. Húmuk mabálì, Easy to break. Húmuk siya tudlúan, It’s easy to teach her. Húmuk siyang dad-ug baylíhan, She is easy to lead in dancing. {2a} easily affected by s.t., easily made to do s.t. Húmuk ra nang bayhána pasugtun, That girl is easy to win over. Húmuk siyang masukù, He easily gets angered. Húmuk ug balatían nang tiguwánga. Manggihatágun kaáyu sa mga pubri, That old man is kindhearted. He is very generous to the poor. {3} supple in mind, easily adaptable. Húmuk kaáyu ug láwas nga bayhána. Maáyung musáyaw, The lady is graceful. She dances well. Húmuk siyag salabútan; dalì rang musabut, She is intelligent; she easily understands. {4} í nga — {a} letter a as opposed to e (in English). {b} letter e as opposed to i (in Spanish). — ug ilung {1} easily influenced, told to do s.t. Húmuk siyag ilung kay bísag kinsa ray musúgù, He lets himself be led around by the nose. He does whatever anyone tells him to do. {2} for girls to give in easily to the advances of men. v {1} [A2SB; a2P] {a} soften; become soft. {b} [a12] do s.t. in a soft way. Humúka kanà paglútù, Cook it soft. {2} [A1PB2; a2] make s.t. supple, adaptable. pahumukhúmuk v [A3; b6] pretend to go along with s.t. Nagpahumukhúmuk ang administrasiyun sa mga dimanda, balubálu wà diay, The administration pretended to go along with the demands, but when the time came, nothing was granted. paN- n s.t. used to soften s.t. -un(→) a of a soft, supple type.

húmul v {1} [A; b(1)] soak, steep. Nakahúmul ka sa mga nuug nga átung labhan? Have you soaked the rags we are going to wash? Humúli ang isdà sa súkà, Marinate the fish in vinegar. {2} [A13; b(1)] immerse, put oneself or s.t. in water so as to cover most of it. Ug maghúmul ka sa túbig dílì lagi tugnaw, Once you get in the water, it is not cold after all. Humúli ang kábaw sa túbig, Put the carabao in the water. {3} [A; c] pack s.t. in ice for preservation. Ihúmul ang isdà sa yílu arun dì madubuk, Pack the fish in ice so that it won’t spoil. (→), -in-an n fish packed in ice for preservation.

humulhúmul a soft, fluffy. Alpumbrang humulhúmul, A fluffy rug.

humut a {1} sweet-smelling. Humut nga búlak, Fragrant flowers. Humut nga bàbà, Sweet-smelling mouth. Humut nga pagkáun, Good-smelling food. {2} for s.o. to be dear to one despite his bad traits. Daghan siyag bisyu apan humut siya gihápun kanákù, He has lots of vices, but I love him all the same. v [B2; b6] be, become pleasant-smelling. pa- v [A; b6(1)] make s.o. or s.t. pleasant-smelling. Magpahumut ta kay mangadtu tas bayli, Let’s put on perfume because we’re going to a dance. Pahumti ang kík ug banilya, Flavor the cake with vanilla. n s.t. used to make s.t. pleasant-smelling. -an(←) k.o. aromatic herb, similar in appearance to sangig but sweeter in smell. ka- n pleasant smell. ma- a very sweet-smelling. -un a of a sweet-smelling sort.

húmut v [A; b6] {1} seriously plan to do s.t. of a momentous nature. Aku gánì makahúmut pagpatay, tinuúrun giyud nákù, If I plan to kill, I’ll kill, believe me. {2} seriously think about buying s.t. Dúgay na kung naghúmut ánang rilúha, I have long been obsessed by the thought of buying that watch.

Hun. n abbreviation for Hunyu, June.

hún v [A; b(1)] for birds, esp. poultry to roost to sleep. Kilumkílum na gánì muhún dáyun ang mga manuk, When it’s twilight, the chickens roost for the night.

húnad v [A; b(1)] wash wounds, sores. Hunári ug alkuhul ang langgus arun dílì ansúyan, Wash the abrasions with alcohol so they won’t get infected. n s.t. used in cleaning wounds.

hun-ag_1 v [B12; a1b2] {1} for a structure to collapse. Nahun-ag ang Rubi Táwir sa paglínug, The Ruby Tower collapsed in the earthquake. {2} for hopes, ambitions, etc. to collapse.

hun-ag_2 v [APB2] {1} for s.t. dark, dirty to become clear and white, cause it to do so. Mihun-ag (nahun-ag) ang linabhan nga giladlad sa ínit, The clothing became white when it was bleached in the sun. {2} for the face to brighten. Mihun-ag ang íyang nawung sa kahimuut, Her face shone with pleasure. {2a} [B1245] for dawn to break (literary). Nagkahun-ag nga kaadláwun, The breaking dawn. a free from dirt, shining of face.

hunàhúnà v {1} [A3S; a2b2] think about s.t. Ug hunàhunáun tug maáyu, sayup giyud tu, If you think about it, it was a grave mistake. {2} [A3S; b8] think of doing s.t. Walà ka ba makahunàhunà ug hulam? Have you not thought of borrowing some? {3} [A3; a12] think of s.t. or s.o., consider. Hunàhunáa ang ímung mga bátà unsay dangátan níla, Think of what will happen to your children. {4} [a12] think s.t. over, ponder. Ákù sang hunàhunáun. Dì úsà tikaw tubagun, I’ll think it over. I won’t give you an answer yet. n {1} belief, opinion. Unsa may ímung hunàhúnà (panghunàhunà) báhin ánà? What is your opinion about that? {1a} decision. Dì giyud mausab ang ímung hunàhúnà? Is your decision completely irreversible? {2} thought, idea. Púru mga hunàhúnà (panghunàhunà) nga bastus ang náa sa íyang úlu, He has nothing but indecent thoughts in his head. {3} thoughts regarding s.o., attitude. Wà kuy maáyung hunàhúnà níya human sa íyang gibúhat, I don’t have a good attitude towards him after what he did. paN-(→) n {1} = hunàhúnà 1, 1a, 2. {2} the process of thinking. Tin-aw pa ang panghunàhunà ni Lúlu, Grandfather can still think clearly. manggi-un, ma-un a thoughtful, marked by consideration for others.

hunas n {1} low tide. {2} = kinhasun. see kinhas. v {1} [B3(1)4; b4] for the tide to go out. Manginhas ta kun muhunas, Let’s gather shellfish when the tide is out. Nagkahunas (naghunas) na ang dágat, The tide is going out. {2} [b8] be stranded in low tide. Sayun dakpun ang isdang nahunsan, Fish are easy to catch when they are trapped by the low tide. pa- v [A; b6] allow s.t. to be trapped in the low tide. n method of catching fish by getting them trapped in the low tide. paN- = panginhas. see kinhas. -an(←) n tidal flats, the part of the seashore which is exposed to low tide. kinahunsan n the lowest part of the tidal flat. kinhas listed under kinhas. -un(←) n the ebbing of the sea. Sulug iniglíhuk sa hunásun, The current is strong during the ebb tide. v [B56] for the sea to be ebbing.

hunat v {1} [A; a1c] for horses to run fast, gallop. Wà ku níla hiapsi kay mihunat ang kabáyù, They did not overtake me because the horse galloped. Ayawg kahadluk bisag ihunat kas kabáyù, Don’t get scared even if the horse gallops away with you. {2} [A2; bc6] go into action exerting one’s fullest efforts. Tápus makahunat, íyang giluksuan ang alíwas, Gathering all his strength he jumped at the gorilla. n impetus, force exerted in starting s.t. Kusgánung hunat, Having a strong starting motion. pa- v [A; a12] exert pressure on s.o. to come to a decision. Ísug siyang nagpahunat sa íyang kuntra, He challenged his enemy (pressured him to decide whether or not to fight). Gipahunat ni Hiktur ang dalága kun kinsa ang íyang sugtun, Hector put pressure on the girl to decide whom she was going to choose. -in- force mustered. Hinunat ang tanan níyang kusug, Mustering all his strength. ma-un a demanding, putting pressure on.

hunaw = hinaw.

hunda n motorcycle (so called from the brand Honda). v {1} [A1; b5] ride a motorcycle. {2} [A12] obtain a motorcycle.

hundunghundung v [A3P; a12] walk with the head hanging and swaying from side to side. Naghundunghundung ang hubug sa karsáda, The drunk walked on the street with his head drooping and swaying.

hungakhúngak = hingakhíngak. see híngak.

hungaw v {1} [A; b8] for wind to blow. Dílì ta makalawud ug muhungaw ang amíhan, We can not go to sea if the northwind blows. {2} [A] for air to leak out. Muhungaw ang hángin kay daut ang balbula, The tank will leak because the valve is defective. {2a} [A3] for the ground to exude a stench after rain. Naghungaw ang yútà human sa ulan, The ground is exuding a stench after the rain. {3} [A2; b6] for body heat to escape, lending relief. Kalígù arun hungawan ka sa kaínit, Take a bath to get relief from the heat. {3a} [A1BP; b4] be affected by the disease hungaw. Gihungawan siya kay natúlug nga basà ang buhuk, She got hungaw because she went to sleep with her hair wet. {3b} [A2; b6(1)] for anger to be vented and cooled off. Dalì nga mihungaw íyang kasukù, His anger easily cooled off. a tending to leak gas. Ang ímung bumba sa hángin hungaw kaáyu, Your air pump is very leaky. n name of an affliction leading to blindness caused by the escape of hot air through the eyes. It is brought on by prolonged exposure to the sun or sleeping with wet hair. pa- v {1} [A; a2] give vent to one’s emotions. Mipahungaw siya sa íyang kaguul sa paghílak, She gave vent to her sorrows by crying. {1a} relieve one’s emotions. Nagpasupásu siya sa kwartu nagpahungaw sa íyang kasukù, She paced the room, working off her anger. {1b} get relief from boredom, drudgery. Suruysúruy ta sa pwinti, pahungaw sa átung kaláay, Let’s take a walk in the park to relieve ourselves of boredom. — sa angsu get respite from drudgery, boredom (lit. from the smell of urine). {2} [A13] leave the body or part of the body uncovered (as if to give it air—humorous). Nagpahungaw síyang naglingkud, She is sitting so as to give her crotch a breath of air (i.e. exposing herself indecently). -anan(→) n {1} a person upon whom one vents his anger. {2} hole where air or gases leak. -l-an n = -anan, 2. -in- n {1} gas or air exuded. {2} natural effect or repercussions. Ang íyang ulsir hinungaw sa subrang pag-inum, His ulcer is the result of drinking too much. Kining kanúnayng pag-ulan dinhi hinungaw ni sa bagyu sa láing lugar, The rain here is the effect of a typhoon elsewhere.

hungay a loose, not firmly embedded. Hungay kaáyu ákung tangu, My tooth is very loose. v [B] get, be loose. Naghungay ang halígi. Pakáli ug batu ang lungag, The post is loose. Put more stones into the hole.

húngay v [A; c] set s.t. aside for a special purpose. Dì siya magpakasal kun dì ka makahúngay ug salapì nga gastúhun, She will not marry you if you do not set aside money for the expenses. Ihúngay nátù ning kík sa mga bisíta, We will set this cake aside for the visitors.

hunggal v [B] {1} make a hollow, empty sound. Mihunggal ang basíyung kahun nga nahúlug, The empty box that fell went bonk. {2} [B2; b6] for s.t. normally solid throughout to be, become hollow. Muhunggal (mahunggal) ang pán ug palabian ug butang ug patúbù, The bread will become hollow inside if too much baking powder is added. a for s.t. usually solid to be hollow. n hollow space, void.

hunggaw = hunggal.

hunghung v [A2; c] {1} whisper into the ear, say s.t. privately. Mihunghung siya nákù nga muhuwam siyag kwarta, She whispered to me that she would like to borrow some money. {1a} say s.t. in a whisper. {2} cure an illness by whispering a prayer or formula over the affected area. n {1} whisper. {2} method of treating an illness by whispering.

hungíhung = hulungíhung.

hungit v [A; ac] {1} put s.t. into the mouth. Hungita ang bátà, Put the food into the child’s mouth. Hungiti siyag linúgaw, Feed him some porridge. {1a} [b5c] spoon-feed a lesson to. Hungiti sila sa liksiyun iyáwat makasabut, Spoon-feed the lesson to them. Maybe they’ll understand. {1b} [c6] have s.t. to eat. Wà nay ikahungit apan manan-aw pa giyud ug sini, They don’t have anything to eat, but they have to go to the movies nevertheless. {2} [A; c] feed, put materials into a machine. Hungiti ang makina ug káhuy, Feed lumber into the planing machine. {2a} [c6] put a limb into machinery. Naputul ang íyang tudlù kay íya mang gihungit sa makina, He lost his finger because he stuck it into the machine. {3} pass on gossip, rumors. Kinsay mihungit nímu ánang mga tabía? Who passed that gossip on to you? n {1} amount put into the mouth, machine at one time. {1a} food one eats for subsistence. Ang kwartang ámung makítà dílì gánì paigù sa hungit, We don’t even earn enough money for food. {2} passing on of gossip. ig-r-(←), ig-l-(←) n utensil used to put s.t. into the mouth.

hungkad = hukad, v1.

hungkag v [B] {1} for s.t. spacious to look empty. Nagkahungkag ang balay kay gianam pagpamaligyà ang mga kabtángan, The house gradually became empty when the things were sold one by one. {2} have an uneasy feeling of emptiness. Naghungkag ang ákung tiyan, My stomach feels empty.

hungkagul, hungkarul = hugangkul.

hungkiyang = kungkiyang.

hungkung n {1} Hong Kong. {2} name of notorious red-light district in Cebu City, so called from the name of its principal street, Junquera. paN- v [A2; c] go to Junquera St. to a house of prostitution.

hunglus_1 = aláyun, n, v1.

hunglus_2 = hunlus.

hungù = nguhù.

hungug a stupid, lacking in intelligence and capacity to perceive, learn. v [B2; b6] be, become stupid. ka- n stupidity. Sa ímung kahungug nabuak ang básu, Because of your stupidity the glass broke. sa ímung ka- expression of disgust at s.o. for saying s.t. stupid. Dag-an sa ímung kahungug. Pildi bayà ku, What do you mean I won? You ass, I lost.

hungus = hunglus_1.

hungut v [B4] for a boil to swell. Talibutu ang hubag nga maghungut, The boil that is swelling is about to erupt.

húngut n bowl made out of three-quarters of a coconut shell. nawung ug — round faced, like a húngut. dílì — ang kalibútan there are plenty of fish in the ocean (lit. the world is not a coconut shell). Sahug dì ka mangasáwa nákù. Maáyu mag húngut ning kalibútan, So what if you don’t marry me. Fine, if this world were a coconut shell (but it’s not). v [A13; a12] make, make into a coconut-shell bowl.

hunguy v [A; ac] do s.t. stealthily without anyone’s notice. Muhunguy lang mug pangáun dì mu mangagda? Are you going to eat by yourselves in secret without inviting us? Nakahunguy ang mga girilya pagsulud sa garisun, The guerrillas were able to sneak into the garrison. Ihunguy ning sulat pagtúnul níya, Give her this letter secretly.

hunhun v {1} [A3P; c1] pull down s.t. which wraps or encloses s.t. Duha ka táwu ang nagpugung sa íyang buktun ug láin ang mihunhun sa íyang panti, Two men held her arms while another pulled her panties down. {2} [B; a12] for solids (grains, sand, powder) to settle, sink gradually to a level. Muhunhun ang bugas kun uyúgun ang gisudlan niíni, The rice grains will settle if you shake the container. Naghunhun ang bungdù sa lubung, The mound of the grave is gradually settling. {3} [B2; b6] for the hair to fall out. Mihunhun (nahunhun) ang ákung mga buhuk nga kaspahun, I lost lots of hair because of dandruff. n hair which has fallen out. Daghang hunhun nga nadá sa ákung pagsudlay, My comb was full of hair after I finished combing it.

húni n song, musical sounds. Ang paburítu kung húni, My favorite song. Ang húni sa busay, The song of the waterfall. v [A] make melodious sounds. Naghúni na ang mga mangliw, The katydids are singing. mag-r- n musician. mahuníun a melodious. paN-, panúni n {1} quality of singing, intonation and pitch. {2} tone of voice. May dalang kasukù ang panúni sa íyang tíngug, His voice carried a note of anger. v [B1456] for the voice to sound a certain way.

húnit a {1} tough and resilient. Húnit ang tsitsarun, lisud usápun, These pork rinds aren’t crisp. They’re tough and resilient and difficult to chew. {2} being strong and firm, resistant to breakage. Húnit kaáyu ning plastíka, Dì man mabuak ug dukdúkun, This is tough plastic because it doesn’t break when you pound it. {3} difficult to come by. Húnit kaáyu ang trabáhu run, Work is hard to come by these days. {4} resistant to doing s.t. Húnit nga mga dalikdik, Stubborn streaks of dirt that won’t come out. Húnit siya nga musugut, It is difficult to get her to accept the marriage proposal. v {1} [B; b6] be tough and resilient. {2} [B2; b6] become tough, resistant to breakage. {3} [B4; b6] put up resistance to doing s.t. Naghúnit ku sa pagrikumindǎr níya, I am hesitant to recommend him. {4} [A2] hold s.t. nearly severed by a thread. Gamayng pánit na lang naghúnit sa ákung tudlù nga natigbasan, A little bit of skin was all that was holding my finger when it chopped off. ka- n strength to resist tension, tensile strength. -un a having great tensile strength.

hunlak v {1} [A; c] throw, knock s.t. down from the place it is resting. Nahunlak siya sa lubing íyang gisak-an, He fell from the coconut tree he climbed. Ihunlak ang mga kargang baril ug mukusug ug bawud, Throw the gasoline drums overboard if the waves grow big. {2} [A23P; b4] for a plane to collapse. Nahunlak ang salug tungud sa kadaghan sa bisíta, The floor gave way because of the many visitors.

hunlus v [B12; c1] {1} lower s.t. that is attached on a rope at a higher point. Ihunlus (hunlúsun) ang bandíra mahápun, The flag is lowered in the afternoon. {2} for anything attached s.w. to come down. Nahunlus ang íyang karsúnis, His pants slipped down.

hunsuy n {1} pipe for smoking. {2} pistol (slang). v {1} [A23; a12] make into a pipe. {2} [AN] smoke s.t. with a pipe. hunsuyhunsuy n name for auger shells: long, slender shells which resemble cigarette holders.

hunta n board of directors of a civic unit or enterprise. Hunta munisipal, Municipal board. Ang hunta sa maghuhukum, The board of judges. Hunta diriktíba, Board of directors.

huntà n section of structures arranged on top of one another or behind one another. huntàhuntà n sections of s.t. Duha ka huntàhuntà ang ílang balay, Their house has two stories. Ang huntàhuntà sa sayal sa baylirína, The tiers of the ballerina’s dress. Ang huntàhuntà sa káha, The sections of the till. v [A13; c1] be sections or divisions arranged one above or behind another. Naghuntàhuntà ang húnus sa lamísa, The drawers are stacked on top of each other on the table.

hunub v [A; b6] {1} seep through pores. Mihunub ang túbig sa yútà, The water seeped into the ground. Nabasà ang lamísa kay gihunuban sa túbig sa tadyaw, The table got wet because the water seeped out from the jar onto it. {2} leak through small holes. {3} affect slowly, as if seeping in. Mihunub sa íyang hunàhúnà ang usa ka mayugtánung panimalus, Dreams of angry revenge seeped into his mind. Mihunub ang madutlánung katugnaw sa íyang kinahiladman, A penetrating cold seeped into his innermost bones. a leaky, allowing to seepage. n leak, seepage.

hunulhúnul = humulhúmul.

húnung v [APB2S3; c1] {1} stop, cease forward motion, cause s.t. to do so. Kinsay naghúnung (nagpahúnung) sa dyip, Who stopped the jeep? Gihunúngan mi sa dyip, The jeep stopped for us. {2} stop, discontinue functioning or operating, cause s.t. to do so. Kinsa may muhúnung (mupahúnung) sa ámung dúlà? Who will stop our game? Naghunung ang ákung rilu, My watch has stopped. {3} [A2; a12] stop doing s.t. Mihúnung siya ug hílak, He stopped crying. way — continuous, unceasing. -anan n bus stop.

húnus_1 v [A; a] take a human life. Ulípun siya ug mahímung hunúsun ang íyang kinabúhì bisan anus-a, He is a slave, and his life may be snuffed out at any time.

húnus_2 n drawer. v [A; a1] pull a drawer out. Nakadungug ku nga dihay mihúnus sa ákung lamísa, I’ve heard s.o. pulling the drawer in my table out. hunushúnus n = húnus, n.

Hunyu n June. v see abril.

húp = húlup.

hupà = hulpà.

hupak v [B246] develop a crack such that the separated pieces are no longer in contact. Mihupak ang simintu paglínug, The concrete cracked in the earthquake. n crack.

hup-ak v [AB2; a12] peel, flake off, cause s.t. to do so. Ang pintal muhup-ak basta dáan na, Paint peels off when it is old. n s.t. that has peeled or flaked off.

hupas v {1} [B] for s.t. to lose its aroma, powers, flavor, and the like by being left uncovered. Mihupas ang sigarilyu, The cigarette lost its flavor. Nagkahupas na ang lamì sa bínu, The wine is losing its bouquet. {2} [B] for land to lose its fertility. Sa púlù ka túig muhupas ang yútà, In ten years the soil will lose its fertility. {3} [B2; b6] for a feeling to wane. Nahupas na ang ákung gána pagbiyáhi, I’ve lost my appetite for travelling. Nahupsan na kug paílub, I’ve run out of patience.

*hupaw paN- v [A] sigh. Nanghupaw siya kay gikapuy, He is sighing because he is tired. n sigh. ma-un a done with a sigh.

hupay = humpay.

huphup v [A2; b6] subside, sink down to a lower level. Ug muhuphup na ang túbig sa linung-ag hináyi ang síga, When the rice water goes down, lower the fire. Mihuphup na ang hubag pagbutu, The boil went down after it came to a head.

húping v {1} [A; a] put long things carefully and neatly together to make a thin flat grouping. Kinsay muhúping sa mga tabákù nga manutúhun? Who will flatten out and pile the tobacco leaves neatly together? Hupínga ang nagkalkag mung buhuk, Smooth out your hair. It’s all disheveled. {2} [A; a1] flatten s.t. out by rubbing the hands over it. Hupínga nang mantil nga kunut, Smooth out the tablecloth. a smoothed out, piled and pressed together neatly. pa- v [A; a] groom the hair flat. n preparation for grooming the hair.

húpit v {1} [B1; b6] have s.t. sticking to it such that it is hard to get off. Naghúpit ang samput sa tái, Feces are sticking to his rump. Nahúpit (gihupítan) ang buhuk kay napitlan sa tsuwinggam, Her hair is all stuck together because chewing gum got into it. Naghúpit ang papílis kay basà, The papers stuck together because they were wet. {2} [B126] be soaked through so that the clothing, hair, feathers stick to the body.

hupù v {1} [A; b6] crouch down to stay hidden. Mihupù ang kawatan likud sa kural, The thief crouched behind the fence. {2} [A2; b6(1)] duck, lower the head. Wà ku maigù sa búla kay mihupù ku pagkalit, The ball didn’t hit me because I ducked suddenly.

hupukhupuk v [B46N] for the body to be pale and swelling slightly. Muhupukhupuk (manghupukhupuk) ang ákung bitíis ug mukáun kug bábuy, My legs swell slightly and get pale if I eat pork.

hupung, húpung n sickness characterized by swelling or puffiness all over the body. v {1} [B3N; a4] swell with this disease. Mihupung (mihúpung) ang íyang áping ug túhud. Gihúpung tingáli siya, Her face and knees are swollen. She probably has húpung. {2} [B] become full of an emotion or feeling. (→) a {1} swollen with this sickness. {2} full of an emotion. Hupung sa pagmáhay ang íyang tubag, Her answer was full of regrets. paN- = húpung.

huput v {1} [A; b6] obtain, possess s.t. abstract or s.t. rare and especial. Wà pay nakahuput ánang matánga sa aláhas dinhi, No one here has ever come to possess that sort of jewelry. Talagsaung katakus nga íyang gihuptan, The extraordinary ability that he possesses. {2} have dominion, rule over. Ang Ispanya mihuput sa Pilipínas ug kapin sa tulu ka siglu, Spain ruled the Philippines for more than three centuries.

húpuy v [B26] for s.o. visibly angry to cool off. Nahúpuy ku sa ákung kasukù paghílak níya, I cooled down when she cried. (→) a having a subdued, not excitable disposition. Gáhì suk-un ang hupuy nga táwu, It’s hard to provoke a mild person.

hupyà n hopia, a k.o. Chinese rounded pastry consisting of a flaky crust with a bean or meat filling. v [A; a12] make or prepare hopia.

hupyak a sunken. Hupyak kaáyu ang dughan sa tisísun, He has T.B. and has a sunken chest. v [B1; a12] become sunken. Muhupyak ang áping basta matigúlang na, The cheeks become sunken when one gets old. Nahupyak ang kík, The cake fell.

hurabhurab, hurabhúrab v [A; b6(1)] make angry, threatening gestures and words. Kusug siyang muhurabhurab nátù ug masayup ta, He threatens and frightens us when we commit mistakes. n angry and threatening words and gestures.

hurádu n judge for contests. Gitimbangtimbang sa hurádu ang mananáug sa banggà, The board of judges is deciding on who will be the winner of the contest.

hurahura_1 v [A; b(1)] hurry s.o. up in a bossy manner. Gihurahurahan sa purman ang mga kamaníru, The foreman hurried the street cleaners up.

hurahura_2 v [B1456] be eager and excited. Naghurahura siyang nagpakisáyud sa risulta sa burd, He was eager and excited asking about the results of the board exams.

hural = hurar.

huraminta = hiraminta.

huramintádu v [A13] run amok. Maghuramintádu ku ug dì ku nímu sugtun, I will run amok if you do not accept me. n one who runs amok.

huramintu n {1} oath-taking. {2} pledge a soldier makes as to the number of years he will serve. {3} term of office. v [A] pledge to serve a number of years. Mihuramintu ug tulu ka túig ang rikulúta sa armi, The army recruit pledged to serve three years.

hurar v {1} [A2; c] surrender, give oneself up to another’s power or control. Ug ikay makigláyug nákù dì ku muhurar nímu, If you want to fight me, I will not surrender to you. {1a} [A23; b6] make attempts at reconciliation by being the first to speak. Nag-úlì na mi kay mihurar siya nákù, We have made up now because she spoke to me. {2} make an oath to do s.t. Mihurar ang tistígu sa pagtug-an sa tinúud, The witness swore to tell the truth. Mihurar siya pagkamayur, He took the oath of office to become mayor. n one who has surrendered.

húrat v [A; b(1)] look at s.o. fiercely or show s.t. to s.o. to intimidate him. Gipaguwà níla ang ílang armalayits arun sa paghúrat sa mga butanti, They brought out their rifles to intimidate the voters. Mikúrug ku dihang gihurátan ku sa bágis, I trembled when the toughie glowered at me. n display of s.t. that threatens.

húraw v {1} [A; a12] drive s.o. or s.t. away. Huráwa ang bábuy nga nangáun sa kamúti, Drive away the pig that is eating the sweet potatoes. {2} [A; b6(1)] scold s.o. severely and loudly using abusive language and, usually, gestures. Ang inahan sa dalágang ámung gibugalbugalan mauy mihúraw námù, The mother of the girl we made fun of scolded us severely. {3} [A; a1] threaten gravely. Gihúraw sa blakmílir nga itug-an ang asáwang naglaki, The blackmailer threatened to divulge the wife’s illicit relations. {4} [A; a12] drive s.o. into working faster. Ayaw kug huráwa kay magkasáyup hinúun, Don’t hurry me because I’ll only botch it up. n threat. hurawhúraw v [A1; b6] for a person of lower station to make an improper joke with a person of higher station. Gihurawhuráwan ku sa bátà nga nakísì nu ákung karsúnis kay giut-an, The child made a disrespectful joke when she asked me if my pants were torn because I broke wind. n disrespectful banter. hurawhurawan a given to disrespectful jokes.

huríkì n k.o. lizard fish.

hurimhurim n magical prayers said to give supernatural powers or protection from harm (slang).

hurisdiksiyun n jurisdiction.

hurnáda n {1} work bee where the members may or may not be paid. {2} round in a contest, e.g. boxing. Sa únang hurnáda natikíu dáyun siya, He was felled by a T.K.O. on the first round. v [A2C; abc3] {1} do s.t. by a work bee. Mihurnáda ang tanan paghinlù sa plása, Everybody participated in a work bee to clean the town plaza. {2} do s.t. in a large group. Naghurnáda silag ínum pagkadawat sa búnus, They went together on a drinking spree upon receiving their bonus.

hurnu = hudnu.

hurs n {1} horse in a chess piece. {2} one’s girl friend or mistress (from kabáyù, n 2—slang).

hurspáwir n horsepower. v [A13; b(1)] have, provide with [so-and-so] much horsepower.

huruhuru n {1} a throbbing, continuous sound of ‘broom broom’. {2} action which could be characterized by this sound. v do actions which cause this sort of sound: {1} [A] shiver with cold. Naghuruhuru siya sa katugnaw, He was shivering with cold. {2} [A13] burn with a roaring flame. Naghuruhuru ang dakung dáub, The big bonfire is roaring. {2a} for one’s love to be intense. Naghuruhuru giyud tingáli ang pagbátì sa duha kay nalímut man sa ílang kaugalíngun, The two must have fallen uncontrollably in love, for they have forgotten themselves. {3} [A; b(1)] scold severely and abusively. {4} [A; b(1)] drive s.o. to work in a hurry. Naghuruhuru siya nga ipahuman ang trabáhu, He rushed us up to finish the job. {5} [A] be eager to do s.t. Naghuruhuru siyang mupaúlì sa bakasiyun, She waited eagerly to go home for the holidays.

hurung a slow of understanding, not possessing much sense. Dì ka pa hurung, gipangáyù tà tu nímung suklì, If you were not stupid, you would have asked for the change. v [B135; b6] be, become stupid.

hurus v {1} [A] for the wind to blow hard. Ug muhurus ang hángin mapadpad ang balay, If the wind blows hard, the house will be blown down. {2} [B1256] be blown off from an attachment as if stripped. Nahurus ang dáhun sa káhuy sa makusug nga hángin, The leaves of the tree were blown away by the strong wind. 3, 4 = harus 1, 3.

hurut v {1} [A; a12] consume, use up all of s.t. Tulu ka kílung asúkar ámung mahurut káda búwan, We consume three kilograms of sugar every month. {1a} [b4(1)] run out of. Nahutdan mi ug gasulína, We ran out of gas. {2} [A; ac] do s.t. to everything or everybody. Hutdun ta mu ug latigu, I will whip every one of you. Hutdan tag kúhag búnga ang mangga, Let’s take all the fruits on the mango tree. Ihurut ug hátag ang mga ituy, Give all the puppies away. (←) v [A13; b6] for everybody to go s.w. at one time. Naghúrut ang ámung mga mutsátsag pamista, All of our maids left us to go to the fiesta. -in- mustering, gathering. Hinurut ang íyang kusug gitikbas níya ang sawa, Mustering all his strength, he slashed at the snake. hutdanay, hinutdanay, hutdánay, hinutdánay n s.t. done to the end. Gustu ka diay ug láyug nga hutdanay sa kusug, So you want a fight to the finish. Hinutdánay giyud sa puhúnan nang ílang súgal, They gamble until one of them runs out of money. ka-un(→), kahutdanun n state of being used up as an end effect. Walay kahurutun (kahutdanun) sa túbig kay kusug ang tubud, There’s no using up of the water because the spring flows strong.

hús_1 n hose to convey liquids. v [c1] use a hose.

hús_2 = hulus.

husà v [B146] for children to be restless and fidgety. Naghusà ang bátà kay gihilantan, The child is restless because he has a fever.

húsà v [A; b3c] mumble words of anger or displeasure loud enough for the affected party to hear. Naghúsà ang tigúwang kay wà bayri, The old man muttered angrily because they didn’t pay him. n word mumbled, action of doing so.

húsay a {1} orderly, without confusion. Húsay kaáyu ang dimunstrisyun gahápun, The demonstration yesterday was very orderly. {2} well arranged with everything put in its designated place. Húsay kaáyu ang íyang kwartu, His room is very well arranged. Húsay kaáyu ang íyang buhuk, His hair is very well groomed. n {1} hearing in court or court trial. Sa húsay namatud-an nga tulu ka ripli nawálà, In the hearing it came out that three rifles were lost. Human sa húsay ang sinumbung gisintinsiyahan sa kamatáyun, At the end of the trial the accused was sentenced to death. {2} settling of accounts. Mahibaw-an unyà nátù ug pilay ákung útang human sa húsay, After we have settled accounts, we will know how much I owe. v {1} [B2] be peaceful. Mahúsay lang ang balay ug mubíyà siya sa ínum, The house will only know peace if he quits his drinking. {2} [A13; a12] put in order. Naghúsay ku sa ákung mga papílis pára sa lún, I am putting the documents for the loan in order. Husáya nang mga pamantaláan ug ayúha ug hapnig, Put the newspapers in order and stack them up. {3} [A; a2] untangle, unsnarl. Husáya ang pasul kay ikay nakagubut, Unsnarl the fishline because you tangled it up. {3a} comb or brush the hair. Muhúsay ku ánang ímung buhuk nga nagkulipíti pag-áyu, I’ll brush out your hair. It’s all matted. {4} [A; a12] hear out two opponents to judge them. Akuy muhúsay ninyu arun mahibalu ku ug kinsay sad-an, I will hear both of you out so I will know who is guilty. {4a} conduct a court hearing or trial. {5} [AC; a12] settle up accounts. (→) a done with great ease and convenience. Husay kaáyu kung manarbáhu dinhis balay kun walà ang mga bátà, I can work with ease here in the house if the children are not around. ka- n {1} peace, calmness. {2} order. -in-an n threads from which entangling threads have been removed. -únun n {1} rope, thread to be unsnarled. {2} protagonist to be heard out and culpability determined. {3} accounts to be settled.

husgǎr v [A; b6] pass judgment. Muhusgǎr ang huwis human sa bista, The judge passes judgment after the hearing. Makasalà ta ug maghusgǎr ta sa átung isig ka táwu, We sin if we judge our fellowman. Si Maríya Magdalína gihusgahang usa ka dakung makasasálà, Mary Magdalene was adjudged a great sinner. n judgment. husgádu n court. v [B126; c] be brought to court. Mahusgádu giyud ka, You will certainly be hailed into court. Ngánung ihusgádu pa man ninyu ang inyung kásu? Why must you bring your case to court?

hushus v [B12; c1] for s.t. fitted around the body or limbs to slip down. Nagkahushus ang karsúnis sa bátà, The child’s pants are slipping down.

húsi n a fine, plainly woven fabric from pineapple leaf fibers.

huslà v [AB2; a] for s.t. to come out of a place it is stuck in, cause it to do so. Muhuslà ang unud sa kinhasun kun supsúpun, The flesh of the seashell will come out if you suck on it. Siya ray naghuslà sa udyung nga nagtaruy sa íyang buktun, He pulled out the arrow that pierced his arm by himself. {2} [A3P; b8] remove an affliction. Kining tambála muhuslà sa nirbiyus, This medicine relieves nervous tension. Human gwai nahusláan siya sa hígal, After his orgasm his sexual desires were relieved.

huslir = haslir.

huslù v [AB12; a12] {1} for s.t. that is loosely fitted around s.t. to come off, cause it to do so. Huslúa ang didal, Take the thimble off. {2} take off anything that is fitted around or take s.t. out of s.t. that fits around it. Nagkahuslà na ang pul-an sa sundang, The handle of the sword is coming off.

huslut v [B12; a2] take s.t. that is tightly fitted around s.t. off usually with a jerking motion. Dì na mahuslut ning singsing kay nanagkù ákung tudlù, This ring won’t get off any more because my fingers have gotten too big.

huspital n hospital. v {1} [A123P; a3] hospitalize. Nahuspital kug lima ka adlaw, I was hospitalized for five days. {2} [a2] build a hospital.

hustis n {1} hostess in a night club. {2} hostess at a party. v {1} [B16; b6c1] be a hostess in a night club. {2} [A; b(1)] host a party. Si Máma ang muhustis sa ílang dispidída, Mother will host a going-away party for them.

hustisya_1 n {1} justice. {2} = husgǎr. v = husgǎr.

hustisya_2 n an ornamental potted shrub bearing orange or deep pink flowers: Crossandra infundibuliformis.

hustiyas = ustiyas.

hustu {1} proper in time. Hustu na rung ilarga, Now is a good time to leave. {2} enough, sufficient. Duha ka buuk pán hustu pára pugung sa gútum, Two pieces of bread are enough to stave off hunger. Hustu sa kaínit ang kapi, The coffee is just hot enough. {3} fitting. Hustu ba ang sukud? Is it the right size? {4} right, correct. Hustu ang ímung tubag, You gave the right answer. {5} having reached exactly [so-and-so] much. Hustu nang usa ka dusína, This makes it exactly one dozen. {5a} be complete. Íning instulmína, hustu na ang báyad, With this installment the payment is complete. Hustu pa ba ang baráha? Is the deck still complete? v {1} [A2] fit. Muhustu ba sa ímung tiil ning sapatúsa? Will these shoes fit you? {2} [B126; a12] be correct. {3} [A2; a12] reach a certain number. Makapanunud ka ug mahustu ka na sa idad, When you reach legal age, you can claim your inheritance. {3a} [A] for a debt to be paid off entirely. kahustúan n completion or arrival at a quantity as an end. Way kahustúan sa átung bihilya kay pirming kabuk-an, We can never complete our china set because s.t. or other always breaks.

husù_1 v {1} [A2C; c1] pull out s.t. that is fitted tightly into s.t. Wà maghúsù ang irù nga naghábal, The two dogs that were copulating couldn’t get apart. Gihus-an ku níya sa íyang sundang, He pulled his bolo out at me. {2} [B; b4] for s.t. fitted tightly into s.t. to work loose. Nagkahusù ang pul-an sa kutsilyu, The handle of the knife is coming loose. {2a} [b4] for the blade of an instrument to fly off on one and hit him. Hihus-an siya sa prákul, The head of the axe came off and injured him. a loose inside s.t.

husù_2 a bearing a close resemblance to one’s parents or forebears. Husù kaáyu ka sa ímung inahan, You look exactly like your mother. v [B26; b6] look exactly like one’s parents.

husud v [A; b] for several persons to take turns carrying a load to a distant place in relays. Kay layù mag huspital husuran lang nátug dáyung ang masakitun, The hospital is far away, so we’ll take turns carrying the patient.

húsud v [A; b6] buy part of s.o.’s purchases from him, esp. food. Way makahúsud ning sud-ána kay pára ni sa masakitun, I won’t sell any of this food I bought because it is for the patient.

huswà_1 v [ABN; a2] slowly pull off s.t. that is around s.t. else; pull off, come out. Kinsay naghuswà sa pánit nga gúma áring alambri? Who slipped the insulation off of this wire? Muhuswà (manghuswà) usáhay ang pánit sa bátang mga usa ka búlan sa maháyag, An infant’s skin sometimes peels off a month after it is born. Ug huswáun (ihuswà) ku ning ákung antipára, bulanun ang ákung tinan-awan, If I take my eyeglasses off, my vision will get dim. —ang katahum for a dressed-up woman to lose her beauty by doing s.t. to spoil her looks. Muhuswà ang ímung katahum ug maglampásu kang nakaílis na, You won’t look nice any more if you scrub the floor after you have put on your good clothes.

hut expression said to incite a dog to attack: sic him.

hút v [A; c] set food aside for s.o. Naghút kug isdà pára ra giyud nímu, I set aside some fish just for you.

húta n letter J.

hútak v [A1P] do s.t. to excess. Ayaw dihag pahútak ug káun kay náa pay wà kakaun, Don’t eat so much. Other people haven’t eaten yet.

hutay n line hung for drying. v [A; c] string a line for drying. Kining alambri ákung ihutay pára sa hayhayan, I’ll string this wire up for a clothesline.

hútay a s.t. crisp that has softened due to exposure to air. v [B] for s.t. crisp to become soft and soggy. Mahútay ang inarmirulan ug matun-ugan, Starched clothing will lose its crispness if you don’t keep it out of the damp.

hutbà v [B256] for a surface to give way under weight. Nahutbà ang kát sa síyang íyang gitungtúngan, He stepped on the caned seat and it gave way.

hutbaw v [B246; b6] for the eyelids to swell from too much crying, sleeping, or overindulgence in salty foods. Mihutbaw ang íyang mata ug hinílak, Her eyes swelled from crying so much.

huthut_1 v [A; b5] drain, exhaust s.o.’s wealth. Muhuthut sa katigayúnan ang súgal, Gambling drains off one’s resources. Gihuthut (gihuthútan) lang ka ánang babayhána, That woman is just sucking your money.

huthut_2 n {1} the coo of the turtledove or imitation of such a sound. {2} barking of a dog. v [A; b6] {1} coo or imitate cooing by blowing through the hands formed into a hollow cone. {2} [A; a] bark.

huthut_3 v [B12] collapse under heavy weight. Mahuthut ang salug ug palabian sa mga bisíta, The floor will collapse if there are too many visitors.

huthut_4 = haluthut.

hutik v {1} [A; b5] for fish to snap at the bait. Ígù lang hutikan sa isdà ang paun. Mau nga dílì giyud matag-an, The fish just snap at the bait. That’s why you can’t hook them. {2} [A; b] slightly hurt s.o. Gihutikan nákù ang bátag latigu, I struck the child once lightly with the whip. {3} [A; b] engage in petting or making love (humorous). (←)_1 {1} = hutik, 2. -ay v [c] pet or have intercourse. n action of snapping.

hútik_2 a be all mud. Hútik ang tugkaran, The front yard is all mud. v [B; b6] for an area to turn to mud. Muhútik (mahútik) nang dapíta ug dì butangag balas, That place will become muddy if you don’t put sand on it.

hutil n hotel. v [A13; a12] stay at, make into a hotel.

hutináni n name of a modern dance. v [A] do this dance.

hutluk a drunk. v [B12; a12] be, become drunk or intoxicated with liquor. Nahutluk siyag ininum sa lambanug, He became intoxicated from drinking the nipa alcohol.

huts = hut.

hutúhut n cool breeze. v [A23] for a cool breeze to blow. Mihutúhut ang hángin gíkan sa búkid, A cool breeze came down from the mountain.

hutukhutuk v [A1; b3] stay motionless, staring into space and blinking the eyes. Naghutukhutuk ka man. Nagdamgu ka? Why are you staring into space? Are you daydreaming?

hut-ung n {1} layer or section. Kík nga duhay hut-ung, A cake in two layers. Hut-ung sa dag-um, A layer of clouds. Kinahitas-ang hut-ung sa katilingban, The highest layer of society. {2} section of an organization. Ang mga kadíti nagmartsa sa parid sa ikaduhang hut-ung, The cadets are marching in the parade in the second section. {3} a quantity of s.t. usually set apart from others. Usa ka hut-ung sa mga bátà nagdúlà pud sa sísu, A group of children also played on the see-saw.

hutútay n k.o. Chinese soup with wanton noodles in it.

hútuy_1 n heavy, prolonged coughing. Gihútuy ku sa pagkinatáwa, I broke into a coughing fit from laughing so much.

hutwang_1 v [B6; c1] for the rumps to be exposed. Nahutwang ang lubut kay nawalis ang sinínà, Her behind was exposed because her skirt was blown upwards.

hutwang_2 v [A; b6] for dogs to howl. Muhutwang ang irù ug makakitag panulay, Dogs howl when they see devils. n howl.

huum v [A] put a mouthful of food into the mouth to eat. Muhuum kug diyútayng kan-un kay gigútum ku, I’ll stick a mouthful of food into my mouth because I’m hungry. n mouthful.

húum v {1} [B16] be confined such that air, gas cannot escape. Naghúum ang nagkalainláing báhù sulud sa sinihan, Various odors were stored up in the theater. Mihubag ang íyang núka kay nahúum kini iláwum sa plastir, His boil swelled because the plaster kept the noxious gas in it. {2} [B156; c6] for s.t. that provokes an intense unpleasant feeling to be pent up. Ang suliran nga naghúum sa íyang dughan, The problems that have been suppressed in her breast. Ayawg ihúum ang kayugut, Don’t repress anger.

huung v [A2; a12] {1} get food that hasn’t been served. Hung-un sa iring ang tinúlang isdà, The cat will get at the fish stew. {2} eat s.t. right out of the pot. Maghuung na lang ku diri kay kapuy nang magkúhag plátu, I’ll just eat from the pot, because it’s too much trouble to get a plate. {3} [A; a12] do illicit acts with another man’s wife. Dúnay muhuung sa asáwa inigbyáhi sa bána níyang kapitan, S.o. takes over after the husband, who is a ship captain, goes off.

huut_1 a {1} tight in fit. Huut kaáyu ang ákung sapátus, My shoes are very tight. Huut ang takub. Gáhing tangtángun, The cover is on very tight. It’s hard to get it off. {2} tight in feeling. Huut kaáyu ang ákung tunlan tungud sa kahadluk, My throat was tight with fear. {3} crowded. Huut kaáyu ang sinihan, The moviehouse was very crowded. v {1} [A23; acP] stuck or wedged tight. Ang bábuy mihuut sa imburnal, The pig got stuck in the culvert. Ihuut ang kálù sa úlu, Put the hat tightly on the head. {1a} [B4] for the chest, throat to tighten. {2} [A2] fill up a space entirely. Ang íyang nawung mihuut sa ritrátu, Her face filled up the photograph. (←) a very crowded. v [A13] be jampacked. Naghúut ang mga pumapálit sa baratilyu, The buyers jampacked the bargain sale. pa- v {1} [A; c] jam s.t. in s.w. {2} [A; a12] practice pahuut sorcery on s.o. n k.o. sorcery causing swelling and rapid death. The leaves and bark of a tree with magical properties are caused to come into contact with the skin of the intended victim either by hanging them in his path or by rubbing them onto him.

huut_2 = huung.

huwà v [A; b] separate things from each other by distance or by a division. Ang ámung lúti gihuwaan ug subà, Our lots are separated by a river.

huwa- for words with huwa- see also under hula-.

huwad (from húlad) v [A; b6(1)] {1} pour s.t. off into a container or some place to be kept. Kinsay naghuwad sa mais diri sa salug? Who poured the corn grains here on the floor? Ihuwad ang súkà sa butilya, Pour the vinegar into the bottle. {2} pour money into an area. Ang Sibu gihuwaran ni Markus ug duha ka milyun, Marcos poured two million into Cebu. {3} [A2] for an image or likeness to appear in one’s offspring or on s.t. it was transferred to. Ang ímung kaguwápa mihuwad ngadtu sa ímung bátà, Your daughter has inherited your beauty. Ang hulagway sa palutup wà makahuwad kay dílì hustug ínit ang plansa, The image didn’t transfer because the iron was not hot enough. (←) n action of intense pouring. huwaránan n receptacle, dumping place.

huwag, huwaghuwag n slender vine, the split stems of which are used for tying purposes: Flagellaria indica.

Huwan name John. — dila krus the Filipino John Doe, name given to represent the average Filipino. — Púsung character in folk tales of low position but great cleverness who succeeds in getting the better of people in high positions.

húwap v [A; b5] stroke gently. Natúlug ang bátà nga ákung gihúwap (gihuwápan), The child that I stroked gently went to sleep.

huwas_1 v [A2PB; b4] {1} bring relief, be relieved. Kining tablitása daling muhuwas (mupahuwas) sa hilánat, These tablets quickly relieve fever. Mihuwas (nahuwas) na ákung sakit, My pain has been relieved. Nahuwasan na siya sa kahadluk, He has recovered from his fear. {1a} [b(1)] vent one’s anger on. Siyay gihuwasan sa ákung kalágut, I vented my anger on him. {2} get over some bad character trait. Nahuwasan na siya sa binúang human hikastiguhi, He got over his foolishness after he got punished. pa- n s.t. used to relieve.

huwas_2 n k.o. catfish.

huwásay = wásay, n.

huwásù a shoddily made. Huwásù nga pagkaáyu sa sapátus, daling naukab, The shoes were poorly repaired. They came apart again. v [B1; c1] for workmanship to be poor.

huwat (from hulat) expression commanding a draft animal to stop: whoa.

huwátid = huyátid.

huwi- for words with huwi- see also huy-.

huwis n judge. v {1} [B16] be, become a judge. Huwisun siya sa Bugu, He will be made a judge in Bogo. {2} [A; b(1)] autopsy a murder victim to gather evidence. Gihuwisan únà ang minatay únà dad-a sa punirarya, The body was autopsied before it was brought to the funeral parlor. — dikutsilyu n massacre of all civilians caught in an area. Tungud kay gipatay ang upisyal mimandù ang mga Hapunánun ug huwis dikutsilyu, Because an officer was murdered, the Japanese put out the order for a mass murder. v [A1; c] conduct a massacre. — dipas n justice of the peace. †

huy_1 exclamation used upon greeting s.o. with whom one is intimate. Huy, Abil! Kumusta ka! Hey, Abel! How are you! huyhúy v [C] associate in a friendly way with (be on huy greeting terms). Dílì siya makighuyhúy sa íyang silíngan, She keeps aloof from her neighbors. n friendly association. panaghuyhúy n having feelings of amity toward one another.

huy_2, hùy n {1} exclamation to attract immediate attention: hey! Hùy, nag-unsa ka man dihà! Hey! What do you think you’re doing? {2} exclamation uttered upon being provoked. Huy! Ngánung manghíkap man ka! Hey! What do you think you’re doing touching me!

húy = hiluy.

huy-ab v [A2N] yawn. Nagpanghuy-ab kung nagpaábut nímu, I kept yawning, waiting for you. paN- = huy-ab.

huyad v [A; c] raise the arms preparatory to striking. Gihuyad níya ang pinútì, He brandished his sword. n action of doing so.

huyamì_1 a {1} poorly built, rickety in build. {2} fragile in health. v [B; c1] come out poorly built. Mahuyamì (muhuyamì) ang ímung lamísa ug dì butangan ug brís, Your table will be weak if you don’t put braces on it.

huyamì_2 a {1} clumsy, awkward in movement. {2} moving lazily, without energy. Dúgayng makapanlimpiyu ang táwung huyamig linihukan, A person who moves lazily takes forever to get the cleaning done. v [B; a12] be wanting in gracefulness and agility. Magkahuyamì ang linihukan sa usa nga hápit nang maulitáwu, A youth nearing adolescence gets awkward in his body movements.

húyang a {1} rickety, shaky. Húyang nga hagdan, Rickety staircase. {2} lacking in firmness, resolve, or will power. Húyang siya kaáyu. Dì makabalíbad, He’s weak-willed. He can’t say ‘no’. Ang táwung húyang húmuk matintal, A weak person easily gets tempted. {3} weak, not said with conviction or persuasiveness. Misugut siya sa usa ka húyang nga tangdù, He agreed with a weak ‘yes’. Húyang kaáyung pangatarúngan, Shaky arguments. v [B1; b6] for s.t. built to be or become rickety, shaky or for s.o.’s will, argument to become weak. n {1} weaker sex, women. Ang mga húyang nagpabílin sa báy, The weaker sex remained at home. {2} homosexual, man affecting effeminate behavior. (→) {1} = húyang, a. ma- a very weak. ka- n weakness, shakiness.

huyátid v [AN] stretch the body or limbs. Pagmata nákù mihuyátid (nanghuyátid) ku, When I woke up, I stretched.

Huybis n Thursday. see birnis for verb forms. — Santu Maundy Thursday.

huygu_1 v [A; b(1)] {1} do s.t. in a lively and uninhibited way. Mihuygu ug panáyaw ang mga batan-un pagtukar sa kumbu, The young people danced animatedly when the band played. Dílì mi makahuygug tábì basta náa ang prinsipal, We can’t gossip freely if the principal is around. {1a} have freedom to do s.t. Dì nang bayhána makahuygug pangílad dinhi sa Sibu kay nutádu na nà, That woman can’t get away with her swindling in Cebu because she is well known. {2} [A12] perform an action, make a move. Naghulat lang ang babáyi nga makahuygu ang ulitáwu, The woman is just waiting for her suitor to propose. n {1} freedom to do what one wants. Hatágan kug huygu ang ákung anak sa pagpílì sa babáying íyang pangasaw-unun, I will give my son the freedom to choose whoever he wishes to marry. {2} animated portion of the kuratsa dance. {2a} exclamation encouraging brisk movement, esp. in the kuratsa. {3} baby’s trick. Dúna na say bag-ung huygu nga nakat-unan si Dyí. Matas dága na sad, Jay learned a new trick—blinking his eyes. — túdu v [A; a] do s.t. as much as one can or wants to. Mihuygu túdu kug dágan pagkakità ku sa anínu, I ran as fast as I could when I saw the shadow. Wà mi makahuygu túdu ug ínum kay kúlang ang ámung kwarta, We could not drink to our hearts’ content because we didn’t have enough money.

huygu_2 n gambling game. paN- v [A2; b6] engage in gambling. Nanghuygu na pud ka bisag way kwarta, There you are gambling again, even though you have no money. n the activity of gambling.

huygu_3 n complete set of utensils or equipment. Huygu nga plátu, Set of china. Huygu sa sála, Living room set.

huyhuy_1 a for the shoulders to slump. Huyhuy ang abága nga miulì si Nistur tungud sa kapakyas, Nestor went home with drooping shoulders because he failed. v [BN; c1] for the shoulders to droop.

huyhuy_2 n sound of repeated huy’s said to make a horse get going. v [A; a12] command a horse to go. Mitarúti ang kabáyung gihuyhuy sa kutsíru, The horse trotted when the rig driver said getty-up.

huyhúy see huy_1.

huyù a compassion, tender. Huyù ang panagway ni Hisus nga nakigsulti sa mga tinun-an, Jesus talked to his disciples with a tender look on his face. {2} soft, courteous. Mibalíbad siya sa huyung tíngug, She refused in a soft and courteous tone of voice. v {1} [B126] be tender, soft-tempered. Way makahuyù sa gáhì níyang kasingkásing, Nothing can soften his hard heart. ka- n state of being compassionate.

huyúhuy n breeze.

húyung, huyunghúyung n mire, a place which looks like solid ground but is deep mud.

huyup v {1} [A; a] blow air. Tugnaw basta muhuyup ang amíhan, It’s cold when the northeast wind blows. Huypa ang ákung samad, Blow on my wound. {2} [A3; a2] blow s.t. away. Gihuyup sa hángin ang mga papílis, The wind blew the papers away. Gihuypan níya ang libru sa abug, He blew the dust off the books. {3} [A2; a] treat an ailment by huyup. n {1} action of blowing. {2} folk treatment of illness whereby the doctor whispers magical words on the ailing portion of the body and blows softly on it three times. (←) n a children’s game of blowing rubber bands with the mouth. v [AC; a] play this game. huypanay = húyup.

huyut v [B] for s.t. to bend in the middle under weight. Húyang ang salug kay muhuyut kun tumban, The flooring is weak because it sags when you step on it. Mihuyut (nahuyut) ang kisami, The ceiling sagged in the middle. Nagkahuyut ang salug nga húyang, Loose floor is becoming wobbly. {2} [B2] sink, as objects do in the sand or mud. Muhuyut (mahuyut) ang ímung tiil kun itunub sa lápuk, Your feet will sink if you step in the mud. a {1} tending to sag. {2} allowing the feet to sink when stepped in.

húyut = húsud.

hwasa, hwasà = aliwása.

hwisyu n {1} sense, judgment of right and wrong. Walay hwisyu ang paggastu sa tibuuk puhúnan, It was showing poor judgment to spend all the capital. {2} state of consciousness. Gianistisyáhan ku, piru wà giyud ku mawad-i sa hwisyu, I was anesthetized, but I did not lose consciousness.

=== I ===

i_1 {1} — midiya half past. Alas tris i midiya, Three-thirty. {2} particle between Spanish numbers: [number_1] i [number_2] n [so-and-so many] pesos to [so-and-so many] pesos. Gilugruhan ku níyag tris i dus, He offered me three pesos to my two pesos.

i_2 {1} expression uttered upon making an error or inadvertently breaking s.t. I, sayup mang numirúha ang ákung nadáyal, Oops, I dialed the wrong number. I, nabuy-an nákù ang básu, Oops, I dropped the glass. I, náa man diay ka sa sulud, Oops, I didn’t know you were inside (the toilet). {2} pause word used when speaker does not know what to say next. I, walà pa tingáli muabut, Er, perhaps they haven’t gotten here yet. {3} exclamation expressing surprise at s.t. unexpected which s.o. did. I, súkul diay ka nákù? You mean to say you will stand up to me? {4} particle expressing disgust. I, sámuk ning batáa, Humph, this child is a nuisance. I, lúpig pay hinúgas ning kapíha, Ugh, this coffee is worse than dishwater. {5} exclamation asserting that s.t. seems to be the case though the interlocutor might not be aware of it. I, pála na man run, Oh, come on! You’re flattering me. (You may not have meant it as flattery but that is what it was.) I, línug man tu, That was an earthquake, wasn’t it?

i_3 n letter E.

í {1} teasing exclamation over s.t. one might envy a person for. Í, bag-u man lagi tag tíbi, Hey, you’ve got a new TV set. Í, pasar man diay ta sa bár, Hey, I didn’t know you passed the bar. {2} exclamation of fright.

i-_1 instrumental passive verb affix, future. (past gi-, subjunctive -i. Potential forms: past na-, or, alternatively, gika-; future and subjunctive ma-_2 or, alternatively, ika-.) Ibutang níya ang kwarta, He will put the money down. Gibutang níya ang kwarta, He put the money down. Walà níya ibutang ang kwarta, He didn’t put the money down. Diin kahà nákù mabutang (ikabutang) ang kwarta? Where could I have put the money? Ang kwartang nabutang (gikabutang) sa lamísa, The money that was put on the table. {1} put, bring, convey s.t. Dì ku ihátag, I will not give it away. Iadtu kaníya ang kwarta, Bring the money to him. Isaka ang malíta sa táas, Bring the suitcase upstairs. {1a} with verbs of saying, asking, and the like: say [so-and-so]. Wà kuy isulti níya, I have nothing to say to him. Unsay ipangutána nákù? What shall I ask? {1b} with verbs containing pa-: have s.o. [do] to. (Cf. -un_1). Ipalútù ku ang isdà, I will have s.o. cook the fish. Ipasaka nátù ang butung, Let’s have s.o. climb up to get the coconuts. Ipahátag ang kík, Have s.o. give the cake away. Ipaadtu ang kík didtu, Have s.o. bring the cake there or Have s.o. go get the cake. {1c} with adjectives or words referring to a state: bring into the state. Iandam na ang mga butang, Prepare the things now. {2} [do] with. Wà kuy kwartang ipalit ug bugas, I have no money to buy rice with. Díay martilyung ibuak sa alkansíya, Here is a hammer to break the piggy bank with. Isapátus ang ímung bag-u, Wear your new shoes (use your new ones as shoes). {3} [do] for (confined, for the most part, to the imperative). Ikúhà ra kug túbig, Please get me some water. {4} [do] at [such-and-such] a time (confined to the future). Hustu na rung iadtu, Now would be a good time to go. {4a} prefixed to verbs following adj.: it is [adj.] to [do]. Ínit rang itrabáhu run, It is too hot to work now. Kaáyu rang ipuyù dinhi, How nice it would be to live here! {5} become in [such-and-such] a state because of. Ayaw ipamintì ang ímung kasukù, Don’t gnash your teeth because of your anger.

i-_2(←) prefix added to roots referring to a place or direction to form nouns meaning ‘place of [so-and-so]’. Ibábaw, Place up above. Ilálum, Place below, beneath. Iláwud, Place toward town (lit. out to the sea).

-i see -an_1.

-i(→) short for hi-i(→). see hi-an.

iba = uban, 2 (dialectal).

íbà_1 n {1} k.o. sour fruit used in sour stews: Averrhoa bilimbi. — sa insik the fruit of the bangkiling. way — ug dì maaslum everything ugly, esp. a woman’s appearance, is disagreeable (lit. all íbà’s are sour). Garbúsa mu rag gwápa. Way íbà ug dì maaslum, She’s proud, as if she were beautiful. Anything ugly is disagreeable.

Íbà_2 n Eve, the first woman of God’s creation. anak ni — n woman. Ang mga anak ni Íbà ang gitaryáhang mauy manganak, Women were given the role of bearing children.

ibabaw, ibábaw see bábaw.

ibakwisyun n evacuation.

ibakwit = bakwit.

iban = uban, 2 (dialectal).

íban v [AP; b] reduce, take s.t. away. Ang bahà kusug mupaíban (muíban) sa yútà, A strong flood will carry away the earth. (→) n deduction, amount taken away. Way iban ákung swildu, There have been no deductions from my salary. -in-an(→) n having had s.t. taken away from it.

ibang n slit in the cover of the pressure lantern (pitrumaks) into which the screw which holds it is inserted.

ibanghilista n {1} evangelist.

ibanghilyu n {1} Gospels of the Bible. {2} part of a church service where the gospel is read. v [A1] read the gospel.

ibapuráda n evaporated milk.

ibat a = libat.

íbay n {1} woman (slang). {2} lesbian (slang).

íbì = tíbì.

ibid n k.o. large agamid lizard with a crest on the back and tail, reaching 3½′ in length.

ibid-íbid v [A; c] sidle up to s.o. sweetly to get s.t. n action of sidling up to s.o. maibid-ibírun a flirting, sidling up to get s.t.

ibidinsiya n evidence, proof of a crime. v [A12; b(1)] obtain evidence of guilt. Naibidinsiyahan siya kay didtu man siya, He was proven guilty because he was there.

ibíngan n a k.o. short, crested, poisonous snake that makes a crowning noise.

ibinrud n outboard motor boat (so called from the brand name).

ibis_1 n {1} k.o. small bony fish found close to shores: Ambassis spp. {2} small fry, one of little importance.

ibis_2 v [A; b5] slice or cut off a small portion from s.t. Kinsay nag-ibis sa ákung mangga? Who sliced a piece off my mango?

íbit v [A; b(1)] get a share of s.t. s.o. has (usually used in negative sentences). Ayawg tagúa nang ímung gikaun kay dì ku muíbit ánà, Don’t hide the food you’re eating because I won’t take any of it from you.

ibud v [A; b6(1)] {1} put grain before fowl to feed them. {2} feed grains into a stone mill. {3} put grains into a hole in the ground to plant them. n grains, feed for fowls.

íbug a attracted. Íbug ku sa íyang sinínà, I am very much attracted to her dress. v [B12; b3(1)] {1} be attracted. Naíbug aku sa ímung sapátus, I am attracted to your shoes. Gikaibgan (naibgan) ku ang íyang kagwápu, I was attracted to his handsomeness. {2} [a] = paíbug. ibug-ibug v [A2; b(1)] tempt. Nag-ibug-ibug ka lang nákù niánang manggang hilaw, You’re tempting me with those green mangoes. pa-(→), pa- v [A] {1} entice s.o. to do s.t. by showing him s.t. Paibgi (paibúgi) nà siyag liníkit, Entice him with a roll of bills. {2} [A; a] cause s.o. to want s.t. Paibgun ka lang. Dì ka tagáan, I’ll just entice you. I won’t give you any. paN- v [A2; b(1)] for pregnant women to have an intense liking for s.t. Naliwat sa munyíka ang ílang anak kay mau may gipangibúgan sa íyang asáwa, Their baby looked like a doll because the wife had developed a strong fondness for it during her pregnancy. ka- n attraction to s.t. kailibgan = maka-r-, 2. kailibgun n thing that arouses desire. Daghang kailibgun sa Magalyánis, There are lots of things to arouse your desire downtown. ma-un, maibgánun, mailibgun a attracted to. Maibúgun (maibgánun, mailibgun) kaáyu siya sa mga malahálung aláhas, She is strongly attracted to expensive jewelry. maka-r- a {1} capable of causing attraction. Ang íyang kaanyag makaiíbug, She has a magnetic beauty. {2} capable of causing envy.

ibul = kibul.

íbus_1 n winged insect shaped like an ant.

íbus_2 v [A13; a1] cook food wrapped in coconut leaves in long sticks. n food so cooked, most frequently a tidbit consisting of sticks of sticky rice with coconut and sugar.

ibut v {1} [A; a] pull out s.t. rooted, stuck into s.t. Nag-ibut siya sa íyang búngut, He is pulling out his whiskers. Giibut níya ang lansang, He pulled the nail out. {2} [C] for copulating things to get apart. Ang duha ka irù nag-íbut, The two dogs are stuck after copulating. {3} [b6] draw a weapon on one. Giibtan ku níyag pusil, He drew a gun on me. a pulled out. -in- n rice seedlings.

ibyuk n sugar palm, a k.o. palm resembling the coconut, the frond fibers and midribs of which are made into brooms. Toddy and vinegar are also obtained from it: Arenga pinnata.

ibyus a tapering at the top like a cone or funnel. Ibyus ug tudlù, Having long tapering fingers. v [B1; a12] be tapering. Mag-ibyus ang dáhun sa ságing basta dílì pa mabukhad, The young leaves of the banana are narrow at the top before they spread out into a leaf.

ída see bwilta.

idad n age. Pilay ímung idad karun? How old are you now? mayur di- of legal age. minur di- under legal age. may — be quite old. May idad na ang ákung inahan, My mother is quite old now. — nga makalilínga adolescence, so-called because it is the age in which the child is confused as to whether he is an adult or a child. idad-idaran a middle-aged. Idad-idaran na ku kay kwarinta na, I am middle-aged now because I am forty. v {1} [B] be [so-and-so] old. Sa nag-idad kug syíti anyus, When I was seven years old. {2} [BN] become, be made aged. Ang íyang nawung miidad kaáyu tungud sa nahitabù, Her face aged terribly because of what happened. {2a} keep a borrowed thing too long (have them grow old on one). Iúlì na nang ímung hinuwaman, nangidad na lang nà dihà, Return it to the person you borrowed it from. You’ve had it too long. {3} [A13; b8] be [so-and-so] long, last. Nag-idad na run ug pitu ka túig sukad sa ámung panagbúlag, It has been seven years since we separated. Wà pa gánì maidari ug tulu ka búwan ang íyang panirbisiyu, His service did not even last for three months. paN-, pangidarun n = idad n, v1. idaran, maidaran a old. Idaran (maidaran) na ang íyang napangasáwa apan sapían, The woman he married is old but well-to-do.

idag v [A2; b(1)] dodge to avoid being hit by s.t. moving swiftly. Idagi ang íyang tuu, Keep out of the way of his right hand.

idang n {1} title for a girl (dialectical). {2} bawdy house so called from a woman called Idang, who ran a notorious bawdy house before the war.

idar-idar v [B1245] be hard-pressed to keep up with lots of work. Nagkaidar-idar siyag sirbi sa mga bisita, She’s going crazy trying to serve all the visitors.

idibul n cooking oil. — úwil = idibul.

id-id v [A; c] rub oneself on s.t. Iid-id ang ímung bukubuku sa sandigánan, Rub your back against the chair.

idintipikasiyun n identification card.

idipisyu n building.

idisyun n edition.

iditing n editing.

iditur n editor. v [B6] become an editor.

idituryal n editorial. v [C] write an editorial.

idíya n idea. v [A12] get an idea. Ang mga istudiyanti nakaidíya pagkinaugalingun, Students had the idea of cooking their own meals. {2} [a12] plan. Idiyáhun ta ni ug maáyu arun ta makaganansiya, Let’s plan it well so that we can make a profit.

idiyuluhíya n ideology.

idlas a {1} shy, wary of being approached. {2} elusive, hard to catch. v [B] {1} become wary. Nangidlas ang mga manuk sa ímung tinuntu, The chickens have lost their tameness because of your foolishness. {2} become elusive. Miidlas si Husipína human mangútang, Josephine became hard to find after she borrowed money. Ang kadaúgan mau rag miidlas kaníya, Victory seemed to elude him.

idlut (from dulut) a {1} piercing, having a sharp point. Idlut nga tunuk ang gipakurúna ni Hisus, Jesus was crowned with sharp thorns. {2} biting, hurtful. Gipadungug kug mga púlung nga maidlut, They upbraided me with biting words. v [a] be, become piercing. pina- a make sharp, painful. Pinaidlut nga kusì, A painful pinch.

idru n airplane. — nga báyut light plane. v [A13; ac] go, bring by airplane. idruidru n children’s game of hopscotch played with lines drawn in the shape of an airplane.

idruhína n hydrogen. v [c] fill with hydrogen.

idruplánu = idru.

ids n edge ball, the situation in which the pingpong ball hits the edge of the table, flying off at an angle. v [B1256] be an edge ball.

idukar v [AP; a] {1} educate. Idukahun sa gubyirnu ang mga wáy alámag, The government will educate the illiterates. {2} cause s.o. to become sophisticated. Ang mga parti muidukar (mupaidukar) nímu, Parties can make you sophisticated. idukáda = idukádu (female). idukádu a {1} educated, sophisticated. Idukádu siya kay swítu sa bag-ung urug, She is sophisticated, because she is right up to date. {2} educated, well-mannered. Idukádu siya kay mangáyug katahúran, He is educated because he greets you. v [B12] become educated. idukadur n educator. v [B16; a] be an educator. idukasyun n education.

idukasya n k.o. ornamental arum: Anthurium crystallinum.

idulu n idol. v [A3; a12] idolize. Daghan ang miidulu ni Núbu Búnu, Many people idolize Novo Bono.

idung = dúdung.

idyaidya (from íya—humorous.) Short for idyaidya ahùáhù, so called from the Bohol pronunciation of íya ‘his’ and ákù ‘mine’. a paying close attention to what belongs to one and making sure that no one else gets benefit from it. Ang ákung bag-ung bayaw idyaidya kaáyug batásan, My new sister-in-law watches what belongs to her very closely. v [A; b(1)] put great importance to one’s own things and make sure no one else gets benefit from them. Dì mi makaidyaidya sa amù kay kumunal ang tanang butang gawas sa tutbras, We don’t pay attention to who owns what in our family because we own everything in common except our toothbrushes. — ahùáhù {1} what’s his is his and what’s mine is mine, i.e. = idyaidya.

idyap a {1} brisk and lively in motion. {2} trim and smart in dressing. v {1} [B1; c1] for one’s gait to be brisk and lively. Muidyap ang linaktan basta maghayhil, If you wear high heels you have to walk smart and briskly. {2} [B1456] be trim and smart in dressing. Mag-idyap giyud ang mga asáwa arun dílì hibyaan sa mga bána, Wives should keep themselves trim and smart so that their husbands won’t leave them.

idyaw = ayaw (dialectical).

idyuk = ibyuk.

idyukisyun n teacher training course.

idyus = ibyus.

ig-_1 {1} prefix, alternant of the future and subjunctive nonpotential instrumental prefix i-_1, used with some verb bases referring to mutual actions referring to the person with whom the action is done. Dúgayng wà ku siya igkítà, I haven’t met him for a long time. {1a} prefix used in Biblical language with certain roots as an alternant of i-_1 in all of its meanings. Birhin Maríya, ig-ampù mu kami, Virgin Mary, pray for us. {2} affix added to roots referring to relationship, referring the person with whom one is in that relationship. Igsúun, One’s sibling. Ig-ágaw, One’s cousin. Dílì ku siya igláin, I am related to him.

ig-_2 = inig-.

ígad v [A; ac] brush against s.t. or stroke s.t., usually said of pigs. Miígad ang bábuy sa halígi, The pig rubbed against the post. Igárun ku ang tiyan sa bábuy, I will stroke the pig’s stomach.

ig-ágaw see agaw.

igaiga, igà igà v [A; b6] for a pig to make a low grunting sound. Ang anay nga magpatútuy mag-igaiga, A sow feeding its young makes a low grunting sound.

ígang a warm air or a body. Ígang pa ang láwas sa patay, The body is still warm. n = ka-. v [B2; b6] warm. Miígang (naígang) ang kwartu pagsúd sa daghang táwu, It got warm in the room with all the people. (→) v [a4] feel warm. ka- n warmth.

igat a {1} flirtatious, lacking in feminine modesty. Igat ang íyang tinan-awan ngadtu sa gwápung láki, She gave a flirtatious look at the handsome man. {2} snobbish. Igat siya kay dílì makigsáyaw ug pubri, She is stuck up because she won’t dance with a poor person. v [BN; a] {1} be a flirt. Muigat (maigat, muígat) ang ímung nawung ug palabihan nímug mik-ap, Your face will look meretricious if you put on too much make-up. {2} act snobbish. -in- {1} in a flirtatious or snobbish manner. -un a given to immodest behavior.

igbaw n {1} at the top of s.t. Sa igbaw sa káhuy, At the top of the tree. Sa igbaw sa lamísa, On top of the table. {2} upstairs. Túa sa igbaw ang ákung kwartu, My room is upstairs. {3} uplands, mountains.

igbítir n eggbeater.

igdal v [B; c1] protrude to form a sharp outline. Nag-igdal nga gamut, A root sticking out of the ground. -un(→) a protruding.

igham v [AN; b6] clear the throat. Miigham (nangigham) siya arun pagdápit sa ákung pagtagad, He cleared his throat in order to attract my attention. n sound or action of clearing the throat.

ígi_1 v [AN; b] drive s.o. away from the place he is staying. Mangígi bísan ug kaugalíngung anak, He would drive even his own son out. Kun dílì mu makabayad sa ábang karung buwána, igíhan mu na nákù, If you don’t pay the rent this month, I will evict you. igihan a fond of driving people out.

*ígi_2 paN- v [A2; b3c5] {1} for a person to feel bad because s.o. else is shown more affection than he is, especially by being given s.t. which he did not receive. Nangígi ang manghud kay ang magúlang ray gihatágan, The younger brother is jealous because he wasn’t given any but his older brother was. {2} be jealously possessive of s.o. Nangígi ang amahan sa dihang gipangulitawhan ang íyang anak, The father grew intensely possessive because s.o. was courting his daughter. igihan a possessively jealous. Igihan ang ákung irù. Bisag kinsay mudúul nákù manuyù, My dog is intensely possessive. He gets angry if anyone comes near me.

ig-ig v [A; c1] shake grains or s.t. similar back and forth to separate the fine and the coarse particles or separate impurities. Ig-íga (iig-ig) ring ákung linubuk, Shake out this pounded grain for me.

igíik v [B235; c] creak, squeak, squeal. Miigíik ang sira kay tayaun, The door creaked because it was rusty. Nag-igiik ang bábuy, The pig is squealing. n high-pitched creaking, squeaking, or squealing sound.

ígik v [A2S; b3] for pigs to squeal. Miígik ang bábuy kay wà hilawgi, The pig squealed because no one had fed it yet. n squealing of a pig.

igip v [A3; a12] take pains to get s.t. not worth going after. Dúgay silang manira kay nag-igip sa pila ka sintábus nga hálin, They close up shop late because they don’t want to miss out on the few pennies they can make by staying open late.

ígit v {1} [A13S; a4c] have a watery diarrhea. Nakaigit ku, ábi kug utut lang tu, I thought I was just going to break wind, but I actually had a watery bowel movement. Giígit (nag-ígit) ku kay wà kahilísi, I have diarrhea because I have indigestion. {2} [A123S] do s.t. physical with difficulty. Makaigit man lang ta sa kabug-at niíni, We’re going to have a rough time (literally, defecate water) lifting this thing. (→) n {1} soft feces. {2} stick-in-the-mud. Igit kaáyu nà siya uy. Dì mukúyug nákù sa parti, She is a stick-in-the-mud. She won’t go to the party with me. {3} — ra insignificant, nothing as compared with. Igit ra ka níyang mutayip, You’re nothing (lit. watery feces) compared to her when it comes to typing. {3a} expression of derision or contempt. Ábi níyag mahaylu ku sa íyang awtu. Igit! He thought I would be lured by his car. Shoot! Igít, wà na pud kaigù, You’re full of it! You missed again. kaigit-igit v [A13] have extreme difficulty with s.t. Nagkaigit-igit mi adtung iksamína, We had a hell of a time with that exam.

igka- {1} = inigka-. {2} alternant of the future and subjunctive inflectional affix ika-, added to the same verbs to which ig-_1 is added (meaning 1). Wà ku siya igkakítà, I didn’t happen to meet him.

igkam = igtam.

igking v [B236; b3] jerk with a start, be taken aback. Miigking (naigking) siya sa dihang nahikapan ang íya samput, She was startled when s.o. touched her buttocks.

ig-l- affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the instrumental passive verb affix (i-_1). {1} thing to be conveyed, brought, etc. Mau kini ang mga saput nga ighalatag sa mga pubri, These are the clothes to be given to the poor people. {1a} thing to be asked, said, etc. Dúna tà kuy igpalangutana, apan natubag na man, I had some questions to ask, but you answered them already. {2} thing to be used for. Sinínang igtalarabahu, Working dress. Igbalátil sa itlug, Eggbeater. {3} time to do s.t. Taknang igpalahúlay, The siesta hour. {3a} being good, bad, hot, etc. to [do]. Ig-aladtu giyud ning ákung ginháwa, I felt very much like going.

iglisya n {1a} Christian Church as a whole. Sa katapúsan mubarug nga madaúgun ang Iglisya, In the end, the Church will stand triumphant. {1b} local church or congregation. Mga pruyiktu sa átung iglisya, Our church’s projects. {2} a member of the Iglisya ni Kristu, a religious sect. — ni Kristu n a religious sect or member thereof. v [b16] become a member of the Iglesia ni Cristo. — Pilipína n the Philippine Independent Church (Aglipayans), or a member thereof.

igmat a alert: being able to move rapidly, readily noticing things. Way musipyat sa igmat níyang mata, Nothing can escape his alert eyes. Igmat siyang milihay, He ducked cleverly. v [B; c1] {1} be rapid in one’s motions, alert with the eyes. {2} be alert to what is happening. Igmáta ang inyung mga mata sa mapait nga katinuúran, Open your eyes to grim reality. {3} [b2] be outsmarted. Naigmatan ku sa múrus, I was defrauded by the Muslim peddler. paN- v [A2; c] defraud. Ubang matansíru kusug mangigmat sa timbangan, Some butchers cheat on the weight. n defrauding.

ignu v [A; b] take good care of s.t. to save it from damage or dirt. Dì siya mag-ignu sa íyang sinínà kay dì man siyay manglaba, He does not try to keep his clothes clean because he doesn’t do the washing. Ug dì nímu ignúhan ang ímung láwas, maamin ka giyud, If you don’t take care of yourself, you’ll end up in the grave.

ignúdul n egg noodles. v [A] cook egg noodles.

ignurámus = ignuranti, a 1.

ignuranti a {1} ignorant, uneducated. Ignuranti siya. Way kabangkaágan, She is completely uneducated. She has no education. {2} ignorant of, unfamiliar with. Ignuranti ku sa mga dálan dinhi, I am unfamiliar with the streets here. v {1} [B12; b6] be ignorant. {2} [a12] put s.t. over on one. Ignurantíhun man ku nímu nga nakabasa man ku niánà, Don’t fool me. I read that myself. paka- v [A12; a12] treat as, consider ignorant.

ignuy a euphemism for ignuranti.

igput v [B23; b3] be severely startled, jump back with surprise. Miigput (naigput) ku sa dihang may mibutu sa ákung luyu, I was startled at the explosion in back of me. igput-igput v [A3; c1] hop up and down. Nag-igput-igput ang mga bátà nga naglumbà sa sáku, The children were hopping up and down in the sack race.

ig-r- = ig-l-.

igsaktu = iksaktu.

igsirsáyis = iksirsáyis.

igsù n {1} children of one’s godparents (sponsors at wedding or baptism). Ákù siyang igsù kay nínung nákù ang íya amahan, He is my god-brother because his father is my godfather. {2} term of address for one’s god-brother or sister. {2a} term of address commonly used between Muslim traders and Christians. v [B126; c] be, become god-brothers or sisters.

igsúun see súun.

igtam v [B] be wary after having experienced s.t. bad. Kun mamatyan ang ilagà dihà, muigtam sila pag-anhà, If any mouse gets killed in that place, the others will be wary of going there.

ígù a {1} enough, big enough. Ígù ba ang sapátus nímu? Are the shoes big enough for you? Ígù na ning kwarta nákù, This money is just the right amount for me. — na man more than enough. Ígù na man ang ímung pamalíbad, You’ve refused too often. {2} — [dat.] serves [dat.] right. Ígù kanímu ang nahitabù kay balasúbas man ka, What happened serves you right because you are a wicked man. {3} — ra, lang can do more than. Ang mga dinaugdáug nga kabus ígù lang manghupaw (sa pagpanghupaw), All the poor folks who are abused can do is sigh. {4} — nga just in time. Ígù giyung natápus ang lubung pag-abut níya, He arrived just as the funeral was about to end. v {1} [B2P; c1P] be, become sufficient, be big enough. Muígù (mupaígù) kahà ning pagkáun nga daghan ra bag bisíta? Will this food be enough since we have so many visitors? Iígù (igúa) ug tahì ang sinínà kaníya, Sew the shirt big enough for him. {2} [B] fit into s.t. Dílì tang tanan muígù (maígù) sa dyip, We won’t all fit into the jeep. {3} [c1] make s.t. come at the right moment. Igúa (iígù) giyud ang pagguwà sa lamì nga magkadúngan giyud mu, Time your orgasm so you both come at the same time. {4} [A13C; b3(1)] decide on s.t. Ikaw lay mag-ígù ug muadtu ta, You decide if we go. {4a} [C3; c3] agree in ideas or tastes. Nagkaígù sila dáyun, They hit it off instantly. (→) a {1} for a mark to be hit, be just the right thing. Igù ba ang buls-ay? Did he hit the bull’s-eye? Igù ba ang tambal? Did the medicine hit the nail on the head? {2} be drunk. Igù ku gabíi, I was drunk last night. v {1} [A; ab2] hit a mark. Wà makaigù ang tambal nga girisíta sa duktur, The medicine the doctor prescribed was not the right one. Hiig-an ang íyang nawung sa síga sa ispat, The rays of my flashlight hit his face. {1a} make a point in a game where one aims at s.t. Nakaigù na si Pidrug daghan, Pedro has already made many points. {1b} [a1c] aim s.t. in a certain direction of. Giigù ni Magalyánis ang kasadpan, Magellan aimed in a westward direction. Iigù ang sakayan sa nurti, Head the boat northwards. {1c} [A2; a2b4(1)] win a prize in a lottery or the like. Miigù ang íya tíkit sa rípa, His ticket won a prize in the raffle. Nakaigù siya sa karíra, He won at the races. {1d} [A2; a2b4(1)] for a business venture to turn out very successful. Unsay ímung naig-an nga daghan kag kwarta? What did you make a killing in, since you have so much money? {1e} [A3N; a2b2] allude unpleasantly. Aku ang giigù sa insultu, I was the one alluded to by the insult. {1f} [AN2; bc] swindle (slang). Anak ra níya ang miigù kaníya, It was her own son that swindled her. {1g} [a3b2] have lost one’s virginity. Ngánung gipangasáwa man níya nang bayhána nga naigù na man nà? Why did he marry that girl when she is no longer a virgin (lit. has been hit)? {2} [B12] get drunk. Naigù tingáli nà sa tubà, I’ll bet that man is drunk from the palm toddy. n {1} good shot that hit the mark, points in a game. {2} part of the body which was hit. Midugù ang igù sa baksir, The boxer bled in the place he was hit. pa- {1} = ígù, a1, v1, 2. v {3} [A12] make s.t. last. Díay singku písus. Paigúa ni sa átung kumpra, Here’s five pesos. Make it do for the shopping. pahi-/paha- v [A1; c1] make s.t. coincide in time with some other time. Pahaigúa (ipahaígù) ang paglútù nga alas dúsi andam na ang tanan, Time your cooking so that everything will be ready at twelve. hiN- a crack shot. ka-an n {1} sufficiency. Dipindi sa kaigúan sa ibidinsiya, It depends on the sufficiency of the evidence. {2} agreement reached. Tumánun giyud ang kaigúan, The agreement should be carried out. panígù n the piece used in certain games to hit other pieces, e.g., a marble in shooting marbles. v [A; c1] use s.t. as a panígù.

Igurut n Igorot, name given to the natives of the Mountain Province, Luzon. †

ígut_1 v [A; c1] creak. Miígut ang kawáyang sawug pagsulud sa kawatan, The bamboo floor creaked when the thief entered. Kasab-an ka sa maistra ug ímu nà iígut (igútun) ang bangkù, Your teacher will scold you if you let your chair creak. pa- v [A; c] reveal s.t. slowly, little at a time, to create suspense. Gipaígut níya ang íyang baráha, He looked at his hand slowly (lit. let the cards creak). Ayaw siya tug-ánig diritsu. Ipaígut úsà ang sikrítu, Don’t tell her right off. Let out the secret a bit at a time.

ígut_2 v [A; b] scrape s.t. by rubbing a knife which has been fixed into s.t. immovable up and down against it. Igúti ang kasing. Lisud sapsápan kay lisud kaptan, Chip off the top with a fixed knife. It’s hard to whittle because you can’t hold it easily.

igut-igut n the area on the inside of the cheeks of the rump.

igwad a having protruding buttocks. Igwad siyag lubut, She has a big ass. v [BN] have prominent buttocks, stick out the buttocks. Naigù ang ákung itlug, nangigwad man gud nang tawhána, The man hit me in the testicles with his rump. igwad-igwad v [A; c1] move in a wavy, rolling motion with the rump going up and down, wiggle the buttocks. Ang íyang sakayan nag-igwad-igwad nga naglutaw sa dagkung balud, His boat tossed up and down riding on the huge waves. Nindut kaáyu siyang tan-áwun nga nag-igwad-igwad samtang nagsáyaw, She is beautiful to watch, wiggling her buttocks as she dances. -in- n action of wiggling the buttocks.

igwális a {1} equal in score. Igwális tag puntus, We tied. {2} giving exactly the same result. Tintà ug úling igwális ang buling, Whether it is ink or charcoal, it’s all the same—dirty. v {1} [B; a12] for a score to become tied. {2} [A12] manage to tie s.o. Kun makaigwális lang kita karun dì ta malayug biyà, If we manage to make it a tie, we won’t be so far behind.

igwit a coquette, flirt. v [AN] flirt around. Nangigwit man, dì gipaburusan, She was a flirt, so she got herself pregnant. -ira = igwit, a.

íha term of address for one’s daughter, or anyone young enough to be his daughter. — dibastarda = íhu dibastardu (female).

iháda = ihádu (female).

ihádu n godson in baptism or confirmation. v [B126; a12] be, become one’s godson.

ihálas a {1} of the jungle. Bábuyng ihálas, Wild pigs. Palíyang ihálas, Wild ampalaya. {2} ignorant. Ihálas pa man siya sa syudad, She is ignorant of the city. She doesn’t know the city well yet. v {1} [B2] become wild, ignorant. {2} [A; a12] take for an ignorant person. Wà giyuy muihálas nímu dinhi sa syudad ug ispúting ka pirmi, Nobody will take you for an ignorant person in the city if you always dress up. Ihása ku, tits, (Don’t) take me for a fool, buddy. -un a of the wild, ignorant type.

ihap v [AC; a] count. Makaihap siya hangtud sa usa ka gatus, He can count to a hundred. Nag-íhap ang duha ka sugarul sa daug nga ílang gibakásan kay nakig-íhap man ang usa, The two gamblers are counting the winnings of the money they had put in together because one insisted on counting it. Ipha (ihapa) kun hustu ba ang gidaghanun, Count it to see if it is enough. Maihap ang ímung mga adlaw, bastus, Your days are numbered, you s.o.b. — sa lákang walk slowly. Mipaúlì siyang nag-ihap sa lákang, He went home slowly. — sa tudlù be few in number. n {1} count, action of counting. Nagkalahì ang ámung ihap, His count came out different from mine. {2} things counted in preparing s.t. for a number of people. Mikaun ang bisíta bísag way lábut sa ihap, The visitor ate with them even if he hadn’t been counted for when they were preparing. (←) intense counting, canvassing. Inigkahuman sa iliksiyun sugdan dáyun ang íhap, Right after the voting the canvassing of ballots will take place. †

ihás = ihálas.

íhaw_1 v [A3S; a] {1} slaughter an animal for food. Iháwa ang manuk karun, Slaughter the chicken now. {2} murder a person with a knife. Ayawg súkul ánang tigas, nakaíhaw (nakaihaw) na bayà nag táwu, Don’t pick a fight with that thug. He has already killed a man. {3} beat badly. Giíhaw mi sa ílang tím, We were slaughtered by their team. {3} abuse a woman sexually. Dad-un nátù siya sa util ug adtu nátù siya iháwa, Let’s take her to a hotel and abuse her there. -anan n {1} slaughterhouse. {2} house that women are taken to for sexual intercourse. maN-r-(→) n butcher. paN- n butchering animals as an occupation.

íhaw_2 v [A; a] broil. Mag-íhaw tag bangus, We will broil some milkfish. -in- n broiled food.

iháyup (from háyup) v [AB12; a12] tame. Ang kawbuy nag-iháyup ug kabáyung ihás, The cowboy is breaking in a wild horse.

ihi {1} expression of surprise: so, is that so! Ihi, náa ka diay dihà, So, there you are. Ihi, aku diay sugúun, Is that so! You’re going to give me orders, are you? {2} expression of warning. Ihi, paghinayhínay, Watch out, better go slow.

íhi n axle, rod which holds a wheel which turns. Íhi sa rilu, Crown stem of a watch. Íhi sa manubíla, Steering column, the part holding the steering wheel.

íhì n urine. — ug irù k.o. toadstool, dirty white in color, about 2½″ tall with a flat top about 2″ in diameter. v [A3S; c] {1} urinate. Nakaihì ang bátà sa karsúnis, The child wet his pants. {2} [A123P; a4] have too frequent urination. Giíhì mi pagininum ug sirbísa, We kept having to urinate because we drank so much beer. paN- v [A13] urinate. Adtu ta sa gawas mangíhì, Let’s go outside to urinate. ihìihì v [A13] {1} urinate too often. {2} for a woman to get all wet from heavy petting (slang, euphemism). Nag-ihìihì ang ákung uyab dihang ákung gikulkug, My girl got wet because I got my finger into her. ka-un(→), kahid-un a feel like urinating. pala-(→) a urinating frequently. †

ihid_1 n {1} the smallest in a litter. Ang ihid nga baktin giumbáwan sa íyang mga igsúun, The runt in the litter was much smaller than his brothers and sisters. {2} youngest or smallest in a group. Sa mga bátà sa kasilingánan si Dyániy ihid, Johnny is the smallest kid in the neighborhood. v [B1] be small for one’s age, stunted in growth.

ihid_2 v [A; bc] go or bring s.t. away unnoticed. Giihiran námù ang míting, We sneaked away from the meeting. Iihid ning úlu sa inasal ngadtu sa gawas, Bring this head of the roasted pig stealthily outside.

ihikutíbu n executive.

ihim the sound of clearing the throat {1} exclamation calling attention. Arun mulíngì ang babáyi, ang laláki muingun ‘ihim!’ The man says ‘ehem’ to make the woman turn to look at him. {2} exclamation expressing satisfaction after eating. n sweetheart (humorous). Gimingaw ka sa ímung ihim, nu? You miss your sweetheart, don’t you?

ihimplu n {1} example, model. {2} a part of the novena which is optionally read after the supplicatory prayers just before the gúsus and gives a proof of the power of the saint. v [A; c] give, make an example. Ihimplúhan ta ka, I will give you an example. pur — for example.

Ihiptu n Egypt.

ihirsisyu_1 n exercise, training. v [A; c1] {1} exercise. Iihirsisyu (ihirsisyúun) sa pulyuhun ang íyang tiil, The polio victim exercises his feet. {2} [A; a] practice, train. Nag-ihirsisyu sila unsáun paglanguy, They are practicing swimming. Ihirsisyúha pag-áyu ang ímung parti, Learn your part well.

ihirsisyu_2 n spiritual retreat. v [A] hold a spiritual retreat. paN- v [A2] attend a spiritual retreat.

ihirsitu n one’s own children. Nag-alinupung ang ákung mga ihirsitu, My children come one next to the other. -s = ihirsitu (plural).

íhu_1 term of address for son or s.o. whom one considers his son. — dibastardu illegitimate child. — dipúta mother-fucker, a vulgar appellation for a person at whom one is very angry. Gisúnug sa íhu dipúta ang ákung karsúnis, The mother-fucker burnt my pants.

íhu_2 n shark.

ihud-ihud v [B56] for children or young animals to differ in height by small intervals, be like stairs when lined up. Mag-ihud-ihud giyud ang inyung mga anak ug dílì mu magbirt kuntrul, Your children will be like steps lined up if you don’t practice birth control.

íhuy (from íhu) n Mr. Shark (personalized appellation in stories). Paláwum arun kan-un kang Mánuy Íhuy, Go to the deep so Mr. Shark can eat you.

ii {1} particle showing disbelief. Ii! Tinúud kahà run, Aha! Can that be right? {2} = i_2, 1.

ì ì n child’s word for urine. v [A; b(1)] urinate. Gustu kang muì ì? You want to make wee-wee?

iítu = ítu.

ík v {1} [A2] get what one wants to say out. Ug dì ka muík dílì ka makabungat sa ímung túyù, If you don’t get it out, you can’t let her know why you came here. {2} [A12] dílì, walà — not stand a chance in a game. Sa baskit bul ang mugbù dì giyud makaík kun kuntráhag dagkù, In basketball, short players don’t stand a chance against tall players.

ika- {1} inflectional affix, the potential future and subjunctive of the instrumental passive. See i-_1. {2} affix forming ordinal numbers. The ordinal is linked to a noun with which it is in construction by nga or, alternatively, but less frequently, with ka. Ikaduha nga (ka) táwu, The second man. Ikapila man ni ninyung (ninyu ka) anak? This makes how many children for you?

íkag v {1} [B12; c] become concerned, worried. Makaíkag ang ímung kahimtang, Your situation worries me. {2} [B12; ac] inspire interest in s.t. Kinsay nag-íkag nímug tuug sista, Who interested you in learning how to play the guitar? Wà ku maíkag sa madiyung, I have no interest in mahjong. {3} [B1256; b8] like s.t. with the thought of possessing it or becoming like it. Naíkag siyang Kulas, She has a crush on Kolas. Naíkag siya sa ákung bisiklíta, He liked my bicycle. ma-un a enthusiastic, filled with interest.

íkat v [A13B; a12] for the threads of cloth to be displaced when one of the threads is pulled, cause cloth to get such a defect. Ug muíkat (maíkat) nang panaptun, dì na maáyung sinináun, If the cloth has a defect, it is no good to use for a dress. Kinsa may nag-íkat sa ákung panaptun? Who pulled the threads in this cloth?

ikaw you (singular). Ikaw ang ákung túyù, You are the one I want to see. — karun, kini, bayà oh you! (You’re so foolish, terrible, bad). Ikaw giyud kini. Dalì ra giyung maílad, Oh you! It’s so easy to cheat you! — lang {1} you be the one. Ikaw lay báyad, You pay. {2} it’s up to you. Ug gustu kang mubáyad, ikaw lang, If you want to pay, it’s up to you. {2a} it’s up to you, don’t say I didn’t warn you. Ug hilabtan nà nímu ikaw lang, If you touch that don’t say I didn’t warn you. — ra = lang, 2, 2a. ka short for ikaw used in constructions requiring the nom. except the predicate. Kumusta ka? How are you? Mau ka ba giyud? Is that the way you are? nímu {1} gen. form. Si Máma nímu túa sa simbahan, Your mother is in the church. ábi — {1} you know. Ábi nímu, si Saning maáyung muáwit, You know, Saning sings beautifully. {2} ábi — ug so you presumed. Ábi nímu búang ku, Do you think I’m an idiot? {2} short for kanímu. mu short for nímu. kanímu dat. form. Álang ni kanímu, This is for you. Way nakagustu kanímu, Nobody likes you. Ay, purbída kanímu, Oh my! Ay, kanímu Tasyǔ! Mag-unsa ka man lang ug wà na ku! Oh my, Tasio! What will you do when I’m gone! ímu {1} preposed gen. Ang ímung kabáyù, Your horse. Ímu bang ihátag? Are you giving it away? {2} yours, the one belonging to you. Ákù ni, ímu nà, This belongs to me. That one is yours. Unsa may — kang [so-and-so], What do you have against [so-and-so]? — na you may have [subject]. Ímu na ni, You may have this one. pag-[verb] ug — do [verb] by oneself. Pagkaun lag ímu, ayaw kug tawagtawága ug panihápun, Just eat by yourself. Don’t call me to supper. [noun] pay — My what a [noun]! Bat-ang pay ímu nga makalíbat, Her hips can make you cross-eyed. (Lit. If you want the hips, too (to see), they’ll make you cross-eyed.) v [a12] be, become yours. Maímu ni ug magbinuutan ka, This will be yours if you behave. Imúhun lang diay nang tanang kindi? So you want to have all the candy to yourself? imúha = ímu. imuímu all by yourself, yours alone. — lang of your own creation. Imuímu man lang ning minugnà, You just made this up. Imuímu nang ímung gidangátan. Wà kay kapasanginlan, What happened to you is your own doing. You have no one to blame but yourself. v [A; a12] do s.t. all by yourself. Muimuímu ka man lag káun dihà nga walay pulupanampit, You eat all by yourself without inviting anyone to join you. tikaw, tika, ta ka, ka nákù, ku ikaw I did [verb] to you, you are my [noun]. Amígu ta ka (tikaw, tika, ka nákù, ku ikaw), You are my friend. Patyun ta ka (tikaw, etc.), I will kill you.

ikgam = igtam.

ikging = igking.

ikibáli n equivalent. Ang tulu ka tiil ikibáli ug usa ka yarda, Three feet is equivalent to one yard.

ikid v {1} [A; a12] jump over s.t. or up in the air. Ikdun (ikirun) ku ang kural, I’ll jump over the fence. {2} [A; c1] stand on one’s tiptoes to reach s.t. Mutúpung ka nákù ug iikid (ikirun) mu ang ímung tiil, You will be as tall as I am if you stand on your tiptoes. {3} [A; ac] run fast, gallop. Miikid siya pagkakità sa latigu nga gibitbit sa inahan, She ran away fast when she saw the whip in her mother’s hand. Ikda si Papa nímu, Run after your father. Iikid ni sa íla, Run bring this to their house. ikid-ikid v [A; c1] walk a distance in a hurried pace.

ikid-íkid_1 n name of a children’s game in which they see who can jump farthest.

ikid-íkid_2 v [APB3(1)6; c1] for the hips to sway from side to side in walking. Nagpaibug giyug maáyu nang babayhána nga nag-ikid-íkid (nagpaikid-íkid) sa íyang samput, That woman is swinging her hips to attract their attention. Muikid-íkid ang íyang samput iglakaw niya, Her hips sway when she walks.

ik-ik_1 v [B; c1] for the upper lip to be drawn up. Giik-ik sa irù ang íyang ngábil ug mingúb, The dog exposed his fangs and snarled.

ik-ik_2 v [A] squeak like a mouse. Munyíka nga muik-ik, A doll that squeaks. n squeak of mice. Ik-ik sa ílagà, The squeaking of the mouse.

ik-ik_3 n the isti piece of mahjong.

ikipáhi n luggage.

ikípu n equipment, tools.

íkis n letter X. a zigzagging, winding. Ang dálan paingun sa Bagyu íkis, The road leading to Baguio is winding. v [B; c1] be, become, make zigzag. Dì ka ig-un sa pusil ug ikísun (iíkis) nímu ang ímung dinaganan, You won’t be hit if you run zigzag.

íkit a close together, usually people. v [A2C1; ac] be close to each other. Nag-íkit silag katúlug, They slept close to each other. Ayaw siya ikta (iíkit) ug bayli, Don’t dance close to her. Ikítun nátù ug butang ang mga síya, Let’s put the chairs close together. ikit-íkit v [A; ab6] stay around close to s.o. else. Dúna gánì pangayúun muikit-íkit (mag-ikit-íkit) dáyun nátù, If there is s.t. he wants to ask for, he will hang around you all the time.

iklas n first grader. Kadakù na nímu unyà iklas pa gihápun ka? How big you are, yet you are still in the first grade! v [B56; b6] be a first grader.

iklipsi = iskalipsi.

iklisyastiku a ecclesiastical.

ikmat = igmat.

iknat v [B; c1] {1} raise the eyebrows. Miiknat (naiknat) ang kílay sa táwu tungud sa túmang kahibū́ng, The man raised his eyebrows in bewilderment. {2} = ínat. {3} [BN; c1] stitch wrinkles into a piece of cloth. Ayawg iknáta (iiknat) pagtahì ang panaptun, Don’t stitch the cloth in such a way that it becomes wrinkled. a stitched with wrinkles.

iks n {1} one’s ex-boy friend or girl friend. Wà na tagda si Níta sa íya iks, Nita’s ex- (boy friend) no longer cares for her. {2} ex-, former. Iks kambik (kanbik, kumbik), Ex-convict. Iks prisidinti, Ex-president. Iks suldyir, Veteran, esp. of the old American soldiers who settled in the Philippines in the early 1900’s.

iksahiráda = iksahirádu (female).

iksahirádu a {1} over-demanding of oneself or others. Iksahirádu siyang nagpatiwas sa íyang báy, He demanded too much from the people who were finishing up work on his house. {2} doing s.t. to too great an extent. Iksahirádu siya sa íyang pamisti, He overdresses. Iksahirádu siya nga mugámit sa mantíkà, He uses much too much cooking oil. v [B; c1] overdo s.t.

iksaktu a {1} correct. Pulus iksaktu ang tubag níya, His answers were all correct. {2} be the right size, amount. Iksaktu giyud nákù ning sapátus, These shoes are just right for me. Iksaktu giyud ang pagkalútù sa isdà, The fish was cooked just the right amount of time. {3} just at [such-and-such a time]. Iksaktung alas utsu ang súgud sa prugráma, The program starts exactly at eight o’clock. Iksaktu na run ipaúlì, Now is just the time to go home. v [B3; c1] {1} be correct. {2} be just the right size, amount, degree. {3} be exactly on time.

iksǎm = iksámin, n, v1.

iksámin n exams in school. v [A; a] {1} give, take an exam. Kanang maistráha mauy muiksámin námù, That teacher is going to test us. Muiksámin ku ugmà, I’m going to have an exam tomorrow. {2} give a physical examination. Iksamínun sa duktur ang ímung kasingkásing, The doctor will examine your heart.

iksaminádu n {1} eligible for the civil service by having passed the exams. {2} a woman who has acquired through experience without formal training a knowledge of assisting in childbirth, and is allowed to practice her trade after having passed some practical tests. v [B156; c1] be, become a midwife of this sort. a being very familiar with s.t. Iksaminádu aku niíning dalána, I am very familiar with this street.

iksaminadur n examiner.

iksaminisyun n examination. v [A1; b6] take an examination.

iksampul n example. v [A; c1] take as an example. Miiksampul siya ni Risal nga usa sa mga bantúgang bayáni, He cited Rizal as an example of a great hero. Kastigúhun tikaw kay iksampúlun (iiksampul) tikaw, I’m going to punish you to make an example of you.

iksibisiyun n {1} exhibition. {2} display. {3} certain hand in mahjong which one gets at the first deal and which is exhibited for extra payment. v [A; c] {1} exhibit s.t. in public. {2} show off one’s skill. Mitindug siya sa mutur nag-iksibisiyun kunúhay, nabanggà lagi, He was showing off driving his motorcycle while standing on it, so he crashed.

iksíbit n exhibit. v [A; b6(1)] exhibit, show s.t. or display.

iksihir v [A; a12] {1} force or oblige one to do s.t. Iksihirun ka giyud pagpaámut, You will be forced to contribute to it. {2} [A; a2] inquire, investigate to get complete information about s.t. Dì ka mag-iksihir sa kinabúhì sa uban, Do not pry into other people’s lives. Iksihia ug unsa giyuy nahitabù, Find out what really happened. {2a} [A] be solicitous about s.o., care for. Dílì kaáyu siya muiksihir niánang mga batáa kay ábi dílì man íyang anak, She doesn’t concern herself about those children because they aren’t hers anyway. iksihídu a solicitous about s.o.’s needs and well-being. Iksihídu siyang pagkamaistra, mu rag tinúud inahan sa mga bátà, She is a solicitous teacher as if her pupils were her own children. v [B126] become solicitous about s.o.’s well-being.

iksilinti a excellent, perfectly done. Iksilinting pagkahímù íning lamisáha, This table was excellently made. v [A12; c1] get a mark of excellent in school.

iksilsiyur n excelsior, long fine wood shavings used as stuffing or as packing material.

iksíma n eczema.

iksimtid n exempted from some obligation. v [B12; c1] exempt, be exempted. Iksimtid ku sa píi, I’m exempted from Physical Ed.

iksirsáyis n {1} bodily exercise. {2} exercise in school. v [A; c1] engage in physical exercise.

iksit n exit. v [b8] exit, pass to an exit. -an n = iksit.

ikskiyus excuse me. Ikskiyus únà ha kay naghilak ang bátà, Excuse me for a moment because the baby is crying. n excuse. Nangáyù siyag ikskiyus sa maistra kay mugawas siya, He asked to be excused because he wants to go out. v [A; b6c(1)] excuse s.o. or oneself for being absent.

ikskambik see iks.

ikskursiyun n excursion. v [A3; b6(1)] go on an excursion. -ista n one who goes on an excursion.

ikspan v [B6; c1] expand the chest. Ayaw ikspána (iikspan) ímung dughan, Don’t expand your chest. -dir n expander, a chest muscle building device.

ikspidisyun n expedition. v [A1; b6] make an expedition. Mag-ikspidisyun sila ngadtu sa búlan, They will make an expedition to the moon. Wà pay nakaikspidisyun sa Mars, No one has made an expedition to Mars.

ikspild expelled from a school or organization. v [a12] get expelled. Maikspild ka unyà ug maghinúbug ka, You’ll get expelled if you get drunk all the time.

ikspirimin n experiment as a school problem.

ikspirimintu n experiment. v [A; c] conduct an experiment. Kanúnayng ikspirimintúhan ang ilagà, They always experiment on rats.

ikspirinsiya n experience, things one has lived through. v [A12] have experienced. Nakaikspirinsiya na ku sa kinabúhì sa dágat, I have experienced life on the sea. -du(←) a experienced. v [B12; b6] be experienced. Ikspirinsiyadu ku ánà, tits, Listen, buster, I know all about that.

ikspirmin = ikspirimin.

ikspirmintu = ikspirimintu.

ikspirtu a expert. Ikspirtung mangunguut, An expert pick-pocket. v [B1; b6] be an expert.

ikspiryinsádu, ikspiryinsyádu = ikspirinsiyádu. see ikspirinsiya.

iksplikar = isplikar.

iksplurasiyun n exploration for natural resources.

iksplusíbu n explosive.

ikspris n express bus, train, or the like. dawuntawun — jitneys with no fixed routes.

ikspurtadur n exporter. v [B156] be an exporter.

ikspús v [A; c6] expose films.

ikspusisiyun n exposition.

iksri n x-ray. v [A; b] x-ray. pa- v [A; c] have s.o. x-ray one.

ikstin v {1} [A2; c1] extend the time allotted for s.t. or the size. Kining salidáha ikstínun (iikstin) giyud, This movie film will surely be extended. {1a} put an extension on s.t. Ikstinan ang balay, The house will be added to. {2} [A; b(1)] extend assistance. Giikstinan kug tulu ka búlan nga salari lún, I was extended a three months’ loan on my salary.

ikstinsiyun n {1} extension of time, addition to a building. {2} branch, unit of an organization located apart from the main location of the organization. {3} extra telephone connected to the same line as the main line. {4} extra class section to accommodate an overflow enrollment. {4a} teacher assigned to such a class. v [A; b6(1)] give, add an extension, make a branch or extra telephone, add on an extra class section. Dílì kaikstinsyunan ang ímung lún, kining baláya, kining iskuylahána, inyung tilipunu, kining klasíha, We cannot extend your loan, put an extension on your house, build a branch of this school, give you a telephone extension, put in an extra section to this class.

ikstiriyur n {1} exterior portion of s.t. {2} tire.

ikstra n {1} shorts in a movie. {2} bit player in a movie. {3} one who pinch-hits for s.o. on a blue-collar job. {4} s.t. extra which isn’t being used. Wà ka bay ikstrang papil dihà? Don’t you have any extra paper there you’re not using? v {1} [c] show shorts with a movie. {2} [A; a2] be an extra in a movie. {3} [A; b6] pinch-hit for s.o. in his absence. Muikstra ku sa mga draybir nga nasakit, I pinch-hit for drivers who are sick. {3a} use s.t. belonging to s.o. while he is not using it (slang). Muikstra ku sa ímung bisiklíta ha? May I play with your bicycle? {4a} [c] add s.t. extra. Ang púlu nga ákung gidá giikstráhan ug duha sa ákung asáwa, My wife added two extra shirts to the one I took with me.†

ikstriyul, ikstriyur = ikstiriyur.

iktarya n hectare. v [B256] be a hectare. Gamay ra ang íyang yútà. Wà ra muiktarya (maiktarya), The parcel of land he owns is very small. It hardly reaches a hectare.

iktin a having an up and down bouncing gait. Iktin kaáyug linakwan ang tagabúkid, The mountaineer bounces up and down when he walks. v {1} [B; c1] bounce up and down. {2} [A; b6] jump up and away slightly. Miiktin kug kalit pagkatunub nákù sa hálas, I jumped back quickly when I stepped on a snake. -in- v [c1] done in a bouncing way.

íku_1 n echo chamber. v [B23(1)6] for a sound to echo in the echo chamber. pa- v [b5] make an echo effect in a song. Paikúhun (paikúhan) ang kanta sa kumbu, The songs of the combo are recorded with an echo.

íku_2 (short for tagái ku) let me have some. Íku bi, Let me have some, please.

ikud v [A; b5] follow immediately behind s.o. Giikud (giikuran) siya kanúnay sa kapulisan kay mu ra man siyag kawatan, The police shadowed him constantly because he seemed to be a thief. ikud-íkud v [A; b] move around in a circle in a limited space. Pwirting nakaikud-íkud sa irù nga gikatlan sa lubut, The dog with an itchy rump is turning round and in discomfort.

íkud = íkug_2.

íkug_1 n {1} tail, or analogous structure. Midágan pinabahag ang íkug, He ran off with his tail between his legs. Ang íkug sa ayruplánu, The tail of the airplane. {2} penis (humorous). {3} train of a dress (in the traditional skirt [sáya], usually tucked in the front). v [A2; a] put a tail on. Giikúgan sa bátà ang yáwà nga íyang gidrúwing, The child put a tail on the devil he was drawing. ikug-íkug sa iring n k.o. ornamental bush bearing small flowers in dense purple, hanging spikes. ikug-ikug sa iring n k.o. ornamental aerial plant consisting of long branches with fine leaves resembling a cat’s tail. paN- v [A23; c6] put, be at the rear. Nangíkug siya sa lumbà, He was last in the race. Mauy nahimámat sa mga táwu ang nangíkug nga asu, The people noticed the smoke trailing behind the plane. paN-(→) n crupper, thing to hold the saddle in place. v [b6] put a crupper on. -an a devil, devilish (lit. the tailed one). Gisákit na pud ku íning bátang ikúgan, The little devil is bothering me again.

íkug_2 v [B12; b3(1)c5] feel hesitant to approach s.o. for s.t., feel embarrassed to refuse. Maíkug ka bang mubalíbad? Are you embarrassed to refuse them? Wà ku mangasábà kay gikaikgan ku ang tigúwang sa píkas, I didn’t scold them because I was embarrassed to do so with the father right next door. Ngánung ikaíkug man nímu ang pagpatábang kanákù? Why are you embarrassed to turn to me for help? paN-(→) v [A13] be feeling embarrassed. Nagpangikug siyang misaka sa báy, He felt terribly embarrassed as he went into the house. ilikgan, ikgánun a easily feeling hesitation. ka- n feeling of shyness to ask or refuse a favor.

kailikgan n person whom one hesitates to approach or refuse. Kailikgan ku nà siya kay bugtung igsúun sa ákung Máma, I can never turn him down, for he is my mother’s only brother. ma-un(←) a characterized by hesitation. Nangáyù siya sa maikúgung tíngug, He asked me in a shy voice.

ikunumika n economy, economics.

ikunumíya a economical. Ikunumíyang gamítun ang sabun nga dúgay mahílis, A soap which doesn’t easily dissolve is economical to use. v [A13; a12] {1} economize. Mag-ikunumíya ta sa átung pagkáun, Let us be economical with our food. Ikunumiyáha paggámit ang pumáda, Use the pomade economically. {2} [A13] masturbate (slang—from the idea of saving money by not hiring a prostitute).

íkus = íkut.

íkut v [A2; b(1)] for animals that leave their stingers to sting. Ayawg samúka nang lampínig kay ikútan ka, Don’t disturb the yellowjackets because they will sting you. (→) n stinger. iniktan n place stung.

ikut-íkut = ikit-íkit. see íkit.

ikwadur n equator.

ikyas v [A2; b6] slip away, get away after planning to do so. Miikyas ku sa báy kay daghang buhatun,- I slipped out of the house because there was a lot of chores to do. Nakaikyas ang prísu, The prisoner escaped.

ikyut = ukyut.

ila_1 v {1} [A; a12b2] identify, distinguish which is which. Ang tistígus mauy nag-ila kinsa ang sad-an, The witness identified the culprit. Lisud ilhun kung babáyi u laláki ba kanang taas ug buhuk. Dílì giyud maila (mailhan), It’s hard to tell if it’s a boy or girl when they have long hair. You can’t tell. {2} [A12; a3b2] recognize who a person is. Wà ku siya maila (hiilhi) sa ngitngit, I did not recognize him in the dark. {3} [A12; b(1)] know a person. Nakaila aku kaníya, I know him. {4} [A3; a12b2] acknowledge, consider s.o. as s.t. Walà sila muila sa íyang kinaadman, They did not recognize his wisdom. Siya ang giilang hárì sa mga matun, He is the acknowledged king of the thugs. {4a} [A23; a12] acknowledge s.o. as arousing fear or awe. Wà siyay giilang táwu, He’s afraid of no one. {4b} — ug Ginúu call on God’s help when one is in distress. Makaila ka ug Ginúu ug náa ka sa kalisud, You will call on God when you are in trouble. {5} [A12] experience, taste. Paminyúa lag sayu arun makailag unsay kalisud, Let them marry young so they can experience hardship. n birthmark. pa- v [A; ac] {1} make s.t. known, introduce oneself as s.o. Wà siya magpaila nga anak sa hárì, He did not let it be known that he was the king’s son. Ipaila ku kanímu ang tinúud, I’ll make the truth known. {2} indicate. Ang kusug nga ulan usáhay nagpaila nga dúnay bagyu, Heavy rain sometimes indicates that there is a storm. ilaíla v [A2C; acP] introduce, get acquainted. Nakig-ilaíla siya sa mga lídir sa pulitika, He introduced himself to the political leaders. Ilailáha ang ákung kasáring, Meet my classmate. Iilaíla (ipailaíla) aku ánang ímung kúyug, Introduce me to your companion. pailaíla v [A; ac] introduce s.o. to s.o. else. Pailailáha sila, Let them get acquainted with each other. ka-(←) n acquaintance. v [C; c5] become acquainted with one or more persons. Didtu sila magkaíla sa barku, They became friends on the boat. Gikaíla ku siya sa barku, I made his acquaintance on the boat. ilhánan n identifying mark or sign. Ákù nang rilúha kay dúnay ilhánan, That watch is mine because there is an identifying mark. -in- n recognized as s.t. good, well-known. -du a {1} well-known. Iládu siya sa íla, He is well-known in their town. {2} notorious. Ang mga iládung mangunguut, The notorious pickpockets. v [B12] be, become well-known, notorious. timailhan see timailhan. †

ila_2 a shy, afraid to approach s.o. unfamiliar. Ila kaáyu ang bátà, dílì padúul nákù, The child is very shy; he doesn’t want me to go near him. v [B; b6] become shy. Maila ang manuk ug síging pakuratan, It makes the chickens shy if you keep scaring them. ilahan = ila_2.

íla see sila.

ilab v [APB; a4] catch fire, cause s.t. to do so. Miilab (nailab, giilab) ang sidsid sa íyang sinínà sa dihang naduul sa káyu, The hem of her dress caught fire when it came near the fire. Ang pagdagkut sa puspuru mauy miilab (mipailab) sa gasulína, When he lighted the match, it caused the gasoline to catch fire.

ílad v [AN; a12] {1} swindle. Ilárun giyud ka kay dalì ka ra mutúu, I’m sure you’ll get swindled because you are easily deceived. {2} fool s.o. Siyay niílad ni Huwan nga may iskuyla kunu karun, He fooled John telling him there was school today. n action of swindling. paN- n business of swindling. Magsilbi ka sa pangílad kay maáyu kang mupatúu ug táwu, You will do well as a swindler because you can make people believe you. maN-r-(→) n swindler.

iláda = hiláda.

iládu {1} see ila_1. {2} = hiláda.

iladur = hiladur, see hiláda.

ilag, ílag v [A2; c] dodge. Iilag lang ang ímung láwas ug labáyun ka, Move your body quickly to the side if s.o. throws s.t. at you.

ilagà n {1} rat, mouse. {2} by extension, hamsters. Timáwà pa sa ilagà, Poor as a church mouse. — sa Urúpa white mouse. ilagàilágà n a game of chance at carnivals or fiestas involving hamsters which are let loose and have a choice of several holes to take shelter in. Bets are placed on which animal enters which hole.

ilahánun see sila.

ilaid v [A13] {1} lie in intense suffering. Duha ka búwan nga nag-ilaid siya sa banig, He suffered intensely in his bed for two months. {2} stagger under a load. Nag-ilaid siya sa kabug-at sa íyang dala, He was staggering under the weight of what he was carrying. — sa kawad-un suffering extreme poverty.

ílak = damagan_1.

ilang-ílang = alangílan.

ilap, ílap v [A2; c1] {1} for flames to lick at s.t. Ang kaláyu ígù lang miílap sa balay, The flames just licked at the house. {2} touch lightly. Miílap ang túbig sa bàbà sa barútu, The water touched the top of the boat gently. Giílap sa hángin ang íyang buktun, His arm was touched lightly by the wind.

ílas n Job’s tears, a coarse grass growing to 2 m. with smooth and large grains, used for ornamental beads: Coix lachryma-jobi.

iláwud see lawud.

ilaya, iláya n area away from the coast or town. pa- v [A] go inland. ilayanhun a hill-*billy, one from the remote interior regions.

ilbu n elbow joint of pipes.

íli_1 n letter L.

*íli_2 see ilíhan.

ilibítur n elevator. — buy n elevator boy. v [A13; a] go by, make into an elevator.

ilidyibul a {1} qualified for the civil service. Ilidyibul ang tanang nagtrabáhu sa adwána, All the workers in the Customs have passed the civil service qualifications. {2} for a man to be eligible for marriage (usually highly eligible). v [B12] {1} make, become a civil service eligible. {2} be eligible for marriage.

ílig v [A; b6] for a large number to move s.w. where conditions are more favorable. Sa tingtugnaw muílig ang mga langgam sa ínit nga dapit, During the cold season birds migrate to hot places. Búkid nga giilígan sa mga bakwit, The mountains where the people took refuge. -an(→) n place where a large number flock for refuge.

ilígal a illegal. †

iliganti a elegant in looks. Iliganti kang tan-áwun ánang sinináa, You look elegant in that dress. v [B12; b6] be elegant in looks.

ilíhan n remote area, thinly populated, usually forested and inaccessible to vehicles. Ayaw pagsúut sa ilíhan, tingálig mawā̀ ka, You might get lost if you wander into the woods.

ílik v [AP; c1] turn the body right and left gracefully in dancing or to view oneself better in a mirror. Mag-ílik (magpaílik) gánì kag dúgay sa sámin, byáan ta ka, If you spend so much time primping yourself up in front of the mirror, I’ll leave you. Klarúha lang nag sáyaw, ilíkun (iílik) pa man, You’re wiggling your body so much, why don’t you go ahead and dance? n action of turning left and right.

iliksiyun n election. v [A1] hold elections.

iliktrik a electric. — áyurn n electric iron. — istub n electric range. — tsir n electric chair. v [c6] be sent to the chair.

iliktrisidad n electricity, electric current. v [b6] have electricity.

iliktrisyan n electrician. v [B16] be an electrician.

iliktruniku n electronics.

iliktur n voter. v [B126] become a voter.

ilikturáda n the electorate, the voting public.

iliktural n electoral.

ilimintári, ilimintarya n elementary school. v [A1] study in a certain elementary school.

ilimintu n element, component.

iling = sal-ing.

ilin-ílin v [A12; b8] have a variety of things to choose from. Makailin-ílin kag pagkáun, There’s a tremendous variety of food to choose from. Daghan ang pagkáun nga kailin-ilínan, There’s lots of food one can choose from. pailin-ílin v [A; ac2] be given a variety of things to choose from. Nagpailin-ílin lang siyag puyù sa mga paryinti níya sa siyudad, He has a large number of relatives to choose from to stay with when he comes to the city.

ilipanti n {1} elephant. {2} k.o. herb with a spike of white or blue flowers that curls like the tusk of an elephant. The leaves are applied to boils and wounds: Heliotropium indicum. — nga laki plant similar in appearance to ilipanti and with similar medicinal use: Stachytarpheta jamaicensis or australis.

ilipant wuk n the elephant walk, a k.o. dance. v [A] dance this dance.

ílis v {1} [A23C; ab1c] give s.t. in lieu of s.t. received. Kinsay muílis ug rilu áring ákung singsing, Who will give me a watch for my ring? Mag-ílis tag lingkuránan, Let’s exchange seats. Napúlù ka gip-istam ilísan ug takurì, You get a teakettle for ten gift stamps. {2} [A; b1c] replace s.t. with s.t. else similar. Kamau kang muílis ug batu sa singsing? Do you know how to change the stone in a ring? Giilísan si Pidru sa kuts, The coach replaced Pedro. {2a} [A; bc] break money into smaller denominations. Ilísi ra kinig mamísus, Please change this bill into one-peso notes. {3} [AB13; c] put clothes on s.o., change s.o.’s clothes. Kinsay muílis sa bátà, Who will change the child? Nag-ílis si Pípi, Pepe is changing clothes. {3a} [B13; c] be dressed up. Maáyu untà nà siyag hitsúra ug mag-ílis, He looks pretty good if he is dressed up. {4} [A2; c] pay back s.t. borrowed, replace s.t. lost or consumed. Maáyu siyang manghulam ug kwarta apan dílì muílis, He’s good in borrowing money but never pays you back. Ilísan ku tung duláan nga giwálà sa bátà, I’ll replace the toy the child lost. {5} [A12S3] come and go, happen one after the other. Mag-ílis ang suluguun sa ámù kay daghanan ra sa trabáhu, Our helpers do not stick with us because we make them work too hard. Nag-ilis lag pangamátay ang íyang mga anak, His children died one after the other. {6} muílis nga simána, búwan, etc. next week, next month, etc. n replacement, thing given in exchange, shift of workers. Siyay ílis nákù sa trabáhu, He is my replacement at work. Kini ílis sa ákung gibuak, This is in exchange for the one I broke. -an(→) n clean clothes.

ilisdan/ilisdi v [b1] {1} exchange, replace s.t. Ákung ilisdan ug duha ka buuk kabáyù nang ímung kábaw, I’ll give you two horses for your carabao. {2} pay s.o. back or replace s.t. Ilisdan tika sa Lúnis, I’ll pay you back Monday. Ímu giyung ilisdan tung ákung pawuntinpin, You should replace my pen. {3} replace s.t. that was s.w. by s.t. else. Giilisdag baratuhung batu ang singsing, He substituted a cheap stone in the ring.

ilísi = ísi_2.

ilitirit n illiterate. v [B126; b6] end up an illiterate.

ilitsu dibilin n a k.o. small club moss used as an indoor ornamental plant: Selaginella umbrosa.

íliw_1 v {1} [AN3; a2] long for s.t., miss s.t. that one loves. Ang bátà wà giyud mangíliw sa inahan níyang namatay, The child did not miss its dead mother. Ang mabdus nag-íliw ug hilaw mangga, The pregnant woman is longing for green mangoes. Giíliw kang Máma nímu, Your mother is looking for you. {2} [b8] take a liking to s.t. Nailiwan uruy níya nang bataána, He has come to take a liking to that child. n k.o. poisonous snake, so called because it is believed that the snake and victim long for each other after the victim has been bitten, and the victim loses his mind, forgetting to have his wound treated.

íliw_2 n sergeant fish or crab eater: Rachycentron canadus.

iltur n variety of cholera called El Tor. v [A123P; a4] get El Tor.

ílu_1 n {1} one who has lost a parent. Ílu siya sa inahan, She has no mother. — nga tulápus orphan. {2} having lost a relative or s.o. close, deprived of s.t. one needs. Namaldítu ang íyang anak kay ílu sa pagtagad, His son became delinquent because he is wanting in care and affection. v [B126] {1} lose a father or mother. {2} deprived of s.t. one needs.

ílu_2 v [A; b] wipe s.o. after a bowel movement. (→) n s.t. used to wipe oneself after a bowel movement. Maáyung ilu ang pákaw, Corn cobs are good to wipe with. pa- v [A; ac] have s.o. wipe one’s anus. paN- v [A; b] wipe oneself after a bowel movement. iluhan n anus.

ílu_3 ka-, ka-(→) Poor thing! Kaílu níya, byàbyáan lang sa inahan, Poor thing, he’s just neglected by his mother.

*ílub see paílub.

ílug v {1} [A3S; a2] take away from s.o.’s possession. Nakailug kug búla, I managed to get a ball away from him. Ilúgun nákù basta dì ihátag, I will take it away from you if you do not give it to me. {1a} — ug lugar {1a1} occupy more space than necessary. {1a2} for a moving vehicle to run another vehicle out of its lane by cutting in on him or coming against him. {2} [C2; b3] fight for possession of s.o. or s.t. Bukug nga giilúgan sa duha ka irù, The bone the two dogs were fighting over. {3} [A2; a12] overcome. Bisag unsáun kug tuun, muílug giyud ang katulúgun, No matter how hard I study, sleep overcomes me. {3a} — sa bandíra v [A123S; a3] manage to marry a man who has a large number of sweethearts. Ayaw na lang ug pangabubhu ánang mga karáang trátu sa ímung bána. Tutal ikaw may nakailug sa bandíra, You need not get jealous about your husband’s former sweethearts. After all, you were the one he married. {4} [A23; c] cut in on a conversation. ‘Dì nà mau,’ miílug si Pidru, ‘That is not the one,’ Pedro broke in. {4a} include s.t. s.w. where it wouldn’t normally be included. Iílug ra kinig pasa, While you’re ironing would you touch this up quickly? {4b} take time out to do s.t. Ilúga ra gud ni ug laba, Take off a minute to wash this. {5} — sa yáwà [a12] completely forget s.t. important which one was about to say. Walà giyud kuy nabungat nga mga maáyung rasun. Giílug ug hurut sa yáwà. Napildi hinúun kus kásu, I never did get my good arguments out. I completely forgot what I was going to say, so I lost the case. n action of grabbing. (→) = ílug, v 4a, b. -an(→) a tending to grab things from others. -in-, -in-(→) n {1} odds favorite in gambling. Adtu ku pusta sa inílug, I’ll bet on the favored cock. {2} popular, sought after. Si Núra Unur inílug sa mga prudyúsir, The producers fight each other to get Nora Aunor. -in-an n merchandise which is highly popular (things which people fight with each other to get). Inilúgan kaáyu ang pán ni Tínung, Tinong’s bread is very popular. -un(→) a be in short supply. Ilugun kaáyu ang ákung panahun, I have very little time. n the upper part of the small intestines which are rolled up. siN-un(→) a = ilugun, a.

íluk n armpit. (→) v {1} [A; c1] carry under the arm. Iiluk (iluka) kanang putus, Carry that bundle under your arm. {2} [A; a12] hit in the armpit or at the point where the leg or fin of a beast joins the body. Nailuk ang ihu sa ísi, The harpoon hit the shark at the base of the fin. {3} [A1; a3] acquire a degree or other distinction. Si Huwan nakailuk sa únang ganti, John won first prize. paN-an(→) n place where the armpits are.

Ilukánu n Ilocano, person from the Ilocos region or his language. -in- n the Ilocano style or language.

ilúku n k.o. thread of several strands made from low-grade cotton, finer and whiter than the tingkal.

Ilúkus n Ilocos region, Northwestern Luzon.

ilung n nose. gáhì ug — {a} for domestic animals which have a tether rope attached to the nose to be intractable, disobedient. {b} for a person to be contrary, not amenable to suggestions. húmuk ug — for domestic animals to be tractable, obedient or person to be acquiescent, amenable. taas ug — {a} long-nosed. {b} blind to s.t. right under one’s nose. walay — flat-nosed. -an, -an(←) n having a nicely-shaped nose. paN- n rope passed through the water buffalo’s nose to which the tether rope is attached.

Ilungga = ilunggu (female).

Ilunggu (from Iluílu, the principal city of the Hiligaynon region). n {1} one from the Hiligaynon region. {2} Hiligaynon language.

ilun-ílun n variety of lowland rice reaching a height of about 5′ and with longer and bigger leaves than most other varieties, maturing in eight months. It has heavy yellow grains and is not much planted, as more productive varieties have been introduced. v [A3; a2] plant this variety of rice.

ilustráda a an illustrious woman or family, one who has done deeds worthy of emulation and respect.

ilustrádu n illustrious persons.

ilut v [A; b6(1)] induce a rooster to fight with another rooster in order to catch him. Dílì madakpan kanang sunúya kun dílì ilutan, You cannot capture that rooster if you don’t lure him.

imà = ingà.

imabaw = ibabaw, see babaw.

imáhin n religious image.

imakuláda kunsipsiyun n immaculate conception.

imas added to, plus. Upat imas sayis mahímung napúlù, Six plus four makes ten.

imat a {1} ugly: {a} in a messy way. {b} in action. {2} poor in quality. Imat ning bulpína. Dì muági, This pen is of poor quality. It doesn’t write well. v [B12] become ugly. Naimat ang íyang nawung sa tantung pangulurítis, Her face was a mess with all that make-up.

imbaháda_1 v [A; b6] pace back and forth in anger. Muimbaháda ku ug masukù, I pace back and forth when I’m angry.

imbaháda_2 n {1} embassy. {2} an announcement of s.t. to come, esp. the announcement sent by the groom’s family to the house of the prospective bride that they will come to ask for the bride’s hand formally (pamaláyi). {3} messenger of a king or s.o. sent to announce the courtship ceremony. v [A; b] notification of s.t. to happen. Nag-imbaháda ang ákung anak nga dúna siyay mga bisítang dad-un sa ámù, My son notified us in advance that he was bringing visitors to our house. Wà makaimbaháda ang gubyirnu sa kalit nga pag-usbaw sa prisyu sa bugas, The government did not have a chance to notify the people about the sudden rise in the price of rice.

imbahadur n ambassador. v [B156; a12] be an ambassador.

imbalidu, imbalídu n {1} invalid, null and void. Imbalídu ang kuntrátu kay way pirma, Their contract is invalid because it has no signature. {2} invalid, ill person. v [c16] {1} invalidate. {2} [B12] become an invalid.

imbalsamar v [A3P; a] embalm. imbalsamadur n embalmer. v [B156] be an embalmer. †

imbargu v [A; a2] {1} confiscate. Ang maistra miimbargu sa kúmiks, The teacher confiscated the comic books. {2} foreclose on a loan, repossess. Maimbargu unyà ang ákung makinilya, They might repossess my typewriter.

imbasyun n invasion.

imbaw n k.o. grey lucene clam with concentric ridges running along the width but with no vertical lines, 2″ to 3″ in width. Most types of the imbaw are similar in shape, color, and size to the American quahog, but with more pronounced ridges and no blue on the inside of the shell. — sa bunbun a small k.o. imbaw found on the shore. paN- v [A2; b(1)] gather imbaw.

imbay_1 a moving slow with stiff legs like a crab. v [B; a] be slow and dragging in movements or work. Nag-imbay na ang íyang linaktan tungud sa kakápuy, His pace became very slow from fatigue. Giimbay níya paghungit ang bátà, He is feeding the child slowly bit at a time. Giimbáyan níya ang íyang trabáhu, He dilly-dallied on the job.

imbay_2 n name given to the women kept by Japanese soldiers as mistresses. v [A; c1] become an imbay.

imbintu n invention. v {1} [A; a] invent. Bag-ung bumba na puy imbintúhun sa Rusya, Now the Russians are going to invent another bomb. {2} [A; a2] make up a lie, story. Maáyu kang mangimbintu ug katarúngan, You are great at making up excuses.

imbǐs instead of. Si Maríya ang giminyúan imbǐs si Ilína, The man married Maria instead of Elena. Imbǐs mutrabáhu magpúnay lang siyag tábì, Instead of working, she would sit around blabbing.

imbistigar v [A; a2] investigate. Imbistigarun (imbistigahun) ang hinungdan sa pagkabagsà, The cause of the crash should be investigated. imbistigadur n investigator. v [B156; a12] be an investigator.

imbistigasyun n investigation.

imbitar v [AN; a12] invite s.o. to go to an affair or a place. Wà siya mangimbitar nákù uy, He didn’t invite me. Imbitarun (imbitahun) ta ka sa ámung pista, I am inviting you to our fiesta celebration. imbitádu n one invited to an affair. imbitasiyun n invitation.

imbraimatsu n k.o. joint in which a tongue or rib at the edge of the board fits exactly into a groove in another. v [c1] use boards with tongue and groove joints for walling or flooring.

imbúdu n funnel. v [A; c] {1} put a funnel. Imbudúhi ang butilya inighuwad, Put a funnel in the bottle when you pour. {2} funnel, divert s.t. Daghang humay giimbúdu ngadtu sa blakmarkit, Lots of rice was funnelled into the black market.

imbukar v [A; b5] start, begin. Miimbukar ang ikaduhang kagúbut sa kalibútan mga katluan na ka túig gíkan karun, The Second World War started some thirty years ago. Ug naimbukar (naimbukahan) pa ug sayu ning trabahúa human na untà ni pagkakarun, Had this work been started early, it would have been finished by now.

imburnal n culvert. v [c] put a culvert.

imbúru = imbúdu.

imbus = ibyus.

imbuyis n invoice. v [A; b6(1)] make an invoice of goods bought. Ang tindíru mauy muimbuyis sa mga pinalit ku, The sales clerk makes the invoices for the things I buy.

imbyirnu n winter.

ími n letter M.

imigrant n s.o. who emigrates abroad. v [B126] become an emigrant.

imirdyinsi n emergency. — máni the money issued by the provincial governments after the outbreak of World War II before the Japanese occupation.

imirhinsiya = imirdyinsi.

imiri — bag, burd emery bag, board.

imit v [AN; a2] {1} desire to have things of little value or which one can’t use. Nangimit (nag-imit) ka man diay niánang mga pitsipitsi, Do you really want to have that junk? {2} be after s.t. Wà siya mahigugma níya. Nag-imit lang sa íyang yútà, He doesn’t love her. He’s just after her land. a stingy, possessive.

imitasiyun, imitisyun n imitation.

imnu n hymn.

impáki v [A; c1] pack up, put in a container for carrying or storing. Impakíhag (iimpákig) maáyu ang dad-unun, Pack up the things we will take with us carefully.

impaktu n {1} supernatural being which causes evil and may be called into the service of a sorcerer. If he shows himself it is usually in the form of s.t. ordinary with an extraordinary characteristic: animal of an unusual age, color, or shape; banana trunk blocking the way where there had been no bananas growing, and the like. {2} by extension, s.o. who does evil without scruples. v [B26; b6] be devilish, without scruples.

impanáda n pastries consisting of meat wrapped in dough and fried. v [A1; a2] make impanáda.

impantil — biribiri, paralisis n k.o. children’s disease.

impantiríya n infantry.

impas a {1} paid off, up. Impas na ang ákung útang, My debts are paid off. {2} be done for, finished off, dead. Impas na ang manuk, The cock is finished off. Impas na ang ákung puhúnan. Dì na ku makasúgal, My money is all gone. I can’t gamble any more. Impas ka ug hibuthan ka ug dinamíta, That’ll be the end of you if dynamite explodes on you. v {1} [A3P; b5] pay off, up. {2} [B126; ab3] be done in, finished, dead. — túdas = impas, 2.

impáti {1} for antagonists to be even in gains and losses. Impáti na ta kay púlus ta way túri, We are even now because we both lost our rooks. {2} having no more debts. Impáti na ta. Wà na kuy útang, We’re square now. I don’t owe you a thing. v {1} [a3] come to a tie. Naimpáti ang ílang dúlà, Their game ended in a tie. {1a} [A12; c3] get a tie. {2} [AC; a1] settle up accounts between people that have debts to each other or between mortgager and the holder of a mortgage. Arun magkaimpáti ta, pun-an nákug tris mil ang ímung prinda, ug ákù na, To settle up, I’ll give you three thousand and pay off your mortgage, and the land is mine. {3} [A12] for an amount to be sufficient to meet some obligations. Dì makaimpáti ang ímung swildu sa ímung taplanan, Your salary isn’t enough to pay your debts to me. {4} [B126] be finished off. Naimpáti sa mananaygun ang ákung katapúsang sinsíyu, The carolers finished off all of my change.

impatsu n indigestion caused by eating things that don’t go together. v [B126; a4] have indigestion. Naimpatsu (giimpatsu) ang bátà kay nagkaug buúngun ug butung, The child suffered from indigestion because he ate pomelos and young coconut. — sa sabun v [a3] for clothes that have been put out in the sun to bleach to be allowed to dry out such that the soap will not come out.

impi n {1} acronym for MP (military police). {2} wife in her capacity as her husband’s watchdog (slang). v {1} [B156; a12] be an MP. {2} [A3; b6] check upon husband. Dì makaguwàguwà si Dindu kay náay muimpi níya, Dindo is not free to go out because there is a watchdog checking upon him.

impiksiyun n infection.

impiktu = ipiktu.

impilya n leaf lard, a thin layer of fatty tissue around the outside of the stomach of large animals or persons. impilyáhun a fat, obese.

impiradur n {1} emperor. {2} name formerly given to the brightest student in the class, who was given a special place in front. v [B16; a12] {1} be an emperor. {2} be the best student in class.

impiratris n empress. v [B126; a12] become an empress.

impirdibli n safety pin. v [A; b6] fasten s.t. with a safety pin.

impirmaríya, impirmarya n infirmary.

impirnu n {1} hell. Impirnu ning ákung kinabúhì uban nímu, My life with you is hell. {2a} hain, ása, diin nga impirnúha whatever place it is, I couldn’t care less. Ambut kun háin siyang impirnúha, I don’t know where she is, and I don’t give a damn. v {1} [B12] become a hell. {2} [a3b4(1)] go to hell. Ang mga dautan maimpirnu, Bad men go to hell. Ang palábi nga pagsugal ray kaimpirnúhan mu, You’ll go to hell because of your gambling. {3} [B16] be blazing with anger. Hílum kay nag-impirnu ning ákung úlu, Shut up. My head is blazing with anger.

impiryu n empire.

impisar v [A; c16] start, begin. Impisahun (iimpisar) na nátù ang trabáhu, Let us start working.

impísi = inpísi.

impitu n height of one’s anger. v [B6; b4] be at the height of anger. Ayaw siyag duúla ug mag-impitu ang íyang kasukù, Don’t approach him if he is fuming mad. Naimpituhan ku siyag latigu, I whipped him in a burst of rage.

impiyirnu = impirnu.

implimintar v [A; c] implement, put a procedure into effect. Iimplimintar na ang bag-ung baláud sa pangampanya sa pulitika, They are going to implement the new law regarding campaigning.

impliyar v {1} [A2; b(1)] get employment. Nakaimpliyar siya sa gubyirnu, He was employed in the government service. Mauy impliyari ang dagkung kumpaníya, Get employed in a large company. {2} [A; b6c1] hire, employ. Dì siya muimpliyar ug minur diidad, They do not employ minors. {3} [A; c] employ, put into practice what one has learned. Giimpliyar níya ang diyútayng kaálam sa dyúdu, He employed the little judo he knew. impliyáda n female employee. impliyádu n employee. v [B16; a2] get employed in a job. Sígi lag pangítag trabáhu hangtud maimpliyádu ka, Don’t quit looking for work until you get employment. Ang táwung way ambisyun mag-impliyádu lang hangtud sa pagkamatay, A man who has no ambition will work as an employee forever. Ang upisína giimpliyadúhan níyag upat, He employed four people in his office.

implíyu n employment, job. v [A; a2] employ. Gustu kung muimplíyu ug kugihan nga búy, I want to employ an industrious houseboy. paN- v [A2; b6] work as an employee. Nangimplíyu ang asáwa kay dì paigù ang swildu sa bána, The wife took a job because the husband didn’t make enough.

impluwinsa n influenza. v [B126; a4] get influenza. Ábi kug labad sa úlu lang, naimpluwinsa man núun, I thought it was only a headache, but it turned out to be the flu. Impluwinsáhun ka, You will get influenza.

impluwinsiya n influence. v [A; a1] influence.

imprinta n printing press or an establishment in the printing business. v [A; a] print. Imprintáhun giyud ang imbitasiyun, The invitation card should be printed. imprintahan = imprinta, n.

imprisaryu n impresario. v [B15; b6] be an impresario.

imprumtu n impromptu. v [c1] be impromptu. Naimprumtu ang prugráma kay way nakapangandam, The program was made impromptu because nobody prepared for it.

*impuntu alas [number] — at [such-and-such a time] on the dot. Alas utsu impuntu, Eight o’clock sharp.

impurmǎl a informal gathering, affair. v [a12] make an affair informal.

impurmasiyun n information.

impurtansiya n importance. pa- v [A; b6(1)] be given, give oneself importance. Mupaimpurtansiya giyud nang bayhána. Dì giyud mulingkud sa luyu, That woman pretends she’s important. She never takes a seat in the back.

impurtanti a important, having a bearing on a situation. v [B12; b6] be important for s.t. Nagkaimpurtanti ang túbig nga nagkaduul na ang tinghulaw, Water is once more becoming important because the dry season is approaching. Palita dáyun kun impurtantihan ka ánang librúha sa ímung pagtuun, Buy that book if you consider it important for your studies.

impurtasiyun n importation.

impurti n value. Pilay impurti sa ímung singsing? How much is your ring worth? Káhuy nga impurtig trisyintus, Wood worth three hundred pesos. v [B456] be worth [so-and-so] much. Kadtung lúhung awtu nag-impurti ug trayinta míl, That luxurious car is worth thirty thousand.

impurtid n imported.

impusibli a it is impossible, very unlikely. Impusibli pug dì ka muganansiya, It is impossible that you won’t make a profit. v [B12; c1] be implausible, impossible to happen. Maimpusibli ang dágan sa isturya ug pasubraag kakulbà hínam, The story will be implausible if there are too many suspenseful details.

impuy n title of respect for old folks, male or female.

impyirnu = impirnu.

imraimatsu = imbraimatsu.

imsi n emcee. v [A; a2] emcee.

ímu see ikaw.

imulsiyun n emulsion of cod liver oil. v [b] give s.o. this preparation.

ímung v [AN; c1] {1} forget to pay a debt or return s.t. borrowed (from ímu [see ikaw] as used in an expression referring to the thing borrowed, e.g., Dúna man tuy ímung dus písus diri nákù nu? I still have two pesos of yours, don’t I?) Ayaw imúnga ang ákung bayinti písus, Don’t k.o. forget to pay me my twenty pesos, will you? {2} cheat s.o. out of s.t. small. Siyay miímung (nangímung) sa kwarta sa tigúwang ignuranti, He gypped the ignorant old man out of his money.

imurahiya n hemorrhage from the womb. v [A13P; a4] have a hemorrhage in childbirth or miscarriage. Nag-imurahiya (giimurahiya) siya dihang gikakuháan siya, She had a hemorrhage when she had her miscarriage.

imuralidad n immorality. v [a3] be dismissed from the teaching service for getting pregnant out of wedlock. Ug dílì siya pakaslan maimuralidad giyud siya, If he doesn’t marry her, she will be sacked for immorality.

imut-imut v [B12] be financially hard-up on a long-term basis. Pirmi giyung magkaimut-imut ang gastadur, A spendthrift is always in financial straits.

imyus = ibyus.

in grammatical particle (dialectal). {1} = y. {2} subject marker for an indefinite subject (standard Cebuano: ang). Dílì hingpit ang altar kay dakù pa man in kúwang, The altar is not complete. There is a good deal lacking.

ín_1 v [A12; c] be accepted as a teacher in the public schools. Wà pa siya maín sa pagkamaistra kay way bakanti, She hasn’t been accepted as a teacher because there’s no vacancy. n one who is ‘in’ in the school system.

ín_2 a for a ball to be in bounds. v [A; c6] in billiards, move the cue ball perpendicularly a certain distance from the edge of the billiard table to make it easier to shoot.

-in-_1 derivative affix added to adjectives or nouns to form adjectives which mean ‘in the manner of [such-and-such]’ and verbs that mean ‘do in [such-and-such] a manner.’ Usually, there is shift to the left with the addition of this affix. Ug dílì mahímù sa minaayu, buhátun nátù sa dinautang paági, If it can not be done in a nice way, we’ll do it in a bad way. Inigsuung tambag, Sisterly advice. {2} by the ... Giswilduan silag sinimana, They were paid by the week. Ginagmayng pagkapalit, Bought a little at a time.

-in-_2 affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the direct passive inflectional affix (-un_1) and the instrumental inflectional passive (i-_1), meaning 1. {1} the thing [verb]ed. Hinátag ba ni u pinalit ba? Was this a present (s.t. given) or just s.t. you bought? {2} s.t. put s.w. or in s.t. Inasin nga karni, Salted meat. Kinahun ug linata, Things in boxes and things in cans.

-in-_3 derivational affix. {1} added to verbs forming nouns which refer to the continuous action of doing and verbs which mean ‘[do] continuously’. Sa tantu níyang hinílak, From crying so much. Dúru nákung pinangítà, I looked for it for all I was worth. {2} added to words which refer to sounds to form nouns which mean ‘the sound of’. Tinúlù, The sound of dripping. Kinasíkas, Rustling sound.

ina old word for ‘mother’ that is confined to set phrases. bilat sa — see bilat. — nga [vegetable] variety of [vegetable] that is larger, softer, and inferior to the ordinary. Inang palawan, Large, soft variety of palawan. inahan n mother. inahan nga buhatan main office of a firm with branches. v [AN; c1] be a mother to. Siyay miinahan (nanginahan) sa íyang mga humagbus, She was mother to her stepchildren. panginahan v [A2; a2] recognize or treat as s.o.’s mother. Naguul si Pilar kay wà manginahan kaníya ang íyang humagbus, Pilar is worried because her stepchild doesn’t treat her like a mother. pakainahan v [A13; a12] act, treat like a mother. inaína {1} stepmother. {2} foster mother. v [A; c1] be a foster mother, stepmother to. Ákung manghud ákung iinaína (inaináhun) sa ákung mga bátà, I’ll make my younger sister the foster mother of my children. {2} [A12] get a stepmother, foster mother. inaan n mother hen. inaun, ináun n godmother. v [B3; c1] act as godmother, be a godmother. paN-(←) n in games like marbles, the piece the player uses to strike other pieces.

ínà (short for ayaw únà) {1} just a moment, a minute. Ínà pa, dúna pa kuy gipangítà, Just a moment (a minute) I’m still looking for s.t. {2} particle used to change the subject: by the way. Ínà pa ra gud, kinsa tu ka? By the way, who did you say you were?

inagurar v [A; b(1)] hold a celebration in honor of an accomplishment, having reached a certain stage, having finished s.t. Makainagurar ka giyug mupasar ka sa bár, You’ll have to hold a celebration if you pass the bar. Ang báy inagurahan ugmà, There will be a celebration for the new house tomorrow. inagurasiyun n celebration. v [A13; b(1)] = inagurar.

inámil n {1} enamel of teeth. {2} enamel paint.

-in-an affix added to verb bases to form nouns which are parallel in meaning to the local passive inflectional affix (-an_1). {1} s.t. from, at, on, to which s.t. was done, place at which s.t. was done. Kinutúban sa ákung yútà, The boundary of my land. (Lit. The place to which my land reached.) {2} the thing or person [verb]ed. Nakahibáwu ku sa ímung tinagúan, I know your secret. {2a} s.t. caught by [such-and-such] a method of fishing, hunting, etc. Pinaslan, Fish caught with a line. Dininamitáhan, Fish caught with dynamite. {3} reason for [do]ing. Mu ra nay ímung hinilákan? Is that all you’re crying about?

-in-an(→) affix added to verbs to form nouns meaning manner of doing. Linakwan, Way of walking. Kinataw-an, Way of laughing.

-in-ánan alternant of -in-an added to some roots where the final vowel of the root is dropped. Sinugdánan (sinugdan), Beginning. Kinuptánan sa átung panaghinigugmaay, Keepsakes betokening our love.

inánay v [AB; c1] do or become s.t. in stages gradually, little by little. Miinánay pagbákud ang masakitun, The sick man rose slowly. Miinánay (nainánay) ug kaláwum ang sapà, The brook is gradually getting deeper. Inanáya (iinánay) pagsira ang pultahan, Close the door slowly. Inanáyan ta lang kag báyad sa ákung útang, I’ll just pay you my debt little by little.

in-anay = -ay_1.

inánu n dwarf, midget. v [B6; b6] be a dwarf or midget.

ínat v {1} [AB23(1); c1] stretch, cause to extend farther in length or time. Akuy miínat sa dawunggan sa bátang badlúngun, I pulled the naughty child’s ears. Muínat (maínat) ang tisyirt, The T-shirt will stretch. Inátun (iínat) paggastu ang kwarta, Stretch the money to make it go a long way. {1a} [A; a] stretch a grade so that the student can pass. Inátun na lang ni nátung grádu, kay gradwíting ka man, We’ll stretch your grade because you’re graduating. {2} [B26] for the voice or brows to be raised. Muínat (maínat) na gánì nang íyang kílay napikal na nà, When he raises his brows, that means he is irked. n {1} amount s.t. stretched. {2} stretching.

ínaw n name given to a k.o. sigay (small cowry) which is shiny.

inawgura = inagurar.

inay_1 n {1} short for Nánay mother. Háin man si inay mu (ang ímung inay)? Where’s your mother? {2} exclamation expressing great emotion. Inay, bitin, Mama! A snake! -an n mother hen or mother of other k.o. fowl. v [A1; a2] raise a mother bird.

inay_2 instead of [doing so-and-so]. Inay magtuun nagpúnay man hinúug liguy, Instead of studying he was always truant.

inay_3 I don’t know. Inay diin kahà nákù tu ikabutang ang lápis, I don’t know where I must have put the pencil.

-in-ay = -ay_1.

inbíay n acronym for the NBI National Bureau of Investigation, the Philippine analogue to the FBI. v [B156] be a member of the NBI.

inbitisyun kard n invitation card.

inburd n a marine motor mounted inboard or a small boat with an inboard motor.

inbuyis = imbuyis.

indák v [A; c6] induct into an organization. indaksiyun n induction into an organization. — bul n induction ball. v [A1; b(1)] hold an induction. indakting upisir n inducting officer.

indángan n surgeonfish: Acanthurus spp.

inday_1 short form: day. n {1} title or term of address for a female the same age or younger than the speaker, often adopted as the informal first name. Ása ka Day (Inday)? Where are you going, Miss? Nagkasíra si Inday Úping sa ámù, Miss Oping boards in our house. {2} female, girl. Tulu ka inday nga hidakpan sa balay sa kahiláyan, Three girls were arrested in the bawdy house. v [A13; a12] call s.o. inday. inday-inday a {1} light and continuing wind or rain. Dì man ni bagyu, inday-inday pa man ni, This is no storm. It’s only a playful breeze. {2} slow and easy in gait. {2a} a slow easy bouncing game of table tennis, as between beginners. {3} k.o. flowering weed resembling a poinsettia: Euphorbia heterophylla. v [B456] for wind or rain to be weak, be slow in gait. Nag-inday-inday siyang naglakaw, He’s walking slowly and leisurely.

indíbi n acronym for NDB, the National Development Board.

indig v [A12C; b6(1)c1] compare two things to see which is better. Wà makaindig ang íyang mga pinintal sa ubang salmut, His portraits could not compete with the other entries. Mag-indig ta kun kinsay maáyug tíngug, Let’s compare our voices to see which is better. Indígun kunu nátù ang átung buktun ug kinsay dakù, Let us compare our arms to see whose is bigger. Indígan nímu siya sa kabráyit, Are you going to compete with him to see who is more intelligent? Iindig ku ning ákung sinínà sa iyáha, I’ll compare my dress with hers to see which is nicer. ka- n rival, competitor. Daghan siyag kaindig sa íyang gugma ni Ispir, He has lots of rivals for Esper’s love. -ay n competition, contest, comparison. v [A13] hold, have a competition.

indihistiyun n indigestion. v [A13P; a4] have indigestion. Nag-indihistiyun (giindihistiyun) siya tungud sa kadaghan sa gikaun, She got indigestion from eating too much.

indikasiyun n reading on a meter.

indilibli n India ink.

indimunyádu a a mild cuss word referring to a person who has incurred one’s ire. Ikawng indimunyadúha ka, mubálik ka lang ngari, You, devil! Just try coming back here.

inding_1 n last digit of the sweepstakes number that won. Tickets ending in that digit win the purchase price. Dus ang inding sa búla karung bulána, Two is the last digit number in this month’s sweepstakes. v {1} [A3] have [such-and-such] as the last digit. {2} [A12] get a ticket that ends the same as the winning number.

inding_2 n joke which one makes in back and forth banter by which one saves face by turning criticism into praise. v [A12; b] succeed in making this sort of joke. Sa dihang giingnan siya nga giinítan siyang Rus, nakainding siya pag-ingun nga mau man giyud ning gwápu, pirming inítan, When they told him that Rose was angry (ínit) at him, he saved face with the joke that that’s the way it is with handsome men. Women always get hot (ínit) for them.

indipindinsiya n national independence.

indipindinti, indipindiyinti a independent from colonization or political party. v [B12] for a nation to become independent or a politician to free himself from a party.

indipirinti a not giving the expected attention to s.t. Indipirinti kaáyu nà siyang pamisitáhan, dì managad, She is indifferent to her guests. She pays them no mind. Bisag nagdaut ang anak, indipirinti ang inahan, Even though the child is sick, the mother is completely indifferent to it. Indipirinti kaáyu siya sa ákung mga hangyù, She was completely indifferent to my pleas. v [B12; b6] be, become indifferent towards.

indiriktaminti a indirectly, in an indirect manner. Gidílì sa maistru ang pagpamulitika bisag indiriktaminti, It is forbidden for teachers to engage in politics, even indirectly. Gihangyù ku siya indiriktaminti, I asked him for some indirectly. v [c16] say or communicate s.t. indirectly.

indispír a desperate. Indispír kaáyu tu si Husi kay wà sugta, Joseph is desperate because she turned him down. Indispír ku kay wà na kuy huwaman, I’m desperate because I don’t know who to borrow from. v [B126] be desperate.

Indiya n India. — ingk n India ink.

indiyan_1 n American Indian. — pánà n dart propelled by a sling. v [A; a12] shoot with a dart propelled by a sling.

indiyan_2 v [AN; a12] stand one up. Giindiyan ku sa ákung trátu, wà siya mutunghà, My boy friend stood me up. He didn’t come. a standing s.o. up.

indiyan híd n k.o. strong, but not tightly woven cloth used mainly for uniforms. v [A13C12; b6] use, wear clothing made from this k.o. cloth.

indiyu n Indio, a term given by Spaniards to native Filipinos during the Spanish times.

indulhinsiya n indulgence in the Church. v [A12] obtain indulgence.

indung_1 n {1} title or term of address for man older than speaker. {2} nickname of Pedro.

indung_2 n k.o. moray eel.

indúnu v [A; c] give, donate. Muindúnu ku sa yútà pára sa iskuylahan, I’ll donate the lot for the school. Dì nákù iindúnu ang ákung kahágù, pabáyad giyud ku, I won’t give my services free. I want to get paid. prinda — n mortgage in which the use and revenue of the thing mortgaged goes to the holder.

indur n {1} softball. {2} leather ball with bladder for volleyball. v [A; b1] play softball.

industriya n industry, manufacturing enterprises.

industriyal n {1} industrial. Ribulusiyun — Industrial Revolution. {2} Industrial Arts, a subject in school. {2a} project in industrial arts. {3} one’s kids (humorous metaphorical). Pila na karuy ímung industriyal? How many children do you have now? v [A1; c1] make a project in industrial arts.

indyiksiyun v [A; b6(1)] inject into the body or perform an analogous action on containers. Giindyiksiyunan ning agwag túbig, They diluted this perfume by injecting water into the bottle.

indyuy v [A2; b3] have a good time. Wà siya musáyaw didtu sa parti maung wà muindyuy, She did not dance in the party. That’s why she did not have a good time. Ang kartun mauy indyuyan sa mga bátà, The children will enjoy seeing a cartoon show.

ing = y.

ingà n lowing, mooing sound of cows and buffalos. v [B3] low, moo, bawl as if mooing.

ingáhay = kanyáhay.

ingat n an ear infection characterized by a smelly pus secretion. v [a4] have this sort of ear infection.

inggansa v [A; c1] {1} shift gears. Mag-inggansa gánì ka tumbi ang klats, If you shift gears step on the clutch. {2} insert one’s finger into the woman’s vagina (slang). Pag-abut sa ngitngit miinggansa dáyun ang laláki sa babáyi, When they came to a dark place, the man immediately inserted his finger into the woman’s vagina.

inggarasya humorous euphemism for disgrasya.

inggasti n setting of a gem. v {1} [A; a] make a setting for a gem. {2} [A; c] use as a setting for a gem.

inggit a for the voice to be shrill and high-pitched. Inggit ug tíngug si Lusing, Lucing speaks with a shrill voice. v [B2; c1] for the voice to become shrill and high-pitched. ka- n shrillness, sharpness.

ingglis = inglis.

inggrandi = in-grandi.

inggrasya humorous euphemism for disgrasya.

inggráta = inggrátu (female).

inggrátu a ingrate, ungrateful. Mu ba niy ímung ibálus nákù, ingratúha ka, Is this how you thank me, you ungrateful wretch. v [B12; b6] be, become an ingrate.

inggrísu v [A; b6(1)] turn in revenue or goods collected. Wà niya iinggrísu ang tanan níyang halin, He didn’t turn over all the revenue. n revenue.

inggwintu n ointment.

ing-iíng, ing-ing-íng onomatopoetic word to represent the sound of the music to suspenseful portions of movies, used by children in recounting s.t. to indicate the part that is suspenseful.

ingit v [a12] disappoint s.o. by not giving him what he expected. Ayaw ug túu nga hatágan ka kay ingitun ka lang, Don’t believe that you will get any because you will be disappointed.

ingkáhi n fine lace. v [A; b6(1)] decorate clothing with lace. Iningkahíang sinínà, A shirt trimmed with lace.

ingkantu_1 n supernatural beings that may show themselves in human form, usually handsome, European in appearance. They are said to live in dákit (banyan) trees or other natural features, and are harmless, but may take a liking to a human, having intercourse with him or kidnapping him. One can obtain the release of a kidnapped person by annoying the ingkantus, but if he has partaken of their food, he is unrecoverable. They inflict illness on anyone who disturbs their dwelling place. anak sa — albino person (thought to be the offspring of an ingkantu father and a human mother). ingkantuhánun = ingkantu. ingkantádu, ingkantáda n {1} belonging to an ingkantu. {2} having special, magical properties.

ingkantu_2 n name given to the weapon belonging to the giant in a moro-moro play, represented by fireworks.

ingkarga n materials or provisions issued to personnel. v [A; a] supply materials or provisions. Ingkargáhan (ingkargadúhan) ug yunipurmi ang mga witris, The waitresses are provided with uniforms. -da_1, -du_1 = ingkarga.

ingkargáda_2 = ingkargádu_2 (female).

ingkargádu_2 n person who is in charge of an enterprise or household in the absence of the owner; the overseer. Si Simyun ang ingkargádu ni Dun Manúlu sa íyang asyinda, Simeon is the overseer of Don Manolo’s plantation. v [B16; c1] be put in charge.

ingkárids v [A; a1] encourage.

*ingkásu — ug in case. Ingkásug wà siya, ibílin lang, In case he’s out, just leave it. paN- v [A2] prepare for some eventuality. Pagdá ug páyung pangingkásu bag muulan, Bring an umbrella in case it rains. pur- = ingkásu.

ingkib v [A; ab2] bite s.t. off. Ingkíba lang nang tansan kay way abridur, Just bite off the bottle cap because we don’t have an opener. n bite.

ingkit_1 v [A; a2b2] bite off a small piece with the front teeth. n bite.

ingkit_2 a fingers which are joined congenitally together. Upat ray íyang tudlù kay ingkit man ang kumingking sa paningsíngan, He has only four fingers because his little finger is joined to his ring finger.

ingkitadur see ingkitar_2.

ingkitar_1 v [AN; a12] talk s.o. into doing s.t., usually bad. Miingkitar (nangingkitar) siya sa ákung míd sa pagpabalhin sa íla, She lured my maid to move to her house.

*ingkitar_2 paN- v [A] inquire. — ug tabì look for s.t. to gossip about. Nanumbálay na sad ang tabian arun mangingkitar ug tábì, The tattler went visiting the neighbors to look for s.t. to gossip about. ingkitadur a inquisitive, fond of asking questions. Ingkitadur kaáyu nang tawhána mu rag imbistigadur, That man is so full of questions as though he were an investigator. ingkitadúra = ingkitadur (female).

ingku n title or term of address for a man considerably older than the speaker, usually used to related persons. v [A; a12] call s.o. by this term of address.

ingkud = lingkud (dialectal).

ingkurdun v [A; b(1)] {1} go s.w. in a file. Nag-ingkurdun ang mga baktin sunud sa anay, The piglets walk in file following their mother. {2} come in huge number as though in a file. Giingkurdúnan sa hulmígas ang kámay, Ants swarmed over the sugar.

ingkuwintru v [AC; c3] {1} meet on the way. Dì kaingkuwintrúhan ning karsadáha kay apíki, If you meet another vehicle on this road, you can not pass each other because it is too narrow. {2} meet to fight. Kuntra nga ámung gikaingkuwintru, The enemy we ran into. {2a} have a run-in. Nagkaingkuwintru mig ang ákung asáwa, My wife and I had a little run-in. {2b} go to have sex. Makig-ingkuwintru giyud siyag dunsilya, He wants to have an encounter with a virgin. n {1} s.o. or s.t. one meets. Wà muhátag lugar ang ingkuwintru, The truck we met on the way would not move over to let us by. {2} action of meeting. Halandúmun nga ingkuwintru, A memorable meeting. {3} encounter with an enemy.

ingkuy = ingku.

Inglatíra n England.

ingli n k.o. locally made salt obtained by dissolving ashes in seawater and evaporating it. v [A; b6c1] make rock salt of this sort.

inglis n {1} Englishman. {2} area in Cebu City (so called from an Englishman that used to live there). -in- n English language, spoken or written in English. v [A; c1] speak or write in English. †

in-grandi a for a social affair to be on grandiose scale. v [B26; c1] be grandiose. Muin-grandi ang piging kun gastúan, The party will be grandiose if you spend a lot. In-grandíhun giyud ang kasal, The wedding must be on a grand scale.

in-grátu = inggrátu.

in-gridiyinti n ingredient.

in-grísu = inggrísu.

íngug_1 a piercing and persistent in sound. Íngug kaáyu ang hadiyung sa radiyu, The humming in the radio is very annoying. v [b3] find s.t. unpleasant to hear. Ingúgan na ku ánang pagbalikbálik níyag isturya sa íyang pag-adtu sa Amirika, I’m bored constantly hearing her tell the same old things about her trip to the States.

íngug_2 v [b4] have an uneasy feeling when doing s.t. private in the presence of s.o. Íngúgan kug náay táwu sa duul ug malibang ku, I feel ill at ease when people are around while I’m defecating.

ingun_1 {1} like, similar. Ingun niíni ang íyang libru, His book was like this. dílì — nátù supernatural beings (lit. ones not like us). walay — incomparable, second to none. Usa siya ka magsusúlat nga walay ingun, He is a writer second to none. {1a} — sa [sentence] as though. Ingun sa nahugnù ang kalibútan, It was as though the world had collapsed. {2} sa — in such a way. Ngánung gibuhátan man ku nímu sa ingun? Why do you treat me like this? {2a} accordingly, in like manner. Sa ingun matawag pud nátù ug langgam ang kabug, In like manner we can also call bats birds. {2b} sa — niánà {2b1} accordingly. Sa ingun niánà, nadátù siya sa pamaligyà ug isdà, Accordingly, she became rich from selling fish. {2b2} in that case. Sa ingun niánà, dì na lang ku mupaúlì rung hápun, In that case I don’t have to go home this afternoon. {3} — man as well as. Kini suliran sa mga magbabalaud, ingun man sa mga lungsuránun, This is a problem for the lawmakers as well as for the citizens. Midalì ku ug tindug ingun man ang duha ka babáyi, I immediately stood up, and so did the two women. {4} — ka-[adjective] sa as [adjective] Ingun íni kadakù, It was as big as this. {5} — ngari, nganhà, nganhi, ngadtu with this (that) much distance. Naglingkud siya ingun ngadtu, ug diri pud ku, He was sitting that far away, while I was over here. v {1} [B126] be like. Maingun ka ug búang ánang sinináa, You will look like a madman in those clothes. Nag-ingun niíni ang patayng láwas, The dead body was like this. Naingun ka niíni tungud sa íyang sáad, You have become like this because of his promises. {2} [c1] do s.t. in [such-and-such] a way. Ug ingnun nímu siya íni pagkuput, dì siya makabuhì, If you hold him like this, he cannot escape. Giingnan ku níya ánà, He did like this to me. {3} [A12; b4(1)] give cause so as to result in s.t. Unsa may nakaingun sa inyung áway? What caused your quarrel? Unsa may naingnan (gikaingnan) sa inyung panagbúngul? What caused your quarrel? {4} [ma-, pagka-, inigka-] — ugmà on the following day, more or less. Pagkaingun ugmà u sunud ba hinug na nà, Tomorrow or the next day, it will be ripe. ingun-íngun somewhat like. Ingun-íngun ug báhù sa rúsas ning buláka, This flower smells somewhat like a rose. báhung ingun-íngun smells like the you know what (vagina) (humorous). v {1} [B25] be, become somewhat like or similar to. {1a} be rather bad. Bantug na lang nagkaingun-ingun ku, daugdaúgun lang ku, Because I’m reduced to this, people walk all over me. {2} [A13; a12] act, be like s.t. needlessly. Ngánung nag-ingun-ingun ka man niánà? Why are you acting that way? -in- v [A13] do likewise. Ábi kay magbinúang sila dì ka mag-iningun, Just because they are doing foolish things, that doesn’t mean you have to do the same. paka- v {1} [A13] cause oneself to be like. Ug muy ílang buhátun, dì ka magpakaingun, That’s what they might do, but don’t put yourself in the same category. {2} [a12] be thought to be. Pakaingnun kang bágis, They’ll think you’re a thug. gipaka- ug [gen.] ug (short forms: pakaingun, kaingun, ingun) it seemed to [gen.]. Gipakaingun ku (ingun ku) ug si Husi ka, I thought you were Joe. ingung ku, ingkug = gipakaingun ku. panag-, panig- v {1} [A2; b6] imitate: do like s.o. or make oneself like s.o. Dílì ta manig-ingun sa mga dátung mudagmal ug binatunan, We should not imitate the rich and mistreat our servants. Maáyu nga panig-ingnan (panag-ingnan) nímu si Isku kay buútan, You should emulate Esco because he is well-behaved. {2} [A; bc] compare one with s.t., consider him to be like s.t. Ayaw ku ipanag-ingun sa buáya, Don’t liken me to a crocodile. Si Risal ang ákung gipanag-ingnan sa maistru, I compared the teacher to Rizal. {3} [c] do s.o. the same way he did to s.o. else. Ayaw kug ipanag-ingun sa ímung anak, Don’t do me the same way you did your son. ka- n peer, one like s.o. else. Dílì ka manlimbung sa ímung isig ka ingun, Don’t cheat your fellow men. pagpakig-ingun-ingun n congenial relationship. Angay untà ang pagpakig-ingun-ingun nátù sa átung isig ka táwu, Each one of us ought to have good relations with our fellow men. tag-(←), tag- each one like. Ang bansíkul tag-ingug buktun, The tuna were each as big around as your arm. v [B1256] for each to turn out to be like.

ingun_2 v [A; b5c] {1} say, tell. Ingnun (ingnan) ta ikaw dáan sa dì pa ka maílad, I will tell you beforehand, before you get swindled. Mauy pagaingnun nga píling pílì sa pinilian paúlì, As the saying goes, be too choosy and get what s.o. else didn’t want. Ang ginaingun nga Insik mikágiw sa láing násud, The aforementioned Chinese escaped to another country. {2} [a12] said to be s.t. Ingnun ka unyang maut, You will be said to put on airs. Nagpadaladála siya ug libra arun ingnun siya nga istudiyanti, He carries books around so people will think he’s a student. pakaarun ingnun v [A13] {1} pretend. Apan siya nagpakaarun ingnun nga walà makakità nákù, But she pretended that she hadn’t seen me. {2} pretend, put on a front. Nagpakaarun ingnun siyang dátù, She pretends to be rich. n — sa pag-unsa s.t. said to hurt s.o.’s feelings. Dílì ni ingun sa pag-unsa, apan tinúud, I’m not saying this to hurt your feelings, but it’s true.

*ingun_3 pa- toward. Midágan siya paingun sa gawang, He ran toward the door. v {1} [A; c] head for. Ug mupaingun ang barku sa mabaw, masángad, If the boat heads for the shallows it will run aground. Ipaingun ngadtu ang sílit sa hús, Direct the water from the hose over there. {2} [b8] go to for help, resort to. Wà tay láing kapaingnan, We have no one else we can turn to.

íngus_1 v [A2S; b3] whimper. Muíngus ang ituy ug byáan, The puppy whimpers when you leave it alone.

íngus_2 a having the smell of urine. Íngus kaáyu ang banyu kay anhà mu sa salug mangíhì, The bathroom stinks because you urinate on the floor. v [B126] be, become ill-smelling.

ingus-ingus n k.o. peppery dish made from chicken intestines.

inhílir n inhaler.

inhiniríya, inhinyiríya n engineering.

inhinyíru n engineer. — miníru, sibil mining, civil engineer. v [B16; c1] be, become an engineer.

íni_1 be here (dialectal). Íni aku kay manghuwam untà kug kwarta, I am here to borrow money.

íni_2 n letter N.

inidúru = inudúru.

inig- prefix added to active verbs to form an abstract form meaning ‘when [so-and-so] happens’. Inig-abut níya, tawga ku, Call me when he arrives. Inigpalit nímu sa pán, When you buy the bread.

inigka- prefix added to stative verbs to form words meaning ‘when [so-and-so] happens to s.t.’. Inigkalútù sa kík, When the cake gets done. Inigkahúlug níya, When he falls.

iniksiyun = indyiksiyun.

inilus = hinilus. see hilus.

iníma n enema. v [A; b6(1)] give an enema.

íning n baseball inning.

Iníru n January. v see abril.

inislagan see islag_2.

ínit a {1} hot, warm to the touch. Ínit ang pán, The bread is still warm. Ínit kaáyu sa kwartu, It was very warm inside the room. Ay kug samúka kay ínit ang ákung ū́ run, Don’t disturb me. I’m rather hot-tempered today. {2} enthusiastic, heated, with vigorous concern. Ínit kaáyu ang piliay dinhi sa Pilipínas, The elections here in the Philippines are hotly contested. Ínit kaáyu ang ílang pagtinubágay, They had a heated argument. Ínit siyag tinagdan nákù, She entertained me with great warmth. {3} sunny and clear. Pagpáyung kay ínit, Use a parasol because it’s hot. — ang kwarta a money is so irresistible it will tempt people to get themselves into trouble for its sake. Ínit ang kwarta mau nga ang táwu nga mabuyu niíni kalagmítan mabanlud sa kadáut, Money is irresistible so that whoever succumbs to its temptation will likely be carried to misfortune. n {1} heat. Ang hinungaw sa ínit malagmit mauy nakadáut sa ímung mata, The sudden evaporation of heat from your body seems to have ruined your eyesight. {2} sun, as opposed to shade. Ayaw ihayhay sa ínit kay mulubad, Don’t hang it in the sun because it will fade. v {1} [AB; ab2] heat s.t., become hot. Nag-ínit na kug kapi, I’m heating some coffee. Muínit ang kwartu ug dì abríhan ang bintánà, The room will get too warm if you don’t open the windows. Imna ning litsi arun mainitan ímung tiyan, Drink this milk to warm your stomach. {1a} [B; b3] be in a bad mood about s.t. Nagkainit ang íyang buut nga nagkapildipildi sa súgal, He’s getting in more and more of a bad mood because he has been losing steadily in his gambling. Giinítan ku níya, He’s P.O.’d at me (I’m the reason he is P.O.’d). {1b} = paN-. {2} [B; ab3(1)] be heated up with enthusiasm. Sa nag-ínit na ang dúlà, Just as the game was getting exciting. Giinítan ku nang awtúha, I got all fired up about that car. {3} [B36; b6] for it to be a sunny day. Dúgay nang wà makaínit, The sun hasn’t shone for some time. {4} [AN] — ang kwarta sa kamut for money to remain in one’s possession for long. Dì muínit (mangínit) ang kwarta sa mga táwung diswildu, If you get a salary, you don’t keep your money for long—you spend it as you earn. paN- v [A2] get hot from some internal source. Wà mangínit ang makina, The machine didn’t heat up. Gitapin-an ku ang nagpanginit níyang láwas, I felt his feverish body. Adtu ka na? Wà pa gánì makapangínit ang ímung lubut, You’re leaving already? You haven’t even warmed your fanny (lit. your fanny hasn’t even had a chance to warm up yet). Nangínit ákung dalunggan pagkadungug sa insultu, My ears burned when I heard the insult. -ay v [C3] compete or fight in a heated manner. Bahálà nang magkumpitinsiya mu basta dì lang mag-initay, You may compete with each other, but not too heatedly. pa- n {1} s.t. one warms oneself with. {2} snack, usually in the afternoon. {2a} = ipa-. v [A; b6(1)] take one’s afternoon snack. ipa- n small tip (lit. s.t. to buy a snack with). Díay ipaínit nímu, dung, Here’s a tip for you, son. (←) v [A; b(1)] expose s.o. or oneself to the sun. Painiti ang bátà mabuntag, Expose the child to the sun every morning. pa-an(→) n place one can get snacks. ka- n {1} enthusiasm. {2} = ínit, n, 1. {3} = ka-un(→). ka-un(→) n degree of heat. -un(→) a easily angered. Initun ang táwung hayblad, A person with high blood pressure is short-tempered. v [B12] become short-tempered. ma-un {1} warm, affectionate. {2} enthusiastic, avid. Mainítun nga pagsúgat, Warm welcome. {3} heated, conducted with vigor. ting-(→) n hot season. v [B56] be the hot season.

inkáhi = ingkáhi.

inkargádu = ingkargádu_1, 2.

inklinar v [A; c1] tilt to one side. Niinklinar ug gamay dapit sa wala ang balay human sa línug, The house tilted a little to the left after the earthquake. Dì ku makainklinar sa ákung úlu kay nagtikig ákung líug, I can’t let my head tilt to the side because I have stiff neck.

inklúsu v {1} [A; b5c1] wall, put a fence around s.t. Inklusúha (iinklúsu) nang inyung gardin, Fence your garden. {2} [A; c1] include with the others. Inklusúha (iinklúsu) siya sa kíha, Include him in the lawsuit. {3} [A; b6c1] insert in a letter. Mahadluk kung muinklúsu ug kwarta sa subri, I’m afraid to enclose money in an envelope.

inkuwintru = ingkuwintru.

inkyubítur n incubator. v [c] put s.t. in an incubator.

inlards v [A; a] enlarge a photograph. -ir n photograph enlarger.

Inpísi n acronym for NPC, the National Press Club.

inpuntu = *impuntu.

inpurmir n informer, one who tips off the police. v [B16] be, become an informer.

inri n INRI, an inscription at the head of the cross.

inruk, inrúki v [A; c6] castle in chess. Iinrúki ang hárì kay namiligru, Castle the king because he is endangered. n castling.

inrúl v [A; c1] enroll s.o. in school. Ug makainrúl ug dúsi ipadáyun ang klási, This course will be given if at least twelve students enroll. pa- v [A; c] enroll oneself in a school, course. -min, -mint n {1} action of enrolling or registering in school. {2} number of people enrolled in a certain period. v [A13] hold an enrollment period.

insaláda (not without l) n salad. a meddling in other people’s affairs. Insaláda kaáyung pagkababáyi ang ákung ugángan, My mother-in-law is a meddlesome person. v {1} [A; c1] have, make a salad. {2} [A13] meddle in others’ affairs.

insayid n in bounds in a game. v [B126; c6P] be in bounds. Puntus na untà ug nainsayid pa tung búla, That would have been good if it had landed in bounds.

insayid dyab n inside job, robbery committed by s.o. employed in the place robbed.

insayklupidya n encyclopedia. v [A13; c16] make an encyclopedia.

insaymáda = insumáda.

insáyu n {1} rehearsal. {2} murumúru play. v {1} [AC12; c1] rehearse, cause s.o. to rehearse. Nag-insáyu siya sa íyang ipakigpúlung, He is rehearsing his speech. Ang maistra nag-insáyu sa mga bátà sa ílang sáyaw, The teacher is rehearsing her pupils for the dance. {2} [A; c1] stage a murumúru play. insayuhan, insayuhánan n place one rehearses or stages a murumúru play.

insi term of address to a related female older (usually much older) than the speaker. v [A; a12] call a woman insi.

insigniya n insignia. v [A; b6(1)] wear an insignia.

Insik n Chinaman, Chinese. Insik (insikun) kaáyu siyag mata, She has Chinese eyes. Pruduktu ni sa Insik, This is a Chinese product. -in- n {1} Chinese language. {2} anything done in Chinese style. v [A; c1] speak Chinese. ka-an {1} China. {2} Chinatown. {3} the Chinese as a group. -un a Chinese-like.

Insíka n Chinese woman.

insiktu n insect (used only in writing).

insíma v {1a} [B2C3] for two things to fail to be directly aligned or opposite each other. Nagkainsíma ang butúnis ug uhális, The buttons and the buttonholes are not directly opposite each other. {1b} [B456] for the eyes or line of vision to veer off. Miinsíma ang ákung tinan-awan paglabay sa siksing babáyi, My eyes veered to a sexy girl who passed by. {2} [AC; ab] exchange, interchange. Insimáha na ang inyung mga papil arun makakurihir na kamu, Exchange your papers so you can correct them. Insimáhan ku ning ákung sapátus ug láin. Mangítà pa kug iinsíma niíni, I will change these shoes for another. I will look for a pair to exchange them for.

insimáda = insumáda.

insinsaryu n censer, incense holder.

insinsu n {1} incense. {2} censer. v [A; b6(1)] burn incense.

insistǐr v [A2; b6(1)] insist. Ayawg insistiri ang ripiri nga nasayup siya, Don’t insist that the referee was wrong. Iinsistǐr giyud níya ang íyang sugyut bísag wà uyúni sa kadaghanan, He insists on following his idea although the majority did not favor it.

insiyur v [A; c1] issue or sell insurance. Maáyu giyug insiyúrun (iinsiyur) nang inyung balay sa súnug, It would be a good idea to have your house insured against fire. -d a {1} insured, covered with insurance. {2} for a woman to be no longer available, having a boy friend already. {3} sure shot in basketball. maN-r-, tig- n underwriter. paN- n selling insurance as an occupation.

inspiksiyun n inspection. Inspiksiyun na run sa mga timbangan sa mirkádu, They will inspect the scales in the market today. v [AN; a12] make an inspection or careful examination. Inspiksiyunun sa maistra ang kwadirnu, The teacher will inspect our notebooks. Hiinspiksiyunan sa prinsipal ang tinagúang mariwána, The principal came across the marijuana in his inspection.

inspiktur n inspector, official examiner. — sa sanidad sanitary inspector. v [B16; c16] be, become an inspector. Mag-inspiktur ku sa kustum, I’ll become a customs inspector.

inspirar v [A; a] give inspiration. Inspiraha siya sa pagpaningúhà, Inspire him to strive hard. Ang Bibliya giinspirahan sa Diyus, The Bible is inspired by God. inspirádu a inspired. inspirasiyun n inspiration.

instalar v {1} [A; c] install, fix s.t. in position for use. Wà pa mi instalahig tilipunu, Our telephone hasn’t been installed yet. {2} [A; c] install officers in clubs or some office not of high rank. instalasiyun n {1} installation of officers into office. {2} military installation.

institusyun n institution, an organization having a social, educational, or religious purpose.

institiyut n small private school on any level.

instruksiyun n instructions, directions. Sunda ang instruksiyun arun mahustu ang paggámit nímu, Follow the instructions so that you use it correctly. v [A; b6(1)] give instructions to.

instrumintu n {1} instrument. {2} instrument, means for bringing s.t. about. Akuy gihímù nílang instrumintu sa paghangyù sa mayur, They used me as a means for approaching the mayor. {3} musical instrument.

instul v [A; ac] {1} buy s.t. on installments, pay installments. Instulun (instulmínun) ngánì nímu, mas dakù kag mabáyad kay sa kás, If you buy it on installments you are going to pay more than if you had paid cash. Pilay ímung iinstul run? How big of an installment are you going to pay this time? {2} = instalar. -min, -mint n installment paid. v [c16] buy s.t. on installments.

*insular gubyirnu, kagamhánan — National government (from the usage in Spanish times when the government of the Philippines was called Gobierno insular to distinguish it from the Spanish government at home.

insultu v [AN; b5c] insult. n insult. †

insumáda n k.o. sweet, soft bread rolled into a spiral and covered with butter and powdered sugar. v [A; c1] make insumáda.

insumniya n insomnia.

insuriktu n insurgent against the Spanish government. v [B16; b6] be, become an insurgent. -s = insuriktu (plural).

insuy v [A123P; b4] {1} get sick from taking a bath after sexual intercourse. {2} for a wound to get infected from bathing. Giinsúyan ang ákung samad, My wound got infected.

intabládu n stage. v [c1] build a stage.

intap a afraid of s.o. for his superiority. Intap kaáyu ang mga buguy níya kay ísug siya, The thugs are very much afraid of him because he is fierce. v [B26; b3(1)] fear s.o. for his superiority. Gikaintápan nang ílang tím dinhi. Wà nay manúkul, Their team is most feared here. No one dares compete with them.

intáwun short form: táwun. {1} particle expressing or asking for pity. {1a} in statements. Daghan táwun ang namatay didtu, A lot of people died in that place. Mu man nà táwuy ákung panginabúhì, That’s what we live from, poor us. {1b} with imperatives: please, have mercy. Iúlì intáwun nà sa labing madalì, Please return that at the earliest possible time. {2} expressing humility: I don’t necessarily deserve s.t. good. Nahinumdum táwun siya nákù, He remembers me (though I am not important enough to be remembered). Nakadaug táwun ku, I won just by luck. {2a} with statement praising oneself, expressing humility. Kamau táwun ku ánà uy, I know how to do that. (I don’t think I’m great guns, but I do know how to do it.) {2b} with statements that a catastrophe hasn’t happened: through the mercy of the Lord. Wà táwun mi hitabuig iltur, We haven’t been hit by El Tor, thank God. {3} with a sharp denial, taking the sting out of the denial. ‘Anak nu ka sa gawas ni Pidru.’—‘Dílì, tawun uy,’ ‘They say you’re Pedro’s illegitimate son.’—‘Good heavens, no! (Have mercy, don’t think of that.)’ paN- v [A2S; b6] say intáwun. Nagpangintawun siya nga nanghulam nákù ug kwarta, He kept on saying ‘poor me’ as he was borrowing the money.

intil_1 v [B126; b6] for one’s growth to be stunted. Basta maintil ang táwu, hínayg túbù, A person whose growth is stunted does not grow fast.

intil_2 n clitoris.

intilhinti, intilihinti a intelligent. v [B12; b6] be, become intelligent.

intimánu = antimánu.

intinsiyun n intention, plan. Wà kuy intinsiyun nga mubakasiyun kay musámir man ku, I have no plans for taking a vacation because I’m planning to take summer classes. v {1} [a12] do s.t. intentionally. {2} [b4] do s.o. harm intentionally in basketball. Mihagbà si Panir kay giintinsiyunan man sa íyang paglusut, Paner hit the floor because s.o. tripped him as he drove into the basket.

intirbinir v [A; b(1)] interfere, get oneself involved in others’ affairs. Ayaw pag-intirbinir sa mga sulti sa dagkù, Don’t break in when grown-ups are talking. Nahúnung ang mainítung panaglális sa dihang giintirbinihan sa pulis, The quarrel came to a halt when the policeman intervened.

intirbintur n poll watcher.

intirbiyu v [A; a] interview s.o. Intirbiyuhun ka sad sa manidyǐr, The manager will interview you, too. n interview.

intiris_1 n interest, a feeling of concern or curiosity. Wà siyay intiris sa sabdyik, He has no interest in the subject. v {1} [A12; a] look at s.t. with an ulterior motive. Kwarta ray ílang giintiris nákù, Their only interest in me is my money. {2} [A23N; b] steal, do malicious damage. Ayawg byàbyái nang ímung radiyu. Daghan ra bay mangintiris dinhi, Don’t leave your radio around because there are lots of people that steal around here. Giintirisan ang ílang awtu, S.o. did malicious damage to their car. {2a} [b4] abuse s.o. sexually. Giintirisan pa giyud ang babáyi sa mga kawatan, The robbers also abused her sexually. -adu(←) a {1} interested, enthusiastic, feeling or showing interest or curiosity. Intirisádu kaáyu siyang mahibaw-an ang ákung sikrítu, She is very interested in knowing my secret. Intirisádu ka sa ímung pagtuun? Are you interested in your studies? {2} having an ulterior motive on s.t. Intirisádu kaáyu siya sa yútà kay patadlasag karsáda, He’s very interested in that land because they’re going to put a road through it. v [B126; b6] interested in s.t., or interested in acquiring s.t. -is(←) n property, holdings. Mugamut ang usa ka táwu sa usa ka lugar kun náa ang íyang mga intirísis, A person stays rooted in a place if he has property there.

intiris_2 n interest on a loan.

intiriyur a away from roads. Lisud pangitáun ang ílang báy kay intiriyur kaáyu, It is very difficult to locate their house because it is situated in the interior, away from the road. Ang intiriyur nga mga baryu, The barrios that are located away from the highway. v [B126; c1] be located far from the highway. n {1} inner tube. {2} bladder of an inflatable ball.

intir kurs n k.o. dance with sexual intercourse-like movements. v [A] dance this dance.

intirmidiya n grades 5, 6, 7 in school. v [B6; b(1)] be in the intermediate grades.

intirmidiyu situated halfway between two. Ang ámung balay intirmidiyu sa iskuylahan ug sa simbahan, Our house is located halfway between the school and the church.

intirmisyun n intermission, break. v {1} [A; b(1)] be intermission. Kinahanglang intirmisyunan nímu ang iskidyul nímu sa buntag, You have to take a break in the morning. {2} [A; b6(1)] give a number during the intermission of a performance.

intirn n medical intern. v [B16; b(1)] be an intern.

intirna n female student staying in a ritzy boarding school, finishing school. v [B36; c1] board in a finishing school.

intirnal a internal, esp. s.t. to be taken or applied inside the body. v [B126; c1] become, make s.t. internal. Intirnalun (iintirnal) ang pagtambal, Treat the patient with medicines to take internally. †

intirnasyunal a {1} international. {2} woman having had several children from different fathers, usually of different nationalities (humorous). Íya ra intáwun dì manakud, intirnasyunal kaáyu nang bayhána, God forbid it happen to anyone else. That woman has children from all different fathers. v [B12; b6c1] be, become international.

intirnu v {1} [A1; c1] keep in seclusion. Nag-unsa ka sa ímung lawak, nag-intirnu? What are you staying in your room for? Hiding? Iintirnu (intirnúhun) tika sa ímung kwartu kun magbinúang ka, I will lock you in your room if you fool around. {2} [B36; c1] be a boarder in school. Kung sa siminaryu ka mag-intirnu, dì ka giyud kaguwàgúwà, If you board in the seminary you aren’t allowed to leave the grounds. n {1} male student who boards at school. {2} medical intern.

intirpriti, intirpritir n interpreter. v [B16] be, become an interpreter.

intíru whole, complete, completely. Wà hikan-i ang kík kay intíru pa man, No one ate any of the cake because it is untouched. Dì giyud mairug ug hihunasag intíru, You can’t budge if you’re completely caught by the low tide. — adlaw, gabíi, búlan, etc. the whole day, night, month, etc. Wà siyay pahúlay intíru adlaw, He had no rest the whole day. — kwirpu a whole body length (said of a mirror glass). v {1} [B126] turn out to be whole. {2} [a] do s.t. to a whole of s.t. Ayawg intirúhag pula ang balay, Don’t make the whole house red. {3} [A; c1] do s.t. the whole length of a unit of time. Mag-intíru adlaw lang nà siyag bása, He reads the whole day. Intirúhun (iintíru) níya pagpatukar si Prank Sinatra sa íyang prugráma, He plays Frank Sinatra records throughout his radio program.

intiyíru see santu.

intiw = intil_2.

intra v {1} [A2; b6(1)] participate in a game, contest, and the like; indulge in, engage in s.t. Dì ku muintra sa inyung dúlà, I won’t join your game. Miintra siyag pamabáyi, He started to take up with a mistress. Nakaintra na kug pangutsíru, I’ve tried my hand driving a rig. Kining lábil ákung iintra sa ílang bunutbúnut, I’ll submit this label as an entry in their contest. {2} [A13; b] for s.t. to be taken up or indulged in as s.t. additional. Sukad muintra ang pamabáyi sa íyang nigusyu, sígi siyang nagkaalkansi, He’s been losing in his business ever since he started taking up with women as a sideline. Intráhig dagandágan ang ímung kuntra arun dì ka manak-áwut, Try taking to hit-and-run tactics against your opponent so that you won’t get knocked out. {3} [A; c] enter down in a record, list, diary, and the like. Ayaw iintra sa libru ang risíbung nawā̀, Don’t enter the lost receipts into the book.

intrabudyǔs = intrudyǔs (humorous).

intráda n {1} opening, beginning portion of. Ang intráda sa únang simistri Hulyu 15, The first day of classes for the first semester will be on July 15. Ang pasiuna náa sa intráda sa libru, The preface is in the first few pages of the book. {2} the front part of the foot, starting at where the foot widens before the toes. {2a} vamp, part of a boot or shoe covering the intráda. {3} area at the nape of the neck where one begins making the haircut. {4} entrance fee. — hiniral general admission in places of entertainment. {5} area that serves as an entrance. Salída ni. Túa sa pikas ang intráda, This is the exit. The entrance is on the other side. v {1} [a3b6(1)] be at the beginning. Ang simistri muintráda sa Lúnis, The semester starts on Monday. Giintradáhan ni Pilíta ug kinatsilang áwit ang íyang pasundáyag, Pilita started her show with a Spanish number. {2} [b6] put a vamp in a shoe. {3} [A; b] make the beginning cuts in a haircut. †

intrans n entrance fee in a school, portion of the fee students must pay upon registering. v {1} [A3] for a school to impose an entrance fee. {2} [A3; c] pay the entrance fee in school. — iksaminisyun n entrance examination. v [A13] hold an entrance examination.

intranti n persons who take part in a performance or contest. Ang mga intranti sa sáyaw, The participants in the dance program. Mga intranti sa karíra, Entrants in the horse race. v [B126; c1] be, become an entrant or participant.

intri for matters to be between, among. Ayawg apil adtung ílang lális kay intri ra kadtu nílang duha, Don’t mix into their quarrel because it is only between the two of them. Intri sa mga salmut sa banggà siya ang kinagwapahan, Among the contestants she is the most beautiful.

intribinir = intirbinir.

intribista n interview. v [A13] hold an interview. Mag-intribista run hápun sa mga aplikanti, They’ll hold an interview for all of the applicants this afternoon.

intribudyǔs = intrudyǔs (humorous).

intríga n intrigue. Kasína ug intríga mauy naghárì sa ílang punduk, Jealousy and intrigue dominate their group. v [A13] intrigue against s.o.

intrigar v [A; b6(1)] hand over or turn s.t. to s.o. personally, giving the responsibility of it. Way láing intrigahan kun dílì ang ginikánan, Don’t turn it over to anyone but the parents. Karun iintrigar nátù ang prugráma sa imsi, Now I turn the program over to your host. intrigádu a s.t. handed over and entrusted to s.o. Intrigádu ku tanan ang ákung swildu ngadtu sa ákung asáwa, My entire salary is handed over to my wife. Intrigádu ang ákung kalag ug láwas sa gugma nímu, Because of my love I have entrusted my body and soul to you.

intrígu = intrigar.

intrimitir v [A; b(1)] meddle in s.o. else’s affairs. Dì ta muintrimitir sa mga magtiáyung mag-áway, We should not meddle into a married couple’s quarrel. intrimitída, -u a meddling in others’ affairs.

intripiti = intirpriti.

intrisádu = intirisádu. see intiris_1.

intrisáli v [A13P; b(1)] for many people to go s.w. and leave again. Natural, mag-intrisáli giyud ang táwu dinhi kay tindáhan man, Of course, people come and go to this place because this is a store. Intrisalíhan sa táwu ang tindáhang hingusúgan sa pálit, People flock in and out of a store that does a brisk business.

intriyul, intriyur = intiriyur.

intru v [c6] throw the basketball from the end courts. n a throw in basketball from the end courts.

intrubudyǔs = intrudyǔs (humorous).

intrudyǔs v [A; c] introduce s.o. to s.o. else. Iintrudyǔs ku ánang ímung amíga bi, Introduce me to your lady friend.

intrunisar v [A; b(1)] carry out the ceremony of blessing and installing an image in a home or another building. intrunisasiyun n the enthronement of an image or statue in a place of honor in the house. v [A; b6(1)] do the enthronement.

intsards n person in charge of a class, enterprise, or any other group activity. Siya ang intsards dinhi sa klási, He is the one in charge in this class. v [B126; c] be in charge.

intunsis {1} therefore, consequently, the inescapable outcome is ... Intunsis, kay nakáun na man nímu, bayran giyud, Consequently, since you ate it, you have to pay for it. Intunsis magtuun ka arun dílì ka mahagbung, Therefore, you must study if you are not to flunk. {2} the conclusion we draw is ... Intunsis, wà diay ka sa klási ug wà ka kakità nákù didtu, So, you must not have been in class if you did not see me there. v [B1256] {1} go to waste: for an outlay to give no return, be put to useless effort, be damaged to the point of being useless. Naintunsis ang ákung tris míl adtung nigusyúha, In that venture I lost three thousand. Naintunsis kug báyad ug mahal sa ímung pagpasakitsákit, Because you pretended to be ill, I was made to go to a lot of needless expense. {1a} end up miserable. Naintunsis ang babáying gibyáang burus, The poor woman was ruined because she was made pregnant and abandoned. {2} ang — [A12] the only thing wrong is ... Ang nakaintunsis nímu kay gáhì kag úlu, The thing that’s wrong with you is that you are stubborn.

intus v [A; a] mill sugarcane. Kining intusána muintus ug lima ka iktaryang katubhan matag adlaw, This sugar mill can mill five hectares of sugarcane every day. -an(→) n {1} sugar mill. {2} cane crusher.

intuy = undù.

inudúru n toilet bowl. v [A; a] install, make into a toilet bowl.

inugurasiyun = inagurasiyun. see inagurar.

inuínu v [AP; a12] ingeniously devise ways to make s.t. do. Labihan nákung makainuínu nga ang singku muabut giyug usa ka adlaw, How I tried to devise ways to make five pesos last for one day. Giinuínu sa sastri nga muígù ang panaptun, The dressmaker devised ways to make the cloth go far enough.

inum v {1} [A; a2] drink. {2} [A2; a] drink liquor. Nagwandugwandug ang linaktan níya, nakainum tingáli, He’s wobbling. Maybe he had one too many. {3} [A; ab2] take medicine with water. Muinum siyag tablítas arun makatúg, He will take sleeping pills so that he can go to sleep. n action of drinking. (←) {4} [AC; c1] have a drinking spree. Ang dispirádu túa mag-ínum sa súd sa íyang kwartu, The despondent man is drinking heavily in his room. n drinking spree. imnanan v [A13] drink s.w. habitually. imnanan, ilimnan, ilimnanan, inúman n {1} drinking container. {2} place where one habitually drinks. hiN-(←) a {1} fond of drinking. Dì ku hingínum ug tubà, I don’t care too much for toddy. {2} drunkard. ma- n s.t. to drink, esp. alcoholic. pala-(←) a = hiN-, 2. ilimnun, imnunun n {1} alcoholic liquor or beverage. {2} any liquid for drinking. {3} folk medicine consisting of boiled herbs and roots taken orally. v [A; b] treat with boiled herbs or roots. Giilimnunan lang ang íyang hilánat, His fever was just treated with boiled herbs and roots.

inun-an = inun-únan. see un-un_1.

inunay see unay.

inúnay = kanyáhay.

inupung = alinupung.

inusinti, inusintis a {1} naive, innocent of the ways of the world. Inusinti ka sa palípat, pildi ka giyud, You’re not wise to thimblerig gambling, so you’ll lose. Inusinti pa siya sa mga babáyi, He’s innocent when it comes to women. {1a} harmless, not likely to think of doing misdeeds. Dì giyud siya muy nangíriw. Inusinti nà siya, She didn’t steal it. She’s a harmless sort. {1b} innocent of a joke played on one. Nasugamak sa binúang ang inusinti, The innocent fellow walked right into the trap. {2} people having no involvement but brought to harm through no fault of their own. Daghang mga inusinti ang naamung, Many innocent people were caught up in the catastrophe. {3} innocent, not guilty. {4} Innocents’ Day (December 28), The Philippine equivalent of April Fool’s. v {1} [B12; a2] be, become innocent. {2} [A; a12] fool s.o. on Innocents’ Day.

inut a close-fisted to the point of not spending for the barest necessities. v [B12; b6] get to be close-fisted. inut-ínut v [A; b5c1] spend money or use s.t. sparingly. Ug kamau ka muinut-ínut sa ímung kwarta, dì ka giyud kahutdan, If you know how to spend your money sparingly, you won’t run out. Inut-inúti (inut-inúta) ang pagtabakù kay wà ka ra bay swildu, Go easy on the smokes. You aren’t earning any money. -an = inut.

inútil n {1} invalid, disabled. Inútil siya human sa aksidinti, He was disabled after the accident. Inútil ang ákung buktun, My arm is completely disabled. {2} worthless person. Líhuk mung mga inutíla mu, Get a move on, you worthless bums. {3} wash-out, one who passed his peak. Inútil na nang artistáha, That actress is a has-been. v [B126; a] be, become disabled. Inutílun ba nímu ang ímung anak ug kinastígu? Do you want to cripple your child with that punishment?

inyam n k.o. tree.

inyiksiyun = indyiksiyun.

inyu see kamu.

ipak v [A; a] split, break a piece off of s.t. hard, divide into pieces. Mag-ipak kug káhuy, I’ll chop off a piece of firewood. Giipak ang kamúti kay dakù kaáyu, She broke the yam into pieces because it was too big. Íyang ipakun ang mga kawáyan nga isalug, He’ll split the bamboo poles to use for flooring. n a piece chopped, split or broken off from.

íp buy an expression uttered when lifting s.t. heavy. Íp buy, kabug-at na niíning batáa, Uup, how heavy this child has grown.

ípi = ígi_1, *ígi_2.

ipidimya n epidemic of some disease. v [B16] be, become an epidemic disease.

ipikasint n efficascent oil, patent medicinal oil. — úwil = ipikasint.

*ipik way — ineffective (humorous).

ipiktar v [A; b4(1)] effect an outcome on s.t. Miipiktar na sa lungsud ang subrang gastu sa iliksiyun, Spending too much on the elections is now having its repercussions on the country. Nag-ipiktar na ug súgud ang anistisya, The anesthesia is beginning to take effect now. ipiktádu be adversely affected by. Ipiktádu ang átung ikunumíya sa kangil-ad sa pamunúan, The economy suffers the consequences of a corrupt administration.

ipiktíbu a {1} effective, having results. Ipiktíbu nga tambal, Effective medicine. {2} effective, taking effect at a specified time. Ipiktíbu karung adláwa, wà nay mga háyup nga buhían, Effective today, no animals will be permitted to wander loose. v [B12; c1] come to have effect. Maipiktíbu ning tambála ug tumarun káda adlaw, This medicine will be effective if you take it daily.

ipiktu n effect. Way ipiktu nákù ang mariwána, Marijuana has no effect on me. v [A2; b4] take effect. Ang tambal muipiktu usa ka úras human sa pag-indyiksiyun, The medicine takes effect one hour after the injection.

ipiktus n {1} personal belongings. {2} various goods or commodities for sale. {3} various cargoes or load.

ipil n k.o. large hardwood tree of the primary or secondary forest, furnishing yellowish lumber and a dye from the bark: Intsia bijuga. ipil-ípil = byatilis.

ipiliptiku a epileptic. v [B126] be, become an epileptic.

ípis v [A; b6(1)] pour liquid into a container, esp. for drinking. Iípis ring payn-ápul dyus sa mga básu, Pour the pineapple juice into the glasses. n action of pouring. -anan n glass into which drinks are poured and passed around in drinking sprees. tig-(←) n one who does the pouring for the others esp. in a drinking spree.

ipistula n Epistle of the Bible, section of the mass where the Epistle is read. v [A1] read the Epistle. Wà pa mag-ipistula sa pag-abut níya sa simbahan, They hadn’t gotten to the Epistle when he arrived in church.

ipit, ípit v {1} [A; ab2] jam, wedged in between two things. Ipitun ang linidgid nga kamúting káhuy arun pagkúhà sa dugà, They press the cassava to get the poisonous liquid out. Naipitan (naipit) ang íyang kurbáta sa húnus, His tie was caught in the drawer. {2} [a3] be caught and be forced into marrying a girl (slang). Ákù lang siyang giduwàduwáan hangtud naípit núun ku, I was just playing around with her, but I got cornered into marrying her.

íp lay = íp buy.

iplì = hiplì.

iprun n apron, garment worn to protect one’s clothing. v [A; a] wear, make an apron.

ipsut v [A2; b6] {1} escape from a guard through inattention on his part. Miipsut siya sa magbalantay, He escaped from his guard. Wà makaipsut sa íyang mga mata ang sayup nga ispíling, The spelling error did not escape his attention. {2} get out of doing s.t. Dì ta makaipsut sa amutan, We cannot get out of paying our share. {3} slip out of s.t. that is holding it. Nakaipsut ang isdang ákung gigunítan, The fish I was holding slipped out of my hand. Gamayng lungag sa bulsa ang giipsútan sa ákung kwarta, My money slipped through a small hole in my pocket.

ipù_1 v [A; a] break off from an attachment without using much force. Naipù ang gunitánan sa tása, The handle broke off the cup. Mahímung ipuun ang mais bísan anagun pa, You can pick corn even before it is mature. n s.t. picked from the tree. Tagak kahà nà? Dì kahà nà ipù sa punúan? Are you sure you just found that fruit on the ground? Didn’t you pick it from the tree?

ipù_2 v [c1] be driven, sink all the way in. Muipù (maipù) nang hasuk sa yútà kun ímung tumban, The peg will be driven all the way into the ground if you step on it. Kinsay nag-ipù sa sundang sa punúan sa ságing? Who stuck the bolo all the way into the trunk of the banana plant?

ipukrita = ipukritu (female).

ipukritu a hypocrite. v [B1; b6] be, become a hypocrite.

ipun v [A2C; c] {1} do s.t. together with s.o. as he does it. Muípun ku sa inyung dyip, Let’s go together in the same jeep. Muípun ku ninyug káun, Let me bring my lunch over to sit with you while you eat. {1a} put things together. Iípun ra ang ákung bálun sa ímung bag, Let me stick my lunch in your bag. {2} live or stay with s.o. Muípun ang bag-ung minyù sa ílang ginikánan, The newly-weds will stay with their parents. {2a} live as man and wife without being married. Ang babáyi nga makig-ípun ug laláki nawad-an na sa kaúlaw, A woman who asks a man to live with her has lost all feelings of shame. {3} mingle with. Dì ta makaípun sa ílang punduk kay mga asyúsu, We cannot mingle with their group because they are snobs.

ípus n k.o. small cockroach ¼″ to ½″ long with an orange-brown color.

ipus-ipus n {1} name given to various coral fishes similar to burayburay. {2} k.o. white and brown edible rock shell.

iputíka v [A] mortgage. Dílì ka makaiputíka sa yútà nga balahinun pa sa mga iridíru, You cannot mortgage land that is to be divided by the heirs.

IR5 = ay-ar payib.

-íra {1} = -íru (female). {2} affix added to nouns referring to s.t. kept and dispensed regularly to form nouns referring to the container. Habuníra, Soap dish. Kapitíra, Coffee pot.

irad a having a stomach that sticks out very much. Irad ang kasagáran sa mabdus, Most pregnant women have a stomach that sticks forward. v [B] getting a stomach that sticks out.

irag v [A; b6(1)] lean back on. Kanúnay nátung makítà ang Miksikánu nga mag-irag sa punúan sa káhuy, We always see Mexicans leaning back asleep on a tree.

iráid n delicacy made of finely grated cassava or sweet potatoes with coconut juice and sugar, wrapped in banana leaves, shaped into sticks, and cooked in steam. v [A; a] make iráid.

íras v [A; c1] germinate seeds before planting them in their permanent place. Irása (iiras) usà nang mga lísu únà luyúnga, Germinate the seeds first, then transplant them. -an(→) n seedbed used for germination. -in- n seedlings grown from small seeds.

*íray nag-/magdala sa — spoil an otherwise perfect performance by ineptness. Nindut untà musáyaw ang kadaghánan, apan nagdá lang tu sa íray ang usa, The dancers put on a good performance, only one spoiled it all with his awkward steps.

irbabuyna = hirbubuyna.

irbras n k.o. atomizer operated by compressed air and used for spraying paint. v [A; c1] paint with an airbrush.

irbubuyna = hirbubuyna.

irbularyu = arbularyu.

irgat a {1} for a woman to be pretentious in actions, putting on airs and showing contempt for ordinary people. Irgat kaáyu nang bayhána, dì giyud musul-ub ug sapátus nga baratuhun, That woman is haughty. She won’t wear cheap shoes at all. {2} forward and immodest in behavior toward men. Irgat kaáyu nang bayhána. Magduuldúul ug láki, That girl is forward. She makes advances to men. v [B; c1] be, become haughty or immodest in behavior.

irgu_1 v [A2C; ab3] argue, debate heatedly. Makig-irgu ka man sa tindíra nga ímu man tung sayup, Why do you argue with the sales clerk when it was your fault? n heated argument.

irgu_2 therefore, as a consequence we may conclude that. Miingun ka wà ka mulakaw. Irgu, dihà ra ka sa balay, You said you did not leave. Therefore, you were in the house.

irgutína n k.o. medicine to prevent hemorrhage after childbirth.

irgu trit n ergot, k.o. drug to make the muscles contract.

íri n letter R.

írid n air-raid shelter. — syiltir = írid. v {1} [A; b] build an air-raid shelter. {2} [cP] put in an air-raid shelter. pa- v [A; c] go to, put in an air-raid shelter.

iridar v [AN2; a12] inherit property. Kinsay muiridar (mangiridar) sa yútà ug wà muy anak? Who will inherit the land if you have no children? iridíra = iridíru (female). iridíru n heir. v [B126] be, become an heir.

irigar v [A; b(1)] {1} administer a vaginal douche to oneself or s.o. else. {2} irrigate the sinuses. irigasiyun n irrigation.

irigular a {1} uneven in occurrence or succession. Irigular ang íyang rigla, Her menstruation is irregular. {2} irregular in school, not taking the usual prescribed subjects. Irigular ku nga tird yir kay dúna pa man kuy bálik sa sikan yir, I’m an irregular third year student because I have to repeat a course in the second year. v {1} [B; c1] be, become irregular. Ug iirigular (irigularun) nímu ang instulmin, lagmit maimbargu, If you are not regular in paying your installments, it might be repossessed. {2} [B16; b6] be, become an irregular student.

irihinsiya = irinsiya.

iríhis a {1} infidel or s.o. who does not believe in Christ. {1a} unbaptized person (humorous). {2} not having attended service during a Sunday or a holiday of obligation (slang). Iríhis pa ni si Nituy kay wà pa kasimba, Nitoy is still a heretic because he hasn’t gone to church yet. {3} ignorant of the ways of the world. Iríhis gud nímu dì ka man mukáug kísu, What an ignoramus you are. You don’t eat cheese. v [B12; c1] {1} be, become an infidel. {2} be, become ignorant.

iring n cat. iring-iring n = kandingkanding. see kanding. -un cat-like. íhung -un k.o. shark with a broad and rounded head: Rhina ancyclostoma.

irinsiya n inheritance. v [A2N; a] receive an inheritance.

iris v [A; a] erase. Irisa ang blakburd, Erase the blackboard. -in-an n {1} erasure. {2} place an erasure was made. -ir(←) n eraser. v [A23; b6(1)] use an eraser.

irisipilas = paylas.

irispunsabli a irresponsible, lacking a sense of responsibility. v [B12] be, become irresponsible.

iritar v [B126] for a wound to get infected. Nairitar ang ákung samad kay wà tabúni, My wound was not covered, and it got infected. iritasiyun n irritation at a particular spot on the skin or in the body.

irkun n {1} air-conditioner. {2} = irkundisyun.

irkundisyun a air-conditioned. Irkundisyun ang sinihan, The movie theater is air-conditioned. v [A; a] air-condition s.t. -ir = irkun.

irmad = irmat.

irmána n {1} female member of a religious group of devotees to a particular saint. {2} woman who is in charge of raising the funds for a religious celebration and who makes up the difference between the amount collected and the costs. v {1} [B156] become a member of a religious sorority. {2} [B3(1); c1] become the sponsor of a religious celebration. — mayur n {1} mother superior. {2} = irmána, 2. v [a3] {1} be made the mother superior. {2} = irmána, 2.

irmánu = irmána, n2, v2 (male). — mayur = irmánu.

*irmánus [proper name] — [name] and Co. Limbumping Irmánus, Lim Bonfing and Co.

irmat n mother (slang). v [A12; b2] have a mother (slang).

irmil n air mail. v [c1] send by air mail.

irmitanyu n hermit. v [B16; b6c1] be, become a hermit.

irniya = hirniya.

irpad = irpat.

irpákit n air pocket. v [B46] for there to be an air pocket.

irpat n father (slang). v [A12; b2] have a father (slang).

irpun n earphones. v [A; a] use earphones.

irpurt n airport.

irsisyu = ihirsisyu_2.

irù n dog. suul sa — stomach spasm. Nagligidligid siya sa kasakit kay dúna siyay suul sa irù, He was doubled up in pain because he had stomach cramps. dílì makáun ug — treating people in an unacceptable and completely obnoxious way. Kasábà nga dílì makáug irù, A scolding not even acceptable for a dog (harsh and ranging far beyond the alleged offense). {a} greedy to the point of eating food which people ordinarily wouldn’t eat. Kay irù ka man mukáun ka sa ransiyung karni, Because you are so gluttonous, you’ll even eat rancid meat. {b} greedy over s.t. one loves very much. Irù kaáyu siyag sini, She loves movies very much. — nga daug a cowardly, yellow. v {1} [B12; b6] be, become gluttonous. {2} [B126] become a slave to an overpowering emotion (become oblivious to shame, like a dog). Gugma mauy nakairù (nakapairù) sa aláut nga babáyi, Love had made the poor woman a slave to her passions. (←) v [A; a12] make notions of giving s.t. but actually not doing so. Ayaw kug irúa. Ug ihátag, ihátag. Ug dílì, ayaw, Don’t you make pretenses of giving. If you want to give it to me, give it. If not, don’t. -in- v [A; a12] do s.t. like a dog. Ganáhan siya muinirù, silbing palain, She wants to do the dog position for variety. irùírù v [A; b5] court a woman by hanging around her. Nag-irùírù nà siya nákù sa dága pa ku, He used to hang around me when I was still single. n broken-off piece of white coral, roughly resembling a dog in shape. irùirúay n k.o. game in which the players throw a stone at a can in a circle and try to knock it out.

-íru {1} affix added to words referring to an action not approved of to form adjectives meaning ‘one who is fond of engaging in [such-and-such] an action’. Salsalíru, One who is fond of masturbating. Hambugíru, Braggart. {2} added to words referring to things with which one can make his living to form nouns which mean ‘one who engages in [such-and-such] an occupation’. Lab-asíru, Fish vendor. Labandíru, Laundryman.

irug v {1} [AB3; c1] move, cause s.t. to do so. Akuy miirug sa bangkù dapit sa bungbung, I moved the chair towards the wall. Nag-irug ba nang barku sa lawud? Is that ship in the ocean moving? Iruga (iirug) ug diyútay ang sud-an ngari, Move the plate of food over here. {2} make progress, move ahead in time. Sáma lang sa wà muirug ang íyang idad, She looks as though she hasn’t gotten any older. Wà giyud muirug ang ámung kahimtang, Our financial condition has made no progress. {3} budge from one’s belief. Dì ni giyud siya mairug sa íyang disisiyun, He cannot be moved from his decision. n progress, advancement. Gamay rag irug ang kauswágan sa lungsud, The town has undergone little progress.

iruk v [A; a12] squeeze nits, lice on the head with the thumbnail or perform a similar action to relieve itching. Igka giyud ang lusà arun dì mamusà, Squash the nits so they won’t hatch. Igka ring katul sa ákung ū́, Squeeze this itching spot on my head.

isa_1 = usa_1 (dialectal).

isa_2 short for iása. see ása_1.

ísa v {1} [APB3; a] raise, rise. Ang kadíti mauy nag-ísa sa bandílà, The cadet raised the flag. Miísa ang íyang kílay sa kahingangha, She raised her brows in surprise. Iísa (isáha) na ang báling, Hoist the nets. {2} [AB2; c1] increase in value, amount. Muísa (maísa) na sad ang prisyu, The price is going up again. {3} [A2B26; c1] increase in degree, intensity. Muísa (maísa) dáyun nang íyang tíngug ug masukù, His voice rises when he is angry. {4} [A2B2; c1] rise, raise in position. Nagkaisa ang íyang ranggu kay maáyu mang mutrabáhu, He is gradually rising in rank because he works well. n increase in degree, quantity, value.

isà v [B3(1)46] for a wound or skin ailment to develop water or watery pus. Dílì makaisà ang núka basta kanúnayng hunáran, The sore won’t secrete water if it is cleaned and dressed regularly.

ísà short form: sà. {1} wait a second. Ísà pa kay pangutan-un pa nákù si Lurdis, Just a minute. I’ll ask Lourdes first. Ísà pa ha kay ákung tawgun, Just a second. I’ll call her. {1a} — ka run, You just wait. I’ll get you! {2} expression used upon changing a subject: by the way. Ísà pa, tagadiin tu ka? By the way, where did you say you come from?

isab = usab (dialectal).

isang dakut na bigas n k.o. branched, spreading herb found in damp places and grown as an ornamental in hanging pots: Pilea microphylla, var.

isdà (from sulà) n fish. v [A12] have fish. paN- v [A2; b6(1)] go fishing. n {1} fishing as a means of livelihood. {2} fishing equipment. pinaN-an n catch of fish. Ang ílang gisuwà pinangisdáan sa amahan, They’re eating the father’s catch for dinner. -an n fishpond. a having fish. Isdáan si Husi kay nakapangisdà man gabíi, Jose has lots of fish because he went fishing last night. -ánun a teeming with fish. Isdaánun kaáyu ang kadagátan sa Pilipínas, The Philippine seas are teeming with fish. maN-r- n fisherman. — sa batu fish found in rocky places. — sa hapun name given to the bilásun, a fish formerly widely sold by Japanese fishermen. †

isdug = irug.

isdyi n ten, ten centavos or ten pesos (slang). v {1} [A12] get ten centavos or pesos. Nakaisdyi ku sa madyung, I won ten pesos in mahjong. {2} [B26] be, become ten centavos or pesos.

isi, ísi_1 = ási.

ísi_2 n harpoon. v {1} [A; a12] catch with, make into a harpoon. Isíhun ku ang sánga, I’ll harpoon the manta ray.

ísi_3 n letter S. †

ísi_4 take it easy. Ísi lang bay, ayg kasukù, Take it easy. Don’t get angry. isiísi_1 v [A; c1] take things or people for granted, lightly. À, mag-isiísi man lang nga muiskuyla. Wà mang gániy nutbuk, He goes to school without even a notebook. He’s taking his schooling for granted. Isiisíhun (iisiísi) lang ang mga linibulibug pildi sa búlang sa mga sugarul nga tahur, Big time gamblers don’t mind losing by the thousands in the cockpit.

ísi riturn n an easy return to the server.

*isig {1} — ka [noun] one’s fellow [noun]. Ang isig nímu ka mananagat, Your fellow fisherman. {2} — [verb base] each do [verb] to his own. Isig paúlì ang mga táwu, They each returned to their respective homes. v [A13] each [do]. Nag-isig paúlì (nagsigpaúlì) ang mga táwu, They each returned to their respective homes.

isig-isig v {1} [A; a12] rush s.o. into doing s.t. Dì siya gustung magpatúlì apan giisig-isig siya sa mga biaybíay, He didn’t want to get circumcised, but he was goaded on by the taunts of his playmates. {2} order s.o. about and put him down at the same time. ‘Unsay kalibútan mu ánà. Tumána lang ákung súgù,’ nag-isig-isig ang inaína, ‘What do you know about that? Just do what you’re told,’ said the stepmother in her high-handed way. {3} treat cruelly. Giisig-isig sa inaína ang mga bátà, The stepmother treated the children cruelly. isig-isigun, maisig-isigun a tending to rush or push around, characterized by doing so.

isiisi = isig-isig.

isiísi_2 v [A3; b] play hard to get when one intends to agree. Ayaw isiisíhi nang nangulitawu nímu kay makabuhì, Don’t play hard to get. He might just slip away.

isína n scene in a play, motion picture.

ising-ising v [A; c15] avoid the company of s.o. from whom one feels one can get nothing, discard a friend or relative whom one finds no longer useful. Íla na lang ku nga ising-isingun (iising-ising) kay wà na man kuy kapuslánan, They’ll avoid me now, for I’m no longer of any use to them.

ísip v [A; a2] {1} count s.t. Isípa ang suklì kun hustu ba, Count your change to see it’s correct. {1a} count and remember favors one does for s.o. Isípun pa giyud níya hasta ang dunut nga sinínang gihátag, He remembers his favors, even the ragged shirt he gave me. {1b} consider, treat s.t. or s.o. as s.t. Giísip ku siyang anak, I treat him like a son. n {1} in the role, function of. Mutábang giyud ku sa ákung ginikánan ísip usa ka anak, I have to help my parents as a good son. Muhawuk aku sa kamut ni Lúlu ísip usa ka pagtáhud, I kiss my grandpa’s hands as a sign of respect. Nangáyù siyag kinhasun ísip íyang sud-an, He asked for shells as food. {2} — [number] number [so-and-so]. Misúd siya sa lawak ísip katursi, He entered room number 14. -an a one who compares his favors done with those he received to see if anyone got advantage over him. v [B12; b6] get to be a sort who counts and weighs favors. ka-an n mind, seat of consciousness, intellect. Daghan kaáyung mga hitabù nga misámuk sa íyang kaisípan, Many events are troubling his mind. ma- a {1} wise, learned. Tulu ka maísip nga hárì, Three wise kings. {2} prudent, thinking before acting. v [B16; b6] be, become wise, prudent. Magmaísip ka na untà karung dakù ka na, I hope you will be prudent in your ways now that you are old enough. -l-an n mind. Itisuk sa inyung ilisípan ang gitudlù kaninyu, Bear in mind what you have been taught. paN- n sense, way of thinking. May pangísip ka na man, You’re old enough to have common sense. Ang íyang pangísip bátà pa bisag dakù na siyag idad, He has a child’s mentality even though he is chronologically old.

is-is a having a fine and smooth complexion. v [A2PB; c1] become fine and smooth in complexion, cause it to be so. Muis-is (mais-is) ang pánit mug kanúnay kang hustug túg, You will develop a good complexion if you always get sufficient sleep. ka- n whiteness. Miámag pag-áyu ang kais-is sa mga batu nga gidan-ágan sa mabugnawng sílaw sa búlan, The stones glowed with whiteness under the pale moonlight.

iskabitsi n escabeche, fried fish with a sour sauce. v [A; c1] make escabeche.

iskála n stop-over. v [A; b6(1)] make a stop-over. Muiskála ang barku sa Kagayan sa dì pa muadtu sa Ilígan, The boat makes a stop-over in Cagayan before proceeding to Iligan.

iskalanti = kardába.

iskálar n recipient of a scholarship. v [B16; b6] be, become a scholarship awardee.

iskalarsyip n scholarship.

iskalipsi n eclipse. v [B; b4] be an eclipse.

iskalíra_1 n staircase.

iskalíra_2 n in mahjong, a set of consecutive pieces of the same design, numbered from 1–9. — plásis hand in mahjong consisting of an iskalíra plus two dragúnis or bintus. — ruyal n hand in mahjong consisting of an iskalíra plus an eye (ay_4) of the same design as the iskalíra and two other pieces of the same design.

iskalítur n escalator. v {1} [A13] ride the escalator. {2} [b(1)] install an escalator.

iskandalu a scandal, scandalous, s.t. that shocks the moral feelings of a community. v [A13B12; b6] become a scandal, make a scene. Mag-iskandalu kug musyágit kang bayhána ka, I’ll make a scene if you scream, woman. Maiskandalu nang inyung transaksiyun ug hisakpan, Your shady transactions will be a public scandal if you get caught. -sa(←) a scandalous (female). -su(←) a scandalous (male).

iskapadur a one who gets out of responsibility. Si Lítu iskapadur kaáyu sa trabáhu sa báy, Lito bugs out of household chores. Iskapadur siya sa klási, He cuts classes. v [B12; b6] be, become an evader.

iskapal, iskapar = iskápu, v1, 2, 3.

iskaparáti n display window, showcase. v {1} [b6(1)] install a showcase or display window. {2} [A; c] display s.t. in a showcase.

iskapaturya n way of escape. Wà kay iskapaturya ug gipangità kang Al Kapun, There’s no escape if Al Capone is looking for you.

iskápu v [A2; b(1)] {1} escape. Gustu siyang muiskápu sa bilangguan, He wants to escape from prison. {2} escape by artful or slippery dodges. Muiskápu giyud siya ug pit-un nag pangutána, He knows how to get out of it if you press him with questions. Dílì ka makaiskápu sa ákung suntuk, You can’t evade my blows. {3} evade responsibilities. Dílì ta makaiskápu sa mga amutan, We can’t evade making our contribution. {4} cut s.t. one is supposed to attend. Kung iskapúhan nímu ang inyung klási suspindirun giyud ka, If you cut classes you’ll be suspended. n escapee.

iskapularyu n two images worn on one’s front and back suspended by pieces of cloth or string, worn as a token of religious devotion. v [A; c6] wear such images.

iskarp n scarf. v [AC12; c6] wear a scarf.

iskats n scotch whisky. — típ n scotch tape. v [b6(1)] use scotch tape on.

iskáwut n {1} member of the Philippine Scouts, an outfit composed of Filipinos under the command of the U.S. Army, during World War II. {2} boy, girl scout. buy, gil, kab — Boy, Girl, Cub Scout. — lídir, wik Scout leader, week. v [B16; c16] be, become a member of the Philippine Scouts or a boy or girl scout.

iskay is da (di) limit a s.t. for which one spends with no limits. v [A; c1] consume without any limit. Iiskay is da límit ba nang ímung pangumpra? What are you going to do? Buy, the sky is the limit?

iskidyul n schedule. v [A; c1] schedule s.t.

iskilibinti = iskribyinti.

iskilipsi = iskalipsi.

iskilitun n {1} sandals or shoes consisting of straps with no sides. {2} framework of a house. v [A13] wear skeleton-like shoes.

iskína n {1} corner. Iskína lang dung, Let me off at the corner, driver. Ang iskína sa kahun, The corner of the box. {2} block, one side of a city square. Duha ka iskína gíkan dinhi, Two blocks from here. babáyi sa — n a cheap woman. Kanang puwa kaáyu nímu nga lipistik mu ra kag babáyi sa iskína, With that red lipstick you look like a cheap hussy. v {1} [b(1)] make a rectangular corner on the edge, end of. {2} [c16] do s.t. at the corner. Iskináha paglansang ang kwadru, Nail the picture frame on the corners. paN- v [A2; b(1)] negotiate a route by going around instead of taking a more direct route. Nangiskína siya sa íyang pagpadúng nganhi kay ngitngit sa lakturánan, He went round about in coming here because the straight route is too dark. -du a rectangular. Kanang tambal nga binisayà, maáyu lang nà niadtu sa iskinádu pa ang ligid, Visayan folk medicine was only good long ago, when they used square wheels. v [B124; c1] be, become rectangular.

iskiníta n the place where two small paths meet.

iskiping rup n skip rope, the game or rope. v [AC] skip rope.

iskir a brisk and alert in movement. Iskir siyang milihay, He ducked cleverly. Iskir pa bísag tigúwang na, He is still spry, even at his age. v [B; c] be quick and brisk in movement. Nagkaiskir na ang irù nga nagluya human indiksiyuni, The sick dog grew slowly more active after he was given a shot.

iskiríma = iskríma.

iskirul n {1} scab, a worker who refuses to strike, or who takes the place of a striking worker. {2} prostitute. v {1} [B36; c1] be, become a prostitute. paN- v [A2; b6(1)] {1} patronize prostitutes. {2} work as a prostitute.

iskiyus = ikskiyus.

isklibinti = iskribyinti.

isklimintǎr = iskrimintǎr.

isklipsi = iskalipsi.

iskrab v [A; b5] scrub, rub clean with a brush. Iskrábig (iskrábag) maáyu ang ímung salug, Scrub the floor hard.

iskrábul n game of scrabble. v [AC; b(1)] play scrabble.

iskram_1 v [A] cram for an exam.

iskrats_1 n scratch paper. — pípar = iskrats_1.

iskrats_2 n in pool, the situation when a cue ball gets into one of the pockets. The shot is not counted as the player loses the ball. v [B26] for this situation to obtain in pool.

iskríba n scribe.

iskribánu n clerk of court. v [B1256; a12] be, make into a clerk of court.

iskribinti, iskribyinti n clerk, esp. a government clerk. v [B16; c1] be, become a clerk.

iskríma n native fencing, using two canes or a cane and a pointed bolo or dagger. v [AC; b(1)] {1} fence. {2} [A; c] gesticulate while talking. Muiskríma ang íyang kamut samtang mag-isturya, His hands gesture wildly while he talks. {3} [A3] struggle to make s.t. do against odds, contrive to deal with a difficult financial situation. Ang mga kabus síging nag-iskríma sa panginabúhì, The poor constantly struggle through life. Iskrimáhun ku lang arun muínat ang gamay kung swildu, I will contrive means to make my meager salary go a long way. -dur(→) n native fencer, esp. a skilled one. v [B16; c1] be, become a skilled native fencer.

iskrimintǎr v [A; b(1)] feel sorry for one’s sins or mistakes. Mapatumbayáun kaáyu nang inahána sa íyang mga anak. Unyà ra nà muiskrimintǎr ug mamatyan, That mother is very careless with her children. She will be taught a lesson if one of them dies. Giiskrimintahan ku na ang ákung mga salà, I have already repented my sins.

iskrin n {1} screen for a home. {2} movie screen. v {1} [A; c1] screen in. {2} [A; b(1)] block in games to afford a good shot for the teammate. Iskrínan giyud ang gwardiya arun lugar kaáyu sa pagsiyut ang ímung kaúban, Block the guard so your teammate is free to shoot the ball. {3} [A; a12] screen applicants. Iskrínun úsà ang tanang aplikanti usà pakuháa sa iksámin, All applicants are screened before being allowed to take the exam.

iskrip n script of a movie or play.

iskrípir n rubber scraper used in scraping out the dough that sticks to the mixing bowl and spoon. v [a] get s.t. out with a scraper. Iskripíra ang namilit nga mása sa miksing bul, Get the dough out with the scraper. gúma nga — = iskrípir, n.

iskrituryu n escritoire.

iskru n screw. v [b6(1)] screw, fasten with a screw. Iskrúhi ang bisagra arun dì matangtang, Fasten the hinge with a screw so that it won’t come off. — draybir n screw driver. v [A13] use a screw driver.

iskúba_1 n {1} hair or shoe, clothes brush. {2} mustache (humorous slang). v [A; c] brush s.t. Iskubáhan níya ang kabáyù, He’ll brush the horse. paN- v [A2; b6] brush oneself, one’s hair.

iskúba_2 n name given to various woody erect herbs of waste places. — nga kiláyan: Sida acuta.

iskuhir v [A; a] sort s.t. according to class or kind. Akuy muiskuhir sa tabákù, I’m going to sort the tobacco leaves. Iskuhirun ang bulad úsà ibaligyà, The dried fish is sorted before it is sold. iskuhídu n {1} the finest quality tobacco or abaca. {2} choicest k.o. anything. Mukáun lang siyag iskuhídung isdà, He eats only the choicest fish.

iskúlar = iskálar.

iskulbus n {1} school bus. {2} admirer, friend or boy friend who accompanies a girl, usually home from school (slang). Dúna siyay iskulbus sa íyang pag-ulì gabíi, She had an escort in going home last night. v {1} [A13] go by school bus. {2} [A; b(1)] escort a girl friend home from school (slang).

iskulsuplayis n school supplies.

iskultur n sculptor. v [B16; a12] be, become a sculptor.

iskupidur n cuspidor. v {1} [b6] provide with a cuspidor. {2} [a12] make s.t. into a cuspidor.

iskupíta n {1} shotgun. {2} air rifle. (→) v [a12] shoot s.t. with an air rifle or shotgun.

iskúr n score, mark to keep tally of. Iskúr sa baskitbúl, Basketball score. Pilay iskúr nímu sa iksámin? What is the mark you got on the examinations? — burd n scoreboard. v {1} [A; b6(1)] mark the score. {2} [A] make a point or score. Wà siya makaiskúr sa páwul siyát, He didn’t score a point in the foul shot. -ir(←) n {1} scorer in a game. {2} third party who tags along on a date (taken from the notion that he has nothing to do but tally the number of kisses—slang). v [B1256] {1} be the scorer. {2} be the third party on a date. Maiskúrir lang kag ang kúyug mu managtrátu, You’ll just be an observer if your two companions are lovers.

iskuríya n tiny chocolate cups for a thick chocolate drink.

iskursiyun n excursion, outing. v [A1; b6] hold an excursion.

iskurt n escort, one who accompanies for protection, company, or honor. Wà kuy iskurt sa bayli, I have no escort for the dance. v [A; c1] act as an escort. Duha ka mutursiklu ang nag-iskurt sa kutsing gisakyan sa artista, Two motorcycles escorted the car the actress was riding in.

iskusya n finely-woven, silky cotton thread, used commonly for undershirts. v [A13] wear an escocia undershirt.

iskutinyu n counting of votes. v [A1; b6] count the votes.

iskútir n child’s scooter or motor scooter. v [A; a12] ride a scooter.

iskuwadrun n squadron, unit of military aviation. v [A13] fly by squadron.

iskuwála n try square. v [A; b6(1)] mark s.t. off with a try square. — nga balay an L-shaped house.

iskuwat_1 v [A; b6] squat with the buttocks not resting on anything and standing on the toes. — dyamp n squat jump. v [AC12; c16] do the squat jump.

iskuwat_2 v [A2N] attend a class section one is not supposed to. Wà ku makatambung sa klási sa buntag maung miiskuwat (nangiskuwat) ku sa hápun, I missed the morning lecture so I attended the same lecture in the afternoon. -ir(←) n {1} squatter: a person who stays on land in urban areas which does not belong to him. {2} squatter areas in the city. {3} s.o. occupying s.o. else’s seat (humorous). v {1} [B16; b6] be, become a squatter. {2} [B12; b6] for a place to turn into a slum area. Maiskuwátir unyà nang plása ug dílì nà anamug papaháwà nang mga nagbarungbárung dihà, The plaza will soon become a squatter area if the shanties are not removed as they are put up. {3} [A; a12] oust squatters and demolish their houses. Iskuwatírun mi sa tag-íya íning yútà, The owner of the land is planning to oust us.

iskuwir a {1} square. {2} being angular, squarely built. Iskuwir kaáyug abága nang tawhána, That man is square-shouldered. {3} fighting fair and square. Way dúmut tung ílang sinumbagay kay iskuwir man, Their fist fight left no ill will between the protagonists because it was a square fight. {4} square brush cut. — bab bobbed hair, cut evenly at the bottom. v {1} [APB; c1] be, become square. {2} [A12C; c1] make a fight a square one, hold a square fist fight. {3} [a12] make a haircut a brush cut. {4} [A; a2] square up accounts, pay debts. Iskuyrun ku na ang ákung útang nimu, I’ll square off my debt to you.

iskuyla n {1} school, holding of classes. Way iskuyla basta pista upisiyal, There is no school on an official holiday. {2} pupil, student. Iskuyla siya sa San Husi, She is a student at San José. v [A; b6(1)] {1} attend classes. Iiskuyla nà nímung gisiun mung púlu? Are you going to school in that torn shirt? {2} study in a certain school or a certain school year. Dì siya muiskuyla sa síkan simistir kay way kwarta, He can’t attend school during the second semester because he has no money. {3} [A2] go to the cockpit to bet or see a cockfight (slang). Káda Duminggu muiskuyla siya sa Tipúlu, Every Sunday he goes to the cockpit at Tipolo. pa- v [A; a] send s.o. to school. Paiskuyláhun ku ang ámung mutsatsa, We’re going to send our servant to school. iskuylahan n {1} school. {2} cockpit (slang).

isla n island. Tulu ka isla ang naglangkub sa Kamútis, The Camotes consist of three islands.

islag_1 v {1} [B2; b3] scatter in all directions. Muislag nang duut sa isdà ug ímung labáyug batu, The school of fish will scatter if you throw a stone at them. {2} [B126] get scattered out such that it is impossible to gather. Naislag ang íyang mga anak sukad níyang gibyàbyáan ang panimalay, His children have taken to roaming ever since he abandoned his home. {3} [A] run away from, flee from. Miislag sa syudad ang mga kawatan sa siya pay hípi sa kapulisan, The thieves fled from the city when he was the chief of police. {4} [A; a] drive away. Islága ang mga máya sa humayan, Drive the birds away from the rice field. {5} [B126] drive away lonely feelings. Nangítà siyag trabáhu arun maislag ang mga kaláay sa íyang pag-inusára, She looked for a job to drive away loneliness.

islag_2 v [A; b] pound rice, coarse corn grits for a second time. Islagi (islági) ring tipasiun, Pound this partly husked rice. -in-an(→) n {1} coarse particles of ground or milled corn grits. {2} the portion of sifted rice left after winnowing out the husked grains. -an(→) = inislagan.

islaks n slacks worn by women. v [A; b6] wear slacks.

islang a speaking with unclear articulation. v [A2B2; c1] speak with unclear articulation, for speech to become unclear. Muislang (maislang) ang íyang sinultihan ug makainum, His speech becomes unclear when he gets drunk.

islaw n k.o. spotted snapper, esp. Lutianus fulviflamma. -an n = islaw.

islayding n a violation in basketball where a player moves while holding the ball.

islayid rul n slide rule. v [A; b5] use a slide rule.

isláyid_1 v {1} [B26; b8] slip, lose one’s footing by slipping. Muisláyid (maisláyid) ang táwung makatamak ug pánit sa ságing, A man will slip if he steps on a banana peel. {2} [B3(1)6; b6(1)] slide down on s.t. Muisláyid ku sa pasamánu, I will slide down the bannister. n {1} sliding ramp. {2} slide on a trombone.

isláyid_2 n {1} photographic slide. {2} microscope slide. v {1} [A13] show slides. {2} [c6] put a slide under a microscope.

isláyis v [A; a] slice off, cut into slices. Akuy muisláyis sa pán, I’ll slice the bread. Islaysan ta kag kík, I’ll slice a piece of cake for you. n slice, piece cut off. a sliced.

isliblis a sleeveless dress or blouse. v [A13; c1] wear, make into a sleeveless dress or blouse.

islindir a slender, slim in figure. v [B; c1] be, become slender. Muislindir (maislindir) giyud kag magdáyit ka, You will become slender if you go on a diet. pa- v [A] make oneself slender.

islú drag n slow drag, a dance with a slow tempo music.

islúput a slowpoke, person who acts or moves slowly. v [B12; b6] be, become a slowpoke.

ismagling n smuggling.

ismaglir n smuggler. v [B16; a2] be, become a smuggler.

ismágul n {1} smuggled goods. {2} rubber slippers (so called because the first rubber slippers sold were smuggled). v {1} [AC12; c1] smuggle. {2} [A; b6(1)] wear rubber slippers.

ismart, ismarti a for women to be well-groomed, neat, and stylish. v [B12; b6] for a woman to get to be stylishly dressed.

ismayling see burnay.

ismilir, ismiril n emery wheel. v [A; a] grind on an emery wheel.

ismiringhuy n paramour (slang). Taggabii na muabut ang íyang bána kay muhapit pa man sa íyang ismiringhuy, Her husband arrives home late every evening because he drops by his mistress’s. {2} the unpleasant smell of body odor (indirect allusion). {3} genitalia (humorous). v [B126; c16] be, become a paramour (slang).

ismúgul = ismágul (colloquial, humorous).

ismul batíri bul a small but capable of big things. Ismúl batíri bul ílang mutsatsa. Kusug mamalansa, Their maid may be small but she’s very capable. She irons like a ball of fire.

isnatsir n snatcher of bags, etc. v [A12] be a snatcher.

isníkir n sneakers. v [A; b6(1)] wear sneakers.

isnú n snow. v [A; b6] for it to snow.

ispáda n {1} sword. Nagsingkì ang ílang duha ka ispáda, Their two swords clanged against each other. {2} the best swordsman in a place. Sila ang upat ka ispáda sa Kastilya, They are the four swordsmen of Castille. {3} the sword in Spanish cards. {4} variety of large, bland pepper shaped like a sword, about 4″ long. -in- a {1} like a sword. Inispáda nga dáhun, Sword-shaped leaf. {2} = ispáda, 4. — diúru ornamental reed-like herb consisting of long, green, spear-shaped leaves with a yellow edge and white splotches in the middle: Sansevieria trifasciata var. Laurentii. — disambuwangga variety with no splotches. — nga isdà = díwit.

ispadil = ispáda, 1.

ispaghíti n spaghetti. v [A13C12] make, eat spaghetti.

ispaltu = aspaltu.

Ispánis n Spanish class, language, person. Nindut kaáyu pamináwun ang Ispánis gitar, The Spanish guitar is pleasant to listen to. v [A; c1] communicate in Spanish. — lís n k.o. lace fabric, usually made into veils.

Ispaniyul n {1} Spaniard. {2} Spanish language.

ispansbat v [A; b] wash oneself off with a washcloth. Ispansbáti ang bátà, Wash the child with a cloth. n action of washing s.o. with a cloth.

ispanta v [A3B12; c1] prevent s.t. from happening, s.o. from doing s.t. Ang pinaangkan miispanta sa kasal sa nakapaanak níya, The wedding was stopped by the woman whom the groom had made pregnant. Naispanta sa bakúna ang pagkaylap sa buti, Vaccination kept the smallpox from spreading.

Ispanya n Spain.

Ispanyúla = ispaniyul (female).

Ispanyúlis n Spaniards. Kanhi sa mga Ispanyúlis pa giulípun lámang ang mga Pilipínu, During the Spanish times the Filipinos were treated like slaves.

ispáring n {1} sparring session. {2} sparring partner. v [A2C; b(1)] engage in a sparring session. — partnir, ka- n sparring partner.

ispǎrk plag n spark plug.

ispasyu n outer space.

ispat n flashlight. v [A; b6(1)] shine a flashlight on. Ispáti nu diri dapit kay nahū́g ang ákung sinsíyu, Shine your flashlight over here because I dropped my money.

ispǎt_1 n spot on the lungs that indicates tb.

ispǎt_2 v {1} [A; a2] in pool: shoot a target ball to a designated spot on the table. {2} [A2; b] in basketball: take pot shots from a distance. n this sort of shot in billiards or basketball. -ir(←) n one who throws the ball accurately in basketball.

ispatlayit n {1} = ispat. {2} spotlight. v [A; b6(1)] shine the spotlight on.

ispáyik n shoe spike. v [A; b6(1)] fasten a spike on a shoe.

ispayral a hair waved without being cut. v [A1; a12] wear, have hair that has been waved.

ispíd n spades in playing cards. v [A12] get spades.

ispidbut_1 n speedboat.

ispidbut_2 v [A1; b6(1)] cook more rice or corn hurriedly in a small pot because what was cooked earlier was not enough for everyone (humorous—so called from the small speedboats that accompanied Japanese warships). Bisitahun kaáyu mis ámù. Kanúnay lang ming mag-ispidbut ug lung-ag, We keep having visitors, so we always have to prepare extra rice.

ispidnu = impirnu.

ispíhu n {1} mirror, looking glass. {2} glass. Ang ispíhu sa iskaparáti, The glass of the display case. {3} name of one of the dragons (drágun), the white dragon which has the black outline of a mirror-like design. v [A2N; b6(1)] look at oneself in the mirror. Mangispíhu úsà ku, I’ll look at myself in the mirror.

ispíking n {1} the act of proposing to a girl (colloquial). {2} line handed to convince s.o. v [A; c] {1} propose to a girl (colloquial). Sígi lag bisíta, wà pa giyud makaispíking, He keeps visiting her but he hasn’t proposed. {2} hand s.o. a line. Giispikíngan níya ang íyang Nánay arun hatágan siyag kwarta, He handed his mother a line so that she would give him money.

ispíkir_1 n loudspeaker. v [b6] use, put in a loudspeaker.

ispíkir_2 n Speaker of the House, the presiding officer of the House of Representatives. gist — guest speaker. v [B16; a12] be, become the speaker.

ispiksiyun = inspiksiyun.

ispíling n spelling. v {1} [A; a12] spell a word. Ispilínga ang ímung ngálan, Spell your name. {2} [A12; a12] make s.t. out, explain s.t. to oneself. Lisud giyud ispilíngun unsay íyang nagustuan ánang karáang kwanggul, I can’t understand what he sees in that old coot. {3} explain, describe in words. Dílì maispíling ang náwung níya pag-ingkib níya sa aslum nga mangga, You can’t imagine what she looked like when she bit into the sour mango.

ispír n spare in bowling, the act of knocking down all the pins with two consecutive balls; a score so made. v [AB6; c1] make a spare in bowling, for a throw to be a spare.

ispiragus = asparagus.

ispiraltima = ispíra ultima.

*ispiransa may, walay — {1} for there to be a (no) possibility or probability that s.t. desirable happen. Wà ka nay ispiransa ánang bayhána, You haven’t got a chance with that girl. Dúna pay ispiransa nga mabúhì ang bátà, There is still hope that the child will survive. {2} way — hopelessly bad. Way ispiransa nà siyag náwung, She’s hopelessly ugly. Way ispiransa ang ági, Your work is hopeless.

ispíra ultima n a flowering plant cultivated for both ornamental and medicinal purposes: Chrysanthemum sinense.

*ispírit — ab amunya n k.o. liquid used like smelling salts. — ub di glas n a method of contacting the souls of the departed with a medium using a glass. v [A; a12] hold such a session.

ispiritista n {1} medium in a séance. {2} one who believes in spiritualism. v [B1; a12] become a spiritualist.

ispiritu n {1} spirit, human soul. — malignu soul, in folk belief, that roams over the face of the earth doing penance. — santu n Holy Ghost. {2} spirit, volatile substances. — dilimun lemon oil. ispirituhánun a spiritual. Ang pangaláwat usa ka ispirituhánung bangkíti, Communion is a spiritual feast. †

ispirma n {1} paraffin. {2} paraffin candles. v [A; b6(1)] rub paraffin on the floor. Ispirmáhi nà arun musínaw, Rub floor wax on the floor so that it shines.

ispisiyal a {1} special, particularly good. Lutúan níyag sud-an nga ispisiyal ang íyang bisíta, She will fix special food for her guests. {2} especial, out of the ordinary. v {1} [APB12; c1] be, become special, particularly good. {2} [A; c1] do s.t. special, out of the ordinary. Ispisyalun (iispisiyal) ta kag tawag, I’ll mention your name especially, apart from the others. {2a} [A] do a particular dance at a ball where only certain people are invited to dance. Mag-ispisiyal run ug bayli, pára sa mga upisyális, The next number is a special number for the officers only. — dilibiri n special delivery. v [A13; c6] send s.t. special delivery. †

ispísu a {1} for liquids to be thick, of great density. Ispísu kaáyung sikwáti kay gidaghan níyag tablíya, The chocolate drink is thick because he put lots of chocolate on it. {2} for colors to be intense as if thickly laid on. Ispísu kaáyu ang kaitum sa balhíbu sa ákung iring, My cat’s hair is a deep black. {3} — nga [noun] a diehard, fanatic follower or believer of. Ispísu giyud nang Katuliku, He is a devout Catholic. Ispísung Usminyista, Diehard follower of Osmeña. {4} in phrases: — ug apdu brave (lit. having thick bile). — ug dugù {a} having guts. {b} heartless, merciless. — ug hambug laying bragging on thick. v [AB; c1] for liquids to become thick, cause them to do so. Muispísu (maispísu) ang sabaw ug butangag úbi, The soup will become thick if you add yams.

ispisyalista n specialist, esp. a doctor. Ang buta nagpahiling sa usa ka ispisyalista sa mata, The blind man consulted an eye specialist. v [B16; a2] {1} be, become a specialist. {2} [A3; c6] specialize in a particular field of medicine.

ispíya n {1} spy, secret agent. {2} one who spies on others. v [AN; b] {1} spy, spy on s.o. Giispiyáhan na ku sa ákung asáwa, kay nagdúda, My wife is spying on me because she has suspicions. {2} [B16; a12] be, become a spy.

isplikar v {1} [A; c] explain. {2} [A; b] state one’s purpose, esp. proposing marriage. Wà ku kaisplikar níya kay dihà man si Máma níya sígi, I couldn’t broach the question because her mother never left us a minute. {3} give s.o. a line to convince him. n {1} explanation. {2} a line handed to s.o. Wà ku madá sa isplikar sa ahinti, I wasn’t taken in by the salesman’s line. isplikasiyun = isplikar, n. isplikátut n explanation, excuse one isn’t inclined to believe (colloquial). Ay na lang ku ánang ímung isplikátut. Dì ku mutúu ánà, Don’t hand me that line again. I don’t believe it.

isplǐt_1 a palsy-walsy, very close friends (colloquial). Napildi ku sa madyung kay isplǐt ang ákung mga kuntra, I lost in mahjong because my co-players were palsy-walsy. Makasulud ta kay isplǐt nátù ang gwardiya, We can get in because the guard is our man. v [A2C1; ac5] be on palsy-walsy terms. Nagkaisplǐt sila kay paríhug balhíbu, They became palsy-walsy because they’re birds of a feather. Lisud isplitun (ikaisplǐt) nà siya, It’s difficult to get on palsy-walsy terms with him.

isplǐt_2 n extra piece which the dealer in mahjong gets as a privilege. He starts the game by discarding a piece without drawing another.

isprí v [A; b6(1)] spray. Ispríhi ang rúsas, Spray the roses. — nit hair spray. v [A; b6(1)] spray the hair.

ispringpild n Springfield rifle.

ispuksib n spokeshave, a tool for trimming and smoothing rounded surfaces. v [A; b6(1)] use a spokeshave.

ispúku {1} -y, nga can you imagine that! Ispúku muy (mung) mupalit ug kadilak nga way muinstulmin, Imagine! He bought a Cadillac with no installments. Nagdawat ug kinyintus unyà mugastug sitisintus, ispúku mu nà? He receives five hundred and spends seven hundred. Can you beat that? {2} — ug imagine what would happen if. Ispúku ug tabangan kag tulu. Wà kay dalag-an, Imagine if three people were to gang up on you at once. You wouldn’t have a chance.

ispungha n {1} sponge or sponge-like substance. {2} powder puff.

ispunghar v [A2; c6] {1} for odors to rise. Muispunghar giyud ang báhù sa kasilyas, The toilet exudes a terrible odor. {2} for volatile substances to evaporate. Miispunghar ang agwa kay wà tabúni, The perfume evaporated because no one covered it. ispunghádu, ispungháwu a for s.t. to have given off its volatile constituent. Wà na kaáyuy báhù ang agwa. Ispungháwu na man, The perfume doesn’t have much odor any more because it weakened from evaporation.

ispungháwu a for hair to be wavy and soft. Nindut ning ispungháwu tag buhuk kay dì na lang kinahanglan ang pagpakulung, It’s nice to have soft and wavy hair, because we don’t need to have permanents. v [B12; b6] for hair to be, become soft and wavy.

ispunsur n {1} sponsor of a program or social affair. {2} the girl escort (muse) who accompanies a man in official functions. {3} one who sponsors an immigrant abroad. v {1} [A; b(1)] sponsor s.t. {2} [AB16; c16] take as one’s muse, become a muse. {3} [A; b6(1)] act as sponsor for an immigrant abroad. †

ispurt_1 a {1} good sport or sportsmanlike. Ispurt giyud tu si Kusáka kay bísag pildi, mapahiyúmun lang gihápun, Kosaka was a good sport, for even if he lost, he was still all smiles. {2} fight that is fought on the basis that there should be no bad feelings. v [B1; b6] {1} be, become a good sport or sportsmanlike. Kung mag-ispurt lang ang táwu wà giyuy gubut, If a man fights fairly there won’t be any trouble. {2} hold a fight on condition that no one have hard feelings.

ispurt_2 = ispúting.

ispurts kar n sports car. v {1} [A13C12] travel, go by sports car. {2} [A12] get a sports car.

ispúsa n wife. v {1} [B126] be, become a wife. Kung naispúsa pa kang Markus, kanindut kahà nu? If you had become Marcos’ wife, it would have been nice, wouldn’t it? {2} [A12] happen to have as a wife. Naka-ispúsa kug bagìbian, I got a nag for a wife.

ispúsu n husband. v see ispúsa.

ispúting a smartly dressed, dressed up. Mamisíta tingáli si Usting kay ispúting man, Maybe Osting is paying his girl a visit, for he is dressed up. v [B3; b6] get all dressed up.

ispúwil v [A; a] spoil a child. Ispuwílun man nímu ang bátà, ayg hatágig kwarta pirmi, You are spoiling the child. Don’t constantly give him money. -d a for a child to be spoiled. v = ispúwil.

Israylítas n Israelites.

ist = isti_2.

istabiyin expression indicating approval: fine, good.

istablisar v [A; a] found, establish s.t. Muistablisar kug kaugalíngung nigusyu ug makagraduwar na ku, I’ll establish my own business when I graduate. istablisimintu n business establishment.

istadista n statesman. Si Kláru Riktu mauy usa sa mga bantúgang istadista sa Pilipínas, Claro Recto is one of the famous statesmen of the Philippines.

istádiyum n stadium.

istádu n {1} situation. Ang istádu mau ni: pagsulud nákù sa lawak dihay babáyi nga naghigdà sa katri, The situation was this: when I entered the room there was a woman lying on the bed. {2} state, condition s.t. is in. Pag-abut nákù nagkayamúkat na ang istádu sa mga mwiblis, When I arrived, the furniture was in a state of disarray. Wà na sa istádu ang ákung ámu, My master is acting strangely. {2a} civil status. Unsay ímung istádu, minyù u ulitáwu? What’s your civil status, married or single? {3} married, settled, and thus not free to run around. Ngánung mangulitáwu pa man ka nga istádu na man ka? Why do you run after women when you are married?

Istádus Unídus n United States.

isták n {1} stock merchandise on hand. {2} stocks in a corporation. v [A; b6(1)] stock up on s.t., stock s.t. with. Istákan níyag mga linata ang íyang tindáhan, She will stock her store with canned goods. — huldir n stockholder. v [B16; a12] be, become a stockholder. uld — old stock, leftover merchandise. Mga uld isták ang bulad ímung gipalit, You bought old, leftover dried fish.

istáka n stake or peg to hold s.t. v [A; a2] make, drive or use a stake. {2} [A; a] arrange stones in a pile for some purpose. Dagkung batu ang giistáka sa mananagat sa íyang balirung, The fisherman piled up big stones to make his fish trap. Maáyung istakáhan ang bakilid arun dílì ibanlas ang yútà, We should pile stones on the sloping land so that the soil will not be washed away.

istak-ap v [B23(1)] become stuck, plugged up. Naistak-ap ang túbu sa labábu, The drainpipe in the sink got plugged up.

istáking, istákings n {1} stockings. {2} condom. v [A; b6(1)] wear stockings, a condom.

ístakul {1} a word used to heighten the suspense, said while performing some suspenseful action. Ákù nang bunútun paghínay ang baráha. Ístakul! I’ll take the card out slowly. Here goes! {2} particle used after giving a series of commands: fine, that’s good now. Atras pa, diyútay na lang. Ístakul! Back it up some more, a little more. O.K., fine.

istalar = instalar.

istalasiyun = instalasiyun. see instalar.

istambay {1} one standing by waiting for business or work. Daghang mga istambay nga trák didtu sa pír nga paabangan, There’s lots of trucks sitting at the pier to rent. {2} one who has nothing to do and hangs around s.w. {3} out of service. Istambay úsà ang trák kay way písa, The bus is out of commission now because it’s lacking a part. v [A; b(1)] {1} stand-by for business or work. {2} hang around. {2a} [B16; a] become an idle loafer. {3} [A4; c] for a machine to be out of service. -an(→) n place loafers hang out.

istampa_1 n religious picture, usually colored and framed.

istampa_2 n patched, torn clothing. v [c] torn clothes.

istampǎr v [A; b6(1)] put a notice or picture up in a conspicuous place. Ayawg istampahi (istampari) nang bungbung ug law-ayng litrátu, Don’t put dirty pictures on that wall. Mga ngálan sa kaslunun mauy giistampǎr sa bulitin burd, The names of the couples planning to get married are posted on the bulletin board.

istampíta n small religious picture, usually colored.

istan n stand to hold s.t.

istanbay = istambay.

istandar, istandard n k.o. small kerosene lamp with a metal body and tall with a glass chimney, similar to a hurricane lamp. v [A13] use this type of kerosene lamp.

istandarti n religious standard or emblem consisting of an image painted on a pennant or piece of wood mounted on a pole and used in processions.

istanding_1 a having standing room only in theaters. Istanding kaáyu, wà giyud ku kalingkud, It was very crowded. I couldn’t get a seat. v [B6; b6] for a theater to have standing room only.

istanding_2 n {1} standing position in sexual intercourse (humorous slang). {2} erection of the penis (slang). v {1} [B256] do s.t. in a standing position. Nag-istanding kung nagkaun kay walà na may lingkuránan, I ate standing because there were no more seats. {2} [B1256] for penis to be erect (humorous slang).

istansa n stanza of a poem. v [c] write, add a stanza. Ang makapahinuklug nga panápus ang iistansa sa katapúsan, Write a sorrowful ending for your last stanza.

istanti n {1} glass showcase. {2} shelf. v {1} [b6(1)] add a glass showcase or shelf. {2} [c16] put in a showcase or shelf. Istantíha (iistanti) nang inyung baligyà, Put your merchandise inside a showcase.

istanyu n solder of tin and lead.

istáp_1 v [A; a12] receive the serve in volleyball and slow down the impetus to set it up for a return.

istáp_2 n traffic sign ordering a stop. v [B236] for a traffic signal to be red. Manghúnung ang mga sakyanan ug muistáp, The vehicles will stop when the light is red.

istápa n embezzlement of funds entrusted to one. -dur(→) n embezzler. v [B126] be, become an embezzler of funds.

istapbul n in billiards, the method of shooting the cue ball hitting it near the base, causing it to stop or go backwards upon hitting another ball. v [A2; c1] make one’s shot a stop-ball.

istǎr v [A; b36] stay, reside in a certain place. Unsay istaran (istahan) nátug dúgay dinhi? Why should we stay here long? Maáyung istahan ang Banáwà kay dílì ínit, It’s good to stay in Banawa because it’s cool.

istar dansir n starring dancer. v [B16; a12] be, become a starring dancer.

istarim n a variety of yautia (bisul) having a reddish-pink rootstock, as opposed to the more common white variety.

istáring a {1} star in a film. {2} be prominently mentioned or conspicuous in a picture, talk. Istáring ka man sa wáli sa párì, You were conspicuously mentioned in the priest’s sermon. {3} be conspicuously important or significant in an activity. Istáring mi sa parti kay kami nangúlu sa dúlà, We were important persons in the party because we led the games. v [B126] {1} star in a film. {2} be conspicuous. {3} be prominently mentioned, conspicuous in a picture. {4} be an important person in some activity.

istartir n starter of an engine.

istasiyun_1 n {1} radio, gas, police station. {2} railroad or bus station (not common usage). -an {1} station for vehicles, gas station. Istasyunan sa gasulína, trák, Gasoline, bus station. {2} police, radio station (not common usage).

istasiyun_2 n station, way of the cross: 14 pictures of Christ’s sufferings placed around the sides of a church for the worshippers to visit. v [A] make the way of the cross, visiting each of the 14 pictures and praying before each one.

istátik n {1} static on the radio. {2} hoarseness in the throat when singing. v [B26] {1} for the voice to get hoarse in singing. {2} have static.

istatistika n statistics.

istatúwa n statue. v [a2] make into a statue. Íyang istatuwáhun kanang káhuy nga íyang gisugdag silsil, He will make a statue out of that piece of wood.

istáyil n style of doing s.t. Bítuls ang istáyil sa íyang buhuk, He wears his hair in the Beatles style. Si Ilurdi dúnay kaugalíngung istáyil sa pagbuksing, Elorde has his own boxing style. a stylish in doing s.t. Istáyil kaáyug kinantahan si Sami Díbis dà, Sammy Davis has a stylish way of singing. v [c16] make s.t. stylish. Maáyu giyung istaylun (iistáyil) nímu ang ímung mga bisti kay batan-un ka pa, You should dress stylishly because you are still young.

istaylis a adopting the latest fads.

isti_1 {1} expression of pause when speaker can’t think of the right word or is embarrassed. Buy, itúnul ang kuan, isti, ang piryudiku, Boy, pass the whatchamacallit, umm, the newspaper. {2} expression to correct or take back what one has just said. Si Imil, isti, si Lúkas paanhía, Emil, I mean, Lucas, have him come here. paistiisti v [A; b6] put on a pretense of indifference to s.t. one really likes. Ngánung nagpaistiisti kang gustu ka man diay? Why do you pretend you don’t like it when you really do?

isti_2 n the east piece, the name of one of the winds (bintus). {2} the dealer in a mahjong game. {3} the name given to the first round in a mahjong set until all four players have had a chance to be the dealer. It is followed by a second round which is called sur. v {1} [A12; b4] draw an east piece. Giistihan aku ug mau na lay ákung giwíting, I drew an east wind and that was what I needed to go mahjong. {2} [B1256] be the dealer in a mahjong game.

istibidur n stevedore. v [B16; c12] be, become a stevedore.

istídi n {1} steady girl or boy friend. {2} prostitute one patronizes on a regular basis. v {1} [B12C; a12] be, become sweethearts, go steady. Dúgay na nà silang naistídi, They have been going steady for a long time. Nagkaistídi ming Lurína sa úna, Lorena and I used to go steady formerly. {2} [A12; b8] get as a sweetheart. Wà sukad aku makaistídi, I have never had a sweetheart.

*istígi — santu expression used by an elder for blessing a younger person who has just kissed his hands. The sign of the cross is made at the same time the blessing is given.

istikin ap, istikinap expression uttered when pulling a hold up: ‘Stick ’em up!’ v [A; a] pull a stick-up. Síging giistikin ap nang tindahána, They keep holding that store up.

istíkir n sticker. v [b6(1)] paste a sticker on s.t.

istilítu n stiletto, a small dagger-like instrument used for making holes in cloth to be embroidered. v [c6] use s.t. as a stiletto.

istilmáting n steel sheets laid on soft ground for vehicles or temporary airstrips. v [A13; b6] surface with steel matting.

istilmit n stalemate in chess. v [B126; c16] come to a stalemate in chess.

istílu = istáyil.

istilwul n steel wool.

istima, istimar_1 v [A; a2] take care, look after s.o. Dì kamaung muistimar sa mga bisíta, Doesn’t know how to take care of the visitors. Istimáha ang inyung katigulángan, Take care of your old folks.

istimar_2 v [A; c1] {1} estimate, calculate. Istimaha (iistimar) kunu ang magastu, Figure out the expenses. {2} treat, consider s.o. as. Istimáha (iistimar) nga inyung igsúun ang mga ílu ninyung ig-ágaw, Consider your orphaned cousins your own brothers and sisters. n estimate, rough calculation. istimasiyun n {1} estimate. Untup-untup ang ákung istimasiyun (istimar), My estimate is almost exact. {2} the way one regards s.o. Taas ang ákung istimasiyun níya, I have a high regard for him.

istimit v [A; c1] estimate. Maáyu muistimit sa gibug-atun sa usa ka butang, He is good at estimating weights. n estimate. Pilay ímung istimit sa galastúhan? How much do you estimate it will cost?

istinsil v [A; c16] mark s.t. with a stencil, reproduce s.t. by stencil. n {1} typed stencil, stencil from which a design or lettering is made. {2} design, lettering done by a stencil.

istinugrapir n stenographer. v [B156] be, become a stenographer.

istip n word asked by a player in hopscotch asking whether he had stepped on the line. Istip, nu? Did I step on the line or not?

istipburd n narrow board under the passenger bus running along the chassis on either side between the front and rear wheels, where cargo is placed.

istip-in n open-heeled shoes or slippers for women, with or without high heels. v [AC12; b6(1)] wear step-ins.

istíping n {1} step in dancing. Lisud kaáyu ang istíping sa kinabag-uhang sáyaw karun, The steps for the latest dance are very complicated. {2} a violation in basketball, making steps not allowed. sayup ang — v [a12] for s.o. to make a mistake in an important move. Nasayup lang ang inyung istíping ug dì mu mudúul ug pulitiku nga mangaplay ug trabáhu, It is a wrong move for you to apply for a job without a politician’s help. v [B126; c1] commit the violation of stepping in basketball.

istiplir, istípul v [A; b5] fasten with staples. Mas maáyung ímung istipúlun (istipúlan) ang mga papil arun dì magbúwag, It’s necessary that you staple the pieces of paper together so that they won’t get separated. Lisud na ni buwágun ug ímung istipúlun (istipúlan), It will be difficult to get these apart after they have been stapled. n {1} stapler. {2} staples.

istíril a sterile, incapable of procreation. v [B6] be, become sterile.

istiriláyis v [A3P; a] sterilize, free from germs.

istiryu n stereo phonograph or tape recorder. — púnu n stereo phonograph. a stereophonic in sound reproduction. v {1} [B126; c16] reproduce a sound stereophonically. Dì maistiryu ang ipiktu ug usa lang ka ispíkir ang gamítun, You don’t get a stereophonic effect if you use only one speaker. {2} [A13] do s.t. with stereo music on. Mag-istiryu giyud nà siyag magtuun, He always studies with stereo music on.

Istits n the States, U.S.A. pa- v [A; c] go, bring to the States.

istitsáyid a {1} coming from the States. Kanang íyang sapátus istitsáyid, His shoes are imported from the States. {2} a person in the Philippines who originates in the States. {3} being like s.t. American. Istitsáyid siyag linihukan, She acts like an American. v [B126] be from the States or like s.t. from the States.

istituskup n stethoscope. v [A; b6(1)] use a stethoscope.

istityu n children’s game of freezing or keeping still when the leader shouts istityu. — dans n statue dance, a dance in which the participants freeze every time the music is stopped. v [A1C2; b(1)] play ‘statue’ or do the statue dance.

istranghíru n {1} a foreigner. Barku nga istranghíru, A foreign ship. {2} foreign ship. v [B126; b6] be, become a stranger in another land.

istranyu n stranger, newcomer to a place. v [B12] be a stranger to a place. Naistranyu na ku dinhi tungud sa daghang kausában, I have become a stranger in this place because of the changes that have taken place here.

istráp n strap. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put, fit a strap on. Istrápi ang rilu, Put a strap on the watch. {2} [a12] make into a strap.

istráyik_1 n {1} strike: {a} in baseball. {b} the pins in bowling knocked down in one ball, or the score so made. {2} unpleasant allusion made against s.o. v {1} [B126] be, become a strike in baseball or bowling. {1a} [A12] make a strike in baseball or bowling. {2} [A2; a12] make unpleasant allusions about s.o. Ug istraykun ku níya, dì lang ku manumbáling, If he makes unpleasant allusions about me, I won’t pay any attention.

istráyik_2 v [A; b3] for students or workers to strike. Giistraykan ang Yúbi sa mga maistra, The teachers at U.V. are striking. n strike of students or workers.

istri n three, esp. three pesos (slang). Manan-aw tag sini, dúna kuy istri diri, Let’s go and see a movie. I have three pesos here. v [A12] get three pesos.

istribilyu a cross-eyed. v [B; c16] be cross-eyed. Muistribilyu ang iyang panan-aw ug masukù, He becomes cross-eyed when he gets angry.

istríbu n {1} stirrup of a saddle or anything one steps on to mount with. {2} running board. v [A; a] attach, make a stirrup, mounting step, or running board.

istribur n starboard of a vessel. v [A; c1] turn to the starboard. Istribura (iistribur) ug diyútay arun dì ta mabanggà, Turn the boat to the right so that we will not collide.

istrikta = istriktu (female).

istriktu a strict in demanding obedience. Istriktu na run ang baláud sa pagbáyad sa buhis, The law is very strict about paying your taxes. v [B; a2] be, become strict, do strictly. Dílì istriktúhun pag-inspiksiyun ang malíta sa táwung kuniktádu, They aren’t strict in inspecting baggage which belongs to s.o. with connections.

istrilya n s.t. which has the shape of a star. Istrilyang parul, A star-shaped lantern. -du, -wu eggs fried sunny side up. v [A; a] fry or serve eggs sunny side up.

istrilyíta n s.t. shaped like a small star.

istrimlayin a streamlined, built without excess corners or structures. v [c1] build s.t. in a streamlined style.

istrit_1, istrít1 a {1} upright. Istrit kaáyu nang huwísa, dì nà madág bagsak, He’s an upright judge. He doesn’t accept bribes. {2} frank. Istrit ra kaáyu nang manulting tawhána, mahilaw ka lang usáhay, He’s so frank that sometimes he embarrasses you. {3} fluent in speech. Istrit kaáyu nang maistráhang muininglis. Way kunù, That teacher speaks fluent English. She doesn’t stammer. v {1} [A2; b] tell, do frankly. {2} [A; a12] go, walk straight on a road.

istrit_2, istrít2 n {1} straight blow in boxing. {2} straight in poker. v {1} [A; c] deliver a straight blow. Istríti siya arun mutagam, Deliver a straight blow to teach him a lesson. {2} [A12] get a straight hand in poker. {3} [A2; c1] vote a straight ticket. Ayaw istrita (iistrit) pagbutar ang Libiral, Don’t vote straight Liberal. {4} [A2; c1] drink all the contents down without a break.

istrit_3, istrít3 n street. Háin tang istríta na, What street are we on now?

istritbul a the situation in billiards where the cue ball and the target ball are directly in line to the hole.

istritsabul, istritsibul a stretchable cloth. v [A12; b(1)] wear s.t. of stretchable cloth.

istritsir n stretcher. v [c1] carry s.o. on a stretcher.

istrú n {1} straw used in weaving. — bag bag made of straw. {2} straw to drink through. v [A; b5] drink with a straw.

istrubíri n strawberry.

istrúk n good way of doing a particular thing, esp. unusual or unconventional. Lahì sab siyag istrúk mangumidiya kay dì mukatáwa, He tells jokes in an unusual way. He doesn’t laugh. Maáyug istrúk siya nga mangáyug kwarta, He has a smart way of asking for money.

istrúki = istúki.

istrúking = istrúk.

istruksiyun = instruksiyun.

istrungkǎr v [A; a12] take apart, disassemble. istrungkadur n screw driver. v [A; a12] use, make into, hit with a screw driver.

istrúpa n stanza of a sort.

istúb n gas, electric stove. v [A12] get a stove. gas, iliktrik — gas, electric stove.

istudiyanti n student. v {1} [B16; b(1)] be, become a student. {2} [A1; b26] have as a student. Mag-istudiyanti gánì kag tarung, hayáhay kaáyung dad-un ang klási, If you have good students, it is no problem to handle the class.

istudiyu_1 n {1} artist’s or photographer’s studio. {2} motion picture studio. {3} broadcasting studio. v [A13; a] make, make into a studio.

istudiyu_2 v [A; b(1)] {1} study s.t. Giistudiyúhan pa sa duktur ang íyang sakit, The doctors are studying his disease. {2} take a certain course. Lú ang íyang giistudiyúhan, He’s taking up law.

istukáda v [A12C; a2] fence or make motions like fencing. Miibut siya sa íyang sundang ug miistukádang nagpaninggit, He pulled out his sword and raised it in the air shouting.

istúki v [B12C; b3c15] have a heated argument, make an argument heated. Maistúki giyud nà madúgay ang ílang isturya, I bet their conversation is going to end up in an argument. n heated argument.

istula n stole worn by a priest. v [A; c6] use, wear a stole.

istumagu n stomach viewed medically or physiologically. Ang istumagu sa báka duhay hut-ung, A cow’s stomach has two chambers. Pagkáung makadáut sa istumagu, Food which can ruin the stomach.

istúpa v [A; c] stuff s.t. into seams to make them watertight. n material stuffed into seams to make them watertight.

istupádu n {1} k.o. dish made of thinly sliced meat stewed and served with gravy. {2} food with a filling. Istupádung pán, Bread with a meat filling. — nga lansang n dried anchovies (humorous). v [A; a] have istupádu.

istupida = istupidu (female).

istupidu a stupid, doing stupid things. Istupidu! Ngánung gipainum man nímug gátas nga bahù ang bátà? Stupid! Why did you give the child spoiled milk to drink? v [B12; b6] be, become stupid.

isturbu n {1} nuisance, bother. Isturbu kaáyu ning batáa sa ákung pagsuwat, This child is a terrible nuisance to me while I’m writing. {2} public disturbance. v [A3P; a1] make a nuisance or public disturbance. Siyay miisturbu sa bayli, He created a disturbance at the benefit dance. Ayawg isturbuha (isturbúha) si Istir kay natúlug, Don’t disturb Esther. She is asleep.

isturya v {1} [A; c] tell a story. Iisturya didtu sa kurti ang tinúud nga nahitabù, Tell the court what really happened. {1a} tell s.t. untrue. Ayaw kug isturyáhi! Don’t tell me! {1b} tell s.o. about s.t. Ayawg iisturya ning sikritúha, Don’t tell the secret. {2} [A2C; bc3] converse, talk to s.o. Unsay inyung gipanag-isturyáhan? What are you discussing? Kinsa tung ímung gikaisturya? Who were you conversing with? {3} [C1; a12] talk s.t. out with s.o. to reach an understanding. Nagkaisturya na mi ug ang ákung trátu, ug nagkaúlì na mi, I have already talked it out with my girl, and we’re on good terms again. Mas maáyung inyu nang isturyáhun arun dì mu magdinumtanay, You should thrash out your differences so that you won’t end up hating each other. n {1} story. Daghan siyag isturya báhin sa gúbat, He has lots of war stories to tell. {1a} plot of a story. Unsay isturya sa sini? What was the movie about? {1b} s.t. told. Mutúu ka ba sa isturya níyang namatay ang prisidinti? Do you believe his story that the president died? {2} conversation. Taas kaáyu inyung isturya sa tilipunu, Your telephone conversation lasted a long time. {3} talk, useless talk. Daghan nímug isturya. Buháta lang nà, You talk too much. Just go ahead and do it. isturyahánay, isturyahay v [C] converse, tell each other stories. -dur(→) a {1} fond of telling stories. {2} fond of engaging in conversation. Hilumun nà. Dì kaáyu isturyadur, He’s a silent sort. He doesn’t like to talk very much. v [B12; b6] become a good conversationalist.

*istiyúdint wurking — n student working his way through school.

isud, isug = irug, v 1.

ísug a {1} brave, full of guts. Ísug kaáyu si Dyú kay dì mahadluk muatubang ug mikrupunu, Joe is full of guts. He doesn’t hesitate to get up before the microphone. {2} quick to anger, getting fuming mad at the slightest provocation. Pagmatngun sa ímung trabáhu kay ísug ra ba kaáyu ang manidyǐr, Be careful with your work, for the manager is short-tempered. {3} fierce. Ísug ang irù. Dì mudágan, It is a mean dog. He won’t run away. {4} strong in odor, taste, etc. Ísug tabak-un ang Sálim, Salems are strong cigarettes. — ug dugù {1} having highly smelly blood in menstruation. {2} having characteristics that tend to be inherited. Ísug ug dugù nang rasáha. Maáyung paliwatan, That breed has characteristics which tend to appear in the children. It would be good to use for breeding stock. v {1} [B12; c1] be, become brave. Unsang tambála ang makaísug (makapaísug) sa manuk, What medicine can make a fighting cock brave? {2} [B2; b6] be, become quick to get angry. {3} [B] get fierce. {4} [B2; c1] for a smell, taste to get strong. (→) v [A13N] be in a bad mood, continuously angry. Nag-isug (nagpangisug) siya kay dakug pildi sa tárì, He’s in a bad mood because he lost heavily in the cockfight. paN- v [A; b(1)] {1} be fuming mad. Ug mangísug na gánì ang maistra, mahílum dáyun ang klási, Once the teacher starts to bark, the class becomes quiet. {2} for meteorological phenomena to be violent. Gihampak sa nangísug nga balud, Beaten by the violent waves. {3} for the penis to erect. Nangísug ang íyang buhì sa dihang nakakitag páa, His penis grew erect when he saw a woman’s thigh. {4} insist, strive hard to do s.t. Ug wà pa giyud ku mangísug nga muuban, dì untà ku makaanhi, Had I not insisted on coming along, I wouldn’t have gotten here. Ákù gayung pangisgan nga magmalampúsun aku sa ákung mga gimbuhátun, I will strive hard to be successful in my undertakings. papaN- v [a12] get s.o. angry. Papangisgun (papangisúgun) ku siya, I’ll get his goat. ka- n bravery. {2} nerve to do s.t. May kaísug ka pa uruy nga misulti nákù nga gihigugma mu pa aku, You’ve got a nerve to tell me that you still love me. ma- a very brave, fierce, quick to anger, for a smell to get strong. v [B1456] be strong in spirit, courageous. Kinahanglang magmaísug kita sa pagpakig-atúbang sa matúud, Let us be brave enough to face reality. ma-un a {1} in a brave, courageous way. Maisúgun siyang miasdang sa mga kaáway, He faced his enemies courageously. {2} in an angry way. Maisúgun siyang namúlung, He spoke angrily.

ísul_1 v [A; cP] move backwards without turning around. Iísul (ipaísul) ang trák ngadtus iskína, Back the truck up to the corner. n the triangular structure of a fowl or bird from which the tail feathers grow. (→) = ísul_1, n.

ísul_2 = irug, v1.

iswag = irug, v1.

iswid = giswid.

iswim_1 n k.o. dance characterized by motions similar to swimming. v [A] dance this dance.

iswim_2 [A12] drink, esp. in a spree (slang). Nakaiswim tingáli si Rupínu kay puwa man ang tápay, Rufino must have drunk again because his ears are red.

iswis exclamation expressing that s.t. has been put in just the right place. Iruga pa. Hustu na. Iswis, Move it a bit. Enough. That’s it.

isyu_1 v [A; b] issue a license, permit, or the like. Giisyúhan ka na ba ug bag-ung lisinsiya? Have you been issued a new license?

isyu_2 n {1} issue of a periodical. {2} political issue. v [B126; c1] be, become a political issue. Ngánung isyuhun (iisyu) pa man giyud sa kaatbang ang kamahal sa palalitun? Why does the opposite camp have to make a political issue of the high cost of living?

íta_1 short for tagái ta. please give me some.

íta_2, ità = ayta_1.

itad-itad v [AB26; a] stretch s.t. to make it go a long way, for s.t. to be stretched out. Muitad-itad ang kwarta ug buut giyud, If you really want to make the money stretch, you can. Itad-itarun námù ang bugas kun dúna miy kamúti, We will make the rice go further if we have sweet potatoes.

itay n Father.

itbi n 8-B, a recently introduced variety of rice.

itgam = igtam.

iti v [B2; b6] {1} dry up, evaporate to dryness. Muiti (maiti) na sad ang mga sapà ning iníta, The rivers will dry up again in this heat. Giithan (hiithan) ang linung-ag kamúti, The water in the cooked sweet potatoes has boiled away. {2} for s.t. that is prepared by evaporation to come out powdery and not good. Muiti ang sabun ug palabian sa síga, Soap turns into powder if the flame is too high. {3} [AN; b6(1)] for fowls and birds to excrete their bodily wastes. Bugáwa ang manuk dihà sa hawanan kay tingálig mangiti (muiti), Shoo the chickens out of the living room because they will make a mess. hunsuy nga mu- ug mani n small caliber firearm (lit. tobacco pipe that excretes peanuts—slang). {4} [b4] get inside a woman, esp. in an extra-marital affair (slang). n {1} what results when the process of boiling off is not properly done. {2} excrement of birds, fowl, lizards, crabs. {3} — ug langgam k.o. sweet potato with white-colored flesh and red skin.

íti eighty (usually said of scores, grades). v [A12; c1] get eighty, make s.t. eighty. Ug makaíti ka, pasar ka, If you get an eighty, you pass. Kinahanglan nga itíhun nímu ang ímung grádu, You must get a grade of eighty.

itì n term of address for a male much younger than the speaker.

itiíti v [A; b] run at a slow pace with short steps. Mag-itiíti na lang ku kay kápuy na ikusug ug dágan, I will just trot because I’m too tired to run fast.

ítik_1 n {1} white duck. {2} pimp (slang). v [B16; a2] be, become a pimp. paN- v [A2] work as a pimp. -an(→) n duck farm. v [A1C12; c6] raise ducks. itik-itik n {1} name of a folk dance characterized by an imitation of the movements of a duck. The dancers wear balintawak costumes. {2} k.o. ornamental vine: Aristolochia elegans. v [AC12] dance the itik-itik.

*ítik_2 pa- n a game of chance where a coin is spun and covered with a cup or s.t. similar and players bet on heads or tails.

itikíta n tailor’s tag sewn into the article. v [A; b6(1)] sew or put a tailor’s tag on s.t.

ítip v [A; c1] clip, crop s.t. very close. Muítip kaáyug putul ang lunmúwir sa sagbut, The lawn mower cuts the grass very short. Kinsa kahay nag-ítip ug gunting ning kuku sa bátà? Who cut the baby’s fingernails so short? Itípun (iítip) ba nátù pagputul ang mga sanga sa kamunggay? Shall we cut these kamunggay branches very short? a cropped short.

ítir n ether.

itirinaryu n itinerary.

itlib v [AN; a2] {1} bite gently with the front teeth. Miitlib (nangitlib) siya sa íyang ngábil arun dílì mahikatawa, He just bit his lips to keep from laughing. {2} nibble at. Itlíbun lang sa isdà ang paun apan dílì ang tagà, The fish just nibbles at the bait but not the hook. — ug asin v [A13] be so hard up as to have barely anything to eat (lit. bite salt). Nag-itlib mig asin sa kapait pagkapapha sa ákung bána, We can barely eat now since my husband got fired.

itlug n {1} egg. {2} testicles. putì ug, ang — cowardly. v {1} [AN; b6(1)] lay an egg. Muitlug (mangitlug) na tingáli ang himungáan, The hen is probably going to lay eggs. {2} [A13C13] serve, eat eggs. Mag-itlug lang ta sa pamáhaw, Let’s just have eggs for breakfast. {3} [a12] hit in the testicles. Nikúum si Kusáka kay naitlug, Kosaka doubled up in pain because he was hit in the testicles. paN- n laying of eggs. Ang mga manuk nga íyang gipamalit álang sa pangitlug, The hens he bought are for laying eggs. -ánan n nesting place. -in- a {1} egg-shaped. {2} yellow in color.

itnib (from binti) n twenty (slang).

itsa v {1} [c] throw, toss s.t. towards; be thrown off from a position due to impact. Didtu siya mag-itsa sa íyang láya sa may lawumlawum, He cast his net in the deep part of the sea. Naitsa sa layù ang táwu dihang mibutu ang mína, The man was thrown a long way when the mine exploded. Iitsa ra ngari nákù ang ákung káwù, Toss me my hat. {2} [A; b6(1)] shoot the ball in basketball. Tagsa ray sipyat ug siyay muitsa, He rarely misses when he shoots the ball. — ug tualya v [A; b6(1)] in boxing, throw the towel to a boxer to signify surrender. Itsáhi nag tualya ang ímung buksidur kay gihímu na lang nang pantsing bag, Toss your boxer a towel. He is being turned into a punching bag. — puyra v [A; c1] remove s.o. from a job, position, dwelling without ceremony. Itsa puyráhun (iitsa puyra) nátù nang mga iskuwátir, Let’s kick those squatters out. — sa kálù throw one’s hat in the ring, enter a political race. itsaitsa n shooting of the ball into the basket for fun and practice. v [A; c] do some practice shooting in basketball.

itsar v {1} [A123P; b] cause to move the bowels. Giitsaran (giitsahan) siyag dalì sa purga, The purgative caused her to have a B.M. in no time. {2} [A13; a4] have loose bowel movements. Nag-itsar (giitsar) ang bátà, Her child has loose B.M. {3} excrete s.t. from the body. Miitsar ang íyang dugù pag-alsa níyag bug-at, She had a profuse discharge of menstrual blood when she lifted s.t. heavy. Dúgay kang itsahan (itsáhan) ug mugámit kag ritardiks, It will take you a long time to come if you use retardex.

itsas_1 = hitsu.

itsas_2 a one who has completed the fixed number of points for winning in pool billiards. v [B23(1)6; a2] wrap up the game in pool.

itsay n {1} mistress. {2} girl friend. v [A2; a12] keep a mistress.

itsiban n medicinal plaster applied to sore places (from the brand name Itchiban).

itsu diritsu = hitsu diritsu. see hitsu.

itsus v [AC; a2] have sexual intercourse (slang). Nag-itsus ang managtrátu sa sulud sa mutil, The two sweethearts made love in the motel.

itsuy n {1} male lover. {2} chum, buddy (slang). Short form: tsuy. Itsuy, padagkúta ku, Let me have a light, pal. {2a} term of address between intimate male friends. Ása ka, tsuy, Where are you going, pal? v [A; c16] have a male lover.

ítu n general name for catfish. itúhun a coloration of chicken feathers, variety of a talisáyun or lambuhun type: dark green feathers interspersed with black or grey feathers, esp. on the breast.

ítuk v [A23; a1b3] {1} provoke s.o., make s.o. angry. Naítuk ang bána kay dugayan mag-ílis ang asáwa, The husband was irritated because his wife took so long to get dressed. Hikaiktan (giitúkan) ku sa ákung inahan kay dúgay kung mipaúlì, My mother got angry at me because I came home late. {2} stimulate interest in s.t. Itúkun ku siya sa pagpanulat, I’ll stimulate his interest in writing. ka- n anger. ma-un a done with annoyance.

itum a black. — ug dílà a having a black spot on the tongue, a sign that a person is a buyágan. — ug kasingkásing, tanlag cruel, heartless. Way kalúuy ang itum ug tanlag, The heartless fellow has no mercy. v [AB; a] become black, make s.t. black. Akuy miitum sa sapátus mung putì, I dyed your white shoes black. Muitum (maitum) ang ímung úban ug ímung tináun, Your grey hair will turn black if you dye it. (←) v [B14] be very black. Nag-ítum na lang ang ákung buktun sa mga bun-ug, My arms were black with bruises. itman n k.o. large, black, fresh-water shrimp. -un a somewhat dark or black-colored. Dì siya angayang magsul-ub ug pula kay itumun, She doesn’t look good in red because she is dark-complexioned.

it-un a intelligent. Ang bátang it-un dalì rang musabut, An intelligent child easily understands. v [B12] become intelligent.

*ítung pa- v [A; b6] {1} stay put and do nothing when told to do s.t. or when there is a clear need. Nagpaítung nà siya bísan ug walay túbig ilung-ag, He just sits there doing nothing even though there is no water to cook with. {2} endure s.t. without moving. Nagpaítung sila sa katugnaw nga nagpaábut sa trák, They sat around shivering waiting for the bus.

ítus v [A; a] evaporate or boil off liquid from a mixture until it reaches a certain consistency. Itúsun nákù ang arníbal arun maispísu, I’ll boil the syrup so that it will become thick. -an(→) n evaporating dish.

itus-ítus v [A; a12] bear intense hardships or sorrow alone. Masakit ka ug muitus-ítus lang ka sa ímung kaguul, You’ll get sick if you bear your sorrow in silence. Itus-itúsun námù ang kalisud arun mu makatunghà, We will go through hardships so that you can have an education.

ítut v [AC; a12] have sexual intercourse (coarse slang). Itútun níya ang ílang binatunan, He will screw their maid.

ituy n puppy, kid of goats, baby of monkeys and some other animals. ituy-ítuy v [AP; b(1)] kowtow to, behave obsequiously to. Muituy-ítuy (mupaituy-ítuy) siya sa mayur arun hatágag pabur, He will fawn on the mayor to get a favor. Nagpaituy-ítuy siya sa dalágang íyang gihaláran, He fawned on the lady he courted. Ituy-itúyi (paituy-itúyi) ang ímung ámu ug gustu kang umintúhan, Serve your boss obsequiously if you want to be promoted. n {1} young of a squash, esp. the climbing variety. {2} shill, one employed in gambling to act as a customer and attract bettors to the game. {3} one who kowtows.

íwa n wet nurse. v [A; c1] act as a wet nurse, be made wet nurse. Nakaíwa kug bátang hilak, I have nursed a baby that tends to cry.

iwad = igwad.

íwag v [AN; b] illuminate with a moveable source of light. Iwági sa ispat ang dā́n nga ímung agian, Light your way with a flashlight. (→) n {1} moveable light used to illuminate s.t. {2} light, source of inspiration or guidance. Ang ákung hinigugma mauy gihímù kung iwag sa ákung kinabúhì, My sweetheart is the light of my life. paN- v [A2C12; b(1)] go fishing using a light to attract the fish. -in-an, in-an(→), pinang-an n fish caught using a light.

iwang-íwang v [A3PB5; b6c1] walk with the legs apart due to pain in the groin or fat legs. Nag-iwang-íwang siya paglakaw kay may hubag ang íyang búgan, He’s walking with his legs apart because he has a boil in his groin.

iwas, íwas v [A; b(1)] {1} slip away from, get out of the way. Miiwas siya sa íyang mga kúyug nga pulus hubug, He slipped away from his companions who were all drunk. Kun wà pa makaiwas, igù na untà siya, Had he not dodged, he would have been hit. {2} avoid doing s.t. Ubligasiyun nga dílì maiwasan, Obligations one cannot avoid. {3} [A3] miss a mark. Miiwas ug diyútay sa íyang úlu ang bala, The bullet missed his head by just a little bit. Miíwas hinúun ka sa ámung pista, You missed our fiesta (came after it).

íway v [A2; ab2] move out of the way, cause s.t. to do so. Miíway ang mga táwu pag-ági sa bumbíru, The people moved aside when the fire truck passed by. Pag-íway sa pangánud, nakítà ang búlan, When the clouds drifted away, you could see the moon. Mga pulis ang miíway sa mga táwu nga nag-ali sa agiánan, The police cleared the people who were blocking the route out of the way. Iwáya ang mga kúgun, Push the saw grass out of the way. — sa kadáut v [AP; c6] spare s.o. from a mishap or danger. Ákù ta kang iíway sa kadáut kay gimahal ta ka, I’ll keep you from danger, for I love you.

iwígik v [A2S; b3] for pigs to squeal. Miiwígik ang babuy pagkadungug sa hugangkul sa baldi, The pig squealed when it heard the clatter of the pail.

íwik = iwígik.

iwit a last in a race, class, or anything where things are compared. Iwit siya sa klási, He’s the dumbest in the class. v [B126; b] come out last. Naiwit (nangiwit) siya sa banggà sa lánguy, She came out last in the swimming race. Dílì siya maiwit sa hitsuraay lang, If you consider looks, she doesn’t come out bad (lit. the last). pa- v [A13] allow oneself to be outdone. Wà siya magpaiwit. Mitindug ug mibayli pud, He did not let himself be outdone. He got up and danced too.

íya preposed gen. form from siya. Iyang libru, His book. Íyang gibása, He read it. sa -ng lagay, luslus (or any part of the body) strong expression of disbelief (coarse, if a coarse word is used; not coarse, if a mild word is used). Mangasáwa sa íyang túngul, unsay ibuhì, Get married, my foot (lit. stomach)! What will they live on? — ra, — ra dì manakud phrase uttered when discussing s.t. bad that happened to s.o. to forestall the possibility that it should happen to anyone else. Kadakù sa íyang kabahung, íya ra dì manakud, My, what a huge ulcer! God forbid that anyone else should get it. v [a3] be his, hers. Maíya ni ug íyang bayran, It will be his if he pays for it. iyaíya, iyáhay v [A13] {1} each one did [so-and-so]. Nag-iyáhay silag panghílak pagkadungug sa balità, Each one of them cried upon hearing the news. {2} each do alone for himself. Nag-iyaíya (nag-iyáhay) silag lung-ag, Each cooked his own dinner. sig- [A13] each one [does, did] to his own. Nagsig-íyag pamaúlì ang mga táwu dihang nag-ulan, All the people returned to their own homes when it rained. tag- n owner. Siyay tag-íya sa sini Uryinti, He is the owner of the Oriente theater. v [B1256] {1} become the owner of. Ug siyay matag-íya sa tindáhan, wà nay mupalit didtu, If he is the owner of the store, nobody will buy there. {2} [A12] have acquired possession. Pára nakatag-íya ug usa ka taksi garbúsu na siya kaáyu, Just because she acquired a taxi, she has become very haughty. paN- v [A2; b5] own s.t. Gastúsu kaáyu ning manag-íya ta ug awtu, It is expensive to own a car. tag-iyáhan a having an owner. Dílì ni ikabaligyà kay tag-iyáhan na ni, I cannot sell it because s.o. owns it. see also idyaidya, kadaíya, and kinaíya.

iyà n title or term of address for women, much older than the speaker. v [A; a12] call s.o. by this title. -an n aunt. v [A12; b8] have an aunt. -an sa pag-agáwan n cousin (of any degree) of one’s father or mother.

iyágak v [A2S; b3] {1} for a chicken to squawk in pain. {2} for a child to cry upon being punished. Muiyágak ka man lagi ug hibunalan, You’ll cry if I hit you. {3} cry out in pain like a chicken, squawk. n squawking of fowl, cry of a naughty child, or similar sound.

íyak v [A; b3] chirp, cheep. Muíyak ang mga pisù, The chicks will cheep. n chirping, cheeping.

iyak-iyak n k.o. bird, the barred graybird: Coracina striata.

iyása = iása_1.

iyat a {1} snobbish, unwilling to mix with people deemed inferior. Iyat na siya kay naidukar man sa syudad, She is snobbish now because she went to school in the city. {2} choosy, unwilling to take s.t. one deems not up to his class. Iyáta nímu uy, dì ka man musakay ug paráda, My, how choosy you are. You won’t ride on a rig. v [B2] become snobbish or choosy and particular.

iyawan = awayan. see áway.

iyáwat for s.t. small to be of some use. Díay diyis iyáwat na lang ning ikapugung sa gútum, Here’s ten cents. Perhaps this might help stave off hunger. Dì ku ibaligyà ning yútà. Iyáwat ra ni sa ákung mga anak, I won’t sell this piece of land. It will surely be of use for my children. v [AN; a12] make good use of s.t. one has little of or can only get in limited quantities. Mag-iyáwat ka sa dáan mung sapátus, Wear your old shoes to economize. Iyawáta ang ímung panahug tuun, Make good use of your limited time by studying. (→) {1} = iyáwat. {2} [AN; a12] do s.t. in order to save on s.t. or get s.t. not readily available. Mikúyug siya nákù kay nangiyawat nga malibri sa plíti, He came along with me because he could save by having me pay the fare. Miapil siya sa tím kay giiyawat ang unipurmi, He joined the team to get a free uniform.

iyù n term of address or title for a man much older than the speaker. v [A; a12] call s.o. by this title. Iyù Hantuy Uncle John, the imaginary character representing the Filipino people (s.t. like the American Uncle Sam). Gituntu si Iyù Hantuy sa mga pulitiku, Politicians are taking advantage of Uncle John.

*iyukaristiku Kunggrísu — Eucharistic Congress.

Iyurúpa = urúpa.

íyut v [A2SC; a2b2] have sexual intercourse with (avoided word). Ikay nag-iyut sa míd? Did you screw the maid? íyut ta, yuta coarse interjection of disbelief. Yuta! Mu nay íyang gisulti apan dì ku mutúu, My foot! That’s what he says, but I don’t believe it. pala-(→) a having great appetite for screwing.

=== K ===

ka_1 see ikaw.

ka_2 {1} linker between numeral and noun. Tulu ka mansánas, Three apples. Líbu ka líbu, Thousands and thousands. {2} between isig or masig and nouns. Ísig nímu ka táwu, Your fellow men. Ang ílang masig ka áping, Each of their cheeks. {3} — ug particle in expressing alternative situations: ‘be it ... or’. Manágat giyud siya mag-ulan kag mag-ínit, He goes fishing rain or shine.

*ka_3 sa — [name], íla — [name] at [name]’s place. Adtu ku sa ka Banung (íla ka Banung), I am going to Banong’s place.

ka_4 n letter K.

ka-_1 = naka-. see maka-_1.

ka-_2 affix forming nouns which mean ‘one’s co-[noun]’. Ákung kaklási, My classmate. Ákung katagilungsud, My fellow townsman. Ákung kaáway, My opponent.

ka-_3 affix added to adjectives. Adjectives plus ka- have these uses: {1} as nouns which mean ‘the state of being [so-and-so]’. Tungud sa ákung kasubù, Because of my sorrow. Ang katahum sa palíbut, The beauty of the surroundings. {2} in exclamations. Kagwápu sa ímung balay! What a beautiful house you have! Kadakù! How big it is! {3} after unsa to form a phrase: how (to what extent) s.t. is [adj.]. Unsa kadakù? How big is it? Dì mabatbat kun unsa kangilngig, Words cannot describe how horrible it was.

ka-_4 = maka-_2.

ká n hemorrhoids. Gipaupirahan na ba níya ang ká sa íyang lubut? Did he have his hemorrhoids operated on?

káag v [B6; c16] move in haste. Nakáag (mikáag) siya kay mibagting na ang alas syíti, She was in a hurry because it was already seven o’clock. (→) a doing s.t. with great haste and carelessly. Kaag kaáyu kang mamuhatbuhat. May mga sayup, You are very fast but careless in your work. You made lots of mistakes. v [B15; a12] be, become careless. Kinsa guy musálig nímus trabáhu nga nagkaag ka man lang? Who would trust your work when you work so carelessly?

ka-an_1 inflectional affix: the local passive potential, future. see -an_1.

ka-an_2 affix forming nouns {1} added to adjectives to form nouns which mean ‘the quality of [adj.]’. Kalampúsan, Success. Kalipáyan, Happiness. Ang íyang kasuk-ánun mauy usa ka kasukwahían sa íyang maáyung pamatásan, His quickness to anger is not in harmony with his good manners. {2} added to nouns or adjectives to form nouns which refer to a group of [noun]’s. Ang mga kabatáan, The children. Balay sa kahiláyan, Den of vice. Kanipáan, Nipa swamp. {2a} forming numbers, the multiples of ten’s. Katluan, Thirty. Kapituan, Seventy.

ka-an_3 (←) affix added to adjectives which refer to a state to form nouns which refer to the achievement of the state. Way katin-áwan ang inyung burúka, Your case has not reached a clear resolution. Way kahusáyan ang inyung burúka ug isig pasángil, Your case will never be resolved if all you do is accuse each other.

kaang_1 n flowerpot. v [A; c16] plant in a flowerpot.

kaang_2 a having legs apart when walking. v [B; a12P] walk with legs apart. Mukaang siya ug lakaw kay may hubag sa bilahan, He walks with legs apart because he has a boil in the crotch.

kaangkáang v [A; b(1)] go here and there, from place to place in excitement. Nagkaangkáang siya ug pangítag kwarta nga íyang mabáwun, He went here and there excitedly looking for money to take with him on his trip.

káat v [A; a12] go out and wander around aimlessly to pass idle time. Mukáat ku kay gilaáyan ku dinhi, I’ll go out and mess around because I’m bored here.

kába v [A; a] {1} carry close to the chest or strapped to the back. Ang inahang ungguy nga nagkába sa íyang ituy, A mother monkey carrying its little one. {2} carry a house to move it. Gikába níla ang balay ngadtu sa tabuk, They carried the house across the street. n = kabahan. (→) v [A; b(1)] copulate, esp. animals. Ang irù mukaba bísag náa atubángan sa daghang táwu, Dogs will copulate even in front of people. kabahan n strap for a load carried on the back.

kabad v [A23] run or walk instantly without hesitation. Mikabad pagpanágan ang mga sugarul sa pagkakità níla sa pulis, The gamblers took to their heels when they saw the police.

kábag v [B46; b4] have gas pains. Gikabágan ku humag káun sa nangkà, I had gas pains after eating the jackfruit. n gas pain.

kabaghak = baláhak.

kabahíru = byatilis.

kabahung n large and deep sore caused by an infection. v [B2; b4] get a sore. Makabahung nang núka kun dì tagdun, That sore will turn into an ulcer if you don’t take care of it. Gikabahungan ang íyang tiil, His foot developed a deep ulcer. -un a having deep ulcers.

kabàkábà n {1} k.o. butterfly, orange in color, and unusually big. {2} k.o. sailboat the sail of which looks like butterfly wings. v [B1256] {1} turn into a kabàkábà butterfly. {2} ride, make into this sort of sailboat.

kabal n one point short of winning. Kabal na ang ámung iskur. Usa na lang ka syát, daug na, Our score is just one point short of winning. One more shot to victory. v [B2] reach a score which is one point to winning.

kabalungga n k.o. medicinal oil made from the snake melon (Trichosanthes quinquangulata).

kabalíti = kabilíti.

kabalyiríya n cavalry, horse-mounted soldier (not mechanized).

kabalyíru_1 n {1} gentleman. {2} acting like a gentleman. {3} spending liberally. prísu — {1} one under house arrest. {2} trustee in prison who can go about as he pleases. v [AB12; c1] spend on a liberal scale, become a liberal spender. Wà giyuy búngang makúhà ug kabalyirúhun (ikabalyíru) ug gastu ang kwarta, No good can result of it if he spends money lavishly.

kabalyíru_2 n k.o. small ornamental tree with pinnate leaves bearing red or yellow flowers: Caesalpinia pulcherrima.

kabalyíti = kabilíti.

kabalyu, kabalyus n horsepower. Tris kabalyus, Three horsepower.

kaban_1 n trunk, chest. v [a12] store in a trunk. — mundu n trunk with a rounded top and lined with upholstery tacks along its sides. -in- a rectangular in shape. v [a12] make into a rectangular shape. Kinabana pagtábas ang líab sa ákung sinínà, Cut the neckline of my dress square. kabankaban n k.o. bivalve, so called because it opens and closes like a trunk.

kaban_2 n measurement equivalent to twenty-five gantas. Usa ka kaban nga bugas humay, A cavan of rice. -is(←) cavans (plural).

kabang a {1} spotted, splotched. Ang ákung iring kabang putì ug itum, My pet cat is spotted white and black. {2} unevenly painted or cut. Kabang ang íyang tupi, His haircut is uneven. {3} uneven in voice because of fright, adolescence, and the like. Kabang ang íyang tíngug kay hápit na maulitáwu, His voice is uneven because he is an adolescent. v [B2; a] be splotched, uneven. Nagkabang ang íyang nawung sa ap-ap, His face is splotched with fungus. (←) v [B145] intensely uneven or splotched. Nagkábang ang íyang nawung sa pulbus, Her face was splotched with powder.

kab-ang n hook, crook. v [AB3; ac] hook around s.t., for a crook to catch onto s.t., cause it to do so. Mikab-ang (nakab-ang) ang angkla sa dakung batu mau nga wà mabira, The anchor hooked on a big stone. That’s why we couldn’t get it up. Nagkab-ang ang gunitánan sa páyung sa lansang, The umbrella is hung by the handle over the nail. Ikab-ang ug hugut ang ímung buktun sa sanga, Hook your arm tight around the branch. n hook that holds or grabs s.t.

kabangáhan = balbangáan.

kabarit n cabaret. -íra n cabaret girl.

kabaryu = byatilis.

kabási n gizzard shad: Nematalosa nasus and Anodontostoma chacunda.

kábat = kalábat.

Kabatáang Makabáyan n name of a militant, leftist youth organization (Pilipino for Patriotic Youths).

kabatkabat v [A; a] hop from island to island in going s.w. Gikabatkabat sa mga kuntrabandista ang mga pulù, The smugglers hopped from one island to another.

kábaw_1 = kalabaw.

kábaw_2 n female genitalia (euphemism).

kabawkábaw = kinalabaw. see kalabaw.

kab-ay v [A; b6(1)] lay the forearms over s.t., generally for support. Mikab-ay siya sa barútu dihang gikápuy nag linanguy, He hung onto the boat when he grew tired of swimming.

kabayru {1} = kabalyíru_2. {2} = byatilis.

kabáyù n {1} horse. {2} paramour (slang). {3} knight in chess. {4} face card showing a horse in Spanish cards, worth eleven. — sa dágat sea horse. — sa dáru plow beam. (→) v [A; ac] {1} ride, bring s.t. on a horse. {2} ride, mount on s.t. Bansay siyang mukabayù sa bisiklíta, She rides a bicycle expertly. {3} [A; b6] be on top of s.o. in wrestling or similar activity. {3a} have sexual intercourse with (slang). Nakakabayù aku níyag kas-á, I have had intercourse with her once. {3b} [b6] be mobbed. Gikabay-an sa mga batan-un ang mga artista, The movie stars were mobbed by the young people. kinabay-anay v [c] have intercourse. Udtung tútuk, nagkinabay-anay pa gihápun! It’s high noon and they are still having intercourse! Culu-, kabayùkabáyù n {1} folding ironing board. {2} toy horse. -in- n {1} long-armed corn grinder. {2} = kulukabáyù, 1. kinabay-an n manner of riding. -un a horse-like. Kabayúug nawung, Horse-faced.†

kabdus = mabdus.

kabhang = alukabhang.

kábi = kábig.

kabiba, kabíba v {1} [A; c1] carry s.t. strapped or slung over the shoulder. Hasta bátà nga gamay kabibahan pa giyud ug putus, Even the small child has to carry a package over her shoulders. {2} [A; b6(1)] wear s.t. wrapped around the torso. Nagkabíba siyang nalígù, She took a bath with s.t. wrapped around her body. {3} [A; c1] {a} make into a shoulder strap. {b} make into a chemise or s.t. to wrap around the body. n {1} shoulder strap. {2} loose chemise or anything wrapped around the torso.

kabíbat v [ac] climb holding on to s.t. with both hands, climb up to get. Kabibáta kanang mga sambag nga hinug, Climb up to get those ripe tamarinds. Ikabíbat ang písì ngadtu, Climb up there to put the rope up.

kabibit v {1} [A; c] hold on to s.t. Nagkabibit kug malíta, I was carrying a suitcase. Sanga nga íyang gikabibitan, The branch he was holding on to. {2} [A; b] {a} put a handle onto s.t. {b} make s.t. into a handle. n handle, s.t. with which one holds on to s.t.

kábig v [A3P; a] {1} make s.t. move toward one; attract towards s.o., to s.t. Nakábig ákung pagtagad sa manánuy níyang tíngug, Her sweet voice attracted my attention. Kining tawhána nagkábig sa íyang signus kay kiat kaáyung mudráyib, This fellow is courting danger with his reckless driving. Kabíga (ikábig) ang túbig sa kanal, Draw the water towards the ditch. {2} convert. Kabíga (ikábig) ang mga Múrus, Convert the Muslims. (→) n convert.

kabíkab v [A2S; a2] climb up with the hands taking an important part. Makabíkab ku ning inyung bintánà kay náay káhuy sa tapad, I can climb up to your window because there is a tree next to it.

kabíkag = kabíkab.

kabil v [A; ab2] touch, brush against s.t. lightly. Nabanggaan ímung awtu? Wà, nakabilan lang, Did you wreck your car? No, it was just scratched. -l-un(←), -únun a touchy, sensitive. Kalabílun (kabilúnun) nà siyag buut. Daling masukù, He’s very sensitive. He gets angry right away.

kabílaw n k.o. slender, creeping herb of waste places, with sticky sap used as a poultice for disorders of the uterus: Commelina benghalensis.

kabildu n conversation. v [C; ac] converse. Nagkabildu mi báhin sa ámung trabáhu, We were talking about our jobs. Ngánung mangísug ka man? Kabildúhun ta lang gud ni, Why do you have to blow your top? We can talk this out calmly. Unsa may inyung gikabildúhan (gipanagkabildúhan)? What were you talking about? kabilduhay v [C] converse. Culu- = kabildu.

kabilinggan n {1} impediment to one’s freedom of action. Makalangyaw ku kay ulitáwu pang way kabilinggan, I’m free to travel as I am unmarried and have no responsibilities. Dúnay kabilinggan ang yútà, There’s some problem with the title to that land. walay — {a} of no impediment. {b} of no importance. Dinhay áway piru wà tuy kabilinggan, There was a fight, but it was nothing worth talking about. Way kabilinggan nang samára. Kadlas ra, That wound was nothing. It was just a scratch. Way kabilinggan ug hutdan tag kwarta kay makahuwam ta, It doesn’t matter if we run out of money because we can always borrow. {2} responsibility. Dakung kabilinggan ang pagkuput ug dakung kwarta, It’s a big responsibility to be in charge of a large sum of money. {3} things to attend to. Dúgay siyang maulì kay may kabilinggan pang giatiman sa upisína, He will come home late because he has s.t. to attend to at the office. -un a having responsibilities.

kabilíti n ridge pole of a roof. v [A; a12b(1)] make, put in a ridge pole.

kabilkabil = kawilkawil. see kawil.

kabilúsu a ready to take offense and therefore trouble-prone. Dílì katiáwan ang táwung kabilúsu, You can’t play jokes on people who take offense easily. v [B1; c5] become readily offended and therefore trouble-prone. Ug magkabilúsu ka íning dapíta, tabangan ka giyud sa mga buguy dinhi, If you act touchy around these parts, the toughs will gang up on you.

kabilya n {1} bars for reinforcing concrete. {2} iron bars for window grills. v [c] put iron bars in.

kábin n ship’s cabin. v [A1] travel cabin class.

kab-ing = kab-ang.

kabinit n cabinet, case with drawers or shelves for medicine, food, jewelry, etc.

kabir v [A2; a3b8] make a profit. Dakug makabir ang nigusyung ismagling, There’s a big profit to be made in the smuggling business. Bay-ansil mauy ákung nigusyung nakabiran, I made profit in the business of buying and selling.

kábir n cover. v {1} [A; b6(1)] put a cover on s.t. Kabíri ang libru arun dì mahúgaw, Put cover on the book so it won’t get dirty. {2} [A; c] protect oneself from blows with the hands. Mukábir siya dáyun kun dyában, He covers immediately if his opponent jabs him. {3} cover the ball in a volleyball game. Páwul kay síku ímung gikábir, Foul! You covered the ball with your elbow. kabirkábir v [A13] dílì, walà — fail to keep s.t. concealed, be direct where propriety requires the opposite. Sa walay kabirkábir íya akung gihingawátan, Without beating around the bush, he accused me of being a thief.

kabísa n {1} provincial capital. {2} village chief. — dibaranggay, sa baryu = kabísa, 2. v [B156; a12] be, become the village chief.

kabisáda n bridle. v {1} [A; a] put a bridle. {2} [a12] make into a bridle.

kabisádu a {1} have complete knowledge of s.t. Kabisádu na nákù ang (kabisádu na aku sa) mga dálan dinhi, I’m completely familiar with roads here. {2} have complete knowledge of a procedure. Kabisádu kaáyu siya sa mga makina, He is very knowledgeable about engines.

kabisdak n an old variety of paddy rice with long, white grains.

kabisilya n head of the table. v [A; b] sit, seat at the head of the table.

kabisíra n {1} capital town. {2} seat at the place at the table occupied by the most honored person in the group.

kabit v [A; b6(1)] {1} cling to, hang on to. Punù na kaáyu ang trák. Mukabit lang ta, The truck is already full. Let’s just hang on to the sides. {2a} join in on a transportation franchise on a minor basis. Mukabit na lang sila sa ámung linya kay duruha ra man ka buuk ang ílang dyip, They have decided to let their jeep run on our line as they only have two. {2b} hook up to a telephone with another line. {3} set decorations in another material. Ang sinínà sa birhin gikabitan ug mga brilyanti, The dress of the image was inlaid with diamonds. {4} [B126] be late in planting (grab on to the tail end of the season). Makabit giyud ning átung pagpugas tungud sa kadúgay sa ulan, We’ll be late sowing because the rains came late. {5} [A; a12] take a paramour or lover. n {1} connection of public transportation, party line in telephone. Bísi kaáyu ang tilipunu kay daghang kabit, The telephone is very busy because there are a lot of party lines. {2} s.o. with whom one has extra-marital relations. Nahibalu na giyud ang asáwa nga may kabit diay si Tiruy, The wife finally found out that Terry had a paramour. {3} planted at the end of the season.

kábit n gambling game of tossing coins, where bets are placed on heads or tails. v [AC; c3] toss coins.

kab-it = kab-ang.

kabkab_1 v [A; a] dig a hole by scooping out dirt. Gikabkab sa irù ang bukug, The dog dug up the bone. — sa, ang kabúhì v [A; a] press the finger tips into the pit of the stomach to relieve it of kabúhì and massage it with a digging motion. -ay(→) n action of digging and disturbing the surface. Pwirting kabkabay sa mga táwu sa nasunúgan! How the people dug around the ruins of the fire!

kabkab_2 n {1} k.o. fern, grown as an ornamental: Drynaria quercifolia. {2} k.o. light brown, thick, edible fungus.

kabkab_3 = kalabkab.

kabli n cable, wire rope.

kabligráma n cablegram.

kabling v [A; a1] turn s.t. heavy over on its side. Dì ka makakabling ánang aparadur nga mau rang usa, You can’t turn that chiffonier over on its side all by yourself.

kablit v {1} [AN; ab2c] touch, move s.t. by curling the fingers. Maáyu siyang mukablit ug sista, He plays the guitar well. Gikablit ku siya arun mulíngì, I touched her to get her to turn to me. Hikablitan gánì ang gátu, maimpas ka giyud, If you accidentally pull the trigger, you’ll be done for. {2} [A12N; a12] ask a favor readily from a close acquaintance or friend. Makakablit (makapangablit) ta sa átung manidyǐr ug dúna tay kinahanglánun, We can always ask a favor from the manager if ever we need anything. Wà giyud kay makablit dihà sa kustums? Don’t you have any friends (to help us out) at the Customs? -in- v [A; a12] play a guitar. Unsa mang kantaha ang íyang gikinablit? What’s that song he’s playing on the guitar? n action of playing a guitar. -l-un, -l-un(→) a sensitive, easily angered.

kabra v [A; a] {1} break s.t. open by prying it. Bára ray makakabra niánang bintánà, We can force that window open only with an iron bar. Kabráha ang kandádu ug way yáwi, Force the lock open if there’s no key. {2} remove a big portion from s.t. Kabráha nang pánit nga kagumkum, Get that big chunk of crunchy skin of the roast pig. Wà mahimbà ang búus nga gikabráhan ug usa ka trák nga mais, It hardly seemed to make any difference that they took a truckload of grain from the granary, there was so much. bára di- n crowbar.

kabtang see butang_2.

kabting = kulabting.

kábu n {1} foreman. Ang ákung amahan mauy kábu sa trabáhu sa karsáda, My father is the foreman on the highway construction. {2} corporal in an armed force. v [B156; a12] be, become a foreman or corporal.

kabù v [A; a] {1} dip water, scoop solids out of a container. Kabuun ta ning túbig sa tangki, Dip the water out of the tank. Ayawg ikabù ang ímung básu sa bugas, Don’t use your glass to scoop the rice out. {1a} [A2] take in some water in tilting to one side. Pagtakílid sa barku, nakakabù giyug diyútayng túbig, When the ship listed, it took in some water in the process. {2} fetch water. Túa siya sa atábay, nagkabù, He’s at the well, fetching water. {3} [a12] make, use as water dipper. n s.t. used as a dipper or scoop. kab-anan n {1} container for fetching water. {2} place from which water is fetched. {3} s.t. used to dip or scoop up. paN- v [A2; b6] catch fish fry with a dip net. Mangabù mig bangus páras púnung, We will catch the fry of milkfish with a dip net for the fishpond.

kabud v [A; c] tie ropes, strings, wires around s.t. large. Kinsay nagkabud sa alambri diri sa halígi? Who wound the wire around the post? Ikabud ang písì sa kabáyù sa íyang hiktanan, Tie the rope of the horse to the post. n rope for tying.

kabuduk n red light district.

kabug_1 n k.o. large fruit bat with a dark brown color, growing to a five or even seven-foot wingspan. The flesh is highly esteemed. kabgan n abode of this sort of bat. -in- v [A; b6] stay awake at night and sleep during the day like a bat. Pirmi kung mabilar kay nagkinabug ang bátà, I’m always losing sleep because the child stays awake at night. n a k.o. triple-looped hitch used to fasten a line to a piece of wood so that it will not slip when the rope is pulled parallel to the wood. So called because the loops form what look like a bat’s claws holding to the wood.

kabug_2 n variety of millet (dáwa) that is small, rounded, and dark, but highly prized.

kabugasun, kabugwasun n morning star.

kabúgaw n k.o. astringently sour citrus used for hair rinse and seasoning: Cytrus hystrix.

kabúhì (from búhì) n {1} a pulsating thing located in the abdominal region which is what one feels when one experiences hyper-acidity or other sharp abdominal pains. The cause of these pains is thought to be the displacement of the kabúhì, most often in an upward direction, and treatment is by hot compresses and by massage (kalaykay) to put the kabúhì back in place. Misáka ákung kabúhì sa kutukutu, My kabúhì rose to under my rib cage. {2} this pulsating thing viewed as the seat of life. Unsang urása nabugtù ang íyang kabúhì? What time did he expire (lit. was his kabúhì broken off)? v [A13P; a4b4] have pains because of the kabúhì. Gikabuhían (gikabúhì) aku, I have pains in the abdominal region. (→) = kabúhì, v. -un(→) a tending to get pains caused by kabúhì.

kabukabu n dust that settles on things. v [BN; a4b4] covered with dust, spray. Mikabukabu (nakabukabu, gikabukabuhan, gikabukabu) ang salug kay walay lampasu, The floor was covered with dust because it had not been cleaned. v [A; b6] be swept up by the wind into a fine spray or particles of dust. Nagkabukabu ang dágat, The sea was whipping up a fine spray. kabukabuhun a dusty.

kabúkaw = bukawbukaw. see búkaw_2.

kabulay n a black wax formed as a dwelling place by the kíyut, a honeybee that nests in houses. v [A13; b6] put this k.o. beeswax on s.t.

kabunghan n name of a wind.

kábu nigru = ibyuk.

kaburáta n {1} riding crop. {2} policeman’s club. v [A; a12] strike with a riding crop or policeman’s club.

kabus_1 a very poor, indigent. v [b4] run out of s.t. Nakabsan kami sa pálad, We ran out of luck. Makabsan unyà ta sa bugas, We will run out of rice.

kabus_2 v [AB2; a2b2] for s.t. to slip off from a place it has been put or tied, cause it to do so. Mikabus (nakabus) ang kuríya sa makina, The cord of the machine slipped off. Kinsay nagkabus sa kahun sa bangil? Who pushed the box off of the wedge? Kabusa lang ang bugkus arun maabli ang putus, Just slip the string off so the bundle can be opened.

kabus-uk see bus-uk.

kábut v {1} [A; a1] stir a liquid. Ug kabútun ang nilúgaw, dílì mudukut, If you stir the porridge, it won’t stick. {2} [A; b5] dig a hole in the ground. Íla nang gikabútan (gikábut) ang mga lungag pára sa mga halígi, They have dug up holes for the posts. n hole dug into the ground. (→) n s.t. used to stir liquids.

kab-ut v {1} [A; a12b2] reach for. Kab-úta nang hinug nga byábas, Reach for that ripe guava. Nakab-utan ang ákung buhuk sa ungguy, The monkey managed to get hold of my hair. {2} [A2; a12] attain. Damgu nga gitingúhà námung kab-útun, The dreams we have striven to fulfill. ka-an n achievement, realization. Ang pagkaduktur mauy kakab-útan sa íyang mga damgu, Being a doctor was the realization of his dreams.

kabútan = kulabútan.

kabuway = kabulay.

kabya v {1} [A; c1] move s.t. with a heavy sweeping motion of the arms as in moving water with a paddle or splashing. Mukabya kag kusug arun matúlin ang barútu, Paddle hard to make the boat go fast. Ikabya (kabyáha) ngari ang gabayan arun ákung maabut, Splash the waterwings this way so I can reach them. {1a} move s.t. light with a sweeping motion. Mikabya siya sa kurtína arun sa paglìlì, She moved the curtain aside to peep outside. {2} [A; c] fling water or grains out or into s.t. Huy, kinsa may nagkabya ug túbig sa lagúna? Hey, who threw water out onto the lawn? Ayawg kabyáhig balas ang asíras, Don’t throw sand onto the sidewalk. {2a} toss a ball to a teammate using this k.o. motion. n action of sweeping with the arms or flinging.

kabyára n reddish-brown coloration of a chicken.

kabyaw = kulabyaw.

kabyun = kulabyun.

káda each, every. Káda túig, Each year. Káda káun níla usa ka ganta ang ílang mahurut, Every time they eat, they consume a whole ganta of rice. — usa [dat.] each and every one of (us, you, them). Káda usa kanátù (ang káda usa kanátù) magdalag pusil, Each and every one of us brings a gun.

kadáding n k.o. sweet potato with yellow flesh and white peels.

kadaíya (from káda and íya) a of various kinds. Kadaíya man lang ang prútas nga gibaligyà sa karbun, Fruits of various kinds are sold in the market. v [B1456] be all of different kinds. Nagkadaíya ang mga midisínang gidápat, All different kinds of medicines were administered.

kadal-ug n an old variety of paddy rice with white grains.

kad-ang = kab-ang.

kadangkadang n blight affecting coconut trees. v [a4] have coconut blight. Gikadangkadang ang mga lubi, The trees have coconut blight.

kadastral n cadastre, public records of real estate for purposes of taxation. †

kadaw-ug = kadal-ug.

kadína n chain. Kadína sa bisiklíta, Bicycle chain. v {1} [AB; a] form a chain, cause s.t. to do so. Magkadína kitag búlak, Let’s join these flowers in a chain. Kadináhun nátù ning mga lastiku, We’ll make a chain out of these rubber bands. {2} [b6] shackle with chains. Átù ning kadináhan arun lisud ablíhun, Shackle it with chains to make it difficult to open. — pirpituwa n life imprisonment. — diamur n k.o. small, leafy vine of waste places with tiny pink or white odorless flowers: Antigonon leptopus. — wib n k.o. weave in a series of interlocking chain stitches. Ang muskitírung kadína wib dílì mahilhig, The threads in a mosquito net that is woven with chain stitches cannot be pushed apart. kadiníta n tiny chain worn as jewelry.

kading n one who gossips (slang). Ang mga kading namínaw pag-áyu sa lális sa magtiáyun, The gossips listened with close attention to the couple’s quarrel. v {1} [A; c] tell s.o. of, usually gossip (slang). Kinsay nagkading nímung mabdus si Níla? Who told you that Nella was pregnant? {1a} [A12] receive information, usually gossip (slang). Nakakading kung daghan kunug babáyi si Dyú, I have heard that Joe has many mistresses. {2} [B12; b6] be, become a gossip (slang). (←) v [C; c16] talk idly, gossip together. n action of gossiping idly (slang). Dúgay nahuman ang ílang káding sa tilipunu, Their telephone conversation took a long time.

kadisnun = kardába.

kadíti n cadet.

kadkad = kaladkad.

kadlas a having scratches on the surface. Kadlas kaáyu ang pintal sa ímung awtu, The paint on your car is full of scratches. n scratch, mark left on a surface. Dílì mailhan ang kadlas, The scratch is invisible. v [A13P; a12b2] put a scratch in s.t., make a break on a surface. Hikadlasan ang tapalúdu sa awtu, The fender got scratched. -un a full of scratches. -ánay = tubigtúbig. see túbig. -an(→) n a leader of the defenders in a children’s game called tubigtúbig. v [B] be the leader in this game.

kadlit v [A; a] {1} strike a match, put a match to s.t. Kadlíti ang mga kandílà, Light the candles with a match. {2} make a small incision or other motion analogous to striking a match. Akuy mukadlit sa hubag, I will make an incision in the boil. Tambálan ang mikadlit sa buayáhun, A folk doctor made an incision in the palm of the child that had the mark of the crocodile. Gikadlítan ku kuntra sa buti, I was vaccinated against smallpox. n action of striking a match. way — don’t strike any matches, humorously said when a man is urinating on analogy of what one says when pouring gasoline. -ánan n the side of a matchbox where matches are struck. -an n general name for surgeon fish so called because of the powerful sharp spines situated on each side of the caudal peduncle.

kadlum n k.o. erect, branched, hairy herb, aromatic when crushed, with pink and purple flowers, sometimes cultivated. Used as hair rinse: Pogostemon cablin. — ihálas similar hairy herb of waste places, the leaves of which are used to cure boils: Waltheria americana. kadlumkadlum = kadlum ihálas.

kadtu short form: tu. {1} that (far from speaker and hearer). Kadtung balay sa unáhan kang Husi, That house up ahead is Joe’s. {1a} he, she (far away). Wà man gud tu makasabut sa ákung sulti, He did not get what I said. {2} that one that was past in time. Ngánu man kadtu? Why did that happen? Kadtung ákung giingun, What I said. {2a} that was the case. Dihà kadtuy higayun nga ..., It happened one time that ... {2b} he, she (referring to a person remote in time). Nagtúu ang mga tulisan nga kadtu patay na, The bandits believed that he was already dead. {3} followed by a verb: that time when. Kadtung musumbag na siya, mulikay pud ku, When he would strike me, I would also dodge. {4} the ones, those that are. Kadtung nakaapil na walay lábut áning duláa, Those who have already tried it once are not to take part this time. niadtu {1} gen.: of that. Ang tag-íya niadtung sakayána, The owner of that boat. {2} dat.: to, on that. Ihátag niadtung tawhána, Give it to that man. Niadtung adláwa migíkan siya pára sa Manílà, On that day he left for Manila. {3} formerly short for kaniadtu. adtu = niadtu. naadtu = niadtu.

kadtut = kadtu.

kadyapà = kudyapà.

*kadyì see pangadyì.

kadyung v [A; a] cook root crops and bananas in steam. Kadyungun ku ang kamúti arun dì malatà, I’ll steam the sweet potatoes so they won’t become soggy. -an n steamer for root crops and bananas.

kadyus n cultivated bush bearing beans the seeds of which are like small, black pellets. The young pods are eaten as a vegetable and the seeds, when mature: Cajanus cajan.

kág = kalag.

kagà v [B; a12] become thin and emaciated. Hala, kagaa giyud inyung láwas pagpúnayg bilar magabíi, Go on, make yourselves thin and enervated by staying up late at night. a emaciated, thin.

kágà a {1} talking excessively of foolish things. {2} lying, esp. boastfully. v {1} [A23N] talk foolishness excessively. {2} [AN; b6(1)] tell a lie, esp. a boastful one. Nakapangágà (nakakágà) siya sa mga tagabúkid nga abugádu siya, He has led the gullible mountaineers to believe that he was a lawyer. Bísag unsa lay íyang gikágà (gipangágà) sa íyang giulitawhan, There was no limit to the lies he told the woman he was courting. {3} for a chicken to make clucking noise instead of fighting. Ayaw ug isígig sábung ang sunuy tingálig mukágà nà, Don’t keep fighting the rooster. It will get so it will cackle instead of fighting. {3a} [A23N; b3] grow timid like a chicken. Ngánung kagáan man nímu nang gwápa nga may hitsúra ka man sab? Why are you scared to face that beautiful woman when you’re good-looking? n {1} empty talk. Ísug kaáyug sinultihan, kágà man lang diay pulus, He talks so fiercely, but it’s nothing but all empty talk. {2} liar, esp. a boastful one. {3} cowardly, timid, chicken. Kagáun kaáyu ning manúka dílì ángayng itárì, This cock is very cowardly. It is not fit for a cockfight. -un a talkative. v [B12; b6] be, become a boastful liar or timid.

kagabkab n flapping sound. v [B46] make a flapping sound. Mukagabkab ang bandíra ug hangínun, The flag flaps noisily in the wind.

kagàkà_1 n {1} dull, non-reverberating but loud sound produced by the knocking of light materials. {2} sound of stuttering. Nahadluk táwun tu siya. Kagàkang mitubag, He was afraid and stuttered when he answered. v [B3] make such a sound. Mikagàkà ang ákung tápir wir búl ngadtu sa sílung, My tupperware bowl rattled as it fell down the stairs.

kagàkà_2 v [A; a2b3] burst into loud laughter. Mukagàkà nà siya dáyun ug makadungug ug kataw-anan nga isturya, She bursts into hearty laughter when she hears a funny story.

kagalkal a clanking, rattling, jangling sound: broken-voiced, boisterous-sounding laughter. Ang trák nga gubaun kagalkal kaáyung mudágan, The broken-down truck runs with a rattling noise. Kagalkal nga ubu, A rattling cough. v [A] make a clanking sound.

kágang n {1} k.o. small crab of muddy areas near the shore, with highly prized flesh, but small. {2} = kagangkagang. kagangkagang n a small land crab, dark brown in color, inedible, and with a venomous bite. a for machines or vehicles to be rickety and ready to fall apart. Ang kagangkagang níyang kutsi, His rattletrap car. v [B15] be rickety.

kag-ang a thin, emaciated. Kag-ang na siya kaáyu run kay daghang prublíma, She has gotten emaciated because she has so many worries. v [B; b6] be, become thin or emaciated.

kagar v [B46; b6] for a machine to fail to work. Mikagar ang dyíp paglabang sa subà, The jeep stopped dead upon crossing the river. Mikagar ang pusil, The rifle didn’t go off.

kagaral see garal.

kágards (from kagirun—slang). a {1} having pockmarks. Dì nímu ikapusta ang kágards nga dyúlin, You can’t bet marbles with a rough surface. {2} ugly. {2a} old, above thirty. Ang amatyur kantis karun álang sa mga kágards, The amateur contest is for the above thirty’s. {3} broke, out of money for gambling. Dì na ku mudúwà kay kágards, I won’t play any more because I’m broke. v [B; b6] be, become pockmarked.

kagas a haggard and emaciated. v [B1456] be haggard and emaciated. Nagkagas na ang pinirísung wà pakan-a, The prisoner is haggard and thin from lack of food.

kágas_1 v [B2S] for skin diseases to dry and develop scabs. Mukágas ang núka nga maigù sa tambal, A skin disease dries instantly if you apply the right medicine.

kágas_2 v [A3] go in haste. Mikagas (ningkágas) pagdágan ang bátà pagkakitas íyang tátay, The child immediately ran when he saw his father.

kagaskas n rustling sound. v [B; aP] rustle. Nikagaskas ang mga dáhung layà paghángin, The dry leaves rustled in the wind. Kagaskásag armirul ang ákung sanínà, Make my shirt rustle with starch.

kagat v [A; a12b2] {1} bite to inflict injury, grab, or hold s.t. Mikagat ang isdà sa paun, The fish grabbed at the bait. Kagtun ku ang ímung dalunggan run, I’m going to bite your ears. {1a} be fooled into s.t. Dalì ra siyang mukagat sa buláda, She is easily taken in by (bites at) flattery. {2} catch, snag so as to hold firmly. Mubasiyu lang kun sikáran ang bisiklita. Dì mukagat, The bicycle pedal just goes round. It does not hold. n pincer of a crab. kagtan n k.o. adult freshwater shrimp with well-developed pincers. -um- a ready to bite at the least provocation. Iring kumagat nga nagkaun ug ilagà, Cat eating a rat, ready to bite whoever comes within range.

kágaw n germs. — sa laláki sperm (euphemism). v [B1245] be contaminated with germs. Nagkakágaw na nang pán nga nahúg sa yútà, The bread that fell to the ground is covered with germs now. -un v [B126] be full of germs.

kagáwad n municipal councilors.

kagawkaw = kagalkal.

kagay_1 n very mature coconut that is brown.

kágay n rattle of dishes. v [A; c1] make a rattling sound. Nikágay sa baskit ang mga buak nga plátu, The broken plates rattled in the basket. (→)_2 a for a cough to be loose. v [B2] for cough to become loose. Mukagay na gánì ang ubu, hinug na nà, If the cough is loose, it’s mature.

kagaykay_1 n {1} sound made by empty shells or the like, rattling. Ang kinagaykay sa mga pitsas, The rattling of the mahjong pieces. {2} s.o. who talks too much without saying any thing of value. {3} a braggart. v {1} [A; a12] make a rattling sound. {2} [A13] talk much without sense (slang). Nagkagaykay lag íyang sinultihan. Wà giyuy unud, He is talking so much blah-blah. There’s nothing to it. {3} [A] brag around.

kagaykay_2 n k.o. herb of waste places bearing beans: Crotolaria mucronata.

kagibúhì (from kaági and kinabúhì) n biography.

kagid n contagious skin disease, characterized by small eruptions which develop white scales and itch intensely. v [a4] be infected with kagid. kagirun a itch-ridden. v [B12] be, become itch-ridden.

kagidlay see *gidlay.

kagíit n high-pitched squeak or creaking noise caused by friction. v [A4] creak, squeak.

kagìkì n snicker, laughter that is suppressed. v [A; b3] snicker. Mikagìkì ang mga bátà kay walà makapamutúnis ang maistru, The children snickered because the teacher forgot to button his pants.

kagilkil n clinking, high-pitched sound of metal. v [A; a] make a clinking sound. Ang mga sinsilyu nikagilkil sa íyang bulsa, Coins jingled in his pocket. Ayawg kagilkíla ang kadína, Don’t rattle the chain.

kaging a stiff. v [B; a] become stiff. Makaging (mukaging) ang kusáhus ug mabulad ug dúgay, The jerked meat will get too stiff if you leave it out too long. Dúgay na siyang nakaging, He kicked off (lit. became stiff) a long time ago.

kagingking n {1} growth on a bamboo which extends like a vine and has thorns. It grows at the tips as branches. {2} k.o. spiny bamboo: Bambusa spinosa.

kágis v [A; ab] scrape s.t. carefully so it is not damaged. Kagísa ang pintal sa bungbung, Scrape the paint off the wall. {2} shave. Kagísan únà ang pasyinti úsà upirahi, They shave the patient before operating. paN- v [A2; b] shave oneself. -in- n scrapings.

kagiskis_1 n shrill, scraping, scratching sound. v [A; a12] make a shrill, scraping sound. Nagkagiskis ang puthaw nga gikiskísan sa pintal, There was a scratching sound as the paint was being scraped off the metal.

kagiskis_2 = agis-is.

kagiskis_3 = agusahis.

kágit v [A; ac] make a creaking sound. Nikágit ang lansang dihang giibut, The nail made a loud, creaking sound as he pulled it out. Kagítun kung ákung ngípun, I’ll grit my teeth.

kagitkit n grinding, grating sound. v [A; b6] make a grinding, grating sound. Mukagitkit ang sín ug gabsun, Galvanized iron produces a grating sound if you saw on it. Magkagitkit ang lansang nga iwiriswiris sa bungbung nga simintu, Nails produce a high-pitched screeching sound when you grate them against cement.

kágiw see lagiw.

kagkag_1 a for hair to be standing up and going in every direction. v [B1; a12] have hair going every which way. Nagkagkag man nang buhuk mu, mu ra kag si Stukuski, Your hair is standing up and going in every direction. You look like Stokowski.

kagkag_2 = kalagkag.

kagmu n snort of pigs or people when they are angry. paN- v [A] snort. Nangagmu ang bábuy ihás, The wild pig snorted.

kagmud = agmud.

kagù = bagù_2.

kagubkub a {1} crunchy, crisp. Kagubkub kaáyug pánit ang inasal, The roast pig has very crisp skin. {2} making a crunching sound. Kagubkub pamatíun ang yílu nga giúsap, The ice he’s chewing sounds crunchy. v {1} [B; a] be, become crisp. {2} [A; a12] make a crunching sound.

kagud v {1} [A; a] grind s.t. to shreds by rubbing or scraping it. Kagdun (kagurun) ku ning ímung lubi, I’ll grate your coconut. {2} [b4] abrade, wear off. Wà pa kagdi ang ligid, The tire is not worn down yet. (←) v [C] have intercourse (slang). kaguran, kalagúran n shredder made of a serrated metal circle attached to a piece of wood to scrape out the coconut meat. paN-(←) n skin irritation of the toes characterized by welt-like eruptions and extreme itching. It is said to be caused by stepping in dung with the bare feet. The itching is relieved by an action similar to that of shredding a coconut. -in- n shredded coconut meat.

kagùkù_1 v {1} [A] make a hollow thumping sound. Ug mukagùkù ang sambag, hinug na, When the tamarind rattles, it’s ripe. {2} [A; b3] laugh with a deep, loud voice. Nahikagùkù akug katáwa sa íyang isturya, I burst into loud laughter at his story. n {1} hollow sound in large fruits; chugging sound of trains in motion. {2} a large k.o. sweet pepper of the same type as is commercially grown in the States, so called because it makes hollow sounds if you tap it.

kagùkù_2 n a large k.o. crab with a long, reddish body like a hermit crab, but dwelling in its own shell. Inedible, but used as bait.

kagulángan n virgin forest, untouched by man.

kagulíyang n noisy confusion. Ang kagulíyang sa nanúgat sa artista, The noise made by the people meeting the actress. v [A13; b3] be in noisy confusion. Nagkagulíyang ang mga táwu sa súnug, The people broke into noisy confusion at the fire.

kagulkul n noise made by the knocking of hollow and heavy things. v [A; a] make a hollow, rattling sound. Nagkagulkul ang mga húlin sa kumúda, The marbles rattled in the drawer. Mukagulkul kamu sa prisuhan, You will rot (lit. rattle) in prison.

kagumkum a {1} crisp (but not so crisp as kagubkub). Kagumkum kaáyu ang patátas, The cookies are somewhat crisp. {2} making a crunching, but slightly prolonged sound. v [B; a] be crisp.

kagung_1 v [AN] {1} make a hollow sound when empty. {2} be empty, as if producing such a hollow sound. Nipaúlì ku gíkang namasul nga mikagung (nangagung) ang sakayan, I came home from fishing with an empty boat.

kagung_2 = kagungkung.

kagungkung n {1} the portion at the base of the spine of fowl just above the triangular structure which holds the tail feathers (ísul). {2} the analogous structure in mammals. v [B26N; b6] be, become skin and bones (like the kagungkung which has little flesh or fat). Mangagungkung (mukagungkung) ka kun dì ka mukáun, You will become very thin if you do not eat. -un a bony, thin.

kagunkágun v [AC; ac3] go around as a group, take s.o. along with a group. Daghang mukagunkágun nákù sa pagpangharána, A lot of people take me around to go serenading. Dì ku makigkagunkágun sa mga palahúbug, I don’t go around with drunkards.

kagupà, kagúpà n collective term for one’s blood relations. Aku ray tituládu sa ámung kagúpà, I’m the only one in our clan that has a degree.

kágus v [A; a] scrape s.t. that is hard and coarse. Nagkágus siyag bagul, He is scraping a coconut shell.

kaguskus n dull, rustling sound. v [A; a12] make a dull, rustling sound. Nagkaguskus siyang nanguskus sa dukut, He made a dull, rustling sound, scraping the rice that stuck to the pot.

kágut n gnashing, grinding sound. v [a2] make a gnashing, grinding sound. Nikágut ang ákung ngípun sa kalágut, I gnashed my teeth in anger. Nagkágut ang galingan. Abdi, The grinder is making a grating sound. Pour more grains into it.

kagutkut n sound made by s.t. gnawing away at s.t. or scraping s.t. off. Ang kagutkut sa ilagang gakitkit sa kumúda, The gnawing sound of the rats nibbling at the drawer. v [AN; c] make a continuous gnawing sound. Nikagutkut ang tísas pagsulat nákù sa islít, The piece of chalk made a scraping sound when I wrote on the slate. Ang kinagutkut sa limbas, The scraping sound of the carpenter’s file.

kagwang n {1} flying squirrel. {2} a joking, half-affectionate reference to a person implying a mild insult, general in nature but nothing in particular, made in annoyance or amusement. Kagwang nímu nga ímung gihúlug ang sulat nga way prangkíyu, You dodo! You mailed the letter without stamps.

kagyu = kalagiw. see lagiw.

káha n {1} box, pack, case made to contain s.t. Duha ka káhang sigarilyu, Two packs of cigarettes. {2} cash register. {3} safe. — diyíru n steel safe. — sa trák body of a truck. v {1} [A; a12] make into a case or boxes. Gwápu nang ímung gikaháan ang radiyu, The radio looks nice now that you’ve made a case for it. {2} [A; c] put into a cash box, register. kahíru n cashier. v [B15; a12] be a cashier. kahíra = kahíru (female).

kahà = kayhà.

káhà = kaláhà.

káham v {1} [A; c1] touch with the whole hand. Ang mukáham sa pagkáun manghunaw, Whoever touches food should wash his hands. Ikáham (kaháma) ang íyang líug kun gihilantan ba, Feel her neck to see if she has a fever. {2} [AN; a12] touch for sexual purposes. Dúnay báyut nga nangáham nákù sa sinihan, A homosexual tried to touch me in the movie house. {3} [A; a] steal. Wà hibaw-i ang mikáham sa mga aláhas, No one knows who stole the jewelry. -in- a s.t. that is one’s favorite. Ang kináham kung pagkáun, My favorite food. Kináham níyang basahúnun, His favorite reading matter. Kináham níyang prugráma, His favorite program. v [B1256] become one’s favorite.

kahamkaham n k.o. edible, greenish-brown seaweed, not highly esteemed.

kahangay_1 v [A; b6] dare touch s.t. forbidden. Way mukahangay sa ákung gamit ayug latiguhun, Nobody dares touch my instruments for fear of getting whipped. Ayawg kahangyi nà kay wà pa mahuman, Don’t dare touch that because it’s not done.

kahangay_2 v [A13; b6] {a} do s.t. to while away the time or in one’s spare time. Nagkahangay kug basabása samtang nagpaábut níya, I read the papers to while away the time while I was waiting. {b} do s.t. as one’s avocation during spare time. Nagkahangay siyag pangahintig mintiryu, She sells cemetery lots in her spare time.

kahápun = kagahápun. see gahápun.

káhas v [AN; a2] {1} have the audacity to get or use s.t. without the consent of the proper person. Gikáhas sa asáwa ang ílang tinígum arun ipalit ug tíbi, The wife had the nerve to take their savings to buy a T.V. set. Gikáhas níyag baligyà ang bábuy, He took it upon himself to sell the pig. Gikáhas ug lúgì sa íyang anak ang ílang kalubihan, His son had the nerve to harvest their coconuts. {2} embezzle. Ang tisuríru nga mikáhas sa pundu, The treasurer who embezzled the funds. pangáhas v [A2; b5] {1} do s.t. one should not. Ayaw giyug pangáhas ug paúlì nga mag-inusára sa kagabhíun, Don’t dare go home alone at night. {1a} abuse s.o. sexually. Buut ku siyang pangahásan, I wanted to abuse her. {2} dare do s.t. that takes courage. Dì ku mangáhas pagtabuk samtang bahà pa, I don’t dare cross while the river is in flood stage. mapaN-un n daring to do s.t. forbidden.

kahátì = kalahátì.

kahid-un = kaihiun. see íhì.

káhig v [A; a] bring s.t. to one or push s.t. away with an instrument or, analogically, with the hand or foot. Kahígan ku ning daspan sa sagbut, I’ll sweep the rubbish into the dustpan. Ikáhig (kahíga) ang túbig ngadtu sa kanal, Sweep the water towards the canal. dala sa — swept along with the majority. Pagpanglíup sa mga kawáni, apil sad siya, nadá sa káhig, When there was a layoff of the employees, he was included, swept along by the tide. Hugut siyag kumbiksiyun, dílì madá sa káhig, He has strong convictions, he can’t be swept along by the majority. (→) n implement used to rake, poke, push things.

kahil_1 v {1} [A; a1b2] touch, brush lightly against s.t. Nagkahil ang dáhun sa alambris kuryinti, The leaf is in contact with the electric wire. Kahila ug hínay sa lipak arun dílì mapakling, Touch it lightly with the bamboo stick so that it won’t fall over. {2} [A; b6] do an activity to a lesser degree than usual. Wà gánì ku makakahil níya, haluk na hinúun, I haven’t even touched her, much less kissed her.

kahil_2 n k.o. small, green, somewhat bitter orange which turns yellow when overripe: Citrus aurantium. -áda n lemonade, orangeade. v [A; a2] make lemonade.

kahimtang see butang_1.

kahir v [A3P; a] entice, lead s.o. to do s.t. not good for him. Dì aku makahir sa ímung pangatarúngan, I cannot be swayed by your reasoning. Nakahir siya sa usa ka mamaligyag isdà, He fell for a fish vendor. Bísag karmilítus lay ikahir sa bátà, You can easily attract a child with candies.

kahíra, kahíru see káha.

kahis = kalis.

kahista n typesetter. v [B156] become a typesetter.

kahíta n small box, case. Kahíta sa aláhas, Jewel box.

kahug, káhug v {1} [A1; ac] mix moist and dry ingredients together. Kahugun ku ning tahup ug kinagud nga lubi, I’ll mix the corn bran with shredded coconut. Kahugi ang makarúni sa mayunis, Mix the mayonnaise into the macaroni. {2} [A; a] stir s.t. thick. Kahúga ang linúgaw arun dílì mudukut, Stir the porridge so it won’t stick.

kahun n {1} box. {2} square or rectangular section in a rice paddy. Napúlù ka kahun ang íyang pilapilan, There are ten square partitions in his rice paddy. {3} group of fives in tallying (four vertical lines and one slanting line). v {1} [A; a] make into a box. {2} [a12] divide into square, rectangular sections. {3} [A12] obtain groups of fives. Sa pag-iskutinyu wà gánì makakahun ang átung kandidátu, When the ballots were counted our candidate did not even get a score of five. -in- n enclosed in boxes. Mga kinahun nag íyang dala, The things were all enclosed in boxes. -is = kahun, 3 (plural).

káhuy n {1} tree. {2} wood, firewood. {3} búngang — fruit tree. v {1} [A12] obtain firewood. Nakakahuy (nakakáhuy) giyud mi sa ginubà sa ámung balay, We had firewood when our house was demolished. {2} [a] make into firewood. Kahúyun nátù ning gubang kural, We’ll make this broken fence into firewood. {3} [a2] steal by picking the pocket (slang). Gikáhuy ang íyang pitáka didtu sa Kulun, S.o. picked his wallet downtown. (→) v [B4] for muscles to get stiff with fatigue. Nagkahuy ang ákung abága sa pagpinas-ag kupras, My shoulders are stiff from carrying sacks of copra. paN- v [A2; b6] {1} cut down and gather firewood. Didtu sila mangáhuy sa búkid, They were in the mountains gathering firewood. {2} take parts from an engine. Gipangahúyan níla ang trák daut, They cannibalized the broken-down truck. {3} [A2; b(1)] steal by picking. Ang babáying gipangahúyan sa íyang trisintus, The woman who had three hundred stolen from her. pangahuykáhuy v [A] for muscles to get stiff with fatigue. Undang na tag pangarga kay nangahuykáhuy na ang ákung háwak, Let’s stop loading now because my waist is getting stiff. -in- n {1} fuel gathered. {2} s.t. shoplifted, cannibalized. ka-an(→) n woods. maN-r-/l-(→) n woodcutter. kahuykahuy n k.o. weed roughly resembling a full grown tree in structure, growing up to 1½′, the leaves of which are used as a poultice to stop bleeding. tig- n {1} log with branches cut off. {2} twigs. v [A; a] gather, cut down wood for firewood. Mitigkáhuy ku sa íyang tinápuk, I gathered the wood he had piled up. talig- n = tigkáhuy. v [A2N] gather logs for a house. Manaligkáhuy ta. Magbáy ra ba ta, Let’s gather logs because we’re going to build a house. -un a coarse, like wood.

kahúyung n variety of rice.

kaimítu = kaymítu.

kain = háin (dialectal).

kaína = ganíha.

kaing n large, cylindrical, rattan basket loosely woven in a hexagonal design, 3′ tall by 2′ across. v [A; a12] make, make into a kaing.

kaíngin n {1} slash and burn agriculture. {2} area in the forest cleared by burning for agriculture, of temporary or permanent nature. v [A; b5] make a clearing in a forest for agricultural purposes. -iru n one who practices slash and burn agriculture.

kaintì n variety of rice.

kairil = kayril.

kák v [A; c1] cock a firearm. Gáhì kákun (ikák) ang gáran, It takes a great effort to cock the garand rifle. a cocked. Kák na dáan ang íyang pistula, His pistol was already cocked.

káka = kàkà_2.

kakà n k.o. grayish-brown spider with a body the size of a pea that spins webs in trees.

kákà n children’s word for female genitalia.

kàkà_1 n tobacco tars. v [B246; a4b4] get filled up with tobacco tars. Mukàkà (kàkáan, kàkáun) na gánì ang hunsuy, limpiyúhi, If the pipe gets filled with tar, clean it.

kàkà_2 a stammering, having a speech impediment whereby one repeats the beginning sounds of what he is trying to get out. v [B; b6] speak in a stammering way.

kákak n {1} cackle. {2} how a person reacts. Makítà ra giyud ang kákak ánang tawhána kun makaingkuwintrug buguy, We’ll see what k.o. a fellow that man is when he runs into a bully. v [A] {1} cackle. {2} chicken out, coward. Mu rag ísug apan kun suklan giyud, mukákak diay, He appears tough but if you challenge him, he runs away. {3} [A; b3] for a woman to squawk with displeasure. Nagkákak ang asáwa kay dúgayng miulì ang bána, The wife is squawking because her husband came home late.

kakas v [A; a] {1} detach s.t. that has been stitched or similarly attached. Kinsay nagkakas niíning ginansilyu? Who undid this crochet-work? Kakasa (kaksa) na lang ang gubà nga atup, Tear off the worn-out part of the roof. {2} uproot vines in clearing an area. Gikaksan na ang kamutihan, The sweet potato patch has been cleared of old vines. -in- n {1} thin membrane which encases the small intestines of pigs and attaches it to the rear wall of the abdominal cavity, used for wrapping murkun. {2} = ilugun, n. see ílug.

kakaw n cacao.

kakawáti = madri kakaw.

kakha v [AN; ab2] scrape, scratch out s.t loose. Nangakha ang túru úsà mudasmag, The bull kicked the ground before charging. Nagkakha ug pagkáun ang manuk, The chicken is scratching around for food. — tukà, — tuhak a hand-to-mouth existence.

káki n {1} khaki cloth. {2} khaki color. {3} brown one-centavo piece. v {1} [A13] wear khaki or s.t. khaki-colored. {2} [B6] become khaki in color.

kakin = nakinnákin.

kaktil n cocktail drink.

kaktus n cactus.

kakyup n {1} yesterday (dialectal). {2} late in the afternoon, evening (dialectal).

kál_1 a an egg-layer which has stopped laying at a profitable rate. v [B2; b6] for an egg-layer to have ceased laying profitably.

kál_2 n cal, a white powder used as a whitener for shoes. v [A; b] whiten with cal. Káli ang sapátus putì, Apply cal to white shoes. (←) v [B1245] get cal splattered over it. -iru_2 n {1} kiln for burning limestone or seashells to obtain lime. {2} any big fire for roasting or burning s.t. or obtaining s.t. v [A; c1] make a kiln or a large fire to obtain s.t.

kalába (not without l) n honeycomb. Ang tálu gíkan sa kalába, Beeswax comes from the honeycomb. v [AN] form or build a honeycomb.

kalab-ánan = kalabánan. see lában.

kalabanghan = balbangáan.

kalabantus = karabansus.

kalabásà n squash of various varieties: Cucurbita maxima. — nga putì general name for squashes with light-green skin and white flesh: Lagenaria leucantha. see also balantíyung, tabáyag, tambalíyung. — nga pula n {1} general term for squashes and pumpkins with red or orange meat. {2} zero grade. Kalbásà ang ákung nakúhà, I got a zero. {2a} failure of grades or ratings. v [B126N] be a failure as a student. Ayaw pagbuguybúguy sa ímung pagtuun kay makalabásà (mangalabásà) ka unyà, Don’t play hooky from school or you’ll fail.

kalábat v {1} [A2; c] reach up to an amount or length of time. Ang húlaw nakakábat giyud ug tulu ka búlan, The dry season lasted for three months. Ikábat ug singkuwinta ka tápuk ang inasal, Make the roast pig do for fifty portions. {2} [A2; a] go as far as. Kabátun ku ang mga bitúun álang kanímu, I’ll go to the stars for you. {3} [A; a] walk holding on s.t. Gikabátan sa bátà ang mga silya, The child walked holding onto the chair. -an(→) n s.t. one holds onto while walking.

kalabaw n carabao, water buffalo. dakung — fully grown, old enough. Dakù ka nang kábaw wà gihápun kay buut, You’re fully grown now but you still are irresponsible. -in- v {1} [A; a12] work like a carabao. Nagkinábaw ku pagtrabáhu arun mu mabuláhan, I work like a horse to give you a better life. {2} [A13] have sexual relations. Ada, mag-agaw lag maadlaw, kun gabíi magkinábaw, They pretend to be cousins during the day but at night they have sexual relations. n stage in an infant’s development before it actually crawls. -un a {1} having thick and big feet like a carabao’s. {2} having a pregnancy that lasts more than nine months or so. Kabáwun siyang nagmabdus, She’s like a carabao in this pregnancy (having passed nine months without giving birth).

kalabíra n skeleton, skull. v [BN] become a skeleton or like one. Nangalabíra (nakalabíra, nikalabíra) na intawun ang íyang lawas, His body has become skin and bones. marka — n {1} skull and cross-bones. {2} poisonous preparation.

kalabkab v [A; b] {1} fan a fire. Nagkabkab siya sa kaláyu sa pagpasíga, He fanned the fire to make it catch. paN- v [A] fan oneself. Nangabkab siya sa kaínit, He fanned himself because it was so hot. n {1} hand fan. {2} delicacy made of flour or cassava flour baked thin and crisp in the shape of a large fan. a having large ears (humorous).

kalábu = klábu.

kalabus, kalabúsu (not without l) n jail. v [B125] land in prison, in jail. Nakalabus ra giyud ang kriminal, The criminal finally went to jail.

kaladángan n name for a large variety of fish similar to porgies.

kaladkad v [A3P] boil. Ug mukaladkad ang nilúgaw, If the porridge boils.

kaládu (not without l) n k.o. embroidery stitch with a mesh design, usually done on fine fabric. v [a12] make a mesh design on.

kalag n {1} soul. Kaluy-an mu ang kalag ni Luísa, Have mercy on the soul of Louisa. {1a} a person as reckoned for count. Walà giyuy bisag usa ka kalag nagtikawtikaw sa íla, Not a soul stirred in the house. {1b} walay — a heartless, cruel. Wà kay kág, wà kay kalúuy, You’re heartless, without mercy. {2} ghost. {3} human skeleton showing itself as a ghost. Naingun kag kalag sa kaníwang, You’re as thin as a skeleton. — sa animas thin as a soul in purgatory. v [A; a12b2] for a ghost to haunt s.o. Mamatay gánì ku kágun (kalgun) tikaw, If I die, I’ll haunt you. Hikalgan siya sa íyang asáwa, He was haunted by his wife’s ghost. paN- [b8] for a ghost to come back to earth. kalagkálag n {1} All Souls’ Day or a small party of prayers and eating on All Souls’ Day, in honor of the dead. {2} = plasíbu, n, 1. v [A1] {1} hold such a celebration on All Souls’ Day. Káda adlaw sa minatay magkalagkálag giyud mi, Every year on All Souls’ Day we hold a celebration. {2} = plasíbu, v. pangalagkálag v [A2; b6] {1} go to s.o.’s home to celebrate the All Souls’ Day ritual. {2} = pamlasíbu. kalagkalag v [a4] get a sickness caused by the soul of a departed relative. Walay duktur nga makaáyus íyang sakit. Gikalagkalag man diay nà siyas íyang lúlu, No doctor can cure his disease. He is suffering from an affliction caused by the soul of his grandfather. kalagnun a spiritual.

kalagiw see lagiw.

kalagkag v [A; a] loosen soil, flour, and the like, breaking small lumps into fine particles. Nagkalagkag pa ku sa harína nga ákung ayágun, I’m breaking up the lumps in the flour I’m going to sift.

kalagu n dogs having long, shaggy, and curly hair.

kaláhà n frying pan with a rounded bottom and a handle.

kalahátì n {1} coin of the early 1900’s worth twenty centavos. {2} s.o. who shares with or is part of. Ang ákung mga anak mauy kahátì nákù sa pagtagad sa ákung bána, My children and I share my husband’s attention.

kalàkalà n {1} croaking sound of frogs. {2} sputtering sound of defective engines. {3} sound of s.t. boiled at a stage when the water and the material boiled has formed a soft and thick mass. v [A3] croak, sputter. Mukalàkalà giyud ang mga bakì sa panahun sa ting-ulan, Frogs croak on rainy days. Ipatan-aw ang trák kay nagkalàkalà ang tíngug, Have the car checked because the engine sputters.

kaláki see láki_2.

kalakkalak n sputtering sound of a defective machine. v [B46; b6] for a defective machine to sputter. Mukalakkalak ang makina ug náay dipiktu, The sewing machine will sputter when there’s s.t. wrong with it.

kalam v [A; a] plow by describing a spiral starting at the outer edge of the field. Kalamun nákù pagdáru arun maapil ang mga daplin, I’ll plow the field circularly so that the outer edges are also plowed. n spiral described by this manner of plowing.

kálam (not without l) v [A; a2] {1} search, look for. Mukálam pa siya sa íyang hunsuy nga nawā̀, He still has to look for the pipe he lost. Labihan nakakálam ang pulis sa gipangítang kawatan, How the policeman looked for the thief that was wanted! Kaláma ang dinakpan ug wà bay armas, Search the prisoner to see if he is armed. {2} earn a living. Inyung amahan ang nagkálam sa átung gikaun, It is your father who earns what we eat.

kalamalunggay = kalamunggay.

kalamansi, kalamansì (not without l) = limunsítu.

kalamantígì n ornamental annual growing to 2′ high, bearing red, white, and pink flowers, and fleshy capsules which burst when touched: Impatiens balsamina.

kalámay n {1} sugar. {2} brown sugar (as opposed to asúkar). v {1} [A1; a2] make sugar. {2} [B5] become sugar. Kun itúsun ang tubà mukámay (makámay) diay, Palm toddy can also be made into sugar by crystallizing it. (→) v [A; c] {1} put sugar into. Kamayan tang ímung tsá? Shall I put sugar in your tea? {2} sweet-talk s.o. Ímu na pud kung gikamayan, You’re giving me sweet talk again. {2a} bisan -an pa no matter what inducement is given (even if you put sugar on it). Bísag kamayan pa, dì giyud ku musugut níya, I wouldn’t accept him for all the tea in China. {3} [B246] for coconut taffy to fail to turn out and become crystalline and sandy. Daling mukamay ang kukunat ug kúwang sa lubi, The coconut taffy comes out sandy if you don’t use enough coconut milk. {4} [A; a] (not without l) make kalamay. n (not without l) sweets made from ground sticky rice boiled with the juice of coconut meat and brown sugar.

kalamayu, kalamáyu n an acute infection which has swollen and become red, but not yet open or oozing. v [BN; a4] be acutely inflamed. Nangalamáyu (nikalamáyu, nakalamáyu, gikalamáyu) ang íyang samad, His wound became acutely inflamed.

kalambíbat = kabíbat.

kalambitay = kulumbitay.

kalambri_1 (not without l) n cramp. v [BN; a4b4] get a cramp. Nikalambri (nakalambri, nangalambri) ang íyang tiil sa dúgayng hinúmul sa túbig, He got a cramp in his legs because he stayed in the water too long. Ang mabdus dalì kaáyung kalambríhun (kalambríhan), Pregnant women are easily attacked by sudden and painful cramps.

kalambri_2 n cuss word, fairly strong, but which can also be used with a light note of humor, expressing annoyance. Kalambri ning tawhána, manúgug paningil íning wà pay swildu, Damn, this man. He tries to collect from me before I even get paid!

kalambúra = karambúla.

kalamidad n calamity.

kalamri = kalambri1, 2.

kalamúhuy n k.o. fish.

kalamúkat see lamúkat.

kalamundì, kalamundin, kalamunding (not without l) = limunsítu.

kalamunggay n {1} small, rapidly growing cultivated tree, with thrice pinnate leaves, the leaflets of which are one of the most popularly eaten vegetables in the Visayas: Moringa oleifera. {2} clubs in playing cards.

kalamutsing = kamuritsing. see muritsing.

kalan, kálan (not without l) n small portable stove made of clay. v [a12] make into such a stove.

kalandátay v [B; c1] for a conversation to drag on, going from one subject to another. Nakalandátay ang isturya kay púlus na hubug, The conversation went on and on because everybody had one drink too many.

kalandrákas n things of all different kinds and varieties coming at once. Ang kalandrákas sa inadlawng pagkinabuhì, The various activities of daily life. v [A; a12] be a conglomeration of various things or kinds. Magkalandrákas lang ang mahisgutan sa mga tapuktápuk, They talk about all different things in their gatherings. Kalandrakása pagpalit ang mga kulur, Buy all different colors.

kálang (not without l) n portion of a field which has been plowed at one time. v [A1; b5] plow a certain portion of the field. Nakakálang na sila sa katungà sa daruhan, They had already plowed half of the field. Ang duul sa sapà mauy ákung kalangun (kalangan) pag-úna, I’ll clear up the part near the river first.

kal-ang n {1} gap. Adtu lapus sa kal-ang sa paril, Pass through the gap in the wall (or between the two walls). {2} distance in time or space between two things. Ang kal-ang sa ílang pangidarun, The gap in their ages. v [B5; c1] be located with gaps in between. Kal-ángi ang mga silya arun dílì magkinupyahánay, Place your chairs far apart so you won’t be copying from each other. -an(→)n space between two things. Ang kal-angan sa sini ug iskuylahan gitukúran ug balay, A house is built in the space between the movie house and the school. -in-an(→) n place where there is the biggest gap.

kalangkálang (not without l) v [A; a12] estimate, consider s.t. carefully. Ikaw ra ang mukalangkálang ug makaáyu ba nímu, Weigh it carefully yourself whether it would do you any good. Aku ray mukalangkálang nga maígù ang pagkáun sa tanan, I’ll ration the food out so that it will go around. n estimation, consideration. Sa ákung kalangkálang mudaug giyud ang prutista ni Usminya, As I see it, Osmeña’s protest will be successful.

kálap_1 v [AN; a] look for medicinal plants. Mukálap kag tambal didtu sa patayng búlan, You must look for medicinal herbs when there is no moon. Unsang mga tambála ákung kalápun? What medicinal plants shall I get? paN- v [A2S] look for s.t. one wants to obtain but is not easy to find. Makapangálap kag kwarta basta imirdyinsi, You have to scramble about to find money if it’s an emergency. -in- n medicinal plants gathered. Ang sulud sa básu mga kinálap nga gamut, The glass contained medicinal roots.

kálap_2 v [A; b(1)] {1} touch, tinker, play with s.t. forbidden. Latusun ku ang magkáp sa gamitun, I’ll whip anyone who tinkers with the tools. Gikápan giyud ang tigib kay nagíbang, S.o. must have played with the chisel because it got nicked. {2} tease, play a joke on s.o. {3} [AN] engage in petty stealing. Bantáyi siyang musulud kay mukáp nà, Watch him if he comes in because he lifts things. kalapkálap v [A3] tinker, try one’s hand at s.t. new. Namikaniku siya kay ganáhan mukapkáp ug makina, He became a mechanic because he likes to tinker with machines.

kalapáti (not without l) v {1} [A; b5] calk, make s.t. watertight by filling the seams or cracks. Gikalapatíhan (gikalapáti) ang tanang sinumpayan sa káhuy nga mikang-a, All the wooden joints that came loose have been calked. {2} [B1; b6(1)] be covered with s.t. sticky and dirty. Nagkalapáti ang nawung sa bátà sa bábul gam, The child’s face is smeared with sticky bubble gum. Ayaw pagdúwà sa taguk sa nangkà kay makakalapáti (makapakalapáti) nà sa kamut mu, Don’t play with the sticky sap of jackfruit, as it will get your hands all sticky.

kalapi_1 n k.o. thin and thorny rattan used in fishing equipment because of its resistance to salt water. It produces clusters of edible, sour berries: Calamus sp.

kalapi_2 (not without l) a a defect in coconut trees manifested by the fronds, such that the lowest fronds do not hang but tend to be vertical and easily break off. v [B1456] for a coconut tree to be of this sort.

kalapíti = kalapáti, 2.

kalapitsi = karapitsi.

kalapkap v [AN; b5] go to a woman’s bed to have intercourse with her without her knowledge.

kalapúti = kalapáti, 2.

kaláru = kláru.

kalas_1 (not without l) v {1} [A; a] rake out s.t. that is growing, harrow. Kinahanglan kalasun ang mga sagbut samtang wà pay ulan, You must rake out the weeds before the rains come. Ímung kalasan ug úna ang dapit sa sapà, First harrow the part which is near the brook. {1a} [a12] make into a harrow, rake. {2} [A; b1c] give the owner of gambling equipment a rake-off. Kalasan námù ang ímung baráha kun magpúkir mi, You will get a rake-off for your cards when we play poker. Kalasi si Pidru, Give Pedro his rake-off. n {1} rake, harrow. {2} rake-off to the owner of gambling paraphernalia. maN-r- n one who lets people gamble with his equipment for a rake-off.

kalas_2 (not without l) v {1} [B12; a12] die in a disaster, accident, war. Kadaghang way lábut ang nakalas sa gúbat sa Byitnam, A lot of innocent people died in the war in Vietnam. Kalasun kamung tanan, You will all meet your death. {2} [a3] be destroyed, annihilated. Daghang ayruplánu ang nakalas sa Pirl Harbur, Many planes were destroyed at Pearl Harbor. (←) a (with l droppable) wasteful, using in an extravagant way. Kás kaáyu sa panahun ang ar-utísi, ROTC is a big waste of time. Kanang plantsáha kás ug kuryinti, That iron uses more electricity than necessary. v [A2; a2] waste, use wastefully. Ayaw kalása paggáwì ang túbig, Don’t waste the water. -an a wasteful, using more than necessary. Kalasan ka kaáyug papil, You use paper wastefully.

kalásag (not without l) n {1} shield. {2} defense. Ang pagkamatárung mauy bugtung níyang kalásag bátuk sa dautan, Righteousness is his sole defense against evil.

kalasíkas n rustling sound like that produced by the motion of leaves. v {1} [A3; c1] produce this k.o. rustling sound. Kasikása (ikasíkas) ang mga dáhun arun sila mahadluk, Rustle the leaves so they’ll be afraid. {2} [A1] bustle about in preparation for s.t. Mikasíkas ang mga tagibalángay kay nagkaduul na ang pyista, The people are bustling about with the fiesta approaching. Hápit ka na mugíkan, wà pa ka kakasíkas! It’s nearly time to leave and you haven’t made any preparations! — sa panahun n doings, activities of constant and ordinary nature.

kalaskálas n {1} = angalaskálas. {2} name given to tiny inedible crabs that dig holes in the sand.

kalaskas n a bird which appears at night, believed to be an unglù which has assumed this form. So called from its purported sound: kas-kas.

kalat, kálat_1 v [A; b6(1)] cane with bamboo or rattan. Kamau kang mukalat ug síya? Do you know how to cane a chair? n s.t. caned from bamboo or rattan. Buslut ang kalat sa katri, The caned portion of the bed is broken.

kálat_2 v {1} [AB46; c] be scattered in a confused manner, cause s.t. to be so. Kinsay nagkálat sa mga duwáan sa sáwug? Who scattered the toys all over the floor? Hipúsa ang mga papil nga nagkálat sa salug, Gather the pieces of paper scattered all over the floor. Ayaw ikálat ang mga bulingun sa salug, Don’t scatter the soiled clothes on the floor. {2} [A; cP] for news, rumors to spread. Mikálat ang hulungíhung báhin sa ribulusiyun, There were rumors about a revolution that began to spread.

kalatkat v [A; ac] climb up s.t. using the hands and feet: climb to get, bring. Nikatkat ang bátà sa lamísa, The child climbed up on the table. Katkátun gihápun nà sa iring dihà, The cat can still climb up there to get it. — sa kapáyas v [A] have intercourse with a woman (humorous). Inigdunggù giyus bána mukatkat giyud sa kapáyas pagkagabíi, As soon as the husband arrives from abroad, you can be sure he’s going to get him some papayas that night.

kalatsutsi n frangipani, k.o. ornamental tree planted for its flowers: Plumiera spp.

kalátung (not without l) n knocker made from a section of a bamboo with a slit on the side. It is resonant and is rapped to call or send signals.

kálaw n hornbill bird: Buceros hydrocorax.

kaláwan v [A23; cP] be somewhat raised, get somewhat off the ground. Ang salug sa balay mikáwan lag usa ka pí gíkan sa yútà, The floor of the house is elevated about a foot from the ground. Nakakáwan nag ayruplánu sa pag-abut námù sa irpurt, The plane had already gotten off the ground when we got to the airport. see also kawankawan.

kaláwat (from dáwat) v {1} [AN2; b(1)] take Holy Communion. Nakakalawat (nakapangaláwat) ka rung Duminggúha? Did you take communion this Sunday? {2} [A; a12] accept s.t. as true. Dílì ku mukaláwat árung mga pangatarúngan mu, I will not accept any of your reasons. {3} receive, accept (Biblical). Kalawátun mu ba si Kurdaping nga ímung asáwa? Do you take Kordaping as your wife? n Holy Communion. -an(→), -ánan n communion railing.

kalaw-it v [AN; b25] {1} get s.t. with a hook, hook s.t. onto s.t. Mikaw-it (nangaw-it) siya sa ákung líug, She hooked her arm around my neck. Átung kaw-ítun (kaw-ítan) ang kaimítu, We’ll hook the star apple and pull it down. Íyang gikaw-it ang kawit sa íyang abága, He hooked the bamboo palm toddy container to his shoulders. {2} capture as the result of having run into by accident. Ang patrulya nakakaw-it ug kumpit sa ismaglir, The patrol ran into a smuggler’s boat and captured it. {3} s.t. with a hook on it to pull things out of reach to one. -an(→), -ánann hook onto which s.t. is hung.

kálay n k.o. children’s game similar to marbles played with cowries. v [AC2; b(1)] play kálay.

kalaykay_1 v {1} [A; ab2] dig up s.t. with the hands, hoe up s.t. in a scratching manner. Nagkaykay siyag kamúti, He is digging up sweet potatoes. {2} [A; b5] press hard with the finger tips in the pit of the stomach to massage it in a manner similar to scratching. Mukalma ang kabúhì ug kalaykáyun (kalaykáyan) ang tiyan, A burning stomach calms down when you massage it in a digging motion. n hoe.

kalaykay_2 n a k.o. tellin clams, about 1½″ long and 1″ wide, sand-colored and found in the sand along the shore.

kaláyu n fire. v [B2S6] {1} grow into, be on fire. Nakáyu ang bága nga giitsa sa basúra, The ember thrown into the garbage turned into a fire. {2} be on fire with an emotion. Nagkalayu siya sa kalágut, He was fuming with rage. {3} spark, produce sparks. Nagkayu ang ismiril sa dihang gidaítul ang amul, The sharpener gave off sparks when the bolo was pressed against it. kayukayu v {1} [A] for cooking utensils or burners to produce sparks while cooking s.t. {2} [B1456] for love to be burning. -in-(→) n boiled corn on the cob. kakalayúhan n fires of hell.

kalbaryu n {1} calvary. {2} situation causing intense mental suffering. Kalbaryu nákù ning pagtuun ug sista, Learning to play the guitar is utter torture to me. v [B126] become a calvary.

kalbásà = kalabásà.

kalbu n bald-headed. v [B1] be bald-headed.

kalbúru = karbúru.

kaldíra n {1} boiler of steam engines. {2} seat of one’s emotions as the source of ardent feelings. v [A; a2] install, make into a boiler.

kaldirin see kaldíru.

kaldiríta_1 see kaldíru.

kaldiríta_2, kaldirítas n {1} a stew of goat’s meat and spices. {2} stewed dog’s meat (humorous). v [A; a] make goat stew.

kaldíru n metal pot, usually flat-bottomed. baryu nga way — cemetery (humorous). kaldirin n cooking pot, cylindrical in shape, usually made of galvanized sheet metal, and flat-bottomed. kaldiríta_1 n light metal pot with flat bottom, usually for storing food.

kaldíyu n egg drop soup, usually with a fish base but may be made of a different base. v [A1; a] make egg drop soup.

kaldu n {1} soup made by sauteeing meat and spices to which broth has been added.{2} bowl, cup to hold soup. v [A1; a] make soup. kalduhan n tiny cup for chocolate.

kalgas n animal flea. v [a4] have a skin disease characterized by small, itchy pyramid-shaped eruptions. It spreads when scratched. -un(→) a having this type of skin disease.

kalhang = kal-ang.

kalhay_1 v [AB1N; a] {1} make big tears in s.t. Nagkalhay (nangakalhay) ang íyang sinínà, Her dress was all tattered. {2} destroy utterly. Nakalhay ang taytáyan sa bumba, The bridge was utterly destroyed by the bombs.

kalhay_2 a for grains or powder to be dry and not stuck into lumps. Kalhay ang balas nga uga, Dry sand is loose. v [AB2; a2] for grains or powder to be, become dry and loose, cause them to be so. Ag-ága ang harína arun makalhay, Sift the flour to make it nice and powdery. Kinsay mukalhay (magkalhay) sa nagbúgul nga yapak? Who will break up the lumpy soil?

káli v [A; a] gather root crops by digging. Magkáli (mangáli) tag balanghuy, Let us dig some cassava. kalihun a mature root crops (ready for digging).

kalibhay = kalìhay.

kalibkib n the slivers of coconut meat and brown exterior portion which remain after the meat of the coconut has been shredded. binday nga -un woman’s sex organ that is thin like the kalibkib.

kalibri_1 n {1} caliber, quality, ability. Mau nay kalibri sa táwung húmuk masukù, That is the k.o. man that gets angry easily. {2} caliber of a bullet or firearm.

kalibri_2 (from libri) n k.o. cassava with red stems. It may be eaten with little cooking without poisoning effect in contrast to other varieties. It is so called from the phrase makalibri sa kagútum ‘save from starvation’.

kalibugan see líbug.

kalidad n {1} quality. Maáyug kalidad ang panaptun, The cloth is of good quality. {2} kind, sort. Unsa may kalidad sa íyang pagkatáwu? What k.o. a person is he? -is(←)_1 a of various kinds. v [B1; a1] be of various types. Nagkalidádis lang ang ákung tinda, I sell all sorts of goods. — ang tíngug for the voice to change pitch in fear. Basta malísang ku, makalidádis dáyun ang ákung tíngug, When I get frightened my voice gets uncontrolled.

kalidádis_2 n k.o. small sweet potato with an orange flesh and dark-red skin.

kálids n {1} college. {2} one in college. Kálids ka na? Kabátà pa gud nímu! Are you already in college? You sure are young for that! v [B6] be in college. Mukálids na siya sa sunud abli, She will be in college next schoolyear.

kálids swing n college swing, a k.o. old-fashioned permanent wave where the hair is cut up to the nape of the neck. v [A; c1] wear a college swing permanent.

kaligkig = kigkig, 3, 4. paN- = pangigkig. see kigkig.

kaligutgut = aligutgut_2.

kalìhay v [A; c] carry s.t. by having it slung over the shoulders. Nagkalìhay ug pusil ang mga mangangáyam, The hunters had shotguns slung over their shoulders.

kalíhim n secretary, an official in charge of a department of the government. v [B1256] become a secretary.

kalimbagas v [A] run as fast as one can to get away from s.t. Mikalimbagas siya ug dágan paghitungud sa mintiryu, He ran as fast as he could as he passed the cemetery. Kábaw nga nagkalimbagas ug ginukdánay, The mad rushing of carabaos running after one another.

kalimpus n a variety of white-grained paddy rice.

kalimutaw, kalimútaw n {1} iris or pupil of the eye. Mudakù ang kalimutaw sa iring ug magabíi, A cat’s eyes grow large in the evening. {2} by extension, eyeball. Ang nagbudlat níyang kalimutaw, His bulging eyeballs.

kalindaryu n calendar. káwas, lápas na sa — for a girl to be above thirty (and get beyond a marriageable age—lit. go beyond the calendar).

kalinding = kalíring.

kaling n small dried anchovies. -in-(←) = kaling.

káling v {1} [AB6; c1] turn over on the side, cause s.t. to do so. Mukáling ang kúlun nga ibutang sa lamísa nga way bangil kay língin ang lubut, If you put a clay pot on the table without a support it will turn over on its side because it is round-bottomed. Kalínga (ikáling) ang mga libru sa lamísa básin nadat-ugan ang sulat mu, Turn the books over on the side. Maybe the letter is just underneath them. {2} [A; a12] move s.t. solid and heavy showing it one side at a time. Kalíngun lang nátù ang pridyidir kay dì ta makadaug, Let’s just move the refrigerator by shoving it one side at a time because we cannot carry it. {3} rock a small boat that has been grounded so it will move free. Kalíngun nátù ang búti kay mitaub na, Let’s rock the boat to free it because the tide is beginning to come in.

kalíngag = kaníngag.

kalingkaling n k.o. mussel living in the roots of mangroves, about 1½″ long.

kalingkit n old variety of red, fine-grained paddy rice.

kalinyas n {1} bobbin on which the thread for weaving is wound. It is attached to the shuttle. {2} amount of thread put on one bobbin. v [AN; a] wind thread around the bobbin in weaving. -an(→) n = kalinyas.

kalípay n {1} name originally given to an ornamental shrub planted for its leaves: Polyscias fruticosa. {2} name now also given to the croton, an erect ornamental shrub planted for its large, shiny leaves in various mottled colors and in a variety of shapes: Codiaeum variegatum. -an = kalípay, 2.

kalipikar v [A] register for voting.

kalipikasiyun n {1} qualification. {2} registration of new voters. v = kalipikar.

kalipir n caliper, an instrument used to measure the thickness or diameter of s.t.

kalipláwir = kulipláwir.

kalipsu n {1} calypso song, dance. {2} calypso outfit, consisting of a straw hat and a sport shirt or blouse, the lower edges and sleeves of which are scalloped or raggedy.

kalíring v [APB3(1); c1] roll, usually said of flat disk-like things; cause s.t. to do so. Ang taklub sa kaldíru mikalíring sa kanal, The pot cover rolled into the canal. n hoop used as a toy for children to roll.

kalíru_1 v [A; c1] stack ears of corn or rice on the stalk in an orderly arrangement. Íyang kalirúhun (ikalíru) ang ináni, He’ll stack the harvested rice. n orderly stack of rice on the stalk or ears of corn.

kalíru_2 see kal.

kalis v {1} [A; a12] flatten off s.t. that heaps up to measure them exactly. Kalisun nátù arun way bintáhà, Let us level it off carefully so no one gets too much. {2} [a12] dismiss a group from office. Ug malibiral ang administrasiyun kalisun mu sa inyung katungdánan, If we get a Liberal administration you will all be swept from office. n s.t. used to level off a measured item.

kális_1 n chalice.

kális_2 n k.o. pointed sword, around 18–20″ long with serrations near the handle.

kalísa n a two-wheeled horse drawn carriage. v [A13] ride in a kalísa.

kaliskis n scale-like crust on the skin. v [B1456; a4] have such scale-like encrustation on one’s skin. Butangig lána ang ímung bitíis kay nagkaliskis (gikaliskis), Rub oil on your legs because they have scales on them.

kalit a {1} sudden. {2} suddenly, abruptly. Sa kalit lámang nalímut siya kanákù, He suddenly forgot all about me. v {1} [B] happen suddenly, quickly. Nikalit (nakalit) lag abli ang pultahan, The door opened suddenly. {2} [AN; abc] do s.t. suddenly, quickly. Átù ning kalitug kúhà, Let’s grab this quickly. Gikalitan ku siyag haluk, I suddenly kissed her. Ayawg ikalit pagbutang, Don’t put it down hastily. {3} [b8] be surprised, caught unaware. Nakalitan siya sa balità. Walà giyud siyang katíngug, He was shocked by the news. He couldn’t speak. kalitkálit v [BN; abc] squeeze in s.t. in one’s spare time. Nagkalitkálit silag ábut, They took time out for a quick tryst. Kalitkalíti nag silhig, Take out a few moments and sweep it. pa- v [A; b(1)] take s.o. by surprise. Átù siyang pakalitan arun dílì makapangandam, Let’s take him by surprise so that he cannot prepare himself. paniN- v {1} = kalitkálit. {2} [A2; b] walk out on s.o. or one’s obligation. Dílì ku makapaningalit kanímu kay ikaw may ákung pakaslan, I can’t desert you, for I am going to marry you. Wà kung kauban níla kay íla man kung gipaningalitan, I did not get to go with them because they walked out on me. ma-(→) a sudden. Makálit nga katalagman, A sudden calamity. ma-un(←) a do things on the spur of the moment, without proper thought. Makalítun ka ra kaáyu sa ímung mga sáad, You are two-faced in your promises.

kalítang n k.o. banana eaten raw, rarely grown commercially because it keeps poorly.

kalkag a for the hair to be disheveled, in disarray. v [APBN; c1] for hair to become disheveled, cause it to do so. Ang hángin mauy mikalkag (mipakalkag) sa ákung buhuk, The wind caused my hair to get disheveled. Panudlay kay mikalkag (nangalkag) nang ímung buhuk, Comb your hair because it is disheveled.

kalkal v [A; a] dig with light instruments. Magkalkal ta ug tambákan sa mga sagbut, We will dig a pit to throw the garbage into. Nakakalkal silag usa ka kaban nga buláwan, They have dug up a trunkful of gold.

kalkulu, kalkúlu = karkulu.

kalma a {1} calm. Kalma kaáyu ang panahun run, It’s a very calm day. Kalma kaáyu siya taliwálà sa kakuyaw, He remains very calm in the face of danger. {2} slow, deliberate, and sure in behavior. Kalma kaáyu siyang nagtrabáhu bísag giapíki, He worked slowly and deliberately even if he was under pressure. Kalma siyag sinultihan, He speaks slowly and deliberately. v {1} [B; a12] become calm, be unruffled of feelings, be soothed in pain. Kalma lang. Ayawg kasukù dáyun, Calm down. Don’t get mad right away. Nakalma (mikalma) na ang dágat. Mularga na kita, The sea has become calm now. Let’s go. Makakalma (makapakalma) sa sakit ning tambála, This medicine can soothe pain. {2} [b4] be becalmed. Wà makairug ang barútung gikalmáhan, The sailboat was caught in a calm and could not move. -du a calm and collected. -nti n tranquilizer. Kalmanti lang tung iniksiyun nga gihátag sa duktur, The injection that the doctor gave was only a tranquilizer.

kalsáda = karsáda.

kalsadur see kalsu.

kalsitin n socks. v [A; b] put socks on s.t., get, make into socks.

kalsu v {1} [A; ac] wedge s.t. into s.t. to make it hold or to make it come on or off. Kalsúhun sa panday ang tabla nga gilansang sa bungbung, The carpenter will pry off the boards that were nailed to the walls. Kalsúhi ang ímung sapátus arun sayung isul-ub, Use a horn for your shoes so you won’t have any trouble putting them on. Ikalsu ning papil sa húnus arun dílì mabukas, Wedge this paper in the drawer so it won’t come open. {1a} wrench s.t. loose at the joints or s.t. tied around s.t. else. Ang kawatan nakakalsu sa íyang mga kamut gíkan sa púsas, The thief managed to wrench his hands out of the cuffs. {2} [A; c1] stick s.t. in the pocket. Ayaw ikalsu (kalsúha) ang ímung daug. Iplantáda giyud sa lamísa, Do not pocket your winnings. You must keep them on the table. n {1} lever to pry s.t. off, open. {2} shoehorn. kalsadur n shoehorn or anything used for putting on the shoes.

kalsúnis = karsúnis.

kalsunsilyu = karsunsilyu.

kaltik n an empty can of motor oil about 7″ long with a diameter of about 2′, locally used as a unit of measurement for sea shells.

kaltiks n {1} Caltex, name of a company and a brand of gasoline. {2} = kaltik.

kalù_1 = kalùkalù. kalùkalù a stupid, mentally defective. Sugúa lag simpling butang ang táwung kalùkalù, Give morons simple orders. v [B12; b6] become stupid, slow-witted; consider s.o. as such.

kalù_2 v [A; c1] scoop out the top part of a liquid. Ikawù (kaw-a) ang buwà sa linung-ag, Scoop away the foam from the top of the boiling rice.

kálù n hat. — sa pitrumaks n shade of pressure lantern. v [A; a] wear a hat, make into a hat. kalùkálù n {1} glans penis (humorous). {2} conical cover for a chimney top. v [A; b6(1)] put up a conical cover over a chimney. Gikalùkalúan níyag sín ang panghaw, He put a conical cover made of iron sheeting on the smokestack.

kalub a for the surface of s.t. round and flat to be depressed. Dílì giyud muhárì ning usa ka dakúa kay kalub man ang patay, This one centavo coin will not come up heads because its tail is depressed. v [B; a12] get depressed in the middle. Nagkalub man lang ang ági niíning plakáha, My! How warped this record is.

kalubay n a variety of common squash that has a club-shaped fruit, 2–4′ long, with smooth whitish-green skin and white flesh, the skin and flesh of which are edible. It is sold commercially as kalbásang putì: Lagenaria leucantha. v [A13; b6] cook kalubay or with kalubay.

kalúbid n an old variety of paddy rice with white grains.

kalubkub n small, low-roofed hut for temporary shelter. v {1} [A; b] make such a hut. {2} [A; c] put, store in such a hut.

kalug n k.o. hand tool similar to a small sickle used in cutting rice panicles during harvest. v [A; a] use this instrument.

kalugkalug = kalùkalù. see kalù_1.

kalugpus, kalugpuy = kulugpus.

kalugtì n k.o. sweet potato with white peelings and yellow or reddish meat.

kalugungkugung n name given to several aromatic herbs, used as a hair rinse. In some areas the name is given to a plant used as a spice, probably Ocimum sanctum. — sa kabáyù a tall, strongly aromatic, woody herb of waste areas: Hyptis suaveolens.

kalúha (from duha) n twin, twins. Si Pidru ákung kalúha, Peter is my twin. Nanganak siya ug kalúha, She gave birth to twins. v {1} [C3] be twins. {1a} [A12; b6] have as one’s twin. — ug sawa be born at the same time as a snake. Some people are thought to have snakes around them that bring good luck. These snakes are thought to have been born at the same time as the person and are considered his twin. {1b} [b(1)] be coupled with. Ang íyang mga kasákit gikaluháag pagmáhay, His sufferings were coupled with regrets. {2} give birth to twins. Ang íyang asáwa gikaluháan ug babáyi, His wife gave birth to twin girls.

kalukalu (not without l) n sweet made of very fine corn grits (tiktik) boiled with coconut milk and sugar. v [A13; a] make kalukalu.

kalukálu_1 (not without l) n fried rice, made of leftover rice and usually nothing else but salt. v [A; a1b(1)] cook or make simple fried rice.

kalukálu_2 n the sweet, watery outer coating of coconut meat.

kalukhu v [A; a] scrape, scratch off s.t. that sticks to a surface with a thrusting motion. Gáhì kalukhúun ang dukut sa kúlun, It’s hard to scratch burnt rice in the pot. Kukhúi ang dárug lápuk, Scrape the plow clean of mud. kalukhuun n {1} meat of very young coconut at a stage that it is just scraped, not dug out, or the dalínug. {2} dredged to the point that only a little is left to dig out.

kalúkud = kulúkud.

kalúkus = kulúkus.

kalumingking = kulumingking. see kingking_1.

kalumitsing = kamuritsing. see muritsing.

kalumpang n spreading tree which reaches a height of twenty meters or more bearing foul-smelling flowers which are deep-red in color and kidney-shaped fruit, as big as a child’s fist with edible peanut-like seeds: Sterculia foetida.

kalumpit n an old variety of paddy rice with white grains.

kalung_1 n upland river crab with a red breast.

kalung_2 = kalug.

kalunggu n {1} feathers just coming in. {2} warts. v {1} [AN; b6] for feathers to come in, either in young birds or after shedding. Ug mangalunggu ang balhíbu, sakit nga hikápun, If the feathers are just coming in, it hurts the bird if you touch them. {2} [B26; a4b4] turn into a wart, be affected by a wart. Ug makahikap kag kawunggug manuk, kawunggúhun ka, If you touch sprouting feathers, you will get warts. Gikalunggúhan (nangalunggu) ang tibuuk níyang bukubuku, His back is all covered with warts.

kalungkung v [B; c1] for the body or limbs to be curled up, bent. Nagkungkung siya sa katri sa túmang katugnaw, He curled up in bed from severe cold. Nakungkung ang mga tudlù sa tigúwang, The old man’s fingers are gnarled. Ikungkung (kungkunga) ang ímung tiil, Pull in your legs. a curled up, bent.

kalunsing = lunsing.

kalúpù v {1} [A; c] wrap s.t. around s.o. or oneself. Kalupúi ang bátà kay tugnaw, Put s.t. around the child because it’s cold. {2} [c1] make, use as a shoulder wrap. n s.t. used to wrap around oneself. Unsa may kalúpù mu ug paalut ka, tualya? What do you use around your shoulder if you get a haircut, a towel?

kalus v [A; a] {1} fetch water. Nakakalus na kug pára ikalígù, I’ve already fetched water for my bath. {2} get liquid out with a dipper. Mukalus na lang ku ug sabaw, I’ll just ladle out soup for myself. Kalusun lang ni nátù arun maángay, Let us just ladle this out so we will have equal shares. n {1} s.t. used as a dipper. {2} dipperful. (←) n intense action of fetching water. v = kalus, 2. paN- = kalus, n1.

kaluskus_1 v {1} [A; ab] scrape or scratch to remove s.t. from a surface. Kuskúsag maáyu ang kan-un nga namilit sa kaldíru, Scrape out the rice that is sticking to the pot. {2} [AN; b5] scratch the hair hard with the hands. Nagpanguskus siya sa kakatul sa íyang úlu, He kept on scratching because his head itched so intensely. Nakakuskus (nakapanguskus) siya sa íyang úlu tungud sa kalisud sa prublíma, He scratched his head due to the difficulty of the problem.

kaluskus_2 v {1} [AN; a12] pull up the trouser legs or sleeves. Nangaluskus (mikaluskus) siya sa íyang karsúnis, He rolled up his trousers. {2} = kuyuskus.

kaluskus_3 = kaguskus.

kálut v [A; a] {1} dig, excavate. Ang luyu sa balay gikalútan ug atábay, A deep well has been dug in our back yard. {2} scratch an itch. Kalúta ang ákung likud, katul, Scratch my back. It’s itchy. — ug dílì katul = hikap sa dílì hilikápun. see híkap, 6. (→) n {1} pit or hole dug up. {1a} amount dug up. {2} instrument for scratching oneself. paN- v [A] scratch oneself. Nangalut siya sa íyang tingkuy, He scratched the back of his neck. -in-an(→) n {1} place where a hole or pit is dug up. {2} place s.o. scratched. maN-r-(→) n {1} one who digs s.t. {2} gravedigger.

kalutkut v [A; a] scrape off s.t. hard by rubbing it back and forth. Nagkalutkut siyag dukut, He’s scraping off the food sticking to the pot.

kaluwaan see duha.

kaluykuy n whooping cough. v [a4] have a whooping cough. Nanglugwà ang íyang mata ug inubu kay gikaluykuy siya, He is coughing his head off because he has a persistent cough.

kalyi n street. Náa sa Kalyi Magalyánis ang mga dagkung tindáhan, The large department stores are on Magallanes Street. pasa- girl one is playing around with, not seriously in love. Unsa guy mangasáwa? Pára pasakalyi lang nà siya, Who said I was going to get married? I’m just playing around with her.

kalyu n corns on the toes. v [B126; a4b4] get corns. Gikalyu (gikalyúhan) ang ákung tiil, I have corns on the feet. kalyuhun a having corns all over it.

kalyus n dish made from the legs and tail of cows or carabaos. The bones are removed and the meat is sliced, sauteed with spices, and then stewed with vegetables.

kám = kalam.

káma n {1} bed, usually with mattress. {2} a large stack of s.t. piled in an orderly fashion. v {1} [A1; ab] make one’s bed, make into a bed. Magkáma ka sa katri inigmata nímu, Make your bed after you wake up. Kun walay láing higdáan mahímu rag kining tag-as nga bangkù kamáhun, You can use these benches as beds to lie on. {2} [A1; c1] stack into a neat way. Ákù ning ikáma (kamáhun) ang káhuy sa sílung, I’ll pile this firewood under the house. -in- n in a large neat stack. -da = káma, 2 n, v. kinamáda = kináma.

kamadutsay n married man’s mistress. v [A; a12] have, make into a mistress.

kamagkù = kumalagkù.

kamagung n k.o. large forest tree producing a highly prized, hard, black wood used as building material and for making canes. The fruit is brown and hairy with white flesh and edible. Varieties bearing fruit with few seeds are planted and sold commercially as mabúlu: Diospyros discolor. a a person who is very dark black. †

kamálig n {1} storehouse for farm products. {2} stable for work animals. Ang Diyusnung Bátà natáwu sa kamálig, The Christ Child was born in a stable. v [c1] store farm products in a storehouse. atup nga -in- roof consisting of a single piece of wood set at an angle. -in-, -in-(→) a by the granaryful. Kinamálig kun mupalit siyag bugas, He buys rice by the granary.

kamálù (not without l) n k.o. poultry disease characterized by black spots on combs or eyes of fowls. v [A123P; a4b4] be affected with this poultry disease. Gikamálù (gikamalúan) ang mata sa manuk, The chicken’s eyes are affected with poultry disease.

kamalunggay = kalamunggay.

kamandag n {1} meconium, the first stools of a newborn baby. {2} poison venom.

kamandir n commander. v {1} [BN; a2] be a commander. Kinsa na man karuy nagkamandir (nangamandir) sa mga huks? Who is the commander of the Huks? {2} [AN; a2b2] commandeer. Ákung awtu nakamandir sa armi, My car was commandeered by the army. -un a like a commander.

kamang n k.o. red snapper producing red fat: Lutianus sp.

kámang v [A2S; b5] {1} creep, crawl. Tabúni ang pagkáun kay kamángun unyà sa mga uk-uk, Cover the food or the cockroaches will crawl all over it. {1a} — sa kalisud, — daw úmang be in utter poverty. Nagkamang kami sa kalisud, We’re crawling in poverty. {1b} be sent sprawling on the floor. Nakakámang intáwun ang táwu nga naigù sa suntuk, The poor fellow was sent sprawling to the floor after he was hit by the blow. {2} [A; a12] go to a woman’s bed without prearrangement to have illicit relations. Ang ílang búy nagkámang ni Pitra, Their houseboy crawled into Petra’s bed. {3} [A; a12] go after a voter to keep him from voting for the opposition. Ang wà pa nímu mahaylu, kamánga. Kinahanglang way bútung Usminya dinhi, Go after those you can’t win over. There must be no votes for Osmeña. -in-ay(→) n going after voters in the last moment to keep them from voting or buy their votes.

kamangyan n a dried form of the resin obtained from almasíga and other forest trees. It is burned over coals for its smoke, which is used in folk medicine and other rituals for magical purposes and also used as a mosquito smudge or for other non-magical purposes.

kamaníru n one who works on street or road maintenance. v [B16; a2] worker on street maintenance.

kamansi n breadfruit with seeds, the seeds and pulp of which are eaten as a vegetable when not ripe: Artocarpus camansi.

kamansili, kamansilis n medium-sized tree with short, sharp spines at the base of the leaves and on the branches that bears a white or reddish edible fruit similar to tamarind (sambag) but smaller and with a more pronounced spiral. The bark is used for tanning: Pithecolobium dulce.

kamantígì = kalamantígì.

kamanyan = kamangyan.

kamara báha n House of Representatives, the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines.

kamarin n warehouse with an iron roof. v [A12; a2] make, build, make into a warehouse. -in- a by the warehouseful.

kamarun n dish of shrimps, split and dipped in eggs, optionally mixed with ground meat. v [A; a] make, have kamarun. — ribusádu = kamarun.

kamarúti n an officer’s quarters on the deck, cabin in a sailing vessel.

kámas_1 v {1} [AN; c6] struggle, strive intensively in an endeavor. Hala, kámas arun ka mulampus, Strive hard so that you’ll be a success. {2} [AN; a] do s.t. in the shortest time possible. Nagkámas siya pagpanghúgas arun makasúruy dáyun, She did the dishes hurriedly so that she could go out soon. kamaskamas = kámas_1, v2.

kámas_2 = kamras.

kamátis n tomato. v {1} [b6(1)] cook s.t. with tomatoes. {2} [B2S] be green or red like a tomato. {2a} [B2S46N; a4S] for a penis just circumcised to swell like a tomato. Nagbulad ka man gud sa ínit maung nagkamatis (nangamátis, gikamatis) ang ímung tulì, You went out in the sun, so your penis you just had circumcised has become red and swollen.

kamáug_1 n a mild cuss word, euphemism for kamatay, expressing disgust or anger over s.t. or s.o. Kamáug, nahibilin man diay ang yáwi, Darn! I forgot the key.

kamáug_2 n k.o. terrestrial orchid that grows in waste places, commonly under coconut trees. It has a fleshy rootstock which produces a sticky sap, used as a glue for guitars. The scrapings also have medicinal uses: Geodorum nutans. v [A; b6(1)] glue s.t. with kamáug.

kam-aw n shallow earthen bowl, used to hold food. v [c16] put in a small earthen bowl.

kamay v [AN; b5] summon by a wave of the hand. Ang dakung pátag sa Kauswágan daw nagkamay (nagpangamay) kaníya, The wide plains of Kauswagan seemed to be beckoning to him. Ákù siyang gikamay (gikamayan), I beckoned to him.

kámay (from kalámay) n {1} taliwálà, ibabaw sa — in ecstasy (usually sexual). Bisag mamatay ku karun dáyun basta sa ibabaw sa kámay, I don’t mind if I die this instant as long as I’m in the midst of ecstasy. — mu {1} now see what you have done! Kámay mu nà karun, nadakpan hinúun ta, Now see what you have done! We’re caught! {2} can you imagine this surprising thing happened! Kámay mu bay siya pay manghulam, unyà mangísug pa, Can you beat that! He borrows and then gets angry! {2a} — ug imagine if this surprising thing were to happen. Kámay mu bag láking makigminyug láki! Imagine a man marrying a man!

kamayingking = kumingking. see kingking_1.

kamayu = kalamáyu.

kamba v {1} [A3; b4] have a quickened heartbeat. Mikamba ang ákung dughan sa gitiúnan aku sa pistúla, My heartbeat quickened when the pistol was pointed at me. {2} [B46; b4] be inhibited by a feeling of fear and respect. Mukamba giyud ming sír, We are all scared of the teacher.

kambang n k.o. grouper.

kambantulì n a k.o. long sword with a pronounced and a flat end jutting out to a point at the bottom.

kambas v {1a} [AN; b5c] canvass for votes or sales. Kambásun (kambásan) nátù sila kay wà pa sila hibaligyai, Let’s canvass them because they haven’t bought any. Ikambas ning bag-ung pruduktu sa kasilinganan, Bring this new product around the neighborhood. {2} [A; a12] count votes, ballots.

kambat v [A; a] tie or weave a network: {a} around a bottle to protect it or across the mouth of s.t. to keep the contents from falling out. Kambáta ang pagbáat sa bukag arun dílì kataktákan, Tie the basket up with a net over the mouth so that nothing can fall out of it. Átung kambátan ning dáma sa tubà, Let’s weave strips of rattan around the demijohn. {b} to mend or patch s.t. Gikambat nákù pagsursi ang midyas, I darned the socks by weaving a network.

kambáya n {1} reenforcing string tied crisscross over a kite’s frame to which the paper is pasted. Butangig kambáya ang tabánug, Put reenforcing string on the kite. {2} parallel lines crossing each other at right angles, forming a design similar to plaid. Ang kambáya sa íyang bistídu pula ug birdi, Her dress has crisscrossing red and green lines. v [A; b(1)] tie or put reenforcing string. -in- = kambáya, 2.

kambirs n brand of expensive high sneakers.

kambiyáda n {1} transmission of cars and other automotive vehicles. Ang kambiyáda sa íyang awtu may kwarta martsa, The transmission of his car has a fourth gear. {2} change of key in a piece of music. Nindut kaáyu pamináwun ang kambiyáda íning kantáha, This song is very melodious the way it changes keys. — sa hángin change of wind. Kining hilanáta dala sa kambiyáda sa hángin, This fever was brought on by the change of weather. v [A; c1] {1} put or shift into gear, operate the gearshift. {2} change the key in a piece of music. {3} [B; b4] for the wind to change.

kambiyu n {1} transmission of automotive vehicles. Daut ug kambiyu ning awtu, This car has a defective transmission. {1a} stick shift of the transmission. {1b} gear. Kambiyu sa primíra, First gear. Kining trakturáha may dusi ka kambiyu sa abanti, This tractor has twelve forward speeds. {2} change of key within a piece of music. {3} change of wind. {4} money given as change. Pila may kambiyu sa ímung písus? How much change did you get for your peso? v {1} [A; c6] shift gears. {2} [A; c1] change the key in music. {3} [B; b4] for the wind to change. {4} [AC; c] exchange things with s.o., give s.t. in exchange. Magkambiyu ta ug lingkuránan, ha? Let’s exchange seats, shall we? Singku písus ákung ikambiyu sa matag dulyár, I will give five pesos for every dollar. {4a} [A23; c] give s.o. his change. Wà ku nímu kambiyúhi, You haven’t given me my change. -in- n s.t. given in exchange for s.t. else.

kambiyúlu n {1} vertical roulette, table roulette. {2} raffle drum.

kambúha n {1} chicken whose feathers are naturally upturned like those of an angry hen. {2} name given to fish with fins sticking out prominently like the kambúha chicken, e.g. kinds of dragonets.

*kamhir nagdala ug — for a woman’s action to have a note of flirtation in it. Ang íyang pahíyum nagdala ug kamhir, Her smile said, ‘Come here.’

kami we (not including addressee). Kami mubáyad ug makagustu, We pay if we like it. mi short for kami. Dílì mi mubutar ni Markus, We will not vote for Marcos. námù {1} gen. Amahan námù, náa ka sa mga lángit..., Our Father, who art in heaven. {2} short for kanámù. kanámù dat. Ári kanámù ihátag, Give it to us. Ayaw língì kanámù, Don’t turn around to look at us. ámù preposed gen. {1} our. Ang ámung irù, Our dog. Ámung ibaligyà, We will sell it. {2} my place, at home. Si Pápa túa pa sa ámù, Dad is at home. taga- one from our place. Si Pídu taga-Karkar, dílì tagaámù, Pedo is from Carcar. He is not from our place. {3} the one that is ours. Ang inyung irù putì, ang ámù itum, Your dog is white, ours is black. {3a} ang — gud the thing that worries us. Ang ámù gud ug mahibalu sa plánu ang amahan, The thing that worries us is that the father will know of the plans. {4} [verb] ug ámù [do] by ourselves. Magdúwà mig ámù, We’ll play by ourselves. {5} sa ámù = kanámù. amúa = ámù. kamikámi n {1} just us, no one special. Kamikámi ray naglútù áni, We cooked this ourselves. {2} — ra [nom. or dat.] be distantly related to us. Kamikámi ra si (ni) Markus, Marcos is distantly related to us. {3} — ra we are of the same caliber, age, in comparison. Kamikámi ra si Ríta ug abilidad sa mat, Rita and I are about the same in math. v [A13; a12] do s.t. by ourselves. Nagkamikámi lang mig puyù áning gamayng balay, We’re just living by ourselves in this small house.

kámig a cold to the touch. Kámig kaáyu ang ayis, Ice is very cold. v [BN; c1] be cold. Nangámig na ang patayng láwas, The corpse is cold.

kámil, kamilyu n camel.

kamingking = kumingking. see kingking_1.

kaminíru = kamaníru.

kamintang_1 = kumintang.

kamintang_2 variety of croton (kalípay, 2).

kamira n camera.

kamísa = kamísa tsínu. — dintru n men’s dress shirt. v [A3; a] wear, make into a dress shirt. — tsínu n men’s outer garment worn loose and hanging either long or short-sleeved and collarless. It is used by older men for formal or casual wear. v [A3; a2] wear, make into a camisa chino.

kamisin n undershirt, sleeveless or T-shirt style. — dibrásu sleeveless undershirt. v [AN; a] wear, make into an undershirt.

kamisíta = kamisin.

kamisúla n a k.o. loose, chemise-like, sleeveless undergarment for women, with a rounded neckline, worn below the kimúna and nagwas. v [A; a] use, make a kamisúla.

kamisulin = kamísa dintru. see kamísa.

kamisun n whole slip. Naglabaw ang ímung kamisun, Your slip’s showing. v [AN; a] wear, make into a slip. -in- a like a slip in shape.

kamkam v {1} [A; ab2] touch with the fingers. Ayawg kamkáma ang tunukung sanga, Don’t touch that thorny branch. {2} [AN] take s.t. that is not one’s own. Ngánung mikamkam ka man sa dílì ímung butang? Why did you touch s.t. that didn’t belong to you? Nasakpan ang tisuríru nga nangamkam, The treasurer was caught embezzling.

kamlà v [A; a] touch s.t. heavy-handedly. Dúnay nagkamlà sa ákung linabhan kay nabuling, S.o. pawed my laundry because it has dirt on it. Nakakamlà kug basang iti, I inadvertently touched wet chicken dung.

kamlas = kamras.

kamlut v [A; a] pull out s.t. with little force or pull gently on s.t. with the hands. Ayaw kamlúta nang sanga kay mahurut katágak ang mga dáhun, Don’t pull on that branch because you’ll knock all the leaves off. Kamlúta ang húnus, Pull out the drawer. Kamlútan níya ang basakan sa mga sagbut, He’ll pull out the weeds in the rice paddy.

kampamintu n encampment, temporary camp. Ang kampamintu sa mga trabahadur duul sa subà, The laborers’ camp is near the river.

kampána n {1} church bell. {2} uvula. v {1} [A; b6] ring the bell. Ug kampanáhan ang bunyag, dakù ang báyad, You have to pay a lot if you want them to ring the bell for the baptism. {2} [b6] install a bell. kampanakampána = kampána, n 2. -ryu n belfry, bell tower. v [b6(1)] put a bell tower to a church. kampanilya_1 n small bell. v [A; b6] ring a small bell. Kinsa guy ímung gikampanilyáhan dihà? Who are you ringing that bell at? di- having a small bell at one’s disposal. abugádu di- a high-class lawyer (lit. one who uses a bell [to summon assistants]). {2} anything high-class. Púru dikampanilya ang ákung kahúguy, I only associate with high-class people. kampaníru n one who rings bells. v [B156; a2] be a bell ringer.

kampanilya_2 n ornamental shrub with large, yellow bell-shaped flowers: Thevetia peruviana.

kampanti a dressed elaborately, esp. with jewelry. v [A; c] be elaborately dressed and adorned with jewelry.

kampanya n campaign. v [ANC12; c] campaign, talk in campaigning. Nangampanya siyag pára itúkud ug iskuyláhan, He is campaigning for money to build a schoolhouse. Kampanyáhan tikaw básin adtu kang Markus butar, I’ll talk to you. Perhaps you’ll vote for Marcos. Kampanyáhan nátù si Markus, Let’s campaign for Marcos. Sa naandan bakak lang gihápuy ikampanya, As usual, they’ll tell a lot of lies in their campaign.

kampat a having paint, powder, or the like unevenly applied. Kampat ang pagpintal, The paint job was uneven. v [AB; c1] become splotched or uneven, cause s.t. to be so. Nawung nga nagkampat sa pulbus, Face, splotched with powder.

kampi_1 v [A2C; b(1)] take sides with. Dì ku makakampi sa usag usa níla kay púlus nákù sila minahal, I can’t side with either of them because they are both dear to me. Nagkakampi ang Hapun ug Aliman sa gúbat, The Japanese and Germans were on the same side during the war.

kampi_2 v [A; b5] tuck overlapping or dangling parts of a skirt, esp. a wrap-around, into the waist. Akuy mukampi sa ikug-íkug sa ímung sáya, I’ll tuck in the train of your skirt. Kampíhun (ikampi) níya ang subrang tumuy sa patadyung iniglíkus níya niíni sa háwak, She’ll tuck in the overlap of her wrap-around when she wraps it around her waist.

kampílan n k.o. long, sharp sword, straight-bladed, with the top sloping down to form a point and having a sharp spike protruding from the top side 2 or 3″ in the back of the tip.

kamping v [A; b] go camping, esp. scouts.

kampísaw = kulampísaw.

kampiyun n champion, winner of the first place in a competition. v [B16; a2] be, become a champion. -atu(←) n {1} championship: being a champion or period of time that one is a champion. Ang kampiyunátu ni Ilurdi nilungtad ug dúgay, Elorde was champion for a long time. {2} championship contest. Kampiyunátu run ang amatyur, Tonight’s amateur program will determine the champion.

kampu_1 n encampment, permanent or temporary. — santu n cemetery. v {1} [A1; b(1)] encamp. Nagkampu ang mga trabahadur sa may karsáda, The workers encamped near the road. Ang tiilan sa búkid mauy gikampúhan sa mga kaáway, The enemies encamped at the foot of the mountain. {2} [a12] make into a camp.

kampu_2 = alundris_2.

kampur n camphor oil.

kampus n campus, the grounds of a school or college.

kamras v [A; a12b2] scratch with the nails or claws. Ayawg híkap sa halu kay hingkamrasan ka, Don’t touch the monitor lizard. It might scratch you. -in-an n scratch marks. Nagdugù ang íyang buktung daghag kinamrasan, His arms were all bloody with the numerous scratches he had received.

kamray n pineapple fiber woven into a cloth.

kamrut v [A; a] {1} touch, grab s.t. with the bare hands. Ayaw kamrúta kanang atsára kay mapan-us, Don’t grab that sauerkraut made from papayas with your bare hands because that will cause it to go bad. {2} = kamlut.

kamu you (plural). Kamung duhay gitawag, I called the two of you. short form in position other than predicate: mu. Kinahanglan magtuun giyud mu, You must study. kamukámu {1} just you all and no one else. Kamukámu ras inyu run kay namaúlì na ang mga bisíta, You are the only ones left in the house now that the visitors have left. {2} distant relative. Kamukámu ra si Uyung kay mag-ágaw inyung isig ka amahan, You and Oyong are distant relatives because your fathers are cousins. v [A] do s.t. by yourselves. Magkamukámu lang diay mug adtu ug dì mu mangimbitar, Are you going by yourselves and not invite anyone else along? kamuhánun n related to you distantly or coming from the same place. Kamuhánun mu si Isku kay tagadidtu pud siya, You and Esco are from the same place because he also comes from there. ninyu gen.: your, by you. Bahinbahina ni ninyu, Divide this among yourselves. {2} = kaninyu. kaninyu dat.: you. Kaninyung duha kinsay maáyung mukanta? Who sings better of the two of you? Muawhag ku kaninyu sa pagpaningkámut, I urge you to strive hard. inyu {1} preposed gen.: your, by you. Ang inyung suliran, Your problem. Inyung buhátun, You all will do it. {2} belongs to you. Inyu ba ni? Does this belong to you? v [a12] make, get, have s.t. for yourselves. Kinta inyúhun na lang ang yútà bisag wà pa kabayri, In other words, you will have the land for yourselves even if you have not paid for it? inyuinyu v [A13; a12] do, have s.t. by, for yourselves. Mag-inyuinyu man mug kartíyu ug dílì musampit ug pakitábang, You manage things by yourselves and don’t call on anyone else for help. tagainyu n one coming from your place.

kámu v [AN; c1] prepare, cook food. Mabuntag siyay mukámu sa ámung pagkáun, She cooks our food in the morning.

kamù v [A; a] touch food with the bare hands. Kamua ang pagkáun ug dalì dang mapan-us, Touch the food with your fingers and it will get spoiled right away.

kamug = kamul.

*kamug way — {1} with no inheritance. Nakaasawa siyag way kamug, He has married s.o. without any inheritance. {2} penniless. Wà na kuy kamug kay nahurut ug pamáyad, I’m flat broke again because I paid all my bills.

kamúgaw = kabúgaw.

kamúhuy = kalamúhuy.

kamukámu n k.o. vine of open fields resembling the sweet potato, with violet, pink, and white flowers resembling the morning glory: Ipomoea sp.

kamul v [A; b5] moisten s.t. Kamulun (kamulan) ang binlud úsà ilúnud, The corn grits are moistened before you put them into the boiling water.

kámul a numb, devoid of sensation. Kámul pa ákung lagus sa iniksiyun, My gums are still numb from the injection. Kámul ákung tiil sa pagtinindug, My legs are numb from standing so long. v [B3PN; b4] be, become numb. Nagpangamul man ang ákung tiil, tingáli may piang, My foot is becoming numb. Maybe it is broken.

kamulitsing = kamuritsing. see muritsing.

kamúlu (not without l) {1} for s.t. to occur just when an activity starts or is about to start. Kamúlu giyud námung pangáun, pagkapálung sa sugà, We had just started eating when the lights went out. {2} simultaneously, while. Kamúlung gasirbisyu sa simbahan, gabúnù pud sa gawas, While the church service was going on, there was a murder outside.

kamunggay = kalamunggay.

kamúning n k.o. small tree of the secondary forest and also cultivated, furnishing a yellow wood used for canes, sword handles, and the like. The leaves are used to make wreaths or for other ornamental purposes: Murraya paniculata.

kamuritsing see muritsing.

kamusta = kumusta.

kamut n hand. v {1} [a12] do with the hand. Kamuta lang pagkáun, Just eat it with your hands. {2} [b8] be obtained, achieved. Makamtan nímu ang kalípay, You can achieve happiness. -in- v {1} [A; c1] do s.t. by hand. Magkinamut na lang kug tahì, I’ll just do my sewing by hand. Magkinamut ta, Let’s eat with our hands. {2} [A1] go about barefooted (humorous). Nagkinamut na lang siya kay gibanus ang íyang sinílas, He walked barefooted because s.o. was using his slippers. (←) = kamrut. paN-, paniN- v [A2; b6] {1} do s.t. by one’s own hand. Pangamutan (paningamutan) ni nákug trabáhu arun way mga sayup, I will do this work myself so there won’t be any errors. {2} = singkámut. n skill, ability of the hand. Ang íyang pangamut sa burda, Her skill in embroidery. maN-, maniN- v do s.t. expertly with the hands. Maáyu mangamut pandáya, A skilled carpenter. sing-, sin-(←) see singkámut.

kámut = kamlut.

kamúti n sweet potato: Ipomoea batatas.v [A2] have sexual intercourse with (humorous slang). Nakapangamúti si Isku gabíi sa íyang asáwa, Isko had sexual intercourse with his wife last night. — nga káhuy cassava: Manihot esculenta. paN- v {1} [A2; ab] dig sweet potatoes. Makapangamúti gánì kug usab hatágan ku ikaw, Next time I dig sweet potatoes, I will give you some. {2} [A23] be way behind in a contest, race, exams. Ang búgù nangamúti sa iksámin, The stupid fellow was way behind in his exams. kamutihan, kamutinhan n sweet potato patch.

kamuy = kulamuy.

kamwà n {1} the young of the katang, k.o. fresh-water crab. {2} k.o. harp shell.

kamya n k.o. ornamental ginger producing good-sized, white, fragrant flowers. The rhizomes are used medicinally: Hedychium coronarium.

kamyas = bangkiling.

kanà_1 {1} that (near hearer, far from speaker). Mau kanay ákung gustu, That is the one I want. -y bátà, láki expression of praise: atta boy! Kanay bátà! Síging nubinta, Atta boy! You always get ninety’s. {2} him, her (referred to previously or well-known). Sígi, bisitáhan nátù nà (nà siya), All right. Let’s visit her. {3} that, this, just mentioned or well-known. Ug pagbutar kaníya ang gikinahanglan, buhátun nátù nà, If what we have to do is vote for him, that’s what we’ll do. — nga when one does [so-and-so], when [so-and-so] happens. Sálum gud, kanà bang mulanguy sa ilálum sa túbig, Diving is, you know, when you swim under water. Arun lamì ang litsun kanang ínit pa isirbi, Serve the roast pig while it is still hot so that it will be tasty. {4} — nga ... pause word used while speaker is trying to think of what to say. Kanang, ímu úsà nga kuan, panítan, Er, you watchamacallit, you peel it first.— siya = kanà, 2. nà short for kanà or niánà. niánà short form: ánà. {1} gen.: of this. Háin man ang tabun niánang kahun? Where is the lid of that box? {2} dat.: to, at this. Ibutang ang siya niánang iskína, Put the chair in that corner. usa — ka [word of time] one day (week, month). Usa niánà ka buntag miabut ang bána, One morning the husband arrived. unsa may náa — what is the matter with that? Unsa may náa ánà, paríha ra man nang duha, What difference does it make? They’re both the same. Sigi lang, unsa may náa ánà? Gitan-aw man lang níya, Never mind. There’s nothing wrong with it. He was just looking at it. wà ku — I have nothing to say to that. Unsa may ímung ikatubag áni? Wà ku ánà, What can you say to this? I have nothing to say to that (lit. I don’t have that). naánà = niánà. ánà short for niánà. v [A3; a12] do like that, that way. Muánà ka paglingkud, You sit that way. Nag-ánà siya paghigdà, He lay down like that. Anáun nímu pagbatil, Stir in that way. taga- n Cebuano speakers of Leyte, so called to distinguish them from the speakers of Samar-Leyte Visayan (Warays) whose language does not use kanà.

kanà_2 n American lady (colloquial).

kanáas v [A2S3] make a rustling, rushing sound. Mikanáas ang mga dáhun nga gihuyup sa hángin, The leaves rustled in the wind. Nagkanaas ang túbig sa busay, The water in the waterfalls made a rushing sound. n rustling, rushing sound.

kanahan_1 a eager, enthusiastic in anticipation of s.t. Ang hinayaw kanahan kaáyu muadtug bayli, The girl who is so fond of dancing is eager to get to dances. v [B126; b6] get to be very eager.

kanahan_2 a {1} silly, stupid. Kanahan kaáyu ning batáa. Dì makatunung sugúun, This child is very stupid. He just can’t do things right. {2} reference to a person who causes one slight anger, given as a mild reproof. Kanahang dakù, gibílin lang ang suklì! You oaf, you forgot to get the change!

kanáhù = kanákù (dialectal). see aku.

kanáit see náit.

kanáka_1 = inday-inday, 3. see inday.

kanáka_2 n a native Hawaiian woman, usually thought of as being big and heavy-set. a of a kind that is tall or long and big in size. Kanáka kaáyu ug tiil nang bayhána. Makahubas ug dánaw, That girl has huge feet. They’re big enough to dry up a pool. Kanáka tingáli ning kapayása kay dagkù, These are monster papayas because they are so big.

kanákù see aku.

kanal n {1} ditch. {2} the grooves on the sides of a bowling alley. v {1} [A; b6(1)] dig a ditch. Magkanal ku sa átung balisbísan, I’ll dig a ditch around the house. {2} [B25; c16] be thrown towards the ditch, bowling grooves. Makanal (mukanal) pirmi ang búla inigdúwà níyag búling, The ball always rolls along the groove whenever he bowls. kanalkánal n small linear depression running on or along a surface. Kanalkánal sa lubut, Linear depression between the cheeks of the buttocks. Kanalkánal sa ilung, The depression running between the nose and the upper lips.

kanámù see kami.

kánap v [B; c1] spread over an area. Ang tipdas mikánap (nakánap) sa tibuuk láwas, Measles spread all over his body. Ikánap (kanápun) níya ang íyang mga ahinti dinhi sa syudad, He will spread his salesmen over the city. Ang baul gikanápan sa túbig, Water spread all over the field. kanapkanap a blurred, dim eyesight. v [B; b6] for the eyesight to become blurred. Mukanapkanap na giyud ang átung panan-aw kun magkatigulang na kita, As we grow older our eyesight becomes more and more blurred.

kanastru n a large hamper made of thin, loosely woven strips of bamboo or rattan, with no handle. It is usually used as a container for rice or corn grains, or versions with a lid are used as clothes hampers.

kánat v [B; c1] cover an area, length. Mikánat (nakánat) ang balità sa daling panahun, The news spread in a short time. Nikánat ug usa ka líbu ang gastu, The expenses reached a thousand pesos. Kanátun (ikánat) ni nátung písì arun hikit-an ang gitas-un, We should unwind this rope to see how long it is. n spread, breadth, length. Taas ang kánat sa kaláyu, The spread of the fire covered a large area. -in-, pina- a writing in longhand.

kanátù see kita.

kanáug see *náug.

kanáway_1 n wind that blows from a westward direction. Kanáway sa amíhan, Northwest wind. Kanáway sa habágat, Southwest wind. v {1} [B5] for the west wind to blow. Ug mukanáway ang hángin, dílì ta mularga, If the wind blows from the west, we will not sail. {2} [AN] sail before the west wind. Nanganáway sila paglarga, They sailed before the west wind. -an n direction from which the kanáway blows.

kanáway_2 n k.o. white sea bird, some 6″ long and 4″ high, found perched on driftwood or on sea corals.

kanawkánaw v [A2N] be perceived at a great distance, extend into the distance. Ang íyang tíngug mikanawkánaw sa mamingáwung kagabhíun, Her voice can be heard from way off in a distance coming through the stillness of the night. Nanganawkánaw ang kalapad sa humayan, The rice fields extended into the distance. Gamay na ang ayruplánung nanganawkánaw sa kalangítan, The airplane looked very small in the distance.

kánay v {1} [A23] for a feeling to spread throughout one’s body. Ang kabugnaw sa túbig mikánay ngadtu sa ákung tinái, The coolness of the water spread through my innermost bones. {2} [A23N; b6] for a sound to reach out or come from a great distance. Ang kagabhíun gikanáyan sa uwang sa irù, The stillness of the night was broken by the howling of the dog. kanaykánay = kánay.

kanày particle expressing surprise at what s.o. did and implying that the agent should be ashamed of himself. Kanày, naunsa mag táwu, nanghaluk nákù! Hey! What has gotten into this man, kissing me like that!

kanayun (from náyun) v [A13] say s.t. in a conversation. ‘Sa átù pa,’ nagkanayun siya, ‘In other words,’ he continued ...

kanbas_1 n canvass cloth.

kanbas_2 = kambas.

kandádu n padlock. v [A; b] padlock s.t. Baul nga gikandadúhan, A trunk that is padlocked. rumpi — k.o. barracuda.

kandaktur n musical conductor. v [B1256] be a conductor of a musical group.

kandi = kindi.

kandidáta n female candidate, usually in beauty contests. v [B12356] be a candidate.

kandidátu n {1} political candidate. — upisiyal candidate nominated for a certain post by the Party. {2} s.o. to whom s.t. unpleasant is likely to happen. Niánang ímung ubu kandidátu ka sa mintiryu, You’re a candidate for the cemetery with that cough of yours. Kandidátu mu sa kastígu hiniral, You’re both in for a spanking. v [B12356; a2] be a candidate. Nakandidátu siya apan walà kadaug, He was a candidate but he didn’t win.Unsang pwistúha ang ímung kandidatúhan? What position will you be running for?-ra n candidacy.

kandidit n candidate for office. v [B12356; a2] be a candidate.

kandíis_1 n dimples. -un a having dimpled cheeks.

kandíis_2 n k.o. tree about 30′ tall producing a lot of sap and bearing small rounded edible drupes: Garcinia sp.

kandil n {1} k.o. oil lamp made of a piece of bamboo about 2–4′, to the bottom of which a clam shell to hold the oil is attached. It is usually hung near the altar in a house or s.w. else in the house and kept burning throughout the night. {2} cylindrical metal cooking pot having a flat bottom.

kandílà n candle. v [A13] use a candle. Walay kuryinti karung gabíi, magkandílà na lang ta, There will be no electric current tonight, so we’ll just use candles. paN- v [A23] be like a candle. a be standing like a candle, bare and stripped. Nangandílà ang kamaisan nga naagian sa dúlun, The corn stalks stood bare and stripped of everything after a swarm of locusts had passed over them. {b} become skin and bones. Nangandílà siya sa kaguul, She is all skin and bones now because of her sorrows. {c} be grades of one. Nangandílà ang mga grádu sa iskálar, The scholarship student got all one’s (A’s). {2} [A2; b6] sell, make candles for sale. Nangandílà si Nánay pára nga makakitag kwarta, Mother makes (or sells) candles to earn money. {3} [A2] be kept standing for a long time. Haskang nakapangandílà nákug pinaábut nímu, My! I waited and waited for you. mag-r-(→), maN-r-(→) n candle seller. -un a shaped like a candle. Kandiláun siyag tudlù, She has long, slender fingers.

kandilabra n candelabrum.

kandilarya n {1} church festival celebrated on the second of February (forty days after the Nativity) for the blessing of candles. It is in commemoration of the presentation of Christ in the Temple and the purification of the Blessed Virgin and marks the end of the Christmas season. {2} candles blessed on this day, burnt during lightning storms. paN- v [A2] {1} sing carols during candelaria (carols about the three Kings, not about the birth of Christ). {2} spend this holiday s.w.

kandílaw (made up from kandílà and sílaw) n candlelight (literary).

kandilíru n candlestick or chandelier.

kanding n goat. — nga way súngay n dog, viewed as food (slang). Nag-íhaw silag kanding nga way súngay, They are butchering a dog. -un(←) a {1} goat-like. {2} hating to take baths. v [B12] develop an aversion for bathing. -an(←) n herd of goats. v [A13] raise goats commercially. kandingkanding n lantana, a k.o. aromatic perennial herb planted as an ornamental for its flowers and also growing wild. So called because the fruit resembles goat’s dung: Lantana camara.

kandul = kundul.

kandungga n a triangular neckerchief worn around the shoulders with any native dress, originally of heavily starched cotton. v [AN; a] wear, make into a kerchief of this sort.

kandus v [A; ab2] scoop up or shovel off s.t. Mikandus siyag balas sa karumáta, He shoveled sand out of the cart. Kandúsi ra kug sabaw, Please dip me some soup. n {1} scoop, shovel, dipper. {2} hand net used for scooping fish out of the water. {2a} scoopful, shovelful, dipperful.

kanduwálì n k.o. long, straight sword with a V-shaped indentation at the end.

kang_1 dat. marker for proper names. Ihátag kang Tasyu, Give it to Tacio. Aku ang nag-ingun kang Tátay, I was the one who told Dad. Ang kang Tiryu nga balay, The house that belongs to Terio. — kinsa to whom? Kang kinsa nang baláya? Who does that house belong to?

kang_2 n four mahjong pieces of the same suit (same design and number). Having a kang wins a certain amount. — buki a kang consisting of a buki. — sa búlak (pláwir) a kang consisting of four búlak’s. sikrit — a kang which one has not laid down, but retains in his hand. úpin — a kang which has been laid on the table. v [A2; a] get a kang. Mukang ku ánang karta nga ímung gilábay, I’ll get kang with the piece you discarded.

kángà a stammered speech due to nervousness. Kángà ang tubag sa maistra nga gipangutána sa supirbaysur, The teacher gave a stammering answer to the supervisor’s question. v [B6; a12] be rattled or stuttering in speech because of nervousness. Nakángà (mikángà) ang sinultihan sa tistígus nga gipangutána, The witness stammered under interrogation. kangàkangà = kángà.

kang-a a slightly open, having come off, having a long crack. Nanglìlì ang mga bátà sa kang-a sa pultahan, The children peeped through the small opening in the door. v [B3(1); a12] come off, develop a crack, get slightly opened. Mikang-a ang kaban kay punù ug bisti, The trunk opened up a bit because it was chockful of clothes. Nagkang-a ang laminisyun sa playwud, The veneer came off the plywood.

kang-al = kang-a.

kangga n k.o. carabao-drawn sled with two large runners laid flat on the ground to which traces are attached, with or without a whippletree. látay sa — v [c6] be thrown into the bargain. Way lábut ang karír sa mutur apan átù na lang ilátay sa kangga, The carrier doesn’t come with the motorcycle, but we’ll throw it into the bargain. kanggahan = kangga.

kanggaru n kangaroo.

kanggrína n gangrene. v [B2N; a4b4] develop into gangrene. Nakanggrína (manganggrína, mikanggrína) ang samad, The wound developed into gangrene. Giputul ang wala níyang tiil kay gikangrína (gikangrináhan) man, His left foot was amputated because it was infected with gangrene.

kangkang v [B36; c1] for two or more things which are joined at the base to spread apart. Mikangkang (nangangkang) ang íyang kamut nga nidáwat sa kwarta, He spread out his palm to receive the money. Nagkangkang ang mga panid sa libru, The leaves of the book are spread open. Ayaw kangkánga (ikangkang) ang ímung tiil, Don’t sit with your legs spread apart. a spread apart.

kangkárut a having lost all of one’s gambling money; go bankrupt. v [B12; b6] lose all gambling money; go bankrupt.

*kanghu walay — not have a cent. Wà kuy kanghu diri, I don’t have a cent with me.

kangrína = kanggrína.

kángù v {1} [AB; c16] shake s.t. erect, be shaken. Kinsay nagkángù sa lamísa? Nayabu ang sabaw, Who shook the table? The soup spilled. Unsay nakakángù (nakapakángù) sa ímung ngípun? What caused your teeth to get loose? Nikángù ang bintánà paghampak sa makusug nga hángin, The window shook from the impact of the strong wind. Nagakakangù na ang úlu ni tátay, tigúlang na giyud, Dad’s head is becoming shaky. He’s growing old. {2} [B] be rattled by a question. Mikangù ku adtung gipangutána kus abugádu, I got rattled when the lawyer put a question to me. {3} [B6] for an engine to sputter just before conking out. Mikángù ang makina dáyung kamatay, The engine sputtered and then conked out.kangùkangù a rickety and shaky. Kangùkangù nga taytáyan, tigúlang, A rickety bridge, old man. v [B; b6] be rickety or rickety and old.

kanhi {1} in former times. Kanhi, sa wà pay gíra, barátu ang palalítun, Formerly, before the war, goods were cheap. Sa kanhing mga tyimpu, In olden times. {2} the one which was formerly. Si kanhi Prisidinti Garsíya, Ex-President Garcia. Asáwa níya si kanhi Dga. Maríya Ríyis, His wife is the former Miss Reyes. Ang kanhing balay lungsud, The former town hall. {3} at end of phrase: it was [so-and-so] long ago that s.t. or s.o. achieved a new status. Naminyù siya sa Amirika tulu ka búlan kanhi, He got married in the States three months ago. kanhíay = kanhi, 1. kanhiánun a the ones of former times. Ang kanhiánung mga múda, The styles of former times.

kani = kini_1.

kaniadtu formerly. Kaniadtu ang pantalan didtu sa lawis, Formerly the pier was at the point. n {1} past event. Nindut handúmun ang átung mga kaniadtu, It’s nice to think back on what we used to do years ago.{2} former sweetheart. Mipahíyum tu níya kay íya man tung kaniadtu, She smiled at him because he was her former sweetheart. niadtu, adtu short for kaniadtu in all uses but as n. — pa long ago was the first time—i.e., [so-and-so] has been since long ago. Kaniadtu pa aku mamaistra, I’ve been a teacher since way back. Kaniadtu pa ku kabalità ánà, I’ve known about that for ages. Kaniadtu pa aku makakità sa ingun, That time was the first time I saw the like.

kaníha = ganíha.

kaníla see sila.

kanilun v [A; a1] do s.t. severely or in rapid-fire order. Kusug siya mukanilun ug súgù mu rag katsílà, He gives a lot of heavy orders like a Spaniard. Gikanilun kung Tátay ug kasábà kay nakapaburus ku, Father scolded me severely because I got a girl pregnant. Gikanilun nákug human ang mga buluhatun, I finished the work up in rapid-fire order.

kanímu see ikaw.

kanína = ganíha.

kaníngag n small to medium-sized tree of the forest, the bark of which produces cinnamon: Cinnamomum mercadoi and perhaps some other species of this genus.

kaninyu see kamu.

kánit v {1} [AC3; c16] do, be in close succession, form a close line. Mikánit ang mga duguung hitabù, Bloody events came one after another. Nagkánit lang ang mga balay sa daplin sa baybáyun, The houses are one right next to the other along the seashore. Kaníta (ikánit) pagláray ang mga silya, Put the chairs in a line close together. {2} [A] spread fast. Nagkánit ang káyu sa silinganan, The fire has spread through the neighborhood. Nagkakánit na ang mga hulungíhung, The rumors have spread. n action of spreading. a in close, uninterrupted succession.

kaníya see síya.

kaniyun_1 n cannon. v [A; a2] shoot with a cannon or artillery piece. -ásu v [A; a] bomb intensively with artillery. Ang bapur sa níbi nagkanyunásu sa Nurt Byitnam, The navy ship fired a barrage on North Vietnam. n artillery bombardment.

kaniyun_2 n {1} bobbin 4″ to 5″ long which holds newly spun yarn or fiber. {2} warp in a loom. {2a} length of cloth being woven. v [A; a12] wind thread on spools.

kankan v {1} [A; b6] for movement of water to erode or wash s.t. away. Ang balud kusug mukankan sa yútà, Waves are rapidly washing away the beach. Nakankanan ang bakilid, The slope is all eroded. {2} [A; a] remove soil or sand from an area. Nagkankan siya sa lápuk nga naglúup sa kanal, He shoveled the mud which clogged the ditch. Átù ning kankánang dapíta arun mapátag, We’ll remove some of the soil from this place to make it level. a eroded, worn away. -in- n s.t. that has been removed by eroding action.

kanlat v [A; a] {1} tear s.t. off or out with force. Dinhay buut mukanlat sa íyang kwintas, S.o. tried to pull her necklace off. Kinsay nagkanlat sa abísu sa bulitin burd? Who ripped the notice off the bulletin board? Ang kakusug sa hángin mauy nakakanlat sa atup, The wind tore the roof off. {2} throw a basketball downwards with force. Sulud giyud ug siyay mukanlat sa búla sa gúl, It’s sure to be good if he hurls the ball into the basket.

kansa (from kang kinsa) -ng whose. Kansang sulat ni? Whose letter is this? Babáyi, kansang dagway ..., A woman, whose face ...

kansil v [A; a] {1} cross out s.t. written. Kansíla ang subrang sintins, Cancel the extra sentence. {2} cancel s.t. already set. Kinsay nagkansil sa ákung urdir? Who cancelled my order? Ímu gánì syang kansílun sa lista, If you strike her off the list. Gikansílan ang tindáhan sa lisinsiya sa ilimnun, The store lost its liquor license. -d a crossed out, cancelled. kansilkansil n k.o. game of ‘she loves me, she loves me not’ done by cancelling the letters in the two persons’ names.

kansilar = kansil.

kansiling n crime of concealing a deadly weapon. Gikíha siyag kansiling kay hisakpang naglukluk ug báraw, He was caught with a dagger in his waist and was charged with concealing a deadly weapon.

kansir n cancer. v [B26; a4b4] become a, get cancer. Makansir ang tumur ug pasagdan, A tumor may turn into cancer if you let it go. Gikansíran (gikansir) ang íyang súsu, She has cancer of the breast. -un(→), -us(→) a having cancer.

kansiyun_1 v [AN; b] serenade. Gikansiyunan námù si Míla gabíi, We serenaded Mila last night. n song sung in a serenade. karáang — old tune, s.t. one cannot believe because it has been repeated too often. Wà nay mutúu ánang ímung karáang kansiyun, No one can believe that old song and dance of yours any more. -íru n the one who does the singing in a group of serenaders. v [B156; a12] be the singer.

kansiyun_2, kansiyung n in mahjong, drawing of the piece needed for one to go mahjong from the flower pile (payil sa búlak). Winning in this way entitles one to extra pay.

kansursilyu = karsunsilyu.

kanta n song. v {1} [A; a] sing. Káda buntag kantáhun níla ang nasudnung áwit, They sing the national anthem every morning. {2} [A; c] confess a crime, squeal on others (humorous slang). Nikanta siya sa kapulisan, He confessed to the police. Kinsay nagkanta ngadtu sa átung ámu nga miabsin ku? Who squealed to the boss that I was absent? — mísa n first high mass offering of a newly-ordained priest. v [A; b6] offer his first high mass. kantakanta a musical movie or play. v [A13] in a jolly mood, humming and singing. mísa -da n sung mass. Kantáda ang mísa karun, There will be a choir at the mass today. v [A12; c1] hold a high mass. -du s.t. sung as opposed to spoken. Púru kantádu ang mga linya áning papíla, The lines for this role are all sung.

kantalíta v [AN; b3c] mock, scorn. Sapían nga nagkantalíta sa mga kabus, A rich man who scorns the poor. Gikantalitáhan siya kay musugut kang bísan kinsa, She is scorned because she gives herself to anyone. n scorn. Kantalíta nga katáwa, Mocking laughter. makantalitáhun a scornful, derisive.

kantidad n {1} amount of money. {2} value or worth of s.t. in money or its equivalent. v {1} [B346] reach a certain amount or value. Mukantidad ning baláya ug kinsi mil písus, This house will be worth fifteen thousand pesos. {2} [c] give a certain monetary value to s.t. Pila giyuy ímung ikantidad sa itlug kung dinusinahun ku pagpalit? What price will you quote me for a dozen eggs? táwung di- a person of more than ordinary social standing.

kantil n drop-off in the ocean close to the shore. a be sharply dropping. -adu = kantil, a.

kantin n water canteen.

kantína n company store or eating place. v [a2] make into a canteen. paN- v [A2; c] go to the canteen to eat or shop.

kantíru see kantu.

kantu n corner, edge of s.t. rectangular. Isig gúnit mug kantu sa kahun, Each of you take hold of a corner of the box. Túa sila sa kantu mag-istambay, They are hanging around at the street corner. Kantu sa halígi, The edge of the post. — barína n corner brace used to bore in cramped places. — buy n punk who hangs around on the street. v [B16; b6] be a street punk. kantíru n stonemason, stone cutter.

kantur n male singer in a church. v [B16; a2] be a singer. -a n female singer in a church.

kanù n American (colloquial).

kanukay v [A; a12] disturb s.o.’s peace, disturb s.t. put in order. Way láing makakanukay sa mga híman sa laburaturyu gawas sa tiglilimpiyu, No one may disturb the laboratory equipment except the janitor. Mu rag gikanukayng hulmígas ang syudad sa paglínug, After the earthquake the city looked like an anthill that had been disturbed. Kanukayun ka sa mga maniníngil ug daghan kag útang, Your creditors will keep disturbing you if you have lots of debts.

kan-un see káun.

kanúnay a {1} always, frequently. Muy kanúnay nímung isulti, That’s what you always say. Muadtu siya kanúnay sa Buhul, He frequently goes to Bohol. {2} steadily consistent. Kanúnay ang inandaran sa makina, The engine runs steady. v [A; b5c] do s.t. always. Kanunáyag (kanunáyig) batil, Keep stirring it all the time. Ang íyang kalampúsan mauy ikanúnay níya ug sulti námù, His success is all he ever tells us about. -an(→) v [A13; b5] frequent a place, do s.t. frequently. Sukad niadtu, magkanunayan siyag bisítang Maríya, From that time on, he always visited Maria. Kanunayana (kanunayani) ug páhid ang singtánun mung nawung, Wipe your sweaty face frequently. ma-un a constant.

kanunisar v [A; b5] canonize s.o. into a saint.

kanus-a when? Kanus-a man ka muabut (miabut)? When did you arrive? Kanus-a ka man mularga? When will you leave? — lang when did [so-and-so] ever happen (when it never did)! Kanus-a lang gud ku mutíaw nímu? When did I ever joke with you?

kanúus n loud hissing sound. Sa kanúus sa suplíti dì ta magdúngug, We won’t hear each other over the roar of the blowtorch. v [A2S; ac1P] make a loud hissing noise. Mikanúus ang pitrumaks, The pressure lantern made a hissing sound.

kanyáhay {1} no wonder [such-and-such] a thing usually happens. Kanyáhay kang maníwang kay dì ka mukáun, No wonder you lose weight. You don’t eat. {2} sa — eventually, in the long run. Sa kanyáhay mamatay ra giyud siya tungud sa ínum, In the long run he will die from drinking too much.

kanyamásu, kanyamu n k.o. thin transparent cloth made of pineapple, maguey, or abaca fiber. Ang kanyamu mauy tahiun nga kimúna, Kanyamu cloth is used for the kimona.

kanyunásu see kaniyun_1.

kanyútu n small tube or hollow cylinder: e.g., a cylindrical metal tube in a kerosene lamp where the wick is inserted, or an enema tip. v [A; a] use, make a small cylindrical tube. Mikanyútu siyag papil nga sungsúngan sa upus, He rolled a piece of paper into a small tube to hold his cigar stub.

kap n short for kapitan, captain.

káp = kalap1, 2.

kápa_1 n cape. v [A; a] put on a cape, make into a cape.

kápa_2 = kápal.

kapagkapag v [A13; c1] walk fast—half running, half walking. Nagkapagkapag ang asáwa nga niápas sa íyang bána sa sugálan, The wife half-walked, half-ran to the gambling den after her husband.

kapakápa v [A2S; c1] {1} flap the wings or arms. Nikapakápa siya sa túbig kay dílì maantigung mulanguy, He flapped his arms in the water because he did not know how to swim. {2} jump up and down in happiness. Nagkapakápa ang bátà sa kalípay, The child jumped up and down in happiness. n fluttering or flapping of wings or arms. Ang kapakápa sa mga manuk mauy nakapúkaw kanákù, I was awakened by the flapping of chicken wings.

kapákut see pákut_1.

kapal n k.o. dark gray, highly esteemed fish, as big as a man’s palm, about as wide as it is long.

kápal, kap-al v [B3; c1] {1} cover, coat s.t. with a thick layer. Mukápal (makápal) nang buling sa ímung líug ug dì ka manglúgud, Your neck will be caked with dirt if you do not rub it when you bathe. Nakakápal ang abug sa mga silya, The dust has formed a thick layer on the chairs. Gikapálan ug lápuk ang tapalúdu, The fender got mud caked on it. {2} for an emotion to appear all over the face. Mikápal ang kalípay sa íyang nawung, His face shone with happiness.

kapálaw n k.o. sweet potato, oblong-shaped, with white meat and reddish peelings.

kapan, kapankapan = alisiwsiw.

kapan-usan n evening star, said to be so called because it disappears and by the time it returns its food has become spoiled (napan-us).

kapar v {1} [A; a2] spend money belonging to s.o. else or on a purpose for which it was not supposed to be spent. Mukapar (mangapar) nà siyag kwartang ipiyal níya, He is apt to spend money entrusted to him. Nakapar nákù ang igbalayad sa sugà, I spent the money I was supposed to pay the electric bill with. {2} [A; a12] buy, take all of s.t. Dì mi kapalit ug kaparun sa nigusyanti, We won’t be able to buy any if the merchant takes all of it. Kaparun námù ang tanang lingkuránan, We will take all the seats.

kapasidad n {1} power one has to do s.t., power of a machine. Sa kapasidad sa pagkaprisidinti, mabúhat nákù nà, As president it is within my powers to do that. Pilay kapasidad niíning pabrikáha? How much can this factory produce? Walà sa ákung kapasidad ang pagpahulam nímug kwarta, It’s not within my powers to lend you money. Susíhun giyud ang kapasidad sa mulún, We must check the borrower’s capacity to repay. Makinang may kapasidad nga kwarintay singku kabalyus, A motor with a capacity of 45 hp. {2} amount s.t. has space to hold. Ang sinihan may kapasidad nga dus míl ka táwu, The movie house has a capacity of two thousand people. v [A2] have a certain power or capacity to hold.

kapatas n {1} foreman. {2} one who loafs on the job, esp. in hard manual work done by a group (humorous). Dì mahuman kay daghan mang kapatas, It won’t get finished because there are too many supervisors. v [B6; a2] {1} be a foreman, act as a foreman. {2} act like a supervisor and not work.

kápaw v [B3; cP] {1} come to the surface. Mikápaw ang sílik sa íhu, The shark fin appeared above the water. {1a} rise up into s.t. Mikápaw ang ayruplánu sa kapunawpunáwan, The airplane went up into outer space. Usa ka maitum nga láraw nakakápaw sa íyang hunàhúnà, A diabolical plan hatched in his mind. {2} for an emotion to show. Nakápaw sa íyang nawung ang túmang kasukù, Intense anger showed on his face. n amount that s.t. shows above a surface. Ang kápaw sa submarínu, The amount of the submarine which appears above the water. saling- see salingkápaw.

kapay n {1} pectoral fins on a fish. {2} anything analogous that propels: wing, flipper. Ang mga kapay nga gigámit sa mananáwum, The flippers the diver used. Kapay sa langgam, The wings of the bird. v [A; a] {1} swim, fly with flapping motions. Tiil na lay ikapay ug kapúyun na ka, Kick your feet to help you swim if you get tired. {2} make flippers, wings for s.o. or s.t. kapaykápay v [A; c1] flap s.t. repeatedly. Nagkapaykápay ang kabaw sa íyang dunggan pag-ábug sa lángaw, The carabao flapped its ears to shoo off the flies.

kapáyas n papaya, small tree which bears a melon-like fruit. It is eaten ripe as a melon, unripe as a vegetable, esp. pickled, and the leaves are used medicinally: Carica papaya. katkat, dap-us sa — v have intercourse (humorous). — sa Amirikánu variety of large and often tasteless papaya. -un a {1} tending to cry readily, like the papaya, the skin of which exudes sap at the slightest touch. Kapayásun nang batáa, That child is a cry-baby. {2} for breasts to be pendulous like papayas. Tambuk ang mga anak niánang babayhána kay kapayásun man siyag dughan, The children of that woman must be fat because she has large and pendulous breasts. v [B12] get to be a cry-baby, have pendulous breasts.

kapdrap n cough drops.

kapi_1 n {1} coffee bean, plant, drink. {2} brown in color. Panaptun nga lútù kapi, A piece of dark brown cloth. v {1} [A13; b(1)] make, prepare coffee. {2} [A1; a12] make into coffee, grind into coffee. {3} [B2; a] turn brown in color. Kapihun ku ning ákung sinínà nga putì, I’ll dye my white dress brown. {3a} [A1] wear s.t. brown. Magkapi ang dúnay dibusiyun sa Karmin, A devotee of the Lady of Carmel wears brown. paN- v [A2; b6(1)] drink coffee. kapihun, kapinhun a colored s.t. like coffee. -tíra n coffeepot.

*kapi_2, *kápi_1 sa — nga instead of doing [so-and-so]. Sa káping muhílak, mikatáwa ang bátà, Instead of crying, the child laughed.

kápi_2 = kalapi_1.

kapi aspirína n brand of aspirin.

kapìkapì v [A13] for an emaciated person or animal to move with unsure steps. Nagkapìkapì na intáwun ang tisísun, The T.B. patient is walking unsteadily.

kapilya n small chapel or temporary chapel built annually to honor a patron saint. v [A1; a2] construct a chapel.

kapin v [B456; b(1)] be in excess or extra. Mukapin sa gatus ang mitambung, More than a hundred people attended. Nagkapin ka na sa ímung pagpasagad, Your irresponsibility is getting too much. Kapinan ug sulti sa tabian ang íyang mga libak, The gossip always exaggerates the stories she tells behind people’s backs. Kapin sa tungà ang ganansiya, The profit was more than half. — kun kúlang more or less. Ang íyang mga apu kapin kun kúlang, singkuwinta ka buuk, He has fifty grandchildren, more or less. — nga buut ulterior motive. Ayaw laínag sabut. Way kaping buut niíning ákung ihátag, Do not misunderstand me. I have no ulterior motives in giving you this. may (way) — nga kabubut-un having strings attached. Dúna giyuy kaping kabubut-un ang paghátag, kay unyà lisud pagbalíbad, There are strings attached to that gift, because she’s going to have a hard time refusing him after she has accepted it. — pa moreover. Kapin pa, nasáyud na giyud ang bána sa íyang gibúhat didtu, Moreover, the husband also found out about everything she did there. pa- v [A; c] give an excess or extra. Ngánu bang mukapin pa man giyud siyag sulti? Why does he have to say more than what is necessary? Gipakapinan kug usa ka buuk kay mipalit kug usa ka dusína, She gave me an extra one, because I bought a whole dozen. n extra, s.t. additional given. hiN-, hiN-(→) v [B1456] be done to an excessive degree. Naghingápin ra ang íyang pag-inum, He drinks too much. -an(→) {1} having anomalous growth s.w. in the body. {2} the donkey’s ears abalone, or any oval-shaped abalone, so called because there is more flesh in proportion to the shell-size than other types of bivalves. -an = -an(→), 2. tag-(→) each more than. Tagkápin sa gatus ámung báhin, We get more than a hundred as our share.

káping n capping ceremonies for nurses. v [A1; b(1)] hold capping ceremonies.

káping sú n coping saw.

kápir n copper.

kapisnun n old variety of white, fine-grained rice.

kapistuwa n k.o. medium-sized forest tree producing a hard wood, used as lumber.

kápit n influence or special connections for getting s.t. Dì ka madáwat ug wà kay kápit sa byúru, You won’t be successful if you don’t have influence in the bureau. v [A12; b6] manage to have s.o. influential to whom one can turn. Makakápit ta kang Sidru ug mapílì siyang diputádu, We can have s.o. to pull strings for us if Sidro is elected congressman.

kapital n {1} capital letter. {2} capital city. {3} capital, resources. {3a} quality that is an asset to success. Kapital na nímu nang ímung pangútuk, Your brains are an asset to you. v {1} [A; c1] write in capital letters. Kapitala (ikapital) pagsuwat ang mga ngálan sa táwu, Write the names of persons in capital letters. {2} [B126; a12] make into a capital city. {3} [A; c] put up capital. Niuprisir siya nga mauy mukapital sa manukan, He offered to put up the capital for a poultry business. {4} [c6] use as a source of profit or benefit. Ang kaálam ug katakus mauy maáyung ikapital sa panginabúhì, Knowledge and skill are assets in our struggle for existence. -ista n capitalist. v [B156] be a capitalist or financier.

kapitan n {1} boat captain. {2} army captain. — sa baryu n barrio captain, the titular head of the village. — birínu n the one who treats when a group eats and drinks. v [A1] treat a company. Kinsa may mukapitan birínu sa átung nangakáun? Whose treat is this dinner?

kapitíra see kapi_1.

kapitiríya, kapitirya n cafeteria, usually serving snacks, not heavy meals. v [A; c1] make, have a cafeteria. paN- v [A2; b6] go to a cafeteria.

kapitul n provincial government building housing the provincial government administrative offices.

kapitulu n chapter of a book, Bible.

kapitulyu = kapitul.

kapkap_1 v {1} [A; b6] grow clinging onto s.t. Bágun nga nagkapkap sa paril, A vine climbing on the wall. Dakù na ang dákit sa káhuy nga íyang gikapkápan, The strangling fig is larger than the tree it has grown around. {2} [A3N] grope for s.t. Nagkapkap (nagpangapkap) na lang kung naglakaw sa ngitngit, I had to grope my way in the dark. {3} [A; b(1)] search a body for s.t. Gikapkápan sa gwardiya ang buut musulud, The guard searched those who wanted to get inside. {4} [A2N] struggle to obtain s.t. Mukapkap (mangapkap) giyud ang táwu arun mabúhì, A man has to struggle to live. {5} [AN; a2b2] sneak into a house with the intention of having intercourse with a girl. paN- v [A] {1} grope. {1a} grope for s.t. to say. Ang táwung namakak mangapkap sa unsay itubag, A person who lies gropes for what to say.

kapkap_2 = kalapkap.

kapkáp n k.o. trigger fish, bigger than the pugut, and black in color.

kaplag (from pálag) v [A12; ab2] find s.t., come across s.t. Adtu níya sa Mindanaw kaplága ang íyang kapaláran, He will seek his fortune in Mindanao. Nakaplagan na ang tambal sa tísis, The cure for TB has already been discovered. Hikaplagan na ang taguánan sa tulisan, They found the hiding place of the robbers. Bag-ung kaplag sa maputing tábil, New movie discovery.

kapling n {1} cuff links. {2} coupling, mechanical device for joining things. v {1} [A; b6] wear, make into cuff links. {2} [A; b] join s.t. with coupling. di- having cuff links.

kapri = agtà, n 1.

kapritsu n caprice. Kapritsu tung ámung pagminyù, We got married on a whim. v [A; c1] make whimsical demands. Nagkapritsu ang asáwa níyang burus, His pregnant wife is making capricious demands. -sa = -su (female). -su a capricious.

kápul v [A; b6] form a thick layer that sticks. Mukápul ang tayà sa sulab, Rust will form a thick layer on the blade. Gikapúlan ug kayankan ang hunsuy, The pipe had a thick layer of tar in it. n encrustation, coating. Ang kápul sa buling sa íyang líug, The layer of caked-up dirt on his neck.

kapulíhay see púli.

kapulut (not without l) n bird trap made of a sticky sap extracted from a tree and placed on a stick tied to a branch. Any bird that alights on the stick will adhere. v [A; a] catch s.t. with this trap.

kapun v {1} [A; b5] castrate or spay domestic animals. Kapni (kapna) ang iring arun dì mahígal, Castrate the cat so it won’t get over-sexed. {2} [b2] take s.t. away from s.t., take a little bit out of s.t. Gikapnan ang kík, The cake has had s.t. removed. Nakúlang ang ákung suklì kay gikapnan níya, I didn’t get enough change because she held some of it back. {3} [A; b] cut off a portion from a plant to make growth take place in a desirable part. Kapni ang tabákù arun managkù ang dáhun, Cut off the terminal buds of the tobacco plant to make the leaves grow large. kinapnan n castrated.

kápung n woman prostitute (colloquial).v [B126; a2] be a prostitute. paN- v [A2; c] patronize a prostitute, engage in prostitution. -an(→) n red-light district.

kapunsa n a k.o. fine-grained, white rice with a savory, permeating smell.

kapupungtan see púngut.

kapus_1 v [B; ab] for s.t. which cannot be replaced to be practically running out. Nagkapus ang ámung bugas, ug dúgay pa ang swildu, Our rice is practically gone, and we won’t be paid for a long time. Nagkakapus na ang panahun nga gilugway kanákù, My time has practically run out.

kapus_2 = kap-us.

kap-us v [A; a1] {1} finish eating. Bag-u pa giyud kaming nakakap-us sa ámung panihápun, We have just finished our supper.{2} finish s.t. else. Mahingpit giyud ang átung pagpahúlay kun makap-us na ang átung kinabúhì, We can have eternal rest when our life is over. a be done eating. ‘Mangáun ta.’—‘Salámat na lang. Kap-us na ku,’ ‘Would you like to eat?’—‘No, thanks. I’m done eating.’

kaput = kubut.

káput_1 = kuláput.

káput_2 = kápit.

kapúti n {1} raincoat. {2} condom (humorous). v {1} [A; a] wear, make into a raincoat.{2} [A; b6] use a condom.

kápuy a {1} tired, weary, exhausted through exertion. {2} s.t. that is too much trouble, one who is too lazy to do. Dì ku musimba kay kápuy, I won’t go to church because I’m too lazy. — na it is too much to believe, it’s tiring to hear this repeated thing. Kápuy na ug tinuúrun nímu kug prí sa sini, I’m sick of hearing you say it. I doubt if you would really treat me to a movie. v{1} [A123P; a4b4] be tired. Pahúway ta kay gikápuy (gikapuy, gikapúyan) ku, Let’s take a rest. I’m already tired. {2} [b4] be too lazy to do s.t., find s.t. too much trouble to do. Kapúyan ku mutambung ug parti, I find it tedious to attend parties. Kapúyan ku malígù inigmata, I am too lazy to take a bath when I wake up. {3} [a4b4] be bored with s.t. oft repeated. Gikapúyan (gikápuy) kug pamínaw sa íyang mga panghambug, I have grown tired of his bragging. Gikapúyan (gikápuy) na kug kináun ug bulad, I am tired of eating dried fish. paN- v [A23; a4b4] be affected with a sore, tired feeling in the bones, of the sort one feels when ill. May hilánat ku maung nangápuy ákung láwas, I have a fever so my bones are all weary.n feeling of weariness. ka- n exhaustion, weariness.

kapyaspirína = kapi aspirína.

kapyut {1} = kulapyut. {2} = kápit.

kára n a gambling game just like hantak but using two coins. dubli — see dubli. kára krus = kára. laba- n washcloth. v [A2C3; ac3] play kára.

kárà v {1} [A; c1] speak rapidly with excitement. Mikárà siyag sugílun sa nahitabù níla pagbagyu, She described their experiences in the typhoon with great excitement. Hilum, nagkárà lang nang bàbà mu, Keep quiet, you blabber-mouth. {2} [A23] rush, go excitedly and hurriedly. Mikárà siya sa bangku pagkadawat sa tsíki, She excitedly rushed to the bank when she received the check.

karáan see dáan.

karab, kárab v [A; b6] for monkeys to chatter. Nagkarab ang ungguy mu rag dinhay gikahadlúkan, The monkey was chattering as though there was s.t. it was scared of.n monkey chatter.

karabalyas = karbalyas.

karabansus n k.o. bean with long pods having four, longitudinal, angular lobes, which are eaten: Psophocarpus tetragonolobus.

karabaw_1 = kalabaw.

karabaw_2 expression of slight annoyance. Karabaw. Sakit sa ákung tiil, Damn! That hurt! Karabaw. Kadúgay adtung ákung gisúgù, Damn! What could be taking him so long?

karábu = klábu.

karadutsi = kalatsutsi.

karadyaw = kaáyu (dialectal). see áyu.

kárag v {1} [A2; a] wander about. Imbis ka magkárag, maáyu pang magtuun ka, Instead of wandering about, you’d do better to study. Unsa pay inyung karágun, gabíi nang dakù? What do you all want to go out for when it’s already night? {2} [A2] do in a hurry, right away. Mikárag siyag trabáhu pag-abut sa íyang agálun, She rushed back to her work when her mistress arrived. (→), -an(→) a {1} restless, given to wandering. Karagan (karag) siya. Dílì magpuyù sa balay, He is restless. He does not stay at home. {2} for women to go out or deport themselves uninhibitedly (with lots of motion, gestures) in a way deemed unsuitable for women. Karagan (karag) nímu à! Ayawg yapayapa ug musulti ka, How immodest you are! Don’t throw your arms around when you talk. {2a} for a top to jump about instead of spinning steadily. Karag (karagan) kaáyu nang ímung kasing, Your top moves about as it spins. {3} — sa mga babáyi tending to go after women. v [B; b6] {1} get to be restless, wandering, uninhibited. {2} for a top to jump instead of spin steadily.

karahay_1 v [AN; b] do s.t. by borrowing s.t. which s.o. else owns. Nakapanahì ku kay nakakarahay (nakapangarahay) man ku sa íyang makina, I managed to sew some things because I got to use her sewing machine. pa- v [AN; ab] lend s.t. for s.o. to use while the owner is not using it. Pakarahaya ra ku sa ímung makinilya, May I use your typewriter while you’re not using it? Dì níla pakarahayan ang ílang utaw, They don’t lend their iron.

karahay_2 n cast-iron skillet with a round bottom, 2–4″ smaller in diameter than the kaláhà with proportionate depth.

karahay_3 v [A2; b4] leave a place in a hurry. Unsa may naingnan átu? Mikarahay man tu pag-abut nákù? What’s the matter with her? She left as soon as I arrived. Amù ang tanang líhuk run kay gikarahayan mi sa mga míd, We do all the work now because our household help walked out on us suddenly.

karáhu_1 n half-humorous reference to a big, clumsy, slow-witted person, often said in anger, but not necessarily so. Natumban ákung tiil sa karáhu, The lout stepped on my feet. Putì, dílì itum, karahúa ka, I said white, not black, you oaf.

karáhu_2 n lizard fish: Trachinocephalus sp. and Saurida sp.

karáhu_3 n penis (slang).

karakara v [A; b(1)] hurry s.o. or oneself up. Káda human sa ámung trabáhu mukarakara dáyun kug paúlì, As soon as work is over, I hurry home. Dì ka angayan mukarakára níyag súgù, It’s not right for you to give her orders and tell her to hurry it up. karakarahun a fond of hurrying others.

karaktir_1 n character in fiction.

karaktir_2 n one of the nine mahjong pieces that have Chinese characters as their design. v {1} [B126] for the piece as drawn to turn out to be a ‘character’. {2} [A12; b8] get a ‘character’ mahjong piece.

karakul n general name for volute shells or other univalves similar in shape.

káral v {1} [A2S3] rattle, give a clattering sound. Mikáral ang baldi ngadtu sa kanal, The pail fell into the ditch with a clattering noise. {2} [c1] do s.t. in a rattling, noisy way. Ayaw ikáral (karála) paggúyud ang silya, Do not drag the chair so noisily. n clattering sound.

karamba reference to s.o. made in mild anger, but not implying anything about the person to whom the reference is made. Karamba ning bat-ána. Nangáyù na pug túbig, Darn this child! He asked for another glass of water.

karambúla n {1} free-for-all cockfight in which three or more cocks take part. {2} free-for-all among people. {3} way of playing billiards such that the cue ball must hit both balls to score. {3a} score thus made. v {1} [AC; c1] hold a free-for-all cockfight. {2} [C; a2b3] have a free-for-all fight. Sa iláwum sa íyang dughan ingun sa adúnay daghang butang nga nagkarambúla, It was as if there were numerous matters fighting it out with each other deep in his breast.Husáyun ta lang ni. Ngánu bang karambuláhun pa man giyud? Let’s settle this case amicably. Why do we have to fight it out? {3} [AC; b] play carom billiards.

karamílu n white sugar that has been melted and allowed to harden, cut into rectangular pieces. It is used for beverages or flavoring. v [A1; a2] make rock sugar, put rock sugar into s.t.

karampag n k.o. sweet potato with slightly lobed and almost rounded roots (some irregularly shaped) white-skinned, with very light yellow, mealy meat, not sweet.

karamúsing n noisy fight, such as that between cats and dogs. v [C23; b3] have a noisy fight.

karamutsing = kamuritsing. see muritsing.

kárang n {1} stilts or similar contrivance to walk on, used for walking through water or for amusement. {2} = andadur. a tall and lanky. v [A; a] {1} walk on stilts, make into stilts. {2} = andadur.

karansa, karansay v {1} [A] be active and moving about a good deal. Nagkaransa ang duha ka buksidur nga nagpagayun, The two boxers danced about waiting for a chance. Nagkaransa na sad ang byúda, The widow is back in action again. {2} [C] have a noisy quarrel, ruckus. Nagkakaransa na sad ang magtiáyung palaaway, The quarrelsome couple is at it again. n action of moving about a lot, quarreling. Karansa sa istukáda, Dancing about in fencing.

karapáta n {1} k.o. fast multiplying, blood-sucking mite that burrows under the skin in the pubic hair causing intense itching. It is commonly spread by prostitutes. {2} k.o. tick. v [a4] be infested with this k.o. mite or tick.

karapatdápat humorous euphemism for karapáta.

karapitsi n sugarcane crushing apparatus composed of two steel rollers stood vertically on a platform, turned by a long piece of timber which is pulled by a carabao. The carabao is made to walk round and round to turn the rollers while the sugarcane stalks are fed into them one or two at a time, and the juice is squeezed out into a vat. v [A; a12] crush and squeeze juice out of sugarcane stalks with the karapitsi. karapitsihun ug bàbà having a mouth like a karapitsi—i.e., a voracious eater.

karapkarap v [A13] grope blindly for s.t. to hold on to. Nagkarapkarap ming misúbay sa pasilyu kay napáwung ang sugà, We groped our way along the corridors because the lights went out.

karas v [A; a] {1} rake out s.t. growing, harrow. Karasa ang mga sagbut, Remove the weeds by raking. Karasi ang humayan human madáru, Harrow the paddy after you plow it. {2} scratch lightly. Nakaras ang íyang buktun sa tunuk, His arm got scratched by the thorns. {3} scratch out, cross off. Karasun ku ang ngálan mu sa lista, I’ll cross your name off the list. n {1} rake, harrow. {2} light scratch. {3} marks made to cross s.t. off.

káras_1 a {1} for citrus to be acrid and biting. {2} for the throat to be raspy, dry, and sore. v {1} [B46; b6] for citrus fruit to be biting in taste due to acidity. {2} [B3N; a2b4] for the throat to be raspy, dry, and sore. Nagkáras ang ákung tutunlan pagkináun sa buúngun nga káras ug lamì, I felt a stinging sensation in my throat after eating too much of the acrid pomelo.

káras_2 v [B6] do s.t. suddenly in a hurry. Mikáras siyag saka sa táas pag-abut sa mga bisíta kay nagkarsunsilyu lang, He suddenly rushed upstairs when the visitors arrived because he was in his underwear.

karaskaras v [AP] behave roughly and ill-mannered, as when drunk. Dì ta makakaraskaras sa parti kay purmal man, You can’t let your hair down in the party, for it is a formal affair.

karat v [B; c1] for a top to keep jumping about instead of spinning steadily. Mukarat (makarat) ang ímung kasing ug dì matàrung ang lansang, Your top will jump about if the nail is not in straight.

kárat_1 a {1} giving off a grating sound like the sound given off by a sharp-pointed metal instrument rubbed on a surface. {2} = árat_1. v [B; c1P] give off a scraping or grating sound. Nakárat (mikárat) na ang tíngug sa radiyupúnu kay hilis na ang dágum, The victrola gives off a raspy sound because the needle is worn down. Makakárat (makapakárat) sa pawuntin pin kung iduut ni pagsuwat, Pressing down hard on the fountain pen causes it to give off a rough, grating sound.

karáti n karate. v {1} [A23] practice, do the art of karate. Ayaw siyag hagíta kay kamau nang mukaráti, Don’t challenge him because he is skilled in karate. {2} [A; ab2] deliver a karate chop with the side of the palm. Buak ning halublak ug ákung karatíhun, This cement block will break in two if I hit it with a karate chop. karatihay v [C2] engage in karate blows against each other. -sta, -syan n one versed in karate. v [B126; a12] become an expert in karate.

karatil_1 v [A; b3c] move away from s.w. fast and suddenly. Pagsirbátu sa pulis nikaratil ug panágan ang mga nanaghantak, When the cop blew his whistle the gamblers immediately took to their heels.

karatil_2 n large reel to which strands of hemp fiber twisted into rope are wound, used in rope manufacture. v [AN; a] reel twisted hemp strands on a frame in the process of making rope.

karatsutsi = kalatsutsi.

karatsutsu v [A; a] pile or roll chips or coins into groups of the same denomination. n pile or roll of chips or coins of the same denomination.

karatula n signboard, small hanging sign. v [A13; a] put up a signboard.

karátung = kalátung.

káraw_1 v {1} [A; a1] stir or shuffle s.t. around to mix it. Gikáraw nákù ang mga pitsas sa madyung, I shuffled the mahjong pieces. Karáwa ang armirul arun dílì magbitulbitul, Mix the starch so it won’t get lumpy. {2} [B; c1] shake back and forth. Mukáraw ang mga dáhun sa balíli inighuyup sa hángin, The blades of grass will stir when the wind blows. Nagkaraw ang síga sa kandílà, The candle flame is flickering. Karáwa (ikáraw) ang langkay arun manglúpad ang mga máya, Shake the dry coconut fronds to scare away the rice birds. {3} [AN; a12] touch or take things belonging to s.o. Kinsa na puy nangáraw sa ákung midiyas? Who could have used my socks? Walay makapangáraw sa butang sa upisína, Nobody can touch things in the office. -an(→) a tending to touch or take s.o.’s things. karawkaraw v [A; a12] {1} move around continuously. {2} busy oneself in household chores. Bísi ku kay daghan kug karawkarawun sa balay, I’m busy because I have lots of things to do in the house.

káraw_2 v {1} [B46] make a clattering noise. {2} [AC; b6(1)] play mahjong (so called from the noise made by the pieces). n noise made by movements of things that fall or are knocked.

karáwi n k.o. upland rice.

karaygan n the right side of cloth, the side which shows the design, as opposed to the obverse side which does not. v [c1] have clothing such that the right side shows. Karaygana (ikaraygan) ang lugum nga kulur sa panaptun, Sew the cloth with the darker color on the outside.

karbalyas n k.o. crevally: Caranx sp.

karbansus = karabansus.

karbáyin, karbin n carbine rifle.

karbun_1 n {1} coal. {2} carbon paper used in duplicating written or typed work. v [b] use carbon paper. Karbúni ang sulat, Make a carbon of that letter. — kápi n {1} carbon copy. {2} exact replica; children that look just like their relatives. Ang ímung anak karbun kápi giyud nímu, Your son looks exactly like you. v [A; c1] make a carbon copy of s.t.†

karbun_2, karbǔn n largest public market in Cebu City. paN- v [A2; c6] go shopping at the Carbon market. Mangarbun mi ug mabirnis kay tábù, We go shopping at Carbon on Fridays because that’s the market day. — kálids humorous appellation for the public market in Cebu, so called because most of the public transportation routes to the market also pass the schools, and where other passengers are heading for this and that college, the maids are heading for Carbon.

karbunátu = bikarbunátu.

karburadur n carburetor.

karbúru n calcium carbide. v [b1] treat a fruit with calcium carbide to make it ripen faster. kinarburúhan n fruit that has been treated with calcium carbide.

kard n {1} student’s report card. {2} in set phrases: balintayins, birtdi, krismas, pus — Valentine’s, birthday, Christmas, post card. v [A; a] list s.t. on a card.

kardába n variety of banana, 6–8″ in length, square in shape, and yellow when ripe. Usually cooked, though edible raw.

kardinal n cardinal in the church. v [B126; a12] be, become a cardinal.

kardíru = kaldíru.

karga v [A; c] {1} load, put in or on a conveyance. Suhúli ang nagkarga sa bukag sa trák, Pay the man who loaded the basket on the truck. Ikarga ring ságing sa balsa, Load these bananas on the sled. {1a} [A] take a load. Mukarga ug tris tuniládas ning tráka, This truck can take a load of three tons. {2} charge a firearm or battery. Gikargáhan nákù ang ripli, I loaded the rifle. Gikargáhan na ba ang ákung batiríya? Has my storage battery been charged? {2a} [A] hold a certain charge. Dì na mukarga ning batiriyáha, This battery cannot be charged any further. {3} [A; c1] carry s.o. in one’s arms. Akuy mukarga sa bátà kay nagkagúkam ka sa mga dad-unun, I’ll carry the baby for you. You’ve got enough to carry. {4} [A1; c] include figures in another figure. Kinsay nagkarga sa sumáda karun sa lista sa miáging búlan? Who included today’s totals in last month’s list? Ikarga ni sa útang nákù, Add this to what I owe you. {5} [A13; b6] charge s.o. for s.t. falsely. Gikargáhan siyag útang, He was falsely charged a debt. {5a} charge interest on. Ang ákung útang gikargáhan ug diyis pursiyintu, I was charged ten percent interest on my debt. n {1} load. hustu sa — well prepared. Antis mularga, hustu sa karga, Before venturing into s.t., everything should be prepared in advance. trák di- cargo truck. {2} — búru, búrut k.o. card game, similar to idiot’s delight. Each player gets five cards. The dealer pulls a card from the pack and puts it down face up. Each player follows suit. Whoever cannot follow suit must draw from the pack until he can. The one who puts down the highest card leads. The object is to rid oneself of his cards. v [A; c] play carga burro. — siráda a full, filled to capacity. Wà mi makasakay kay pulus karga siráda ang mga trák, We did not manage to get a ride because the buses were filled to capacity. Karga siráda ang ákung tiyan adtung kaúna, My stomach was filled to bursting after that dinner. v [B12; c1] become full. paN- v [A2; b6] work as a laborer loading goods. -da n {1} action of loading cargo on a boat. Ug way kargáda, wà say trabáhu ang mga kargadur sa piyir, If there is no loading to do, the stevedores are idle. {2} supplies or materials issued to an army, workers, and the like. v [A; c] {1} supply with materials or provisions. Kargadáhan mug dúgang bála, You will be supplied with additional bullets. {2} give supplies to. Ang SWA mikargáda (nagkargáda) ug panaptun sa nasunúgan, The SWA supplied the fire victims with materials for clothing. -du a {1} loaded, full. Dì na pasakyan ang trák. Kargádu na, The truck will take no more passengers. It’s full. {2} drunk. Ayaw na siyag paimna kay kargádu na, Don’t give him any more to drink because he’s already loaded. {3} full of, having lots of. Kargádu ug búnga ang nangkà, The jackfruit is full of fruits. {3a} most of. Kargádu sa mga istudiyanti karun way batásan, Most of the students nowadays are ill-mannered. {3b} be present in large quantities. Kargádug Insik sa Hungkung, Hong Kong is full of Chinese. Kargádu mga way kwarta ang nagpuyù dinhi, A lot of the people that live here don’t have money. Kargádug asin ang ímung timpla, You use a heck of a lot of salt in your cooking. v [B1; c1] {1} get to be loaded. {2} get drunk. -dur(→) n one who loads things onto a conveyance. v [B156; a12] become a loader, stevedore. -mintu n cargo, baggage.

karganti a making a pest or nuisance of oneself. v [b6] consider a pest. Gikargantíhan ku ánang batáa, sígig pangáyug singku bísag gibalibáran na, I find that child a pest because he keeps asking for a nickel even though I already told him no.

kargu n financial responsibility. Ímung kargu ang pagpaiskuyla sa ímung anak, It is your responsibility to send your child to school. Kargu sa suluguun ang mga plátung íyang nabuak, The servant is held responsible for any plate he breaks. v {1} [A; a1] take financial responsibility. {2} [A; c6] hold s.o. responsible.

*kari_1 — dipáta n dish of beef joints and feet with banana bud and eggplants cooked into a thick soup with rice and peanuts added. karikari n a dish of beef joints and feet cooked with Chinese spices. v [A; a2] have one of these two dishes.

kari_2 {1} = kiri. {2} = ari (dialectal).

kári n curry powder. v [A; a12] cook with curry. karihan n curry powder container.

karidad n charity. íhas di — Daughters of Charity, a religious order.

karikatúra n drawn caricature. v [A; b5c1] portray in caricature.

karikit = kurikit.

karína n k.o. skirt with no tail which gathers around the hips and with projecting ends used for tying around the shoulders, usually of home-woven cloth. It is worn around the house. v [AN; b6c1] wear the karína, make into a karína.

karindiríya n a small eatery where ready-to-eat foods are displayed. v [A13; a2] engage in a carenderia business. paN- v [A13; b] go to a carenderia to order food.

karingking v [A23] for women to conduct themselves so as to attract admirers. Kanúnay na siyang magmik-ap run, mikaringking na tingáli, She always makes her face up nowadays. She must be trying to attract admirers. n paramour, mistress (humorous).

karinyu n showing of affection by words or action. v [AC; b] express affection physically or with words. Ang hustis mikarinyu sa íyang kustumir, The nightclub hostess caressed her customer. Karinyúhun únà ang pagdúlug úsà magkúan, We engage in tender exchange of affections before we do it. Karinyúhan gánì siya sa íyang anak, mawā̀ dáyun ang kasukù, As soon as his little girl kisses him, his anger vanishes. -sa_1 a {1} showing affection. Dì ku kabalíbad sa karinyúsa nákung anak, I cannot refuse my daughter because she is so affectionate. {2} being charming in action and speech. Ang mga Ilungga karinyúsag tíngug bísag masukù, The Ilongo women talk sweetly, even when they are angry. v [B12; c1] {1} become affectionate. {2} become charming and pleasant. Ang íyang sanag nga pagtan-aw sa kinabúhì mauy nakakarinyúsa níya, Her bright attitude on life allows her to be sweet and charming. -su = karinyúsa (male).

karinyúsa_2 n {1} folk dance in 3/4 time. {2} song which accompanies this dance. v [A2C2; b6] dance the cariñosa.

karír = kírir.

karíra_1 n {1} horse race. {2} = anilyu, n1, v. v [A13; b6c1] have or run a horse race. karirahan n {1} race track for horse racing. {2} racehorse.

karíra_2 n career.

karista (from káru) n one who works in a sawmill placing the logs to be sawed on the carriage that conveys them to the revolving blade. v [B156] become a loader.

karíta_1 n {1} spool for thread. {2} spoolful.

karíta_2 n Carreta, name of an area near Cebu City, where there is a leprosarium.

karíti n {1} spool. {2} spoolful. v [A; c1] wind s.t. on a spool. karitihan n bobbin on a sewing machine or on which thread is wound.

karitil = karatil_1.

karitíla n {1} calesa, k.o. horse-drawn cab, holding two passengers facing frontwards. {2} = karitilya. v [A1] {1} ride such a carriage. {2} = karitilya.

karitilya n wheelbarrow or small three-wheeled cart for transporting light items. v [A; c1] load or transport s.t. in a wheelbarrow.

karitíra, karitíras n main road or public highway running outside of a town. v [A13; a2] make, make into a highway. paN- v [A2] go along the main road. — prubinsiyal main or arterial road or highway.

karítis = karíti.

karitun n {1} device consisting of a pole and a wheel or two wheels, from which a load is suspended. {2} drifter, one who always goes about anywhere like the karitun. v [A; c1] transport s.t. with a karitun.

karkulu, karkúlu v [A; a12] reckon, calculate. Karkulúha ug pilay átung magastu sa piknik, Estimate how much we will spend for the picnic. n {1} reckoning, calculation. {2} viewpoint, way one regards a situation. Sa ákung karkúlu mu rag dílì háyan ang gíra, As I see it, there’s no likelihood of war.

karlang_1 = bisul.

karlang_2 n liar, boaster (euphemism).

karmas = kamras.

karmilítus n candy.

karmílu = karamílu.

karmin n {1} the Virgin of Mount Carmel. {2} badge worn by Carmelite nuns and devotees. {3} habit worn by devotees of the Virgin of Carmel. v [A; b] wear this habit. paN- v [A2] make oneself up pretty, smell nice (like the Virgin of Carmel). Nangarmin siya kay mamasíyu, She’s making herself up nice because she is going for a walk. lubag ang paN- what happened is the result of [agent]’s own stupidity (lit. your dressing up has turned sour). Lubag na ang ímung pangarmin. Ayaw na pagkatkat ug usab, You brought it on yourself. Next time do not climb. v [A; b4] for s.t. to happen to one as a result of his foolishness. Naglubag na ang ímung pangarmin, What’s happened is your own doing.

karminatíbu n carminative, a k.o. liquid medicine for expelling gas from the stomach.

karnába = kardába.

karnabal_1 n carnival or fair. v [A1; b6] hold a carnival or fair. paN- v [A2] go to a fair or carnival. -an(→) fair grounds.

karnabal_2 n in playing mahjong with a deal of sixteen pieces, the situation where a player has eight pairs. He is then in a position to get seven pairs of two (syíti páris) and one three of a kind on his next draw, which gets him mahjong.

karni n {1} meat, flesh of animals (not fowl) used as food. {2} a woman viewed as having a nice body. Kanay karni! Maáyung kusìkusíun, What a woman! It would be fun to pinch her all over. v {1} [A; a12] have meat for meals. Talagsa na lang kitang makakarni panahun sa kwarisma, We rarely eat meat during Lent. Karung mga panahúna makarni na ang irù, Nowadays dog meat can be used as food. {2} [A; a] use s.t. for meat. Ang usa ka bábuy átung aslun, ang usa karníhun, One pig will be roasted, the other will be cut into pieces for meat. — asádu roast meat. — nurti n corned beef. v {1} [A13] have corned beef. {2} [A3; a12] make into corned beef. — púra lean meat. karnihan n meat section in the market. -síra, -síru n meat dealer.

karníru n sheep. -in- a a way of weaving, usually of a blanket or a towel, that comes out thick and curled like a sheep’s pelt.

karpintíru n carpenter. v [B156; a12] be, become a carpenter.

karpit n carpet. rid — n {1} red carpet, royal welcome. {2} seats placed just outside a ring where live shows, boxing, or wrestling matches, or exhibitions are held.

karsáda n street, highway. v [A; a2] build a road. Ang mga baryuhánun mismu mauy nagkarsáda niíni, The village people themselves built this road. Karsadáhun ning dapíta, This place will be made into a road. paN- v [A2] go along the street or highway.

karsil n prison house. v [AP; c1] put s.o. in prison. Karsílun (ikarsil) nang táwung walay salà? Imprison an innocent man?

karsitin = kalsitin.

karsu = kalsu.

karsúnis n {1} trousers. {2} = nag-, 1a. v {1} [A; a] wear, make into trousers. Mukarsúnis ka bag dáan? Would you wear old trousers? Bísag mga babáyi run magkarsúnis na, Even the women wear trousers these days. Ang babáyi dílì pa makakarsúnis sa simbahan, Women still cannot wear trousers to church. Karsunísun ku kining panaptúna, I will make this cloth into trousers. Karsunísi ang bátà, Put the child’s pants on him. Ikarsúnis ning bag-u. Tan-áwun ta, Put on these new trousers. Let’s look at them. {1a} nag- men, viewed as potential partners for women. Unsay ákù? Dílì ra ikay nagkarsúnis (karsúnis), What do I care? You’re not the only man in the world. {2} [A12; b8] get pants. Nakakarsúnis ku pagbisíta nákù sa ákung uyuan, I got me a pair of pants free when I visited my uncle. Lúgus ku makakarsúnis niíning ímung iswildu nákù, I can hardly afford to buy pants with what you pay me. Pagbisíta sa ákung bayaw hikarsunisan kug mahalun, When my brother-in-law came for a visit, it cost me an expensive pair of pants. paN- v [A2] put one’s pants on. Nangarsúnis pa ku pag-abut sa bána, The husband arrived while I was putting my pants on. Midágan siyang wà ngánì makapangarsúnis, He ran off without even getting a chance to get his pants on. -un(→) n cloth to be made into pants. Bayinti ang karsunisun niíning panaptúna, This cloth costs twenty pesos per cut (enough to make a pair of pants). -in- n made like a pair of pants. Paldang kinarsúnis, A skirt made like a pair of pants. -in-an n way one wears one’s pants. Yasyas ug kinarsunisan nang tawhána, That man wears his pants crookedly.

karsunsilya = karsunsilyu, n1.

karsunsilyu n {1} panties. {2} man’s undershorts or boxer-style trunks. v [A; a] wear, make panties, underpants or boxer trunks.

karta_1 n letter sent by a prospective groom’s parents to the parents of the prospective bride announcing that they will come to the house to ask for the girl’s hand formally (pamaláyi). v [A; b6] send such letter.

karta_2 n {1} cards or mahjong pieces. {2} hand in cards or mahjong. Sa íyang karta dihay duha ka alas, He got two aces in his hand.†

kartabun v [AN; a1] strike from an upraised position with the hand or s.t. held by the hand. Mukartabun ning batáa sa íyang gulunggulung ug sungúgun, This child will strike you hard with his rattle if you tease him. Way sakit ang unlan nga ikartabun sa ū́, A pillow does not hurt if you strike the head with it.

kartil n placard, poster, notice for display in a public place.

kartilya_1 n {1} system of teaching reading where the student starts by learning the alphabet, then the combination of two or three letters to form syllables, and finally the blending of the syllables to form words. {2} primer reader teaching this method.

kartilya_2 = karitilya.

kartíra_1 n {1} wallet. {2} lady’s bag. {3} small briefcase or suitcase.

kartíra_2 = karitíra.

kartíru n mail carrier, postman. v [B156; a2] be, become a postman.

kartíyu v {1} [AN; a] be able to work out a problem, think one’s way out of a tight spot. Wà siya makurnir kay maáyung mangartíyu, They couldn’t pressure him into marriage, because he was a quick thinker. Kartiyúhun nátù ang makina básig muandar, Let’s try to use our brains on this sewing machine. Maybe we can figure out how to make it go. {1a} [A; a12] accomplish s.t. with less than what one would normally have available. Ug maáyu kang mukartíyu, makapaiskuyla ka sa ímung anak, If you handle your limited resources right, you can still send your son to school. Wà tay istrungkadur, átù lang kartiyúhun ug kutsilyu, We don’t have a screwdriver, but we’ll manage it with a knife. {2} [A13] slap together a plan hastily. Nagkartíyu lag usa ka dinalìdaling ripurt, He just waffled up a quick report. n ability, thinking power to solve problems. kartiyúhan a having a knack for solving problems.

kartulína n k.o. smooth and fine-grained cardboard of a thin and sturdy sort.

kartun_1 n {1} cardboard box. {2} cardboard. v [a12] put in a cardboard box. Gikartun ang mga rilip, The relief goods were put in boxes. -in- n {1} put in a box. {2} by the boxful.

kartun_2, kartuning n animated movie cartoon. v {1} [A] have, show a movie cartoon. {2} [c1] make into or show as a cartoon.

kartutsu = karatsutsu.

káru n an open carriage on wheels used for carrying sacred images of saints during a religious procession or a body in a funeral procession. v [A; c1] put on a carriage, make a carriage for a procession.

karù v [AB; a12] shake s.t. to see if there is anything inside or to loosen it, for s.t. rooted to be loosened. Dúnay nagkarù sa halígi kay nagharag na, S.o. must have shook the post because it’s leaning to one side. Nagkarù na ang íyang ngípun ug ipaibut na, His tooth is loose and should be extracted. Karua nang kawit ug may sulud ba, Shake the toddy container to see if there is any inside.

karul (from arul) v [AB16N; a] pluck feathers out, molt. Nagkarul (nangarul) ang mga balhíbu sa manuk, The chicken is molting. Gikarul níya ang balhíbu sa manuk, He plucked out the chicken’s feathers.

kárul_1 v [AC12; b] go Christmas caroling.

kárul_2 v {1} [A3] clatter, make a clattering sound. Mukárul ang bakyà níya sa salug, Her wooden slippers will clatter on the floor. {2} [B2S46; a4] for the teeth to chatter. Mikárul (gikárul) ákung suwang sa katugnaw, My teeth (lit. chin) chattered because of the cold. n clatter. Dungug sa sílung ang kárul sa mga plátu, The clatter of the plates could be heard downstairs.

karumáta n k.o. large two-wheeled cart with shafts, designed for draft animals but in urban areas pushed by people, used for transporting s.t. heavy. v {1} [A; a2] haul s.t. in a carromata. Karumatáhan ta kag balas tulu ka biráda, I will deliver you three carromata-loads of sand. {2} [A13; a12] go s.w. in a carromata. paN- v [A2; b6] earn one’s livelihood by hauling things on a carromata. karumatilya n a small three-wheeled cart, pushed by people.

karun short form: run {1} this time now. Gikinahanglan ka karun, You are needed now. Sukad karun ayaw na pagpakítà dinhi, From now on, don’t show yourself here. sa pagka — as of this moment. Sa pagkakarun wà kuy ikabáyad nímu, For the moment, I can’t pay you yet. — dáyun right now. Lakaw karun dáyun, Go this minute. matag — ug unyà every now and then. Nahigmata siya matag karun ug unyà, He kept waking up every so often. {2} this time, immediately ahead of us. Latiguhun ta ka run, I’ll whip you in a minute. — na I’ll do it in just a minute. ‘Mangáun na ta.’—‘Karun na!’ ‘Let’s eat.’—‘OK. Just a minute.’ — pa {a} just now. {b} in a little while. Wà pa siya. Karun pa tu siya, He hasn’t gotten here yet. He’ll be here presently. — ka giyud you’ll get it in a minute. Karun ka lang giyud, bayhána ka, You’ll get from me, woman. {3} today. Unsa man ta run (rung adláwa)? What is it (lit. are we) today? — nga [time] this [time] we are at now. Karung simanahúna, This week. Karung adláwa, Today. Sus, ínit rung udtúha, My, how hot it is this noon. {4} -ng this coming. Kitáun ku siya karung udtu, I’ll go to see him this noon. Karung Hulyu, This coming July. Mugíkan mi karung alas dúsi, We’ll leave this coming noon (twelve o’clock). {4a} -ng bag-u recently. Gibisitáhan ku níla karung bag-u, They recently visited me. {5} the ones now as opposed to people at other times (Nominative or Dative). Ang karung mga istudiyanting nagbanhà dihà, sa ímung klási, The students that are making noise there are from your class. Karung (niárung) mga panahúna, mahal tanang palalítun, These days everything is very high. niárun, árun (Genitive, Dative). Wà ku mahibalu niárun, I don’t know this thing here. Sáma niárung panahúna, Just about like the weather we’re having here. {6} particle used to keep a narration on track: now. Karun, kadtung ákung giingung babáyi ..., Now, this woman I was telling you about ... {7} ba — particle of pause in making a calculation: let’s say. Padangtan ba rug diyis minútus, Let it boil, say, for about ten minutes. Sumā̀ sa ímung gustu. Dus písus ba run ang ihátag, maáyu na, Whatever amount you want—say, two pesos, that’s good enough. karún (from karun, 5) that’s right. Karún. Mau nang tubága ákung gustu, There. That’s the answer I want. karunkarun v [A12; a12] tell s.o. to do s.t. in a hurry. Dílì ta makakarunkarun ug súgù níya, We cannot tell him to do s.t. in a hurry. karunkarun dáyun this very instant. Lakaw karunkarun dáyun, Go this very instant. -ay at this very moment. Karúnay pa siya batíag kalúuy sa íyang asáwa, It’s only now that he felt pity for his wife.

kárung a disheveled. v [B3; c1] be, become disheveled, become tousled (hair). Human sa áway nagkárung íyang buhuk, After the fight her hair was all disheveled.

karunsing n a variety of sweet potato, oblong-shaped, reddish-skinned, and with white meat. When cooked it has dry and powdery, but tasty meat.

karúsa n {1} = káru. {2} = karumáta. {3} float, a decorated vehicle for carrying exhibits in a parade. v {1} [A; c1] make, use as a karúsa. {2} [A; c] carry on a karúsa. {3} [A; a12] go s.w. on a karúsa.

karut, kárut_1 v {1} [A; a] scratch hard so as to take flesh. Ayaw karúta ímung pangágud, kay magdugù, Don’t scratch deeply into your athlete’s foot because it will bleed. {2} [A; a] get the last bit that remains in a container out, such that the bottom of the container is scraped. Karúta ang dukut kay wà nay kan-un, Scrape out the rice sticking to the bottom of the pot because there is no more rice. {3} [B126; a12] run out of gambling money or go bankrupt in a business. Nakárut siya sa tárì, wà giyuy nahibilin sa íyang kwarta, He lost all his money at the cockfights. He had nothing left. Nakárut ang tindáhan nga wà maáyu pagkadá, The store went bankrupt because it was not well managed.

kárut_2 n carrot.

karwáhi n a horse-drawn passenger carriage, usually four-wheeled. v [A13; ac] go, bring s.t. by carriage.

karwas = kamras.

karyáda v [A; a] transport things with animals or people. Nagkaryáda mi ug bála sa kaniyun ngadtu sa panggubátan, We hauled artillery shells to the front. Nalúya ang kabáyù kay usa na ka simánang gikaryáda, Our horse is weakened because it was used to haul things for the whole week. n action of hauling. Sa maung gidaghanun sa mais ang karyáda mulungtad ug duha ka adlaw, With that much corn, the hauling will take two days. paN- v [A2] engage in a hauling business. karyadahan n vehicle used for transporting. kinaryadáhan n money earned in hauling.

karyír = kírir.

kás_1 n {1} cash, money on hand. Pílay kás náa nímu dihà? How much do you have? {2} money as opposed to other things of value. Ang nakáwat aláhas ug kás mga dusintus, I lost jewelry and two hundred pesos cash. v [A; a2] pay s.t. in cash. Kásun ku lang ang báyad, I will make the payment in cash. — adbans advance on one’s salary. v [A; ac] ask for or give a cash advance.

kā́s_2 = kálas. see kalas_2.

kasa v [A; bc] bet on s.t. or an amount. Mukasa ka sa ákung manuk? Will you bet on my cock? Kasahan kug usa ka líbu si Ilurdi, I’ll bet one thousand pesos on Elorde. Pilay ímung ikasa? How much do you bet?

kása n {1} business firm. {2} commercial building. — digubyirnu government building. — riyal the term given during the Spanish regime to refer to the building in which government offices were located.

kásà v {1} [A; c16] produce a crackling, rustling sound. Nagkásà ang mga ilagà sa táas sa atup, The rats are rustling up in the roof. Ayawg kasáa (ikásà) ang pagkúmut sa mga papil, Do not make the papers crackle when you crumple them. {2} [B] talk loudly, too garrulously. Mukásà nà siya basta náay babáying mamínaw níya, He talks a lot and loud when there are women listening. Ngánung nakásà man mu dinhà? What are you chattering about over there? n {1} crackling, rustling sound. {2} preparation for a party, esp. cooking, as evidenced by noise. May kásà sa íla. May kumbira dagway, There’s the noise of preparations at their house. They must be planning a party. a a chatterbox, talking too much.

kas-a_1 {1} short for kanus-a. {2} see usa.

kasába = kamúting káhuy. see kamúti.

kasádu {1} see kasal, 2. {2} see kasar1, 2.

kasag n k.o. edible salt-water crab growing to 4″. paN- v [A2; b6(1)] catch kasag.

kasáhus = kusáhus.

kasal n {1} wedding. {2} taking of vows by a nun. v {1} [A; a] officiate marriage rites. Ang misiyun mukasal sa mga magtiáyung mansibádu, The missionary priest will marry the common-law couples. Daghan ang kaslun basta Hunyu, Many people get married in the month of June. {2} [a12] for a nun to take her final vows. Gikasal na ang madri, The nun has taken her final vows. (←) n intense wedding activity. pa- v [AC12; c] marry s.o. Kinahanglang mupakasal siya nímu kay burus ka, He should marry you because you’re pregnant. Íyang gipakaslan ang babáying íyang napaangkan, He married the woman who had borne him a child out of wedlock. Ipakasal nà sila, Have them get married. kasádu {1} having gone through a marriage ceremony. Mansibádu ang ákung ginikánan kay dílì kasádu (kinasal), My parents are common-law husband and wife. They have not been married. {2} married, as opposed to divorced or single. -in- = kasádu, 1. kaslunun, kalaslun n s.o. about to be married. kasamintu, kasamyintu n state of being officially married. Ang kasamintu dílì garantíya sa malipáyung panagpúyù, It’s no guarantee that you will be happy living together, just because you have been officially married.

kasaníhan see *sáni_2.

kasap a not being able to taste. v [B; b6] get to be so one can’t taste a thing. Mukasap ang bàbà basta kahilanatun ta, One loses his sense of taste when there is an incipient fever.

kasapuygu n a box of matches.

kasar_1 v [A; c1] load or cock a gun. Nagkasar siyang dáan kay nahadluk siyag hiunhan, He loaded his gun beforehand because he was afraid he would be shot at first. Gikasar níya ang pistúla ug gitan-aw kun dúna bay bála, He cocked his pistol and looked to see if it had bullets in it. kasádu a for guns to be loaded.

kasar_2 v [A; bc] put up money for a bet, see s.o.’s bet. Mukasar kug dusintus. Mudáwat ka? I’ll bet two hundred. Do you accept? Kasdan ku ang ímung mil, I’ll accept your thousand-peso bet. kasádu n amount put down in a bet. Pilay kasádu ninyu? How much money is involved in the betting? a for a bet to be finalized. Kasádu na. Dì na ta makabakwì, The bet’s been made. We can’t get out of it. v [AC; a2] make it a bet, bet money against each other. Nakigkasádu kug milyunaryu, I bet against a millionaire. Hinúgay nang ímung hambug. Kasadúhun nátù, That’s enough of your big talk. Let’s make it a bet.

kásaw v [A; c1] make noise by splashing water. Wà siyay kuhà kay dinhay nagkásaw, He didn’t make a single catch because s.o. was splashing.

kasba_1 v [A; a] eat greedily like a pig. Nakakasba ka na, mangáyù pa giyud, You have already eaten, but you are asking for more. Gikasba sa bábuy ang ákung kamutihan, The pigs chewed up our sweet potato garden.

kasba_2 v [AC; ab2] for animals to mate, or (applied vulgarly) for people to do so. Pakasbahun ang ámung butakal sa ímung anay, We’ll have our male mate with your sow.

kasbu n k.o. heron that eats rice: Nycticorax caledonicus.

kási_1 almost all, nearly all. Kási sa mga istudiyanti nakabayad, Nearly all of the students have paid. Kási sa (ang) mga nagpuyù dinhi dátù, Almost everyone who lives here is rich. kasikási = kási_1.

kási_2 v [AC; ac] make or take on a bet, make it a bet, bet with each other. Nagkási sila. Siya didtu kang Markus ug ang usa kang Sirhing, They made a bet. He was for Marcos and the other one was for Serging. Kasíhi siya, ambi mukasar ba, Bet him. Let’s see if he takes it. Ikási ang ákung kwarta sa manuk níya, Bet my money on his cock. n bet made.

kasibáya = kisibáya.

kasíkas = kalasíkas.

kasíli_1 = bais.

kasíli_2 n k.o. darter: Anhinga melanogaster.

kasílik n general name for wrasses.

kasilyas n toilet, room with a toilet in it. v [A13; a2] build a toilet, bathroom. a nothing as compared to. Kasilyas lang ang Sibu sa Manílà, Cebu is nothing compared to Manila. paN- v [A2; b6] go to the toilet. Hulat únà kay mangasilyas pa ku, Wait a moment. I’m going to the toilet. kasilyíru n a person hired to empty the septic tank or a toilet hole of its contents. v [B136] be a kasilyíru.

kasing n top. v [a12] make into a top. (←) n game of playing with a top. v [AC; b6(1)] play with a top. -in- a shaped like a top. Talabánug nga kinasing, Kite shaped somewhat like a top. kasingkásing n heart. Laming adubáwhun ang kasingkásing, Heart tastes good stewed in soy sauce. Dakung haw-ang sa ákung kasingkásing, A feeling of emptiness in my heart. Tigpatantu nga way kasingkásing, A heartless money-lender. gastu ang — = gastu ang kunsinsiya. see kunsinsiya. -in- a sincere. Kinasingkásing ang íyang pahalípay, He was sincere in his congratulations. -an a {1} kindhearted. {2} heartless. Nakaáku pagbíyà sa íyang mga anak, kasingkasíngang amahána, He could actually abandon his children. What a heartless father! {2a} iron-nerved, stouthearted. Kasingkasíngan giyung duktúra kay nakaáku pag-upira sa kaugalíngun níyang asáwa, He’s a very stouthearted doctor because he can operate on his own wife.

kasíra n {1} one who gets room and board. {2} amount paid for room and board. v [A; c] board s.w. Balay nga íyang gikasiráhan, The house he is boarding at. Háin mu ikasíra ang ímung anak? Where did you have your child board? kasirahan n boarding house.

kasirúla n a covered saucepan with a long handle or with ear-like handles at the sides.

kasíyu = kisíyu.

kaskádu = kaskáru.

kaskáru n {1} name given to skin infections characterized by numerous sores. {2} scaly skin infection caused by ringworm. v [B126; a4b4] be, become affected with this k.o. skin disease.

kaskas_1 v {1} [A; a1] dig in, scratch to get a foothold. Makakaskas kining ligíra bísan dangug ang dálan, This k.o. tire can hold even on a slippery road. {2} [A23N] strive hard, make great efforts. Mukaskas (mangaskas) ku karun myintras bátà pa, I’ll strive hard and make use of my time now while I’m still young. n activities, intense work. Ímu ra man ang tanang kaskas dinhi, You are the one doing all the work here.

kaskas_2 v [A; a1] strum a guitar. Kaskása ang sista kay musáyaw ku, Play the guitar because I’m going to dance. n action of strumming. Akung kaskas, ákung sáyaw, Why do I have to do everything around here? (Lit. It’s my strumming and my dance.)

kaskas_3 v [A; ab2] uproot vines to clear an area. Kaskása ang kamutihan, Clear off the sweet potato patch.

*kaskas_4 -in- n mesentery, the membranes which enfold the intestines and their appendages and connect to the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. It is used to wrap murkun.

kaskas_5 = kalaskas.

kaskás = kalaskálas.

kasku n {1} the framework and the main structure of s.t. without appendages. Kasku sa sakayan, The hull of the boat. Kasku sa kutsi, The body of the car. Kasku sa táwu, The torso of a man. Kasku sa muskitíru, Walling of the mosquito net. {2} a blunt-bowed wooden boat with square stern about 30′ long, towed or with a sail, used for lightering or for river or coastal transport. It is so called because it consists of little more than a hull. v [A; a] build the basic structure of s.t., use as the basic structure. Wà pa ku makakasku sa ákung muskitíru kay wà pa kuy ilangitlángit, I haven’t made the sides of the mosquito net because I don’t have materials for the top.

kaskug v [A12] muster enough strength to move or to do s.t. Dì pa makakaskug sa pagbángun ang masakitun, The patient doesn’t have enough strength to get up out of bed.

kasla = tubatuba. see túba.

kaspa n dandruff. v [A123P; a4] get dandruff. kaspahun a having dandruff.

kaspag a for hair to be dry. Brilyantíni ang ímung buhuk kay kaspag kaáyu, Put brilliantine on your hair because it is very dry. v [B] for hair to become dry.

kaspat = kampat.

kasta v {1} [A; b(1)] for animals to mount in copulation. Ug mukasta ang báka sa láing báka, nag-ulag na, When the cow mounts another, it means she’s in heat. {2} [A] have sexual intercourse, copulate (derogatory). Hígal kaáyung tawhána. Mukasta bisag unsang bayhána, He’s over-sexed. He’ll go to bed with anybody.

kastanits = kastanyas, n2, v2.

kastanyas n {1} chestnut. {2} castanets. v {1} [a1] make into castanets. {2} [A; b6] use castanets.

kastanyíta, kastanyítas = kastanyas, 2.

kastǎr = kasta.

kastígu v [A; ab2] inflict punishment on s.o., usually physical. Ginadilì sa maistru ang pagkastígu sa istudiyanti, It is forbidden for teachers to inflict physical punishment on their students. n physical punishment. — hiniral punishment meted to all in a group, without distinction. kinastiguhan n manner of inflicting punishment.

kastílà = katsílà.

kastilya n Castile. kastilyanhun n {1} Castillian. {2} Castillian speech.

kastilyu n {1} castle. {2} ornate fireworks, pyrotechnical display. v {1} [A13; b] display fireworks. {2} [a12] make into pyrotechnic fireworks.

kastur úwil n Castor oil.

kastus n celibate. Ang mga munghi mga kastus, Monks are celibates. v [B16; c1] be, become a celibate, take the vow of chastity or celibacy.

kásu n case, suit. palit ug — get dragged into a case. way — nothing serious. Síging bayli kay way kásu, On with the dance because there’s nothing serious. v [A23C; b3c1] make a legal case. Magkakásu giyud kamu kun dílì mu magkasinábut, You will have to go to court if you can’t come to an understanding. Makásu giyud nang yutáa kay way mga dukumintu, That property will become a matter of legal dispute because the papers are not in order. Pára singku sintábus kasúhun pa giyud nà? You want to make a federal case out of a nickel? paN- v [A2; b] get involved in a lawsuit. Kun mangásu ka kinahanglan hustu ka sa bulsa, If you get involved in a lawsuit, you must have enough money. Hitabù nga gipangasúhan, Incident that was the subject of a lawsuit. ing-, pur-ing- see ingkásu.

kasulya n chasuble. v {1} [A; b] have, put on a chasuble. {2} [a12] make into a chasuble.

kasuy n cashew: Anacardium occidentale.

kaswal n casual worker, government worker employed with no permanent appointment.

kasway n {1} k.o. deep-sea crab about the same size as the langbay and with longer claws. Parti na gánì sa nigusyu kasway nà sa lápuk, hínay nga mangapay, lagsik mamiluk, When it comes to business, he is like a crab in the mud: he moves slowly but his eyes are constantly blinking (i.e. he is alert). {2} crab legs. Walu ang kasway sa langbay, Sea crabs have eight legs. {3} limbs of people. Tag-as ug kasway ang taas nga táwu, A tall person has long limbs.

kasya_1 n traces of the harness of a plow. v [A; a] use as the traces in a plow. kasyahun n rope to be used as trace in a plow.

kasya_2 = akasya.

kasyahan = akasyahan. see akasya.

kasyúti, kasyútis = sayúti.

kát_1 v {1} [A; b(1)] take or give a cut from an amount of money due s.o. Kátan sa ahinti ang halin, The agent will take a cut from the proceeds. Kátan ang ahinti ug dyís pursintu, The agent will get a cut of ten percent. {2} [A; a] cut playing cards. Kátun ang baráha paghumag saksak, The deck of cards is cut after it is shuffled. {3} [A; a] for a movie to have s.t. cut out of it. Gikát sa sinsur ang hílas nga parti, The lewd scenes were cut out by the censors. {3a} [A; a12] stop a recording to correct an error by re-recording. {4} [A; a2] cut the ball in table tennis, hitting it with the edge of the paddle to make it spin. n {1} one’s share in a deal, commission. {2} action of cutting in cards or table tennis. {3} portions of a movie removed by the censors. {4} recording. Maáyu kaáyu mukanta. Usa lang ka kát, úki na, He is really a good singer. Just one recording, and it is O.K. {4a} single side of a record.

kát_2 = kálat1, 2.

káta a for sounds to be rapid, in quick succession. Kátà lang ininglis níya! He talks English so fast! v {1} [B6; c1] talk rapidly. Mikátà lag tabian ay, There’s the babbler talking at full speed. Ug katáun (ikátà) nákù ang ákung sinultihan, dì mu kasabut, If I talk rapidly, you won’t understand. {2} [B3(1)6] make a series of sharp short sounds in quick succession. Mikátà ang masinggan, The machine guns rattled. Makakátà gánì ang makinilya, If the typewriter makes a rapid popping noise. Mikátà na ang ákung gilung-ag ságing, The bananas I’m cooking are bubbling now. (→) a talking rapidly.

kátab v [A; ac1] chatter, talk rapidly about s.t. trivial and not sensible. Nagkátab ang bàbà sa tabì, She’s running off at the mouth with gossip. -un(→) a given to chattering.

katabuk n k.o. sweet potato with reddish peelings and white, not prized meat.

katadkatad v [A; c] stamp one’s feet in anger or in a tantrum. Mikatadkatad ang bátang gustung muuban, The child stamped his feet because he wanted to go along.

kátag v [AB16; c1] spread, scatter out, cause s.t. to be scattered. Ngánung nagkátag mu dihà. Tápuk mu ngari, Why are you scattered out all over? Come in close here. Ikaw nagkátag sa mais sa bululáran? Was it you that spread the corn out on the drying tray? n how good one is in s.t.: one’s ability as it appears after being tested in competition. Hawud aku sa Pámas. Makatulu nga bist aktur. Kanà ang kátag ku, I’m one of the top actors. I won the FAMAS award as best actor three times. That’s how good I am.

katakáta a {1} for s.o. to be too eager to do work no one told him to do. Katakáta ka man giyung mudáru. Hala tiwasag dáru tung umahan, You have been wanting to plow so much, so go ahead, plow the whole field. {2} daring to do s.t. one is not supposed to do. Katakáta giyud ning bayhána mulakaw magabíi nga mag-inusára, This woman is daring. She goes out all alone at night. v [A13P] take s.t. onto oneself one shouldn’t. Kinsay nagkatakáta (nagpakatakáta) ug lútù niíning bábuy nga wà may mandù nga lutúun? Who went and cooked this pork when nobody told you to do it?

katála_1 (not without l) n monkey wrench with straight gripping edges as opposed to one with curved grips (yábi túbu). v [A; a2] use a monkey wrench on.

katála_2 (not without l) n k.o. white parrot with a red beak.

katalagman see tagam.

katalug, katalugu n catalog, esp. of fashion design. v [A13; c1] compile or make a catalog.

katambak n general name for porgies and sheepheads, esp. Lethrinus spp., and also loosely given to fish of similar appearance such as Monotaxis grandoculis.

katang n k.o. edible fresh-water crab growing to 4″ by 3″, dark brownish-green in color.

kátap v {1} [B; c1] spread all over. Mikátap ang mga táwu sa plása, People were all over the plaza. Ang usa ka galun nga pintal dílì makakátap sa pisami, A gallon of paint will not cover the entire ceiling. {2} [B] for vision or reasoning powers to be blurred. Nagkátap ang ákung tinan-awan sa mga lúhà, My vision was not clear because of my tears. Mikátap ang íyang hunàhúnà sa hilabihang kasábà, He couldn’t think clearly because of the incessant din. a {1} be spread widely. Kátap kaáyu ang balità, The news spread widely. {2} for vision or thoughts to get blurred.

katarak, kataráta n cataract of the eyes.

kataru n cough. v [A1; a2] have a cough.

kataw n supernatural sea creatures with the head and trunk of a beautiful woman and the tail of a fish, which play practical jokes on fishermen, kidnap them, or drive them crazy. v [A13; a12] for a kataw to annoy a fisherman. Dúna kunuy nagkataw ni Pidru sa íyang pagpamasul gabíi, They say a mermaid took an interest in Peter (played jokes or tried to lure him) last night while he was fishing. Gikataw nà siya maung nabúang, A mermaid went after him, and that’s why he went crazy.

katáwa see tawa.

kátay v {1} [AN; b(1)] for plants to creep or climb onto s.t. Nakakátay na ang kamúti sa tibuuk baul, The sweet potato vines have spread all over the field. Ang kural nga gikatáyan sa bágun, The fence the vines were climbing on. {2} [B3(1)6; aP] for news, fire, and the like to spread. Mikátay dáyun ang balità, The news spread quickly all over the place. Dakùdakung lunà ang gikatáyan sa súnug, The fire spread over a wide area. pina- n longhand writing. ka- v [A13] for s.t. to trail in a scattered way behind s.t. moving forward. Nagkakátay ang tinái sa hidunggaban, The intestines of the stabbing victim trailed behind him. -an(→), -ánan n s.t. on which vines climb.

Spotted a typo or a problem in this chapter? Tell us